1-A positive response to percussion, indicating an inflamed periodontal ligament,

can be caused by
a- teeth undergoing rapid orthodontic movement
b-, a recent high restoration,
c- a lateral periodontal abscess.
.d- chronic periapical inflammation
e-(a,b,d)
f-(a,b,c)
2- causes of tooth mobility is…are….
a- advanced periodontal disease,
b-horizontal root fracture in the middle third.
c- chronic bruxism
.d- horizontal root fracture in the coronal third
e- an acute apical abscess
f- all of the above.
G-(a,d,e).
3-Which of the following findings on X-Ray should arouse suspicion of
degenerative pulp changes?
a- deep carious lesions, deep and extensive restorations, pulp caps .
b- thickened periodontal ligament, and periodontal disease that is radiographically evident
c- pulpotomies, pulp stones, extensive canal calcification & root resorption,
D- radiolucencies at or near the apex & root fractures.
e- Any of the above.
f-Non of the above because The state of pulpal health or pulpal necrosis cannot be
determined radiographically.
4- the clinician can obtain a three-dimensional impression of the teeth that will aid
in discerning superimposed roots and anatomic landmarks.
A- By exposing two diagnostic films.( maintaining the same vertical cone angulation and
changing the horizontal cone angulation 10 to 15 degrees for the second diagnostic film)
.B_By exposing Three diagnostic films One of them with parallel technique
c- By exposing two diagnostic films( Changing the vertical cone angulation 20 degree and
the second film). maintaining the same horizontal cone angulation in
.D-(A or C)
.E- Non of the above
Which of the following statement is(are) incorrect relating to X-Ray diagnosis -5
A-a bite-wing film provides an excellent supplement for finding the extent of carious
destruction, and dens invaginatus or evaginatus..
B- Following the lamina dura usually reveals the number and curvature of the roots.
C-; if the canal appears to change quickly from dark to light, this indicates that it has
bifurcated or trifurcated
D-A radiolucent lesion need to be at the apex of the root to indicate Pulpal inflammation
or degeneration.
E-a great deal of bone destruction may occur before any radiographic signs are evident.
F-(a,e).
6-The incidence of calcifications in the chamber or in the canal may increase with
a-immature apices.
B-periodontal disease.
C- extensive restorations.
D- aging.
E-traumatic injury.
F-(a,b,e).
G-(b,d,c).
7- The most effective diagnostic test for any tooth, including a tooth with porcelain
or metal full coverage,
A-Thermal test( bathing in very warm or cold water ).
B-Electro vitality test using pulp tester.
C-Cavity test (preparation through the coverage without anesthesia)
D- by using ethyl chloride, or Carbon dioxide crystals.
E-Non of the above.
F-(a,b).
8-If The patient dose not response to heat and cold testing That because…
A-the neural fibers in the pulp transmit only the sensation of pain.
B-the pulp is nonvital.
C-the pulp possibly vital but giving a false-negative response because of excessive
calcification.
D- the pulp possibly vital but giving a false-negative response because of an immature
apex, or recent trauma.
E- of irreversible pulpitis.
F-(b,c,d).
g-(a,d,e).
9 -The Main reasons for a false-negative response when using The electric pulp
tester is….are….
A- Recently traumatized tooth.
B- Recently erupted tooth with an immature apex.
C- Partial necrosis.
D- Conductor/electrode contact with a larger metal restoration
E-(a,c,d)
F-(a,b,c).
10-During intra oral examination , a pink spot was seen through the enamel( in
crown of lateral incisor) the tooth was asymptomatic. What is your suspicion
diagnose?
a- dens invaginatus.
b- Pulp necrosis.
c- advanced cases of internal resorption.
d- Hyperplastic pulpitis.
e- Non of the above.
11 -Which of the following situation had a diagnose of Acute apical periodontitis
associated with a normal vital pulp.
a- in a tooth that has suffered occlusal trauma from a high restoration.
b- In a tooth that has suffered from chronic bruxism.
c- In a tooth with incomplete apices exposed by caries lesion.
d- In dens invaginatus.
e- All of the above.
f- (a,b).
g- (c,d).
12--Which of the following method of diagnosis can reveal whether the apical
lesions are dental granulomas, abscesses, or cysts?
a-Radiographical diagnosis.
b-Transluminance test.
c- biopsy and microscopic examination.
d-Tracing of the fistula.
e-(a or c).
13-Techniques for Detecting Vertical Crown/Root Fractures…..
a-Thorough dental history.( the patient continuously complains of pain with chewing)
b-Radiography.( The radiolucent halo is visible from the sulcus to the apex.).
c-Wedging and staining.
d-Fiberoptic examination.
E-Persistent periodontal defect.( periodontal treatment does not resolve a sulcus defect).
F-All of the above.
G-(c,d).
H-(b,c,d).
14-The deferential diagnosis between Trigeminal neuralgia & odontogenic pain isare--
A- A bout of paroxysmal pain characteristically short, lasting several seconds but not longer
than a minute.
b- "dental" pain described as electrical, shocking, shooting, sharp, cutting, or stabbing.
c- characterized by spontaneous intermittent or continuous paroxysms of pain.
d- a prolonged painful response to both heat and cold stimulation.
e- Continuous spontaneous pain may be excited merely by a change in posture.
f- Some patients are able to identify and describe a vague prodrome of tingling just before
an attack.
g-All of the above.
h- (a,b,f).
15- the plexus of Raschkow is….are….
a-. The intimate association of A-delta fibers with the odontoblastic cell layer and dentin.
b- A-delta fibers lose their myelin sheath and form anastomoses into a network of nerves
beneath the odontoblastic layer.
c- layer of nerves sends free nerve endings onto and through the odontoblastic cell layer,
as well as into dentinal tubules and in contact with the odontoblastic processes.
d-All of the above.
E-(a,b).
f-(b,c).
g-(a,c).
_16- Hypersensitive dentin
a-may result in Exposed cervical dentin from gingival recession, periodontal
surgery, toothbrush abrasion, or erosion.
b-treatment modalities focus on the chemical or physical blockage of the patent
dentinal tubules to prevent fluid movement from within.
c- an undetected gap formed in the interface between dentin and restoration.
d- placement of indirect pulp capping with calcium hydroxide is indicated in these
cases.
e-All of the above related to hypersensitive dentin.
f-(c,d).
g-(a,b).
h-(a,d).
17- Managing endodontic Diffuse swellings (cellulitis )…
a- The cardinal rule is to attempt to establish drainage.
b- If no concurrent attempt is made to establish drainage, the use of antibiotics only.
c-swelling can be facilitated through incision and drainage of the area.(through the
canals).
d- soft tissue drainage must be established through incision of the diffusely swollen
alveolar tissues.
e- enlarging the constriction no larger than a No. 25 file and the tooth is left open.
f- Hot, intraoral saline rinses and systemic antibiotic..
g-all of the above.
h-(a,b,f).
i-(a,d,e,f).
18- one appointment root canal therapy can be considered in the following
circumstances:
a- Asymptomatic nonvital molars with periapical radiolucencies and no sinus tract.
b- Patients who have acute apical periodontitis with severe pain on percussion.
c- Necrotic, uncomplicated teeth with draining sinus tracts.
d- Patients with heart valve damage or prosthetic implants who require repeated
regimens of prophylactic antibiotics.
E-All of the above.
F-(a,c)
G-(c,d).
19- When a calcified root canal cannot be located or instrumented
a. extraction is the treatment of choice.
b. retrograde and replantation procedures should be considered.
c. the dentist must proceed with the understanding that an unexplored
or unfilled canal is worse than a perforation and should be prepared & filled,
d. it is no longer accessible to bacterial infection.
20- Recapitulation….
A- does merely confirm patency.
B- is sequential reentry and reuse of each previous instrument.
C- the first instrument that reaches the radiographic terminus.
D-Negotiation of the ledge formation.
E- any of the above.
F-(b,d).
21-The patency File is…
A- the first instrument that reaches the radiographic terminus.
B- The instrument that keep the pathway of the canal open during instrumentation.
C-The same as the exploring file.
D-the last file that used in canal preparation.
E- The file which used to determinate the working length.
F-Any of the above.
The patient phone you at clinic complaining from Sevier pain 3 hours ago and -22
not stopped until now the only thing reducing the pain is the cold water..your
diagnosis & management
A) Acute apical periodontaitis, the patient need complete canal preparation and medical
.dressing inside the canals
.B) Acute pulpits, the patient need emergency treatment (Pulpotomy or pulpectomy)
C)Supperative pulpitis, The patient need emergency moderate or complete canal preparation
.& medical dressing of the canals
.D) Reactivation of chronic pulpitis, the patient only needs antibiotic and analgesics
.E) Non of the above
23-Shaping the root canal system is important to….
A- facilitates obturation.
B- to allow delivery of irrigation fluids to the entire canal space.
c-to eliminate irritant from the canals.
d- facilitate using of the posts to restore the tooth.
e-prevent discoloration of the coronal part of the tooth.
f- All of the above.
g-(a,b,e).
h-(a,b,c).
24-Which of the following is (are)incorrect relating endodontic burs?
A-Endodontic burs have a long shank to facilitate reaching the deep dentin in
the pulp chamber.
B-Diamond bur are used with a high speed hand piece in enamel for the
initial access cavity preparation.
C-Carbide bur used with a high speed handpieces in the soft dentin till the
pulp chamber.
D-.Flame Fissure: To make deroofing for the pulp chamber by removing the
axial wall.
E-round carbide: To make straight line access.
F-(d,e).
G-(c,e).
25-Which of the following is (are) correct relating Endodontic files?
A-The active part is the last 16 mm
B-file number indicates the length of that file .
C-There is a symbol on the handle, indicates the diameter of the file tips.
D- on the handle, there is a number to indicate the diameter of the file tip.
E-Stainless steel is stiffer, while nickel titanium is more flexible.
F-(a,d,e).
G-(a,b,e).
26-Reamer: Recommended use
a-continuous rotation when the resistance is small or moderate
b-by balanced force when the resistance is greater
C-It prepares dentin effectively in filing motion (up and down)
D-All of the above.
E-(a,b).
F- (a,c).
27-The Differences between The Reamers and the Flexoreamer is (are)…..
A-Color coded.
b- Flexoreamers are manufactured from a triangular steel wire that is twisted
C- The tip of the instrument(Flexo-) is non-cutting ('bat-tip', 'inactive tip')
D- Flexoreamers come in sizes 15 - 40, all with a taper of 0.02
E-recommended for (Flexo-) continuous rotation when the resistance is small
F-All of the above.
G-(B,E).
H-(C,D).
28-Which of the following instrument the use of continuous rotation is limited
because of the screwing effect ?
A-Reamer
B-K-File.
C-H-File.
D-Flexoreamer
E-Barbed Broaches and Rasps.
29-Type Instruments….
A- Has circular cross section, made by cutting machine way
B- H-files cut the canal wall when pulled or rotated clockwise
C- ineffective when pushed or rotated counterclockwise
D- Fatigue happens without any external physical signs of stress.
E-All of the above.
F-(a,d).
30-Barbed Broaches and Rasps.
a-used to extirpate the pulp from canals.
b-Barbed broache used to remove cotton or paper points .
C- Both have sharp projections.
D- broach is a much weaker instrument than the rasp because broach’s projections are longer
E-All of the above.
F-(a,b).
? What is the primary determent for successful endodontic treatment -31
a- selecting the proper obturation technique
b- effective elimination of microorganisms from the pulp space
c- using rotary instruments to shape the canals
d- using an effective irrigation regimen
A patient present for a post treatment examination with no complaint of -32
symptoms except the apical radiolucency that was present before treatment,
although it appears smaller . treatment for this patient would be classified as
? which of the following
a- a failure
b- a success
c- a clinical success but radiographic failure
d- a functional tooth with uncertain prognosis
To make valid comparisons between radiograghs to assess healing, which of -33
? the following describes how films should be made
a- in a reproducible manner
b- 6 months apart
c- At different angles
d- by the same person to
ensure consistency
the most common preoperative cause of endodontic treatment failure includes -34
? which of the following
a- misdiagnosis
b- leaking coronal restoration
c- poor case selection
d- error in treatment planning
? what are the major indicators of successful endodontic treatment -35
a- lack of discoloration , no tenderness to biting
b- no swelling or redness of the gingival area
c- absence of symptoms and apical radiolucency
d- a happy patient who has paid the bill
36-In which direction does the palatal root of the upper first
molar usually curve towards
A. Facial / buccal/
B. Lingual
C. Mesial
D-Desital
37-The obturating material of choice for primary teeth following complete pulpectomy is
A. Zn phosphate cement and formcresol combination paste
B. Quick setting hydroxide cement
C. Zinc oxide and eugenol cement
D. Gutta-percha
E. Polycarboxylate cement
38- 8 years old child who has sustained a fracture of maxillary
permanent central incisor in which 2mm of the pulp is exposed;
presents for treatment three hours after injury. Which of the
following should be considered
A. Remove the surface 1-2 mm of pulp tissue and place calcium hydroxide
B. Place calcium hydroxide directly on the exposed pulp
C. Pulpotomy using formocresol
D. Pulpectomy and immediate root filling
E. Pulpectomy and apexification
39. To remove the pulp tissue from narrow canal, you can use
A. Barbed broach
B. Small K-Type file
C. Smooth broach
D. Reamer
. 40-Mesiobuccal root of maxillary first molars MOST COMMONLY Have
A. One canal with one foramen
B. One or two canals with one foramen
C. Two canals with one foramen
D. Two canals with two foramen
41- Which of the following is NOT characteristics of canal filing materials
“obturation material”
A. Tacky adhesive to walls
B. Radio opaque
C. Not irritating
D. Quick in setting
.42- Which of the following factors can affect the shape and
size of the pulp canal
A. Chemical irritation and caries
B. Trauma and function
C. Attrition, wear and aging of the patient
D. All of the above
.43- The sterilisation of Gutta Percha is achieved by
A. Heat
B. Chemical sterilisation
C. Flame
D. Boiling
E. Autoclave
Potential esthetic complications should be investigated before initiation of -44
…endodontic therapy Because
a) discoloration from gutta-percha can be visible in the coronal aspect of an
.endodontically treated tooth
.b) Thin gingiva may transmit a shadow of dark root through the tissue
c) Metal dowels or amalgam placed in the canal results in unacceptable gingival
.discoloration from the underlying root
.d) All of the above
.e)(b,c)
45-Ledermix used in RCT to relieve pain because of
A. Antibiotics
B. Corticosteroid
 ?Which of the following statement is correct related to Cysts -46
.a)Lesion Size shows big correlation with the incidence of radicular cysts
.b) Only Histologic examination can prove whether a radiolucency is in fact a cyst
.c)True cyst are believed to heal only after surgical enucleation
d) The cystic majority of apical processes heal predictably by Endodontic treatment without
.surgery
.e) All of the above
.f) (b,d)
.g) (b,c)
.…Pulpal reactions against bacterial or their toxins when affect the pulp -47
.a)The pulpal defense reaction is hard-tissue deposition by primary and secondary odontoblast
.b) Host response factors such as the recruitment of neutrophils granulocytes
.c)Local development of neurogenic inflammation, act against microbial invasion
d) inflammatory reactions, such as the development of microabscesses in
.subodontoblastic regions
.e) All of the above
.f) (b,c,d)
.g) (a,d)
In some cases Buildups or crown lengthening is required for pre-endodontic -48
.…restoration to
.a)Allow occlusial contact
.b)Obtain restorability of teeth to be treated endodontically
.c) Allow proper isolation with rubber dam and clumps
d) Create pulp chambers that retain irrigants, and to facilitate interappointment
.temporary restorations
.e) All of the above
.f) (b,c)
.g) (b,c,d)
…Canal Preparation Results are affected by -49
.a) The age of patient
.b) The systemic diseases
.c) Canal paths ( Canals that merge, curve, recurve, dilacerate, or divide)
.d) The type of preparation technique which used
.e) All of the above
.…Gates-Glidden Drills -50
.a) Used for preenlargement of coronal canal areas with step-down technique
.b) Used for preenlargement of coronal canal areas with step-back technique
.c) Manufactured in a set and numbered 1 to 6 (0.5-1,5mm diameters)
d)May fractured when used in curved canal, and aggressively drill into canals resulted
.in strip perforation
.e)Best when used with air motors rather than in electric gear reduction handpieces
.f) All except (E)
.g) (a,c,d)
Calcium Hydroxide [Ca(OH)2] -51
.a) Very effective at eradicating intraradicular bacteria
.b) As Endodontic irrigants requires prolonged exposure
.c) Effective as an interappointment medicament
.d)mixing with CHX (Chlorohexidine) may be able to kill calcium hydroxide-resistant bacteria
.e) All of the above
.f) (a,c)
 ?Which of the following is (are) possible causes for canal blockage -52
.a) The canal is blocked with dentin mud
.b) The angle of access is divergent from the angle of incidence
.c)Using The NiTi instruments in curved canals
.d) The tip of the instrument is too wide for the existing shape
.e) precurving the file before inserting inside the canal
.f) (b,c,e)
g) (a,b,d)
…Accessory Canals -53
a-A periodontal-Endodontic pathway of communication and a possible
.portal of entry into the pulp if the periodontal tissues lose their integrity
.b- 75% located in the cervical third of the root canal
c-a break develops in the continuity of the sheath, producing a small gap,
.during formation of the root sheath
.d-All of the above
.e-(a,b)
.f-(a,c)
g-(b,c)
…EDTA -54
.a) Chelators, which help to prevent apical blockage
.b) Preferably is used at the end of a canal preparation procedure to remove the smear layer
.c) Had antibacterial effects stronger than 0.5% NaOCl
.d) Inactivate the active agent in NaOCl
.e)All of the above
.f) (a,b)
.Dens in dente -55
.a-An alveolar crest to apex, facial root defect led to early Pulpal necrosis
.b-Most often occurs in maxillary lateral incisors, which complicate the access
.c-An invagination of part of the lingual surface of the tooth into the crown
.d- All of the above
.e - (a,b)
.f- (b,c)
hemisected or amputated roots with persistent periodontic and Endodontic -56
.…involvement revealed to
.a- Untreated Pulpal disease with immature apex
b-untreated accessory canals containing remnants of pulp tissue, bacteria, and
.necrotic debris
.c- Untreated periradicular pathosis and periodontal defects
.d-Non of the above
…Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) -57
.a-a root-end repair material
.b-supports tissue repairs similar to those seen with calcium hydroxide
c-like calcium hydroxide, MTA provides a hard-setting, nonresorbable
.surface with cavity adaptation
.d-Had high surface pH
.e-All of the above
f-(a,b,d).
.58- Lateral canals are usually found
A. The middle of the root
B. Fist third of the root close to the crown
C. The apical third
Which of the following microorganism is The cause of persistent --59
?periapical inflammation even after adequate root canal treatment
.a-Black-pigmented bacteria
b-Staphylococci
.c-Actinomyces
d- Beta-hemolytic staphylococci
.e-Any of the above
.f-Non of the above
Which of the following regime may help, when the mandibular molar is difficult -60
?to anaesthetize
.a-Give two inferior dental block injections
.b-A buccal and lingual infiltration
.c-intraligamental infiltration around the offending tooth
.d- use a slow-speed round bur to expose the pulp chamber,& intrapulpal anesthesia
.e-All of the above
.f-(a,d)
.g-(a,c,d)
The Common causes of flare-ups DURING (RCT) TREATMENT is….(are) -61
.a- following instrumentation of teeth with pre-existing chronic lesions
.b- following over-instrumentation
c-following extrusion of irrigants or medicaments and leaving the tooth in a traumatic
.occlusion
.d-All of the above
.e-(a,b)
The ideal emergency treatment for HYPOCHLORITE ACCIDENT, If -62
:extrusion occurs
.a- Stop irrigating immediately
.b- The best treatment is NO active intervention,& follow up after 24 hours
.c- Extraction of the tooth is indicated
.d- Use long-acting block anaesthesia to relieve the pain
. e- Prescribe aspirin for pain relief
.f-All of the above
.g-(a,b,d)
.h-(a,c,e)
Such cases as Periapical surgery or treatment of a mandibular molar with a -63
..…diagnosis of acute pulpitis along with acute apical periodontitis
a-Requires a loading dose of antibiotics(as Amoxicillin)that is taken prior to
.treatment, before procedure
b-Requires a loading dose of analgesics(as Diflunisal)that is taken prior to
.treatment , and before procedure that cause postoperative pain
.c-No need for any medication
.d-(a,b)

1 F 29E 57F
2 F 30E 58C
3 E 31B 59C
4 A 32D 60E
5 D 33A 61D
6 G 34B 62G
7 A 35C 63B
8 F 36A
9 F 37C
10 C 38A
11 F 39B
12 C 40C
13 F 41D
14 H 42D
15 F 43B
16 G 44D
17 I 45B
18 G 46G
19 C 47E
20 B 48G
21 B 49C
22 C 50F
23 H 51E
24 G 52G
25 F 53F
26 E 54E
27 H 55F
28 B 56B