PHILOSOPHY AS SPECULATION/SPECULATIVE THINKING

• Derived from the latin word SPECULA which means

“watch tower”
• Implies a vision above that of an ordinary person
• Sometimes considered as :detached” because it is an
activity done alone in isolation
• It is said to be philosopher’s vision
To speculate means to participate in the world and use
the experienceas basis or resource of ideas
• Allows us to expand our perspective by encouraging
us to see the bigger picture
PHILOSOPHY AS CRITICAL THINKING/ ANALYSIS

• To criticize means “to judge” and or to “analyze”

• Philosophy as critical thinking or analysis, questions,
judges and evaluates any all principles and premises
that may be gained through speculation
• In logical reasoning, statement is reduced to its
simplest form, called ELEMENTARY SENTENCE
which is then verified through OBSERVATION.
• In Linguistic Analysis, a clear definition of words to
AMBIGUITY/VAGUENESS and therefore ensures
CLARITY OF CLAIMS.
PHILOSOPHY AS REFLECTIVE THINKING/ REFLECTIVE
INQUIRY

• Reflective Thinking
• It is a “meaning-making process where the learner
deliberately seeks the adequate ground for his/her
beliefs through understanding the connections
between one experience and ideas with a progression
of giving a deeper understanding.
PHILOSOPHY AS REFLECTIVE THINKING/ REFLECTIVE
INQUIRY
• Reflective Inquiry
• Has to happen within a community where each member
serves as a support to one another in validating personal
experiences a valuable in seeking things in a “new” way in
engaging in the process of inquiry.
1. The Experience
2. Spontaneous interpretation of the experience
3. Naming the Problems or questions
4. Generating Possible Explanations
5. Ramifying the explanations into full blown hypothesis
6. Experimenting