SEXUAL REPRODUCTION  Filament the slender stalk that holds the

 Sexual Reproduction is a mode of reproduction that involves anther.

two parents.
• Gametes of two parents unite in a process called
fertilization
• Combination of two traits of the parents.
Different Ways of Sexual Reproduction
1. Sexual Reproduction in Plants
- The flower is the reproductive organ in flowering plants.
- Most important functions are to ensure fertilization of the
egg cell within the ovule and to help in the development of
the ovary into a fruit that contains the seed.
- The floral organs essential for sexual
reproduction are the Stamen(male) and
Pistil(Female).
PARTS OF A FLOWER
Pistil – The female reproductive structure. the seed-bearing organ
of the flower; usually pear-shaped and found at the center of the
flower. It is made up of 3 parts: ovary, style and stigma.
 Stigma – Swollen tip of the Pistil. This part is covered
by sticky substance so that the pollen grains can
adhere to.
 Style - the long, slender tube that connects the
stigma and ovary functions as a conveyor for the
pollen tube.
 Ovary the enlarged basal portion of the pistil that
houses the Ovule.
 Ovules – Contains the egg cell and other related
cell.
POLLINATION AND
FERTILIZATION OF
FLOWERING PLANT

Sepals – it protects the flower when it is still a bud and POLLINATION – is the
contribute to the photosynthetic process of the plant. transfer of the pollen grains
Calyx – compromises the sepals of the flowers. A from the anther to the
collection of sepals. stigma of a flower.
Receptacle – supports the entire flower.
Peduncle/Stalk – Connects the flower to the branch TWO TYPES OF
stem. POLLINATION
Stamen – the male reproductive structure. It is
consisting of Anther & Filament.
 Anther where pollen grains are
produced.
SELF-POLLINATION – Happen when the pollen grains and pistil are
in the same plant or the same flower.
CROSS-POLLINATION – Happens when the pollens and pistil are
from different plants.
2. Sexual Reproduction in Animals
- The sperm or male gametes is introduced in the body of a
female through sexual intercourse or copulation.
o A bridge form between two cells of two Spirogyra
lying side by side.
o The content of one cell pass into other cell through
the bridge, emptying the other cell.
o The contents of both cells combine in the other cell
and form a zygote
ASEXUAL AND SEXUAL REPRODUCTION COMPARED

Fertilization and Development happens in different ways like in: DIFFERENCE OF ASEXUAL AND SEXUAL
ASEXUAL SEXUAL
1. Tapeworm and Earthworms Resultant offspring Has variations among
o This animal contains both male and female are identical to their progenies as a result
reproductive organs. They are called parents. of the union of
Hermaphroditic. gametes.
o They produce both male and female gametes. Relatively much Needs both sexes are
o Tapeworms reproduce through self-fertilization faster compared to needed to
reproduce reproduce.
while Earthworms reproduce to cross-fertilization
but they’re both hermaphroditic.

SELF – FERTILIZATION – It’s gametes unite to form a

fertilize eggs.

CROSS – FERTILIZATION – The process of union of

gametes from two separate individuals.

2. Frog
o Frogs have separate sexes
o Fertilization occurs through EXTERNAL
FERTILIZATION.

3. Conjugation