A menudo, las oraciones de relativo contienen preposiciones y un pronombre relativo

que es el objeto de la preposición. En el inglés de uso cotidiano la preposición suele

colocarse al final de la oración de relativo y el pronombre puede incluirse u omitirse. En
inglés formal la preposición antecede al pronombre relativo y, en este caso, tal
pronombre no puede omitirse. En los ejemplos que figuran a continuación, los
pronombres que van entre paréntesis pueden omitirse.

Ejemplos

Inglés cotidiano Inglés formal

Is that the man (who) she arrived with? Is that the man with whom she arrived?
Does he know the girl (that) John is Does he know the girl to whom John is
talking to? talking?
The person (who) he is negotiating with is The person with whom he is negotiating is
the Chairman of a large company. the Chairman of a large company.
It is a club (which) many important It is a club to which many important
people belong to. people belong.
He liked the people (that) he lived with. He liked the people with whom he lived.
The tree (that) they had their picnic The tree under which they had their
under was the largest and oldest in the picnic was the largest and oldest in the
park. park.
It was the river (that) the children It was the river in which the children
preferred to swim in. preferred to swim.
The jungle (that) the tribe lived in was full The jungle in which the tribe lived was
of strange and unusual animals. full of strange and unusual animals.
 cómo usar las preposiciones con los pronombres relativos.

Cenar con alguien → to have dinner with somebody

Ayer cené con una chico   → I had dinner with a guy yesterday

Frase 1: Ayer cené con un chico → I had dinner with a guy yesterday
Frase 2: El chico vive en Londres → The guy lives in London
Frase de relativo: El chico con el que cené ayer vive en Londres

Como véis, debemos poner la preposición para indicar con quien cenamos ayer. Para
ello distinguimos dos modos de hacerlo según el registro en el que hablemos. 

FORMAL
Tanto en las defining como en las non-defining, colocaremos la preposición
delante del relativo which (para cosas) y whom (para personas).

 Ejemplo defining 1

1. I had dinner with a guy yesterday (ayer cené con un chico)

2.The guy lives in London (el chico vive en Londres) 
Frase de relativo: The guy with whom I had dinner yesterday lives in London (El
chico con el que cené ayer vive en Londres)

 Ejemplo defining 2

1. That is the town (ese es el pueblo)

2. He was born in that town  (él nació en ese pueblo) 
Frase de relativo: That is the town in which he was born (ese es el pueblo en el que él
nació)

 Ejemplo non-defining 1

1. We went on holiday with Mr and Mrs Brown (nosotros nos fuimos de vacaciones con
el señor y la señor Brown) 
2. Mr and Mrs Brown live in London (el señor y la señor Brown viven en Londres)
Frase de relativo: Mr and Mrs Brown, with whom we went on holiday, live in London
(el señor y la señor Brown, con los que nos fuimos de vacaciones, viven en Londres) 

 Ejemplo non-defining 2

1. The meeting room was not really big (la sala de reuniones no era muy grande)
2. The conference was held in the meeting room (la conferencia tuvo lugar en la sala de
reuniones)
Frase de relativo: The meeting room, in which the conference was held, was not really
big (la sala de reuniones, en la cual se celebró la conferencia, no era muy grande) 
¡Cuidado!
Defining relative clauses: Nunca podemos poner una preposición delante del
relativo that. 
That is the town in that he was born 
The guy  with that I had dinner yesterday lives in London

Non-defining relative clauses: Recordad que en las non-defining nunca se ponía that. 

Mr and Mrs Brown, with that we went on holiday, live in London
The meeting room, in that the conference was held, was not really big

INFORMAL

Defining relative clauses

En registro informal, en las defining relative clauses colocaremos la preposición al
final de la frase de relativo y omitiremos el relativo which y whom. 

The guy  with whom I had dinner yesterday lives in London

→ The guy I had dinner with yesterday lives in London

That is the town in which he was born

→ That’s the town he was born in.

Non-defining relative clauses

Iinformal, en las non-defining relative clauses colocaremos la preposición al final de la

frase de relativo, usaremos who en lugar de whom, pero nunca omitiremos el
pronombre relativo. Recordad que en las non-defining, el pronombre relativo nunca se
puede omitir. 

Mr and Mrs Brown, with whom we went on holiday, live in London

→ Mr and Mrs Brown, who we went on holiday with, live in London 
    Mr and Mrs Brown, we went on holiday with, live in London 

The meeting room, in which  the conference was held, was not really big
→ The meeting room, which  the conference was held in, was not really big
    The meeting room, the conference was held in, was not really big