Basics of Chemistry-Hard

1)Which one of the following has maximum number of atoms of

oxygen?

A: 2 g of CO
B: 2 g of N2O
C: 2g of H2O
D: They all have same number of oxygen atoms.

Right Answer Explanation

Moles = Weight / Atomic weight. ;
As the atomic weight of H2O is the least amongst the give choices, it
would have the highest number of moles.
Now the same moles of atoms/molecules has same number of
atoms/molecuels. Thus the highest number of oxygen atoms are in
H2O.

2)The approximate number of molecules in one liter of water is?

A: 3.35 x 1023
B: 6.02 x 1023
C: 3.35 x 1025
D: 6.02 x 1025
Right Answer Explanation
1 litre of water has mass about 1000 grams/litre

Molecular mass of water = 18

So, number of moles in 1litre = 1000/18 = 55.55 moles

This multiplied by Avogadro's number: 6.02 x 1023, which will give number of water molecules in 1 litre as

55.55 x 6.02 x 1023 = 3.35 x 1025

3)How many number of molecules are present in 9.8 g of ice?

A: 6.02 1022
B: 6.02 1023
C: 3.01 1023
D: 3.01 1022
Right Answer Explanation
Number of molecules of water = ( Mass of water in gram / Molar mass of water in g/mol ) * Avagadro's no

= (9.8 / 18 ) 6.02 1023 = 3.01 1023

4)How many moles of magnesium phosphate; Mg3(PO4)2 will contain

0.25 moles of oxygen atoms?

A: 3.125 x 10-2
B: 1.250 x 10-2
C: 3.125 x 10-3
D: 1.250 x 10-3
Right Answer Explanation

4 moles in PO because 2 molecule of PO4 are there so it means there will be 8 moles of Oxygen atoms, if it had 3
4
molecules than there would be 12 moles of Oxygen atoms

Now, if one mole of Mg (PO4) contains 8 moles of atoms, then how many moles of Mg(PO4) will contain 0.25 moles
2 2
of Oxygen

Applying the unitary method, we get, 0.25/8=0.03125 moles of Mg (PO4)

2
 14
5)Two isotopes of an element X are X and 15X, respectively. If the
average atomic mass of X is 14.0067, what is the percentage
abundance of 14X?

A: 88.4 %
B: 95.8 %
C: 99.3 %
D: 99.9 %

Right Answer Explanation

Let the percentage abundance of 14X be x.
Then the percentage abundance of 15X will become (100 − x).
Therefore, [14x + 15(100-x)] / 100 = 14.0067
Or 1500 − x = 1400.67
x = 99.33
Therefore, the percentage abundance of 14X is 99.33 and that of 15X is
0.67.

6)A sample of hard water contains 40 mg of Ca2+ ions per litre. The
amount of washing soda (Na2CO3), required to soften five litres of
the sample would be?
Atomic weight of Ca = 40 and Na2CO3 = 106.
Softening reaction is: Ca2+ + Na2CO3 ----> CaCO3 + 2Na+

A: 1.2 mg
B: 5.3 mg
C: 53 mg
D: 530 mg
Right Answer Explanation

Note:

If 40 g of Ca+ reacts with 106g of Na2CO3

1 g would react with 106/40; and

200/1000 reacts with 106/40 * 200/1000

7)If 1021 molecules are removed from 200 mg of CO2, then the no. of
moles of CO2 left will be?

A: 1.66 x 10-3
B: 2.88 x 10-3
C: 3.35 x 10-3
D: 4.26 x 10-3

Right Answer Explanation

8)Which of the following statement is NOT true?

A: Mono-isotopic elements have only one isotope.

B: Generally elements with even atomic number have more
isotopes.
C: Generally elements with odd atomic number have more
isotopes.
D: All isotopes of the same element have same chemical
properties.

Right Answer Explanation

Generally elements with odd atomic number have less number of
isotopes (not more than two). While elements with even atomic
number have more isotopes.

9)Volume of CO2 obtained from complete decomposition of 126 g

CaCO3 at STP is?
Atomic mass of CaCO3 = 100.

A: 22.4 litres.
B: 28.2 litres.
 C: 30.7 litres.
D: 34.1 litres.

Right Answer Explanation

Calcium carbonate (CaCO3) has a molecular mass of 100 g/mol.
So, 126 g is 1.26 moles
CaCO3 --> CaO + CO2
At STP, 1 mole = 22.4 litres
So, you have 28.224 litres

10)The percentage of nitrogen in NH3NO3.

A: 65%
B: 35%
C: 20%
D: 58%

Right Answer Explanation

In order to solve your problem, you must first find the molar mass (or
mass in amu) of NH4NO3. To do this, use the periodic table:

Nitrogen (N) is 14.0067 g/mol

Hydrogen (H) is 1.01 g/mol
Oxygen (O) is 15.999 g/mol

(14.0067 g/mol * 2) + (1.01 g/mol * 4) + (15.999 g/mol * 3) = 80.0504

g/mol

Now that you have the total molar mass of this compound, find the
molar mass of the nitrogen alone:

(14.0067 g/mol * 2) = 28.0134 g/mol

These values can be used to find the percent composition:

(molar mass of substance / molar mass of compound) * 100% =
percent composition

(28.0134 g/mol / (80.0504 g/mol)) * 100% = 34.99%

Rounding this obtains your final answer:

35.0%