CHAPTER 5

SUMMARY,CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS

SUMMARY

The abuse of and illicit and prescription drugs continues to be a major health problem
internationally. The United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) reports that
approximately 5 per cent of the world's population used an illicit drug in 2010 and 27 million
people, or 0.6 per cent of the worlds adult population, can be classified as problem drug users. It
is estimated that heroin, cocaine and other drugs are responsible for 0.1 to 0.2 million deaths per
year. In addition to causing death, substance abuse is also responsible for significant morbidity
and the treatment of drug addiction creates a tremendous burden on society. UNODC estimates
that worldwide costs related to treating drug abuse total $200-$250 billion, or 0.3-0.4 per cent of
global GDP; additionally, it is estimated that only 20 per cent of drug users received treatment
for their dependence in 2010.

Existing studies have found a high correlation between adolescent abuse and becoming a
problem drug user in adulthood; therefore, it can be inferred that many problem drug users start
abusing drugs at an early age. Additionally, accidental and intentional fatalities that are
associated with drug and alcohol use represent one of the leading preventable causes of death for
the 15 to 24-year-old population. Drug use in the adolescent population carries a high risk for
school underachievement, delinquency, teenage pregnancy, and depression.

CONCLUSION

Based on the precise data that we have gathered we can logically conclude that
still some first years are confused of some drugs and what it can affect them. Because substance
abuse and delinquency are inextricably interrelated, identifying substance-abusing youth in the
juvenile justice system is an important first step for intervening in both their substance abuse and
their delinquent behavior. Drug identification strategies, followed by effective interventions, help
prevent further illicit drug use and delinquency. Drug testing can be a constructive means of
helping youth overcome denial of their substance abuse. As a part of intervention, drug testing
can be used to help youth achieve and maintain recovery and curtail other deviant behaviors.

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Over time, effective drug identification will help juvenile justice agencies achieve the goals of a
balanced approach including community protection, youth accountability, and competency
development.

RECOMMENDATIONS

The International Good Templar Youth Federation, a non-governmental organization

with branches and contacts in more than 40 countries in the world and a membership consisting
of 200,000 "juniors" (7 to 15 years old) and older "youth" members has undertaken a world-wide
campaign for developing a culture free of any kind of intoxicating substances, such as alcohol
and narcotic drugs, and for promoting the development of drug prevention and social
reintegration programmes. In its efforts to prevent drug and alcohol-related problems, the
Federation promotes the development of appropriate information, education and national control
policy measures, as well as encourages youth to participate in healthy activities that can serve as
alternatives to involvement with drugs. Former addicts help in the development of rehabilitation
and social reintegration programmes for drug addicts and alcoholics. The International Good
Templar Youth Federation organizations in Europe have recently launched a campaign called
"European Youth against Cannabis", which places emphasis on the following three major tasks:
to oppose any attempt to legalize cannabis; to provide information for their members about the
harmful effects of cannabis abuse; and to keep all the activities free of any drugs.