Name: Germinal, Rachelle S.

Subject Code: GE09

Section: PCED-13-101A T/4:30 – 9:00 pm

Rizal in Europe
Topic: Rizal as member of Propaganda Movement and
The Writing of Noli Me Tangere & El Filibusterismo

1. List down the aims or objectives of Propaganda Movement.

The Propaganda Movement primarily aimed to bring to Spain’s attention the real
needs of its colony, the Philippines. Among other things, the Propagandists specifically
advocated:
1. The recognition of Philippines as a province of Spain and its (Philippines)
representation in the Spanish parliament (Cortes Generales);
2. The secularization of the Philippine parishes and clergy;
3. The equality between the Spanish and the Filipino, especially in entering
government service;
4. The establishment of government-funded schools not run by the friars;
5. The abolition of the ‘polo’ (forced labor) and ‘vandala’ (forced sale of local
products to the government); and
6. The recognition of human rights and freedom, especially the freedoms of speech
and association.
2. Identify and explain Rizal’s involvement with the Propaganda Movement.
Jose Rizal was one of the prominent members of the Propaganda Movement. He
was the most outstanding propagandist and a great novelist with his notable works
Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo.
3. Name some of the prominent members of Propaganda Movement and their role and
contribution to the organization.
 Graciano Lopez Jaena. He was the founder, along with Mariano Ponce, of the La
Solidaridad, that circulated both in Spain and the Philippines and was the medium
of the Propaganda Movement. His works in the La Solidaridad were Fray Botod
and En Tinielas.
 Marcelo H. del Pilar. He succeeded Lopez Jaena as the editor of the La
Solidaridad. He also established the Diariong Tagalog, the first nationalist
 newspaper written in Tagalog. His works were Dasalan at Tuksohan, La
Soberania Monacal en Filipinas, and La Frailocracia.
 Mariano Ponce. He was the co-founder and the manager of the La Solidaridad.
Ponce was one of the most active members of the Propaganda Movement with his
work Celebres Filipinos.
4. Elaborate the reasons, objectives, and inspirations of Rizal in writing novels.
 Jose Rizal’s inspirations in writing his novels were the Philippines and the
Filipino people. Rizal used the real condition of the various aspects of Filipino
society under the Spanish regime. He aimed to exposed the ills of the Spaniards.
His objective in writing such novels was to awaken his people with the truths
concerning the ills of their society.
5. Compare and contrast Noli Me Tangere & El Filibusterismo.
 The Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo both depicted the social conditions of
the Philippines under Spanish regime, using satirical and caricatures. However, El
Fili was darker and more serious than the humorous Noli. The Noli exposed the
cruelty and exploitation suffered by the natives under the colonization, while the
El Fili shows the reaction of the society which was awakened and revolutionary.
Also, Noli has idealism and romance, on other hand, El Fili was radical and
revolutionary.
6. Discuss the impact of Rizal’s two great novels to the Filipino national consciousness
or nationalism.
 These two novels had a big impact to the Filipinos then and now. It ignites the
hearts of the Filipinos and resulted to revolutions. Indirectly but significantly,
these novels influenced revolutions such as the Katipunan which was led by
Bonifacio. It was the novel’s depiction of the corruptions and abuses of Spaniards,
also the favorable positive traits of the natives that made the Filipinos have the
sense of national consciousness.