Illustrating Polynomial

Module Equations
14

1
 What I Need to Know

After going through this module, you should be able to demonstrate

understanding of key concepts of polynomial equations, formulate real-life
problems involving these concepts and solve those using variety of strategies.
Furthermore, you should be able to investigate mathematical relationships in
various situations involving polynomial equations. This lesson is good for 2 days.

LEARNING OUTCOMES:

At the end of the 2 days session, this module will help you:

1. define polynomial equations.

2. differentiate polynomial equations from the other equations.
3. formulate your own polynomial equations.

MATERIALS NEEDED:

Algebra Tiles
Calculator

How to Learn from this Module

To achieve the objectives cited above, you are to do the following:

 Take your time reading the lesson carefully.

 Follow the directions and/or instructions in the activities and
exercises diligently.
 Answer all the given tests and exercise.

What I Know
PRE -TEST

Directions: Let us determine how much you already know about polynomial
equations. Take this test. Read and understand the questions below. Select
the best answer to each item then write your choice on your answer sheet. Do
not write anything in this Module.

1. Which of the following represents a polynomial equation?

2
 A. x5 – 1 = 0 B. √x +5 = 0 C. y-2 - 8 = 0 D. x + 4

2. How many terms does x3 - 3 + 2x2 = 0 have?

A. 2 B. 3 C. 4 D. 5

3. Which of the following does NOT belong to the group?

A. cubic equation B. linear equation
C. quadratic equation D. quadratic inequality

4. How would you rewrite (x+2)(x+1) = 0 in standard form?

A. X2 + 3X + 2=0 B. X2 + 2+ 3X=0 C. 3X +X2+ 2=0 D. 2+3x +X2 =0

5. Which of the following are the roots of a polynomial equation x(x+3) (x+4)?
A. 0, -3 and -4 B. 1, 3 and 4 C. 1 and 3 D. 3 and 4

6. Which of the following polynomials can be easily solve by applying the

zero product property?
A. x3 +3x2+2x+3 = 0 B. x3+3x2+2x+3 = 0
2
C. x +2x+1 = 0 D. (x-2) (x+1) = 0

7. What are the roots of polynomial equation (x +1) (x+2) = 0?

A. 0, 1 B. -1,-2 C. -1, 2 D. -1,-2

8. Which of the following equations has three terms?

A. x +1 = 0 B. (x +1) (x +2) = 0 C. x2(x +1) = 0 D. x2(x2 +2) = 0

9. Given polynomial equation (x +5) (x -4) = 0, how may negative real roots does
it have?
A. 0 B. 1 C. 2 D. 3

10. Which of the following equations is the same as (x+1)(x+1) = 0?

A. 5(X +2) = 0 B. X(Y-6) = 0 C. (X-3) (X+2) =0 D. X2+2X+1=0

11. What type of equation is x2 + 5x + 3 = 0?

A. linear B. monomial C. trinomial D. quadratic

12. Which theorem states that any polynomial of degree n has n roots?
A. Factor Theorem B. Fundamental Theorem of Algebra
C. Rational Root Theorem D. Zero Product Property

13. Which of the following can tell you how many positive and many negative
Real roots the polynomial equation has?
A. Descartes Rule of Sign B. Fundamental Theorem of Algebra
C. Rational Root Theorem D. Zero Product Property

14. Which of the following polynomials has a multiplicity of 3 roots?

A. (X +2)3 (X-1)2 B. (X +2)2 (X-1)
C. (X +2) (X-1) D. X(X +3)

15. Which of the following mathematicians introduced the rule on how to count

3
 the number of positive and negative real roots every polynomial has?

A. Blaise Pascal B. James Gregory

C. Karl Friedrich Gauss D. Rene Descartes

If you are done, try to check your pre-assessment. Answer key is provided
by your teacher. If you get a perfect score or 12 out of 15 in the pre-test without
any help from others, you may skip this module lesson. But if you missed few
items or more than three items you may continue doing all the activities at your
own desire. You may submit your rating sheet to your teacher for this pre-test.

4
 Illustrating Polynomial
Lesson Equations
1
What I Need to Know

What comes to your mind when you hear the word polynomial
equations? Have you ever wondered If you actually use it in a real- life
situations? Every activity in this module is designed to help show you where
and when polynomial equation is used in the real world.

This module is an introductory part uniquely designed for you to learn

the following:

COMPETENCY: Illustrates, identifies and defines polynomial equations.

(M10AL-1g-1)

MATERIALS NEEDED:

Algebra Tiles

Calculator

References

Video Links

5
 Let’s begin this lesson by remembering the different mathematics
concepts on equations previously studied from your Grade 9 activities. These
knowledge and skills will help you understand in illustrating polynomial
equation.

6
 What I Know

Let us start our study of this module by reviewing first the

concepts on illustrating polynomial equation, which is one of the skills
needed in the study of this module.

Directions: Find out how much you already know about this lesson.
Choose the letter that you think best answers the question. Please
answer all items. Take note of the items that you were not able to answer
correctly and find the right answer as you go through this module.

1. Which of the following represents a polynomial equation?

A. x2 – 4 = 0 B. √x +5 = 0 C. y-2 - 4 = 0 D. x +2

2. Which of the following is NOT a polynomial?

A cubic equation B. linear equation
C. quadratic equation D. quadratic inequality

3. From the equation x5 - 4 x2 + 5x + 3 = 0, what is the highest exponent of

the polynomial?
A. 2 B. 3 C. 4 D. 5

4. How many terms does 3x4 - 4 + 2x2 - 2x = 0 have?

A. 3 B. 4 C. 5 D. 6

5. Which of the following equations is written in a standard form?

A. 5(X +2) = 0 B. X(Y-6) = 0 C. (X-3)(X+2)=0 D. X2 + 2X + 1= 0

Given x2 X
1
6. What polynomial is
shown by this set ?

A. 3X2 + 3X + 1= 0 B. 3X2 + 2X + 1= 0
C. 2X2 + 3X + 2=0 D. 2X2 + 2X + 2= 0

7. Which of the following polynomial equations is written in standard form?

A. X2 + 3X + 2=0 B. X2 - 2+ 3X=0 C. 3X -X2+ 2=0 D. 2-3x +X2 =0

8. Which of the following is the leading coefficient of 3x(x2–36) = 0?

A. 2 B. 3 C. 4 D. 36
9. Which of the following is NOT an example of a polynomial?
A. x2 – 4 = 0 B. √x +5 = 0 C. y2 - 4 = 0 D. x + 2

10. Which of the following mathematician discovered the relationship between

the number of roots which are the same with the number of the degree of
a polynomial equation?
 A. Blaise Pascal B. James Gregory
C. Karl Friedrich Gauss D. Rene Descartes

11. What do you call this equation x2 + 5x + 3 = 0?

A. linear B. monomial C. trinomial D. quadratic

12. What is the constant term of the polynomial 4x 3 +4x2-5x + 4=0?

A. 3 B. 4 C. 5 D. 6

13. In a polynomial equation 4x3 +3x2-2x + 3=0, what is the leading term?
A. 4x3 B. x3 C. 4 D. 3

14. Which of the following is NOT true about a polynomial?

A. It contains a plus or minus sign between each term.
B. It contains a constant term, or it can be a constant term.
C. It contains a variable in the denominator
D. Its exponents are all positive.
15. Which of the following describes an expression x 3 + x2 + ¾x + 5 = 0?
A. constant monomial B. cubic trinomial
C. linear binomial D. cubic polynomial

What’s In
 Let us start this lesson by recalling a linear and quadratic equation.
The knowledge and skills in doing this activity will help you a lot in
understanding the polynomial equation. In going over this lesson, you will
be able to identify a polynomial equation and represent it in different ways.

ACTIVITY 1. PLAY AND LEARN!

STEPS:

1. Choose any number.

2. Multiply your number by a constant 3.
3. Add the sum of your number and 8 to the number you got when you
multiplied.
4. Divide by the sum of your number and 2.
5. The answer is always 4.
Let’s Try This!

1. Choose 5 Let x=5

2. Multiply 5 by 3 = 5x3=15 x(3) =3x
3. Add (5+8) + 15 =28 (X+8)+3x = 4x+8
4. Divide 28 by (5+2) =7 4x+8 the value of
x+2
X=4

Did you enjoy the activity? Try another one if you have time, you just
follow the steps above. The expression (4x + 8) and (x + 2) at the right of
the table describes a polynomial.

From the previous modules, you have learned how to derive a

polynomial equation by finding the product of two terms or just one term.
Fundamental Theorem of Algebra states that any polynomial equation of
degree n has n roots. A polynomial equation has several types such as:

1. Linear Equations
An equation which has only one variable term. It can be expressed
as ax +b = 0, where a and b are real numbers.
Example: 2x + 1= 0
2. Quadratic Equations
An equation which has only two variable terms. It can be expressed
in the algebraic form as ax2 + bx + c = 0.
Example: 5x2 + 2x + 1 = 0

3. Cubic Equations
An equation which has only three variable terms.
Example: x3 + 2x2 + x +4 = 0

4. Polynomial Equations
A polynomial of degree 4 it has also 4 real roots
Example: x4 + x3 + 2x2 + x +4

5. Other polynomials equations with larger degrees.

Example: x20 – 1= 0

Observe that the different types presented is in the form of

a0 xn + a1 xn-1 +……..+ an-2 x2 + an-1 x + an.

Therefore, a polynomial must NOT have the following:

a. Negative exponent
b. Variable in the denominator
c. Fractional exponent

Some examples are shown below.

Examples Polynomial /NOT Reasons
Polynomial
1. x+2 = 0 Polynomial Linear Equation
NOT Polynomial It has a variable in the
2. x2 + = 0 denominator
3. y -3 + y + 2 = 0 NOT Polynomial It has a negative exponent.
4. √x – 5 = 0 NOT Polynomial The exponent of x is ½
5. ½ x2 - 1 = 0 Polynomial Quadratic/ Binomial
Equation

You can watch also this video link: www.eHow Education.com// How to
describe a polynomial equation for more information.

ACTIVITY 2. WHAT MAKES ME TRUE?

Direction: Determine whether each expression is a polynomial or NOT.

1. x2 + 2x + 1 = 0 6. ½ x2 - 1 = 0 11. 2x2 + 3x + 1 = 0

2. 5x3 + = 0 7. ¾ x4 y3 -21x = 0 12. x2 + √x – 8 = 0

3. 5x -2 + 5 = 0 8. 9 + √x – 3 = 0 13. ¼ x-3 = 0
 4. 10x + 2x + 1 = 0 9. √y + 2 = 0 14. -3=0

5. -x2 + 10 = 0 10.¼ x3 + 2x = 0 15. X20 – 1 = 0

How did you find the activity? Were you able to describe and
illustrate polynomials?

If you get a perfect score or 12 out of 15 in this activity without any help
from others, you may skip this module lesson. But if you missed few items or more
than three items you may continue doing all the activities at your own desire or try
another activity in the next section.
What’s New
Let’s explore!

Based on Mendel’s experiment in genetic breeding, certain traits results

from the pairing of two genes, one from the male parent and one from the female.
We can use expressions to summarize the possible outcomes of an experiment.
For example, suppose a white gumamela flower has a genotype WW, a red
gumamela flower has a genotype RR, and a pink gumamela flower has a
genotype WR Each letter represents one of two genes that make up the
characteristics.
The two bred flowers offspring can be expressed using an algebra model
called a Punnet square.

R RW RR
PARENT # 1

W W R
WW WR
PARENT # 2

The sum of the possible results for four

offspring can be written as WW + WR + WR + RR; that is, one white, two pink
and one red-gumamela flower.
Suppose we substitute x for W and y for R. The result would be a sum of four
monomials, xx + xy + xy + yy, or x 2 +2xy + y2. The two monomials xy and xy can
be combined because they are like terms. Like terms are two monomials that
are the same or differ only by their numerical coefficients.

The expression x2 + 2xy + y2 is called a polynomial. A polynomial is a

monomial or a sum of monomials. A polynomial must be in the form of a 0 xn + a1
xn-1 +……..+ an-2 x2 + an-1 x + an.

For more details, refer to this video link https://MathHelp.com./Solving

Polynomial Equations

ACTIVITY 1. MATCH ME WITH MY EQUATIONS?

Directions: Refer to the previous presentation on types of Polynomial

Equations of page 3 of this module in order to answer the
following activity. Put the letter of the given equation in the
diagram below where you think it belongs.

a. X5 -X4 –X + 2 = 0 f. ½ X2 –X + 2 = 0 k. x3 +3x2+2x+3=0

b. 5X3 + 3X2 –X + 1 = 0 g. 5X2 –2X + 3 = 0 l. 5X5 – 3 = 0

c. ¾ X + 5 = 0 h. 2X4 - 1 = 0 m. -x2 + 5 = 0
d. 7X3 + 4X -12 = 0 i. 5X – 3 = 0 n. 4x2 - 8 = 0

e.-2X3 + 7X – 2 = 0 j. X20 – 1 = 0 o. X100 – 1 = 0

Linear equation
Quadratic
(ax + c = 0)
Equation
2
(ax +bx +c = 0)
________
_______
________
_______

other polynomials with

higher degree
(an-1xn-1+ an-2xn-2 +……) Quartic polynomial
________ Equation
Cubic ________ (ax3+ ax3 + ax2 + ax + c
polynomial equation = 0)
(ax3 + ax2 + ax + c = ________
0) ________
___________

_______

In the activity you have just done, were you able to identify different
types of polynomial equations? Were you able to describe each type? These
equations have common characteristics and you will learn more of these in
the succeeding activities in the next session.
 What Is It
Before doing the tasks ahead, read and understand first some
important notes on polynomial equations and the examples presented.
 STEPS FIGURE/ EXPRESSION/ EQUATION DISCUSSION
DESCRIB A polynomial is one

No. of terms
Polynomial

degree

Name based
Name using

on no. of
ING term or the sum or

degree

terms
POLYNO difference of two or more
MIAL terms.
Equation From the examples, a
3x 1 linear 2 binomial polynomial can be name
Step 1 +4 by its degree and terms.
2x2+ 2 quadrati 3 Trinomial Recommended link
Enumerat 2x+1 c /cubic www.study.com//Forming
e types of 4x3 3 cubic 1 monomial Polynomial equation with
polynomia roots.
5 0 constan 1 monomial
l t

Step 2 Based on the formula

a0 xn + a1 xn-1 +……..+ an-2 x2 + an-1 x + a polynomial has the
Show the an. following properties:
formula
a. NO negative
exponent
Example1.
x3 - 4x+2x2 +7 b. NO variable in the
3
x 3 degree denominator
- 4x 1 degree
2x2 2 degree c. NO fractional
7 0 degree exponent

For a term that has

only one variable the.
degree of term is the
exponent of the variable.
The degree of the
constant is 0.

The degree of the

polynomial is the same
as the degree of the term
with the highest degree.

The example in the

chart is NOT in standard
form.

Step 3 Polynomial Standard The first example has

form two terms. which is
Describe Example 1. 2x-5 2x-5 already in standard form.
examples
Example 2. In the 2nd example,
3x4 – 4 + 2x2 3x + 2x4 2
– 4 the highest degree is 4.
Write it as the first term,
Example 3. then you must
- 2x +5 - 4x2 + x3 x3 - 4x2 - 2x interchange the 2nd and
+5 3rd term to have a
standard form. Thus, the
Example 4. degree is arranged from
STEPS FIGURE/ EXPRESSION/ EQUATION DISCUSSION
WRITIN Polynomial Standard To transform
G form polynomial into a
POLYNO Example 1. 2x-5 2x-5 standard form, identify
MIAL IN the number of terms and
STANDA
Example 2. arrange the degrees in
RD
FORM 3x4 – 4 + 2x2 3x4 + 2x2 – 4 decreasing order. In the
first example it has two
Step 1 Example 3. terms, which is already
- 2x +5 - 4x2 + x3 x3 - 4x2 - 2x in standard form.
Identify +5
the Example 4. In the 2nd example,
number 2x + x8 - 1 x8 + 2x -1 the highest degree is 4.
of terms Write it as the first term,
and the Example 2. 3x4 – 4 + 2x2 then you must
highest interchange the 2nd and
degree. 3rd term to have a
2nd term 3rd term standard form. Thus, the
Step 2 interchange degree is arranged from
Arrange Standard form 3x4 + 2x2 – 4 highest to lowest. Same
the process for the
terms examples 3 and 4. For
with more details watch a
degrees video link through
from www.eHowEducation.
highest com//How to describe a
to lowest polynomial equation.

Now that you have a deeper understanding of the topic, you are
ready to do the tasks in the next activity.

What’s More
In this section, you will be given an activity that test if you have understood the previous lesson by
performing the tasks leading to the formula of polynomial equation.

Guided/Controlled Practice: ACTIVITY 1. Math Henyo (TEXTTIFY

ME) 5 points.

Direction: CREATE the polynomial equation illustrated by the statements below.

1. I am a polynomial with three terms written in standard form.

2. The coefficients of my variable x is 1.
3. My constant term is -2.
4. I have two real roots (positive and negative)
5. Create Me!

Answer: ________________________________________________

Independent Practice: ACTIVITY 1. COMBINE MY PARTS. (5 points each)

Direction: Write a mathematical equation of each from the model below.

x
-x 1
Given x 2
-x2 -1

1._____________________ 2._____________________ 3. _____________________________

Now that you know the important ideas about the topic, let’s go
deeper by moving to the next section.

What I Have Learned

ACTIVITY 1. LEAD ME TO THE FORMULA!

 Directions: Use the situation in the box to answer the questions that follow.
Mr. Opalla, one of the farmers in Impasugong would like to enclose his
rectangular garden whose length is 4 more than twice its width. The area of
the garden is 240m2.

width( x)

Length (2x + 4)

1. How would you represent the length of the garden?

A. x B. 2x C. 2x-4 D. 2x+4

2 .What mathematical sentence would represent the width of the garden?

A. x B. 2x C. 2x-4 D. 2x+4

3. What equation will you use in finding the dimensions of the garden?
A. x + (x+4) =240 B. x - (x+4) =240 C. x (x+4)=240 D. x (x+4)=240

4. Which of the following strategies is appropriate in finding the dimensions of

the garden?
A. Factor Theorem B. Rational Root Theorem
C. Fundamental Theorem of Algebra D. Zero Product Property

5. How would you describe the equations formulated from the situation above?
A. Linear equation B. Polynomial equation
C. Linear inequality D. all of the above

In the activity you have just done, were you able to identify and
describe polynomial equation and its parts? Was there any point in your life
that you realized that you use polynomial equations in solving real-life
problems and in making right decisions? Before moving to the next section, let
us review first the previous lessons. Examples of how to do it is found in the
section of what is It.

ACTIVITY 2. FOLLOW MY DESTINY!

Direction: Write the polynomial equation in standard form.

POLYNOMIAL EQUATION STANDARD FORM

1. ½ X2 –X + 2 = 0 1.
2. 3X2 + 5X3 + 3X4–X + 1 = 0 2.
3. 2 X2 + X4 + 4X+1= 0 3.
4. – X2 + 5X -10 = 0 4.
5. 6X-2x2 + 3x4 + 2 = 0 5.
ACTIVITY 3. DESCRIBE ME IN MANY WAYS!

Direction: Supply the missing word to make the statement true.

1. A _______________ is a monomial or a sum of monomials.

2. The monomials that make up the polynomials are called the _________.
3. The _______________is the sum of the exponents of its leading/first term
variables.
4. The degree of the polynomial is the same with the _______________
according to Karl Friedrich Gauss (1777-1895).
5. An equation which has only one variable term is _____________.

Your goal in this section is to take a closer look at some aspects of

this topic. You are going to think deeper and test further your
understanding of solving problems in polynomials that involve a real –life
situation. After doing the following activities, you should be able to
answer this question: “How do polynomial equations facilitate in solving
real-life problems and in making decisions?”

What I Can Do

APPLICATION

ACTIVITY 1. MAKE IT REAL!

Direction: Refer to the figure below and answer the questions that follow.

2
3

15
Questions:

1. Suppose the area of square 1 is 4y2 square units and the perimeter of
square 2 is 4y, what is the area of square 3?

_______________________________________________________

2. If the area of square 3 is 9x2 what is the dimension of square 2?

 _______________________________________________________

ACTIVITY 2. CONSTRUCT ME.

APPLICATION

Directions: Suppose you were trying to model the product (x + 2) (x + 3).

a. Draw a rectangle to represent each type of monomial in the

product (5 points).

b. Write a polynomial equation / product (5 points).

In working on problems and explanation in this section, you

studied the key ideas and principles to illustrate polynomial equations.
These concepts will be used in the next activity which will require you to
find the roots of polynomial equation and illustrate a real –life
application of a polynomial equation.

Assessment

Guided Assessment: ACTIVITY 1. DIY (DO IT YOURSELF).

Direction: Fill in the table below by answering the given question.

How can the

knowledge of
What I know What Interest Me What I Learned polynomial
equations help
us solve the real-
life problem
 RUBRICS FOR THE PERFORMANCE TASK

Categories Excellent Satisfactory Developing Beginning

Mathematical Demonstrates Demonstrates Demonstrates Shows lack of

Concept a thorough a satisfactory incomplete understanding
understanding understanding understanding and have
of the topic of the concepts and has some severe
misconception misconception
s

Mathematical The The The The

Justification explanation explanation explanation explanation
and reasoning and reasoning and reasoning and reasoning
are very clear, are clear, are vague/ not are vague/ not
precise and precise and clear, but it clear, but and
coherent. It coherent. It included facts it didn’t
included facts included facts and principles include facts
and principles and principles related to and principles
related to related to polynomial related to
polynomial polynomial equation polynomial
equation equation equation

Score 15 10 7 5

If you are done, check your work. Rate your work by using the rubrics.
However, if your rate is developing or beginning review again the previous
activities before moving to the next activity.

Independent Assessment: ACTIVITY 1. RELATE THEN CONNECT.

Direction: Determine whether or Not each expression is a polynomial. Then

state the degree. (5 points).
 1. =0 ____________________ _____________________

2. X4 -3x3 = 0 ____________________ _____________________

Additional Activities

ACTIVITY 1. WHICH IS WHICH?

Direction: Use mathematical sentences below to answer the questions that

follow.

1. 2x2 + 2x + 1 = 0 6. ½ x3 - 1 = 0 11. 2x2 + 3x + 1 = 0

2. 5x4 + = 0 7. ¾ x4 y3 -21x = 0 12. X3 + √x – 8 = 0

3. 8x -3 + 5 = 0 8. 4 + √x – 3 = 0 13. ¼ x -3 = 0

4. 13x3 + 2x + 1 = 0 9. √y + 2 = 0 14. -2=0

5. –x6 + 7 = 0 10.¼ x4 + 2x = 0 15. X20 – 4 = 0

Questions:

1. Which of the given mathematical sentences are polynomial? (3points).

____________________________________________________________
2. How do you describe polynomial equation? (3points).
____________________________________________________________
3. Which of the given are NOT polynomial? Why? (3points).
 _______________________________________________
_____________
4. How would you describe those mathematical sentences
which are not
polynomial equations? (3points).
____________________________________________________________
5. How are those mathematical sentences which are not polynomial equations
different from those equations which are polynomial?
(3points).

This lesson was about Polynomial Equations and how they are
illustrated in the real life. In this lesson, you were able to identify and
describes polynomial equations more importantly, you were given a
chance to formulate and solve real-life problems and demonstrate your

Assessment: (Post Test)

Directions. Let us determine how much you alreay know about polynomial
equations. Take this test. Read and understand the questions below. Select
the best answer to each item then write your choice on your answer sheet. Do
not write anything in this Module.

1. Which of the following is NOT an example of a polynomial?

A. x2 – 4 = 0 B. √x +5 = 0 C. y-2 - 4 = 0 D. x +2

2. From the equation x3 - 4 x2 + 5x + 3 = 0, what is the highest degree of a

polynomial?
A. 0 B. 1 C. 2 D. 3

3. Rewrite (x+1) (x+1) in standard form?

A. 5(X +2) = 0 B. X(Y-6) = 0 C. (X-3)(X+2)=0 D. X2 + 2X + 1= 0

Given x2 X
1

4. What polynomial is shown by this set?

A. 2X2 + 3X + 1= 0 B. 2X2 + 2X + 1= 0
C. X2 + 3X + 1=0 D. X2 + 2X + 1= 0

5. Which of the following is NOT true about a polynomial?

A. It has an exponent or degree.
B. It contains a variable in the denominator.
C. It contains a plus or minus sign between each term.
D. It contains a constant term, or it can be a constant term.

6. Which of the following describes an expression x 3 + x2 + ¾x + 5 = 0?

 A. constant monomial B. cubic trinomial
C. linear binomial D. quartic polynomial

7. Which of the following is the leading coefficient of 2x(x2–36) = 0?

A. X B. 2 C. 3 D. 3

8. How many roots does x(x - 4) (x +5) (x2 + 2x + 1) = 0?

A 3 B. 4 C. 5 D. 6

9. Which of the following mathematician discovered the relationship between

the number of roots which are the same with the number of the degree of
a polynomial equation?
A. Blaise Pascal B. James Gregory
C. Karl Friedrich Gauss D. Rene Descartes

10. What do you call this equation x2 + 5x + 3 = 0?

A. linear B. monomial C. trinomial D. quadratic

11. What is the constant term of the polynomial 4x 3 +4x2-5x + 4=0?

A. 3 B. 4 C. 5 D. 6

12. In a polynomial equation 4x3 +3x2-2x + 3=0, what is the leading term?
A. 4x3 B. x3 C. 4 D. 3

13. In a polynomial equation 4x3 +3x2-2x + 3=0, how many changes of sign
between the terms does it have?
A. 2 B. 3 C. 4 D. 5

14. Using the Descartes Rule of Sign how many positive real roots a
polynomial equation 4x3 +4x2-5x + 4=0 has?
A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4

15. What do you call a statement that needs to be proven?

A. definition B. postulate C. statement D. theorem

40

If you are done, try to check your post-test. Answer key is provided in
this module. If you get a perfect score or 12 out of 15 in the post test without
any help from others, you are now ready to study the next module. But if you
missed few items or more than 5 items you may review all the activities at
your own desire. You may submit your rating sheet to your teacher for this
post-test.
Congratulations! You have finished the activities in lesson 1. You are a
great Learner!

Best of luck in the next module.

Summary/Synthesis/Generalization

This lesson was about Polynomial Equation. In this module, you

were able to illustrate, identify, and describe polynomial equations; apply
different theorems in finding the roots of polynomial equations. More
importantly, you were given a chance to formulate and solve real-life
problems and demonstrate your understanding of the lesson by doing
some practical tasks.

You have learned the following:

TYPES OF POLYNOMIAL EQUATION

1. Monomial Equations or Linear Equations

An equation which has only one variable term. It can be expressed as
ax +b = 0, where a and b are real numbers. Example: 2x + 1= 0

2. Binomial Equations or Quadratic Equations

An equation which has only two variable terms. It can be expressed in
the algebraic form as ax2 + bx + c = 0. Example: 5x2 + 2x + 1 = 0

3. Trinomial or Cubic Equations

An equation which has only three variable terms.
Example: x3 + 2x2 + x +4 = 0

4. Quartic Polynomials
A polynomial of degree 4, it has also 4 real roots
Example: x3 + 2x2 + x +4

5. Other polynomials with or more than 4 degree.

Example: x20 – 1= 0
LIST OF THEOREMS IN THIS MODULE

1. Fundamental Theorem of Algebra

Any polynomial of degree n has n roots. The degree of a polynomial
with one variable is the largest exponent of that variable. A polynomial of
degree 3 will have 3 roots (places where the polynomial is equal to zero. A
polynomial of degree 4 will have 4 roots and soon.

2. Zero Product Property

States that if ab = 0, then either a = 0 or b = 0 (or both). A Product of
factors is zero if and only if one or more of the factors is zero.

3. Factor Theorem
States that a polynomial f(x) has a factor (x-r) if and only if f(r) = 0.
Then r is the root. Finding the root is the same as finding the factors.

4. Rational Root Theorem

States that each rational solution x = p/q written in lowest terms so that
p and q are relatively prime. p is an integer factor of the constant term and q is
an integer factor of the leading coefficients.

5. Descartes Rule of Sign

Can tell you how many positive and many negative real roots the
polynomial equation has.

GLOSSARY OF TERMS

MONOMIAL – An expression that is a number, a variable, or the product of a

number and one or more variables.
Examples: 5c, -a, 17x3, ½x4y3z2
LIKE TERMS – Are two monomials that are the same or differ only by their
numerical coefficients.
Examples: xy and xy, x3 and 6x3
EQUATION - A sentence in mathematics that contain an equal sign.
Examples: x = 0, 2X-5= 0, 12x 3 + 5x2 ˗ 2 = 0
POLYNOMIALS – A monomial or the sum of monomials.
Examples: 12x +4, 3x3 + 2x2 ˗ 2
DEGREE OF A POLYNOMIAL– An exponent in the leading term.

POLYNOMIAL EQUATION – An equation of one or more than one term.

THEOREM – A statement that needs to be proven.

References and Website Links Used In This Module

Allan E Bellman, et Al. Algebra 2 Prentice Hall Mathematics, Pearson Prentice

Hall, New Jersey USA, 2004

Robbie Bonneville, Cindy J. Boyd, Eva Gates, Beatrice Moore-Harris, and

Melissa McClure, Algebra 2 (Integration, Applications and Connections).
McGraw-Hill, Companies Inc., New York, New York, 1998.

Website Links for References and for Learning Activities

BrownMath.com. Algebra Polynomial solving. (2002). Retrieved May 23, 2020 from
http://www.BrownMath.com/Algebra/Polynomial Solving by Stan Brown

Paul’s Online Notes.com. Algebra Polynomial Functions, Roots of Polynomial. (2003).

https://www.Paul’s Online Notes.com/Algebra/Polynomial Functions/Zeroes/Roots
of Polynomial by Paul Dawkins

Wikipedia.org.com Rational Theorem. https:// en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php? title=Rational

root theorem & oldid=958695789

Varsity Tutors.com. Zero Product Property. (2007). https://www.VarsityTutors.com/The Zero

Product Property

MathIsfun.com. Fundamental Theorem of Algebra. (2017).

https://www.MathIsFun.com/Fundamental theorem of Algebra

Tutorial.math.lamar.edu.com Zeroes of Polynomials.

https://tutorial.math.lamar.edu/classes.com/Alg/zeroesOfPolynomials.aspx

Website Links for Videos

MathHelp, “Solving Polynomial Equations”October 23, 2007, video, 2:50,

https://MathHelp.com./Solving Polynomial Equations, Retrieved May 22,
2020

BRIAN MCLOGAN, “Finding all the roots of a polynomial:How to find all the roots of
a polynomial by factoring December 11, 2015, video, 3:21
http://www.freemathvideos.com/ How to find all the roots of a polynomial by
factoring. Retrieved May 22, 2020
For inquiries and feedback, please write or call:

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