National Oil Corporation

Libyan Petroleum Institute

Crude oil assay

Amna crude oil

Work Order No. LPI- 00344/11/IL02/2008

Client: National Oil Corporation
Date of Issue: Nov., 2008
Prepared by:
Industrial Laboratories & Production Technologies Department

All copyrights are reserved to (NOC and LPI). Neither this report nor any part may be
reproduced or transmitted in any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying,
microfilming and recording or by any information storage and retrieval system, nor the
included data and results used, without the written permission of (NOC and LPI).
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Document No. LPI-LAB-004-04

Amna Crude Oil

Evaluation of Amna Crude Oil

This assay is a part of a series of crude oil evaluation reports have been prepared for
Crude oil marketing department of National Oil Corporation. A bout 60 Liters of
Crude oil sample was collected from Sirt oil Company. A homogenous sample has
been collected on 4 th August 2008 from shipping line at Rasslanuf terminal, the
sample was collected according to standard method ASTM D4057.

The analysis of crude oil sample was carried out using well recognized standard
procedures given in ASTM, IP and UOP methods. The distillation of crude oil was
carried out using a batch fractionation unit made according to ASTM D-2892 method
& ASTM D-1160 method.

The crude oil was distilled under atmospheric and vacuum pressure and the
atmospheric residue was further distilled to obtain distillate fractions. Distillate
fractions corresponding to true boiling point up to 550+0C were collected.

List of Tables

Table 1 Crude oil General Tests

Table 2 TBP Distillation of Crude Oil
Table 3 Detailed Hydrocarbon Analysis of (70-175 oC) Fraction
Table 4 Detailed Hydrocarbon Analysis by Group Types
Table 5 Detailed Hydrocarbon Analysis by Carbon Number
Table 6 GC-Carbon Distribution of Crude Oil
Table 7 Yield and Inspection of Light Naphtha Cut
Table 8 Yield and Inspection of Heavy Naphtha
Table 9 Yield and Inspection of Kerosene Cut
Table 10 Yield and Inspection of Atmospheric Gas Oil Cut
Table 11 Yield and Inspection of Vacuum Gas Oil Cut
Table 12 Atmospheric Residue 350+ 0C
Table 13 Vacuum Residue 550+ 0C
Appendix TBP Graphical Data of Crude Oil

Libyan Petroleum Institute; Gargarish Road-km7 P.O. Box: 6431 Tel: 4830022-27 / 4836821-23 Fax: 4830031-4836820
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Document No. LPI-LAB-004-04

Amna Crude Oil

TABLE (1)
CRUDE OIL GENERAL TESTS

DESCRIPTION METHOD

Density@ 15 ºC, g/ml 0.8396 ASTM D-4052

Specific gravity@60/60 0F 0.8405 Calculation
API gravity 36.9 Calculation
Flash point ( PMCC ), oC <-35 ASTM D-93
Reid vapour pressure, psi 4.9 ASTM D-323
Hydrogen sulphide, ppm 1.27 IP 103
Water and sediment content, vol.% 0.15 ASTM D-4007
Sulphur content, wt.% 0.112 ASTM D-4294
Pour point, oC +18 ASTM D-97
Kinematic viscosity @ 70 oF, cSt - ASTM D-445
@ 100 oF, cSt 10.6215 ASTM D-445
Asphaltenes content, wt.% 0.28 IP 143
Conradson carbon residue, wt. % 1.86 ASTM D-189
Ash content, wt.% 0.008 ASTM D-482
Characterisation factor 12.3 UOP 375
Salt content (as Nacl) mg/l 11.7 IP 77
Vanadium, ppm 0.318 ASTM D 5708
Nickel, ppm 3.171 ASTM D 5708
Calcium, ppm 0.911 Dry ashing
Potassium, ppm 0.149 Dry ashing

Libyan Petroleum Institute; Gargarish Road-km7 P.O. Box: 6431 Tel: 4830022-27 / 4836821-23 Fax: 4830031-4836820
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Document No. LPI-LAB-004-04

Amna Crude Oil

Continued Table-1

Distillation Characteristics ºC METHOD

IBP @ 760mmHg 54
5% 108
10% 133
20% 187
30% 246
40% 297
50% 344 ASTM D-86
60% 365 Modified
70% 368
80% -
FBP 371
Recovery % vol. 72
Residue % vol. 27
Loss % vol. 1.0

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Document No. LPI-LAB-004-04

Amna Crude Oil

Table (2)
TBP Distillation of Crude Oil

Yield Cumulative Yield Specific Gravity @

Cut Temp ◦C 60/60ºF
wt.% vol.% wt.% vol.%
Condensate 0.90 1.32 0.90 1.32 0.5736
C5 - 70 3.75 4.80 4.65 6.12 0.6571
70 - 90 2.57 3.02 7.22 9.14 0.6956
90 - 110 2.52 2.89 9.74 12.03 0.7149
110 - 130 3.04 3.49 12.78 15.52 0.7321
130 - 150 3.25 3.62 16.03 19.15 0.7537
150 - 175 3.27 3.58 19.30 22.73 0.7669
175 - 195 3.11 3.33 22.41 26.06 0.7838
195 - 215 2.97 3.12 25.38 29.19 0.7989
215 - 235 3.33 3.46 28.71 32.65 0.8096
235 - 255 3.31 3.39 32.02 36.04 0.8199
255 - 275 3.81 3.89 35.83 39.93 0.8229
275 - 295 3.67 3.72 39.50 43.65 0.8286
295 - 315 3.55 3.58 43.05 47.23 0.8337
315 - 335 3.32 3.32 46.37 50.56 0.8398
335 - 350 2.41 2.40 48.78 52.95 0.8447
350 - 370 3.28 3.25 52.06 56.20 0.8494
370 - 400 4.27 4.19 56.33 60.39 0.8558
400 - 440 5.00 4.86 61.33 65.25 0.8646
440 - 460 3.04 2.92 64.37 68.18 0.8743
460 - 480 3.13 2.99 67.50 71.16 0.8804
480 - 500 2.55 2.41 70.05 73.58 0.8878
500 - 520 2.96 2.79 73.01 76.37 0.8923
520 - 550 2.55 2.38 75.56 78.75 0.8992
550+ 24.44 21.25 100.00 100.00 0.9665

Libyan Petroleum Institute; Gargarish Road-km7 P.O. Box: 6431 Tel: 4830022-27 / 4836821-23 Fax: 4830031-4836820
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Document No. LPI-LAB-004-04

Amna Crude Oil

Table (3)
Detailed Hydrocarbon Analysis of 70-175 oC Fraction (ASTM D5134)
PIONA Analysis (Identified Compounds Listed in Chromatographic order)

Compounds Wt% Vol.% Mol.% Compounds Wt% Vol.% Mol.%

Isobutane 0.166 0.223 0.333 Toluene 0.556 0.522 0.578

n-C4 0.450 0.576 0.903 n-C8 1.765 1.867 1.802
3-Methyl-1-Butene 0.401 0.475 0.667 2,2DMC7 0.109 0.113 0.099
n-C5 0.634 0.752 1.025 2M4EC6 3.088 3.277 2.808
2,3DMC4 0.495 0.556 0.670 1,1 ,3TMCC6 0.738 0.709 0.682
3MC5 0.361 0.404 0.488 m-Xylene 1.804 1.553 1.982
n-C6 1.914 2.156 2.590 p-Xylene 3.209 2.772 3.525
2,4DMC5 0.190 0.209 0.219 3,3 ,4TMC6 1.245 1.250 1.132
2,2,3TMC4 1.060 1.142 1.227 4EC7 0.426 0.438 0.387
C6? 0.333 0.375 0.450 ctc-1,2,4TMCC6 0.149 0.141 0.138
2MC6 0.498 0.545 0.576 3,3-DEC5 0.101 0.099 0.091
1,1DMCC5 0.130 0.128 0.154 O-xylene+1,1,2TMCC6 0.324 0.274 0.356
Benzene 2.257 1.909 3.370 TMC6 (2)? 1.291 1.323 1.147
2,2,4-TMC5 2.500 2.710 2.553 n-C9 11.216 11.625 10.199
n-C7 2.785 3.028 3.224 n-BCC5 2.176 2.063 2.010
cis-1,2DMCC5 0.862 0.835 1.024 3,3DMC8 0.981 0.988 0.804
MCC6 0.820 0.792 0.974 n-Pbenzene 1.910 1.648 1.853
cis-2-Heptene 0.204 0.214 0.242 1M3Ebenzene 0.900 0.775 0.873
1,1,3-TMCC5 1.486 1.486 1.545 C9? 0.119 0.124 0.108
ECC5 10.470 10.158 12.437 5MC9 2.062 2.106 1.690
2,3,3-TMC5 7.088 7.301 7.237 1M2Ebenzene 1.384 1.170 1.343
1,1,2-TMCC5 0.724 0.701 0.753 2MC9 0.299 0.306 0.245
3,4DMC6(L) 0.418 0.434 0.426 3EC8 1.034 1.039 0.847
3MC7 0.417 0.439 0.426 3MC9 1.354 1.373 1.110
cis-1.3DMCC6 0.386 0.377 0.401 C9? 0.574 0.595 0.522
1,1DMCC6 0.608 0.583 0.632 n-C10 10.437 10.635 8.555
C7? 0.142 0.155 0.165 1,2,3TMEbenzene 0.700 0.586 0.680

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Document No. LPI-LAB-004-04

Amna Crude Oil

Continued Table-3

Compounds Wt% Vol.% Mol.% Compounds Wt% Vol.% Mol.%

2,2,4TMC6 0.638 0.667 0.581 1M3IsoPbenzene 0.169 0.146 0.147

1,2,5DEbenzene 0.723 0.612 0.629 1M2n-Pbenzene+Unidentified 0.463 0.394 0.402
1M3IsoPbenzene 0.169 0.146 0.147 C11 Paraffin 2? 0.349 0.353 0.260
C11 Paraffin 3? 1.761 1.780 1.314 1,3DM4Ebenzene 0.815 0.696 0.708
1,4DM2Ebenzene 0.370 0.314 0.321 C11? 0.401 0.403 0.300
C10? 1.767 1.801 1.448 Tert-1B2Mbenzene 0.092 0.080 0.073
1-Undecene 0.223 0.223 0.169 n-C11 4.480 4.502 3.343
Total 100.00 100.00 100.00

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Document No. LPI-LAB-004-04

Amna Crude Oil

Table (4)
Detailed Hydrocarbon Analysis of 70-175 oC Fraction (ASTM D5134)
PIONA Analysis (Hydrocarbon totals by group types)

Group Types Wt% Vol.% Mol.%

Total Aromatics 15.121 12.929 16.262

Total Iso-Paraffins 27.763 28.851 26.366
Total Naphthenes 19.105 18.494 21.327
Total Olefins 0.828 0.911 1.078
Total n-Paraffins 33.846 35.363 31.974
Total Unknowns 3.337 3.452 2.993
Total 100.00 100.00 100.00

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Document No. LPI-LAB-004-04

Amna Crude Oil

Table (5)
Detailed Hydrocarbon Analysis of 70-175 oC Fraction (ASTM D5134)
PIONA Analysis (Totals by Carbon Number)

Group Wt% Vol.% Mol.% Ave. Mw. Ave. Sp.Gr

Butanes 0.615 0.798 1.235 58.105 0.577

Pentanes 1.036 1.226 1.693 71.354 0.632
Hexanes 5.360 5.399 7.569 82.587 0.743
Heptanes 17.160 17.205 20.242 98.868 0.746
Octane’s 21.285 21.020 22.215 111.745 0.757
Nonane’s 26.765 26.602 24.682 126.471 0.753
Decanes 20.474 20.409 16.907 141.228 0.750
C11’s 7.306 7.340 5.457 156.140 0.745
Total 100.00 100.00 100.00 116.627 0.748

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Document No. LPI-LAB-004-04

Amna Crude Oil

Table (6)
GC-Carbon Distribution of Crude Oil

Compounds Wt.% Mol.% Fraction MW MW Calculation

C3 0.77 2.14 44.10 0.95

iC4 0.95 2.01 58.12 1.17
nC4 3.05 6.44 58.12 3.74
iC5 3.39 5.77 72.15 4.16
nC5 3.39 5.76 72.15 4.16
C6 6.68 9.52 86.18 8.20
C7 10.79 13.21 100.21 13.24
C8 12.88 13.84 114.23 15.81
C9 10.25 9.81 128.26 12.58
C10 9.07 7.83 142.29 11.14
C11 6.95 5.46 156.30 8.53
C12 5.41 3.90 170.30 6.64
C13 4.90 3.26 184.40 6.02
C14 4.84 3.00 198.40 5.94
C15 3.96 2.29 212.40 4.86
C16 2.70 1.46 226.40 3.31
C17 1.73 0.88 240.50 2.13
C18 1.98 0.95 254.50 2.43
C19 1.62 0.74 268.50 1.99
C20 0.82 0.36 282.60 1.00
C21 0.76 0.31 296.58 0.93
C22 0.54 0.21 310.61 0.66

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Document No. LPI-LAB-004-04

Amna Crude Oil

Continued Table-6

Compounds Wt.% Mol.% Fraction MW MW Calculation

C23 0.45 0.17 324.64 0.55

C24 0.44 0.16 338.66 0.54
C25 0.25 0.09 352.69 0.31
C26 0.22 0.07 366.72 0.27
C27 0.17 0.05 380.74 0.20
C28 0.17 0.05 394.77 0.20
C29 0.15 0.04 408.80 0.18
C30 0.11 0.03 422.82 0.13
C31 0.10 0.03 436.85 0.13
C32 0.13 0.04 450.88 0.16
C33 0.15 0.04 464.91 0.19
C34 0.23 0.06 478.93 0.28
Total 100.00 100.00 122.73

10

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Document No. LPI-LAB-004-04

Amna Crude Oil

TABLE (7)
Yield and Inspection of Light Naphtha Cut

TBP Cut Points C5-70 0C METHOD

Vol. % on Crude 4.80
Wt. % on Crude 3.75
Density@15ºC, g/ml 0.6478 ASTM D-4052
Specific gravity@ 60/60 ºF 0.6481 ASTM D-4052
API gravity 86.8 Calculation
Reid vapour pressure@37.8 ºC, psi 12.2 ASTM D-323
Volume Average Boiling Point, (VABP), ºC 57
Sulphur content, wt. % 0.010 ASTM D-4294
Octane Number; Research method 75.1 ASTM D-2699
Octane Number; Motor method 71.3 ASTM D-2700
Distillation, IBP ºC 34
5% 43
10% 46
20% 48
30% 51
40% 54
50% 58
60% 59 ASTM D-86
70% 62
80% 65
90% 68
95% 73
FBP 79
Residue,vol.% 2.0
Losses, vol.% 2.0
Molecular weight 80 Calculation
Lead content, ppm <0.03 ICP-OES

11

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Document No. LPI-LAB-004-04

Amna Crude Oil

TABLE (8)
Yield and Inspection of Heavy Naphtha

TBP Cut Points 70-175 0C METHOD

Vol. % on Crude 16.61
Wt. % on Crude 14.65
Density@15ºC, g/ml 0.7355 ASTM D-4052
Specific gravity@ 60/60 ºF 0.7362 Calculation
API gravity 60.7 Calculation
Reid vapour pressure, psi 2.39 ASTM D-323
Volume Average Boiling Point, (VABP), ºC 126.6 Calculation
Sulphur content, wt. % 0.021 ASTM D-4294
Characterization factor 12.2 UOP 375
Octane Number; Research method 42.6 ASTM D-2699
Octane Number; Motor method 40.8 ASTM D-2700
Distillation, IBP ºC 76
5% 100
10% 105
20% 110
30% 115
40% 120
50% 125
60% 131 ASTM D-86
70% 137
80% 144
90% 151
95% 156
FBP 161
Residue % vol. 1.0
Loss% vol. 1.0
Molecular weight 114.5 Calculation
Lead content, ppm <0.03 ICP-OES

12

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Document No. LPI-LAB-004-04

Amna Crude Oil

TABLE (9)
Yield and Inspection of Kerosene Cut

TBP Cut Points 175-2350C METHOD

Vol. % on Crude 9.94

Wt. % on Crude 9.41
Density15 ºC, g/ml 0.7921 ASTM D-4052
Specific gravity@ 60/60 ºF 0.7929 Calculation
API gravity 47 Calculation
Characterisation factor 11.9 UOP 375
Volume Average Boiling Point, (VABP) , ºC 198.4 Calculation
Sulphur content. wt.% 0.044 ASTM D-4294
Aniline point, ºC 65.4 ASTM D-611
Aromatic, vol.% 8.20 ASTM D-1319
Paraffin’s+ Naphathenes, vol.% 90.7 ASTM D-1319
Olefins, vol.% 1.10 ASTM D-1319
K. Viscosity at -20 ºC, cSt 4.3368 ASTM D-445
K. Viscosity at 37.8 ºC, cSt 1.3909 Calculation
K. Viscosity at 50 ºC, cSt - Calculation
Flash point Tag, ºC 63 ASTM D-56
Freezing point , ºC -47 ASTM D-2386
Cold filter plugging point, ºC <-20 IP 309
Pour point, , ºC <-36 ASTM D-97
Saybolt colour +30 ASTM D-156
Copper corrosion 1 ASTM D-130
Molecular weight 157.5 Calculation
Smoke point, mm 25 ASTM D-1322

13

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Document No. LPI-LAB-004-04

Amna Crude Oil

Continued Table-9

TBP Cut Points 175-2350C METHOD

Distillation, ºC
IBP 180
5% 186
10% 188
20% 190
30% 192
40% 194
50% 197
ASTM D-86
60% 200
70% 203
80% 206
90% 212
95% 216
FBP 228
Residue % vol. 1.0
Loss % vol. 1.0

14

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Document No. LPI-LAB-004-04

Amna Crude Oil

TABLE (10)
Yield and Inspection of Atmospheric Gas Oil Cut

TBP Cut Points 235-350 0C METHOD

Vol. % on Crude 20.35
Wt.% on Crude 20.07
Density15 ºC, g/ml 0.8259 ASTM D-4052
Specific gravity@ 60/60 ºF 0.8266 Calculation
API gravity 39.7 Calculation
Characterization factor 12.1 UOP 375
Volume Average Boiling Point, (VABP), ºC 281.2 Calculation
Sulphur content, wt. % 0.079 ASTM D-4294
Aniline point, ºC 81.8 ASTM D-611
K. Viscosity at 37.8 ºC, cSt 3.3665 ASTM D-445
K. Viscosity at 50 ºC , cSt 2.6359 ASTM D-445
Pour point, ºC -3 (ASTM D-97)
Molecular weight 220.2 Calculation
Calculated cetane index 57.5 ASTM D-976
Distillation, ºC IBP 244
5% 251
10% 259
20% 264
30% 270
40% 274
50% 278
60% 284 ASTM D-86
70% 290
80% 300
90% 309
95% 319
FBP 327
Residue % vol. 1.0
Loss% vol. Nil

15

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Document No. LPI-LAB-004-04

Amna Crude Oil

Continued Table-10

TBP Cut Points 235-3500C METHOD

Vanadium, ppm <0.005 ASTM D 5708

Nickel, ppm <0.010 ASTM D 5708
Calcium, ppm 0.368 Dry ashing
Potassium, ppm 1.239 Dry ashing
Sodium, ppm <0.040 Dry ashing

16

Libyan Petroleum Institute; Gargarish Road-km7 P.O. Box: 6431 Tel: 4830022-27 / 4836821-23 Fax: 4830031-4836820
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Document No. LPI-LAB-004-04

Amna Crude Oil

TABLE (11)
Yield and Inspection of Vacuum Gas Oil Cut

Boiling Range 350-5500C METHOD

Vol. % on Crude 25.85
Wt. % on Crude 26.78
Density15 ºC, g/ml 0.8733 ASTM D-4052
Specific gravity@ 60/60 ºF 0.8742 Calculation
API gravity 30.4 Calculation
Characterisation factor 12.4 UOP 375
Volume Average Boiling Point, (VABP), ºC 435 Calculation
Sulphur content, wt. % 0.127 ASTM D-4294
Aniline point, ºC 100.0 ASTM D-611
K. Viscosity at 37.8 ºC, cSt - ASTM D-445
K. Viscosity at 50 ºC, cSt 20.2890 ASTM D-445
K. Viscosity at 100 ºC, cSt 5.3105 ASTM D-445
Pour point, ºC +39 (ASTM D-97)
Molecular weight 403 Calculation
Distillation, ºC IBP 361
5% 377
10% 380
20% 392
30% 406
40% 419
50% 437
60% 454 ASTM D-1160
70% 463
80% 481
90% 488
95% 511
FBP 535
Residue % vol. 1.0
Loss% vol. Nil
Vanadium, ppm <0.005 ASTM D 5708
Nickel, ppm <0.010 ASTM D 5708
Calcium, ppm 0.492 Dry ashing
Potassium, ppm 0.105 Dry ashing
Sodium, ppm 1.256 Dry ashing

17

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Document No. LPI-LAB-004-04

Amna Crude Oil

TABLE (12)
Atmospheric Residue 350+ 0C

Boiling Range 350+ 0C METHOD

Vol. % on Crude 46.98
Wt.% on Crude 51.22
Density@ 15 ºC, g/ml 0.9214 ASTM D-4052
Specific gravity@60/60 ºF 0.9221 Calculation
API gravity 22 Calculation
Asphaltenes content, wt. % 0.30 IP 143
n-Heptane Insolubles, wt. % 0.11 ASTM D893
Sulphur content, wt. % 0.177 ASTM D-4294
Pour point, ºC +42 ASTM D-97
K. Viscosity @ 37.8 ºC, cSt - ASTM D-445
K. Viscosity @ 50 ºC, cSt - ASTM D-445
K. Viscosity @100 ºC, cSt 28.114 ASTM D-445
Ash content ,wt.% 0.007 ASTM D-482
Conradson carbon residue, wt. % 6.92 ASTM D-189
Calorific value, MJ/Kg gross 44.5 Calculation
Calorific value, Kcal/Kg gross 10614 Calculation
Vanadium, ppm 0.502 ASTM D 5708
Nickel, ppm 5.853 ASTM D 5708
Calcium, ppm 2.386 Dry ashing
Potassium, ppm 0.381 Dry ashing
Sodium, ppm 4.565 Dry ashing

18

Libyan Petroleum Institute; Gargarish Road-km7 P.O. Box: 6431 Tel: 4830022-27 / 4836821-23 Fax: 4830031-4836820
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Document No. LPI-LAB-004-04

Amna Crude Oil

TABLE (13)
Vacuum Residue 550+ 0C

Boiling Range 550+ 0C METHOD

Vol. % on Crude 21.25
Wt. % on Crude 24.44
Density@ 15 ºC, g/ml 0.9659 ASTM D-4052
Specific gravity@60/60 ºF 0.9665 Calculation
API gravity 14.9 Calculation
Asphaltenes content wt. % 0.30 IP 143
n-Heptane Insolubles, wt. % 0.11 ASTM D893
Sulphur content , wt. % 0.238 ASTM D-4294
Pour point, ºC +45 ASTM D-97
K. Viscosity at 50 ºC, cSt - ASTM D-445
K. Viscosity at 100 ºC, cSt 398.902 ASTM D-445
Ash content ,wt.% 0.016 ASTM D-482
Conradson carbon residue, wt. % 14.4 ASTM D-189
Calorific value, MJ/Kg gross 43.7 Calculation
Calorific value, Kcal/Kg gross 10438 Calculation
Vanadium, ppm 1.496 ASTM D 5708
Nickel, ppm 13.908 ASTM D 5708
Calcium, ppm 3.359 Dry ashing
Potassium, ppm 0.751 Dry ashing
Sodium, ppm 5.046 Dry ashing

19

Libyan Petroleum Institute; Gargarish Road-km7 P.O. Box: 6431 Tel: 4830022-27 / 4836821-23 Fax: 4830031-4836820
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Document No. LPI-LAB-004-04

Amna Crude Oil

Appendix

TBP Curve
80.00

70.00

60.00
Accumulative wt.%

50.00

40.00

30.00

20.00

10.00

0.00
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 550 600
Tempreture,C

Fig.1 TBP versus accumulative yield (wt. %) on crude

20

Libyan Petroleum Institute; Gargarish Road-km7 P.O. Box: 6431 Tel: 4830022-27 / 4836821-23 Fax: 4830031-4836820