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Scheme of Studies BS Physics: Annexure-A
Scheme of Studies BS Physics: Annexure-A
Annexure-A
Scheme of Studies BS Physics
(TCH LCH
Semester Course code Course Title Pre-requisite(s)
Cr.H)
None
PHY104 Introductory Electricity (2 0 2)
None
MATH108 Basic Differential Equations (3 0 3)
None
PHY331 Thermodynamics (3 0 3)
None
PHY341 Solid State Physics-I (3 0 3)
PHY212
PHY313 Quantum Mechanics-II (3 0 3)
5th
None
MS112 Principles of Management (3 0 3)
PHY371 Modern Optics (3 0 3) PHY271
MSc PROGRAM
5
2.1 Following Course Codes are suggested to be changed to make it accordingly to the BS
program:
S. No. Course Title Old Code New Code Semester
1 Study Skills ENG-112 ENG-101 1st
2 EMT-II PHY-272 PHY-372 2nd
3 Communication Skills ENG-134 ENG-102 2nd
4 Lab-III PHY-391 PHY-291 3rd
5 Lab-IV PHY-392 PHY-292 2nd
Annexure-B
6
Annexure-C
9
22 Superconductivity PHY642 (3 0 3)
48 F-Theory PHY756 (3 0 3)
51 Project/Research PHY691 (0 0 6)
52 Project/Research PHY999 (0 0 6)
54
Electronic Structure Theory PHY542 (3 0 3)
55
Density Functional Theory PHY543 (3 0 3)
56 (3 0 3)
Luminescence and Applications PHY 674
57 (3 0 3)
Luminescence in Solids PH655
58 (3 0 3)
Radiation Detection and Measurement PHY555
59
Density Matrix Theory PHY623 (3 0 3)
Annexure F
Course Description:
Course objectives:
Review of vector analysis: Coordinate Systems, Vector and scalar triple products, Gradient of a Vector, Divergence
and curl of a vector, Vector identities, Divergence and Stokes’ Theorems: Derivation, Physical importance and
Applications to specific cases, Integral and differential forms, Vector fields and their properties.
Equations of motion, Deriving kinematics equations, Laws of motion and concept of force, Projectile motion,
Uniform circular motion, Inertial frames, Non inertial frames and Pseudo forces, Centrifugal, Coriolis force, Non-
uniform circular motion,
Work done by a constant force and a variable forces, Work energy theorem, Power, Conservation of Energy ,
Conservative and non Conservation forces, Conservation of energy in a system of particles, Law of conservation of
total energy of an isolated system, Potential energy, Gravitational potential energy.
Linear momentum and its conservation, Two particles systems and generalization to many particle systems, Centre
of mass system, Centre of mass of solid objects, Momentum Changes in a system of variable mass.
14
Elastic collisions, conservation of momentum during collision, inelastic collisions in center of mass reference
frame, Simple applications of obtaining velocities in the center of mass frame. Angular momentum and its
conservation, Rotational kinematics, Moments of Inertia, Torque, Static equilibrium and Elasticity, Oscillatory
motion, Fluid mechanics, Pressure, Buoyant force and Archimedes principle, Fluid dynamics, Equation of
continuity, Bernoulli’s equation, Wave motion, wave equation, Interference and diffraction of waves, Sound
waves, Plane and spherical waves, Periodic waves, the Doppler effect, Standing waves and their properties,
Resonance. Newton’s law of universal, gravitation, Measuring the gravitational, constant, Free-fall acceleration and
the, gravitational force, Kepler’s laws, The law of gravity and the motion of planets, The gravitational field,
Gravitational potential energy, Energy considerations in, Planetary and satellite motion, The gravitational force
between an extended object and a particle, The gravitational force between a particle and a spherical mass
TEXT BOOK
Fundamentals of Physics: Halliday and Resnick (10th Edition) by Jearl Walker, John Wiley & Sons (2014)
REF. BOOKS
Physics for Scientists and Engineers with Modern Physics by Raymond Serway and John Jewett Jr, Brooks/Cole
(2014)
Physics for Scientists and Engineers with Modern Physics and Mastering Physics (4 th Edition) by Douglas C.
Giancoli, Addison Wesley (2008)
Aim: To enable students to appreciate the deep link between the mathematical formulation
developed for waves of different kinds and to enable them to apply the same to various physical
phenomena.
Description: Starting with the simple harmonic motion, damped and forced oscillations, the
phenomenon of resonance will be discussed. This would be followed by transverse and
longitudinal waves, speed, intensity, interference of sound waves, Doppler effect and beat waves
16
will be discussed. The course will also expose students to various numerical problems that would
help them understand and be able to apply the concepts of different wave phenomena.
Lecture Contents
Lecture 1-4. Introduction, vibration, oscillation, periodic motion, simple harmonic motion, the force law
of simple harmonic motion, energy in simple harmonic motion, an angular simple harmonic oscillator
Lecture 5-8. Pendulums, Uniform circular motion, damped simple harmonic motion, Forced oscillations
and resonance
Lecture 9. Review
Lecture 10. Problem solving session
Lecture 11. Semester test 1
Lecture 12-15. Transverse and longitudinal waves, speed of a travelling wave, wave speed on a stretched
string, energy and power of a wave traveling along a string
Lecture 16-19. The wave equation, interference of waves, phasors, standing waves and resonance
Lecture 20. Review
Lecture 21. Problem solving session
Lecture 22. Semester test 2
Lecture 23. Speed of sound waves and travelling sound waves, interference, intensity and sound level
Lecture 26-27. Sources of musical sound, beats
Lecture 28-29. The Doppler effect, supersonic speeds, shock waves
Lecture 30. Review and problem-solving session
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
4. Introductory Electricity
Course Code: PHY104
3rd Semester
6. Basics of Magnetism
Course Code: PHY202
Recommended Texts:
1. Haliday, D. Resnick & Walker Fundamental of Physics Extended ed. John
Wiley, 9th Edition, 2012.
2. Raymond A. Serway, John W. Jewett, Principles of Physics,Cengage Learning,
2006.
3. Hugh D. Young, Roger A. Freedman, Lewis Ford University Physics
with Modern Physics, Addison-Wesley; 12thedition, 2007.
4. F. J. Keller, W. E. Gettys and M. J. Skove Physics, Classical and Modern, 2 nd
Edition, McGraw Hill, 1993.
19
Course Description:
This course is about the Magnetic Field Effects and Magnetic Properties of Matter. The basic laws of magnetism and
concepts of conservation of magnetic flux are discussed in detail. Moreover, the different type of materials having
magnetic properties along with the origin of magnetism is elaborated.
Objectives:
Origin of Magnetism.
Introduction to Electricity
Understanding of laws about electricity and magnetism
7. Classical Mechanics
This course emphasizes a systematic approach to the mathematical formulation of mechanics problems and to the
physical interpretation of the solutions. Fundamental concepts and principles in classical mechanics will be
applied to particles, systems of articles and rigid bodies. A set of core concepts—space, time, mass, force,
momentum, torque, and angular momentum—were introduced in classical mechanics in order to solve the most
famous physics problem, the motion of the planets. Conservation laws involving energy, momentum and angular
momentum provided a second parallel approach to solving many of the same problems. In this course, we will
investigate both approaches: Force and conservation laws
In this course we will study about Brief survey of Newtonian Mechanics of a system of particles, Frame of
Reference, Conservation Theorem, Rocket motion, Limitation of Newtonian Mechanics, Simple Harmonic
Oscillation, Harmonic Oscillation in two dimensions, Phase Diagram, Damped Oscillation, Reduced Mass,
Conservation theorems, First integral of the motion, Equation of motion, Orbits in a central field, Centrifugal
energy and effective potential, Planetary motion, Kepler’s law, Reduction of two body problem to an equivalent
one body problem, Linear and angular momentum of the system of particles, Energy of the system, Elastic
collisions of two particles, Inelastic collisions, Cross-sections, Rutherford scattering formular, Constraints,
Gereralized coordinates, Virtual displacement, Virtual work and D’Alembert’s principal, LaGrange’s equation,
Velocity depdentent potentials and dissipation function, Applications Lagrange’s equation, Hamilton’s principle,
Techniques of calculus of variations, Application of calculus of variations, Derivation of Lagrange’s equation
from Hamilton’s principle, Technieques of calculus of variations, Hamilton’s principle, Extension of Hamilton’s
principle to Non-homonymic system, Advantages of variational principle formulations, Conservation theorems
and symmetry properties, Energy function and conservation of energy, Legendre Transformation, Hamilton
Equation of motion, Cyclic coordinates and conservation theorems, Routh procedure, Hamilton’s formulation of
relativistic mechanics, Derivation of Hamilton’s equation from variational principle, Principle of least action,
21
Poisson’s brackets.
Objectives:
Aim:
To enable students understand the fundamental concepts of mathematical techniques to solve problems in
different fields of science, engineering, and technology.
Objectives:
1. To familiarize students with the mathematical techniques to handle problems in different fields.
2. To guide students understand how to describe a physical process in mathematical form.
3. To provide students the basic skills necessary for the application of mathematical methods in physics.
Course Description:
Starting with the very basics of physical quantities, the concepts of mathematical techniques are introduced. The
basic concepts of vectors are motivated with suitable examples. The fundamental theorems of vector analysis are
explained followed by defining the gradient, curl and divergence of vector fields. Further, the delta functions are
discussed in detail. In turn matrix theory is developed for solution of practical problems. Moreover, the functions
of complex variables are discussed and the underlying concepts are assisted with appropriate examples.
24
9. Introductory Electronics
Serial # Topics
Lecture # 1 The PN junction, band structure of a p-n-junction
Lecture # 2 Theory of p-n junction diode, volt ampere characteristics
Lecture # 3 Diode resistance, transition, capacitance, diffusion capacitance. Diode circuit
model
Lecture# 4 Application diode as rectifiers
Lecture # 5 Zener diodes and its applications
Lecture # 6 Zener regulators, Scotty diodes, light emitting diodes, photodiodes, and tunnel
diodes and its applications
Lecture # 7 Bipolar transistors, parameters and ratings
Lecture # 8 BJT : Switching circuits, Biasing and stability
Lecture # 9 BJT: Common emitter, common base and common collector amplifiers
Lecture # 10 BJT Power amplifier: , power class A,B, and C amplifiers
Lecture # 11 Field Effect transistors: Junction FET, Metal Oxide FET, operation and
construction Biasing
Lecture # 12 FET: Common source and common drain amplifiers, frequency response
Lecture # 13 Transistors; junction FET, MOSFET operation and construction
Lecture# 14 Biasing, Common source and common drain amplifiers, Frequency response
Lecture # 15 Operational amplifier, theory and Classifications
Lecture # 16 Op-Amp: Non inverting and inverting circuits, feedback and stability
Lecture # 17 Op-amp applications; comparators, summing, active fitters, Integrator and
Differentiator, Instrumentation amplifier.
Lecture # 18 Introduction to Digital electronics
Lecture # 19 Binary, Octal and Hexadecimal number system, their inter-conversion, concepts
of logic,.
Lecture # 20 Basic logic gates and truth table
Lecture # 21 De-Morgan’s theorem
Lecture # 22 Simplification of Boolean expression by Boolean postulates
Lecture # 23 K-maps and their uses. Don’t care condition
Lecture # 24 Logic circuits based on AND-OR, OR-AND Gates
Lecture # 24 Logic circuits based on NAND, NOR Logic
Lecture # 25 Logic Gate design
Lecture # 26 Addition, subtraction (2’s compliments)
Lecture # 27 Half adder, full adder, half subtractor, encoder, decoder
Lecture # 28 Exclusive OR gate and its implementations
Lecture # 29 Flip-flops and Latches
Lecture # 30 Clocked RS-FF
Lecture # 31 Flip flops: D-FF, T-FF, JK-FF
Lecture # 32 Shift Register
Lecture # 33 Counters (Ring, Ripple, up-down, Synchronous)
Lecture # 34 Analog to Digital Convertor: A/D and D/A. Convertors
Lecture # 35 Introduction to Memories: ROM, PROM
Lecture # 36 EAPROM, EE PROM
Lecture # 37 Memories: RAM, (Static and dynamic)
Lecture # 38 Memory mapping techniques
Lecture # 39 Application and Programing of Memories
Lecture # 40 Re-cap of Subject
26
Lecture # 41 Presentation
Lecture # 42 Presentation
Lecture # 43 Presentation
Lecture # 44 Presentation
Lecture # 45 Presentation
4th Semester
11. Quantum Mechanics-I
Aim:
This course aims to enable students understand the basic concepts of quantum mechanics. This is a
first formal quantum mechanics course and the idea is to teach basic quantum mechanical skills, which
can later be used in advanced quantum mechanics courses and other related physics.
Objectives:
Course Description:
This course develops concepts in quantum mechanics that enable the students to understand the
behavior of the physical universe from a fundamental point of view. It provides a basis for further study
of quantum mechanics. Contents include: The postulates of quantum mechanics, function spaces,
operators, eigenfunctions and eigenvalues, Superposition and Compatible Observables, infinite well in
one and three dimensions, Time Development, Conservation Theorems, and Parity, Hermiticity; scalar
products of wave functions, completeness relations, matrix mechanics; Schroedinger’s Equation.
28
Lecture Contents
Lect. 1-3: Introduction, Classification of Fluid Flows, Problem-Solving Technique
Lect. 4-7: Density and Specific Gravity, Vapor Pressure and Cavitation, Energy and Specific
Heats, Compressibility and Speed of Sound, Viscosity, Surface Tension and
Capillary Effect
Lect.8: Review
Lect. 9-14: Pressure, Hydrostatic Forces on Submerged, Plane Surfaces, Hydrostatic Forces
on Submerged Curved, Surfaces, Buoyancy and Stability, Fluids in Rigid-Body
Motion
Lect.15: Review
Lect. 16: Mid Semester Test
Lect. 17-22: Lagrangian and Eulerian Descriptions, Flow Patterns and Flow Visualization,
Vorticity and Rotationality, The Reynolds Transport Theorem
Lect. 23: Review
Lect. 24-29: Conservation of Mass, Mechanical Energy and Efficiency, The Bernoulli
Equation and Applications, General Energy Equation, Energy Analysis of Steady
Flows
Lect. 30: Review
Aim:
To enable students understand the basic concepts of mathematical techniques to solve problems in
different fields of science, engineering, and technology.
Objectives:
1. To familiarize students with the mathematical techniques to handle problems in different fields.
2. To guide students understand how to describe a physical process in mathematical form.
3. To facilitate mastery and application of a wide range of basic mathematical methods and
techniques.
Course description: In this course, differential equations and their solutions are analyzed in detail. The
Fourier series expansion is exploited with appropriate examples. Later on integrals transform are
explained which can help to transform a physical process from one space to another. Furthermore, special
functions are presented to understand the physical applications of mathematical techniques.
II. Allyn & bacon Inc., Massachusetts Ohanion, H. C.; 1988: Classical
Electrodynamics.
III. Co. Lt., Singapore.Y.K. Lim; 1986: Introduction to Classical
Electrodynamics, World Scientific Publishing
IV. W.H. Freeman & Co., New York.P.C. Lorrain & D.R. Corson,
1978: Electromagnetic Fields and Waves.
V. John Wiely, 1975 Jackson, Classical Electrodynamics,
Course description:
This course describes the electric fields of charge particles at rest, the fundamental laws of
electrostatics, the methods of calculating the electric force/ electric fields due to some known
symmetries and known charge configurations. The concept of electric potential, work done in
a uniform electric field and the effects of electric fields when applied to a conducting and
dielectric mediums. The concept of energy stored in an electric field and the associated
properties are also part of this course.
Objectives:
To understand the governing laws of electrostatics i.e., Coulomb’s law, Gauss’s law and
Poison’s equations in various physical settings
To develop the understanding of electric potential and work done inside an electric field
To understand the descriptions of electric field across a conducting & dielectric mediums
1. Plan data collection, to turn data into information and to make decisions that
lead to appropriate action.
2. Apply the methods taught to different problems.
3. Communicate statistical information in oral and written form.
4. Plan, analyze, and interpret the results of experiments.
Studying mechanical waves characteristics Mechanical wave driver & string vibrator
Studying reflection, refraction & interferance
Ripple tank system
phenomina
Invetigating the resonant modes of a streched string
Sonometer system
Measuring the velocity of wave propagateion on string
Transfer gravitational potential energy/mechanical
Energy transfer-generator, Hand Crank Generator
energy to electrical energy
Thermal capacity and specific heat of Al, Cu and lead
Basic calorimetry set & Steam Generator
Latent hat of vaporization/fusion
Study the change in length of different metallic tubes
Computer based thermal expension
as the temperature rises
Emperically determine the absolute zero temperature Absolute zero apparatus
Verify ideal gas law
Heat Engine or Gas Law Apparatus
Verify gay lussac's law
36
5th Semester
17. Thermodynamics
Course code. PHY331
Course Title: Thermodynamics
1. To be able to state the First Law and to define heat, work, thermal efficiency and the difference between various
forms of energy. (quiz, self-assessment, PRS)
2. To be able to identify and describe energy exchange processes (in terms of various forms of energy, heat and work)
in aerospace systems. (quiz, homework, self-assessment, PRS)
3. To be able to explain at a level understandable by a high school senior or non-technical person how various heat
engines work (e.g. a refrigerator, an IC engine, a jet engine). (quiz, homework, self-assessment, PRS)
4. To be able to apply the steady-flow energy equation or the First Law of Thermodynamics to a system of
thermodynamic components (heaters, coolers, pumps, turbines, pistons, etc.) to estimate required balances of heat,
work and energy flow. (homework, quiz, self-assessment, PRS)
5. To be able to explain at a level understandable by a high school senior or non-technical person the concepts of path
dependence/independence and reversibility/irreversibility of various thermodynamic processes, to represent these in
terms of changes in thermodynamic state, and to cite examples of how these would impact the performance of
aerospace power and propulsion systems. (homework, quiz, self-assessment, PRS)
6. To be able to apply ideal cycle analysis to simple heat engine cycles to estimate thermal efficiency and work as a
function of pressures and temperatures at various points in the cycle
Pub. Co.1974.
4. Introduction to Solid State Physics, C. Kittle, 7th edition 1996,
John Wiley.
5. Magnetism: From Fundamentals to Nanoscale Dynamics, J.
Stöhr and H.C. Siegmann , Springer Series in solid-state
sciences, Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2006
Course Description:
The course introduces the basic concepts used to characterise the atomic, crystalline and
electronic structure of crystalline solids, as well as the models that are used to describe their
thermal and electrical properties.
Crystal Structures and Crystal Geometry:
Simple crystal structure and basis crystal structure, the space lattice, Basic definitions of
crystallography, Primitive and non-premitive unit cells, Bravais and non-Bravais lattices, 7
crystal systems and 14 Bravais lattices and their classification, Some representative crystal
structures, Atomic packing factor, Miller indices, Planes and directions in crystals, Wigner-
Seitz cell, Miller indices for crystallographic planes, Crystallographic axes, crystal symmetries
(translational, rotational, reflection), Diract imaging of crystals: Scanning Tunneling
Microscope (STM)
Reciprocal lattice and X-Ray Diffraction:
Crystal Structure Analysis, X-rays and electrons can be used for crystal diffraction, Principles
of X-ray generation and X-ray sources, X-ray diffraction and Bragg’s law, Diffraction
conditions for x-ray diffraction from crystals (for elastic and inelastic case), Scattered wave
amplitude, Fourier analysis of electron number density, Ewald construction as a geometrical
interpretation of Bragg’s condition, Reciprocal lattice and relation between direct and
reciprocal lattice vectors, Laue equations, Brillouin Zones, FCC in real space is BCC and vice
versa, Fourier analysis of Basis, Structure factor and Atomic form factor.
Atomic Structure and Crystal Bonding:
Interatomic forces and types of atomic and molecular bonds (Covalent. Metallic, ionic), Van
der Waals bonding, hydrogen bonding
Lattice Vibrations:
Phonons, average energy of phonons, The concept of energy quantization-Black body
radiation, phonons can be created by increasing temperature (unlike fermions), Heat capacity,
specific heat capacity and molar heat capacity, Some examples of heat capacity from daily
life, Classical model of heat capacity (Dulong and Petit Law), Einstein theory of specific heat
capacity, Despersion Relations and density of states, Debye model for heat capacity, heat
conduction, Thermal conductivity: phenomenological approach, Thermal conductivity:
microscopic approach, Some examples of thermal conductivity from daily life.
Free electron theory of metals:
Free electrons, Neglecting electron-electron and electron-ions interaction, Ohm’s law and
40
Explain the basic concepts that are used to describe the structure and physical
properties of crystalline substances
Use physical models to perform calculations of the properties of solids
Summarise an experimental work and its theoretical interpretation in a written report
Give an overview of an application related to the physical phenomena treated in the
course
case
L14 Fourier analysis of electron number density
L15 Ewald construction as a geometrical interpretation of Bragg’s condition
L16 Reciprocal lattice and relation between direct and reciprocal lattice vectors,
L17 Laue equations
L18 Brillouin Zones, FCC in real space is BCC and vice versa
L19 Fourier analysis of Basis, Structure factor and Atomic form factor
L20 Atomic Structure and Crystal Bonding
L21 Interatomic forces and types of atomic and molecular bonds (Covalent. Metallic,
ionic)
L22 Van der Waals bonding
L23 Hydrogen bonding
L24 Lattice Vibrations: Phonons, average energy of phonons
L25 The concept of energy quantization-Black body radiation
Aim:
43
To enable students understand the basic concepts of quantum mechanics. This is a first formal
quantum mechanics course and the idea is to teach basic quantum mechanical skills, which can later be
used in advanced quantum mechanics courses and other related fields of physics.
Course Objectives:
1. To familiarize students with the basic concepts and principles of quantum mechanics.
2. To guide students understand how to describe a physical process in quantum mechanics.
3. To enable students develop familiarity with the physical concepts and facility with the
mathematical methods in quantum mechanics.
Course Description:
This course covers the important concepts of angular momentum and its quantum mechanical aspects
in various field of physics, for instance, its role in understanding the structure of hydrogen atom. In
turn the basic concepts of the time-independent and time-dependent perturbation theories are exploited
in this course. Finally, the scattering theory is discussed in detail.
Course Description:
This course describes the magnetic field produced by steady state currents, the fundamental
laws of magneto-statics, the methods of calculating the magnetic field due to some known
symmetries and known current configurations. The concept of energy stored inside a
magnetic field, the associated properties along with the effects of magnetic fields when
applied to material mediums are discussed. The properties of electromagnetic waves, its
propagations through dispersive medium are also part of this course
Objectives:
To understand the properties of magnetic fields due to steady state currents through the
associated governing laws (Biot-Savart law & Ampere’s Law)
To understand the magnetic fields of solenoids, toroids and the energy stored inside the
magnetic fields
To understand the effects of magnetic field when applied across a magnetic material
To understand the properties of electromagnetic waves in dispersive medium
6th Semester
22. Statistical Mechanics
Course code. PHY311
Course Title: Statistical Mechanics
(TCH LCH CrH) (3 0 3)
Pre-requisite: PHY231
Recommended 1. F. Mandl ; 1988: Statistical Physics 2nd Edition. ELBS/John
Texts: Willey...
2. F. Reif, 1965: Fundamentals of Statistical and Thermal Physics,
McGraw –Hill.
3. Francis, W. S.; 1986: Thermodynamics, Kinetic Theory, and
Statistical Mechanics 3rd Edition... Narosa Publishing House. New
Delhi.
4. Huang, K.; 1963: Statistical Mechanics
Course Description:
This course present elementary statistical concept along with examples and applications. Well
known statistical distribution like Maxwell-Boltzmann statistics, Photon statistics, Bose
Einstein statistics, Fermi Dirac statistics, and Quantum statistic in the classical limit are
discussed in detail.
Objectives:
Postulates of statistical mechanics and statistical interpretation of thermodynamics
Methods of statistical mechanics used in developing the well-known statistics Bose-
Einstein, Fermi-Dirac and Maxwell Boltzmann.
Selected topics from low temperature physics and electrical and thermal properties of
matter
Lecture-wise distribution
1. Historical review; Starting from Bacqurel‟s discovery of radioactivity to Chedwick‟s
neutron
2. Basic Nuclear Structure
3. Some introductory terminology
4. Nuclear Properties
5. Unit and dimension
6. The nuclear radius
7. Mass and abundance of nuclides
8. The protons electron hypothesis of the constitution of the nucleus
53
centres, Dislocations in Solids, Burgers vectors, edge dislocation, Screw dislocation Slip and
plastic deformation, Stacking faults and grain Boundaries, Strength of Crystals, Diffusion and
Fick’s law
Semiconductors and Superconductivity:
Semiconductors - an introduction, Intrinsic Semiconductors, Extrinsic semiconductors, Band
structure, Energy Gap, Donor and acceptor Level, Calculation of number of electrons and
number of holes and law of mass action, Superconductivity - an introduction, zero resistivity
and Meissner effect, Type-I and type-II superconductors, BCS theory, electron-phonon-
electron interaction via lattice deformation, ground state of superconductors, Cooper pairs,
Coherence length, London equations (electrodynamics), London penetration depth,
thermodynamics of superconductors, entropy and the Gibbs free energy, Josephson effect,
superconductors applications.
Magnetism:
History, applications and revolution in society due to magnetism, Anology netween electric
and magnetic fields, calculation of magnetic fields, Atomic theory of magnetism,
Paramagnetism, Langevin theory of Paramagnetism, Ferro-magnetism, Weiss theory of
Ferromagnetism (Spontaneous magnetization), Magnetic Domains, Types of magnetic
domains, Magnetic relaxation and resonance phenomena.
Dielectrics and Ferroelectrics:
Maxwell Equations, Polarization, Dielectric Constant and Dielectric Polarizability,
Susceptibility, Electronic Polarizablity, Clausius-Mossotti Relation, Structural Phase
Transitions, Ferroelectric crystals, Classification of Ferroelectric Crystals, Theory of
Ferroelectric Displacive Transitions, Thermodynamic theory of Ferroelectric transition,
Ferroelectric Domains, Piezoelectricity
Objectives:
After completion of the course the student should:
Understand the relation between the electron structure of crystalline solids and their
dielectric, magnetic and superconducting properties.
Understand and use some standard models for calculations of polarisation,
magnetisation and superconductivity in solids
56
L8 Tight-Binding approximation
Derive the energy shifts due to these corrections using first order perturbation theory.
state and explain the key properties of many electron atoms and the importance of the
59
Explain the observed dependence of atomic spectral lines on externally applied electric
and magnetic fields
State and justify the selection rules for various optical spectroscopies in terms of the
symmetries of molecular vibrations
Course Objectives:
1. Students will be able to describe the basic concepts and principles of geometrical, physical and
modern optics.
61
2. Able to discuss the nature of light, its propagation and interaction with matter.
3. Able to describe basic optical phenomena
4. Able to discuss the Maxwell’s electromagnetic theory of light and derive simple relations from
the basic optics laws.
Lecture-wise distribution
1. Maxwell’s equations-I
2. Maxwell’s equations-II
3. Energy density
4. Momentum
5. Polarization
6. Stokes parameters
7. Jones vector
8. EM wave propagation in conducting medium-I
9. EM wave propagation in conducting medium-II
10. Reflection and transmission
11. Law of reflection and refraction
12. Fresenel formulae
13. Polarization by reflection
14. Total internal reflection
15. Reflection from conducting surface
16. Interference of wave
17. Michelson interferometer
18. Fabry-Perot interferometer
19. Ekional equation
20. Fermat principle and applications-I
21. Fermat principle and applications-II
22. lens design and matrix algebra-I
23. lens design and matrix algebra-II
24. Geometrical optics of resonator
25. Guided waves
26. Optical fibre
27. Propagation of waves in graded index optical fibre-I
28. Propagation of waves in graded index optical fibre-II
29. Fourier series-I
30. Fourier series-II
31. Fourier integral
32. Rectangular pulse
33. Pulse modulation
34. Dirac delta function
35. Correlation
36. Fourier transform in two dimensions
37. Convolution
38. Huygen’s principle
62
7th Semester
28. Special Theory of Relativity
63
L8 Michelson-Morley experiment
L9 Inertial frame of references
L10 Non-inertial frame of references
L11 Synchronizing clocks
L12 Einstein’s postulates of special relativity
L13 Lorentz transformations
L14 Relativity of simultaneity
L15 Time dilation
L16 Proper time
L17 Twin paradox
L18 Examples of time dilation
L19 Length contraction
L20 Examples of length contraction
L21 The spaceships-on-a-rope paradox
L22 The pole-in-the-barn paradox
L23 Structure of spacetime
L24 Minkowski spacetime
L25 Four vectors
L26 Introduction to tensors
L27 The light-cone
L28 World line
L29 Relativistic mechanics
L30 Relativistic form of Newton laws
L31 Relativistic momentum
L32 Rest mass, kinetic and total energy
L33 Conservation of energy
L34 Energy and mass relationship
L35 The Doppler effect
L36 Longitudinal Doppler effect
L37 Transverse Doppler effect
L38 Comparison with nonrelativistic Doppler effect
L39 Invariance of the interval under Lorentz transformation
64
Course No PHY491
Course Title Literature Survey and Technical Report
Credit Hours (1 0 1)
Pre-requisite None
Recommended Texts: 1. Technical report writing today by Steven E Pauley Boston, MA:
Houghton Mifflin, 2002,
2. How to write and Publish a Scientific Paper by Robert A. Day,
(oryx Press: 5th edition June 18,1998)
3. Scientific Papers and Presentations by Martha Dan’s, Academic
Press; 3rd Edition August 10, 2012
4. The not so short Introduction to Latex by Tobias Oetike, GNU
General Public License April 2004
5. More Math into Latex by George Gratzer Springer: 4th edition;
(August 23, 2007)
Course Description:
This course provides basic ideas of scientific writing. Every part of article and thesis will be
explained with examples. It includes abstract, introduction, body of the document, conclusion
and referencing.
Objectives:
3. To make students learn to not duplicate work that has already been done
4. To train students as to where future research is heading or recommend areas on which
to focus
5. To learn to highlight key findings
6. To enable students identify inconsistencies, gaps and contradictions in the literature
7. To make students learn to do constructive analysis of the methodologies and
approaches of other researchers
8th Semester
30. Nuclear Physics-II
Lecture-wise distribution
1. Nuclear Decay and Radioactivity
2. The basis of theory of radioactive disintegration
3. The disintegration constant
4. The half life and the mean life
5. Successive radioactive transformation
6. Radioactive equilibrium
7. The natural radioactive series
8. Units of radioactivity.
9. Alpha Decay
10. Why alpha decay occurs
11. Basic alpha decay process, The velocity and energy of alpha particle
12. Abortion of alpha particles
13. Range, ionization, and stopping power
14. Alpha decay systematic
15. Theory of alpha decay emission
16. Angular momentum and parity in alpha decay
17. Alpha decay spectroscopy
18. Beta Decay
19. Energy release in beta decay
20. Fermi theory of beta decay
21. The experimental test of Fermi theory
22. Angular momentum and parity selection rules
23. Neutrino Physics
24. Double beta decay
25. Beta-delayed nucleon emission
26. Non conservation of parity
27. Beta spectroscopy
28. Gamma decay: Energetic of gamma decay
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Leture# Topics
1,2 Historic development of luminescent materials
3,4 Luminescence mechanism
5,6 Types of luminescence processes
7,8 Energy of optical transitions: absorption, excitation,
emission spectroscopy
9,10 Excitation sources
11 lasers
12,13 Ultraviolet light/visible light
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14 x-rays/gamma rays
15 Visible light
16 Applications of luminescence
17,18 phosphors
19,20,21 Synthesis and characterization of phosphors
22,23 Phosphors for LEDs and OLEDs
24,25 Phosphors for PDPs
26,27 Phosphors for medical imaging
28,29 Quantum dots and nanophosphors
30,31 Scintillation and Scintillators
32,33 Scintillation crystals
34,35 Single crystal growth techniques
36,37 Inorganic scintillators
38,39 Organic scintillators
40,41 Liquid scintillators
42,43 Semiconductor scintillators
44 Scintillators for radiation detectors
45 Scintillators for medical imaging
9 Magnetostatics of matter
10,11 Energy, forces and torques in magnetic systems
12,13 types of materials on the basis of magnetic properties
14 diamagnetism
15 Paramagnetism
16 antiferromagnetism
17 Ferromagnetism
18 Ferrimagnetism
19,20 Magnetic properties of pure elements in the atomic sate
21 Magnetic properties of polyatomic atoms
22 Phenomenology of Strong magnetic materials
23 Isothermal magnetization curve
24 Weiss domains and bloch walls
25,26 Magnetic anisotropy
27,28 Microscopic theory of magnetism in solids
30,31 Irreversibility of magnetization processes
32,33 Hysteresis in real ferromagnetic materials
34,35 Role of defects in irreversibility of magnetization process
36,37 Brown's paradox
38,39 Hysteresis and irreversibility
40 Hysteresis in the localized electron model
41 Magnetism of free electron
42 Magnetism of bound atoms
43 magnetoresistivity
44 Hall effect
45 Transport in magnetic metals
46 Magneto transport in semiconductors
47 Shubnikov-de Haas effect
48 Quantum hall effect
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13 Spectral imaging
14 Fluorescence anisotropy
Aims & Objectives After completion of this course, students are expected to
learn about various methods for thin films preparation. Also
they are expected to learn about thin films used in various
fields of material sceince
Lecture# Topic
1,2 Methods of Preparation of Thin Films
11 Vacuum Evaporation
12 Physical Foundations
13 Experimental Techniques
14 Evaporation Apparatus
39 Interference Methods
43 Stylus Method
3 Binding Energy
7 Neutron Multiplication
8 Fission Products
10 Radioactive Decay
11 Decay Chains
16 Nuclide Densities
19 Reaction Types
25 Fissionable Materials
26 Neutron Scattering
33 Fast Neutrons
37 Energy Self-Shielding
40 Core Composition
43 Graphite-Moderated Reactors
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44 RBMK Reactors
45 Fast Reactors
Leture# Topics
1,2,3 Historic development of luminescent materials
4 Excitation and Emission processes
5,6 Luminescence mechanism
7 Luminescence centre
8,9 Charge transfer mechanism
10 Energy transfer mechanism
11,12 Radiative and non-radiative trations
13 Concentration quenching
14,15 Dieke's energy level diagram
16,17 Rare earth based luminescence
18,19 Energy level diagram of individual ion
20 Synthesis and characterization of phosphors
21,22 Up-conversion and quantum cutting
23,24 Dopant-host interactions
25 Quantum confinement and quantum dots
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26 Types of luminescence
27 Photoluminescence (PL)
28 Electroluminescence (EL)
29 Cathodoluminescence
30 Thermoluminescence (TL)
31 Radioluminescence (RL)
32 Chemiluminescence
33 Bioluminescence, sonoluminescence)
34 Applications of luminescence
35 Medical imaging
36,37 Luminescence in phosphors
38 Phosphors for cathode ray tubes
39,40 LEDs and phosphors for white LEDs
41 OLEDs
42 Laser induced luminescence
43,44 Phosphors for medical imaging and storage phosphors
45 Scintillation phosphors and phosphors for radiation detectors
46 Colour perception and eye sensitivity
45 Chromaticity
38.
Superconductivity
Pre-requisite: Nil
Aims & Objectives After completion of this course students are expected to learn
about superconductivity and the theory behind it. Type I & II
superconductors with various examples.
1,2,3 Historical review
4,5 the state of zero resistance
6,7 Meissner effect
8,9 Electrodynamics for zero resistance metals
10 the critical magnetic field
11,12 the London Theory
13,14 Review of thermodynamics and the thermodynamical
characterization of a metal in the superconducting state
15 the intermediate state
16 concept of coherence
17,18 Type I superconductors
19,20 Current transport in superconductors
21,22 second-order phase transitions
23,24 Microscopic theory of superconductivity
25,26 concepts of the energy gap and Cooper pairs
27,28 introduction to the BCS theory
29,30 the superconducting ground state
31,32 long range order in solids
33,34 critical temperature and the heat capacity
35,36 quantum interference
37 the fluxoid
38 The mixed state and type-II superconductors
39 concept of the vortex
40 critical fields
41 critical currents
42 Normal and superconductive tunneling
43 Josephson tunneling
44 SQUID
45 superconductors applications for computers and high-
frequency devices
Pre-requisite: PHY347
1. Werner Buckel, Reinhold Kleiner, Superconductivity
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43 Superconductors in Microelectronics
44 Voltage Standards
45 Digital Electronics Based on Josephson Junctions
Pre-requisite: PHY342
Recommended Texts: 1. S.M. Sze, Kwok K. Ng, Physics of Semiconductor John
Wiley & Sons, Inc., USA.
2. Ben G. Streetman, Solid State Electronic Prentice Hall,
Inc., USA.
3. S.O. Kasaf, Principle of Electronic Materials McGraw-
Hill Companies, Inc., USA.
Aims & Objectives At the end of this course, students are expected to learn basic
concept of semiconductors. Intrinsic, extrinsic
semicondcutors, their types and doping in it to get N & P-
types semiconductors. They will learn various applications
of semiconductors such as switching, amplification, BJT,
JFET and MOSFET.
Lecture# Topics
1,2,3 Semiconductor Fundamentals
4,5 Intrinsic and Extrinsic semiconductors
6 Doping of semiconductors
7 Drift and diffusion of carriers
8 Generation–recombination, pn Junction
9 Forward Biased and Reverse Biased Junctions
10 Reverse-Bias Breakdown
11 Zener Breakdown
12 Avalanche Breakdown
13 Metal-Semiconductor junctions
14 Schottky Barriers
15 Rectifying contact
16 Ohmic contact
17,18 p-n Junction Diodes
19 Tunnel Diodes
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41. Astrophysics
basic physical law; and the connection between the subatomic properties of nature and the
observed macroscopic universe.
Introduction and overview, Telescopes, Detectors, Instruments, satellites, Matter and
Radiation, Interstellar medium, collapse of gas clouds, Jeans criterion, Star formation and
Stellar structure, Nuclear reactions, Hydrostatic equilibrium, virial theorem, Stars masses,
lStellar atmospheres, energy transport via radiation and convection, atomic transitions,
chemical abundances, Properties of Stars and their spectra, Stellar dynamics, Evolution and
final stages, Phenomenology of stars, magnitudes, colors, spectra, distances, radii,
temperatures and luminosities, binaries, Gravitational, thermal, nuclear time scales. Ages of
star, Metallicities, Evolution on the Main Sequence, Stellar evolution beyond the main
sequence, AGB stars, HR Diagram, Binary Stars and Accretion Processes, Fate of Massive
Stars, Supernova, types of supernova, Degenerate matter, stellar remnants, white dwarfs,
Brown Dwarf, Neutron stars and black holes, pulsars, gamma-ray bursts, Planetary Nebulae, ,
X-ray binaries
Objectives:
1. Describe the features of objects in the Solar System (i.e. Sun, planets, moons, asteroids,
comets, planetary interiors, atmospheres, etc.) giving details of similarities and differences
between these objects;
2. Demonstrate an understanding of the basic properties of the Sun and other stars;
3. Explain stellar evolution, including red giants, supernovas, neutron stars, pulsars, white
dwarfs and black holes, using evidence and presently accepted theories;
4. Explain the evolution of the expanding Universe using concepts of the Big Bang and
observational evidence;
5. Use information learned in class and develop observation skills to be able to explain
astronomical features and observations obtained via telescopic observations or data
provided through computer simulations.
L9 Jeans criterion,
L10 Star formation and Stellar structure,
L11 Nuclear reactions,
L12 Hydrostatic equilibrium,
L13 Virial theorem,
L14 Stars masses,
L15 Stellar atmospheres,
L16 Energy transport via radiation and convection,
L17 Atomic transitions, chemical abundances,
L18 Properties of Stars and their spectra,
L19 Stellar dynamics,
L20 Evolution and final stages,
L21 Phenomenology of stars,
L22 Magnitudes, colors, spectra,
L23 Distances, radii, temperatures and luminosities,
L24 Binaries,
L25 Gravitational time scale
L26 Thermal and nuclear time scales.
L27 Ages of star,
L28 Metallicities,
L29 Evolution on the Main Sequence,
L30 Stellar evolution beyond the main sequence,
L31 AGB stars,
L32 HR Diagram,
L33 Binary Stars and Accretion Processes,
L34 Fate of Massive Stars,
L35 Supernova, types of supernova,
L36 Degenerate matter,
L37 Stellar remnants,
L38 White dwarfs,
L39 Brown Dwarf,
L40 Neutron stars and black holes,
L41 Pulsars, gamma-ray bursts,
L42 Planetary Nebulae,
L43 X-ray binaries
Course Description:
To use a pedagogical approach in order to provide a grounding in all the major theoretical and
experimental aspects of this new generation of science ‘Nano Physics and Technology’ for
students preparing for a Masters or a PhD degree.
Objectives:
The main objectives of this course are to let the students think to answer the following
questions:
• How does one make a nanometer sized object?
• How do the magnetic, optical and electrical properties of this nanoscale object change with
size?
• How do charges behave in nanoscale objects?
• How does charge transport occur in these materials?
• Do these nanoscale materials posess new and previously undiscovered properties?
• How are they useful?
• The student shall learn how basic physics can be used to describe and understand the
behavior of electrons in nano-scale materials.
• The course will hopefully motivate for further theoretical and experimental studies of
electron transport in nano-scale materials.
L2 What is nanoscience?
L7 Electrons in nanostructures
L8 Molecular electronics
L9 Nanostructured materials
L10 Nanobiology
L13 Nanoscopy
L20 Paramagnetism
L21 Langevin theory of Paramagnetism
L22 Ferro-magnetism
L23 Weiss theory of Ferromagnetism (Spontaneous magnetization)
L24 Magnetic Domains, Types of magnetic domains
L25 Magnetic relaxation and resonance phenomena
L26 Growth of Organised Nano-Objects on Prepatterned Surfaces
L27 Clusters and Colloids
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Course Description:
This course provides an introduction to energy systems and renewable energy resources, with a
scientific examination of the energy field and an emphasis on alternate energy sources and their
technology and application. The class will explore society’s present needs and future energy demands,
examine conventional energy sources and systems, including fossil fuels and nuclear energy, and then
focus on alternate, renewable energy sources such as solar, biomass (conversions), wind power,
geothermal, and hydro. Energy conservation methods will be emphasized.
Course Objectives:
At the successful completion of the course the student is expected to be able to
1. List and generally explain the main sources of energy and their primary applications
2. Describe the challenges and problems associated with the use of various energy sources,
including fossil fuels, with regard to future supply and the environment.
3. Discuss remedies/potential solutions to the supply and environmental issues associated with
fossil fuels and other energy resources
4. List and describe the primary renewable energy resources and technologies.
Lecture-wise distribution
1. Energy Scenarios: Importance of energy, world primary energy sources
2. Energy demand, supplies, reserves, growth in demand
3. Life estimates, and consumption pattern of conventional energy sources: oil, gas, coal, hydro,
nuclear etc.
4. Energy & Environment: Emission of pollutants from fossil fuels and their damaging effects
and economics impact
5. Renewable energy and its sustainability
6. Renewable Scenarios: Defining renewable
7. promising renewable energy sources, their potential, availability, present status
8. Existing technologies and availability
9. Solar Energy: Sun-Earth relationship, geometry, sun path and solar irradiance, solar spectrum,
solar constant
10. Atmospheric effects, global distribution, daily and seasonal variations
11. Effects of tilt angle, resource estimation, extraterrestrial, global, direct, diffused radiation
12. Sun shine hours, air mass, hourly, monthly and annual mean, radiation on tilt surface,
measuring instruments
13. Solar Thermal: Flat plate collectors, their designs, heat transfer, transmission through glass
14. Absorption and transmission of sun energy, selective surfaces, performance, and efficiency
15. Low temperature applications: water heating, cooking, drying, desalination, their designs and
performance
16. Concentrators, their designs, power generation, performance and problems
17. Photovoltaic: PV effect, materials, solar cell working, efficiencies
18. Different types of solar cells, characteristics, (dark, under illumination)
19. Efficiency limiting factors, power, spectral response, fill-factor, temperature effect
20. PV systems, components, packing fraction, modules, arrays, controllers, inverters, storage
21. PV system sizing, designing, performance and applications
22. Wind: Global distribution, resource assessment, wind speed, height and topographic effects
23. Power extraction for wind energy conversion, wind mills, their types, capacity, properties
24. Wind mills for water lifting and power generation, environmental effect
25. Hydropower: Global resources, and their assessment, classification, micro, mini, small and
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large resources
26. Principles of energy conversion
27. Turbines, types, their working and efficiency for micro to small power systems; environmental
impact
28. Biogas: Biomass sources; residue, farms, forest. Solid wastes
29. Agricultural, industrial and municipal wastes etc
30. Applications, traditional and non-traditional uses
31. Utilization process, gasification, digester, types, energy forming
32. Environment issues. Resources availability; digester, their types, sizes, and working
33. Gas production, efficiency; environmental effects
34. Geothermal: Temperature variation in the earth, sites, potentials, availability, extraction
techniques
35. Applications; water and space heating, power generations, problems, environmental effects.
36. Waves and Tides: Wave motion, energy, potentials, sites, power extraction, and transmission
37. Generation of tides, their power, global sites, power generation, resource assessment
38. Problems, current status and future prospects
39. Hydrogen Fuel: Importance of H2 as energy carrier, Properties of H2, production, hydrolysis,
fuel cells, types
40. Applications, current status and future prospects.
41. Nuclear: Global generations of reserves through reprocessing and breeder reactors
42. Growth rate, prospects of nuclear fusion, safety and hazards issue
43. Energy Storage
44. Importance of energy storage, storage systems
45. Mechanical, chemical, biological, heat, electrical energy storage, fuel cells etc.
45. Bio-Physics
Course No. PHY405
Course Title: Bio-Physics
(TCH LCH CrH) (3 0 3)
Pre-requisite: PHY102,PHY331, Zoo-101
Recommended Texts: 1. Philip Nelson, Biological Physics: Energy, Information, Life, W.H.
Freeman & Co., New York, 2004.
2. Ronald Glaser, Biophysics, 5th edition, Springer 2001
Course Description:
An introduction to the physical principles that underlie the dynamics of life from the macro to
molecular scale. The course is intended as an optional course for final year BS students. This course
will cover a broad spectrum of topics including mechanics of human body and animals, vision and
hearing of living bodies, electrical and optical properties of molecules, applications of physics
principles in medical science such as MRI etc.
Course Objectives:
The objectives of this course are
1. to explore the biophysics of signaling and movement at the cellular level
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31. Action potential, Ohm’s law, cable model of Axon, RC components and Axon membrane
32. Bio-Imaging: Protein structures, X-ray crystallography, and Bragg’s law
33. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy
34. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
35. Intrinsic magnetism and angular momentum effects, chemical shift and NMR Microscopy
36. Ultrasound imaging, Tomography or X-rays computed axial tomography (CAT or CT scan),
Positron emission tomography (PET)
37. Thermodynamics and the Origin of Life: Body temperature regulation, cellular metabolism
38. Living systems and first law of thermodynamics and energy conservation, Internal energy,
Enthalpy
39. Life and 2nd law of thermodynamic, Molecular entropy and disorder, Free energy of a system,
Free energy and chemical equilibrium
40. Diffusion, Diffusion across membranes, Gibb’s free energy, Fick’s law and passive diffusion
across membranes
41. Fluid system and Human Cardiovascular system Fluid dynamics of Human circulation
42. The concepts of pressure and flow rate, the systemic and pulmonary systems
43. The continuity equation and the relation between cross-section of the aorta and velocity of
blood
44. Hydrostatics and the effect of viscosity flow rate of blood and poiseuille’s equation
45. Power output and work done by the heart
Course No PHY452
Course Title Particle Physics
(TCH LCH CrH) (3 0 3)
Pre-requisite None
Course Description:
This course gives an introduction to the elementary particles and their properties. It introduces the
standard model and Feynman calculus. Some advance topics like renormalizations are also covered.
95
Objectives:
1. Understand the difference between fermions and bosons, and how they behave.
2. Know the characteristics of the electromagnetic, strong and weak interactions.
3. Be familiar with the consequences of boson exchange in the mediation of forces.
4. Be able to use Feynman diagrams to describe interactions.
5. Understand scattering, and the role of form factors, being able to calculate the form factor
for simple charge distributions.
6. Know the quantum numbers of particles in the lowest lying multiplets.
7. Recognise allowed and forbidden processes for each of the interactions.
8. Be able to calculate the kinematics of 2-body interactions and decays.
1. Give the Fourier expansions of scalar, Dirac and the photon fields
2. Explain field quantization
3. Explain symmetries and conservation laws in the Lagrangian formalism
4. Explain the Feynman propagator and Feynman rules
5. Explain regularization and renormalization
6. Calculate cross sections for simple processes
L4 Spin Zero
L5 Kline Gordon Equation
L6 Dirac Equation
L7 Lorentz Invariance
L8 Free Scalar field theory
L9 The Spin statistics theorem
L10 Path integral quantization
L11 Scattering Amplitude
L12 Renormalization
L13 Free Fermion propagator
L14 The Feynman rules
L15 Discrete symmetries
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48.String Theory
Course code PHY422
Course Title String Theory
(TCH LCH CrH) (3 0 3)
Pre-requisite None
Recommended Texts 1. A first Course in String Theory, Barton Zwiebach, Cambridge
University Press 2009
2. String Theory and M-Theory: A Modern Introduction, Katrin
Becker, Melanie Becker, John H. Schwarz, Cambridge
University Press, 2006
3. String Theory in a Nutshell, Elias Kiritsis, Princeton University
Press, 2007
4. String Theory, Joseph Polchinski, Cambridge University Press,
1998
Course Description:
This course introduces string theory to undergraduate. Since string theory is quantum
mechanics of a relativistic string, the foundations of the subject can be explained to students
exposed to both special relativity and basic quantum mechanics. This course develops the
aspects of string theory and makes it accessible to students familiar with basic
electromagnetism and statistical mechanics.
Objectives:
4. To understand the shortcomings of the standard model
5. To understand the idea of strings as fundamental objects
6. To be able to quantize the string theory
7. To be able to extract particle content form string theory
L3 Special relativity
L4 Spaces
L5 Tensors
L6 Types of Tensors
L7 Extra dimensions
L8 Units and parameters
L9 Intervals
L10 Lorentz transformations
L11 Light-cone coordinates
L12 Relativistic energy
L13 Relativistic momentum
L14 Light-cone energy
L15 Light-cone momentum
L16 Lorentz invariance with extra dimensions
L17 Compact extra dimensions
L18 Square well with an extra dimension
L19 Equations of motion for transverse oscillations
L20 Boundary conditions
L21 Initial conditions
L22 Frequencies of transverse oscillation
L23 The non-relativistic string
L24 Lagrangian action for a relativistic point particle
L25 Reparameterization invariance
L26 Relativistic particle with electric charge
L27 Reparameterization invariance of the area
L28 Area functional for space-time surfaces
L29 The Nambu-Goto string action
L30 Boundary conditions
L31 D-branes
L32 The static gauge
L33 Tension of a stretched string
L34 Energy of a stretched string
L35 Action in terms of transverse velocity
L36 Motion of open string endpoints
L37 String parameterization
L38 Classical motion
L39 World-sheet currents
L40 Light-cone relativistic strings
L41 Light-cone fields
L42 Light-cone particles
L43 Relativistic quantum open strings
L44 Relativistic quantum closed strings
L45 Relativistic superstrings
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49.Cosmology
L1 Introduction
L2 Background
L3 Cosmology
L4 Newtonian cosmology
L5 Cosmological redshift
L6 Hubble’s law
L7 Microwave Background
L8 The Big Bang expansion rate
L9 The Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation (CMBR)
L10 Radiation domination
L11 History of the universe
L12 Isotropy
L13 Homogeneity
L14 Clustering properties of galaxies and large-scale structure
L15 Friedmann equation
L16 Difficulties with Newtonian gravitation
L17 Mach’s Principle
L18 Robertson-Walker metric
L19 Dark matter
L20 Nucleosynthesis
L21 The Early Universe
L22 Inflation
L23 The very early universe
L24 Dark matter
L25 Cosmological Principles
L26 Measurements of distances, luminosities, angular sizes, etc. in the
cosmological context
L27 The Friedman models of classical cosmology
L28 Observational tests of the Friedman models
L29 The Anthropic Principle and Dirac's large numbers
L30 Radiation-dominated expansion
L31 The epoch of “recombination”
L32 Nuclear statistical equilibrium in the early Universe
103
The course introduces the plasma state, provides the fundamental concepts and basic
criteria sets for plasma.
To understand the fluid theory of plasma
To understand collective modes of plasma in the frame work of fluid theory
Perform quantitative calculations on the properties of cavities, beams, and gain media,
and the output of simple laser systems
52.Applications of Lasers
L40 gyroscope,
L41 gyroscope,
L42 UV light source in micro-lithography,
L43 UV light source in micro-lithography,
L44 DVD and CD reader
L45 DVD and CD reader
Course Description:
Starting with the very basics of quantum mechanical systems, the concept of Density Matrix Theory
is introduced. The density matrix is developed followed by defining the density/statistical operator in
terms of the basis states of the system. The general density matrix theory is presented for the
112
development of basic formalisms for the solution of physical problems in the quantum systems.
Furthermore, the density matrix formalisms for coupled systems are developed. The underlying
concepts play very important role when the system interacts with external fields. Finally, the
Quantum Theory of Relaxation is explained. This will help the students understand the underlying
principles based on density matrix and their relevance to practical problems.
Lecture Topics
Number
L1 Introduction to the subject, Spin States
L2 Density Matrix of Spin-1/2 Particles, Pure Spin States
L3 The polarization Vector, Mixed Spin States, Pure Versus Mixed States
L4 The Spin Density Matrix and Its Basic Properties, Basic Definitions
L5 Significance of the Density Matrix, The Number of Independent
Parameters
L6 Parameterization of the Density Matrix, Identification of Pure States,
L7 The Algebra of the Pauli Matrices, Pure and Mixed Quantum Mechanical
States
L8 The Density Matrix and Its Basic Properties, Coherence Versus
Incoherence
L9 Elementary Theory of Quantum Beats, The Concept of Coherent
Superposition
L10 Time Evolution of Statistical Mixtures, The Time Evolution Operator
Course No PHY512
Course Title Advanced Statistical Mechanics
Credit Hours (3 0 3)
Pre-requisite None
Recommended Texts: 1. Statistical Mechanics, Kerson Huang, John Wiley and Sons,
2004.
2. Statistical Physics, L. D. Landau and E. M. Lifshits, Elsevier
Ltd. 2011.
3. Quantum Statistical Mechanics: Equilibrium and non-
equilibrium theory from first principles, Phil Attard, IOP
Publishing Ltd, 2015.
4. Quantum Statistical Mechanics, William C. Schieve, Lawrence
P. Horwitz, Cambridge University Press, 2009.
5. Statistical Mechanics, Franz Schwabl, Springer-Verlag Berlin
Heidelberg, 2006.
Aim:
To enable students understand the basic as well as the advanced concepts of statistical mechanics.
It provides the important relationship between the microscopic quantum world and the behavior
of macroscopic material which is amenable to experiment.
Objectives:
1. To familiarize students with the basic and advanced concepts and principles of statistical
mechanics.
2. To guide students understand how to derive and interpret expressions for the various
properties of statistical system.
3. To enable students utilize the terms and basic methods of statistical physics in various
fields of natural science.
Course Description:
The first part of this course reviews the basic concepts and laws of thermodynamics and their
potential applications in various fields. In turn it explains the kinetic theory of gaseous systems,
Boltzmann transport equation, Boltzmann’s H theorem, transport phenomena in different physical
systems.
The second part focuses on the classical statistical mechanics and its fundamental postulates and
other phenomenological concepts. It exploits the notions of canonical ensembles and grand
canonical ensembles, Gibbs paradox, energy and density fluctuations, and the Maxwell
115
construction.
The third part of this course is specified for the explanation and understanding of quantum
statistical mechanics. The main focus is on the postulates of quantum statistical mechanics,
postulates of random phases, density matrix, canonical and microcanonical ensembles, quantum
statistics of distinguishable and indistinguishable particles, Bose-Einstein and Fermi-Dirac
statistics, etc.
ensemble
L31 The meaning of the Maxwell construction
L32 Postulates of quantum statistical mechanics
L33 Postulate of Equal a Priori Probability
L34 Postulate of Random Phases
L35 Density matrix
L36 Ensemble in quantum statistical mechanics
L37 Microcanonical ensembles
L38 Canonical ensemble
L39 Quantum model of matter
L40 The canonical distribution in quantum statistics
L41 The quantum oscillator
L42 Planks formula for the equilibrium radiation of a perfectly black body,
Heat capacity of solids
L43 Heat capacity of a diatomic ideal gas, quantum statistics of
distinguishable and indistinguishable particle systems
L44 Bose-Einstein and Fermi-Dirac statistics , Application of
Bose-Einstein statistics to the photon gas
L45 Application of Fermi-Dirac statistics to the electron gas in metal,
Condensation of an ideal Bose-Einstein gas.
117
Aim:
To enable students understand the advance concepts of mathematical techniques to solve
problems in different fields of science, engineering, and technology.
Objectives:
1. To familiarize students with a broad range of mathematical techniques that are
essential for solving advanced real world problems in theoretical physics.
2. To enable students obtain a deeper understanding of the mathematics underpinning
theoretical physics.
3. To prepare the student with mathematical tools and techniques that are required in
advanced courses offered in physics and engineering programs.
Course Description:
This course covers a broad spectrum of mathematical techniques essential to the solution of
advanced problems in physics, engineering and other branches of natural science. Topics
include ordinary and partial differential equations, their solutions, Sturm-Liouville Theory of
orthogonal functions, Green’s functions, Fourier Series, Integral Transforms, Integral
Equations, Bessel Functions, Legendre Functions, and Hermite Functions, Laguerre Functions,
Chebyshev Polynomials.
Aim:
The main aim of this course is to help the students develop the formalism and interpretation of
quantum mechanics. In turn it enables the students apply the advanced concepts of quantum
mechanics in various fields to solve physical problems.
Objectives:
1. To guide student understand the advanced formalisms and interpretation of quantum
mechanics.
2. To enable students apply the formalism of quantum mechanics to real world physical
problems.
3. To provide the students deeper knowledge about the foundations of quantum mechanics
and skills of problem solution in quantum mechanics.
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Course Description:
This course covers the advanced concepts f quantum mechanics necessary for the description of
physical problems in various fields of natural science. In particular, it reviews the basic concepts
of quantum mechanics followed by perturbation theory and scattering theory. The various
aspects of Klein Gordon equation and Dirac equation are described in detail.
Course Objectives: On completion of the course,the student shall have advanced knowledge of
modern atomic and molecular physics including quantum mechanical computational techniques in
order to
Carry out experimental and theoretical studies on atoms and molecules, with focus
on the structure and dynamics of atoms and molecules
Account for theoretical models, terminology and working methods used in atomic
and molecular physics
Course Objectives:
Collisions, Populations, Energy Distribution, Theoretical Background-Classical and
Quantum, The Experimental Methods Employed in collision Physics, The Elastic
Scattering of Electrons in Gases, Excitation of Atoms and Molecules by Electrons ,
ionization by Electrons, Positive Ion recombination, Electron Attachment and
Detachment , photon Emission and Absorption, elastic Collisions between Atomic
Particles, Ionization and Excitation by Atomic Particles, Charge transfer processes,
Collisions of Excited Atoms and Molecules, Ion-Atom Interchange.
L18 Poles and zeros of the transfer function, Frequency response and the
pole-zero plot
L19 Poles and zeros of filter classes, Low-pass filter design
L20 Second-order filter sections, Transformation of low-pass filters to other
classes
L21 Introduction to discrete-time signal processing, The sampling Theory
L22 The discrete Fourier transform (DFT)
L23 The fast Fourier transform (FFT)
L24 Introduction to time-domain digital signal processing
L25 The discrete-time convolution sum. The z-transform
L26 The discrete-time transfer function, The transfer function and the
difference equation
L27 Introduction to z-plane stability criteria, The Inverse z-Transform
L28 Frequency response and poles and zeros, FIR low-pass filter design
L29 FIR low-pass filter design by windowing, Window FIR filters or other
filter types,
The zeros of a linear phase FIR filter
L30 Frequency-sampling filters, FIR filter design using optimization
L31 FFT convolution for FIR filters
L32 The design of IIR filters
L33 Direct-form filter structures, Transversal FIR structure
L34 IIR direct form structures, Transposed direct forms
L35 Interpolation and decimation, Introduction to random signals
L36 The correlation functions
L37 Linear system input/output relationships with random inputs
Discrete-time correlation
L38 Non-parametric power spectral density estimation
L39 Least-squares filter design
L40 Adaptive filtering
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Lecture 06 - Quantum Theory of Collisions: Differential Scattering Cross Section, Partial Wave Analysis
Lecture 07 - Quantum Theory of Collisions: Optical Theorem - Unitarity of the Scattering Operator
Lecture 08 - Quantum Theory of Collisions: Reciprocity Theorem, Phase Shift Analysis
Lecture 09 - Quantum Theory of Collisions: More on Phase Shift Analysis
Lecture 10 - Quantum Theory of Collisions: Resonant Condition in the 1th Partial Wave
Lecture 11 - Quantum Theory of Collisions: Levinson's Theorem
Lecture 12 - Quantum Theory of Collisions: Levinson's Theorem
Module 2: Second Quantization
Lecture 13 - Many Body Theory, Electron Correlations
Lecture 14 - Second Quantization Creation, Destruction and Number Operators
Lecture 15 - Many-particle Hamiltonian and Schrodinger Equation in 2nd Quantization Formalism
Module 3: Electron Gas in the Hartree-Fock and the Random Phase Approximation
Lecture 16 - Many-electron Problem in Quantum Mechanics
Lecture 17 - Hartree-Fock Self-Consistent-Field
Lecture 18 - Exchange, Statistical, Fermi-Dirac Correlations
Lecture 19 - Limitations of the Hartree-Fock Self-Consistent-Field Formalism
Lecture 20 - Many-Body Formalism, Second Quantization
Lecture 21 - Density Fluctuations in an Electron Gas
Lecture 22 - Bohm-Pines Approach to Random Phase Approximation
Lecture 23 - Bohm-Pines Approach to Random Phase Approximation
Lecture 24 - Bohm-Pines Approach to Random Phase Approximation
Module 4: Feynman Diagrammatic Methods
Lecture 25 - Schrodinger, Heisenberg and Dirac Pictures of QM
Lecture 26 - Dyson's Chronological Operator
Lecture 27 - Gell-Mann-Low Theorem
Lecture 28 - Rayleigh-Schrodinger Perturbation Methods and Adiabatic Switching
Lecture 29 - Feynman Diagrams
Lecture 30 - First Order Feynman Diagrams
Lecture 31 - Some More on First Order Feynman Diagrams
Lecture 32 - Second and Higher Order Feynman Diagrams
Module 5: More on Quantum Collisions
Lecture 33 - Lippman Schwinger Equation of Potential Scattering
Lecture 34 - Born Approximation
Lecture 35 - Coulomb Scattering
Module 6: Resonances in Quantum Scattering
Lecture 36 - Scattering of Partial Waves
Lecture 37 - Scattering at High Energy
Lecture 38 - Resonances in Quantum Collisions
Lecture 39 - Breit-Wigner Resonances
Module 7: Fano Analysis of Resonances
Lecture 40 - Fano Parameterization of Breit-Wigner Formula
Lecture 41 - Discrete State Embedded in the Continuum
Lecture 42 - Resonance Life Times
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Course Description:
This course covers fundamentals of solid state physics, where crystal structure with X-Ray and
electron diffraction as well as electron theory as the basics of materials science will be
reviewed. The course teaches the electronic band theory from the basics which describes the
electronic states of solids. The "nearly free-electron model" and the "tight-binding
approximation" will be introduced as the simplest and most valuable models in the band
theory. Magnetism being the speciality of the instructor will be mainly discussed particularly
the fundamental phenomena of magnetism and the static magnet properties of nanoscale
structures especially single crystalline ultra thin films will be discussed alongside the
techniques used to study these structures.
A review on: Course of Solid State Physics-I and Solid State Physics-II
Electric Fields, Currents, and Magnetic Fields, Magnetic and Electric Fields inside Materials,
The Relation of the Three Magnetic Vectors in Magnetic Materials, Stray and Demagnetizing
Fields of Thin Films, Applications of Stray and Demagnetizing Fields, Symmetry Properties of
Electric and Magnetic Fields, Parity, Time Reversal, Magnetic Moments and their Interactions
135
with Magnetic Fields, The Classical Definition of the Magnetic Moment, From Classical to
Quantum Mechanical Magnetic Moments, The Bohr Magneton, Spin and Orbital Magnetic
Moments, Magnetic Dipole Moments in an External Magnetic Field, The Energy of a
Magnetic Dipole in a Magnetic Field, The Force on a Magnetic Dipole in an Inhomogeneous
Field, The Stern–Gerlach Experiment, The Mott Detector, Magnetic Force Microscopy, The
Torque on a Magnetic Moment in a Magnetic Field, Precession of Moments, Damping of the
Precession, Magnetic Resonance, Time–Energy Correlation, The Heisenberg Uncertainty
Principle, Classical Spin Precession, Quantum Mechanical Spin Precession, precessional
frequency of a magnetic moment in external mag. Field & ferromagnetic resonance, exchange,
spin-orbit, and Zeeman interactions, atomic paramagnetism, molecular field theory for
spontaneous magnetization in ferromagnets, Langavin function, the Stoner-Wohlfarth model,
magnetic anisotropy, magnetocrystalline and shape anisotropy, The magnetic microstructures:
magnetic domains & domain walls (DW) and their types, Ultra-high-vacuum (UHV) chamber,
preparation of ultra-thin magnetic films in UHV chamber, Ino Sputtering, Annealing, Auger
Electron Spectroscopy (AES), Low Energy Electron Diffraction (LEED), and LEED-IV,
Medium Energy Electron Diffration (MEED), X-rays and magnetism: X-ray Magnetic Linear
Dichroism (XMLD), X-ray Magnetic Circular Dichroism (XMCD), Magneto-Optical Kerr
Effect (MOKE), How to read data from hard disk drive, Exchange Bias (EB) effect
(unidirectional anisotropy): Discovery of EB, some important parameters about EB effect,
illusive nature of EB, intuitive picture and Meiklijohn& Bean model, Mauri inplane DW
model, Molozemoff perpendicular DW model, antiferromagnetic (AFM) DW model, do AFM
domains really exist?, AFM spin orientation at interface & EB effect, new development about
the origin of EB
Objectives:
Course Description:
To use a pedagogical approach in order to provide a grounding in all the major theoretical and
experimental aspects of this new generation of science ‘Nano Physics and Technology’ for
students preparing for a Masters or a PhD degree.
Objectives:
The main objectives of this course are to let the students think to answer the following
questions:
• How does one make a nanometer sized object?
• How do the magnetic, optical and electrical properties of this nanoscale object change with
size?
• How do charges behave in nanoscale objects?
• How does charge transport occur in these materials?
• Do these nanoscale materials posess new and previously undiscovered properties?
• How are they useful?
• The student shall learn how basic physics can be used to describe and understand the
behavior of electrons in nano-scale materials.
• The course will hopefully motivate for further theoretical and experimental studies of
electron transport in nano-scale materials.
L2 What is nanoscience?
L7 Electrons in nanostructures
L8 Molecular electronics
L9 Nanostructured materials
L10 Nanobiology
L11 Microscscaling laws and limits to smallness
L12 Nano fabrication
L13 Nanoscopy
L20 Paramagnetism
L21 Langevin theory of Paramagnetism
L22 Ferro-magnetism
L23 Weiss theory of Ferromagnetism (Spontaneous magnetization)
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Course Description:
Magnetism being the speciality of the instructor will be mainly discussed particularly the
fundamental phenomena of magnetism and the static magnet properties of nanoscale structures
especially single crystalline ultra thin films will be discussed alongside the techniques used to
study these structures.
Magnetism – An Introduction:
Magical yet Practical, History of Magnetism, Neutrons, Polarized Electrons, and X-rays, Spin
Polarized Electrons and Magnetism, Polarized X-rays and Magnetism,
Fields, Moments, and Magnetism
Electric Fields, Currents, and Magnetic Fields, Magnetic and Electric Fields inside Materials,
The Relation of the Three Magnetic Vectors in Magnetic Materials, Stray and Demagnetizing
Fields of Thin Films, Applications of Stray and Demagnetizing Fields, Symmetry Properties of
Electric and Magnetic Fields, Parity, Time Reversal, Magnetic Moments and their Interactions
with Magnetic Fields, The Classical Definition of the Magnetic Moment, From Classical to
Quantum Mechanical Magnetic Moments, The Bohr Magneton, Spin and Orbital Magnetic
Moments, Magnetic Dipole Moments in an External Magnetic Field, The Energy of a
Magnetic Dipole in a Magnetic Field, The Force on a Magnetic Dipole in an Inhomogeneous
Field, The Stern–Gerlach Experiment, The Mott Detector, Magnetic Force Microscopy, The
Torque on a Magnetic Moment in a Magnetic Field, Precession of Moments, Damping of the
Precession, Magnetic Resonance, Time–Energy Correlation, The Heisenberg Uncertainty
Principle, Classical Spin Precession, Quantum Mechanical Spin Precession
Exchange, Spin–Orbit, and Zeeman Interactions:
Electronic and Magnetic Interactions in Solids:
The Band Model of Ferromagnetism, The Stoner Model, Origin of Band Structure, Density
Functional Theory, Ligand Field Theory, Independent-Electron Ligand Field Theory,
Multiplet Ligand Field Theory, Why are Oxides often Insulators?, Correlation Effects in Rare
Earths and Transition Metal Oxides, Magnetism in Transition Metal Oxides, Superexchange,
Double Exchange, Colossal Magnetoresistance, Magnetism of Magnetite, RKKY Exchange,
Metallic Multilayers, Spin–Orbit Interaction: Origin of the Magnetocrystalline Anisotropy,
Bonding, Orbital Moment, and Magnetocrystalline Anisotropy
Polarized Electrons and Magnetism:
Interactions of Polarized Photons with Matter:
The Orientation-Dependent Intensity: Charge and Magnetic Moment Anisotropies, Concepts
of Linear Dichroism, X-ray Natural Linear Dichroism, X-ray Magnetic Linear Dichroism,
Magnetic Dichroism in X-ray Absorption and Scattering, The Resonant Magnetic Scattering
Intensity
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The main objective of this course is to review the fundamental physical concepts and
their use in a coherent fashion to explain some of the forefront problems and
applications today.
Besides covering the classical concepts of magnetism the course gives a thorough
review of the quantum aspects of magnetism, starting with the discovery of the spin in
the 1920s.
This covers the exciting developments in magnetism research and technology spawned
by the computer revolution in the late 1950s and the more recent paradigm shift
starting around 1990 associated with spin-based electronics or “spintronics” which was
largely triggered by the discovery of the giant magnetoresistance or GMR effect around
1988.
It utilizes the electron spin to sense, carry or manipulate information and has thus
moved the quantum mechanical concept of the electron spin from its discovery in the
1920s to a cornerstone of modern technology.
Energy Correlation
L10 The Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle, Classical Spin Precession,
Quantum Mechanical Spin Precession
L11 Exchange, Spin–Orbit, and Zeeman Interactions: Electronic and Magnetic
Interactions in Solids
L12 The Band Model of Ferromagnetism, The Stoner Model, Origin of Band
Structure, Density Functional Theory, Ligand Field Theory, Independent-
Electron Ligand Field Theory, Multiplet Ligand Field Theory, Why are
Oxides often Insulators?Correlation Effects in Rare Earths and Transition
Metal Oxides
L13 Magnetism in Transition Metal Oxides, Superexchange, Double
Exchange
L14 Colossal Magnetoresistance, Magnetism of Magnetite, RKKY Exchange,
Metallic Multilayers, Spin–Orbit Interaction
L15 Origin of the Magnetocrystalline Anisotropy, Bonding, Orbital Moment,
andMagnetocrystallineAnisotropyPolarized Electrons and Magnetism,
Interactions of Polarized Photons with Matter
L16 The Orientation-Dependent Intensity: Charge and Magnetic Moment
Anisotropies
L17 Concepts of Linear Dichroism, X-ray Natural Linear Dichroism, X-ray
Magnetic Linear Dichroism, Magnetic Dichroism in X-ray Absorption
and Scattering
L18 The Resonant Magnetic Scattering Intensity
L19 X-rays and Magnetism: Spectroscopy and Microscopy
L20 Overview of Different Types of X-ray Dichroism, Experimental Concepts
of X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy, Experimental Arrangements
L21 Quantitative Analysis of Experimental Absorption Spectra
L22 Some Important Experimental Absorption Spectra, XMCD Spectra of
Magnetic Atoms: From Thin Films to Isolated Atoms
L23 Magnetic Imaging with X-rays, X-ray Microscopy Methods
L24 Properties of and Phenomena in the Ferromagnetic Metals
L25 The Spontaneous Magnetization, Anisotropy, Domains:
The Spontaneous Magnetization, Temperature Dependence of the
Magnetization in the Molecular Field Approximation
L26 Curie Temperature in the Weiss–Heisenberg Model, Curie Temperature
in the Stoner Model,
L27 The Meaning of “Exchange” in the Weiss–Heisenberg and Stoner
Models, Thermal Excitations: Spin Waves, Critical Fluctuations
L28 The Magnetic Anisotropy, The Shape Anisotropy, The Magneto-
Crystalline Anisotropy
L29 The Discovery of the Surface Induced Magnetic Anisotropy, The
Magnetic Microstructure: Magnetic Domains and Domain Walls,
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Ferromagnetic Domains
L30 Antiferromagnetic Domains, Magnetization Curves and Hysteresis
Loops, Magnetism in Small Particles, N´eel and Stoner–Wohlfarth
Models, Thermal Stability
L31 Surfaces and Interfaces of Ferromagnetic Metals: Spin-Polarized Electron
Emission from Ferromagnetic Metals, Electron Emission into Vacuum,
Spin-Polarized Electron Tunneling between Solids,
L32 Static Magnetic Coupling at Interfaces, Magnetostatic Coupling, Direct
Coupling between Magnetic Layers, Exchange Bias, Induced Magnetism
in Paramagnets and Diamagnets, Coupling of Two Ferromagnets across a
Nonmagnetic Spacer Layer
L33 Electron and Spin Transport:
Currents Across Interfaces Between a Ferromagnet and a Nonmagnet,
The Spin Accumulation Voltage in a Transparent Metallic Contact
L34 Giant Magneto-Resistance (GMR), Measurement of Spin Diffusion
Lengths in Nonmagnets, Typical Values for the Spin Accumulation
Voltage, Boundary Resistance and GMR Effect
L35 The Important Role of Interfaces in GMR, Spin-Injection into a
Ferromagnet, Ultrafast Magnetization Dynamics, Energy and Angular
Momentum Exchange between Physical Reservoirs
L36 Magneto-Optical Kerr Effect (MOKE) and Exchange Bias (EB) effect
(unidirectional anisotropy)
L37 Discovery of EB, some important parameters about EB effect, illusive
nature of EB
L38 Intuitive picture and Meiklijohn& Bean model
L39 Mauri inplane DW model
L40 Molozemoff perpendicular DW model
Lecture-wise distribution
1. Overview of optical fiber communications
2. Optical transmitter components
3. Lasers and optical modulators
4. General digital communication system
5. Line coding and Pulse shaping
6. Signal space representation
7. Optical receivers
8. Photodetectors and its performance characteristics
9. Common types of photodetectors
10. Noise in photodetection
11. Bandpasses for Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM) systems-I
12. Bandpasses for Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM) systems-II
13. Edge filters for the rejection of pump radiation from an Erbium Doped Fibre
Amplifier-I
14. Edge filters for the rejection of pump radiation from an Erbium Doped Fibre
Amplifier-II
15. Gain equalization coatings for an Erbium Doped Fibre Amplifier that function in the
147
transmissive mode
16. Realities in Mirages
17. Identification of distant objects by the use of optical image-I
18. Identification of distant objects by the use of optical image-II
19. Effects of nonhomogenous medium on the images of distant objects viewed through
optical telescope
20. Sodha theory of rays tracing in a medium with a refractive index-I
21. Sodha theory of rays tracing in a medium with a refractive index-II
22. Optical ray propagation under arctic mirage conditions
23. Sodha model
24. Dynamic Holography and phase conjugation in photo refractive crystals-I
25. Dynamic Holography and phase conjugation in photo refractive crystals-II
26. Optical fibre sensors-I
27. Optical fibre sensors-II
28. Non Linear dynamic of beams various spatial profiles and polanzations-I
29. Non Linear dynamic of beams various spatial profiles and polanzations-II
30. Non Linear dynamic of beams various spatial profiles and polanzations-III
Lecture-wise distribution
148
Lecture-wise distribution
1. Introduction, equipment care and handling, data units, significant figures
2. Experimental planning and evaluation
3. Data tables and results, data consistency
4. Proficiency with general laboratory and measurement techniques
5. Knowledge of physical sensors
6. Signals and noise, noise reduction techniques-I
7. Signals and noise, noise reduction techniques-II
8. Types of Uncertainties
9. The Sources of Uncertainties in Measurement-I
10. The Sources of Uncertainties in Measurement-II
11. Finding the Total Uncertainty in a Measurement When Both Systematic and Random
Uncertainties Exist
12. The General Formula for Determining the Absolute Uncertainty in a Function of Several
Variables
13. Histograms and Probability Distributions-I
14. Histograms and Probability Distributions-II
15. The Gaussian Distribution
16. Experimental Set up trouble shooting-I
17. Experimental Set up trouble shooting-II
18. Error analysis-I
19. Error analysis-II
20. Signal averaging
21. Graph plotting, Graph fitting
22. Determining the Best Fit Line From Statistical Methods
23. Including Error Bars on a Graph and How to Use Them
24. Vacuum techniques-I
25. Vacuum techniques-II
26. Scientific communication methods (Poster, Manuscript, Oral presentation)-I
27. Scientific communication methods (Poster, Manuscript, Oral presentation)-II
28. Scientific communication methods (Poster, Manuscript, Oral presentation)-II
Course Description:
This course includes the basic features related to environment on the basis of principles of classical and
modern physics. The topics include the interaction of human with environment, Pollution, Global
warming, physics of clouds and winds and soil.
Course Objectives:
1. Student will aquire basic knowledge within selected environmental topics ( physics of human
body, pollution, global warming, winds and clouds, water cycle and soil)
2. Be able to ask critical questions and perform scientifically based evaluations about current
important environmental subjects
3. Be able to perform calculations within the selected environmental topics
4. On their own be able to obtain information from external sources needed to answer a given
question related to the selected environmental topics
Lecture-wise distribution
1. The human environment
2. Laws of thermodynamics and human body
3. Energy and metabolism
4. Energy transfers: Conduction, conviction
5. Newton’s law of cooling
6. Survival in cold and hot climates
7. Noise pollution
8. Domestic noise and the design of partitions
9. Atmosphere and radiation
10. Structure and composition of the atmosphere
11. Photochemical pollution
12. Ozone hole
13. Terrestrial radiation
14. Greenhouse effect
15. Greenhouse gases
16. Global warming
17. Water: Hydrosphere
18. Hydrologic cycle
19. Water in the atmosphere
20. Clouds
151
Course Description:
152
This course focuses on the various kinds of ionizing radiation, their interaction with matter and
detection. Interaction of light and heavy charged particles, neutrons and electromagnetic radiation will
be covered in detail. The use of different forms of matter (solid, liquid and gas) as a radiation detector
will be discussed. The detection method and underlying physics of gas, scintillation and semiconductor
detectors will be described. The use of detectors in medical physics, astrophysics and high energy
physics will be explored as an application of radiation detection.
Course Objectives:
1. Introduce students to various types of radiations and their sources (natural and manmade)
2. Familiarize the students with the underlying physics of the detectors used to measure high-
energy (ionizing) radiations, the electronic systems for counting and measuring high-energy
radiations, and the general properties of radiation detection systems.
3. Based on the characteristic properties of high-energy radiations and the mechanism of their
interactions with matter, explain the method of radiation detection and derive the resulting
properties of radiation detectors and measurement systems.
4. Introduce students to the concept of experimental uncertainty, counting, error propagation, and
the analysis of experimental results.
5. Teach students how to make laboratory measurements, the statistics of generated signals in
detectors, estimation and use of experimental uncertainties, and record and report laboratory
results.
Lecture-wise distribution
1. Units and definitions
2. Radiation sources
3. Interaction of charged particles with matter
4. Interaction of electromagnetic radiation with matter
5. Interaction of neutrons
6. Radiation exposure and dose
7. Counting statistics in interaction process, error prediction
8. Statistical models
9. General properties of radiation detectors
10. Detector model
11. Modes of detector operation
12. Pulse height spectra
13. Energy resolution, decay time
14. Detection efficiency of radiation detector
15. Detector types
16. The ionization process in gases, ionization chambers
17. Proportional counters
18. Geiger-Muller counters
19. Scintillation detectors principles
20. Organic scintillators
153
Recommended Texts 1. Introduction to high energy physics; Donald H Perkins Addison-wesley 1982.
2. Elementary particle physics: S. Gasiorowiez jhon wiley and sons new york 1986
3. Introduction to Particle Physics, David J. Griffth, Wily 1987
4. An Introduction to the Standard Model of Particle Physics by W. N.
Cottingham and D. A. Greenwood, Cambridge University Press, 2007
Course Description: This course is about the advance topic in particle physics. After review of some
introductory concepts topics like non-abelian gauge theories, Yang-Mills theories, renormalization group and
Feynman calculus in chromodynamics will be covered.
Objectives:
1. Equip students with a working knowledge of the primary concepts and phenomenology of
elementary particle physics as embodied in the Standard Model
2. Equip students with skills needed to carry out basic computations of scattering cross sections
and decay rates (at tree-level) involving elementary particles and bound states of quarks and
gluons
3. Enable students to sharpen logical reasoning and problem solving skills by applying basic ideas
in particle physics to specific processes
4. Provide students with a framework for understanding current research in particle physics at
various frontiers
154
5. Provide students with an understanding of the motivation for current research at these frontiers
including key open questions
Course Objectives:
Course Description:
159
This course is the first part of the two courses series. In the first part we introduce the concepts of
topological and metric spaces. Concept of Manifolds is introduced, we also will deal with homology.
Course Objectives:
Course Description:
161
This course is the second part of the two courses series. In the second part we introduce the concepts of
Cech Co-homology. Concept of vector bundles is introduced, we also will deal with Sheaves.
Course Objectives:
Course Description: This course is intended to introduce the supersymmetry and supergravity. The
Feynman super calculus will be explained in detail. The concept of Spinors will be introduced and
topics like superspace and Kahler geometry will be discussed.
Course Objectives:
L7 Vector superfields
L8 Feynman rules for supercgraphs
L9 Differential forms and superspace
L10 Super change transformations
L11 The supergravity multiplets
L12 Chiral and vector superfields in current space
L13 Chiral models
L14 Kahler geometry
L15 Spinors
L16 Clifford algebras
L17 Representations and spinors
L18 Dirac adjoint
L19 Charge conjugation
L20 Majorana spinors
L21 Weyl spinors
L22 Superspace
L23 Supersymmetric Yang-Mills theories
L24 Super covariant derivatives
L25 Bianchi identities
Course Description:
This course is an important course which deals with the quantum fields. We will discuss Klien-Gordon
equation, Dirac equation and Path Integral quantization method. The standard will also be discussed in
164
detail.
Course Objectives:
PHY622
Advanced Courses in Relativity
(3 0 3)
None
1. Principles of relativity physics; Anderson Academic Press New
York 1997. Gravitational radiation experiments in relativity; C.de
Witt New York 1984.
2. The Classical theory of fields; L.D Landau Addison Wesley 1982.
Course Objectives:
Course Description:
This course introduces the idea of black holes based on general theory of relativity. The Chandrasekhar
Limit is discussed and Killing Vectors are explained. The Schwarzschild Black Hole is constructed
168
81. F-Theory
th/9606122.
Course Description:
This course is about the F-theory basics which include compactification, Calabi-Yau manifold, and
orientifolds. Phenomenological applications to GUT model building are also discussed.
Course Objectives:
Recommended Texts 1. A First Course in General Relativity, Bernard F. Schutz, Cambridge University
Press, 1985
2. General Relativity, Robert M. Wald, University of Chicago Press, 2010
3. Relativity: Special, General, and Cosmological, Wolfgang Rindler, OUP
Oxford, 2006
4. Gravitation and Spactime, Hans C. Ohanian, Remo Ruffini, Cambridge
University Press, 2013
5. Spacetime and Geometry: An Introduction to General Relativity, Sean M.
Carroll, Prentice Hall, 2004
6. Gravitation, Charles W. Misner, Kip S. Thorne, John Archibald Wheeler, W.H.
Freeman and Company, 2002
Course Description:
The principle of general relativity will be explained and non-inertial effects will be introduced. Concepts
173
like metric tensor, Einstein Field equations and their solutions will be discussed.
Objectives:
The students will be familiarized with the fundamental principles of the theory of relativity.
They will know the meaning of the concept “inertial frame” and how gravity is understood in the
theory of relativity.
The student will be familiarized with the fundamental concepts and main contents of the theory of
relativity: The principle of relativity, the kinematic- and the gravitational time dilation and
frequency shift, curved spacetime, gravitational bending of light and relativistic universe models
with expanding space.
Recommended Texts: 1. Classical Electrodynamics, John David Jackson, John Wiley and
Sons, New York (1980).
2. David J. Griffiths, third edition “Introduction to Electrodynamics”
Pearson; 4 edition (October 6, 2012)
3. Fields and Waves Electromagnetics, David K. Cheng Addison
Wesley (1989).
4. Electromagnetic Wave theory, Kong J.A. John Wiley & Sons New
York (1986).
5. Electromagnetics, Kraus J.D, McGraw-Hill New York (1992).
175
Course Description:
Fundamental concepts of electromagnetics: Maxwell equations, Lorentz force relation, electric and
magnetic polarizations, constitutive relations, boundary conditions, Poynting theorem in real and
complex forms, energy relations. Solution of Helmholtz equation: plane, cylindrical, and spherical
waves, dispersion, phase and group velocities, attenuation, wave propagation in anisotropic media.
Electromagnetic theorems: uniqueness, duality, reciprocity, equivalence, and induction theorems,
Huygen and Babinet principles. Guided wave propagation: mode expansions, metallic and dielectric
waveguides, resonant cavities.
Objectives: To develop a strong background in electromagnetic theory, understand and use various
mathematical tools to solve Maxwell equations in problems of wave propagation and radiation.
Recommended Texts: 1. Lasers and Electro-Optics by Christopher Davis, 2nd edition, Cambridge
University Press; 2 edition (May 12, 2014)
2. Gusev V.E., Karabutov. A.A. Laser Optoacoustics. AIP, N.-Y., 1993.
3. Almond D.P. Patel J. Photothermal science and techniques, London,
Chapman and Hall, 1996. 450 p.
4. Malkin S., Canani O. The use and characteristics of the photoacoustic
method in the study of thotosynthesis. Annu. Rev. Plant Physiol. Plant
Mol. Biol. 1994, 45:493-526.
5. Rogers J.A., Maznev A.A, Matthew J.B., Keith A.N. Optical generation
and characterization of acoustic waves in thin films: Fundamentals and
Applications. Annu.Rev. Matter. Sci., 2000, 30: 117-157.
Course Description:
177
Introduction to lasers and modern laser spectroscopy. Fundamentals of optical processes and spectroscopic
techniques. Lasers as spectroscopic light sources. Components of spectroscopic instruments. Photoluminescence.
Objectives:
The course aims at providing a broad introduction to major types of lasers and modern laser spectroscopy.
Course Description:
This course provides the critical concepts needed for the foundation. The course introduces
basics plasma terminologies, the fluid description of plasma & the wave’s generation
179
mechanism along with the propagation properties in the framework of fluid theory. An
undergraduate background in classical mechanics, electromagnetic theory including Maxwell's
equations and mathematical familiarity with partial differential equations and complex
analysis are prerequisites.
Course Objectives:
The course introduces the plasma state, provides the fundamental concepts and basic
criteria sets for plasma.
To understand the fluid theory of plasma
To understand collective modes of plasma in the frame work of fluid theory
Course Description:
The aim of this course is to provide the students with a coherent and updated comprehensive study that covers the
central subjects of the field. For instant the course includes, statistical models, Average-Atom model, emission
spectrum, unresolved transition arrays, supertransition arrays, radiation transport, escape factors and x-ray lasers.
181
Course Objectives:
To understand the ionic properties in hot plasmas and the asscoaited processes
To analyze the emission spectrum as a means of plasma diagnostics
To understand the radiation absorbing processes and radiation transport
Course Description:
This course provides a systematic introduction to the physics behind measurements on
plasmas. Most of the contents (descriptions) are taken from laboratory plasma research, but
the focus on principles makes the treatment useful to all experimental and theoretical plasma
physicists, including those interested in space and astrophysical applications.
Course Objectives:
To understand the role of plasma parameters in technological devices
To understand the experimental methods used for study of plasma in nature and in
laboratorydevices
To understand a good laboratory practice in the field of plasma physics
The main objectives of this course are to acquaint the students with different approaches such
as Newtonian, Lagrangian and Hamiltonian of classical mechanics.