Name: Lemuel Glenn Bautista  Most molecules are made of two or more

atoms
GENERAL CHEMISTRY 1  A molecule is the smallest particle of a
substance
LESSON 1- Matter and its properties  with the same properties of the substance.
MATTER NOTE: Compounds are different than molecules
because compound is used to describe the substance
 anything that has mass and takes up space. in general, while molecule describes the smallest
PROPERTIES OF MATTER particle of the substance.
Mixtures, Solutions, and Suspensions
Elements, Molecules, and Compounds
MIXTURES
Elements and compounds make up all the different
kinds of matter in the universe. A mixture is a combination of two or more
substances NOT combined chemically.
ELEMENTS
 May be a mixture of both elements and
Elements are the simplest form of matter. compounds.
 Substances keep their unique properties and
 Cannot be broken down into simpler can be separated by physical means.
substances.
 Each element is made of atoms of the same Two types of mixtures
type.
 Each has a unique set of physical and Homogeneous – the parts (substances) are evenly
chemical properties. distributed. It is difficult to tell one substance from
 118 known elements in the universe. another.
 Approximately 92 are found naturally on Heterogeneous – the parts of the mixture are
Earth. noticeably different from one another.
Six elements make up 99% of all living matter! Solutions, and Suspensions and Colloids
 Sulfur SOLUTIONS
 Potassium
 Oxygen A solution is a mixture that looks like a single
 Nitrogen substance and has the same properties throughout.
 Carbon Solute - the substance that dissolves in a solution.
 Hydrogen
Solvent - the substance into which the solute
COMPOUNDS dissolves.
Compounds are two or more elements combined COLLOIDS
chemically together.
A colloid is a mixture that contains both small
 Properties are different from the properties particles in solution and larger particles in
of the elements that make them up. suspension.
 Elements in a compound have a fixed ratio.
 Colloids do not separate into layers.
Example:  Colloids, like suspensions scatter light.
Most matter in the universe is in the form of Milk is an example of a colloid.
compounds!
In a suspension components are dispersed, but large
MOLECULES enough to see and settle out.
When two or more atoms combine, they form a
molecule.
MASS
 measured with a balance
 the amount of matter in an object
WEIGHT
 a measure of the pull of gravity on an object
DENSITY
 the measurement of how much mass of a
substance is contained in a given volume
VOLUME
 the amount of space an object takes up
 measured with a ruler or graduated cylinder
CHARACTERISTIC PROPERTIES
 are properties that do not change as mass,
volume and/or shape change.
 are properties of a substance, not a specific
object
Examples Include
• Hardness
• pH
• Flammability
• Density