Republic of the Philippines

SORSOGON STATE COLLEGE

Sorsogon City Campus
ENGINEERING AND ARCHITECTURE DEPARTMENT

Exercise #8
Environmental Chemistry 1

Name: Annabelle D. Duka Student No.: 19103891 Score: ________

Course & Year: BSME-1A Instructor: Engr. Noel G. Benavides, Ph.D.

Directions: Answer the following questions. You may use the web and/or any sources for your answer.

1. What do you understand by anoxia or asphyxiation?

 Anoxia happens when your body or brain completely loses its oxygen supply or simply means
without oxygen. Anoxia is usually a result of hypoxia. This means that a part of your body doesn’t
have enough oxygen. When your body is harmed by a lack of oxygen, it’s called a hypoxic-anoxic
injury. Therefore, asphyxia refers to the physiological results of hypoxia or anoxia.

2. What is the effect of CFCs on ozone layer?

 CFCs also known as chlorofluorocarbon are dangerous not only because it can affect our health, but
also because it can also wipe out the ozone layer little by little. And when the ozone layer is gone the
harmful rays like ultraviolet rays can enter our planet and human will suffer from it. Which means
that when it’s wipe, we, people can be burned/scorched by the sun.

3. Write any four methods for waste management?

 Landfills
 Incineration/Combustion
 Composting
 Recycling

4. What do you understand by viable and non-viable particulates?

 Viable and nonviable particles are the two types of particulate matter for which the cleanroom
environments are monitored during quality control and quality assurance in the pharmaceutical
industry. These two has different meanings, viable particles are the particles with at least one
microorganism, affecting the sterility of a product while the non-viable particles are the particles
without microorganisms, but act as a transporting agent for viable particles.

5. What is Greenhouse Effect?

 It is a natural process that warms the Earth’s surface. When the Sun’s energy reaches the Earth’s
atmosphere, some of it is reflected back to space and the rest is absorbed and re-radiated by
greenhouse gases.

6. Differentiate between classical and photochemical smog?

 The word smog is derived from the word smoke and fog. This is the most common example of air
pollution that occurs in many cities throughout the world. There are two types of smog: Classical
smog and Photochemical smog.
 Classical smog is a type of smog which formed due to high concentration of SO 2 and particulate
matter produced from fuel combination. This type of smog reduce in nature, and occurs in cool,
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 humid climate and can cause irritation, bronchitis and lung problem. On the other hand,
Photochemical smog is a type of smog which formed due to the action of sunlight on nitrogen oxides
and hydrocarbons produced by factories or automobiles. This kind of smog oxidize in nature and
occurs in warm, dry and sunny climate which causes irritation to the eyes.

7. What do you understand by global warming? What could be the consequences of global warming?
 Global warming is the mainly human-caused rise of the average temperature of the Earth’s climate
system and has been demonstrated by direct temperature measurements and by measurements of
various effects of the warming.
 Consequences of global warming: Dirtier air, higher death rates, higher wildlife extinction rates,
more acidic oceans, and higher sea levels.

8. What do you understand by green chemistry? How can the environmental pollution be decreased by
green chemistry?
 Green chemistry is the design of chemical products and processes that reduce or eliminate the use or
generation of hazardous substance. Green chemistry is also known as sustainable chemistry. It also
prevents pollution at the molecular level. Also, it applies across the life cycle of a chemical product,
including its design, manufacture, use, and ultimate disposal.
 Green chemistry is a highly effective approach to pollution prevention because it applies innovative
scientific solutions to real-world environmental situations and in addition it results in source
reduction because it prevents the generation of pollution.

9. Why is acid rain as threat to Taj-Mahal?

 Because Taj-Mahal is made up of white marble the chemical name of which is Calcium carbonate.
Therefore, when the acid rain pours down from the sky it comes in contact with Taj-Mahal. And the
reaction between the marble and the acidic rain occurs as a result of which at first it gets yellowish
which later causes erosion. As a result of it the structure gets irreversibly damaged. That is why acid
rain is considered a threat to Taj-Mahal.