Myopathy

Health and Fitness 12

 TABLE OF CONTENTS

ABOUT THE DISEASE

Introduction to types of
01 02 SYMPTOMS
of each type of Myopathy
Myopathy

DIAGNOSIS
How/Where to check
03 04 CAUSES
to get Myopathy

TREATMENT
Cure to help those who had
05 06 PREVENTION
How to decrease chances of
Myopathy getting Myopathy
 ABOUT THE DISEASE

Myopathy is referred to a
clinical disorder of that
affects the skeletal muscles
which control voluntary
movement. Abnormalities of
muscle cell structure and
metabolism lead to various
patterns of weakness and
dysfunction
ABOUT THE DISEASE

There are 2 types of Myopathy:

➔ Acquired Myopathy
➔ Inherited Myopathy
 ABOUT THE DISEASE
Acquired Myopathy Inherited Myopathy

➔ Inflammatory ➔ Muscular Dystrophy

➔ Infection ➔ Congenital Myopathy
➔ Toxic Myopathy ➔ Metabolic Myopathy
➔ Systemic Disease ➔ Mitochondrial Myopathy
 SYMPTOMS OF DISEASE

MUSCLE WEAKNESS Bulbar Muscle

Dysfunction

Motor Delay Respiratory Impairment

Genetic Myopathy/Inherited Myopathy

 SYMPTOMS OF DISEASE
➔ Acquired Myopathy
◆ Muscle weakness
◆ Muscle soreness
◆ Cramps
◆ Stiffness
◆ Muscle wasting around the shoulders and
hips
 SYMPTOMS OF DISEASE

MUSCLE WEAKNESS SATURN VENUS

Mercury is the closest Saturn is the ringed planet. Venus has a beautiful name
planet to the Sun and the It’s a gas giant, composed and is the second planet
smallest one in our Solar mostly of hydrogen and from the Sun. It’s terribly
System helium hot
 CAUSES OF DISEASE
➔ Acquired Myopathy
◆ There are many causes of muscle disease other
than inflammation.
◆ They include infection
◆ Muscle injury due to medicine
◆ Inherited diseases that affect muscle function
◆ Disorders of electrolyte levels
◆ Thyroid disease
◆ It is unknown what causes inflammatory
myopathies. A top theory is that something
goes wrong in the immune system, which leads
to attack of the “self” and muscle
inflammation.
 CAUSES OF DISEASE
➔ Inherited Myopathy
◆ Patients who have a blood relative with a
genetic myopathy have an increased risk for
developing the condition.
◆ Depending on how the myopathy is inherited,
men can be at greater risk than women of
developing the condition.
◆ Myopathies carried on the X chromosome affect
more men than women
◆ Those carried on chromosomes other than the
sex chromosome affect both men and women
equally.
 DIAGNOSIS

MUSCLE STRENGTH
TEST ELECTROMYOGRAPHY ULTRASOUND
Physical exam which Technique for evaluating Uses of sound waves to
evaluate the recording the electrical treat medical problems,
weakness, imbalance activities produced by especially musculoskeletal
and poor endurance skeletal muscle problems

MAGNETIC RESONANCE
IMAGING GENETIC TESTS A MUSCLE BIOPSY
Technique to form images Test for any genetic Procedure to test
of the anatomy and the diseases diseases involving
physiological processes muscle tissues
 TREATMENT
➔ Inherited Myopathy
◆ There is no direct cure.
◆ Very effective if diagnosed early
◆ A comprehensive treatment plan/program
● Physical therapy
● Occupational therapy
● Management of contractures
● Nutrition and genetic counseling
 TREATMENT
➔ Acquired Myopathy
◆ Myopathies that result from systemic diseases
are best treated by correcting the underlying
endocrine or electrolyte abnormality.
◆ In patients with drug- or toxin-induced
rhabdomyolysis, withdrawal of the offending
agent is key.
◆ Control of the underlying infection is
important for bacterial, parasitic, or
spirochete-related myopathies as well as
postinfectious inflammatory myositis.
◆ In HIV-related myositis, treatment with the
combination of highly active antiretroviral
therapy (HAART) and steroids may be
beneficial.
 PREVENTION
➔ There are no known ways to prevent myopathy.
➔ Muscle inflammation may be caused by an allergic
reaction, exposure to a toxic substance or medicine,
another disease such as cancer or rheumatic conditions,
or a virus or other infectious agent.
➔ The chronic inflammatory myopathies are idiopathic,
meaning they have no known cause.
➔ Exercise regularly
➔ Get enough sleep
➔ Avoid taking medicines without doctor’s advices
 REFERENCES

● https://www.cedars-sinai.org/health-library/diseases-and-conditions/m/myopathy.html
● http://www.clevelandclinicmeded.com/medicalpubs/diseasemanagement/neurology/myopa
thy/
● https://www.wellstar.org/medical-care/neuroscience/other-neurological-conditions/pages/
myopathy-muscle-disease-prevention.aspx
● https://www.rheumatology.org/I-Am-A/Patient-Caregiver/Diseases-Conditions/Inflammator
y-Myopathies#:~:text=What%20causes%20myopathies%20and%20who,electrolyte%20levels
%2C%20and%20thyroid%20disease.
 THANKS

Does anyone have any questions?

PRATCH CHAIYAWAT (KUN)

1204