2.1.

1 Atomic Structure
1. Isotopes of many elements exist in nature.
a) Define the term isotope
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[1]
b) Explain with reason whether following statement is true or not.
‘Isotopes have similar chemical properties but may have different physical properties’
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[2]
[Total 3 marks]

2. Mass spectrum can be used to calculate relative atomic mass of elements. Mass spectrum of
zirconium (Zr) is shown below:

a) Calculate relative atomic mass of zirconium.

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[2]

b) Element Copper (Cu) has a relative atomic mass of 63.5. Two isotopes of copper exist: 63Cu and 65Cu.
Construct the mass spectrum of copper.

[2]

[Total 4 marks]

3. Bromine has two isotopes Br79 (50%) and Br81(50%).

a) Why are chemical properties of both isotopes the same?
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[1]
b) The mass spectrum of bromine gives 3 peaks. Draw possible mass spectrum of bromine.

[2]
[Total 3 marks]
4. The table below gives information about sub-atomic particles

a)Complete the table

[3]
b) Define Atomic number
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[1]
c) Define Mass number
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[1]
[Total 4 marks]

5. Mass spectrum of boron is shown below

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 a) How many Isotopes of boron exist?
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[1]
b) Calculate the relative mass of boron

[1]
[Total 2 marks]
6. An element X in the periodic table is represented as:
A
Z X

a) What is denoted by ‘A’ and ‘Z’?

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[1]
b) Negetive ion of X, X- has same number of electrons as argon
i) What is the name of element X?
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[1]
ii) Draw electronic structure of ion of X showing electrons in all the shells.

[1]
[Total 3 marks]

7. Gallium hat two isotopes Ga-69 (relative abundance 60.1) and Ga-71 (relative abundance39.9).
a) Define relative atomic mass.

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[2]
b) Find relative atomic mass of Gallium.

[2]
[Total 4 marks]

8. Use periodic table to identify the elements with the following information.
a) Mass number= 7 and number of neutrons= 4.
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[1]
b) Number of protons= 7 and number of neutrons= 7.
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[1]
b) Number of protons= 8 and number of neutrons= 8.
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[1]

[Total 3 marks]

9. Use the following table to calculate the relative atomic mass of Magnesium. Clearly write down the
formula you are using.

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[3]

[Total 3 marks]

10. Cl has two isotopes Cl35 (75%) and Cl37(25%). Draw the mass spectra caused by the chlorine diatomic
molecules. Clearly label the axis.

[Total 4 marks]