ACTIVITY: RIZAL’S LIFE AND WORKS
1. Make a table comparing and contrasting Rizal and Morga's views on Filipino
culture.
Rizal’s View
Rizal’s Annotation
Philippines was NOT DESERTED and was
actually HABITABLE
Spaniards, like any other nation, treat food
to which they are not accustomed or is
unknown to them with disgust. This fish that
Morga mentions is bagoong (salted &
fermented fish).
LIFESTYLE
A lawlaw is called a salted and dried sardine.
He said that Morga seems to refer to tawilis
of Batangas or dilis.
LANGUAGE
In Tagalog, a house is called “pamamahay”.
Rizal said that it is impossible that bahandin
has been printed for bahayin, because it is an
obsolete derivative.
Asawa is the term called for the wife of a
native man.
BELIEFS
Indios are very careful not to take a bathe
Morga’s View
Morga’s Sucesos
Philippines was DESERTED and
INHABITABLE
Beef and fish they know it best when
it has started to rot and stink 
LIFESTYLE
A lawlaw is a very small fish which is
netted, dried in the sun or air, then
cooked in various ways.
LANGUAGE
He said that a house with the parents
and children in room together is called
“bahandin”.
According to Morga, Inasawa is a wife
married to a native man.
BELIEFS
Taking a bathe without regard to
during siesta, after luncheon, first two days
of catarrh, and etc. : hygienic custom
Indios are very careful not to take a bathe
during siesta, after luncheon, first two days
of catarrh, and etc. : hygienic custom
There had been friars eaten by crocodiles
while Indios escaped
These priests, “Catalona / Babaylan” are
well-dressed rich people that were not
honoured because they are considered as
loafers. Case of Francisco Amandao as proof
where he offered half of his body to the
Anitos and later on the other half was
paralyzed. “public testimony of heathenism”
SOCIAL
Namamahay slaves still exist but they are
now called ‘kasama’, they are now partners or
laborers of a capitalist or farmer.
A Filipino woman helps his husband and is not
seen as a burden when they get married.
To a man, marrying means getting introduced
to a lifestyle that a bachelor is not
accustomed with, especially in terms
economy, or financially.
Rizal pointed out that ‘friendly relations’
were more common than those of wars
whether this might be injurious to
their health
Crocodiles that are larger in size are
superior to the natives
These reptiles are involved to the
oaths and execrations hurdled to their
hated people – even among Christians.
There were no priest or a man of
religion to attend to religious matters
except old men, sorcerers and
wizards, People believed in omens and
superstitions which the devil inspired
them to do, so that they could tell
whether the sick person would live or
die.
SOCIAL
Namamahay are those who help build
their master’s house, and serve
frequently as helpers when there are
guests, and serve their master when
the master requires them to, without
compensation.
The groom contributes a dowry that
he had received from his parents,
while the bride does not bring
anything until she inherits some from
her parents.
Morga said that in every island or
provinces, many principals were known
among the people, some being more
important and having followers, which
families and barrios obeyed and
respected.
These known individuals or families
form friendship and relationships with
each other and sometimes, due to
differences, even wars.