REPORT

ON
PULSE POLIO
PROGRAMME

Submitted to

Mrs. T.Nanthini,
Associate professor
Dept. of Community Health Nursing
MTPG&RIHS
 PULSE POLIO PROGRAMME

INTRODUCTION

We the M.Sc. II year, Community health nursing students of MTPG & RIHS
participated in pulse polio programme at 19.1.2020.

PULSE POLIO PROGRAMME IN INDIA

Pulse Polio is an immunization campaign established by the government of India to eliminate

poliomyelitis (polio) in India by vaccinating all children under the age of five years against
the polio virus. The project fights polio through a large-scale, pulse vaccination programme
and monitoring for poliomyelitis cases. Vellore ,(Tamil Nadu) was the first Indian town to
become 100% polio-free through the pulse strategy, and rest of India adopted the strategy in
1995.

India committed to the resolution passed by World Health Assembly for global polio
eradication in 1988.

 Country introduced polio vaccine under Expanded Programme on Immunization

(EPI, 1978), and subsequently in Universal Immunization Programme (UIP,
1985), but started carrying out special polio campaigns from 1995.
 At presenting routine immunization, bivalent oral polio vaccine(OPV) drops are
being provided to all children less than five years of age and Inactivated Polio
Vaccine (IPV) to children less than one year of age.
 National Immunization Days (NIDs) commonly known as Pulse Polio
Immunization programme was launched in India in 1995, and is conducted twice
in early part of each year.
 Additionally, multiple rounds (at least two) of sub - National Immunization
Days(SNIDs) have been conducted over the years in high risk states/areas.
 In these campaigns, children in the age group of 0-5 years are administered polio
drops. Over 170 million children are immunized during each NID and 77 million
in SNID.

WHO, on 24th February 2012, removed India from the list of “endemic countries with
active polio virus transmission”.
  On 27th March 2014, the Regional Certification Commission of World Health
Organization certified South-East Asia Region of WHO, which includes India, as
polio free. This is a remarkable achievement considering the fact that in 2009
India accounted for half of the total number of polio cases globally and there were
an estimated 2 lakh cases of polio every year in the country in the year 1978.
 There are 24 lakh vaccinators and 1.5 lakh supervisors involved in the successful
implementation of the polio campaigns.

PREVENTIVE PULSE POLIO

The Pulse Polio Initiative (PPI) aims at covering every individual in the country. It aspires to
reach even children in remote communities through an improved social mobilisation plan.

Not a single child should miss the immunization and leaving no chance of polio occurrence.

Cases of acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) to be reported in time and stool specimens of them to
be collected within 14 days. Outbreak response immunization (ORI) to be conducted as early
as possible.

Maintaining a high level of surveillance.

STEPS INVOLVED

 Setting up of booths in all parts of the country.

 Initializing walk-in cold rooms, freezer rooms, deep freezers, ice-lined refrigerators
and cold boxes for a steady supply of vaccine to booths.
 Arranging employees, volunteers, and vaccines.
 Ensuring vaccine vial monitor on each vaccine vial.
 Immunizing children with OPV on national immunization days.
 Identifying missing children from immunization process.
 Surveillance of efficacy.

VACCINE VIAL MONITORING

A vaccine vial monitor (VVM) is a thermochromics label put on vials containing vaccines
which gives a visual indication of whether the vaccine has been kept at a temperature which
preserves its potency. The labels were designed in response to the problem of delivering
vaccines to developing countries where the cold chain is difficult to preserve, and where
formerly vaccines were being rendered inactive and administered ineffectively due to their
having been denatured by exposure to ambient temperature.

POLIO VACCINE

The World Health Organization has described VVMs as crucial in the spread of polio
vaccination programs.

USE

The vaccine vial monitor consists of a heat sensitive square within a circle. If the monitor is
exposed to heat it changes color with time and with increasing speed in hotter conditions. If
the square becomes the same color as the circle or becomes darker than the circle, then the
vaccine contained in the vial is damaged and the vial should be discarded.
ACTIVITIES

CONCLUSION

This pulse polio programme was very useful and we were actively participated and
contributed our health service to the community.