CHAPTER 1: INRODUCTION

In a modern era home automation is a key of convenient and fast lifestyle, whenever we are in
the world by using a simple application we can control our home appliances. Google assistant is
AI (Artificial intelligence) based voice command service. Using voice we can interact with
Google assistant and it can search on the internet, schedule events, set alarms, control appliances
etc.

This service is available on smart phones and Google home devices. We can control home
devices including lights, switches, fans and thermostats using our Google assistant. To build
home automation interface, we used three different platforms i.e. Google assistant, Adafruit,
IFTTT and the hardware we used is Node MCU – 32bit ESP8266 development board with Wi-Fi
SoC, relays, analog multiplexer, sound and light sensor.

Nowadays, we have remote controls for our television sets and other electronic systems, which
have made our lives real easy. Have you ever wondered about home automation which would
give the facility of controlling tube lights, fans and other electrical appliances at home using a
remote control? Off-course, Yes! But, are the available options cost-effective? If the answer is
No, we have found a solution to it. We have come up with a new system called Node MCU
based home automation using Google assistant. This system is super-cost effective and can give
the user, the ability to control any electronic device without even spending for a remote control.
This project helps the user to control all the electronic devices using his/her smart phone.

Time is a very valuable thing. Everybody wants to save time as much as they can. New
technologies are being introduced to save our time. To save people’s time we are introducing
Home Automation system using Google assistant . With the help of this system you can control
your home appliances from your mobile phone. You can turn on/off your home appliances.

Fig.1 Node MCU control home automation

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1.1 Electrical Engineering

1.1.1 Node MCU: Node microcontroller unit is named as Node MCU which is open source
software and firmware that is built around system on chip called the ESP8266. The
ESP8266 is designed and manufactured by express. It contains the circuit elements like
CPU, RAM, networking, modem operating system. The Node MCU aims to simplify
ESP8266 development. It has an operating voltage of 3.3v. it has operating temperature
range of 40 degree Celsius to 125 degree Celsius

Fig.2 Node MCU development board

1.1.2 Relays: A relay is switch that opens and closes electronically. It consists of mainly 5
pins. They are 2 coils pins, 1 connection pin, 1 no connection pin, 1 common pin.
Initially at the off state, it is connected to no connection pin. But when we give the input
from the microcontroller then magnetic field between the coil pins produces current so it
shifts to connection pin and the current will pass through the load.

Fig.3 5v Relay

1.1.3 Arduino IDE: Arduino IDE stands for Arduino integrated development environment
which is a cross platform application for windows, Linux, the programming language
mainly used in this arduino software is java. Using special code structuring it also
supports language like c and c++. The arduino IDE employs the program to convert the
executable code into a text file in the hexadecimal encoding that is loaded into the
arduino board by a loader program in the board’s firmware.

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 Fig.4 Arduino IDE software

1.1.4 IFTTT Application: IFTTT stands for IF THIS THEN THAT. IFTTT is a website and
mobile app that was launched in 2010 and has the slogan. The idea if IFTTT is to
automatic everything from your favorite apps and website to app enabled accessories and
smart devices. What the company provides is a software platform that connects apps,
devices, and services. Here the IFTTT application will bridge the gap between the
Google assistant and Adafruit.

Fig.5 IFTTT

1.1.5 Adafruit: Adafruit.io is a cloud service that just means we run it for you and you don’t
have to manage it. You can connect to it over the internet. It’s meant primarily for storing
and then retrieving data but it can do a lot more than just that, it can display data in real
time online, connected project to web service like twitter, weather service, etc. it can
handle and visualize multiple feeds of data. Use trigger in adafruit IO to connect and
react to your data. Configure triggers to email you when your system goes offline, react
to a temperature sensor getting too hot, and publish a message to a new feed.
Dashboards are a feature integrated into Adafruit IO which allow you to chart, graph,
gauge, log and display your data. You can view your dashboard from anywhere in the
world.

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 Fig.6 Adafruit.IO

1.1.6 Google assistant: Google assistant is an artificial intelligence powered virtual assistance
developed by Google that is primarily available on mobile and smart home devices. The
Google assistant can engage a two way conversation.

Fig.7 Google Assistant

1.2 MOTIVATION:
With the exponential growth of the relatively old concept of home automation, the
installation of the system and managing it are still very complex to deal with.
In this project we are creating a simple way to manage multiple end points by the average
user, using a smart phone.

1.3 OBJECTIVE:
 To implement a low cost, reliable and scalable home automation system that can be
used to remotely switch on or off any household appliances.
 To save energy or power used in place like office or home where lighting is very
much important for the people and provides an automated life style.
 Used low price materials and devices.
 To show the effective way of power utilization and conservation.
 To create awareness about home automation.

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 CHAPTER 2: DESCRIPTION

2.1 Description of the Project:

This project is one of the important Node MCU projects. Node MCU based home
automation using Google assistant project helps the user to control any electronic device on
android Smartphone. Google assistant send commands to IFTTT and IFTTT work as a
bridge between the assistant and Adafruit. After interfacing Adafruit send commands to the
Node MCU for controlling the home appliances. Sound sensor, light sensor, DHT11 and
Gas sensor also connect to the adafruit.io and Node MCU using analog multiplexer. Relay
can be connected to different load or electronic devices. A buzzer is also placed in the
system to show the working when Google assistant start interfacing with a Adafruit or when
assistant completely interface with the Adafruit.
By just simply saying turn on the light 1 the light 1 is switched on. The light1 can be
switched off, by just saying turn off light1.
Similarly we can control other loads or appliances connected to the circuit or relays.
This project of home automation using Google assistant and Node MCU for controlling any
AC or DC devices. In the demonstration we have used DC bulb. To drive this DC Fan and
Light, a 9v supply is connected.

Ok Google
turns on
fan

RELAY

MULTIPLEXER
LOAD

SENSORS

Fig.8 bock diagram of home automation

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2.2 Hardware Requirement:
The list of components mentioned here are specifically for controlling 4 different loads.

 Node MCU development board

 1n4007 diode X 4
 BC547 Transistors X 4
 330 Ohm resistor X 4
 16 channel analog multiplexer module
 Sound sensor
 Light sensor
 Gas sensor
 DHT 11
 Voltage regulator
 Smartphone
 Pcb board
 5v Relay X 4
 9v power supply
 Connecting wires

2.3 Software Requirements:

 Arduino IDE
 IFTTT
 Adafruit.io
 Google assistant

2.4 Pros of Home Automation

 Energy Efficiency

Increase your home’s energy efficiency by remotely powering off systems and appliances when
they aren’t in use. In addition to the standard home automation products that give you active
control, some products actively monitor systems and arm the homeowner with knowledge,
insight and guidance to achieve greater control and energy efficiency.

 Savings

Home automation literally pays off. When you are able to use home systems and appliances only
when needed, the savings will be apparent in the first utility bill. No more wasting money on
lights left on when you aren’t home, or spending money on gas to drive home because you forgot

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to lock the door. Monetary savings are apparent, but you’ll also be saving time. No wasted trips
home, no running through the house turning everything off, no time spent worrying about what
was or wasn’t turned off.

 Convenience

Don’t you hate having to rely on neighbors to watch your house when you’re gone? With home
automation, convenient control of your home is at your fingertips. You don’t have to trust
someone else with your most valued possessions.

 Comfort

Ever leave for work in the morning when it was a comfortable 68° outside only to come home to
a sweltering house because the temperature shot up to 90°? Connected home products like the
Wi-Fi Thermostats let you conveniently adjust your home temperature from the mobile app so
your family is always comfortable.

2.5 Cons of Home Automation

 Cost of Intelligence

Installing state-of-the-art features inside a home result in a higher price tag for the property. The
cost of an intelligent home that makes our lives convenient is high because some of the
technology is relatively new. The cost of living expenses such as utilities, maintenance and repair
of the technology can be expensive as well.

 Technology Learning Curve

Owning a smart home means having to learn how to use your home. Unlike traditional homes,
smart home technology requires you to adapt to the innovations within your living area such as
security systems, air units and a remote that controls your entire house. For the technology-savvy
family, the smart home will help achieve convenience faster, but for others, it will take reading
manuals and learning how-to before the benefits of convenience pay off.

 Video Surveillance

Video surveillance can be a wonderful tool in heightening security and deterring crime, but when
the technology falls into the wrong hands, issues of privacy can occur. Security sensors within
the doors and walls of a smart home use wireless technology to transfer signals to a central
control unit that notifies emergency officials of any foreign activity.

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 CHAPTER 3: RESULT
Applets are created in IFTTT then the device to be turned on is given to that particular relay for
which the applet is created. So if we want to turn on the first device then it must be connected to
relay 1. When we give command turn on the bulb then automatically the bulb will turn on.

The result was positive and the system responded well. The figures show the complete prototype
implementation of the proposed system

Fig.9 light turned OFF and then ON

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 CHAPTER 4: CONCLUSION
The home automation using the internet of things has been proven to work by connecting simple
appliances to it and the appliances were successfully controlled through internet. The designed
system processes according to the requirements, for example switching on the light when we
give the command this will help the user to get an overview of various parameters in the home
anytime anywhere. Low cost and flexible home automation system using Node MCU
microcontroller is proposed and implemented. Overall, Node MCU is easy to understand & its
coding is easy. By implementing this type of system, we can ensure that the energy conversation
can be done. By help of this system w can increase the efficiency of the appliances. We can have
the complete control over the home appliances from a long distance. This will increase the
comfort ability of human being and it will reduce the human efforts.

Using this home automation system as a reference the system can be expanded to include various
other options which could include home security features like capturing the photo of a person
moving around the house and storing in onto the cloud. Moreover if we want to operate a
particular device at some place them this will be helpful to do that, but this can make better by
thinking out of the box and by innovating ideas.

We learned many skills such as soldering, wiring the circuit and other tools that we use for
this project and was able to work together as a team during this project.

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 REFERENCES
1. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/325710895_IOT_BASED_HOME_AUTOMATION_BY_
USING_PERSONAL_ASSISTANT
2. https://www.academia.edu/38683395/Home_Automation_Based_On_IoT_Using_Google_Assist
ant
3. https://www.irjet.net/archives/V5/i5/IRJET-V5I5395.pdf
4. http://ijisset.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/04/IJISSET-030406.pdf
5. IFTTT:https://ifttt.com/discoverhttps://www.pocketlint.com/smarthome/smarhomenews\
6. NodeMCU:
https://nodemcu.readthedocs.io/en/masterhttps://iotbytes.wordpress.com/nodemcupinout/
7. Google assistant: https://assistant.google.com/intl/en_in/
8. https://www.pocketlint.com/apps/appsnews/googlecappnews
9. Iot:https://internetofthingsagenda.techtarget.com/definition/iot-device.
10. www.quora.com
11. www.usaautomatic.com
12. www.electronicsworldforyou.com

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