INS Kavaratti

The last of four indigenously built Anti-Submarine Warfare (ASW)

stealth corvettes- जगी जहाज़ “INS Kavaratti” is scheduled to be
commissioned into the Indian Navy at Naval Dockyard,
Visakhapatnam.
👉 About
◎ What is it?  INS Kavaratti (P31) is an anti-
submarine warfare corvette of the Indian Navy built
under Project 28.
◎ Built by  The ship was built by the Garden Reach
Shipbuilders and Engineers, Kolkata.
◎ Note: The warship class above the corvette is that of
the frigate, while the class below was historically that
of the sloop-of-war.
 INS Kavaratti
◎ Kavaratti represents a leap forward in the Navy's attempts at indigenisation
with as much as 90% of its content drawn from India itself.
◎ It is capable of fighting under nuclear, biological and chemical
environments. It will be a frontline warship of the Indian Navy with
advanced stealth features and a low radar signature that enhances its anti-
submarine warfare capability.
◎ Kavaratti is India's one of the first ship to have a superstructure of carbon
fibre composite material that has been integrated with its main hull
resulting in lower top weight and maintenance costs and improved stealth
features.
 INS Kavaratti
👉 Kamorta-classcorvettesorProject28
◎ The Kamorta-class corvettes or Project 28 are a class of anti-submarine
warfare corvettes currently in service with the Indian Navy.
◎ Built at Garden Reach Shipbuilders & Engineers (GRSE), Kolkata.
◎ They are the first anti-submarine warfare stealth corvettes to be built in
India.
◎ The order for four Kamorta-class corvettes were placed in 2003 by the
Indian Navy i.e. INS Kamorta(2010), INS Kadmatt(2013), INS Kiltan(2015)
and INS Kavaratti.
 Indian Institute of Public Administration
Union MoS (I/C) DoNER (The Ministry of Development of North
Eastern Region), MoS (Personnel & Parliamentary Affairs) Dr Jitendra
Singh today presided over the 317th Executive Council meeting of the
Indian Institute of Public Administration (IIPA) as its new Chairman.
👉 About
◎ What is it? It is an autonomous research and
training organisation under the Ministry of
Personnel of the Government of India.
 Indian Institute of Public Administration
◎Estalished in  1954 by the then Prime minister J.L.Nehru.
◎objectives
○ To promote and provide for the study of Public Administration and
economic and political science with special reference to public
administration and the machinery of government and educational
purposes incidental thereto.
○ To undertake, organise and facilitate study courses, conferences and
lectures and research in matters relating to public administration and
the machinery of government.
○ To undertake and provide for the publication of journals and of
research papers and books.
 Aditi Urja Sanch
◎ The Union Minister of Science and Technology and Earth
Sciences recently inaugurated the Dimethyl ether (DME) fired
“Aditi Urja Sanch” unit along with the DME-LPG blended fuel
cylinders. It is a newly designed Burner.

👉 About
◎ What is it  It is a burner design to
burn DME and DME blended fuel.
◎ Developed by  Burner is fully
designed and fabricated by CSIR-NCL
(National Chemical Laboratory).
◎ The simplest ether, it is a
colorless gas
 Aditi Urja Sanch
◎ This burner will also provide a significant boost to the ‘Make in India’
campaign as all the manufacturers of cylinders, gas stoves, regulators, and
gas hose are domestic. This kind of activity may bridge the gap between
demand and supply, and it can ensure energy security for the nation.
◎ Its efficiency is 10-15 %, more compared to conventional burners using LPG
alone.
👉 About DME
◎Dimethyl ether (DME) is an ultra-clean fuel.
◎ CSIR-NCL has developed nation’s first kind of DME pilot plant with 20-
24Kg/day capacity.
 Aditi Urja Sanch
◎ The conventional LPG burner is not suitable for DME combustion as DME
density is different than LPG.
◎ The DME process technology is economical, cost-effective, and scalable
with in-situ product purification as well as a heat integration unit that
produces pure DME.
 Azad Hind Government
Culture and Tourism Minister today took part in the commemoration
event of 77th Anniversary of the Formation of Azad Hind Government
at Red Fort in Delhi.

👉 About
◎ It was established by Netaji Subhash Chandra
Bose on 21 0ctober, 1943 at Singapore with
support from Axis Powers of
Japan,Germany,Italy etc.
◎ He was the Head of State of this Provisional
Indian Government-in-exile and
Revolutionary leader Rash Behari Bose was
designated as the supreme advisor.
 Azad Hind Government
◎ The government proclaimed authority over Indian civilian and military
personnel in Southeast Asian British colonial territory and prospective
authority over Indian territory to fall to the Japanese forces and the Indian
National Army during the Japanese thrust towards India during the Second
World War.

◎ However, while it possessed all the nominal requisites of a legitimate

government, it lacked large and definite areas of sovereign territory until
Japan gave it nominal authority of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands in
1943 and the occupation of parts of Manipur and Nagaland.
 Azad Hind Government
◎Under the provisional government:
○ Bose was the head of the state, the prime minister and the minister for
war and foreign affairs.
○ Captain Lakshmi headed the women’s organisation.
○ S A Ayer headed the publicity and propaganda wing.
○ Rash Behari Bose was designated as the supreme advisor.
◎ Bose’s death was seen as the end to the Azad Hind movement. The Second
World War also ended in 1945 with the defeat of the Axis power
 OSIRIS-REx
NASA robot Pogo sticked off an asteroid Bennu (small, rocky
objects that orbit the Sun) yesterday and Grabbed a sample of dirt
and rock, material, deliver them back to Earth in 2023 that
could give scientist new insight to the birth of the solar system.
👉 About
◎ What is it?  OSIRIS-REx will be the first U.S.
mission to collect a sample from an asteroid and
bring it to Earth.
◎ Launched by  NASA in 2016.
◎ It is the third major planetary science mission for
NASA’s New Frontiers Program (after New Horizons
launched in 2006 and Juno launched in 2011).
 OSIRIS-REx
◎ The OSIRIS-REx mission is not the first to ever visit an asteroid and attempt
a sample return — Japan has done (Hayabusa Mission) it before and
Europe (Rosetta Mission) has managed to land on a comet.
◎ The Mission aims to study asteroid Bennu, collect a sample and return it to
Earth in 2023.
◎ Significance of Mission 
○ Origins of the Solar System
○ Protecting Earth
○ Mining, LaunchPad, and Future Explorations
 Asteroid Bennu
👉 AboutasteroidBennu

◎ The asteroid was discovered on September 11,

1999.
◎ The name Bennu comes from an Egyptian deity
related to the Sun.
◎ Bennu is a 500-meter wide asteroid in an
elliptical orbit around the sun.
◎ It is a carbonaceous asteroid composition
including a large amount of carbon.
 Anemia Mukt BharatIndex
Recently, the Union Ministry of Health & Family Welfare has released
the Anemia Mukt Bharat (AMB)Index.

👉 Key Highlights

◎ Haryana was ranked at the top slot with an

AMB Index of 46.7 among the 29states.
◎ It is one of the 11 states of India that has
achieved the national health policy targets
well before 2020.
 Anemia Mukt BharatIndex
👉 AnemiaMukt Bharat:
◎ What is it?  It is an initiative of the Ministry of Health and Family
Welfare and UNICEF.
◎ Aim  Toreduce the prevalence ofAnemia all over India.
◎ Target Beneficiaries  The target beneficiaries are Children (6-59
months), Children(5-9 years), Adolescent Girls & Boys of 10-19 years,
Women of Reproductive Age (15-49 years), Pregnant Women and
LactatingMothers.
◎ Target Interventions  Prophylactic Iron and Folic Acid supplementation,
Deworming, Intensified Year round behaviour change communication
activities, Testing of anemia using digital methods, Mandatory provision of
Iron and Folic Acid fortified foods in government-funded health
programmes and Addressing non-nutritional causes of anemia.
 Anemia Mukt BharatIndex
👉 Anemia
◎ What is it?  Anemia is a condition in which you lack enough healthy red
blood cells to carry adequate oxygen to your body’s tissues. Having
anemia can make you feel tired and weak.
◎ Causes  Anemia is caused due to iron deficiency.
◎ There are many forms of anemia, each with its own cause. Anemia can be
temporary or long term, and it can range from mild tosevere.
◎ Symptoms  may include fatigue, skin pallor, shortness of breath, light-
headedness, dizziness or a fast heartbeat.
Anemia Mukt BharatIndex
 COVIRAPTesting
Recently, Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) has approved a
new low-cost Covid-19 diagnostic method namedCOVIRAP.

👉 About COVIRAPTesting
◎ What is it?  It is a cuboid-shaped portable
testing device that can deliver results in an
hour making it an effective tool to scale up
Covid-19 screening in peripheral and rural
areas.
◎ Developed by  the Indian Institute of
Technology (IIT), Kharagpur.
 COVIRAPTesting
◎ How it works? 
○ The machine employs an isothermal nucleic acid amplification method.
○ Once the sample was processed in the machine after being mixed with
solutions developed by the IIT team, treated paper strips — similar to
the pregnancy strips — are dipped into it, and the emergence of
coloured lines will depict the presence of thevirus.
COVIRAPTesting
 National Super Computing Mission(NSM)
Recently, the Department of Science and Technology has announced
that the third phase of the National Supercomputing Mission (NSM)
will kick start in January 2021, taking computing speed to around 45
petaflops.
👉 About NSM
◎ Parent Body  It is steered jointly by the
Ministry of Electronics and IT (MeitY) and
Department of Science and Technology(DST).
◎ Implemented by  the Centre for
Development of Advanced Computing (C-DAC),
Pune and the Indian Institute of Science (IISc),
Bengaluru.
 National Super Computing Mission(NSM)
◎ The major objective of the NSM are  To make India one of the world
leaders in Supercomputing and to enhance India’s capability in solving
grand challenge problems of national and globalrelevance
◎ Targets  The target of the mission was set to establish a network of
supercomputers ranging from a few Tera Flops (TF) to Hundreds of Tera
Flops (TF) and three systems with greater than or equal to 3 Peta Flops (PF)
in academic and research institutions of National importance across the
country by 2022.
◎ Achievements 
○ The first supercomputer assembled indigenously, called Param Shivay,
was installed in IIT (BHU).
○ The similar systems Param Shakti and Param Brahma were installed at
IIT-Kharagpur and IISER, Pune.
 District Development Councils(DDCs)
The Central Government recently amended the Jammu and Kashmir
Panchayati Raj Act, 1989 and facilitate the setting up of District
Development Councils (DDC).

👉 About DDCs
◎ What are DDCs?  This system effectively
replaces the District Planning and Development
Boards in all districts, and will prepare and
approve district plans and capitalexpenditure.
◎ The DDCs will act as a new unit of governance
in J&K.
 District Development Councils(DDCs)
◎ Composition of DDCs 
○ Their key feature, however, is that the DDCs will have elected
representatives from each district.
○ Their number has been specified at 14 elected members per district
representing its rural areas, alongside the Members of Legislative
Assembly chairpersons of all Block Development Councils within the
district.
◎ Term of reference
○ The term of the DDC will be five years, and the electoral process will
allow for reservations for Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes and
women.
○ The Additional District Development Commissioner (or the Additional
DC) of the district shall be the Chief Executive Officer of the District
Development Council.
 District Development Councils (DDCs)
○ The council, as stated in the Act, will hold at least four “general
meetings” in a year, one in eachquarter.
◎ Who will elect the members of DDC?  They will be directly elected by
voters in the Union Territory.
 Azaad HindGovernment
77th anniversary of the Azad Hind Government was witnessed in
October 2020.

👉 About Azaad Hind Government

◎ It was established by Netaji Subhash Chandra
Bose in 1943 at Singapore with support from
Axis Powers of Japan, Germany, Italy and
allies.
◎ Also known as Arzi Hukumat-e-Azad Hind.
 Azaad HindGovernment
◎ Why was it set up? 
○ Bose was convinced that armed struggle was the only way to achieve
independence for India. Under his provisional government, the Indians
living abroad had been united.
○ The Indian National Army (Azad Hind Fauj) drew ex- prisoners and
thousands of civilian volunteers from the Indian expatriate population
in Malaya (present-day Malaysia) and Burma (nowMyanmar).
◎ Under the provisional government 
○ Bose was the head of the state, the prime minister and the minister for
war and foreign affairs.
○ Captain Lakshmi headed the women’s organisation.
○ S A Ayer headed the publicity and propagandawing.
○ Rash Behari Bose was designated as the supremeadvisor.
 Azaad HindGovernment
◎ Key features 
○ TheAzad Hind government had its own court, civil code and currency.
○ Its provisional capital was Port Blair, while its capital-in-exile was
Rangoon and Singapore.
◎ How it came to an end? 
○ A provisional government was also formed in the Japanese-occupied
Andaman and Nicobar Islands. The islands were reoccupied by the
British in 1945.
○ Bose’s Death and defeat of Axis powers in world war 2 eventually
ended the Azad Hind Government.
Azaad HindGovernment
 Quick revision(True/False)

Question True / False

1. Arzi Hukumat-e-Azad Hind.-> had its own court,
civil code and currency.

2. National Super Computing Mission-> To make India one of the world

leaders in Supercomputing

3. OSIRIS-REx -> is a NASA Mars-studyand sample-return mission.

4. Anemia -> caused due to irondeficiency.

District Development Councils (DDCs) -> Members will be indirectly

5. elected by voters in the UnionTerritory.

2211
 Quick revision (True/False)

Question True / False

1. INS Kavaratti -> is an Air craft carrier corvette of the Indian Navy built
under Project 28.

2. Indian Institute of Public Administration-> is an autonomous research

and training organization under ministry of Home Affairs.
Aditi Urja Sanch -> A Burner is fully designed and fabricated by CSIR-
3. NCL (National Chemical Laboratory).

4. Azad Hind Government -> Was formed by the Lala Har Dayal Singh in
Singapore.

5. OSIRIS-REx -> is a mission of European Space Agency to explore asteroid

Bennu.
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