FLOW IN CLOSED CONDUITS

Sample Problem 1

The industrial scrubber B as shown in the figure consumes water (

at the rate of 0.1 . If the pipe is 150 mm commercial pipe and f=0.016, compute the
following

a. Reynolds number.
b. The total head loss from A to B.
c. The necessary tank pressure .

Solution

a. Reynolds number

b. Total head loss

( (
( (
c. The necessary tank pressure

(
(

Sample Problem 2
The head loss in 74 m. of 150 mm diameter pipe is known to be 9 m. when oil
(sp.gr. 0.90) flows at 0.057 Absolute viscosity of oil is 0.0389 Pa. s.
a. Determine the Reynold number.
b. Determine the friction factor “f”.
c. Determine the shear stress at the wall of pipe.

Solution
a. Reynolds number

( ( (

b. Friction factor
 ( (
( (

c. Shear stress at the wall of pipe.

( ( (

Sample Problem 3
In the syringe as shown in the figure, the drug has 900 kg/ and an absolute
viscosity . Neglecting head loss in the larger cylinder.

a. What is the value of the Reynolds number for a flow of 0.4 mL/sec. through the
needle?
b. What is the headloss?
c. Calculate the force required for a flow of 0.4 mL/sec.

Solution

a. Reynolds Number
Energy equation from A to B

(
 ( (

b. Head loss:

( (
( ( (

c. Force required to produce a flow of 0.4 mL/sec.

(
( ( (

( )(
 Problem 1
The system consists of 1000 m. of 50 mm cast iron pipe, two and four
flanged long-radius elbows, a fully open flanged globe valve and a sharp exit into a
reservoir. Water flows at a rate of 5 liters/sec. from point 1 into the reservoir
whose free surface lies 100 m. above point 1. Kinematic viscosity

a. Caculate the Reynolds number.( )

b. Calculate the total head loss. (Ans: HL = 211.8 m.)
c. Calculate the gage pressure at 1 to deliver water into the reservoir. (Ans:

Problem 2

A hypodermic needle has an inside diam. of 0.3 mm and is 60 mm in length as

shown. The piston moves to the right at a speed of 18 mm/s and there is no
leakage. The medicine in the hypodermic has a viscosity of
and its density is 800 kg/ . Consider flows in both needle and
cylinder. Neglect exit losses from the needle as well as losses at the juncture of the
needle and cylinder.

a. Calculate the pressure inside the cylinder. (

b. Calculate the pressure inside the needle. (Ans:
c. Calculate the force F needed on the Piston. (Ans: F = 2.05 N)
Problem 3
The pipe flow in the figure is driven by pressurized air in the tank. Assuming
f=0.014 and the flow rate is 13.60 liters/sec.

a. Find the velocity of the water in the pipe.(Ans: V= 6.93 m/s)

b. Find the headloss in the pipe neglecting minor losses. (Ans: hf = 109.66 m.)
c. Find the gage pressure needed to provide a flow rate of 13.60 liters/sec. (Ans:
)

Problem 4
The bunker storage tank shown is filled with oil up to a height of 6 m. and the
pressure at the top of the oil surface is 34 kPa. A 150 mm discharge pipeline is
connected at the bottom of the tank having a length of 135 m. The point of
withdrawal is 9 m. below the bottom of the tank and the pipe discharges freely
into the oil tankers for disposal to the different industrial plants utilizing oil for
their production. Viscosity of oil is 400 centistokes and the oil has a specific gravity
of 0.80. Assuming coefficient of discharge C=0.90.
a. Determine the rate of flow of oil to the tank. (Ans: )
b. Determine the Reynolds Number. (Ans: )
c. Determine the time to fill up one tanker if it has a capacity of 14 cu.m. (Ans: t =
5.98 minutes)