INSPECTION AND TESTING LABORATORY

DESTRUCTIVE TESTING MACHINE

LABORATORY MANUAL 1
TENSILE TESTING

BT-MET
(III YEAR – I SEM)
(2020-2021)

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL
ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY

SUBMITTED BY:

SUBMITTED TO:

ENGR. DHENIL T. MANGUBAT

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 INSPECTION AND TESTING LABORATORY

LABORATORY EXPERIMENT 1:
TENSILE STRENGTH OF A MATERIAL, TESTING AND EVALUATION USING TESNILE
TESTING MACHINE
A. REQUIREMENTS TO BE ANSWERED:
I. ABSTRACT:
• An abstract should tell: What was done briefly how experiment was conducted to
satisfy objectives and what the major conclusions or representative results are.

II. INTRODUCTION:
• Determine the theoretical background about tensile strength of Metallic materials.
• Identify what is a Tensile strength testing machine. Label its parts and briefly state
each function.
• State tensile stress and deformation.

III. THEORY:
• Present theoretical basis for the experiment or investigation.
• Present equations used with clear indication of which variables were measured and
which is calculated.

IV. PROCEDURES:
• From the link provided, showing the tutorial video of using UTS machine or Ultimate
Tensile Strength machine, state the step by step procedure.
TENSILE STRENGHT TESTING: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QyJHs5v-
JKc

V. RESULT AND CALCULATIONS:

• Introduce results; that is, explain what is being presented. Don't just include the plots,
charts, etc., without any explanation. Tables and figures must be self-contained. They
must be numbered and with a caption. Thus, the reader can tell what a table or figure
means without having to look through the text.

VI. DISCUSSION OF RESULT:

• Interpret and explain results
• Point out most important results Even if the results as presented seem obvious to you,
you want to be sure your reader notices the most important features and trends, etc.
State what you think the results show, prove, demonstrate or illustrate.

VII. SUMMARY, REACTION AND CONCLUSION:

• Summarize your findings; that is, itemize the most important things that you found
out, measured, observed. Anything that could be preceded by "It was found that" or
"It was discovered that" is a finding, not a conclusion. Remember conclusions are
generalizations based on results of a specific investigation.

VIII. QUESTIONS:
• Answer the corresponding questions.

BT-MET-3A
 INSPECTION AND TESTING LABORATORY

LABORATORY EXPERIMENT 1:
TENSILE STRENGTH OF A MATERIAL, TESTING AND EVALUATION USING TESNILE
TESTING MACHINE
I. PROCEDURE:
• From the link provided, showing the tutorial video of using UTS machine or Ultimate
Tensile Strength machine, state the step by step procedure.

TENSILE STRENGHT TESTING: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QyJHs5v-

JKc

II. THEORITICAL EXPERIMENT:

This experiment consisted of measuring the mechanical properties of two different types of
materials using a tensile testing machine. The purpose of this experiment is to recreate a real-
world application of what these materials might be subjected to when the materials are put to
work. These experiments are done often to construct a set of data for all engineers to be able
to have quick access to correct information and material specifications and properties. So,
with this type of experiment, the elastic modulus, the ultimate strength, and the yield strength
can be calculated and compared to old references from previous experiments to see how the
material properties have changed, if any. The two materials being tested in this experiment
will be steel and aluminum. Since we don’t have the actual machine for testing, we will be
evaluating the specimen theoretically using equations and formulas.

Refer to the Characteristics of the two specimens below and the results after undergoing
tensile strength test. Use Factor of Safety of 3

SPECIMEN 1: STEEL

INITIAL LENGTH: 1000MM

INITIAL DIAMETER: 10 MM
LOAD APPLIED: 5000 N
MODULUS OF ELESTICITY: 200 GPa
ULTIMATE TENSILE STRENGHT: 1110 MPa
YIELD STRENGHT: 951

SPECIMEN 2: ALUMINUM

INITIAL LENGTH: 1000MM

INITIAL DIAMTER: 10MM
LOAD APPLIED: 5000 N
MODULUS OF ELESTICITY: 68.9 GPa
ULTIMATE TENSILE STRENGHT: 310 MPa
YIELD STRENGHT: 276 MPa

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 INSPECTION AND TESTING LABORATORY

III. CALCULATIONS:
From the given value of results for each specimen calculate for the following using the
equations below.

Equation 1: The Stress Equation 𝜎 = 𝐹/𝐴𝑜

Equation 2: The Strain Equation 𝜀 = Deformation/Original Length
Equation 3: The Deformation equation γ = PL/AE
Equation 4: Final length = γ + Original Length
Equation 5: 𝑃𝑒𝑟𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑔𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝐸𝑙𝑜𝑛𝑔𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 = ∆𝑙/𝑙0 ∗ 100%
Equation 6: 𝑃𝑒𝑟𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑔𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑟𝑒𝑑𝑢𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑖𝑛 𝑎𝑟𝑒𝑎 = ∆𝐴/𝐴0 ∗ 100%

• Calculate for the Stress of the specimen based on the applied Load.
• Calculate for the diameter based on the applied load and the given yield strength and
Ultimate strength of both specimens.
• Calculate for the Elongation for each specimen.
• Calculate for the strain for each specimen.

IV. RESULTS:

• Tabulate the result of the individual stresses and diameters.

• Tabulate the result of each elongation and strain.

V. CONCLUSIONS AND SUMMARY:

State a comparison report for the different diameters, elongation and stresses of the specimen
based on your calculations.

VI. QUESTIONS:
• Based from the result of your calculations, can you differentiate Yield strength and
Ultimate strength of the materials?
• What is the effect of elongation to the diameters of the specimens?
• Based on your observation, which is more ductile? Steel or aluminum?
• From the results, can you define the stress strain diagram for a ductile material?

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