Submitted to:

Sir Matiullah Shaikh

Management Information
System

2020
Prepared by:
Mahrukh Muhammad Yaqoob Khatri
(BUS-17F-042) BBA 6A
 Management information system
Question # 01
Types of information system:
As there are different level of interest and level so that no any kind of system can provide all the information
which an organization needs. When we consider an organization, it is devided into different organization levels
such as operational level, management and strategic level. Lets discuss each of their roles.
Operational level managed the day to day operations of an organization. They occupy the lowest rank in
management hierarchy which directly supervise the employees and known as first or front line managers.
Management lavel are known as middle level management whose job is to monitor, control and help in decision
making. They provide the periodic report instead of giving information. Their job isto focus on giving the answers
of “what if”. To answer such questions they required the data from in and out side of the organization.
The last strategic level occupy the top position on the heirechy. They are also known as senior management level
whose job is to address the strategic issues and log term trends.
The major types of information system includes the following which serves each of the above functional areas:

 Transaction processing system:

TPS system serves as the operational level of organization. It is considered as a basic system of business. A
computerized system whose jon is to record daily transaction of the business. The goals, task and resources are
predefined and highly structured in TPS. Each of these functions has the subfunctions. The main roll is to depicts
the payroll system which is mostly the accounting transactions process. But according to mine area of interest
TPS jobs is to provide services to the customers and promote the tracking.
  Management information system:
The study of information system in business is known as management information system. It serves as a
management level functions. It provide reports, current performance and historical records of an organization.vit
also serves the funcation of planning, controlling and decision making at managerial level.
The basic transaction data is collected from the TPS system and are compressed and usually presented in long
term reports. In marketing MIS helps to keep information about how much the product is in hand and how much
it is necessary to produce. It serves in weekly monthly and yearly results whereas it also allows manager to see
even daily and hourly data.

 Decision support systems:

This system also serves the managerial level of organization. It helps to make decision which are unique and not
specified. It job isto address the problem where the solution may not be predefined. DSS uses internal data from
TPS and MIS and bring information from external sources i.e. current market stock prices or the prices of
competitor.
It has more analytical power than other systems. They are designed in such a way that the users can work directly
and known as user firendly software. For the marketing department they helps to determine the value and the
revenue which helps to target the market.

 Executive Support systems:

It serves as the strategic level of an organization. They help to took non-routine decisions which requires
judgement and evaluation. It incorporate data about external events such as new laws by government. It took
Summary of information from MIS and DSS.
In the field of marketing, it allows the manager to look into the competitiors strategies and their future move,
which they are about to take.
Linkage between information system:
All these systems are related to one another in an organization. TPS is known as major source of data for other
system while the ESS gives the primarily anad other systems are also exchanging data.
Example:
Sales systems captured the order which may be transmitted to manufacture system. The transaction of producing
the per unit occurs. Then delivering or dispatching of product done through the these systems and in the end MIS
make the final report.
It is huge advantage that information is flowing easily between the different parts of an organization. TPS works
as the major producer of infromation on behave of it other system are working such as DSS and Ess is taking
decision in which MIS reports are helping them.

Enterprise Applications:
 Enterprise system:
Data is collected in a single central data from different firms and stores. It helps in resolving the problem of data
and systems. It enables employees to coordinate the daily activities and provide the efficient response to the
customer orders. It provides the valuable information for the better management system and allow firms to take
better decision.
  Supply chain management system:
it allows the firms to maintain the relationship with suppliers and share information. It shares info related to
orders, production, inventory system, delivery of product and services. Its goal is to provide a right amount of
products at its destination with in least amount of time and resonable cost.

 Customer relationship management system:

To cordinate with all over business this process is used which deals with customer in sales, marketing and provide
service to optimize revenue. To satisfy the customer and to retain the customers it is successfully used.

 Knowledge Management System:

It support many system of firms such as acquiring, distributing and integrating knowledge. It also allows
employees to create, produce and distribute the products and services. It take knowledge from internal sources
and link it to external sources and also make it available for the employees.

Question # 02
Infromation system used for collabration and team work:
For an organization it is very important that their system must collaborate to give accurate result. The main
objective is to make communication easier within and outside of organization. The highest the investment to
improve the technology in an organization leads to the highest return because it is the only way through which
organization can boost their revenue by focusing towards the collaboration.
Through the strong collaboration the folloeing benefits will occur:
 Working together can complete a task faster i.e. it increase the productivity level of an organization.
 Qualitative work has been done through collaboration. By working together errors can be identified and
can take actions against the errors become faster.
 Innovative products and ideas are invented due to the collaboration.
 Customer complaints and issues are resolves much faster than individual do.
 When all things are getting easier the performance of an organization increases.

Requirements for collaboration:

To increase the firms performance the first requirement for the collaboration is to check the capability of
collaboration. To build the collaborative culture is very important for that. It gives command and control the
organization and shows the path that where to move. For the business collaborative culture senior manager must
rely on its teams for the work done same as the product and services is relaying on the shoulder of employees.
The next requirement is to build the strong technology. The 15 collaborative software tools are bellow which are
quite important.
 Email and instant messaging: It’s job is to allow to share instant data with colleagues via Gmail.
 Collaborative writing: It allows to engage multiple individuals in the world of virtual life and real time
writing and editing of document.
 Collaborative Reviewing: It allows to read reviews from real users.
  Event scheduling: Application which allows all the participant to find such a time which is suitable to
all.
 File sharing: In the team collaboration, it allows to share each and every data from every one.
 Screen sharing: The ability of presenter to mark up the screen while sharing the screen.
 Audio conferencing: Quickly contact the multiple audience at a time.
 Video conferencing: Software which allows to share data, text, voice and video at a time.
 White boarding: It is used in improving the work.
 Web presenting: For building the better presentation web presenting is used.
 Work scheduling: To schedule the project and to track that project this tool is used.
 Document sharing: In collaboration to make easy to share the document, this system is being made for.
 Mind Mapping: The clear way to do mind mapping which provides the path to any collaboraive time
to move on.
 Webinars: To conduct the webinar for any meeting it is being used.
 Co browsing: It allows the context of web browsing to joint with the navigation of the world widw web.
The two or many people can access the same web page at the same time.

Technology for Collaboration and Team work:

 Email and instant Messaging:
The world is modifying so do the communication methods are also modifying. In an organization it is very
important to communicate consequently, the email and instant messaging makes it easier. Many of employees are
getting aware of using this techno and making their life and job easier.

 Social Networking:
The process which helps the multiple people or groups to interact and to share the information for the purpose of
achieving the unified goal. It is aslo known as Social collaboration which support an overall organization. It helps
to make a diverse environment of an company due to which many diverse ideas are being provided which helps
to boost the organization.

 Wikis:
A website which is collaboratively created by multiple users. The most well known example is wikipedia. It helps
to grow the knowledge of the employees which is ultimately giving benefits to an organization. The different
ideas are generated due to the highest level of intelligence of an organization which lead an organization to the
corporational level.

 Google Apps / Google Sites:

It is the free online survices for the collaboration. It allows to create an online, group editable sites which provide
the full support to the collaboration system. Google Apps and sites are working sites by sites which also include
office suites.

 Virtuals world:
For the collaboration it is necessary for the people to unite at one place and when they can not, virtual world
playing an important role to bring people unite. It helps to share the culture and bring the opportunities for an
organization to move on as a corporation. It may include video conferencing, audio conferencing, telepresence
and so on.
Audio and video conferencing allows two or more people or location to communicate simultaniously. It is a two
way transmission due to which both the parties can share their perspective over the topic while the Telepresence
allow the person to feel as if they were present or give an effects of being presenting their.

Question # 03
Enterprise Resource Planning:
Over a period of past few decades, business had been using smart business automation software to gain more
efficiency, productivity and enhance profitability of an organization. With the passage of time, business evolved
and they need to move with the time, so they adapt the various changes in market scenario. This is how the new
software came into use i.e. ERP (enterprise resource planning).
ERP is an acronym derived from enterprise resource planning. It is a software, which integrates all the core
process to run any business such as inventory, finance and accounting, procurement, HR, customer relationship
management (CRM) and supply chain management into one unified system.
The central feature of ERP system is to support the shared database system by multiple business unit of an
organization. It means that member of a same workforce from dissimilar divisions such as accounting and HR
can count on the identical information for their specific needs. In other word from CEO to account payable clerks
can create, store and use the piece of data, which derived through common processes.
As ERP tie together a business processes and allow the flow of informational data between them so it become the
core part of any organization or industry for the error free transaction, production and enhancing efficiency of the
business. By collecting the organizational data from multiple sources there is a high chances of duplication, ERP
provides solution to this problem that is, it eliminate the data duplication and provide data integrity and for this
reason many of small and huge businesses production based on this software. For these industries and organization
ERP, system is as important as electricity to keeps the light turn on. In short, ERP system allow business to
identify waste, eliminate the inefficiencies and enhance the organization capability.

ERP improves business performance:

ERP is an automation software. It becomes a core part for the survival of the business. It boost your business by
performing various tasks more efficiently and provide information that would not be available. It simplifies most
of the work for the user that ultimately improve the core process which is order fulfillment in which company
takes order from the customer, ships it, bills it and provides services after sales. It covers all the business processes.
It provides a road map to the organization that the business can fulfill the requirements of the customer. ERP
helps in reporting, sharing departmental or organizational information.
For any business to achieve profitability is the main and the core goal and for this purpose cost reduction can play
a vital role. As the company reduces its cost, they get near to achieving organizational goal, which is profit
maximizing. ERP software helps in cost cutting and it reduces the cost in a different ways. It reduces the daily
operational cost, which results in less human resource needed, reporting of any information may improve, Data
security can be assured and it improved the workflows between employees. Through ERP organization can track
over their late activity can find faster solution to the issue. Better the speed, less cost and more profit.
By providing a good communication inside and outside of an organization, cost reduction can also be possible
that is the distance among the communicator reduces the time limitations, which indirectly reduces the cost of
that particular task. This software also reduces the time of current given tasks, which ultimately leads to less cost.
Inventory cost is also a major contributor to decrease profit margin of any organization. Stock you have the cost
company bear. ERP solution provides the increased communication and collaboration to the suppliers. Due to the
maintenance of relation with suppliers and renders, the cost of wasted inventory space reduces.
Decision-making is the intelligence tool to run any business. ERP provides an intelligence decision support system
through which right decision can be taken at the right time. Early warning system, data mining, executive
reporting system, reporting can also be done through ERP and improves business procedures.

ERP system of Hilal Food Limited:

ERP system helps Hilal food limited to connect all the necessary software together, which provide an accurate
forecasting due to which it is easy to satisfy the customers need and wants. Integration feature is available in the
system of Hilal food limited that enables the greater efficiency of an organization and lead to the grater
productivity. The proper communication is made easier due to the ERP. All departments can communicate
through it. To track the customers and the productive level, purchase orders and so on.
To access over the customer queries and reduces the per unit cost has successfully happened due to the ERP i.e.
the organization has lead towards the success. The ERP system provide the unified database of potential customers
that is applicable for all different departments. It also improves the significant improvement in international
perspective where it support the wide variety of tax structures, invoicing schemes and various languages and
periodic accounting. In short, all there systems including inventory control software, CRM software, Sales
software and so on are interconnected due to which all their departments are well known about an organization.

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