L - Concentration For A Coupled Nonlinear SCHR Odinger System

L2 -Concentration for a coupled
nonlinear Schrödinger system
XAVIER CARVAJAL
Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro - UFRJ

Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos - July 04, 2017
(Work joint with P. Gamboa)
XAVIER CARVAJAL L2 -Concentration for a coupled nonlinear Schrödinger system

The Model

2 2
iut + ∆u + (α|u| + β|v | )u = 0,

 (x, t) ∈ Rn × R,
ivt + ∆v + (α|v |2 + β|u|2 )v = 0, (1)

n

u(x, 0) = u (x),
0 v (x, 0) = v0 (x), x ∈R ,
where u and v are complex-valued functions, α and β are real constants.
This system is a model for propagation of polarized laser beams in birefrin-

gent Kerr medium in nonlinear optics. The system (1) is known as Kerr
nonlinearity in the physical literature.

Well-Posedness
The initial value problem (1) is locally well-posedness in

H s (Rn ) × H s (Rn ), s ≥ max{ n2 − 1, 0}.
Fanelli and Montefusco [5] proved that there exists a constant κ0

such that the Cauchy problem (1) is globally well posed in
H 1 (R2 ) × H 1 (R2 ) if ku0 kL2 + kv0 kL2 < κ0 and moreover there exists a
pair (u0 , v0 ) such that ku0 kL2 + kv0 kL2 = κ0 and the corresponding
solution blows up in a finite time (see also [4, 5, 6, 4]).

Hamiltonian and L2 conservation
The Hamiltonian associated with the system (1) is given by

1 α β
E (t) = k(∇u, ∇v )k22 − k(u, v )k44 − kuv k22 = E (0). (2)
2 4 2
where
Z Z
k(f , g )krr = r r
|f | + |g | dx and kf krr = |f |r dx.
R2 R2
And the L2 conservation is
ku(t)k2 = ku0 k2 , kv (t)k2 = kv0 k2 .

Blow-up Alternative
If u and v are solutions of the IVP (1), with u0 , v0 ∈ H 1 , if T ∗ is the

maximal time of existence of the solution, then
1) T ∗ = ∞ or
2) T ∗ < ∞ and limt%T ∗ k∇ukL2 = ∞.

L2 limit
Remark
If tn % T ∗ , then u(tn ) and v (tn ) do not have a strong limit in L2 . This
result is proved by contradiction using the conservation of Hamiltonian and
the Gagliardo-Nirenberg inequality:
1/2 1/2
kukL4 (R2 ) . k∇ukL2 (R2 ) kukL2 (R2 ) .

Main Results
Theorem (H 1 Theorem)
If (u(t), v (t)) ∈ H 1 × H 1 , t ∈ [0, T ∗ ) are solutions of the IVP (1) with

p = 1, α > 0, β > 0 such that (u(t), v (t)) blows up at finite time T ∗ , then
Z
lim sup sup |u(t)|2 dx ≥ c,
t%T ∗ |I |.(T ∗ −t)1/2 I
and Z
lim sup sup |v (t)|2 dx ≥ c,
t%T ∗ |I |.(T ∗ −t)1/2 I
where c = c(ku0 k2 + kv0 k2 ) > 0 and |I | denotes the size of the ball
I ⊂ R2 .

Main Results
Theorem (L2 Theorem)
If (u(t), v (t)) ∈ L2 × L2 , t ∈ [0, T ∗ ) are solutions of the IVP (1) with

Z
lim sup sup |u(t)|2 dx ≥ c,
t%T ∗ |I |.(T ∗ −t)1/2 I
and Z
lim sup sup |v (t)|2 dx ≥ c,
t%T ∗ |I |.(T ∗ −t)1/2 I
where c = c(ku0 k2 + kv0 k2 ) > 0 and |I | denotes the size of the ball
I ⊂ R2 .

Previus Results
The rate of the L2 -norm concentration was obtained by Tsutsumi and

Merle (see [3, 5]) for radially symmetric solutions to the critic
nonlinear Schrödinger
iut + ∆u + |u|2p u = 0, (x, t) ∈ Rn × R, np = 2.
And by Bourgain [2], to nonradial solutions.

Considering radially symmetric blow-up solutions of (1), the rate of
L2 -concentration was obtained recently by Z. Lü and Z. Liu in [6]
with initial data in H 1 × H 1 and the condition β < α.
Following ideas of Bourgain in [2], we obtain the L2 -norm concentration to

the system (1) without the use of radially symmetric solutions and without
the condition β < α.

Proof of H 1 Theorem-Preliminar Result
Lemma
If (u(t), v (t)) ∈ H 1 × H 1 , t ∈ [0, T ∗ ) are solutions of the IVP (1) with
1
1 + k∇(u(t), v (t))k2 & , 0 ≤ t < T ∗.
(T ∗ − t)1/2

Litlewood-Paley
We define
 1/2
X
ψbj (ξ) := ψ(ξ)
b χ{2j <|ξ|≤2j+1 } and S(ψ) :=  |ψj |2  .
j∈Z
Using the Litlewood-Paley theorem we get
k(ψ, φ)kp ∼ k(S(ψ), S(φ))kp , 1 < p < ∞.

Proof of H 1 Theorem
Let ψ = u(t) and φ = v (t). The Hamiltonian conservation (2), implies
2 4
k(ψ, φ)k44 ≥ λ2 − E (0) & λ2 , (3)
α+β α+β
where
1
λ := k∇(ψ, φ)k2 & 1, 0 ≤ t < T ∗,
(T ∗ − t)1/2
with t really close to T .
Using the Litlewood-Paley theorem we get
k(ψ, φ)k4 ∼ k(S(ψ), S(φ))k4 ,
then by (3) we have
kS(ψ)k44 + kS(φ)k44 & λ2 .

Therefore  2  2
Z X Z X
 |ψj |2  +  |φj |2  & λ2 .
R2 j R2 j
Considering only the term in ψ we have

Z X X Z X X
|ψj |2 |ψi |2 + |ψj |2 |ψi |2 := I1 + I2 & λ2 .
R2 j j≥i R2 j i≥j

We denote the diadyc numbers by N = 2j , N 0 = 2i , ψN := ψj , ψN 0 := ψi ,
X X
|ψi |2 := |ψN 0 |2 ,
j≥i N≥N 0
etc., let
N0 := λk0 , (4)
where k0 is a constant which will be chosen after, and we consider
kψN k∞ kφN k∞
ρψ = sup , ρφ = sup , (5)
N>N0 N N>N0 N
for all diadyc number N, we have
kψN k∞ . NkψN k2 , kφN k∞ . NkφN k2 (6)
then ρψ , ρφ . 1.

Proof of H 1 Theorem-Estimative of I2
If N ≤ N0 . In this case we have
X Z X X Z X
2 2
I2 = |ψN | |ψN | +
0 |ψN |2 |ψN 0 |2 := J1 + J2 .
N≤N0 N≤N 0 ≤N0 N≤N0 R2 N 0 >N 0
(7)
Using (6) we get
X Z X
J1 . |ψN |2 (N 0 )2 kψN 0 k22
N≤N0 N≤N 0 ≤N0
X Z X
. kψk22 |ψN |2 (N 0 )2
N≤N0 N≤N 0 ≤N0 (8)
X Z
. kψk22 |ψN |2 N02
N≤N0
. kψk42 N02 .

II) If N > N0 .
Using Cauchy-Schwartz inequality two times and inequalities (5) and (6),
we obtain
X Z X
I2 = |ψN |2 |ψN 0 |2
N>N0 N 0 ≥N
X Z X
. ρψ N 2 kψN k2 |ψN 0 |2
N>N0 N 0 ≥N
X X Z
02
. ρψ kψN k2 N |ψN 0 |2 (9)
N>N0 N 0 ≥N
!1/2 !1/2
X X X 1
2 2 2
. ρψ λ kψN k2 . ρψ λ N kψN k22
N2
N>N0 N>N0 N>N0
λ
. ρψ λ 2 .
N0
I) If N ≤ N0 .
The inequality (6) gives
X Z X
I1 = |ψN |2 |ψN 0 |2
N≤N0 N 0 ≤N
X Z X
. |ψN |2 (N 0 )2 kψN 0 k22
N≤N0 N 0 ≤N (10)
X Z X
. N02 |ψN |2 kψN 0 k22
N≤N0 N 0 ≤N0
. N02 kψk42 .

II) If N > N0 .
We split I1 in two terms
X Z X X Z X
I1 = |ψN |2 2
|ψN 0 | + |ψN |2 |ψN 0 |2 := L1 + L2 ,
N>N0 N0 ≤N 0 ≤N N>N0 R2 N 0 ≤N 0
(11)
the estimate for L2 is similar with (10), thus
L2 . N02 kψk42 .

And in order to estimate L1 we will use the inequality (5), it follows that
X Z X
L1 = |ψN |2 |ψN 0 |2
N>N0 N0 ≤N 0 ≤N
X Z X
. |ψN |2 (N 0 )2 ρ2ψ
N>N0 N0 ≤N 0 ≤N
X Z X (12)
0 2
. ρ2ψ |ψN | 2
(N )
N>N0 N0 ≤N 0 ≤N
X Z
. ρ2ψ N 2 |ψN |2 . ρ2ψ λ2 .
N>N0

Proof of H 1 Theorem-Final Part
Now combining the above estimates of I1 and I2 and considering the similar
estimates to the other terms obtained of kS(φ)k44 , we get
1/2
λ2 .kψk42 + kφk42 )N02 + N0 λ3/2 (ρψ kψk22 + ρφ kφk22 )
+ (ρψ + ρφ )λ3 N0−1 + (ρ2ψ + ρ2φ )λ2 .
From the L2 conservation: c0 = kψk2 + kφk2 = ku0 k2 + kv0 k2 and using

that N0 = λk0 we obtain

1/2
1 ≤ C c04 k02 + (ρψ + ρφ )(k0 c02 + k0−1 ) + ρ2ψ + ρ2φ ,
and consequently
r
k22 k2
ρψ ≥ k3 = k1 + − > 0, and ρφ ≥ k3 > 0,
4 2
where
1 − Cc04 k02 1/2
k1 = , and k2 = k0 c02 + k0−1
C
.
The definition of ρψ , implies that there exists a ∈ R2 and
1
N > N0 &
(T ∗ − t)1/2
|ψN (a)| k3
such that ≥ 4, thus
N
|ψN (a)|
Z
1 ξ k3
= fb(−ξ)u(a − )dξ ≥ , (13)
N N R2 N 4
where f (x) = χ{1<|x|≤2} (x). Choosing M > 0 such that
Z !1/2
2 k3
|fb(ξ)| dξ ≤
|ξ|≥M 8c0
we obtain Z
1 ξ k3
fb(−ξ)u(a − )dξ ≥ , (14)
N |ξ|<M N 8

Using Cauchy-Schwartz inequality we concluded that

1 u(a − ξ )χ{|ξ|<M} & k3 ,

N N
2
or equivalently
Z
1
|u(x)|2 dx & k32 , N&
|a−x|< M
N
(T ∗ − t)1/2
and this inequality proves the Theorem 6.

Proof of of L2 Theorem-Preliminar Lemmas
Lemma
Let f ∈ L2 , kf k2 = 1. For given > 0, there are functions (fr )1≤r ≤R such
that R < R() and
supp fbr ⊆ τr ⊆ supp fb (15)
where τr is a square box
τr ⊆ R2 of size Ar
and
1
|fbr | < , 0 () < kfr k2 ≤ kf k2 , (16)
Ar
X
kU(t)f − U(t)fr kL4 (dxdt) < . (17)
r

Proof of L2 Theorem-Preliminar Lemmas
Lemma
Let supp gb ⊆ τ ⊆ R2 where τ is a square of size A with center ξ0 and

1
|b
g | < . Then, for given > 0, there is a collection (Qr )1≤r ≤R() of
A
regions of the form
Qr = (x, t) ∈ R3 ; x + 2tξ0 ∈ Ir , t ∈ Jr ,

(18)
where Ir is an square in R2 of size 1/A and Jr an interval in R of size 1/A2

such that !1/4
Z
4
|U(t)g | < . (19)
R3 \∪Qr

Proof of L2 Theorem
Consider 0 < T0 < T ∗ , ψ = u(T0 ) and φ = v (T0 ), the integral equations

give
u(t) = U(t − T0 )ψ + L(u, v ) (20)
v (t) = U(t − T0 )φ + L(v , u). (21)
where Z t
L(u, v ) = −iα U(t − s)(|u|2 u + |v |2 u)ds,
T0
Let 0 < γ 1 and we take T0 < T1 < T ∗ such that
kukL4x L4[T := kukL4 [T0 ,T1 ] = γ, and kv kL4x L4[T := kv kL4 [T0 ,T1 ] = γ,
0 ,T1 ] 0 ,T1 ]
(22)

Proof of L2 Theorem
By Hölder inequality
k|v |2 ukL4/3 ≤ k|v |2 kL2 kukL4 = kv k2L4 kukL4 ,
and applying Strichartz’ inequality we obtain
kL(u, v )kL4 [T0 ,T1 ] = ku(t) − U(t − T0 )ψkL4 [T0 ,T1 ] . γ 3 , (23)
triangle inequality, (22) and (23) implies
kU(t − T0 )ψkL4 [T0 ,T1 ] ∼ γ. (24)

Proof of L2 Theorem
By (20), (23), Holder inequality and by the definition of γ it follows that

Z T1 Z
2
h i
γ4 = u(t) u(t)u(t) dxdt
T0
ZT1 Z
2
= u(t) (U(t − T0 )ψ + L(u, v )) (U(t − T0 )ψ + L(u, v )) dxdt
T0
ZT1 Z
2
= u(t) (U(t − T0 )ψ) (U(t − T0 )ψ) dxdt + O(γ 6 ).
T0
(25)

Proof of L2 Theorem
Using the Lemma 4 with = γ 2 and f = U(−T0 )ψ, then

X
U(t − T0 )ψ = U(t)f = U(t)fr + L
r
U(t)fr is such that kLkL4 (dxdt) < = γ 2 . Similarly

P
where L = U(t)f − r
as in (25) we get
  
Z T1 Z X X
γ4 = u(t)  U(t)fr1   U(t)fr2 
T0 r1 <R(γ 2 ) r2 <R(γ 2 )
  (26)
X
× U(t)fr3 dxdt + O(γ 5 ).
r3 <R(γ 2 )

Proof of L2 Theorem
The number of terms into above integral is smaller than R(γ 2 )3 . Thus,
there is r1 , r2 , r3 < R(γ 2 ) such that
T1
γ4
Z Z
u(t) (U(t)fr1 ) (U(t)fr2 )(U(t)fr3 )dxdt > := η. (27)
T0 2R(γ 2 )3
In the first lemma, we have supp fbr ⊂ τr ⊂ supp fb = supp ψ, b where τr is a

square of size Ar . Supossing that Ar1 = max{Ar1 , Ar2 , Ar3 }, let τ a square
of size A ∼ Ar1 , such that τrj ⊂ τ , j = 1, 2, 3.
Let Pτ such that Pd τ ψ = χτ ψ, using Plancherel’s formula and properties of
b
the Fourier transform we have
Z T1 Z Z T1 Z
u(t) (· · · ) (· · · )(· · · )dxdt = Pτ u(t) (· · · ) (· · · )(· · · )dxdt.
T0 T0
(28)

Proof of L2 Theorem
Since (4, 4) is a pair of exponents admissible, applying the Strichartz’ esti-

mate we obtain
kU(t)frj k4 ≤ kfrj k2 ≤ kψkL2 , j = 1, 2, 3. (29)
Using (27), (28), (29) and Hölder inequality we can show that
Z T1 Z
|Pτ u(t) (U(t)fr1 ) |2 & η 2 . (30)
T0
Applying the second lemma with g = fr1 , A = Ar1 and ≈ η there are {Qs },
1 ≤ s ≤ R() be the regions (18). From (22), (19) and (30) it follows that
there exist Q := Qr such that
η2
ZZ
|Pτ u(t) (U(t)fr1 ) |2 & = η1 . (31)
Q∩(R2 ×[T0 ,T1 ]) R(η)

Proof of L2 Theorem
In the same way as in [2] we can show that there exist t ∈ [T0 , T1 ] and an
interval I1 = I − 2tξ0 of size 1/A . η1−1 (T − t)1/2 such that
Z
|Pτ u(t)|2 & η12 ,
I1
As P
dτ u = χτ ub, then Pτ u = F −1 (χτ ) ∗ u, also since χτ (ξ) = χτ0 (A−1 ξ),
where τ0 is a square of size 1, then
Pτ u = θA ∗ u,
where θA (ξ) = F −1 (χτ )(ξ) = A2 F −1 (χτ0 )(Aξ). Is not dificult to see that
kθA kL∞ = kF −1 (χτ )kL∞ ≤ kχτ kL1 = A, (32)
and
kθA kL2 = kF −1 (χτ )kL2 = kχτ kL2 = A1/2 . (33)

Proof of L2 Theorem
Thus let M = M(η1 ) 1 very large, such that
C η12
Z Z
|θA |2 (y )dy ≤ |θA |2 (y )dy ≤ . (34)
|y |>M/A |y |>M 16Aku0 k2L2
We have
Z Z
Pτ u(x) = θA (y )u(x − y )dy = θA (y )u(x − y )dy
|y |≤M/A
Z (35)
+ θA (y )u(x − y )dy := L1 + L2 ,
|y |>M/A
and from (34)

!1/2
η1 C 1/2
Z Z
L2 = θA (y )u(x − y )dy ≤ θA2 (y ) ku0 kL2 ≤ .
|y |>M/A |y |>M/A 4A1/2
(36)

Proof of L2 Theorem
and in L1 using Cauchy-Scwartz inequality and (33) we obtain
Z Z !1/2
M
L1 = θA (y )u(x − y )dy . θA2 (y )|u(x − y )|2 dy
|y |≤M/A A |y |≤M/A
Z !1/2
M 2
. 1/2 θA (y )|u(x − y )| dy .
A |y |≤M/A
(37)
Let θA χ|y |≤M/A = J . Now combining (35), (36) and (37) we hold
Z Z
C η1 ≤2 L1 dt + 2 L22 dt
2 2
I1 I1
(38)
2M 2 C η12
Z
. J ∗ |u|2 dt + ,
A I1 2

Proof of L2 Theorem
and from this inequality we obtain
C η12 2M 2
Z
χI1 J ∗ |u|2 dt,

≤ (39)
2 A
using Fubinni equality observe that
Z Z
f (g ∗ h) = h (f ∗ g̃ ) , g̃ (x) = g (−x),
therefore from (39) it follows that
CAη12
Z
|u|2 χI1 ∗ J˜ dt,

2
≤ (40)
4M
and
support χI1 ∗ J˜ ⊆ supportχI1 + supportJ˜,

as supportχI1 . 1
A and supportJ˜ . 1
A we complete the proof of theorem.

N-system
We consider for j = 1, . . . , N the following coupled nonlinear Schrödinger
equation
(
i uj, t + ∆uj + µj |uj |2 (s−1) uj + i6=j ai j |ui |s |uj |s−2 uj = 0,
P
(41)
uj (x, 0) = u0j (x) ∈ C, u0j : Rn → C
where uj = uj (x, t) ∈ C, x ∈ Rn , t ∈ R are dimensionless complex ampli-

tude of the j-th component of the underlying physical system, aij , i 6= j and
µj := ajj are positive constants. The matrix A = (ai j ) is symmetric.

N-system
Theorem
If uj (t) ∈ L2 (R2 ), t ∈ [0, T ∗ ) j = 1, . . . N are solutions of the IVP (41)
with aij > 0, i, j = 1, . . . , N, s = 2, n = 2 and uj (t) blows up at finite time
T ∗ , then there exists x0j ∈ R2 such that
Z
lim inf
∗
|uj (t)|2 dx ≥ c, (42)
t%T |x−x0j |.(T ∗ −t)1/2
where c = c(ku0j k2 ) > 0, j = 1, . . . , N.

Bibliografia
L. Bergé, Wave collapse in physics: principles and applications to
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2D-NLS with critical nonlinearity, Int. Math. Res. Not. 5 (1998),
253–283.
T. Cazenave, Semilinear Schrödinger equations, 10, Courant Lecture
Notes, (2003).
J. Chen, B. Guo, Blow-up profile to the solutions of two-coupled
Schrödinger equation with harmonic potencial, J. Math. Phys. 50,
(2009), 023505.
L. Fanelli, E. Montefusco, On the blow-up threshold for weakly
coupled nonlinear Schrödinger equations, J. Phys. A: Math. Theor.
40, (2007) 14139–14150.
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the coupled nonlinear Schrödinger equations, J. Math. Phys. 49,
(2008) 062–103.
Bibliografia
L. Ma, X. Song, L. Zhao, On global rough solutions to a non-linear
Schrödinger system, Glasgow Math. J. 51, (2009) 499–511.
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Thanks
Muchas Gracias!

L - Concentration For A Coupled Nonlinear SCHR Odinger System

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L2 -Concentration for a coupled

nonlinear Schrödinger system

Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro - UFRJ

XAVIER CARVAJAL L2 -Concentration for a coupled nonlinear Schrödinger system

This system is a model for propagation of polarized laser beams in birefrin-

XAVIER CARVAJAL L2 -Concentration for a coupled nonlinear Schrödinger system

The initial value problem (1) is locally well-posedness in

Fanelli and Montefusco [5] proved that there exists a constant κ0

XAVIER CARVAJAL L2 -Concentration for a coupled nonlinear Schrödinger system

The Hamiltonian associated with the system (1) is given by

And the L2 conservation is

ku(t)k2 = ku0 k2 , kv (t)k2 = kv0 k2 .

XAVIER CARVAJAL L2 -Concentration for a coupled nonlinear Schrödinger system

If u and v are solutions of the IVP (1), with u0 , v0 ∈ H 1 , if T ∗ is the

2) T ∗ < ∞ and limt%T ∗ k∇ukL2 = ∞.

XAVIER CARVAJAL L2 -Concentration for a coupled nonlinear Schrödinger system

XAVIER CARVAJAL L2 -Concentration for a coupled nonlinear Schrödinger system

If (u(t), v (t)) ∈ H 1 × H 1 , t ∈ [0, T ∗ ) are solutions of the IVP (1) with

XAVIER CARVAJAL L2 -Concentration for a coupled nonlinear Schrödinger system

Theorem (L2 Theorem)

If (u(t), v (t)) ∈ L2 × L2 , t ∈ [0, T ∗ ) are solutions of the IVP (1) with

XAVIER CARVAJAL L2 -Concentration for a coupled nonlinear Schrödinger system

The rate of the L2 -norm concentration was obtained by Tsutsumi and

iut + ∆u + |u|2p u = 0, (x, t) ∈ Rn × R, np = 2.

And by Bourgain [2], to nonradial solutions.

Following ideas of Bourgain in [2], we obtain the L2 -norm concentration to

XAVIER CARVAJAL L2 -Concentration for a coupled nonlinear Schrödinger system

XAVIER CARVAJAL L2 -Concentration for a coupled nonlinear Schrödinger system

Using the Litlewood-Paley theorem we get

k(ψ, φ)kp ∼ k(S(ψ), S(φ))kp , 1 < p < ∞.

XAVIER CARVAJAL L2 -Concentration for a coupled nonlinear Schrödinger system

k(ψ, φ)k4 ∼ k(S(ψ), S(φ))k4 ,

then by (3) we have

kS(ψ)k44 + kS(φ)k44 & λ2 .

XAVIER CARVAJAL L2 -Concentration for a coupled nonlinear Schrödinger system

Considering only the term in ψ we have

XAVIER CARVAJAL L2 -Concentration for a coupled nonlinear Schrödinger system

for all diadyc number N, we have

kψN k∞ . NkψN k2 , kφN k∞ . NkφN k2 (6)

XAVIER CARVAJAL L2 -Concentration for a coupled nonlinear Schrödinger system

XAVIER CARVAJAL L2 -Concentration for a coupled nonlinear Schrödinger system

XAVIER CARVAJAL L2 -Concentration for a coupled nonlinear Schrödinger system

XAVIER CARVAJAL L2 -Concentration for a coupled nonlinear Schrödinger system

XAVIER CARVAJAL L2 -Concentration for a coupled nonlinear Schrödinger system

From the L2 conservation: c0 = kψk2 + kφk2 = ku0 k2 + kv0 k2 and using

where f (x) = χ{1<|x|≤2} (x). Choosing M > 0 such that

XAVIER CARVAJAL L2 -Concentration for a coupled nonlinear Schrödinger system

Using Cauchy-Schwartz inequality we concluded that

and this inequality proves the Theorem 6.

XAVIER CARVAJAL L2 -Concentration for a coupled nonlinear Schrödinger system

XAVIER CARVAJAL L2 -Concentration for a coupled nonlinear Schrödinger system

Let supp gb ⊆ τ ⊆ R2 where τ is a square of size A with center ξ0 and

where Ir is an square in R2 of size 1/A and Jr an interval in R of size 1/A2

XAVIER CARVAJAL L2 -Concentration for a coupled nonlinear Schrödinger system

Consider 0 < T0 < T ∗ , ψ = u(T0 ) and φ = v (T0 ), the integral equations

u(t) = U(t − T0 )ψ + L(u, v ) (20)

v (t) = U(t − T0 )φ + L(v , u). (21)

Let 0 < γ  1 and we take T0 < T1 < T ∗ such that

XAVIER CARVAJAL L2 -Concentration for a coupled nonlinear Schrödinger system

k|v |2 ukL4/3 ≤ k|v |2 kL2 kukL4 = kv k2L4 kukL4 ,

and applying Strichartz’ inequality we obtain

triangle inequality, (22) and (23) implies

kU(t − T0 )ψkL4 [T0 ,T1 ] ∼ γ. (24)

Let 0 < γ 1 and we take T0 < T1 < T ∗ such that

Using the Lemma 4 with = γ 2 and f = U(−T0 )ψ, then

U(t)fr is such that kLkL4 (dxdt) < = γ 2 . Similarly