Ferbrile Ab test

Widal’s test Dse Febrile Ag Ab Peak Ab Sig. titer

used to usually titer
 One of the earliest tests of diagnostic value test appear appears
 Widal and Sicard 1896 disease for within within
 Detection of Ab in typhoid fever, brucellosis, tularemia agglutinin
 Three antigenic molecules that have been used to serotype Brucellosis Brucella 2-3 3-5 weeks 1:80 or
Salmonella: abortus weeks greater
o Cell all flagellar (H Ag)
o Capsular (K Ag) Paratyphoi Salmonell 2-3 4-5 weeks 1:80
o LPS (O Ag) d fever a flagellar weeks
A
Principle Paratyphoi Salmonell 2-3 4-5 weeks 1:80
d fever a flagellar weeks
 When viable bacteria are introduced into a susceptible host, B
an immune response generally occurs capable of producing *1 infxn
Ab called agglutinin
 Agglutinin are capable of reacting with suspensions of Rocky mt. Proteus 1-2 weeks 2-3 weeks 1:160
Salmonella spotted OX-19
 Agglutinins are produced slowly during the acute phase of fever
Tularemia Francisella 2 weeks 4-8 weeks 1:160
infxn and continue to form during convalescence
tularensis
 Titer conc. of Ab rises considerably between acute and
Typhoid Salmonella 2-3 weeks 4- 5weeks 1:80
convalescence
fever flagellar D
 Therefore, a rise in titer between serum collected during Typhoid Salmonella 1-2 weeks 3-5 weeks 1:80
the acute or febrile stage and serum from convalescent fever grp. D
stage can be considered significant. typhoid o
Typhus Proteus 1-2 weeks 2-3 weeks 1:160
OX-19

SLIDE WIDAL TEST PROCEDURE

 Qualitative
  Quantitative
o Perform if positive in Qualitative test
o 5 test circles are prepared
a. 80 ul -1:20
b. 40 ul - 1:40
c. 20 ul - 1:80
d. 10 ul - 1:160
e. 5 ul - 1:320
Other tests:
 TYPHIDOT Rapid IgM (combo)-is an
immunochromatographic assay for the qualitative detection
and differentiation of specific IgM and IgG Ab against spec
Salmonella typhi OPM Ag in human serum or plasma.
o Avoid air bubbles
o Observe proper specimen
o Stimulate sample flow if not flowing on cassette
o Observe formation of Control and Test lines
o Add buffer
o Interpretation:
 TUBEX – detects the presence of anti-09 Ab in the ptx
serumby assessing their ability to inhibit the rxn between Ag
coated brown and Ab-coated blue rgts.
o Level of inhibition is proportional to the conc. of
anti-09 Ab in the sample
o Separation is done by magnetic force
o Results: read visually against color scale
o IMBI – Inhibition Magnetic Binding Immunoassay
o Reagents:
 TUBEX Blue rgt- Ab coated particles In
protein stabilized buffer
 TUBEX Brown rgt – Ag coated particles in
protein stabilized buffer
 TUBEX negative control – protein stabilized
buffer
 TUBEX Positive control- control Ab in
protein stabilized buffer
Weil- Felix Test
 Weil and Felix (1916)
 Certain strains of Proteus vulgaris most probably share Ag
with several Rickettsia species that produce febrile diseases
such as typhus.
 3 strains of P. vulgaris have been found useful in diagnosing
rickettsial dse namely OX-2, ox-19, and OX-K
 Possible to detect Ab against a number of rickettsial dse
 Weil-Felix does not distinguish between Ab to Rickettsia
prowazekii, R. mooseri, and R. Ricketsii
 Need to study clinical symptoms with sero tests
 The gold std sero test for rickettsioses is the indirect
immunofluorescent Ab (IFA) assay
 Indirect immunoperoxidase Ab test yields similar results
 4 fold rise in IFA Ab titer to at least 1:64 is diagnostic