Profit and Loss

1. If books bought at prices from ` 150 to ` 300 are sold 11. A shopkeeper earns a profit of 12% on selling a book at
prices ranging from ` 250 to ` 350, what is the greatest 10% discount on the printed price. The ratio of the cost
possible profit that might be made in selling 15 books ? price and the printed price of the book is
(1) Cannot be determined (2) ` 750 (1) 99 ; 125 (2) 25 : 37
(3) ` 4,250 (4) ` 3,000 (3) 50 : 61 (4) 45 : 56
2. Ramesh bought 10 cycles for ` 500 each. He spent ` 2,000 12. By selling 80 ball pens for ` 140 a retailer loses 30%. How
on the repair of all cycles. He sold five of them for ` 750 many ball pens should he sell for ` 104 so as to make a
each and the remaining for ` 550 each. Then the total gain profit of 30% ?
or loss % is (1) 32 (2) 52
1 (3) 48 (4) 42
(1) Gain of 8 1 % (2) Loss of 8 % 13. A fruit seller buys some oranges at the rate of 4 for ` 10
3 3
and an equal number more at 5 for ` 10. He sells the whole
2 1 lot at 9 for ` 20. What is his loss or gain per cent ?
(3) Gain of 7 % (4) Loss of 7 %
3 7
19 19
3. A man buys a cycle for ` 1400 and sells it at a loss of 15%. (1) Loss per cent 1 % (2) Gain percent 1 %
81 81
What is the selling price of the cycle ? (3) No loss or no profit (4) Loss per cent 2%
(1) ` 1202 (2) ` 1190 14. A man bought pencils at the rate of 6 for ` 4 and sold them
(3) ` 1160 (4) ` 1000 at the rate of 4 for ` 6. His gain in the transaction is :
4. By selling a tape – recorder for ` 950, I lose 5%. What (1) 75% (2) 80%
per cent shall I gain by selling it for ` 1040? (3) 125% (4) 100%
(1) 5 (2) 4 15. Sourav purchased 30 kg of rice at the rate of ` 10 per kg
(3) 4.5 (4) 9 and 35 kg at the rate of ` 11 per kg. He mixed the two.
5. A cloth merchant on selling 33 metres of cloth obtains At what price per kg (in `) should he sell the mixture to
profit equal to the selling price of 11 metres of cloth. The make a 30% profit in the transaction ?
profit is (1) 12.5 (2) 13
(1) 40% (2) 22% (3) 13.7 (4) 14.25
(3) 50% (4) 11% 16. To gain 10% on selling sample milk at the cost price of
6. If the cost – price of 10 articles is equal to the sale – price pure milk, the quantity of water to be mixed with 50 kg.
of 16 articles, then the gain or loss percent is of pure milk is
1 (1) 2.5 kg. (2) 5 kg.
(1) 28% profit (2) 37 % profit (3) 7.5 kg. (4) 10 kg.
2
17. Nikita bought 30 kg of wheat at the rate of ` 9.50 per kg
1
(3) 28% loss (4) 37 % loss of wheat at the rate of ` 8.50 per kg and mixed them. She
2 sold the mixture at the rate of ` 8.90 per kg. Her total profit
7. If the cost price of 10 chains be equal to selling price of or loss in the transaction was :
16 chairs, then the loss percent is (1) ` 2 loss (2) ` 2 profit
(1) 9.6 (2) 17.5 (3) ` 7 loss (4) ` 7 profit
(3) 20 (4) 37.5 18. Salary of a person is increased by 20%, then it is decreased
9. The cost price : selling price of an article is a : b, If b is by 20%. Change in his salary is :
200% of a then the percentage of profit on cost price is (1) 4% decreased (2) 4% increased
(1) 75% (2) 125% (3) 8% decreased
(3) 100% (4) 200% (4) neither decrease nor increase
10. An article is sold at 5% profit. The ratio of selling price 19. On selling an article for ` 170, a shopkeeper loses 15%.
and cost price will be In order to gain 20%, he must sell that article at rupees :
(1) 1 : 5 (2) 20 : 21 (1) 215.50 (2) 212.50
(3) 21 : 20 (4) 5 : 1 (3) 240 (4) 210

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 CAREER POWER Chapterwise SSC Quantitative Aptitude
20. By selling an article for ` 240, a man incurs a loss of 10%.
11 11
At what price should he sell it, so that he makes a profit (3) 71 % (4) 11 %
of 20% ? 17 17
(1) ` 264 (2) ` 288 26. A retailer purchased radiosets at the rate of ` 400 each
(3) ` 300 (4) ` 320 from a wholesaler. He raised the price by 30% and then
allowed a discount of 8% on each set. His profit will be
21. An article was sold at 16% gain. Had it been sold for `
200 more, the gain would have been 20%. Then the cost (1) 19% (2) 78.4%
price of the article is : (3) 22% (4) 19.6%
(1) ` 5000 (2) ` 4800 27. A dishonest shopkeeper, using a faulty balance makes a
(3) ` 4500 (4) ` 5200 profit of 5% while buying as well as while selling his
goods. His actual gain percent in the whole process
3 amounts to
22. A dealer sold th of his articles at a gain of 24% and the
4 (1) 11 (2) 10
remaining at the cost price. Percentage of gain in the whole (3) 10.25 (4) 10.5
transaction is 28. By selling 1 dozen ball pens, a shopkeeper earned the
(1) 15 (2) 18 profit equal to the selling price of 4 ball pens. His profit
(3) 24 (4) 32 per cent is
23. Arvind purchased a wrist watch with 30% discount on the (1) 50 (2) 40
labelled price. He sold it with 40% profit on I he price he
1 1
bought. What was his percent loss on the labelled price? (3) 33 (4) 31
3 4
(1) 2 (2) 6
(3) 4 (4) 8 29. The loss incurred on selling 21 articles equals the selling
24. A shopkeeper marked the selling price of his goods in such price of 3 articles. Then the loss per cent is
a way that after giving a discount of 10% he gains 17%. 1
How much per cent above the cost price is the marked (1) 9 % (2) 10%
11
price?
(1) 36% (2) 27% 1 1
(3) 12 % (4) 11 %
(3) 30% (4) 40% 2 9
25. A dishonest dealer professes to sell his goods at the cost 30. Rita bought a television set with 20% discount on the
price but uses a false weight of 850 g instead of 1 kg. His labelled price. She made a profit of ` 800 by selling it for
gain percent is ` 16,800. The labelled price of the set was
(1) ` 18,000 (2) ` 20,000
12 11 (3) ` 20,800 (4) ` 24,000
(1) 17 % (2) 17 %
17 17

HINTS & SOLUTIONS

.ANSWER KEY.
1. (4) 2. (4) 3. (2) 4. (2) 5. (3) 6. (4)
7. (4) 9. (3) 10. (3) 11. (4) 12. (1) 13. (1)
14. (3) 15. (3) 16. (2) 17. (1) 19. (3) 20. (4)
21. (1) 22. (2) 23. (1) 24. (3) 25. (2) 26. (4)
27. (3) 28. (1) 29. (3) 30. (2)

1. (4) Minimum cost price = 150 × 15 = ` 2250 500 50 1

Loss percent = ´ 100 = = 7
Maximum selling price = 350 × 15 = ` 5250 7000 7 7%
Gain = 5250 – 2250 = ` 3000 100 - 15
2. (4) Total actual C.P. = (500 × 10 + 2000) = ` 7000 3. (2) Selling price = 1400 ´
100
Total S. P. = (5 × 750 + 5 × 500)
85
= ` (3750 + 2750) = ` 6500 = 1400 ´ = ` 1190
100
Loss = 7000 – 6500 = ` 500

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 Chapterwise SSC Quantitative Aptitude CAREER POWER

100 80
4. (2) C.P. of the tape recorder = ´ 950 = ` 1000 \ ` 140 = × 104 = 32
95 260
Gain = 1040 – 1000 = ` 40 13. (1) Let 20 apples of each type be bought
40 æ 10 10 ö
% Gain = ´ 100 = 4% C.P. of 40 apples = ` ç 20 ´ + 20 ´ ÷ = ` 90
1000 è 4 5ø
5. (3) S.P. of 33 metres of cloth
= C.P. of 33 metres of cloth + S.P. of 11 metres of 40 ´ 20 800
Total S.P. = =`
cloth 9 9
\ S.P. of 22 metres of cloth
800 10
= C.P. of 33 metres of cloth Loss = 90 – =
9 9
33 - 22
\ Gain per cent = × 100 = 50% 10
22
100 19
6. (4) If the C.P. of A articles be equal to S.P. of B articles \ Loss per cent = 9 × 100 = = 1 %
90 81 81
and A < B, then
14. (3) Let the number of pencils bought
B- A 16 - 10 = LCM of 4, 6 = 12
Percentage loss = × 100 = ´ 100
B 16 CP of 6 pencils = ` 4
600 75 1 \ CP of 12 pencils = ` 8
= = = 37 % S.P. of 4 pencils = ` 6
16 2 2
\ S.P. of 12 pencils = ` 18
16 - 10 Profit = ` (18 – 8) = ` 10
7. (4) Loss per cent = × 100 = 37.5
16
10
\ Profit % = ´ 100 = 125%
200 8
9. (3) b = a × = 2a
110 15. (3) Total cost = ` (3 × 10 + 35 × 11)
= ` (300 + 385) = ` 685
b b
=2Þ –1=2–1
a a æ 685 ´ 130 ö
Required S.P. = ` ç ÷
è 100 ø
b-a b-a
Þ =1 Þ × 100 = 100
a a 685 ´ 130
Rate per kg = = ` 13.7
\ Gain per cent = 100 65 ´ 100
10. (3) Required ratio = 105 : 100 = 21: 20 16. (2) Let the quantity of water mixed be x kg.
11. (4) Let the printed price of the book be ` x. Let the CP of 1 kg of pure milk = ` 1
\ Selling price = 90% of x
x
90 9x \ Gain percent = × 100
=x× =` 50
100 10 Þ 2x = 10 Þ x = 5 kg.
If the CP of the book be ` y, then 17. (1) Total CP of 70 kg of wheat
112 9 x = ` (30 × 9.5 + 40 × 8.5)
y´ = = ` (285 + 340) = ` 625
110 10
Total S.P. of 70 kg of wheat
y 9 100 45 = ` (8.90 × 70) = ` 623
= × =
x 10 112 56 \ Loss = ` (625 – 623) = ` 2
18. (1) If the value of a number is first increased by x% and
100
12. (1) C.P. of 80 ball pens = 140 × = ` 200 later decreased by x%, the net change is always a
70
For a gain of 30% x2
decrease which is equal to %.
100
200 ´ 130
S.P. = = ` 260 20 ´ 20
100
\ Required decrease = = 4%
\ ` 260 º 80 ball pens 100

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 CAREER POWER Chapterwise SSC Quantitative Aptitude
24. (3) C.P. of the article = ` 100 and marked price = ` x
170 ´100
19. (3) C.P. of article = = ` 200
85 90
\ x× = 117
100
200 ´ 120
\ Required S.P. = = ` 240
100 117 ´ 100
Þ x= = 130 = 30% above C.P..
20. (4) 90% of C.P. = ` 240 90

240 ´100 150

\ C.P. = ` 25. (2) Profit percent = ´ 100
90 1000 - 150
New S.P. = 120% of C.P.
150 ´100 300 11
100 120 = = = 17 %
= ` 240 ´ ´ = ` 320 850 17 17
90 100
400 ´130
21. (1) If the C.P. of article be ` x, then 26. (4) Marked price of a radio set = = ` 520
100
116 x ´ 120
x´ + 200 = 520 ´ 92
100 100 S.P. = = ` 487.4
100
4 78.4
Þ x× = 200 \ Gain per cent = × 100 = 19.6%
100 400
200 ´100 27. (3) Actual gain percent
Þ x= = ` 5000
4 æ 5´ 5 ö
22. (2) Total C.P. = ` 100 and number of articles = 100 = ç5+5+ ÷ % = 10.25%
è 100 ø
æ 75 ´124 ö 28. (1) SP of 12 ball pens
\ Total S.P. = ` ç + 25 ÷
è 100 ø = CP of 12 ball pens + SP of 4 ball pens.
= ` (93 + 25) = ` 118 Þ SP of 8 ball pens = CP of 12 ball pens
\ Gain per cent = 18 4
\ Gain per cent = × 100 = 50%
23. (1) Marked price = ` x 8
29. (3) S.P. of 3 articles
7x = C.P. of 12 articles – S.P. of 21 articles
Marked price = `
10 Þ S.P. of 24 articles = C.P. of 21 articles
7x 140 98 x 24 - 21 1
S.P. = × =` \ Loss percent = × 100 = 12 %
10 100 100 24 2
30. (2) Let the marked price of the television be ` x.
98 x 2x CP for Rita = ` (16800 – 800) = ` 16000
\ Loss = x – =
100 100 \ 80% of x = 16000
2x 16000 ´ 100
\ Loss per cent = × 100 = 2% Þ x= = ` 20000
100 ´ x 80

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