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Pneumonia Pathophysiology (Patient Based) : Non-Modifiable: Modifiable

This document summarizes the pathophysiology of pneumonia. Pneumonia can be caused by both non-modifiable factors like age and weather, as well as modifiable factors like environment, socioeconomic status, and oral hygiene. The disease process begins when microbes are aspirated or inspired into the lungs and the body's defenses fail, allowing invasion of the lower respiratory tract. This triggers an immune response involving B-cells, antibodies, and chemical mediators that cause vasodilation, increased blood flow, congestion, fluid accumulation in the alveoli, and ultimately lung consolidation and difficulty breathing. Pneumonia results and requires medical management of symptoms.

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YVETTE CLAIRE BORRES
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226 views2 pages

Pneumonia Pathophysiology (Patient Based) : Non-Modifiable: Modifiable

This document summarizes the pathophysiology of pneumonia. Pneumonia can be caused by both non-modifiable factors like age and weather, as well as modifiable factors like environment, socioeconomic status, and oral hygiene. The disease process begins when microbes are aspirated or inspired into the lungs and the body's defenses fail, allowing invasion of the lower respiratory tract. This triggers an immune response involving B-cells, antibodies, and chemical mediators that cause vasodilation, increased blood flow, congestion, fluid accumulation in the alveoli, and ultimately lung consolidation and difficulty breathing. Pneumonia results and requires medical management of symptoms.

Uploaded by

YVETTE CLAIRE BORRES
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

PNEUMONIA PATHOPHYSIOLOGY (PATIENT BASED)

Non-modifiable: Modifiable:

 Age (2 yrs old below and 65 yrs old above)  Environment


 Weather  Low socio-economic status
 Poor oral hygiene

Aspiration/inspiration of microbes

Failure of defenses

Invasion in the lower respiratory tract

Activation of B-cells

Release of antibodies

Antigen-antibody reaction (occurs in alveoli)

Release of chemical mediators

Vasodilation

Increased blood flow


Increased blood flow

Vasocongestion

Increased plasma hydrostatic pressure

Increased capillary permeability

Accumulation of fluid in the alveoli

Alveolar edema/Exudate formation

Consolidation of the lungs

Decreased lung inflation

Ineffective breathing pattern/DOB

Pneumonia

Nursing Intervention: Medical management:


Signs and symptoms:
 Assess VS specially  Penicillin G 500,000 units
 Difficulty of
respiratory status q6h breathing
 Monitor breath  Paracetamol 100 mg  Cough and
sounds, note TIV q4h prn for fever colds
changes in sputum
 Salbutamol neb, 1 neb
production
q4h
 Maintain adequate
fluid intake  Cetirizine 5mg/5ml
 Coughing and deep 2.5ml per orem OD
Diagnostic Test:
breathing exercise  Erythromycin ointment
 Chest bid  Chest x-ray
physiotheraphy  O2 support @ 2L/pm  Babygram
using nasal cannula  Blood test

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