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Importers
Exporters
Portfolio managers
Commercial banks
Brokers: Bring buyers and sellers together for a small commission thereby helping to
preserve the anonymity.
Arbitragers: Seek to earn riskless profit from price differences in different foreign exchange
markets.
Speculators: Buy and sell in the hope that a price change will result in a profit.
Hedgers: Hedgers, mostly Multinational corporations, enter into forward contracts to protect
domestic currency value of foreign currency denominated asset and liabilities on their balance
sheet
It is that segment of international financial market where
international bonds are brought and sold. Companies may raise
long- term funds in foreign currencies through issue of
international bonds. Foreign bonds and Euro bonds are the two
types of international bonds. International bond market also
includes;
Straight bonds
Global bonds
Convertible bonds
Cocktail bonds