E-Book Ets Vol2

EDUTALKS
Scholarship For Everyone
EDUTALKS TOEFL SIMULATION

( ETS VOL.2 )
Scholarship For Everyone | @idn.edutalks
EDUTALKS
PENYELENGGARA KEGIATAN SEPUTAR BEASISWA
Developed by CV INTER KREASI
Developed by Edutalks
STRUCTURE AND WRITTEN EXPRESSION
This section is designed to test your ability to recognize language structures that are appropriate
in standard written English.
Direction: Question 1-15 are partial sentences. Below each sentence you will see four words or
phrases, marked (A), (B), (C), and (D). Select the one word or phrase that best completes the
sentence. Then, on your answer sheet, find the number of the question you have selected.
Blacken the space so that the letter inside the oval does not show
Example I
Drying flowers is the best way ….. them.
A. To preserve
B. By preserving
C. Preserve
D. Preserved
The sentence should state, “Drying flower is the best way to preserve them.” Therefore, the
correct answer is (A)
Example II
Many American universities ….. as small, private colleges.
A. Begun
B. Beginning
C. Began
D. For the beginning
The sentence should state, “Many American universities began as small, private colleges.”
Therefore, the correct answer is ©
 After you read the directions, begin work on the questions.
1. Deep in the Radio Bec area of Mexico's Yucatan Penisula .......
A. does a 1,250-years-old pyramid lie
B. a 1,250-year-old pyramid lie
C. lies a 1,250-year-old pyramid
D. is a 1,250-year-old pyramid lying
Answer: C
2. The architecture and pottery uncovered in ..... revealed Middle Eastern cultural relationships.
A. this area has
B. the areas has
C. area have
D. this area have
Answer: D
3. The Pacific Crest Trail is America's .....
A. longest footpath
B. the long footpath
C. footpath the longest one
D. the longest footpath
Answer: A
4. Air pollution ..... almost every major city in the world.
A. that now afflicts
B. it now afflicts
C. now afflicts
D. what now afflicts
Answer: C
5. Today, "carpet" refers to floor coverings that reach from wall to wall ..... "rug" refers to a
piece of material that covers only one section of the floor.
A. therefore
B. whereas
C. in as much as
D. among
Answer: B
6. The triple function of Bodiam Castle's moat was to be defensive, decorative, and .....
A. to double the impression of impregnability
B. to be double the impression of impregnability
C. double the impression of impregnability
D. for doubling the impression of impregnability
Answer: A
7. ..... is that a chicken stands up to lay its eggs.
A. Many people don't realize
B. What many people don't realize
C. It is that many people don't realize
D. Because many people don't realize
Answer: B
8. The tiger heard the splashing, rolled into ambush position, and crouched down in the grass .....
A. readied itself to attack
B. made itself ready for the attack
C. to ready itself and attacked
D. to ready itself for the attack
Answer: D
9. ...... before the stork chick moves even six inches in the nest.
A. Just over five months is
B. It takes just over five months
C. When just five months are over
D. That it takes just over five months
Answer: B
10. Thor Hayerdahl ..... from Peru in a frail balsa craft to prove his theory of South American
migration to Polynesia.
A. set sail
B. who set sail
C. he set sail
D. whom set sail
Answer: A
11. Occupations in ..... participants have the most education are projected to have the most rapid
growth current rate.
A. that
B. which
C. whob
D. these
Answer: B
12. Because counterfeit products are often of substandard quality, ..... a potential a for safety
risks.
A. there are
B. it is
C. they are
D. there is
Answer: D
13. The worldwide warming of ..... threatens to raise the earth's average temperature by 1.5-4.5
degrees Celsius by the year 2050.
A. atmosphere
B. an atmosphere
C. the atmosphere
D. any atmosphere
Answer: C
14. Over a billion people live in countries that are already ..... firewood shortages.
A. experienced
B. experiencing
C. experience
D. have experienced
Answer: B
15. As society grows increasingly dependent on technology, computer skills are not
just desirable, ..... essential.
A. and
B. but
C. for
D. not
Answer: B
DIRECTION: In question 16 - 40 every sentence has four words or phrases that are
underlined. The four underlined portions of each sentences are marked (A), (B), (C), and (D).
Identify the one word or phrase that should be changed in order for the sentence to be correct.
Then on your answer sheet, find the number of the question and blacken the space that
corresponds to the letter of the answer you have selected.
Example I
Christoper Colombus has sailed from the Europe in 1492 and discovered
A B
a new land he thought to be India.
C D
The sentence should state, “Christoper Colombus sailed from the Europe in 1492 and
discovered a new land he thought to be India.” Therefore, you should choose answer (A).
Example II
As the roles of people in society change, so does the rules of conduct in certain
A B C
situations.
The sentence should state, “As the roles of people in society change, so do the rules of
conduct in certain situations.” Therefore, you should choose answer (B).
16. Small animals can to survive the desert heat by finding shade during the daytime.
A B C D
Answer: A
17. Motoring authorities credit mandatory seat belt laws by the reduction in traffic
A B C
fatalities.
Answer: B
18. Vancouver, British Columbia, was named after the man which explored the area in
A B C D
1792.
Answer: C
19. Belgian chocolate is considered by many to be the fine in the world.
A B C D
Answer: D
20.The dream of building a permanently staffed space station may soon to become
A B C
a reality.
Answer: C
21. The psychological school of behaviorism was found by J. B. Watson.
A B C D
Answer: C
22. The first wagon train on the Oregon Trail setting out from Independence, Missouri, in
A B C D
1841.
Answer: C
23. The discovery of gold in 1849 brought California nationwide attentive.
A B C D
Answer: D
24. The Kerma civilization was some of the earliest indigenous African tribal groups.
A B B D
Answer: B
25. Human beings which live longer than one hundred years are a rarity.
A B C D
Answer: A
26. Scientists have identified several hundred subatomical particle held together by a nuclear
A B C D
force.
Answer: B
27. Most small mammals live only two or three years, while an elephant may life for as
A B C D
long as sixty years.
Answer: C
28. Recent experiments conducted on laboratory animals have shown that exposing to
A B C
ozone gas in great quantities may cause cancer.
Answer: C
29. When hot and cold water they are mixed together, the hot water will give up heat to
A B C
the cold water.
Answer: A
30. The Amazon River flows largely through the sparsely inhabited jungles of Brazil on
A B
their way to the Atlantic Ocean.
C D
Answer: C
31. Consumers who spend more money on automobiles than on furniture and
A B C
household equipment.
Answer: A
32. The first elevator electric was installed in New York City in 1889.
A B C D
Answer: B
33.Mosquitoes will accepts the malaria parasite at only one stage of the parasite's
A B C
complex life cycle.
Answer: C
34. The counterpart of a negative electrons is the positive proton.
A B` C D
Answer: A
35. Alexander Hamilton's advocacy of a strong national government brought he into
A B C
bitter conflict with Thomas Jefferson.
Answer: C
36. After George Washington married widow Martha Custis, the couple comes to reside
A B C D
at Mount Vernon.
Answer: C
37. Most babies will grow up to be as cleverer as their parents.
A B C D
Answer: C
38. With animals both humans, chewing helps relieve tension.
A B C D
Answer: B
39. Diane Arbus's unusual and controversial work includes photograph of sixties
A B C D
celebrities.
Answer: C
40. It should not be assume that the lower the price, the happier the buyer.
A B C D
Answer: A
READING COMPREHENSION
Directions: In the third part of this section you will read several passages. Each is followed by
questions about it. For questions 1-50, you need to select the one best answer, (A), (B), (C), or
(D), to each question. Then, on your answer sheet, find the number of the question and blacken
the space that corresponds to the letter of the answer you have selected.
Answer all questions following a passage on the basis of what is stated or implied in the
passage.
Read the following passage:
A tomahawk is a small ax used as a tool and a weapon by the North American Indian tribes.
An average tomahawk was not very long and did not weigh a great deal. Originally, the head of
the tomahawk was made of a shaped stone or an anima1 bone and was mounted on a wooden
handle. After the arrival of the European settlers, the Indians began to use tomahawks with iron
heads. Indian males and females of all ages used tomahawks to chop and cut wood, pound stakes
into the ground to put up wigwams, and do many other chores. Indian warriors relied on
tomahawks as weapons and even threw them at their enemies. Some types of tomahawks were
used in religious ceremonies. Contemporary American idioms reflect this aspect of American
heritage.
Example I
Early tomahawk heads were made of ....
A. Stone or bone
B. Wood or sticks
C. European iron
D. Religious weapons
According to the passage, "The early tomahawk heads were made of stone or bone."
Therefore, the correct answer is (A).
Example II
How has the Indian use of tomahawks affected American daily life today?
A. Tomahawks are s till used as weapons.
B. Tomahawks are used as tools for certain jobs.
C. Contemporary language refers to tomahawks.
D. Indian tribes cherish them as heirlooms.
The passage states that "Contemporary American idioms reflect this aspect of American
heritage." The correct answer is (C).
 After you read the directions, begin work on the questions.
READING 1
In the American colonies there was little money. England did not supply the colonies
with coins and it did not allow the colonies to make their own coins, except for the
Massachusetts Bay Colony. Which received permission for a short period in 1652 to make
several kinds of silver coins. England wanted to keep money out of America as a means of
controlling trade: America was forced to trade only with England if it did not have the money to
buy products from other countries. The result during this prerevolutionary period was that the
colonists used various goods in place of money: beaver pelts, Indian wampum, and tobacco
leaves were all commonly used substitutes for money. The colonists also made use of any
foreign coins they could obtain. Dutch, Spanish, French, and English coins were all in use in the
American colonies.
During the Revolutionary War, funds were needed to finance the war, so each of the
individual states and the Continental Congress issued paper money. So much of this paper
money was printed that, by the end of the war, almost no one would accept it. As a result trade in
goods and the use of foreign coins still flourished during this period.
By the time the Revolutionary War had been won by the American colonists, the
monetary system was in a state of total disarray. To remedy this situation, the new Constitution
of the United States, approved in 1789, allowed Congress to issue money. The individual states
could no longer have their own money supply. A few years later, the Coinage Act of 1792 made
the dollar the official currency of the United States and put the country on a bimetallic standard.
In this bimetallic system, both gold and silver were legal money, and the rate of exchange of
silver to gold was fixed by the government at sixteen to one.
1. The passage mainly discusses .....
A. American money from past to present
B. the English monetary policies in colonial America
C. the effect of the Revolution on American money
D. the American monetary system of the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries
Answer: D
2. The passage indicates that during the colonial period, money was .....
A. supplied by England
B. coined by the colonists
C. scarce
D. used extensively for trade
Answer: C
3. The Massachusetts Bay Colony was allowed to make coins ....
A. continuously from the inception of the colony
B. throughout the seventeenth century
C. from 1652 until the Revolutionary War
D. for a short time during one year
Answer: D
4. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage as a substitute for money during the
colonial period?
A. wampum
B. cotton
C. tobacco
D. beaver furs
Answer: B
5. It is implied in the passage that at the end of the Revolutionary War, a paper dollar was
worth .....
A. exactly one dollar
B. just under one dollar
C. just over one dollar
D. almost nothing
Answer: B
READING 2
Niagara Falls, one of the most famous North American natural wonders, has long been a
popular tourist destination. Tourists today flock to see the two falls that actually constitute
Niagara Falls: the 173-foot-high Horseshoe Falls on the Canadian side of the Niagara River in
the Canadian province of Ontario and the 182-foot-high American Falls on the U.S. side of the
river in the state of New York. Approximately 85 percent of the water that goes over the falls
actually goes over Horseshoe Falls, with the rest going over American Falls.
Most visitors come between April and October, and it is quite a popular activity to take a
steamer out onto the river and right up to the base of the falls for a close-up view. It is also
possible to get a spectacular view of the falls from the strategic locations along the Niagara River,
such as Prospect Point or Table Rock, or from one of the four observation towers which have
heights up to 500 feet.
Tourists have been visiting Niagara Falls in large numbers since the 1800s; annual
visitation now averages above 10 million visitors per year. Because of concern that all these
tourists would inadvertently destroy the natural beauty of this scenic wonder, the state of New
York in 1835 created Niagara Falls Park in order to protect the land surrounding American Falls.
A year later Canada created Queen Victoria Park on the Canadian side of the Niagara, around
Horseshoe Falls. With the area surrounding the falls under the jurisdiction of government
agencies, appropriate steps could be taken to preserve the pristine beauty of the area.
6. What is the major point that the author is making in this passage?
A. Niagara Falls can be viewed from either the American side or the Canadian side.
B. A trip to the United States isn't complete without a visit to Niagara Falls.
C. Niagara Falls has had an interesting history.
D. It has been necessary to protect Niagara Falls from the many tourists who go there.
Answer: D
7. The word "flock" in line 2 could best be replaced by .....
A. come by plane
B. come in large numbers
C. come out of boredom
D. come without knowing what they will see
Answer: B
8. According to the passage, which of the following best describes Niagara Falls?
A. Niagara Falls consists of two rivers, one Canadian and the other American.
B. American Falls is considerably higher than Horseshoe Falls.
C. The Niagara River has two falls, one in Canada and one in the United States.
D. Although the Niagara River flows through the United States and Canada, the falls are only
in the United States.
Answer: C
9. A "steamer" in line 8 is probably .....
A. a bus
B. a boat
C. a walkway
D. a park
Answer: B
10. The expression "right up" in line 8 could best be replaced by .....
A. turn to the right
B. follow correct procedures
C. travel upstream
D. all the way up
Answer: D
11. The paragraph following the passage most probably discussed .....
A. additional ways to observe the falls
B. steps take by government agencies to protect the falls
C. a detailed description of the decision of the falls between the United States and Canada
D. further problems that are destroying the area around the falls
Answer: B
12. The passage implies that tourists prefer to .....
A. visit Niagara Falls during warmer weather
B. see the falls from a great distance
C. take a ride over the falls
D. come to Niagara Falls for a winter vacation
Answer: A
13. The word "jurisdiction" in line 17 is closest in meaning to .....
A. view
B. assistance
C. taxation
D. control
Answer: D
14. The word "pristine" in line 18 is closest in meaning to
A. pure and natural
B. highly developed
C. well regulated
D. overused
Answer: A
15. According to the passage, why was Niagara Park created?
A. To encourage tourists to visit Niagara Falls
B. To show off the natural beauty of Niagara Falls
C. To protect the area around Niagara Falls
D. To force Canada to open Queen Victoria Park
Answer: C
READING 3
Water scarcity is fast becoming one of the major limiting factors in world crop
production. In many areas, poor agricultural practices have led to increasing desertification and
the loss of formerly arable lands. Consequently, those plant species that are well adapted to
survival in dry climates are being looked at for an answer in developing more efficient crops to
grow on marginally arable lands.
Plants use several mechanisms to ensure their survival in desert environments. Some
involve purely mechanical and physical adaptations, such as the shape of the plant's surface,
smaller leaf size, and extensive root systems. Some of the adaptations are related to chemical
mechanisms. Many plants, such as cacti, have internal gums and mucilage which give them
water-retaining properties. Another chemical mechanism is that of the articulate wax layer. This
wax layer acts as an impervious cover to protect the plant. It prevents excessive loss of internal
moisture. It also protects the plant from external aggression, which can come from inorganic
agents such as gases, or organic agents which include bacteria and plant pests.
Researchers have proposed that synthetic waxes with similar protective abilities could be
prepared based on knowledge of desert plants. If successfully developed, such a compound could
be used to greatly increase a plant's ability to maintain health in such adverse situations as
inadequate water supply, limited fertilizer availability, attack by pests, and poor storage after
harvesting.
16. This passage deals mainly with .....
A. desertification
B. decreasing water supplies
C. factors limiting crop production
D. developing efficient plants
Answer: D
17. Which is one of the ways the articulate wax protects the plant?
A. It helps the plant to avoid excessive moisture intake.
B. It helps the plant to attack aggressors.
C. It releases gases against plant pests.
D. It guards against bacteria.
Answer: D
18. Which of the following is a mechanical or physical mechanism desert plants use?
A. the plant's shape
B. the small root system
C. the vast leaf size
D. the high water consumption
Answer: A
19. What is NOT an example of an adverse situation for crops?
A. Inadequate water
B. Insufficient fertilizer
C. Pest aggression
D. Proper storage
Answer: C
20. What is an example of an inorganic agent that may attack plants?
A. Bacteria
B. Insects
C. Gas
D. Pets
Answer: A
READNG 4
The Beatles became the most popular group in rock music history. This quartet of
extraordinarily talented musicians generated a phenomenal number of pieces that won gold
records. They inspired a frenzy that transcended countries and economic strata. While all of them
sang, John Lennon and Paul McCartney wrote the majority of their songs. Originally, Lennon
and five others formed a group called the Quarry in 1956, with McCartney joining them later that
year. George Harrison, John Lennon, and Paul McCartney, together with Stuart Wycliffe, who
played the bass guitar, and Pete Best on the drums, performed together in several bands for a few
years, until they finally settled on the Silver Beatles in 1960. American rock musicians, such as
Chuck Berry and Elvis Presley, influenced Lennon's and McCartney's music, whose first hits
consisted of simple tunes and lyrics about young love, "Love Me Do" and "Please, Please Me."
The Beatles' U.S. tour propelled them to stardom and led to two movies A Hard Day's Night and
Help!, filmed in 1964 and 1965. The so-called British invasion of the United States was in full
swing when they took the top five spots on the singles charts, followed by the release of their
first film.
During the 1960s, their music matured and acquired a sense of melody. The lyrics of
their songs became deeper and gained in both imagination and meaning. Their popularity
continued to grow as the Beatles turned their attention to social problems and political issues in
"Nowhere Man" and "Eleanor Rig by." Loneliness and nostalgia come through in their ballads
"Michelle" and "Yesterday," which fully displayed the group's professional development and
sophistication. Lennon's sardonic music with lyrics written in the first person, and McCartney's
songs that created scenarios with off beat individuals, contributed to the character of the music
produced by the group. In addition to their music, the Beatles set a social trend that popularized
long hair, Indian music, and mod dress.
For a variety of reasons, the musicians began to drift apart, and their last concert took
place in San Francisco in 1966. The newspapers and tabloids publicized their quarrels and
lawsuits, and the much idolized group finally disbanded in 1970. However, their albums had
outsold those of any other band in history. Although all of the Beatles continued to perform solo
or form new rock groups, alone, none could achieve the recognition and success that they had
been able to win together.
21. What does the passage mainly discuss?
A. The history and music of the Beatles
B. The history and milestones of rock music
C. The fashion and music popular in the 1960s
D. The creation and history of a music group
Answer: A
22. According to the passage, which of the Beatles had the greatest musical talent?
A. John Lennon and Paul McCartney
B. George Harrison and John Lennon
C. Stuart Wycliffe and Pete Best
D. John Lennon, Paul McCartney, and George Harrison
Answer: A
23. According to the passage, how many members were in the band, formed in
1956?
A. Four
B. Five
C. Six
D. Seven
Answer: D
24. According to the passage, the Beatles' fame grew as a result of .....
A. Chuck Bern's involvement
B. their American tour
C. two movies made in the U.S.
D. their first two hits
Answer: B
25. The author of the passage implies that the Beatles...
A. competed with American musicians
B. wrote their music as a group
C. became popular relatively quickly
D. were active in social movements
Answer: C
26. The author of the passage implies that over time, the music and lyrics by the Beatles .....
A. became more complex than at the beginning of their career
B. declined in quality and political significance
C. were dedicated to women named Eleanor and Michelle
D. made them the richest musicians in the world
Answer: A
27. According to the passage, when did the Beatles experience their greatest success?
A. In the late 1950s.
B. After their break-up in 1970.
C. During the early and mid-1960s.
D. Throughout their lifetimes.
Answer: C
28. The word "acquired" in line 19 is closest in meaning to ...
A. imparted
B. attached
C. imprinted
D. attained
Answer: D
29. The word "scenarios" in line 21 is closest in meaning to ...
A. experiences
B. situations
C. life stories
D. love themes
Answer: B
30. In line 26, the word "disbanded" is closest in meaning to .....
A. Cooperated
B. Bevelled
C. Slipped
D. Bonded
Answer: A
READING 5
It was once believed that being overweight was healthy, but nowadays few people
subscribe to this viewpoint. While many people are fighting the battle to reduce weight, studies
are being conducted concerning the appetite and how it is controlled by both emotional and
biochemical factors. Some of the conclusions of these studies may give insights into how to deal
with weight problems. For example, when several hundred people were asked about their eating
habits in times of stress, 44 percent said they reacted to stressful situations by eating, Further
investigations with both humans and animals indicated that it is not food which relieves tension
but rather the act of chewing.
A test in which subjects were blindfolded showed that obese people have a keener sense
of taste and crave more flavorful food than non obese people. When deprived of the variety and
intensity of tastes, obese people are not satisfied and consequently cat more to fulfill this need.
Blood samples taken from people after they were shown a picture of food revealed that
overweight people reacted with an increase in blood insulin, a chemical associated with appetite.
This did not happen to average-weight people.
In another experiment, results showed that certain people have a specific, biologically
induced hunger for carbohydrates. Eating carbohydrates raises the level of serotonin, a
neurotransmitter in the brain. Enough serotonin produces a sense of satiation, and hunger for
carbohydrates subsides.
Exercise has been recommended as an important part of a weight-loss program. However,

it has been found that mild exercise, such as using the stairs instead of the elevator, is better in
the long run than taking on a strenuous program, such as jogging, which many people find
difficult to continue over long periods of time and which also increases appetite.
31. It can be inferred from the passage that
A. thin people don't enjoy food
B. a variety of foods and strong flavors satisfies heavy people
C. overweight people have an abnormal sense of taste
D. deprivation of food makes people fat
Answer: B
32. It can be inferred from the passage that .....
A. overweight people are tense
B. thin people don't eat when under stress
C. weight watchers should chew on something inedible when tense
D. 56 percent of the population isn't overweight
Answer: C
33. It can be inferred that for certain people .....
A. Eating carbohydrates eliminates hunger
B. Carbohydrates biologically induce hunger
C. Carbohydrates don't satisfy a hunger person
D. Carbohydrates subside when serotonin is produced
Answer: A
34. According to the passage, insulin
A. increases in the bloodstream when people eat large amounts of food
B. can be used to lessen the appetite
C. causes a chemical reaction when food is seen
D. levels don't change in average-weight people who see food
Answer: D
35. What can be said about serotonin?
A. It is a chemical that increases the appetite
B. Only certain people product it in their brains
C. It tells the brain when a person is full
D. It neurotransmitters carbohydrates to the brain
Answer: A
READING 6
Leonardo da Vinci was born on April 15, 1452 in Vinci, Italy. He was the illegitimate
son of Ser Piero, a Florentine notary and landlord, but lived on the estate and was treated as a
legitimate son. In 1483, Leonardo da Vinci drew the first model of a helicopter. It did not look
very much like our modern day "copter," but the idea of what it could do was about the same.
Leonardo was an artist and sculptor. He was very interested in motion and movement and
tried to show it in his art. In order to show movement, he found it helpful to study the way things
moved. One subject he liked to study was birds and how they flew. He spent many hours
watching the birds and examining the structure of their wings. He noticed how they cupped air
with their wings and how the feathers helped hold the air. Through these studies, Leonardo
began to understand how birds were able to fly.
Like many other men, Leonardo began to dream of the day when people would be able to
fly. He designed a machine that used all the things he had learned about flight, and thus became
the first model of a helicopter. Poor Leonardo had only one problem, however. He had no way
to give the necessary speed to his invention. You see, motors had not yet been invented and
speed was an important part of the flying process. It would be another four hundred years before
the engine was invented and another fifty years before it was put to the test in an airplane.
Leonardo's dream of a helicopter finally came to pass in 1936. The Italian painter, sculptor,
architect, engineer, and scientist, Leonardo died on May 2, 1519, and was buried in the cloister
of San Fiorentino in Amboise.
36. What is the author's main point?
A. The invention of the helicopter.
B. Birds cup air with their wings and use feathers to help hold the air.
C. An overview of one of Leonardo da Vinci's many skills.
D. Leonardo da Vinci was born in 1452 and died in 1519.
Answer: A
37. The word "it" in paragraph one refers to..
A. Leonardo Da Vinci
B. The first model helicopter
C. 1483
D. Motion and movement
Answer: B
38. The word "problem" in paragraph three could best be replaced by ..
A. Dilemma
B. Mistake
C. Danger
D. Pain
Answer: B
39. What was the main problem with Leonardo's invention?
A. Motors were not yet invented
B. The birds lost their feathers
C. He was illegitimate
D. He couldn't draw
Answer: A
40. The word "illegitimate" in paragraph one is closest in meaning to .....
A. Against the law or illegal
B. Not in correct usage
C. Incorrectly deduced; illogical
D. Born out of wedlock
Answer: D
READING 7
History books record that the first film with sound was The Jazz Singer in 1927. But
sound films, or "talkies," did not suddenly appear after years of silent screenings. From the
earliest public performances in 1896, films were accompanied by music and sound effects. These
were produced by a single pianist, a small band, or a full-scale orchestra; large movie theaters
could buy sound-effects machines. Research into sound that was reproduced at exactly the same
time as the pictures - called "synchronized sound" - began soon after the very first films were
shown. With synchronized sound, characters on the movie screen could sing and speak. As early
as 1896, the newly invented gramophone, which played a large disc carrying music and dialogue,
was used as a sound system. The biggest disadvantage was that the sound and pictures could
become unsynchronized if, for example, the gramophone needle jumped or if the speed of the
projector changed. This system was only effective for a single song or dialogue sequence.
In the "sound-on-film" system, sounds were recorded as a series of marks on celluloid

which could be read by an optical sensor. These signals would be placed on the film alongside
the image, guaranteeing synchronization. Short feature films were produced in this way as early
as 1922. This system eventually brought us "talking pictures."
41. The passage is mainly about ......
A. the history of silent movies
B. the disadvantages of synchronized sound
C. the development of sound with movies
D. the research into sound reproduction
Answer: C
42. It can be inferred that .....
A. most movie theaters had a pianist
B. sound-effects machines were not common because they were expensive
C. orchestras couldn't synchronize sound with the pictures
D. gramophones were developed about the same time as moving pictures
Answer: D
43. According to the passage, films using sound effects were screened .....
A. before 1896
B. as early as 1896
C. as carly as 1922
D. in 1927
Answer: B
44. According to the passage, gramophones were ineffective because they .....
A. got out of synchronization with the picture
B. were too large for most movie theaters
C. were newly invented and still had imperfections
D. changed speeds when the needle jumped
Answer: A
45. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a producer of sound to accompany movies?
A. a jazz singer
B. a single pianist
C. a small band
D. a gramophone
Answer: A
READING 8
What issues are of concern to today's teenagers? How do they view themselves and the
world in which they live? How do they rate their schools in terms of helping them prepare for
adulthood? These were the basic questions answered by the 1988 American Home Economics
Association's Survey of American Teenagers. Interviews with 510 high school juniors and
seniors, selected to represent the U.S. high school population by sex and by race/ethnicity,
indicated that the world of today's teenagers is a balance of positive and negative influences.
Teenagers identified issues relating to money, the future, and health as ones that worry
them most. At least three in ten were "extremely" or “very" concerned about being able to pay
for college, not earning enough money, making the wrong decisions about their futures,
contracting AIDS, and the future of the United States. Issues relating to career choice, marriage,
family financial well-being, combining work and family responsibilities, dealing with family
crises, and nutrition and disease were of concern to at least one in five surveyed.
Further, teenagers reported that the schools are doing only an "adequate" job of teaching
them the skills necessary for a responsible and productive life. Schools received the highest
ratings in life-skill areas related to health concerns (substance abuse, human sexuality, and
AIDS), choosing a career, and making important life decisions. But teenagers perceived that they
were least prepared by schools in matters related to family life/parenting, choosing a marital
partner, and dealing with family crises, such as death and divorce.
46. According to the passage, which of the following is considered one of the most worrisome
issues facing teenagers today?
A. A decrease in academic skills
B. Racial problems
C. Future financial problems
D. The high rate of divorce
Answer: C
47. With which topic is the passage mainly concerned?
A. American teenagers' preparation for adulthood
B. Results of a survey of American teenagers
C. Positive and negative influences on American teenagers
D. Current home economics curricula
Answer: B
48. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT mentioned as an area in which
schools are sufficiently preparing their teenagers?
A. Health
B. Careers
C. Drugs
D. Academics
Answer: D
49. The paragraph following the passage most probably discusses
A. the likelihood of increasing the number of academic course Requirements
B. the need for additional funding for health-related courses
C. how the survey was administered and how the results were calculated
D. program improvement and curriculum in life-skills programs
Answer: D
50. With which of the following statements would the author of the passage be LEAST likely to
agree?
A. Today's American teenagers are mostly pessimistic about their future.
B. American teenagers are satisfied with their educational programs.
C. The results of the survey reflect the consensus of most American teenagers.
D. American teenagers are somewhat dissatisfied with the current family life education
programs available in their high schools.
Answer: B
Soal-soal Edutalks TOEFL Simulation dihimpun oleh Tim Edutalks.
Hopefully this will be useful!

E-Book Ets Vol2

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

E-Book Ets Vol2

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

EDUTALKS

Scholarship For Everyone

EDUTALKS TOEFL SIMULATION

Developed by CV INTER KREASI

STRUCTURE AND WRITTEN EXPRESSION

Drying flowers is the best way ….. them.

Many American universities ….. as small, private colleges.

D. For the beginning

 After you read the directions, begin work on the questions.

1. Deep in the Radio Bec area of Mexico's Yucatan Penisula .......

A. does a 1,250-years-old pyramid lie

B. a 1,250-year-old pyramid lie

C. lies a 1,250-year-old pyramid

D. is a 1,250-year-old pyramid lying

A. this area has

B. the areas has

D. this area have

3. The Pacific Crest Trail is America's .....

B. the long footpath

C. footpath the longest one

D. the longest footpath

4. Air pollution ..... almost every major city in the world.

A. that now afflicts

D. what now afflicts

A. to double the impression of impregnability

B. to be double the impression of impregnability

C. double the impression of impregnability

D. for doubling the impression of impregnability

7. ..... is that a chicken stands up to lay its eggs.

A. Many people don't realize

B. What many people don't realize

C. It is that many people don't realize

D. Because many people don't realize

A. readied itself to attack

B. made itself ready for the attack

C. to ready itself and attacked

D. to ready itself for the attack

A. Just over five months is

B. It takes just over five months

C. When just five months are over

D. That it takes just over five months

B. who set sail

D. whom set sail

just desirable, ..... essential.

a new land he thought to be India.

19. Belgian chocolate is considered by many to be the fine in the world.

21. The psychological school of behaviorism was found by J. B. Watson.

23. The discovery of gold in 1849 brought California nationwide attentive.

long as sixty years.

ozone gas in great quantities may cause cancer.

the cold water.

their way to the Atlantic Ocean.

complex life cycle.

34. The counterpart of a negative electrons is the positive proton.

35. Alexander Hamilton's advocacy of a strong national government brought he into

bitter conflict with Thomas Jefferson.

37. Most babies will grow up to be as cleverer as their parents.

38. With animals both humans, chewing helps relieve tension.

Read the following passage:

Early tomahawk heads were made of ....

A. Tomahawks are s till used as weapons.

B. Tomahawks are used as tools for certain jobs.

C. Contemporary language refers to tomahawks.