Professional Documents
Culture Documents
MEETING 1
CHAPTER 1: INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY, THE INTERNET, AND YOU
CHAPTER 2: THE INTERNET, THE WEB, AND E-COMMERCE
Prepared by:
ITC team – AOU, Kuwait branch
Based on the content of GT101 smart book @McGraw-Hill Education
CHAPTER 1: INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY, THE
INTERNET, AND YOU
Learning Outcomes:
• Explainthe parts of an information system: people, procedures,
software, hardware, data, and the Internet.
• Distinguish between system software and application software.
• Identify the four types of computers and the five types of personal
computers.
• Define data and describe document, worksheet, database, and
presentation files.
• Explain computer connectivity. 2
INFORMATION SYSTEMS
Parts of the information system:
• People
• Procedures
• Software
• Hardware
• Data
• Internet
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PROCEDURES
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SOFTWARE
• Programs (Software)* are the instructions that tell the computer how to do
its work.
• The purpose of software is to convert data (unprocessed facts) into
information (processed facts)
• Two major kinds of software:
₋ Application Software (think of it as the kind of programs you use;
e.g. Word processors)
₋ System Software (think of it as the kind of programs the computer uses;
e.g. Operating Systems) 6
*Actually, there is a difference between the two terms but it is beyond the scope of this course.
HARDWARE
– Supercomputers
– Mainframe computers Sorted from the most powerful to the
least powerful according to the storage
– Midrange computers and the processing capability.
– Personal computers
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HARDWARE
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DATA
• Data is raw, unprocessed facts including text, numbers, images
and sounds.
• Processed data becomes information.
• Digital data is stored electronically in files.
• Four common types of files are:
– Document files
– Worksheet files
– Database files
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– Presentation files
DATA
• Document files: created by word processors to save documents
such as letters and memos.
• Worksheet files: created by spreadsheets to analyze things like
budgets and to predict sales.
• Database files: created by database management programs to
contain highly structures and organized data such as the
information stored about students of a university.
• Presentation files: created by presentation graphics programs to
save presentation materials.
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CONNECTIVITY
• Almost all information systems provide a way to connect to other
people and computers, typically using the Internet.
• Connectivity is the capability of your personal computer to share
information with other computers.
• Central to the concept of connectivity is the network.
• A network is a communications system connecting two or more
computers.
• The largest network in the world is the Internet.
• The web provides a multimedia interface to the numerous resources
available on the Internet. 13
CHAPTER 2: THE INTERNET, THE WEB, AND E-COMMERCE
Learning Outcomes:
• Explain the origins of the Internet and the web.
• Explain how to access the web using providers and browsers.
• Compare different web utilities, including plug-ins, filters, file transfer utilities, and
Internet security suites.
• Compare different Internet communications, including e-mail, text messaging,
instant messaging, social networking, blogs, microblogs, webcasts, podcasts, and
wikis.
• Describe search tools, including search engines and evaluating the accuracy of
information presented on the web.
• Describe cloud computing and the Internet of Things (IoT). 14
THE INTERNET AND THE WEB
• TheInternet is a large network that connects smaller networks all over the
globe.
• It was launched in 1969 when the US developed a national computer network
called ARPANET.
• Atthe beginning, the Internet was all text (no graphics, animation, sound or
video).
• The World Wide Web or WWW (introduced in 1991) made it possible to include
these elements.
• The web is not the Internet.
– The Internet is the physical network (made up of wires, cables, etc.).
– Being "online" refers to being connected to this network.
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– The Web is the multimedia interface to the resources available on the Internet
THE INTERNET AND THE WEB
The most common uses of the Internet and the Web:
• Communicating
– Exchange e-mail, photos and videos.
– Discussion groups (forums).
• Searching (for information)
– Access some of the world’s largest libraries directly from home computer (virtual libraries).
• Education or e-learning
– You can take classes on almost any subject.
• Entertainment
– Find music, movies, magazines and computer games.
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• Shopping
INTERNET ACCESS: PROVIDERS
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INTERNET ACCESS: BROWSERS
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Example of a URL
WEB UTILITIES
• Utilities are programs that make computing easier.
• Web Utilities are specialized utility programs that make using the
Internet and the web easier and safer.
• Some utilities are browser-related programs.
• Others are designed to protect children from dangerous and
inappropriate websites materials.
• Examples:
– Plug-Ins
– Filters
– File Transfer Utilities 21
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Examples of plug-ins
WEB UTILITIES: FILTERS
• Filters are programs that allow
parents and organizations to block
access to selected sites.
• These programs can monitor use
and generate reports about total
time spent on the Internet and the
time spent at individual websites.
Examples of filters
• Listof the best-known filters is
shown in the table.
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WEB UTILITIES: FILE TRANSFER UTILITIES
• File Transfer Utilities help you upload and download files to and
from the Internet.
• Three popular types of file transfer are:
– File Transfer Protocol (FTP) and Secure File Transfer Protocol (SFTP)
– Web-based file transfer services (E.g. Dropbox.com)
– BitTorrent
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WEB UTILITIES: INTERNET SECURITY SUITES
• An Internet Security Suite is a collection of utility programs designed to
maintain your security and privacy while you are on the Web.
• These programs control spams, protect against computer viruses,
provide filters and much more.
• You could buy each program separately; however, the cost of the suit is
typically much less.
• Three of the known Internet security suites are:
– Kaspersky
– McAfee 25
– Norton
COMMUNICATION
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COMMUNICATION: E-MAIL
• E-mail or electronic mail is the transmission of electronic messages
over the Internet.
• E-mail can be a valuable asset in your life. However, like many other
valuable technologies, there are drawbacks too.
– Spam is junk, unwanted or unsolicited e-mail.
– Computer viruses or destructive programs are often attached to spams.
– To control spams:
• Spam blockers (Spam filters)
• Antispam laws (E.g. In USA, CAN-SPAM requires that every marketing-
related e-mail provide an opt-out option) 27
COMMUNICATION: MESSAGING
There are two main types of messaging:
• Text messaging (known as texting or SMS)
– It is the process of sending a short electronic message (typically less than 160
characters).
– It was originally limited to characters but now you can send images, video, and
sound using a variation of SMS known as MMS (Multimedia Messaging Service).
• Instant Messaging (IM)
– It allows two or more people to contact each other via direct, live
communication.
– Most IM programs also include video conferencing features, file sharing, and
remote assistance.
– Most widely used instant messaging services:
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COMMUNICATION: WIKIS
• Cloud computing uses the Internet and the Web to shift many
computer activities from the user’s computers and other computers
on the Internet.
• It frees end-users from owning, maintaining, and storing software
programs and data.
• It provides access to these services from anywhere through an
Internet connection.
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CLOUD COMPUTING
The basic components to cloud computing:
• Clients (end-users).
• The Internet.
• Service providers:
Cloud computing components
– Such as Google Drive Apps, which
provides free access to programs with
capabilities similar to Microsoft’s Word,
Excel and PowerPoint.
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