282
5. Watson RM. Impression technique
8 Resultant definitive cast.
SUMMARY
A definitive impression technique
using both impression wax and vi-
nyl polysiloxane impression material
for displaceable mandibular residual
ridges is described. Consideration has
been given to the choice of impres-
sion materials as well as to the design
of the impression tray to minimize the
amount of pressure exerted onto the
displaceable regions of the residual
ridges during the impression-making
procedure.
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The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry
REFERENCES
1. McGarry TJ, Nimmo A, Skiba JF, Ahlstrom
RH, Smith CR, Koumjian JH. Classifica-
tion system for complete edentulism. The
American College of Prosthodontics. J
Prosthodont 1999;8:27-39.
2. Kelly E. Changes caused by a mandibular
removable partial denture opposing a
maxillary complete denture. J Prosthet Dent
1972;27:140-50.
3. Xie Q, Närhi TO, Nevalainen JM, Wolf
J, Ainamo A. Oral status and prosthetic
factors related to residual ridge resorption
in elderly subjects. Acta Odontol Scand
1997;55:306-13.
4. Lytle RB. The management of abused oral
tissues in complete denture construction. J
Prosthet Dent 1957;7:27-42.
Volume 101 Issue 4
for maxillary fibrous ridge. Br Dent J
1970;128:552.
6. Lynch CD, Allen PF. Management of the
flabby ridge: using contemporary materi-
als to solve an old problem. Br Dent J
2006;200:258-61.
7. Campagna SJ. An impression technique
for immediate dentures. J Prosthet Dent
1968;20:196-203.
8. Freeman SP. Impressions for complete den-
tures. J Am Dent Assoc 1969;79:1173-8.
9. Zarb GA, Bolender CL, Eckert SE, Fenton
AH, Jacob RF, Mericske-Stein R. Prost-
hodontic treatment for edentulous
patients: complete dentures and implant-
supported prostheses. 12 ed. St. Louis:
Mosby; 2003. p. 232-33, 246.
10.Boucher CO. A critical analysis of mid-
century impression techniques for full
dentures. J Prosthet Dent 1951;1:472-91.
11.Applegate OC. Essentials of removable par-
tial denture prosthesis. 3rd ed. Philadephia:
WB Saunders; 1965. p. 254-5.
12.Al-Ahmad A, Masri R, Driscoll CF, von
Fraunhofer J, Romberg E. Pressure gener-
ated on a simulated mandibular oral
analog by impression materials in custom
trays of different design. J Prosthodont
2006;15:95-101.
13.Masri R, Driscoll CF, Burkhardt J, Von
Fraunhofer A, Romberg E. Pressure gener-
ated on a simulated oral analog by impres-
sion materials in custom trays of different
designs. J Prosthodont 2002;11:155-60.
14.Martin JW, Jacob RF, King GE. Boxing the
altered cast impression for the dentate
obturator by using plaster and pumice. J
Prosthet Dent 1988;59:382-4.
Corresponding author:
Dr Radi Masri
650 West Baltimore St, Room 4228
Baltimore, MD 21201
Fax: 410-706-1565
E-mail: rmasri@umaryland.edu
Copyright © 2009 by the Editorial Council for
The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry.
Tan et al
Method for fabrication of a cast
mounting device with interchangeable
occlusal templates
Jimmy Londono, DDS,a and Philip S. Baker, DDSb
School of Dentistry, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, Ga
The cast mounting device is an in- able occlusal templates for orienting from the open end of the cup, reduce
dex for positioning a patient’s maxil- the maxillary cast in articulators using it approximately 10 mm more than
lary cast within the dental articulator. mounting plates. It may permit use of the required final plane height.
This technique is commonly based a single duplicate template on mul- 4. Obtain an indexed dowel pin
upon average measurements made tiple brands and models of articula- and matching sleeve (MR PIN - Dual
from anatomic landmarks. Although tors, when appropriate template bas- Pin and Sleeve; Select Dental Mfg
many studies1-23 have investigated es have been made using the outlined Co, Farmingdale, NY). Using a pencil
arbitrary or kinematic facebows to technique. Alternatively, multiple oc- point, place a hole in the center of the
determine whether they are more ac- clusal templates could be fabricated cup bottom with a diameter slightly
curate methods for cast orientation, to fit a single base made for a specific greater than the widest diameter of
controversy over their use contin- model, system, or brand of articula- the dowel sleeve. Mix mounting stone
ues.24 tor, depending on the manufacturer’s (Mounting Stone; Whip Mix Corp)
Some commercial mounting de- design. and fill the modified cup. Place some
vices currently available are the Artex of the remaining mounting stone into
Set Up Templates for Complete Den- PROCEDURE the retentive features of the mount-
tures (Amann Girrbach AG, Koblach, ing plate on the articulator. Invert the
Austria), the Denar HIP Mounting 1. Using a vacuum forming device stone-filled cup and place it on top of
Platform (Whip Mix Corp, Louisville, (UltraVac Vacuum Former; Ultradent the loaded mounting plate, adjusting
Ky), and the Quick Master Articu- Products, Inc, South Jordan, Utah), for correct alignment as needed. Re-
lator System Mounting Table (FAG duplicate the metal occlusal template move any excess stone expressed from
Dentaire, Cluses, France). The Artex (Trubyte 20 Degree Posterior Tem- the opening in the bottom of the cup,
index is designed for use only in com- plate; Dentsply Intl, York, Pa) with so that it is approximately at the height
plete denture treatment, while the 0.080-inch hard, clear splint material of the original paper bottom. Prior to
Denar Platform and the Quick Mas- (Henry Schein, Inc, Melville, NY). initial stone set, embed the single pin
ter Mounting Tables are intended for 2. Trim the thermoplastic sheet to end of the dowel pin patrix in the cen-
dentulous as well as edentulous pa- the original external template outline tered cup hole, with the pin oriented
tient applications. with a vacuum form trimming bur perpendicular to the table top and
The primary limitation of these (Brasseler H219S.11.023; Brasseler pin shoulder at the level of the stone
commercial devices is their lack of USA, Savannah, Ga). Do not remove surface. Note that the template base
interchangeability with other manu- material from the lingual area. is now completed (Fig. 1, A).
facturers’ articulator systems. Unless 3. Secure a mounting plate to 5. Place a hole in the center of the
the dentist uses the appropriate ar- the lower member of the articulator duplicate 20-degree template using
ticulator with a specific cast mount- of choice. Center an inverted 6-oz a medium acrylic resin trimming bur
ing device, it cannot be ensured that waxed paper cup (Solo Cup Co, High- (Brasseler E-Cutter H79E-050; Bras-
the components will be compatible in land Park, Ill) on top of the mount- seler USA); the hole should allow pas-
either fit or orientation. ing plate. Position the duplicated, sage of the matrix sleeve of the dowel
The purpose of this article is to trimmed template on the cup and pin. Seat the matrix fully on the pa-
describe a simple, quick, and inex- determine the appropriate cup height trix. Place the template on the seated
pensive method for fabricating a to establish the desired occlusal plane sleeve, avoiding dislodgement of the
mounting device with interchange- level within the articulator. Trimming sleeve from the patrix. Position the
Clinical Instructor, Department of Oral Rehabilitation.
a
Associate Professor, Department of Oral Rehabilitation.
b
(J Prosthet Dent 2009;101:283-284)
Londono and Baker
284 Volume 101 Issue 4

A nontraumatic method for ceramic

crown removal
Stefano Ardu, DMD,a and Raymond Perroud, DMDb
Dental School, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland

A B
1 A, Completed base with paper cup and attached dowel pin patrix, and unused matrix sleeve. B, Duplicated tem-
plate with dowel pin matrix attached.

1 Maxillary left central incisor has ceramic crown luted 2 Impression material application using quadrant dis-
with provisional cement. Vinyl polysiloxane adhesive ap- posable tray.
plied to facial crown surface.

2 Device with positioned cast ready for articulator mounting.

template in the middle part of the pin
sleeve and affix it with cyanoacrylate
adhesive (Loctite QuickTite Super
Glue; Henkel Corp, Rocky Hill, Conn)
(Fig. 1, B). Confirm proper orienta-
tion to the articulator, and provide
clearance with the edges of the cup so
that complete dowel pin seating on
the patrix can be observed (Fig. 2).
REFERENCES
1. Gysi A. Practical application of research
results in denture construction. J Am Dent
Assoc 1929;16;199-223.
2. House MM. Studies in prosthesis. J Am Dent
Assoc 1931;18:827-52.
3. Schuyler CH. Intraoral method of establish-
ing maxillomandibular relations. J Am Dent
Assoc 1932;19:1012-19.
4. Craddock FW, Symmons HF. Evaluation of
the face-bow. J Prosthet Dent 1952;2:633-
42.
5. Lazzari JB. Application of the Hanau Model
“C” face-bow. J Prosthet Dent 1955;5:626-8.
6. Schallhorn RG. Study of the arbitrary center
and the kinematic center of rotation for
face-bow mountings. J Prosthet Dent
1957;7:162-9.
The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry
7. Borgh O, Posselt U. Hinge axis registration:
experiments on the articulator. J Prosthet
Dent 1958;8:35-40.
8. Christiansen RL. Rationale of the face-bow
in maxillary cast mounting. J Prosthet Dent
1959;9:388-98.
9. McCollum BB. The mandibular hinge axis
and a method of locating it. J Prosthet Dent
1960;10:428-35.
10.Brotman DN. Hinge axes. Part I: The
transverse hinge axis. J Prosthet Dent
1960;10:436-40.
11.Brotman DN. Hinge axes. Part II: Geometric
significance of the transverse axis. J Prosthet
Dent 1960;10:631-6.
12.Brotman DN. Hinge axes. Part III: Vertical
and sagittal rotational centers. J Prosthet
Dent 1960;10:873-7.
13.Weinberg LA. An evaluation of the face-bow
mounting. J Prosthet Dent 1961;11:32-42.
14.Lauritzen AG, Bodner GH. Variations in
location of arbitrary and true hinge axis
points. J Prosthet Dent 1961;11:224-9.
15.Weinberg LA. An evaluation of basic
articulators and their concepts. Part I: Basic
concepts. J Prosthet Dent 1963;13:622-44.
16.Weinberg LA. An evaluation of basic articu-
lators and their concepts. Part II: Arbitrary,
positional, semiadjustable articulators. J
Prosthet Dent 1963;13:645-63.
17.Weinberg LA. An evaluation of basic
articulators and their concepts. Part III:
Fully adjustable articulators. J Prosthet Dent
1963;13:873-88.
18.Teteruck WR, Lundeen HC. The accu-
racy of an ear face-bow. J Prosthet Dent
1966;16:1039-46.
19.Bailey LR. Recording edentulous jaw rela-
tionships. Dent Clin North Am 1977;21:271-
83.
20.Thorp ER, Smith DE, Nicholls JI. Evaluation
of the use of a face-bow in complete denture
occlusion. J Prosthet Dent 1978;39:5-15.
21.Walker PM. Discrepancies between arbi-
trary and true hinge axes. J Prosthet Dent
1980;43:279-85.
22.Simpson JW, Hesby RA, Pfeifer DL, Pelleu
GB Jr. Arbitrary mandibular hinge axis loca-
tions. J Prosthet Dent 1984;51:819-22.
23.Palik JF, Nelson DR, White JT. Accuracy
of an earpiece face-bow. J Prosthet Dent
1985;53:800-4.
24.Yanus M, Finger IM, Weinberg R. Compari-
son of a universal mounting jig to a face-
bow. J Prosthet Dent 1983;49:623-7.
Corresponding author:
Dr Jimmy Londono
Medical College of Georgia School of Den-
tistry
Oral Rehabilitation Department
1120 15th St, AD-3128
Augusta, GA 30912
Fax: 706 721-8349
E-mail: jlondono@mail.mcg.edu
Copyright © 2009 by the Editorial Council for
The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry.
Londono and Baker
When a ceramic crown is luted
with provisional cement and must be
removed, the risk of fracturing mar-
gins or chipping the restoration dur-
ing removal may increase if a com-
mon crown-removing forceps is used.
Therefore, authors advocate the use
of a quadrant disposable tray1 and an
impression material,2 together with its
adhesive.3
This article describes a proce-
dure that allows the use of a mini-
mal amount of impression material,
resulting in an inexpensive method
which allows for easy and nontrau-
matic removal of ceramic crowns.
The mechanical advantage of this
technique is that the pressure at the
ceramic shoulder (which is usually the
weakest part of a ceramic crown) is
reduced, due to the fact that the area
of stress created during the crown re-
moval is shared along the crown axis.
Lecturer, Division of Preventive Medicine.
a
Senior Lecturer, Division of Preventive Medicine.
b
(J Prosthet Dent 2009;101:285)
Ardu and Perroud
In this manner, the risk of marginal
chipping is reduced. This technique is
especially suitable for ceramic crowns
where the ceramic shoulder is thin.
PROCEDURE
1. Apply the vinyl polysiloxane ad-
hesive (VPS Tray Adhesive; 3M ESPE
AG, Seefeld Germany) on the labial or
buccal and palatal or lingual crown
surfaces (Fig. 1).
2. Apply the impression material
(Impregum Garant L Duo Soft; 3M
ESPE AG) using a quadrant dispos-
able tray (Kwik Tray; Kerr Corp, Or-
ange, Calif ) (Fig. 2).
3. When the impression material
has polymerized, remove the quad-
rant tray and the crown, which has
adhered to the impression material.
REFERENCES
1. Grant BE, Tjan AH. Tensile and peel bond
strengths of tray adhesives. J Prosthet Dent.
1988;59:165-8.
2. Ping Chaing BK. Polymers in the service of
prosthetic dentistry. J Dent 1984;12:203-
14.
3. Lane DA, Randall RC, Lane NS, Wilson NH.
A clinical trial to compare double-arch and
complete-arch impression techniques in the
provision of indirect restorations. J Prosthet
Dent 2003;89:141-5.
Corresponding author:
Dr Stefano Ardu
Ecole de Médecine Dentaire, Université de
Genève
Rue Barthélemy-Menn 19, CH-1205
Genève
SWITZERLAND
Fax: +41 22 3829990
E-mail: stefano.ardu@unige.ch
Copyright © 2009 by the Editorial Council for
The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry.