Exercise 1A

1 a x3 × x4 = x3 + 4 m 9x2 × 3(x2)3 = 9 × 3 × x2 × x2 × 3
= x7 = 27x2 + 6
= 27x8
b 2x3 × 3x2 = 2 × 3 × x3 + 2
= 6x5 n 3x3 × 2x2 × 4x6 = 3 × 2 × 4 × x3 + 2 + 6
= 24x11
k3
c = k3 − 2 o 7a4 × (3a4)2 = 7a4 × 9a8
k2
= 63a12
=k
p (4y3)3 ÷ 2y3 = 64y9 ÷ 2y3
4 p3 4 p3 = 32y6
d  
2p 2 p
 2  p3  1 q 2a3 ÷ 3a2 × 6a5 = 2 ÷ 3 × 6 × a3 − 2 + 5
= 4a6
 2 p2
3 x 3 3 x3 r 3a4 × 2a5 × a3 = 3 × 2 × a4 + 5 + 3
e = 
3x 2 3 x2  = 6a12
= 1 × x3 − 2
=x 2 a 9(x − 2) = 9x – 18

f (y2)5 = y2 × 5 b x(x + 9) = x2 + 9x
= y10
c −3y(4 − 3y) = −12y + 9y2
g 10x5 ÷ 2x3 = 5x5 − 3
= 5x2 d x(y + 5) = xy + 5x

h (p3)2 ÷ p4 = p6 ÷ p4 e −x(3x + 5) = −3x2 − 5x

= p6 − 4
= p2 f −5x(4x + 1) = −20x2 − 5x

i (2a3)2 ÷ 2a3 = 22 × a6 ÷ 2a3 g (4x + 5)x = 4x2 + 5x

= 4a6 ÷ 2a3
= 2a6 − 3 h −3y(5 − 2y2) = −15y + 6y3
= 2a3
i −2x(5x − 4) = −10x2 + 8x
j 8p4 ÷ 4p3 = 2p4 − 3
= 2p1 j (3x − 5)x2 = 3x3 − 5x2
= 2p
k 3(x + 2) + (x − 7) = 3x + 6 + x − 7
4 5
k 2a × 3a = 2 × 3 × a × a 4 5 = 4x − 1
= 6 × a4 + 5
= 6a9 l 5x − 6 − (3x − 2) = 5x − 6 − 3x + 2
= 2x − 4
7
21a 3b7 21 a
3
b
l 4
= × × 4 m 4(c + 3d2) − 3(2c + d2)
7ab 7 a b = 4c + 12d2 − 6c − 3d2
= 3a3 – 1 × b7 − 4 = −2c + 9d2
= 3a2b3

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2 n (r2 + 3t2 + 9) − (2r2 + 3t2 − 4) 8 x3  5 x 8 x3 5 x
= r2 + 3t2 + 9 − 2r2 − 3t2 + 4 3 d = 
2x 2x 2x
= 13 − r2
5
 4 x3  1  x1  1
o x(3x2 − 2x + 5) = 3x3 − 2x2 + 5x 2
5
 4 x2 
p 7y2(2 − 5y + 3y2) = 14y2 − 35y3 + 21y4 2

q −2y2(5 − 7y + 3y2) = −10y2 + 14y3 − 6y4 7 x7  5 x 2 7 x7 5x2

e = 
5x 5x 5x
r 7(x − 2) + 3(x + 4) − 6(x − 2)
= 7x − 14 + 3x + 12 − 6x + 12 7
 x7  1  x2  1
= 4x + 10 5
7 x6
s 5x − 3(4 − 2x) + 6 = 5x − 12 + 6x + 6  x
5
 = 11x − 6
2 2 2 9 x5  5 x3 9 x5 5 x3
t 3x − x(3 − 4x) + 7 = 3x − 3x + 4x + 7 f = 
= 7x2 − 3x + 7 3x 3x 3x
5
 3x5  1  x3  1
u 4x(x + 3) − 2x(3x – 7) 3
= 4x2 + 12x − 6x2 + 14x 5x2
= 26x − 2x2  3x 4 
3
v 3x2(2x + 1) − 5x2(3x − 4)
= 6x3 + 3x2 − 15x3 + 20x2
= 23x2 − 9x3

6 x 4  10 x 6 6 x 4 10 x 6
3 a  
2x 2x 2x
 3x 4– 1
 5x6 – 1

 3x3  5 x5

3x 5  x 7 3x5 x 7
b = 
x x x
 3x – x 7 –
5– 1 1

 3x 4  x6

2x4  4x2 2 x4 4 x2
c = 
4x 4x 4x
1
 x4  1  x2  1
2
x3
 x
2

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2