Designation: A 703/A 703M – 07

Standard Specification for

Steel Castings, General Requirements, for Pressure-
Containing Parts1
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A 703/A 703M; the number immediately following the designation
designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon ( e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.

This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.

1. Scope
Scope*
* be used independently of the other. Combining values from the
1.1 This specificati
specification 2
on covers a group of common require- two systems may result in nonconformance with the specifi-
ments that, unless otherwise specified in an individual speci- cation. Inch-pound units are applicable for material ordered to
fication,
fication, shall apply to stee
steell cast
castings
ings for pres
pressure-
sure-conta
containing
ining Spec
Sp ecifi
ifica
cati
tion
on A 70
703
3 an
andd SI ununit
itss fo
forr ma
mate
teri
rial
al or
orde
dere
red
d to
parts under each of the following ASTM specifications: Specification A 703M.
Title of Specification ASTM Designation
2. Referenced Documents
Steel Castings, Carbon, Suitable for Fusion Welding,   A 216/A 216M 2.1   ASTM Standards:   3
for High-T
High-Temperature
emperature Service
Steel Castings, Martensitic Stainless and Alloy, for   A 217/A 217M
A 216/A 216M   Specifi
Specificati
cation
on for Steel Casti
Castings,
ngs, Carbo
Carbon, n,
Pressure-Containing Parts, Suitable for High- Suitable
Suita ble for Fusio
Fusionn Weldi
elding,
ng, for High-
High-T Tempe
emperatur
raturee Ser
Ser--
Temperature Service vice
Castings, Austenitic, Austenitic-Ferritic (Duplex),   A 351/A 351M A 217/A 217M  Specification for Steel Castings, Martensitic
Pressure-Containing
Pressure-Contain ing Parts
Steel Castings, Ferritic and Martensitic, for Pressure-   A 352/A 352M Stainless
Stain less and Alloy,
Alloy, for Pres
Pressure-
sure-Conta
Containin
ining
g Parts
Parts,, Suit
Suit--
Containing Parts, Suitable for Low-Temperature able for High-Temperature Service
Service
Steel Castings, Alloy, Specially Heat-Treated, for   A 389/A 389M
A 351/A 351M   Specificati
Specificationon for Casti
Castings,
ngs, Austenitic,
Austenitic, for
Pressure-Containing Parts, Suitable for High- Pressure-Containing Parts
Temperature Service A 352/A 352M  Specification for Steel Castings, Ferritic and
Steel Castings Suitable for Pressure Service   A 487/A 487M
Castings, Iron-Nickel-Chromium and Nickel Alloys, A 990
Martensit
Mart ensitic,
ic, for Press
Pressure-
ure-Conta
Containin
ining
g Part
Parts,
s, Suita
Suitable
ble for
Specially Controlled for Pressure Retaining Parts for Low-Temperature
Low-T emperature Service
Corrosive Service A 370   TeTest
st Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing
Testing
Castings, Austenitic-Ferritic (Duplex) Stainless Steel, A 995/A 995M
for Pressure-Containing Parts of Steel Products
-
-
A 380   Practice for Cleaning, Descaling, and Passivation of 
1.2 This specification also
` 
  ,
  ,
` 
` 
also covers a group of supplementary
supplementary Stainless Steel Parts, Equipment, and Systems
` 

requirements which may be applied to the above specifications

  ,
  ,

A 389/A 389M   Specification for Steel Castings, Alloy Alloy,, Spe-

  ,
  ,
` 
` 
` 

as indicated therein. These are provided for use when addi-

` 
-
` 
-
`  cially
cial ly Heat-
Heat-Tre
Treated,
ated, for Press
Pressure-C
ure-Conta
ontaining
ining Part
Parts,
s, Suit
Suit--
  ,

tional
tional tes
  ,
` 
  ,
  ,
` 
  ,
testin
ting
g or ins
inspec
pectio
tion
n is des
desire
ired
d and app
apply
ly onl
only
y whe
when
n able for High-Temperature Service
` 
  ,

  ,̀ 
  ,
` 

specified individually by the purchaser in the order. A 487/A 487M  Specification for Steel Castings Suitable for
-
-
-

1.3 In cas
casee of con
conflic
flictt bet
betwee
ween n the req
requir
uireme
ements
nts of the Pressure Service
indivi
individua
duall spe
specifi
cificat
cation
ion and thithiss gen
genera
erall spe
specifi
cificat
cation
ion,, the A 488/A 488M  Practice for Steel Castings, Welding, Quali-
former shall prevail. fications of Procedures and Personnel
1.4 The values stated
stated in either inch-pound
inch-pound units
units or SI units A 609/A 609M   Pract
Practice
ice for Casti
Castings,
ngs, Carbo
Carbon,n, Low-Al
Low-Alloy
loy,,
are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the and Mart
Martensi
ensitic
tic Stai
Stainless
nless Stee
Steel,
l, Ultr
Ultrasoni
asonicc Exami
Examinati
nation
on
SI uni
units
ts are sho
shown
wn in bra
bracke
ckets.
ts. The val
values
ues stated
stated in eac
each
h Thereof 
system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must A 751   Test
Test Met
Methods
hods,, Pra
Practi
ctices
ces,, and Term
erminoinolog
logy
y for
Chemical Analysis of Steel Products
A 800/A 800M  Practice for Steel Casting, Austenitic Alloy,
1
This specification
specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel,
Stainless Steel and Related Alloys
Stainless Alloys and is the direct responsibility
responsibility of Subco
Subcommittee
mmittee
A01.18 on Castings.
3
Currentt editio
Curren edition
n approv
approved
ed March 1, 2007. Published March 2007 2007.. Origin
Originally
ally For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
approved in 1974. Last previous edition approved in 2006 as A 703/A 703M – 06. contact ASTM Customer Service at service@
service@astm.o
astm.org.
rg. For   Annual Book of ASTM 
2
For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications see related Specifi-  volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Standards volume
Standards
cation SA-703/SA-703M in Section II of that Code. the ASTM website
website..

*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.

Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.

1
Provided by IHS
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A 703/A 703M – 07
Estimating Ferrite Content Thereof  3.1.2   chaplet ,  n —a chaplet is a metallic support placed in a
A 802/A 802M   Practice for Steel Castings, Surface Accep- mold cavity to maintain the spacing between a core and the
tance Standards, Visual Examination mold.
A 903/A 903M   Specifi
Specificat
cation
ion for Ste
Steel
el Cas
Castin
tings,
gs, Sur
Surfac
facee 3.1.3   electronic data interchange (EDI),   n—the computer-
Acceptance Standards, Magnetic Particle and Liquid Pen- to-comput
to-computer er excha
exchange
nge of busin
business
ess info
informat
rmation
ion in a stan
standard
dard
etrant Inspection format such as ANSI ASC X12.
A 941  Terminology Relating to Steel, Stainless Steel, Re- 3.1.4   heat ,   n—all the molten metal poured from a single
lated Alloys, and Ferroalloys furnace or all the molten metal from two or more furnaces
A 967   Specification
Specification for Chemi
Chemical
cal Pass
Passivati
ivation
on Tre
Treatme
atments
nts poured into a single ladle or casting prior to the replenishing of 
for Stainless Steel Parts the furnace(s).
A 990   Specificat
Specification
ion for Casti
Castings,
ngs, Iron-
Iron-Nicke
Nickel-Chr
l-Chromiu
omiumm 3.1.5   internal chill,  n —an internal chill is a metallic device
and Nic
Nickel
kel All
Alloys
oys,, Spe
Specia
cially
lly Con
Contro
trolle
lled
d for PrePressu
ssure
re placed in a mold cavity to increase the rate of heat removal at
Retaining Parts for Corrosive Service that location.
A 991/A 991M   Test
Test Meth
Method
od for Condu
Conductin
cting
g Tempe
emperatu
rature
re 3.1.6   test coupon,  n —the part from which the test specimen
Uniformity Surveys of Furnaces Used to Heat Treat Steel will be extracted.
Products 3.1.7   test specimen,  n —the part that will be acted upon in a
A 995/A 995M   Specifi
Specificat
cation
ion for Cast
Castings
ings,, Aust
Austenit
enitic-
ic- mechanical test.
Ferritic (Duplex) Stainless Steel, for Pressure-Containing
Parts 4. Mate
Material
rialss and Manufacture
Manufacture
E 29   Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to
4.1   Melting Process—Th
—Thee ste
steel
el sha
shall
ll be mad
madee by ope
open-
n-
Determine Conformance with Specifications
-
-
`  hearth
hearth or elect
electric-
ric-furna
furnace
ce proce
process,
ss, with or with
without
out separ
separate
ate
E 94   Guide for Radiographic Examination
  ,
  ,
` 
` 
` 
  , refining such as argon-oxygen-decarburization (AOD), unless
E 125  Reference Photographs for Magnetic Particle Indica-
  ,
  ,
  ,
` 
` 
` 
` 
otherwise designated by the individual specification.
tions on Ferrous Castings
-
` 

4.2   Heat Treatment :

-
` 
  ,
  ,

E 165   Test Method for Liquid Penetrant Examination

` 
  ,
  ,
` 
  ,

4.2.1
4.2.1 Fer
Ferrit
ritic
ic and mar
marten
tensit
sitic
ic ste
steel
el sha
shall
ll be coo
cooled
led aft
after
er
` 
  ,

E 186   Reference Radiographs for Heavy-Walled (2 to 4

  ,
` 

pouring to provi
pouring provide
de subst
substanti
antially
ally compl
completeete trans
transform
formatio
ation
n of 
-
-
-

1/2-in. [51 to 114-mm]) Steel Castings

austenite prior to heat treatment to enhance mechanical prop-
E 208   Test
Test Meth
Methodod for Conduc
Conducting
ting Drop-
Drop-W Weigh
eightt Test to
erties.
Determine Nil-Ductility Transition Temperature of Ferritic
4.2.2 Casti
Castings
ngs shall be heat treated
treated in the worki
working
ng zone of a
Steels
furnace that has been surveyed in accordance with Test Method
E 280  Reference Radiographs
Radiographs for Heavy
Heavy-W-Walle
alled
d (4 1/2
1/2 to
A 991/A 991M.
991M.
12-in. [114 to 305-mm]) Steel Castings
4.2.2.1
4.2.2.1 When
When cas castin
tings
gs are hea
heatt tre
treate
ated
d at tem
temper
peratu
atures
res
E 340   Test Method for Macroetching Metals and Alloys
above 2000°F [1100°C], then the working zone shall have been
E 446  Reference Radiographs for Steel Castings Up to 2 in.
establ
establish
ished
ed by a sur
survey
vey per
perfor
forme
medd at not mor moree tha
thann 25°
25°FF
[51 mm] in Thickness
[15°C] below nor more than 200°F [110°C] above the mini-
E 709   Guide for Magnetic Particle Examination
mum heat treatment temperature specified for the grade. If a
Standard:4
2.2   ANSI Standard:
minimum heat treatment temperature is not specified for the
B16.5  Steel Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings
grade, then the survey temperature shall be not more than 50°F
2.3   Standards of the Manufacturer’s
Manufacturer’s Standardization
Standardization Soci-
[30°C] below nor more than 175°F [100°C] above the furnace
ety of the Valve and Fitting Industry:5
MSS SP 53  Quality Standard for Steel Castings for Valves, set4.2.2.2
point used.
The maximum variation
variation in measured temperature
temperature as
Flanges and Fittings, and Other Piping Components (Dry
determined by the difference between the highest temperature
Powder Magnetic Particle Inspection Method)
and the lowest
lowest tem
temper
peratu
ature
re sha
shall
ll be as agr
agreed
eed bet
betwee
weenn the
MSS SP 54  Quality Standard for Steel Castings for Valves,
purchaser
purc haser and produ
producer
cer except that during produ production
ction heat
Flanges and Fittings, and Other Piping Components (Ra-
trea
treatm
tmen
ent,
t, no po
port
rtio
ion
n of th thee fu
furn
rnac
acee sh
shal
alll be be
belo
low
w th
thee
diographic Inspection Method)
minim
mi nimum
um spespecifi
cified
ed temtemper
peratu
ature
re nor aboabove
ve the mamaxim
ximum
um
specified temperature for the grade being processed.
3. Terminology
3.1   Definitions: 5. Chemical Composition
3.1.1 The definitions in Test Test Methods and Definitions
Definitions A 370
and Terminology A
Terminology A 941 are
941  are applicable to this specification and 5.1   Chemical
Chemical Analy sis—Ch
Analysis —Chemi
emical
cal ana
analys
lysis
is of mat
materi
erials
als
those listed in 
in   1.1
1.1.. covered by this specification shall be in accordance with Test
Methods A
Methods  A 751.
751.
5.2   Heat Analysis—An analysis of each heat shall be made
by the man
manufa
ufactu
cturer
rer to det
determ
ermine
ine the per
percen
centag
tages
es of the
4

Available
4th Floor, Newfrom American
York, National
NY 10036, Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
http://www.ansi.org. elements
elemen ts spe
specifi
cified.
ed. The ana
analys
lysis
is sha
shall
ll be mad
madee fro
from m a tes testt
5
sample preferably taken during the pouring of the heat. When
Available from Manufacturers Standardization Society of the Valve and Fittings
Industry
Industry (MSS), 127 Park St., NE, Vie Vienna,
nna, VA 22180-4602,
22180-4602, http://www.mss-
http://www.mss- drillings are used, they shall be taken not less than   1 ⁄ 4   in. [6.4
hq.com. mm]] ben
mm beneat
eath
h the sur
surfac
face.
e. The che
chemic
mical
al com
compos
positiitionon thuthuss

2
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A 703/A 703M – 07
TABLE
TABLE 1 Produ
Product
ct Analysis
Analysis Toleranc
Tolerances
es for Carbon and Low-A
Low-Alloy
lloy material supplied:  (1)  contains an element, other the nitrogen,
Steels that is not specified in the ordered grade, and  (2)  the amount of 
  TolerancesB ,C  over max or that element equals or exceeds the minimum requirement for
Element RangeA
under min, Limit, %
the element in another grade for which it is specified. For this
Carbon (C) up to 0.65 % 0.03 3 % CL+ 0.02
requirement, a grade is defined as an alloy described individu-
above 0.65 % 0.04 %
Manganese ( Mn
Mn) up t o 1 % 0.08 3 % MnL+ 0.01 ally in a table of chemical requirements within any specifica-
above 1 % 0.09 tion listed within the scope of this section.
Silicon (Si) up to 0.60 % 0.22 3 % SiL− 0.01
5.5 The sub
substi
stitut
tution
ion of a gra
grade
de or com
compos
positition
ion dif
differ
ferent
ent
above 0.60 % 0.15 %
Phosphorus (P) all 0.13 3 % PL+ 0.005 from that specified by the purchaser is prohibited.
3
S
Nuiclfkuerl ((S
N)i) a
ulpl to 2 % 0 .36 %
0.10 SL+ 0.001 5.6
5.6 Wh
Wher eree mo
more
re th
than
an on
onee la
ladl
dlee is po
pour
ured
ed in
into
to a sing
single
le
3 % NiL+ 0.03
above 2 % 0.25 %
casting, the molten metal in each ladle must conform to the
Chromium (Cr) up t o 2 % 0.07 3 % CrL+ 0.04 specified chemical requirements.
above 2 % 0.18 %
Mol
olyb
ybd
de nu
num (M
(Mo)
o) up t o 0 .6
.6 % 0.04 3 % MoL+ 0.03 6. Mechanical Test
Test Methods
above 0.6 % 0.06 %
Vanadium (V) up to 0.25 % 0.23 3 % VL+ 0.004 6.1 All mechanical
mechanical tests shall be condu
conducted
cted in accor
accordance
dance
above 0.25 % 0.06 % with Test Methods and Definitions A
Definitions  A 370.
370.
Tungsten (W) up to 0.10 % 0.08 3 % WL+ 0.02
above 0.10 % 0.02 %
7. Tensile Requirements
Requirements
Copper (Cu) up to 0.15 % 0.18 3 % CuL+ 0.02
above 0.15 % 0.05 % 7.1 One tension test shall be made made from each heat, and shall
Aluminum (Al) up to 0.03 % 0.01 %
0.03 to 0.10 %, incl. 0.083 % Al + 0.02
conform
conf orm to the tens tensile
ile requ
requirem
irements
ents specified. Test coupons
above 0.10 % 0.03 % shall be cast from the same heat as the castings represented,
A
The range denot
denotes es the composition
composition limits
limits up to which the tolerances
tolerances are except that for investment castings, the test coupons shall be
computed
comput ed by the equation
equation,, and above which
which the toleran
tolerances
ces are giv
given
en by a cast in the same type of mold as the castings. 6
constant. 7.2 The coupon from which which the test specimen
specimen is taken shall
B 
The subscript  L  for the elements in each equation indicates that the limits of the
be heat treated in production furnaces to the same procedure as
elem
element
ent
ion specified
equation
equat to calcu by the
calculate
late the tolerance
applicable for
applicable specifica
specification
tion are
the upper limittoand
be the
inserted
inse rted rinto
lower
lowe t,the
limit,
limi if the castings it represents.
applicable, respectively. Examples of computing tolerances are presented in the
7.3 Tes
Testt specimens may be cut from heat-treated
heat-treated castings, at
footnote C 
footnote  C .
C 
To compute the tolerances, consider the manganese limits 0.50 − 80 % of the producer’s option, instead of from test coupons.
Grade WC4 of Spec Specificat
ification
ion  A 217/A 217M.
217M.   In accor
accordance
dance with   Table
Table 1, the 7.4   Investment Castings—For investment castings, the cou-
maximum permissible deviation of a product analysis below the lower limit 0.50 is
0.05 % = (0.08 3 0.50 + 0.01). The lowest acceptable product analysis of Grade
pons
po ns ma
may y be ca cast
st to shshap
apee or ma mach
chin
ined
ed fr
from
om cocoup
upon
onss to
WC4, therefore, is 0.45 %. Similarly,
Similarly, the maximum permissible deviation above the dimensions in accordance with Test Methods and Definitions
upper limit of 0.80 % is 0.074 % = (0.08  3  0.80 + 0.01). The highest acceptable A 370 or
370  or the ICI coupon shown in  Fig. 1. 1.
product analysis of Grade WC4, therefore, is 0.874. For Grade WCC of Specifi-
cation A
cation  A 216/A 216M,
216M ,   the maximum manganese content is 1.40 % if the carbon
7.5   Other
Other Casti ngs—Un
Castings —Unles lesss oth
otherw
erwise
ise spe
specifi
cified
ed by the
content is 0.20 %. In this case, the highest acceptable product analysis is 1.49 = purchaser, test coupons may be cast integrally with the castings
(1.40 + 0.09). or as separately in accordance with  Fig. 2   and and Table
 Table 2,2,  with
Fig. 3,
3,   or with   Fig. 4,
4,  except when Supplementary Require-
determined shall be reported to the purchaser, or his represen- mentt S26 is spe
men specifi
cified.
ed. The tes testt cou
coupon
pon in   Fig.
Fig. 4   shall
shall be
tative, and shall conform to the requirements in the individual employed only for austenitic alloy castings with cross sections
specification for the grade being poured.
-
-
` 
  ,
less than 21 ⁄ 2  in. [63.5 mm]. Tension test specimens shall be
  ,

5.3  Product Analysis—A product analysis may be made by

` 
` 
` 
  ,
  ,
  ,
prepared
prep ared in accor
accordanc
dancee with Test Methods and Defini Definition
tionss
  ,̀ 
  ,
` 

the pur
purcha
chaser
ser fro
fromm mat
materi
erial
al rep
repres
resent
enting
ing eac
each
h hea
heat,t, lot
lot,, or A 370.
370.
` 
` 
` 
-
` 

casting. The analysis shall be made on representative material.

-
` 
  ,
  ,
` 
  ,
7.6 If any specimen shows defective
defective machining or develops
Due to the possibility of decarburization, carbon and alloy steel
  ,
` 
  ,
` 
  ,
  ,
flaws, it may be discarded and another substituted from the
` 

samples for carbon analysis shall be taken no closer than   1 ⁄ 4   in.
-
-
-
same heat.
[6.4 mm] to a cast surface except that castings too thin for this 7.7 To determine
determine conformance withwith the tension test require-
shall be analanalyzed
yzed on reprrepresent
esentative
ative material.
material. The chemchemicalical ments, an observed value or calculated value shall be rounded
compos
com positi
ition
on thu
thuss det
determ
ermine
ined d sha
shall
ll mee
meett the reqrequir
uireme
ementsnts off in accordance with Practice   E 29  to the nearest 500 psi [5
specified in the applicable specification for the grade involved, MPa] for yield and tensile strength and to the nearest 1 % for
or shall be subject to rejection by the purchaser, except that the elongation and reduction of area.
chemical
chemi cal compo
compositi
sition
on dete
determin
rmined
ed for carbo
carbon
n and low-
low-alloy
alloy
stee
steell ca
caststin
ings
gs ma
mayy va
vary
ry fr
from
om ththee sp
spec
ecifi
ified
ed li
limi
mits
ts by th thee 8. Repa
Repair
ir by Welding
Welding
amounts shown in Table
in  Table 1.
1.  The product analysis tolerances of  8.1 Re
8.1 Repa
pair
ir by we
weld
ldin
ing
g sh
shal
alll be in ac
acco
cord
rdan
ance
ce wi
with
th th
thee
Table 1   are not app applic
licabl
ablee as acc
accept
eptanc
ancee cri
criter
teria
ia for heaheatt requirements of individual specification using procedures and
analysis by the casting manufacturer. welders qualified in accordance with Practice A 488/A 488M.
5.4   Unspecified Elements—When chemical analysis for el-
ements not specified for the grade ordered is desired, Supple- 6
Information on the relationship of mechanical properties determined on test
mentary Requirement S1 may be specified.
coupons obtained as specified in  7.1  and  7.4  with those obtained from the casting
5.4.1 Grade substitut
substitution
ion for stai
stainless
nless and nickel base allo
alloy
y may be found in   The Steel Castings Handbook   , Fifth Edition, Steel Founders’
castings is not permitted. Grade substitution occurs when the Society of America, 1980, pp. 15-35 through 15-43.

3
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No reproduction or networking permitted without license from I HS Not for Resale
 

A 703/A 703M – 07

-
-
` 
  ,
  ,
` 
` 
` 
  ,
  ,
  ,
  ,
` 
` 
` 
` 
-
` 
-
` 
  ,
  ,
` 
  ,
  ,
` 
  ,
` 
  ,
  ,
` 
-
-
-

Metric Equivalents
in. 0.005  
 ⁄ 
18
  0.252 0.375 0.385  
 ⁄ 16
9 16
  11 ⁄ 4   3
[mm] [0.15] [3] [6.40] [9.50] [9.75] [15] [30] [75]
FIG. 1 Design and Dimensions of the ICI Test Coupon

FIG. 2 Test Coupons for Castings (see  Table 2 for

2  for Details of Design)

9. Flang
Flanges
es examination. Other surface discontinuities shall meet the visual
9.1 Whe
When n a flan
flange
ge from a flanflanged
ged casting
casting is rem
remove
ovedd to acceptanc
acceptancee stan
standards
dards specified in the ordeorder.
r. Prac
Practice
tice A
 A 802/ 
make a weld end casting, discontinuities may be observed that A 802M   or otothe
herr vi
visu
sual
al st
stan
anda
dard
rdss ma
mayy be us used
ed to dedefin
finee
would
wou ld not hav
havee bee
been
n det
detrim
riment
ental
al in a flan
flanged
ged cas
castin
ting.
g. The acceptabl
acceptablee surf
surface
ace disc
discontin
ontinuiti
uities
es and finish
finish.. Unacc
Unacceptab
eptable
le
disposition of the casting shall be subject to agreement between visual
visual sur
surfac
facee dis
discon
contin
tinuit
uities
ies sha
shall
ll be rem
remove
ovedd and the
their
ir
the purchaser and manufacturer. removal verified by visual examination of the resultant cavi-

10. Qual
Quality
ity ties.
10.2 The castings
castings shall not be peene
peened,
d, plugged,
plugged, or impr
impreg-
eg-
10.1
10. 1 The surface
surface of the casting
casting shal
shalll be fre
freee of adhering
adhering
nated to stop leaks or disguise rejectable indications.
sand, sca
sand, scale,
le, cra
cracks
cks,, and hot tea
tears
rs as det
determ
ermine
inedd by vis
visual
ual

4
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A 703/A 703M – 07
TABLE
TABLE 2 Deta
Details
ils of Te
Test
st Coupon Design for Casting (See Fig.
(See  Fig. 2)
2)

NOTE   1—Test Coupons for Large and Heavy Steel Castings:  The test coupons in Fig.
in  Fig. 2 are
2  are to be used for large and heavy steel castings. However,
at the option of the foundry the cross-sectional area and length of the standard coupon may be increased as desired.
NOTE   2— Bend Specimen:  If a bend specimen is required, an alternate design (as shown by dotted lines in  Fig. 2) 2) is indicated.
Leg Design [125 mm] Riser Design
1.   L   (length) A 5 in. [125 mm] minimum length will be 1.   L   (len
(length
gth)) The len
lengt
gth
h of
of the
the ris
riser
er at the bas
base
e will
will be the sam
samee as
as the
the
used. This length may be increased at the option top length of the leg. The length of the riser at the top
of the foundry to accommodate additional test therefore depends on the amount of taper added to the
specimens (see Note
(see  Note 1)
1). riser.
2. End taper Use of and size of end taper is at the option of 2. Widt
Width
h The
Th e wi
widt
dth
h of th
the
e ri
rise
serr at th
the
e ba
base
se of a mu
mult
ltip
iple
le-l
-leg
eg co
coup
upon
on
1  5
the foundry..
foundry shall be n 
be  n , 2  ⁄ 4   [57 mm] −  ⁄ 8   [16 mm] where n 
where  n  equals
 equals
3. Height 1   1 ⁄ 4   in. [32 mm] the number of legs attached to the coupon. The width of
4. Width (at top) 1  ⁄ 4   in. [32 mm] (see  Note 1)
 1
1). the riser at the top is therefore dependent on the amount
5. Radius
Radius (at bottom)
bottom)   1
 ⁄ 2   in. [13 mm], max of taper added to the riser.
6. Sp aci
acin
ng be
bett we
ween leg
egs
s A  1 ⁄ 2-in. [13-mm] radius will be used between
the legs.
7. Locat
Location
ion of test
test specimens
specimens The tensile
tensile,, bend, and impact
impact specime
specimens
ns will be 3.   T   (riser
(riser taper)
taper) Use of and
and size is at the
the option
option of the
the foundry
foundry..
taken from the lower portion of the leg
(see Note
(see  Note 2)2). 4. Height The minimum height of the riser shall be 2 in. [51 mm].
The maximum height is at the option of the foundry for
8. Num
Numbe
berr of le
legs
gs The nu
The numb
mber
er of le
legs
gs at th
the
e op
opti
tion
on of th
the
e fo
foun
undr
dry
y pr
pro-
o- the following reasons: (1(1) Many risers are cast open,
viding they are equispaced in accordance with Item (2 ) different compositions may require variation in
6. risering for soundness, (3 
(3 ) different pouring
9.   R s    Radius from 0 to approximately  1 ⁄ 16
16  in. [2 mm].
temperatures may require variation in risering
for soundness.

Metric Equivalents
in. mm in. mm
 ⁄ 8
1
  3.2 3  ⁄ 2
1
  88.9
 ⁄ 2
1
  12.7 4 101.6
11 ⁄ 16
16   27.0 41 ⁄ 16
16   103.2
11 ⁄ 2   38.1 5 127.0
3 76.2 11 279.4

NOTE—Pour through head; cover molten head with powdered charcoal, coke dust, and so forth, immediately after pouring, in order to keep head fluid
as long as possible.
FIG. 3 Test Coupon for Tension Test

10.3 Inte
Internal
rnal chills
chills and chaplets
chaplets may be used in the manu- those listed for which test pressures are not specified by ANSI
facture of castings. However, the chills, chaplets, and affected B16.5,,   shall
B16.5 shall be tes
tested
ted at a prepressu
ssure
re agr
agreed
eed upo
upon
n bet
betwee
ween
n
cast material must be completely removed. manufacturer and the purchaser.
11.2 It is realized that the
the foundry may be unable to perform
perform
11. Hydrostatic Tests
Tests the hydrostatic test prior to shipment, or that the purchaser may
11.1
11.1 Eac
Each
h cas
castin
ting
g sha
shall
ll be tes
tested
ted after mac
machin
hining
ing to the wish to defer testing until additional work or machining has
hydrostatic shell test pressures prescribed in ANSI  B16.5   for been performed on the casting. Castings ordered in the rough
the applicable steel rating for which the casting is designed. state
state for final mac
machin
hining
ing by the pur
purcha
chaser
ser may be testested
ted
Castin
Cas ting
g sha
shall
ll sho
show
w no lea
leaks.
ks. Cas
Castin
tings
gs ord
ordere
ered
d for wor
workin
kingg hydros
hyd rostat
tatica
ically
lly pri
prior
or to shi
shipme
pment
nt by the man
manufa
ufactu
cturer
rer at
pressures
press ures other than thos
thosee in the stan
standard
dard ANSI ratings,
ratings, or pressures to be agreed upon with the purchaser. However, the
--`,,```,,,,````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---

5
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A 703/A 703M – 07

FIG. 4 Cast-To-Shape Test Coupon for Tension Test Specimen

foundry is responsible for the satisfactory performance of the consist of the full number of specimens taken from locations

castings under the final test required in 10.1

in  10.1.. complying with the specification or order.
12. Workm
Workmanship,
anship, Finish, and Appearance
Appearance 14. Inspe
Inspectio
ction
n
12.1 All castings
castings shall be made in a workm
workmanli
anlike
ke manner 14.1 The manufacturer shall shall afford
afford the purchaser’s inspector
inspector
and shall conform to the dimensions on drawings furnished by all reasonable facilities necessary to satisfy that the material is
the purchaser. When the pattern is supplied by the purchaser, being produced and furnished in accordance with the appli-
the dimensio
dimensions
ns of the casting
casting sha
shall
ll be as pre
predic
dicate
ated
d by the cable specification. Foundry inspection by the purchaser shall
pattern unless otherwise agreed upon. not interfere unnecessarily with the manufacturer’s operations.
12.2
12. 2 Mac
Machin
hined
ed wel
weldin
ding
g end
endss sha
shall
ll be sui
suitab
tably
ly pro
protec
tected
ted Alll te
Al test
stss an
andd in
insp
spec
ecti
tion
ons,
s, wi
with
th th
thee ex
exce
cept
ptio
ion
n of prprod
oduc
uctt
against damage during shipping. analysis (5.2
(5.2),
), shall be made at the place of manufacture unless
otherwise agreed.
13. Rete
Retests
sts
13.1 If the results
results of the mechanical
mechanical tests
tests for any heat, lot, 15. Reje
Rejection
ction and Rehearing
Rehearing
or casting do not conform to the requirements specified, retests 15.1 Any rejection based on test reports
reports shall be reported
reported to
are per
permit
mitted
ted as out
outlin
lined
ed in Test Met
Method
hodss and Defi
Definit
nition
ionss the manufacturer within 30 days from the receipt of the test
A 370.
370.  At the manufacturer’s option, castings may be reheat- reports by the purchaser.
treated
treated and rete
retested.
sted. When cast
castings
ings are rehe
reheat-t
at-treat
reated,
ed, they 15.2 Material
Material that shows unac
unaccepta
ceptable
ble disc
disconti
ontinuiti
nuities
es as
may not be reaustenitized more than three times without the determined by the acceptance standards specified in the order
approval of the purchaser. Testing after reheat treatment shall subsequent to its acceptance at the manufacturer’s works will
--`,,```,,,,````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---

6
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A 703/A 703M – 07
be rejected, and the manufacturer shall be notified within 30 signature,, the orga
signature organizat
nization
ion submi
submittin
ttingg the certi
certificati
fication
on is re-
days after discovery of the rejectable condition. sponsible for its content.
15.3 Samp
Samples
les that repr
represent
esent rejected
rejected material
material shal
shalll be pre- 16.4 A manufacturer
manufacturer’s
’s certification
certification printed
printed from or used in
served for two weeks from the date of transmission of the test electr
electroni
onicc for
form
m fro
from
m an ele
electr
ctroni
onicc dat
dataa int
interc
erchan
hange
ge (ED
(EDI)
I)
report. In case of dissatisfaction with the results of the tests, the transmission shall be regarded as having the same validity as a
manufacturer may make claim for a rehearing within that time. counterpart printed in the certifier’s facility provided it con-
forms to any existing EDI agreement between the purchaser
16. Certification and the supplier.
16.1 The manufacturer
manufacturer’s ’s cert
certificat
ification
ion shall be furnished
furnished to 17. Prod
Product
uct Marking
Marking
the pur
purcha
chaser
ser sta
statin
ting
g tha
thatt the mat
materi
erial
al was man
manufa
ufactu
ctured
red,, 17.1 Castings shall be mark markeded for mate
material
rial identificati
identification
on
sampled, tested, and inspected in accordance with the material with the grade symbols (WCB, WC9, CF8M, and so forth). In
specification (including year of issue) and was found to meet addition, heat numbers, or serial numbers that are traceable to
the requirements. heatt num
hea number
bers,
s, sha
shall
ll be mar
marked
ked on all pre
pressu
ssure-
re-con
contai
tainin
ningg
16.2 As applicable,
applicable, the cert
certificat
ification
ion shall also include: cast
castin
ings
gs in
indi
divi
vidu
dual
ally
ly we
weig
ighi
hing
ng 50 lb [2 [22.
2.7
7 kg
kg]] or mo
morere..
16.2.1 Mate
Material
rial specificatio
specification n and grade, Pressure-containing castings weighing less than 50 lb [22.7 kg]
16.2.2 Pattern number,
number, shall be marked with either the heat number or a lot number
16.2.3
16. 2.3 Hea
Heatt num
number
ber or serserial
ial number
number tratracea
ceable
ble to a hea
heatt that will identify the casting as to the month in which it was
number, poured. Marking shall be in such position as not to injure the
16.2.4 Chem
Chemical
ical analysis
analysis of the heat, usefulness of the casting.
16.2.5 Mech
Mechanica
anicall prope
property
rty results required
required by the specifi- 17.2 On castcastings
ings for which impact property
property requi
requireme
rements
nts
cation and supplementary requirements specified in the pur- are specified, stamped markings using low-stress stamps shall
chase order, be on a raised pad when such pad can be made a part of the
castings.
16.2.6 Statement of satisfactory
satisfactory inspection,
inspection, visual, and non-
non-
17.3
17. 3 Cas
Castin
tings
gs sha
shall
ll be mar
marked
ked wit
with
h the man
manufa
ufactu
cturer
rer’s
’s
destructive testing specified in the purchase order, identifica
iden tification
tion or symb
symbolol excep
exceptt when other provisions
provisions have
16.2.7 Manu
Manufactu
facturer’
rer’ss name
name,, and
been made between the manufacturer and purchaser.
16.2.8 Additional purchase order
order requirements.
requirements.
16.3 A signature
signature is not requ
required
ired on the cert
certificat
ification.
ion. How- 18. Keyw
Keywords
ords
ever,
ever, the doc
docume
ument
nt sha
shall
ll cle
clearl
arlyy ide
identi
ntify
fy the or
organ
ganiza
izatio
tion
n 18.1 cast
castings;
ings; gener
general
al requ
requirem
irements;
ents; press
pressure
ure conta
containing
ining;;
-

submitting the certification. Notwithstanding the absence of a steel

-
` 
  ,
  ,
` 
` 
` 
  ,
  ,
  ,
  ,
` 
` 
` 
` 
-
` 
-
` 
  ,
  ,
` 
  ,
  ,
` 
  ,
` 
SUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTS
  ,
  ,
` 
-
-
-

The following standardized supplementary requirements are for use when desired by the purchaser
and when allowed by and listed in the individual specifications. They shall not apply unless specified
in the order, in which event the specified tests shall be made by the manufacturer before shipment of 
the castings.

S1. Unspecified Elements 370, and shall be machined to 1 by   1 ⁄ 2-in. [25 by 13-mm]
A 370,
S1.1 Limi
Limits
ts may be established
established for elements
elements not specified
specified section with corners rounded to a radius not over   1 ⁄ 1616   in. [1.6

for the grade ordered by agreement between the manufacturer mm].

and purchaser. The results of the analysis for the agreed-upon S3.2 The spec
specimen
imen shall withstand being bent long longitudi
itudi--
elements shall be reported. nally at room temperature through an angle of 90° about a pin,
the diameter
diameter of whi which
ch sha
shall
ll be the specime
specimen n thi
thickn
ckness
ess for
S2. Destruction Tests carbon steels, and 1 in. [25 mm] for other steels. The specimen
S2.1 Purchaser may select representative castings from each shall show no cracks on the outside of the bent portion of the
heat, and cut up and etch, or otherwise prepare, the sections for specimen.
examination for internal defects. Should injurious defects be S3.3
S3. 3 Ben
Bendd tes
testt spe
specim
cimens
ens may be cut fro from
m hea
heat-t
t-trea
reated
ted
found that evidence unsound steel or faulty foundry technique, casti
castings
ngs ins
instea
tead
d of fro
from
m tes
testt spe
specim
cimens
ens whe
when n agr
agreed
eed upo uponn
all the castings made from that particular pattern, heat, and heat between manufacturer and purchaser.
treatment
treat ment charge may be reje
rejected
cted.. All the reje
rejected
cted castings,
castings, S3.4
S3. 4 If any tes
testt spe
specim
cimen
en sho
shows
ws def
defect
ective
ive mac
machin
hining
ing or
including those cut up, shall be replaced by the manufacturer develo
dev elops
ps flaw
flaws,
s, it may be dis discar
carded
ded and ano
anothe
therr spe
specim
cimenen
without charge. substituted from the same heat.

S3. Bend Test S4. Magnetic Particle Inspection

S3.1 One bend test shall be made from a test coupon from S4.1 Casti
S4.1 Castings
ngs sha
shall
ll be exa
exami
mined
ned for sur
surfac
facee and nea
near-
r-
each heat in accor
accordance
dance with Test Methods and Defini
Definitions
tions surface
surface disc
discontin
ontinuiti
uities
es by magnetic
magnetic part
particle
icle inspe
inspectio
ction.
n. The

7
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A 703/A 703M – 07
exami
examinati
nation
on shal
shalll be in accor
accordance
dance with Guide   E 709,
709,   and prepared as Type
Type A and tested in accordance with Test
Test Methods
types and degrees of discontinuities considered shall be judged and Definitions A
Definitions  A 370.
370.
by Reference Photographs E
Photographs  E 125.
125. Extent of examination, time S8.2   Absorbed
Absorbed Ener gy—A
Energy —Aververage
age ene
energ
rgy
y val
value
ue of thr
three
ee
of examination, and basis for acceptance shall be agreed upon specimens shall be not less than specified, with not more than
between the manufacturer and purchaser.
purchaser. A specification which
which one value permitted to fall below the minimum specified, and
may be used as a basis for such agreement is  MSS SP 53. 53. no value permitted below the minimum specified for a single
S4.2 Pers
Personnel
onnel performing
performing the exami
examinati
nation
on shall be quali
quali-- specimen.
fied in accordance with an acceptable written practice. S8.3   Lateral Expansion—Lateral expansion value shall be
agreed upon by the manufacturer and purchaser.
S5. Radiographic Inspection S8.4   Perc
Percent
ent She
Shear
ar Area—P
Area—Pererce
cent
nt sh
shea
earr ar
area
ea sh
shal
alll be
S5.1
S5.1 Cas
Castin
tings
gs sha
shall
ll be exa
examin
mined
ed for int
intern
ernal
al def
defect
ectss by agreed upon by the manufacturer and purchaser.
means of X-rays or gamma rays. The procedure shall be in
S9. Drop Weight Tests
accordance with Guide E
Guide  E 94
94,, and types and degrees of discon-
tinuities considered shall be judged by Reference Radiographs S9.1 Drop weight test properties
properties shall be dete
determin
rmined
ed from
E 446,
446,  E 186,
186, or  E 280.
280.   Extent of examination and basis for each heat by preparing and testing either Type P1, P2, or P3
acceptance shall be agreed upon between the manufacturer and specimens in accordance with Test Method  E 208.208.  The crack 
purchaser. A specification that may be used as a basis for such starter weld shall be deposited on the surface of the specimen
agreement is MSS
is  MSS SP 54.54. that was nearest to the casting surface. Each test shall consist
S5.2
S5.2 Rad
Radiog
iograp
raphic
hic exa
exami
minat
nation
ion of cas
castin
tings
gs ma
may
y be perper-- of at least two specimens tested at a temperature agreed upon
formed before or after any heat treatment. by the man
manufa
ufactu
cturer
rer and pur
purcha
chaser
ser.. Eac
Each
h spe
specim
cimen
en sha
shall
ll
S5.3 Pers
Personnel
onnel performing
performing the exami
examinati
nation
on shall be quali
quali-- exhibit “no break” performance.
fied in accordance with an acceptable written practice.
S10. Examination of Weld Preparation
S6. Liquid Penetrant Inspection S10.1 Magn
Magnetic
etic particle
particle or liqu
liquid
id penet
penetrant
rant examinatio
examinationn of 
caviti
cav ities
es pre
prepar
pared
ed for wel
weldin
ding
g sha
shall
ll be per
perfor
formed
med to ver
verify
ify
S6.1 Castings shall be examined for surface
surface discontinuities removal
remo val of thos
thosee disco
discontin
ntinuiti
uities
es found unacceptable
unacceptable by the
by means of liquid penetrant inspection. The examination shall
inspecti
insp ection
on meth
method
od spec
specified
ified for the casting. The meth
methodod of 
be in acaccocord
rdan
ance
ce wi
with
th Tes
estt Me
Meth
thod
od   E 165.
165.   Area
Areass to be
performing magnetic particle or liquid penetrant examination
inspec
inspected
ted,, tim
timee of ins
inspec
pectio
tion,
n, me
metho
thods
ds and typtypes
es of liq
liquid
uid
shall be in accordance with Guide E
Guide  E 709 or
709 or Test Method E
Method  E 165.
165.
penetr
pen etrant
antss to be use
used,
d, dev
develo
elopin
ping
g pro
proced
cedure
ure,, and bas
basis
is for
Unless other degrees of shrinkage or types of discontinuities
acceptance shall be agreed upon between the manufacturer and
found in the cavities are specified, Type II, Internal Shrinkage,
purchaser. A specification that may be used as a basis for such
of Reference Photographs E
Photographs  E 125,
125,  of Degree 2 in sections up to
agreement is Specification A
Specification  A 903/A 903M.
903M.
2 in. [50 mm] thick and of Degree 3 in sections over 2 in. [50
S6.2 Pers
Personnel
onnel performing
performing the exami
examinati
nation
on shall be quali
quali--
mm] thick shall be acceptable.
fied in accordance with an acceptable written practice.
S12. Prior Approval of Major Weld Repairs
S7. Ultrasonic Inspection
S12.
S12.1
1 Ma
Majojorr we
weld
ld re
repa
pair
irss sh
shal
alll be su
subj
bjec
ectt to th
thee pr
prio
iorr
S7.1 Cas
S7.1 Castin
tings
gs sha
shall
ll be exa
examin
mineded for int
intern
ernal
al def
defect
ectss by approval of the purchaser.
means of ultrasonic inspection. The inspection procedure shall
be in acc
accord
ordanc
ancee wit
withh Pra
Practi
ctice
ce  A 609/A 609M.
609M.   Extent
Extent of  S13. Hardness Test
examination, methods of testing, and basis for acceptance shall S13.1 A hardn
hardness
ess test shall be made in accordance
accordance with Test
Test
be agree
agreedd upon between the manuf
manufactur
acturer
er and purch
purchaser
aser.. A Methods and Defini
Methods Definition
tionss  A 370.
370.   The test loc
locati
ation
on and the
practice that may be used as a basis for such agreement is hardne
hardness
ss req
requir
uireme
ements
nts sha
shall
ll be agr
agreed
eed upo
uponn bet
betwee
weenn the
Practice A
Practice  A 609/A 609M.
609M. manufacturer and the purchaser.
S7.2 Ultrasonic examination
examination of castings shall be performed
performed
after at least one heat treatment above the critical temperature S14. Tension Test from Each Heat and Heat Treatment
range but need not be repeated after subsequent heat treatment. Charge
S7.3 Pers
Personnel
onnel performing
performing the exami
examinati
nation
on shall be quali
quali-- S14.1 One tension
tension test shall be made for each heat and heat
fied in accordance with an acceptable written practice. treatment charge.

S8. Charpy Impact Test S15. Quench and Temper Heat Treatment
S8.1 Charp
Charpy y impact test properties
properties shall be deter
determine
minedd on S15.1 The castings
castings shall be quenc
quenched
hed and temp
tempered
ered.. Cast
Cast--
each heat from a set of three charpy V-notch specimens made ings so treated shall be marked QT.
from
from a tes
testt cou
coupon
pon in acc
accord
ordanc
ancee wit
with
h Test Methods
Methods and
Definitions A
Definitions  A 370,
370, and tested at a test temperature agreed upon S17. Tension Test from Castings

by the manuf
manufactur
acturer
er and purch
purchaser
aser.. The accep
acceptanc
tancee requ
require-
ire- S17.1 In addition
addition to the tensile
tensile test requ
required
ired in Section 
Section   6,
ments shall be either energy absorbed, lateral expansion, or test mat
test materi
erial
al sha
shall
ll be cut fro
from
m hea
heat-t
t-trea
reated
ted cas
castin
tings.
gs. The
percent shear area, or all three, and shall be that agreed upon by mechanical properties and location for the test material shall be
the man
manufa
ufactu
cturer
rer and pur purcha
chaser
ser.. Test spe
specim
cimens
ens sha
shall
ll be agreed upon by the manufacturer and purchaser.
--`,,```,,,,````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---

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A 703/A 703M – 07
S18. Tension Test for Castings Each Weighing 10 000 lb (Note S23.1). Cross sections, from a separately cast test block 
[4500 kg] or More from the same heat and of a thickness representative of the
S18.1 Two tensile tests
tests shall be made for each casting.
casting. The heaviest section of castings purchased under this supplemen-
test specimens shall be prepared in accordance with Section 6
Section  6.. tary requirement, may also be used for macroetch testing. The
The location of the test specimens shall be agreed upon by the etching shall be performed on the selected section after its heat
manufacturer and purchaser. treatment, that is, after annealing, normalizing, or quenching
and tempering following the initial cooling of the steel below
S20. Weld Repair Charts the transformation range.
NOTE  S23.1—High-strength martensitic castings, in particu-
S20.1 Unl
S20.1 Unless
ess oth
other
er cri
criter
teria
ia are agr
agreed
eed upo
uponn bet
betwee
ween n the
manufacturer and the purchaser, weld repairs made to correct lar, may be damaged beyond use if the etch is applied directly
to the casting.
leakage on hydrostatic testing; or weld repairs for which the
S23.3 The preparation
preparation of the surfa
surface
ce and the macroetchi
macroetchingng
depth of the cavity required for welding exceeds 20 % of the
procedure with solution No. 1 (1:1 HCl) of Table 5 in Test
actual wall thickness or 1 in. [25 mm], whichever is smaller; or
Method E
Method  E 340 shall
340  shall be followed. The resulting etched surface
weld
wel d rep
repair
airss for which
which the area of the cavity
cavity req
requir
uired
ed for
shall be compared and rated with the reference photographs in
welding
weldi ng excee
exceedsds appro
approxima tely 10 in.2 [6
ximately 5 mm2] sh
[65 shal
alll be
Fig.. S23
Fig S23.1
.1   depicti
depicting
ng 10 level
levelss of seve
severity
rity of inter
intergran
granular
ular
documented.
network
netwo rk stru
structure
cturess indic
indicative
ative of the prese
presence
nce of alum
aluminum
inum
S20.2 Weld repairs requiring documentation
documentation shall be docu-
nitride, or other constituents prone toward precipitating at grain
mented on sketches or photographs, or both. The sketches or
boundaries during solidification and subsequent cooling. Table
cooling.  Table
photographs shall show the location and major dimensions of 
S23.1  relates the severity levels shown in these photographs
cavities prepared for weld repair. The weld repair documenta-
with
wit h spe
specifi
cificc del
deline
ineati
ation
on wid
widths
ths and per
percen
centt of bou
bounda
ndary
ry
tion shall be submitted to the purchaser at the completion of the
outlining in the etched structures.
order.
S23.4 Castings represented
represented by etched structures
structures exhibiting a
S21. Heat Treatment Furnace Record network rating in excess of Severity Level 4 shall be consid-

S21.1 A heat treatment

treatment chart showing time and temperature ered
accept
acc unacceptable
eptabi
abilit
lity
y of ind until
indivi further
ividua
duall casevaluations
castings may are
tings be completed.
determ
determine
ineddThe
by
shalll be pr
shal prep
epar
ared
ed anand
d be av
avai
aila
labl
blee fo
forr in
insp
spec
ecti
tion
on by th
thee
etchin
etc hing
g sec
sectio
tions
ns of eac eachh cas
castin
ting
g to ascascert
ertain
ain the net
networ
work 
k 
purchaser.
severity level. Disposition of unacceptable castings shall be a
matter of agreement between the manufacturer and purchaser.
S22. Heat Treatment
Those castings exhibiting etched severity levels greater than
S22.1 Test specimens shall be heat
heat treated together with
with the four may be further evaluated by any of the following agreed
castings they represent. Heat-treated specimens shall be tested upon methods:
and shall meet the tensile and impact properties specified. S23.4.1
S23.4 .1 Fract
Fracture
ure testing to detedetermin
rminee the amount of “rock 
S22.2 The rema
remaining
ining test speci
specimens
mens from SupplSupplemen
ementary
tary candy” structure.
Requireme
Requi rement nt S22.1 representing
representing the cast
casting
ing shall be treat
treated
ed S23.4.2
S23.4 .2 Mech
Mechanica
anicall testing (bend, tensile,
tensile, and so forth) to
thermally after the final (foundry) heat treatment to simulate determine the ductility characteristics.
heat treatments below the critical temperature that the casting S23.4.3 Weld testing to determine crack susceptibility
susceptibility in the
may receive during fabrication, and then tested for mechanical heat-affected zone of a circular groove welded with cellulose
proper
pro pertie
ties.
s. Ti
Time,
me, tem
temper
peratu
ature,
re, and coo
coolin
ling
g rat
ratee sha
shall
ll be as coated electrodes.
stated in the order. In the case of postweld heat-treatment, the S23.5
S23 .5 Alterna
Alternativtively
ely,, by agr
agreem
eement
ent,, it is per
permis
missib
sible
le to
total time at temperature or temperatures for the test material subject castings from an unacceptable heat to a high tempera-
shal
shalll be at le
leas
astt 80 % of th thee to
tota
tall ti
time
me at te temp
mper
erat
atur
uree or ture solution
solution trea
treatmen
tmentt prior to the normal produ productio
ction
n heat
temperatu
temp eratures
res durin
duringg actua
actuall postw
postweldeld heat
heat-tre
-treatme
atment
nt of the treatment and subsequently macroetch test each casting.
fabrication of which the casting or castings are a part. The total S23.6 Heavy section
section cast
castings
ings (3) whose configurati
configurations
ons are
time at temperature or temperatures for the test material may be amenable to the attachment of test coupons representative of 
performed
perfo rmed in a singl
singlee cycle
cycle.. When this SupplSupplement
ementary
ary Re- the section thickness involved and from which standard 0.505-
quirement
quire ment is spec
specified,
ified, the weldi
weldingng quali
qualificati
fication
on test metal in. [12.827-mm] diameter tension specimens may be machined
must be processed in the same manner. are exempt from this macroetch test if the results of the tension
test on the coupon after heat treatment of the casting meet the
S23. Macroetch Test
minim
mi nimum
um reqrequir
uireme
ementsnts spe
specifi
cified
ed for the gragrade
de of ste
steel
el in-
S23.1 Apply Supplement
Supplementary
ary Requirement
Requirement S1 for the spec- volved.
trographic determinatio
trographic determination
n and repor
reporting
ting of the tota
totall resi
residual
dual
NOTE  S23.2—For purposes of this supplementary requirement, a heavy
aluminum content of all heats of ferritic and martensitic steels
section casting is defined as one having a wall thickness of 1 1 ⁄ 2   in. [37
subjected to this macroetch test. mm] or greater in combination with a casting weight of at least 1000 lb
S23.2
S23.2 Whe
When n the hea
heatt ana
analys
lysis
is ind
indica
icates
tes a tot
total
al res
residu
idual
al [455 kg].
aluminum content in excess of 0.08 %, the manufacturer shall S24. Specified Ferrite Content Range
etch a cross section of the casting with the heaviest section for
which this supplementary requirement is invoked, or a coupon S24.1 The chemical
chemical composition
composition of the heat shall be con-
attached to that heaviest section or an area directly under a riser trolle
trolled
d suc
such
h tha
thatt the fer
ferri
rite
te con
conten
tent,
t, as det
determ
ermine
ined
d by the

--`,,```,,,,````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---

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A 703/A 703M – 07

-
-
` 
  ,
  ,
` 
` 
` 
  ,
  ,
  ,
  ,
` 
` 
` 
` 
-
` 
-
` 
  ,
  ,
` 
  ,
  ,
` 
  ,
` 
  ,
  ,
` 
-
-
-

NOTE  1—The 10 levels of severity of intergranular network structures shown are indicative of the presence of aluminum nitride precipitation in the
primary austeni
primary austenitic
tic grain boundar
boundaries.
ies.
FIG. S23.1 Reference Photographs of Macroetched Cast Steel

TABLE
TABLE S23.1 Descriptive Data Applicable
Applicable to Network Structures S24.3 Shoul
Shouldd the purch
purchaser
aser wish to have the ferrite
ferrite content
Shown in Fig.
in  Fig. S23.1 determin
determined
ed by eith
either
er magn
magnetic
etic respo
response
nse or meta
metallog
llographi
raphicc
NOTE—These ratings are based on the physical width and continuity of  methods, the purchaser should impose Supplementary Require-
the pre
precip
cipitat
itatee pat
patter
tern
n dev
develo
eloped
ped by the acid etc
etchant
hant on the pri
primar
maryy ment S1 or S2 of Practice A
Practice  A 800/A 800M.
800M.
austenitic
austenitic grain boundar
boundaries
ies of the cast steel. Supplementary
Supplementary testing is
normally conducted to determine the final disposition of castings with S25. Heat Treatment Certification
ratings of 5 or greater.
S25.1 Heat treatment
treatment temperature
temperature and cycl
cyclee time
timess shal
shalll be
Rating Delineation Width, in. Boundary Outline, %
shown on the certification report.
1 Fine–0.001 20
2 Fine–0.001 40 S26. Alternate Tension Test Coupons and Specimen
3 Fine–0.001 60 Locations for Castings
4 Fine–0.002 80
5 Fine–0.002 100 S26.1 TeTest
st coupons may be cast integrally with the castings
castings
6 Medium–0.005 100 or separ
separatel
ately
y. Sepa
Separatel
ratelyy cast coupons shall be heat treated
7 Heavy–0.010 100
8 0.020 100 together with the castings they represent.
9  
 ⁄ 32
1
32   100 S26.2 The casting
casting thickness,
thickness, T , is the maximum thickness of 
10  
 ⁄ 16
1
16   100 the pressure containing wall of the casting exclusive of padding
added for directional solidification, flanges, appendages, and
sections designated by the designer as noncritical. The order,
inquiry, and drawing shall designate what the test dimension,
chemical
chemi cal compo
compositi
sition
on proc
procedure
edure of Pract
Practice
ice A
 A 800/A 800M,
800M, T , is for the casting.
shall be in accordance with the specified ferrite content range. S26.3 One of the foll
following
owing shall
shall apply:
S24.2 The specified
specified ferrite
ferrite content range shall be as agree
agreed
d S26.3.1
S26.3 .1 The longi
longitudi
tudinal
nal cent
centerli
erlinene of the test speci
specimen
men
upon between the manufacturer and the purchaser. The mini-  1
shall be taken at least  ⁄ 4 T  from
 from the  T  dimension
 dimension surface and all
mum spe
specifi
cified
ed fer
ferrit
ritee con
conten
tentt ran
range
ge sha
shall
ll be 10 % wit
with
h the of th
thee ga
gage
ge le
leng
ngth
th mu
must
st be at le leas
astt 1T   from
from any othother
er
minim
min imum
um fer
ferrit
ritee con
contententt bei
being
ng no low
lower
er tha
than
n the per
percen
centt heat-tre
heat-treated
ated surf
surface,
ace, exclu
exclusive
sive of the surfa
surface
ce oppos
opposite
ite the   T 
necess
necessary
ary to ach
achiev
ievee the min minimu
imum
m mec
mechan
hanica
icall pro
proper
pertie
tiess dimension surface. (See Fig.
(See  Fig. S26.1  (a).) For cylindrical cast-
required for the alloy. ings, the longitudinal centerline of the specimens shall be taken

10
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A 703/A 703M – 07

FIG. S26.1 Specimen from Casting

--`,,```,,,,````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---

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A 703/A 703M – 07
-
-
` 
  ,
  ,
` 
` 
` 
  ,
  ,
  ,
  ,
` 
` 
` 
` 
-
` 
-
` 
  ,
  ,
` 
  ,
  ,
` 
  ,
` 
  ,
  ,
` 
-
-
-

NOTE—Longitudinal axis and gage length of test specimen must be within cross-hatched zone.
FIG. S26.2 Separately Cast Block 

at least   1 ⁄ 4 T  from
 from the outside or inside and all of the gage length S26.3.5
S26.3 .5 Wher
Wheree specimens
specimens are to be remov removed
ed from the body
must be at least  T  from from the as-heat-treated end. (See  Fig. S26.1 of quenched and tempered castings, either the requirements of 
(b).) S26.3.1 shall be met or a steel thermal buffer pad or thermal
S26.3.2
S26.3. 2 For ferritic and mart
martensi
ensitic
tic castings,
castings, part
partial
ial sever- insulation or other thermal barriers shall be used during heat
ing of test coupons prior to final heat treatment is permitted. treatment. Steel thermal buffer pads shall be a minimum of   T 
S26.3.3
S26.3. 3 Wher
Wheree separ
separatel
ately
y cast test coupons are used, the by  T  by 3T  in
 in length and shall be joined to the casting surface
dimens
dim ension
ion shall not be les lesss tha
than
n 3T   by 3T   by   T   and eac
each
h by a partial penetration weld completely sealing the buffered
specimen shall meet the requirements of S26.3.1, except that surface. Test specimens shall be removed from the casting in a
when  T  exceeds 5 in. [125 mm], the dimension may be 15 by location adjacent to the center third of the buffer pad. They
15 by 5 in. [375 by 375 by 125 mm], by agreement between the shall be located at a minimum distance of   1 ⁄ 2  in. [13 mm] from
manufacturer and the purchaser. The test coupon shall be of the the buffered surface and   1 ⁄ 4   T  from
  from other heat-treated surfaces

same hea
same heatt of ste
steel
el and sha
shall
ll rec
receiv
eivee sub
substa
stanti
ntiall
ally
y the sam
samee (see  Fig.adjacent
applied S26.4).toWhen
S26.4). thermal
the casting insulation
surface whereis used,
the it shall be
test specimens
casting practices as the production casting it represents. Cen-
trifugal castings may be represented by statically cast coupons. are to be removed. The producer shall demonstrate that the
(See Fig.
(See  Fig. S26.2.
S26.2.) cooling rate of the test specimen location is no faster than that
of specimens taken by the method described in S26.3.1
S26.3.4
S26.3. 4 When agreed upon between the manufacturer
manufacturer and
the purchaser, castings that are cast or machined to essentially S27. Hot Isostatic Pressing (HIPing)
the finished configuration prior to heat treatment shall have test S27.1 Castings shall be processed by Hot Isostatic
Isostatic Pressing
specimens removed from a prolongation or other stock on the (HIPing). The processing parameters for the HIPing process
casting
casti ng at a locat
location
ion belo
beloww the nearnearest
est heat-treated
heat-treated surface may be subject to an agreement between the manufacturer and
indica
ind icated
ted on the order.
order. The specimen
specimen location
location shall be at a purchaser.
distance below the nearest heat-treated surface equivalent to at
least the greatest distance that the indicated high-tensile-stress S28. Cleaning of Stainless Steels
surfac
sur facee wil
willl be fro
fromm the nea
neares
restt hea
heat-t
t-trea
reated
ted sur
surfac
facee and a S28.1 Final cleaning
cleaning of the casting
casting surf
surfaces
aces shall be per
per--
minimum
mini mum of twictwicee this distance
distance from a secon secondd heat-
heat-treat
treated
ed formed in acc
formed accord
ordanc
ancee wit
with
h one of the cleaning
cleaning methods
methods in
surface, except that the test specimens shall be no nearer than Practice A
Practice A 380 or
380  or Specification A
Specification  A 967 as
967  as agreed upon between
3 1

 ⁄ 4  in. [19 mm] to a heat-treated surface and 1  ⁄ 2  in. [38 mm] the purchaser and supplier. Acceptance testing shall be subject
from a second heat-treated surface. (See Fig.
(See  Fig. S26.3.
S26.3.) to agreement between the purchaser and supplier.

12
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A 703/A 703M – 07

NOTE—Longitudinal axis and gage length of test specimen must be within cross-hatched zone.
FIG. S26.3 Prolongation Test Specimen

    -
    -
    -
        `
  ,
  ,
        `
  ,
        `
  ,
  ,
        `
  ,
  ,
        `
    -
        `
    -
        `
        `
        `
        `
  ,
  ,
  ,
  ,
        `
        `
        `
  ,
  ,
        `
    -
    -

NOTE—Longitudinal axis and gage length of test specimen must be within cross-hatched zone.
FIG. S26.4 Thermal Buffer Pads

13
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A 703/A 703M – 07

NOTE—The approximate areas of microstructures to be expected at room temperature are indicated as follows:
I—Martensite
II—Martensite and untransformed austenite
III—Ferrite
III—F errite plus marte
martensite
nsite and untrans
untransforme
formed
d austeni
austenite
te
IV—Ferrite
V—Ferrite
V—Fer rite plus austenit
austenitee
VI—Ferrite plus austenite plus sigma
VII—Austenite
Carbides also may be present depending on carbon content and thermal history.
FIG. X1.1 Letters Assigned to Chromium and Nickel Ranges in ACI Designation System

    -
    -
    -
        `
  ,
  ,

APPENDIXES         `
  ,
        `
  ,
  ,
        `
  ,
  ,
        `
    -
        `
    -

(Nonmandatory Information)
        `
        `
        `
        `
  ,
  ,
  ,
  ,
        `
        `
        `
  ,
  ,

X1. ALLOY DESIG

DESIGNA
NATIONS
TIONS FOR CAST ST
STAINLES
AINLESS
S STEELS         `
    -
    -

X1.1 Cast stainles

stainlesss steels are
are usually
usually specified
specified on the basis X1.2.2   Ternary Diagram Location Letter —The —The second let-
of composition using the alloy designation system established ter in
ter indi
dica
cate
tess th
thee ap
appr
prox
oxim
imat
atee loloca
cati
tion
on of th thee ni
nick
ckel
el an
andd
by the Alloy Casting Institute (ACI). The ACI designations,
designations, for chromium contents of the alloy grade on the FeCrNi ternary
example, CF8M, have been adopted by ASTM and are pre- diagram shown in Fig.
in  Fig. X1.1.
X1.1.
ferr
ferred
ed fo
forr ca
cast
st al
allo
loys
ys ov over
er th
thee de
desi
sign
gnat
atio
ions
ns us
used
ed by th thee X1.2.3   Carbon Content Number —For —For C service classifica-
American Iron and Steel Institute for similar wrought steels. tions, this single or dual digit numeral represents the maximum
carbon content in units of 0.01 %. For H service classifications,
X1.2 This nomencla
nomenclature
ture system
system has served successful
successfully
ly to this number represent
representss the midpoint
midpoint of the range of carb carbon
on
content in terms of 0.01 % with a 60.05 % limi limit.
t.
accommodate changes in old alloys and to designate new ones.
X1.2.4   Special Elements Letter —Additional
—Additional letters follow-
ing the nume
numeralral represent
represent speci
special al chem
chemical
ical elements
elements in the
alloy grade, such as M for molybdenum, C for columbium, Cu
for copper, W for tungsten. There are two exceptions; the letter
A ind
indica
icates
tes “Co
“Contr
ntroll
olled
ed Fer
Ferri
rite,
te,”” and the let
letter
ter F ind
indica
icates
tes
“Free Machining.”

X1.2.1   Service Classification Letter —The

—The first letter of the X1.3
X1.3 In   Fig. X1.1,
X1.1,  unlettered NiCr ranges are associated
cast stainless steel designation system identifies the intended with the nearest lettered location. They may be the result of 
servic
servicee app
appli
licat
catio
ionn of ththee all
alloy
oy.. The lelette
tterr C ind
indica
icates
tes differences between corrosion and heat-resistant types or be-
corros
cor rosion
ion-re
-resis
sistan
tantt ser
servic
vice,
e, and the letletter
ter H indindica
icates
tes the cause of the influence of additional elements: for example, the
heat-resistant service at and above 1200°F [649°C]. precipitation hardening grade CB-7Cu.

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A 703/A 703M – 07

-
-
` 

X2. ADDITION OF NEW GRADES TO PRODUCT SPECIFICATIONS COVERED BY SPECIFICATION

SPECIFICATION A 703/A 703M
  ,
  ,
` 
` 
` 
  ,
  ,
  ,
  ,
` 
` 
` 
` 
-

X2.1
X2 .1 Da
Data
ta shoul
` 
-
` 
  ,
  ,
should
d be provi
provide
ded
d fr
from
om a mi
mini
nimu
mum
m of ten X2.1.2.6 Impact properties (Charpy V-Notch).
V-Notch).
` 

production heats. This data should include:

  ,
  ,
` 
  ,
` 
X2.1.3 The test coupon size from which the test spec
specimen
imenss
  ,

were removed, stated for each test.

  ,
` 

X2.1.1 Chemical composition.

-
-
-

X2.1.2 Mecha
Mechanical
nical properties
properties,, as appl
applicabl
icablee to the produ
product
ct X2.1.4 Heat treatment requirements.
specifi
specificat
cation
ion bei
being
ng cit
cited.
ed. The
These
se may inc
includ
lude,
e, but are not X2.1.5 Welding procedure. (It is desired
desired that the welding be
limited, to the following: performed with commercially available consumables.)
X2.1.2.1 Ultimate tensile
tensile strength, X2.1.6 Wheth
Whether
er the material
material is cover
covered
ed by any patents,
patents, and
if so, the expiration dates of those patents.
X2.1.2.2
X2.1.2 .2 Yi
Yield
eld strength
strength or yield point,
X2.1.2.3
X2.1.2 .3 Elong
Elongatio
ation,
n, X2.2 The inclusi
X2.2 inclusion
on of the propos
proposed
ed materia
materiall sho
should
uld be
X2.1.2.4
X2.1.2 .4 Reduc
Reduction
tion of area, supported by written request from at least one purchaser or user
X2.1.2.5
X2.1.2 .5 Hardn
Hardness,
ess, and indicating the need for the new grade.

SUMMARY OF CHANGES

Committee
Commit tee A01 has ide
identi
ntified
fied the loc
locati
ation
on of sel
select
ected
ed cha
change
ngess to thi
thiss sta
standa
ndard
rd sin
since
ce the las
lastt iss
issue
ue
(A 703/A 703M - 05) that may impact the use of this standard. (Approved Sept. 1, 2006).

(1) Revis
Revised
ed section
section 10.2
 10.2..

Commit
Com mittee
tee A01 has ide
identi
ntified
fied the loc
locati
ation
on of sel
select
ected
ed cha
change
ngess to thi
thiss sta
standa
ndard
rd sin
since
ce the las
lastt iss
issue
ue
(A 703/A 703M – 06) that may impact the use of this standard. (Approved  XXXX
 XXXX.) .)

(1) Secti
Section
onss 1.
1.1
1 an
and
d 2.
2.1
1 re
revi
vise
sed
d to in
incl
clud
udee   A 990   and
A 995/A 995M.
995M.

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