HEALTH AND

SAFETY
PROGRAMMING
Health and Safety
Programming
The module on “Health & Safety Programming”
specifically deals with the intricate requirements on
how to set up an organization’s Safety & Health
Program.
It discusses the elements of a well planned, as well
as, well managed health & safety program and on
how the various program elements interacts to
promote health & safety in the workplace.
OBJECTIVES
To discuss the details of health & safety
programming
To discuss the involvement of all groups in the
planning and implementing the health & safety
program
To discuss the fundamental elements of the
health & safety program
To explain the application of continuous
improvement model in health & safety
programming
IMPORTANT TERMS
 A Health & Safety Program is a plan or outline of
activities conducted to promote consciousness among
management and workers in workplaces in order to
eliminate or minimize accidents and/or illnesses to the
lowest reducible level.
 Health & Safety Program Organization is the method
employed by management to assign responsibility for
accident prevention and to ensure performances under
that responsibility.
 Supervisor Management
 Work Instruction  Assumption of
& Training Responsibility
 Leadership  Policy

Employees Safety Director

 Learn & Use  Adviser
 Program Coordinator
 Safe work methods.
 Observe rules. Unions
 Promote
 Employees Interests &
 Cooperation

Health & Safety Program Responsibilities

 Role of Management in the
Health & Safety Programming
An effective health & safety program permits a
company to have a working environment in which
operations are conducted economically, efficiently and
safely.

Only the top management has the authority to

implement controls of the working environment
and of worker’s actions.
SEVEN (7) BASIC ELEMENTS FOR A
SUCCESSFUL SAFETY & HEALTH
PROGRAM
MANAGEMENT LEADERSHIP – (assumption of
responsibility, declaration of policy)
A There is a need for the management to make a written
statement of its attitude toward safety in the workplace.
These can be set forth in a policy, which must be brief and
clearly defined management attitude.
 Enforce safe practices and conditions
 Comply with company policy.
 Follow safe instructions.
 Obtain good preventive maintenance of equipment or selection of
proper equipment when purchased.
 B A safety policy should basically state that:
• The safety of employees, the public and the company
operations are paramount,
• Safety will take precedence over expediency or short cuts,
• Every attempt will be made to reduce the possibility of accident
occurrence, and
• The company intends to comply with all safety laws and
ordinances

 ASSIGNMENT OF RESPONSIBILITY – (to operating

officials, safety directors, supervisors, and health & safety
committees)
A When a safety policy has been set, the management
delegates the everyday task of carrying out said policy to
the supervisors, foremen, foreladies, and/or safety and
health committee.
B The head of the operating unit can set the example
for placing health and safety in equal emphasis and
weight in matters of production, cost and quality by
actively supporting the company’s health and safety
policy. He/she can do these by seeing to it that:
• Each of her/his employees (workers) understand the
chemical and physical properties of the materials
stored, handled or used by him/her.
• The necessary precautions are observed when using
equipment, including the use of proper safeguards
and PPE.

C The establishment of a health and safety committee

is another excellent means of developing,
implementing and maintaining safety and accident
prevention measures in the workplace.
 MAINTENANCE OF SAFE WORKING
CONDITIONS – (inspectors, engineering
revisions, purchasing and supervisors)
A Some protective measures to maintain safe
working conditions within the plant are:
• Operational methods (revision) to eliminate risks
• Mechanical guarding
• Isolation of operation or storage
• Use of PPE
• Proper Ventilation
• Proper use and maintenance of tools and equipment
• Sufficient and proper lighting
• Sanitation
• Fire control measures
 B The plant’s health & safety conditions can be
appraised by keeping tract of the following:
• Regular routine inspection
• Special inspection
• Follow ups, to see if recommendations for health and
safety maintenance are met or carried out.

 ESTABLISHMENT OF SAFETY
TRAINING
A Conduct of training course should be both for
supervisors and employees. The following are the
different training courses:
 For new employees – to orient and/or familiarize newly
hired personnel.
 2 On-the-Job training – for those already under the service of
the company for some time
3 Refresher services to re-acquaint “old” personnel
4 Supervisory training
5 Participation in safety works
6 Off-the-job
7 Conferences
8 Workshops

B Six (6) MUSTS in conducting Safety Training:

1 Tell the employee “WHAT” the safety program is.
2 Encourage them to learn, teach and practice safety every
“WHERE” in the plant and off the job.
3 Answer questions so they will know “WHY” safety pays.
4 Teach “WHEN” you know they need training.
5 Make them conscious of “WHO” benefits all the way.
6 Show them “HOW” to do things the safe way.
 AN ACCIDENT RECORD SYSTEM –
(accident analysis reports on injuries &
measurement of records)
A Records are written account of accidents:
1. They provide the safety director with the means for an
objective evaluation of his program.
2. They identify high injury rate to plants and departments.
3. They provide information on the causes of accidents,
which contribute to high injury rates.

B RULE 1050 of the Occupational Safety & Health

Standards states that establishments are required to
submit reports of work accidents and occupational
illness, which resulted in disabling injuries.
 1. The form DOLE/BWC/OSHD (Employer’s Report of
Accident/Illness) should be accomplished and
submitted to the Regional Labor Office, copy furnished
the Bureau of Working Conditions.
2. The form is a comprehensive tool covering pertinent
data in recording and reporting occupational
accident/illnesses.

 MEDICAL & FIRST AID SYSTEM –

(placement examinations, treatment of
injuries, first aid services and periodic health
examinations)
A The medical department of a company is tasked
with the following pertinent activities:
 1. Conducts pre-employment physical examination for
proper physical check-up and proper placement of
workers.
2. Conducts periodic physical examination of workers
exposed to harmful toxic substances.
3. Arrange surveys of new operations or processes to
know exposures are determined to health that may be
present.
4. Establishes a system for assigning injured workers on
the kind of job they can handle in spite of their
condition.
 ACCEPTANCE OF PERSONAL
RESPONSIBILITY OF EMPLOYEE – (training
and maintenance of interest)
A Employee too must have obligations for a
Safety Program to succeed:
 1. They must observe safe practices and produces.
2. Have regard at all times to safety of fellow employees.
3. Use his knowledge and influence to prevent accidents.
4. Report to proper authorities any unsafe conditions that
may call his attention.
5. Contribute his ideas, suggestions, recommendations
for the improvement of working conditions to achieve
maximum safety.
B Aside from training, the management has means at its
disposal to maintain a high interest in safety. Such
promotional methods include:
1 Safety meetings of which there are four types:
a) Executive and supervisor’s meeting to formulate
policies, initiate safety programs or plan special
safety activities.
b) Mass meeting for special purposes.
 c) Departmental meeting to discuss special problems, and
plan campaigns or analyze accidents.
d) Small group meeting to plan the day’s work so that it is
done safely.

C Safety contests:
1. Injury rate contest.
2. Inter-departmental contest.
3. Inter-group contest
4. Intra-plant or inter departmental contest
5. Non-injury rate contest – safety slogan/poster,
housekeeping, community contest.
6. Use posters, bulletin boards, display or publicize safety.
7. Others like safety campaigns, safety courses &
demonstrations, public address systems, publications &
suggestion systems.
OSH PROGRAM
IMPLEMENTATION & EVALUATION

Phase 1 : Management Commitment &

Involvement (vision and leadership)
Phase 2 : Establish a Baseline (“as is”)
Phase 3 : Set Goals (“where we should be”)
Phase 4 : Implement Strategies (close gap between
“as is” and “where we should be”)

Phase 5 : Review and Adjust (reach for where we could

be)
Phase 1
Management Commitment &
Involvement (vision and leadership)
 Communicates a vision
 Attend meetings and read reports
 Set performance standards
 Define roles and responsibilities
 Be an activist
Phase 2
Establish a Baseline (“as is”)
 Select a team
 Team selects issues using the basic
elements
 Identify key measurements
 Conduct research
 Analyze results
 Communicate findings
Phase 3
Set Goals (“where we should be”)

 Add team members, as necessary

 Set goals
 Communicate goals
Phase 4
Implement Strategies
(close gap between “as is” and “where we
should be”)

 Develop plans and actions

 Carry out plans
 Monitor results
 Acknowledge successes
Phase 5
Review and Adjust
(reach for where we could be)

 Build on successes
 Re-examine failures
 Repeat the process
 Communicate the process
The Continuous
Improvement Model
 Continuous improvement is a process-
oriented business approach that
emphasizes the contributions people make
to long-range, permanent solutions to
problems.
 It is the cornerstone of Total Quality
Management.
The POLICY STATEMENT can
be brief, but should mention:
1. The objectives of the program
2. The organization’s basic health and safety philosophy
3. The general responsibilities of all employees
4. The ways employees can participate in health and safety
activities
5. Stated in clear and concise terms
6. Signed be the incumbent Chief Executive Officer
7. Kept up to date
8. Communicated to each employee
9. Adhered to in all work activities
Studying of Plant’s ACCIDENT
HISTORY & OPERATION
 A study of the plant’s operation and accident history
is conducted as the basis for the preparation of a
health & safety program.
 Detailed Study of ACCIDENT STATISTICS,
includes
 Evaluate the effects on the internal and external set up
of the plant
 Was there an increase in production at lesser cost?
 How did the frequency rate (FR) and severity rate (SR)
compare with last year? 2 years ago? (periodic
comparison)
 Were the employee’s morale boosted?
 Did you have better public relation?
 Preparation of HEALTH & SAFETY
PROGRAM
Prepare the safety program built around the basic elements and
continuous improvement model outlining the details such as
targets, monitoring systems, awards, appraisal factors, etc. and
implement the program.
 See Sample.
 Involvement of the DIFFERENT
DEPARTMENTS – in the case of large
establishments
 Medical Department
1 Conducts pre-employment physical examination:
 For proper physical check-up of workers, and
 For proper placement of workers
2 Conducts periodic physical examination of workers
exposed to harmful or toxic substances.
3 Arrange surveys of new operations or processes to know
what exposures are detrimental to health that may be
present.
4 Establish a system assigning injured workers on the kind
of job they can handle in spite of their condition.
Personnel Department
1 Keep records of lost time, accidents and sickness arising from
work; collaborates with medical and safety department relative to
the placement of the employees on the job
2 Arranges necessary cooperation and assistance in rehabilitation of
injured employees; and
3 Establishes cross-file controls to prevent unfit employees to work
on job not approved for them.

Engineering Department
1 Expedites safety work request, particularly referring to correction of
critical hazards.
2 Consults with the safety department before any new operation is
started or new installations or changes to existing buildings,
processes, operations of equipment are put up.
Purchasing Department
1 Coordinates with the safety department on all purchases of
equipment, tools, materials, and personal protective equipment
(PPE).
2 Requisitions for hazardous substances and materials should be
referred to safety department for proper investigation and
clearance.