Define each term and give at least 3 organism/microorganism that is associated to the

given terminology.
1. Autoinfection
 The infection of a primary host with a parasite, particularly a helminth, in such a
way that the complete life cycle of the parasite happens in a single organism,
without the involvement of another host.

EXAMPLE:
Rhabditiform larvae
Strongyloides stercoralis
Echinostoma spp. parasites

2. Ectoparasite
 A parasite that lives on or in the skin but not within the body. Fleas and lice are
ectoparasite. Infestation with an ectoparasite is called an ectoparasitosis.

EXAMPLE:
Human flea
Dog flea
Poultry wing louse

3. Endoparasite
 A parasite that lives in the internal organs or tissues of its host

EXAMPLE:
Roundworms
Tapeworms
Protozoans
4. Obligate parasite
 An obligate parasite or holoparasite is a parasitic organism that cannot complete
its life-cycle without exploiting a suitable host.

EXAMPLE:
Flatworms
Roundworms
Arthropods

5. Facultative parasite
 A facultative parasite is an organism that may resort to parasitic activity, but does
not absolutely rely on any host for completion of its life cycle.

EXAMPLE:
Ameba
Blood fluke
Trichina worms

6. Permanent parasite
 A parasite, such as a fluke or an itch mite, that lives on its host until maturity
or spends its entire life on its host.

EXAMPLE:
Filarial Worm
Blood Fluke
Plasmodium falciparum
7. Temporary parasite
 temporary parasite one that lives free of its host during part of its life cycle.

EXAMPLE:
tapeworms
fleas
barnacles

8. Mechanical/Phoretic vector
 Diseases can also be transmitted by a mechanical or biological vector, an animal
(typically an arthropod) that carries the disease from one host to another.
Mechanical transmission is facilitated by a mechanical vector, an animal that
carries a pathogen from one host to another without being infected itself.

EXAMPLE:
Dogs
Bats
Rats

9. Biologic vector
 An animal vector in which the disease-causing organism multiplies or develops prior
to becoming infective for a susceptible person.

EXAMPLE:
Mosquito that carries the malaria parasite Plasmodium between humans.
Tsetse fly that carries trypanosomes from other animals to humans.
Sand flies transmit leishmaniasis, bartonellosis and pappataci fever.
10. Parasitism
 Parasitism is a relationship between two different organisms where the parasite
harms the host.

EXAMPLE:
Fleas or ticks that live on dogs and cats are parasites. They are living off of the blood of
the host animal.
Lice are another type of parasite. They live off of the blood of the host animal.
Most species of cockatoos will lay their eggs in the nests of other birds, in the hopes that
the other bird will raise the babies.

REFERENCES:

medicinenet.com
dictionary.com
wikibooks.com
wikipedia.com