Mathematics

3. SURDS AND INDICES

l
n Radicals

e
A radical expression (or simply a radical) is an expression of the type n
x . The sign ' n ' is called the radical
sign. The number under this sign, i.e., 'x' is called the radicand and the number in the angular part of the sign,

n
i.e., 'n' is the order of the radical. At present, we shall deal only with cases where x is a real number. Depending
on the values of x, n can have certain corresponding values. Initially we shall consider only positive integral values

n
of n. But remember that 1/n
n
x = x . We have the following results for radicals.

a
If x > 0, n can have real value except zero.

h
If x = 0, n can have any positive real value.

C
If x < 0, n can have any real value. But we shall consider only rational values.

_
0 -1
l 2, 3
3, 4
7, 2
8 , are some radicals. 0, 3
0 are also radicals. 0 and 0 are undefined. 3
-2 ,
5
-64 ,

e
7 2 4
-128 are also radicals. -4 , -16 are also radicals, but because they are not real numbers, we shall study
them only in higher classes. In all these examples, the value of n, i.e., the order of the radical is a positive integer.
But as stated above, it can have other values.

i m
n Description of Surds

T
If a is a positive rational number, which is not the nth power (n is any natural number) of any rational number,
then the irrational number ± n a are called simple surds or monomial surds. Every surd is an irrational number

y
(but every irrational number is not a surd). So, the representation of monomial surd on a number line is same

d
that of irrational numbers. Eg.

u
(a) 3 is a surd and 3 is an irrational number..

t
(b) 3
5 is surd and 3
5 is an irrational number..

S
(c) p is an irrational number, but it is not a surd.

@
(d) 3
3 + 2 is an irrational number. It is not a surd, because 3 + 2 is not a rational number..
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n Types of surds
l Unit surds and multiples of surds

If n
a is a surd, it is also referred to as a unit surd. If k is a rational number, k n a is a multiple of a surd.
d.

All multiples of surds can be expressed as unit surds as k n a = n

k n .a .

l Mixed surds

If a is a rational number (not equal to 0) and n

b is a surd, then a + n
b,a– n
b are called mixed surds.

If a = 0, they are called pure surds. Eg. 2 + 3,5– 3

6 are mixed surds, while 3, 3
6 are pure surds.

35
Class X
l Compound surd

A surd which is the sum or difference of two or more surds is called a compound surd. E.g.

l
2 + 3, 3 + 7 – 2 and 1 + 2 – 3 are compound surds.
3 5 3

e
l Binomial surd

n
A compound surd consisting of two is called a binomial surd. E.g.

n
3 + 3 5, 6 + 4 5, 8 –
3
7

a
l Similar surds

h
If two surds are different multiples of the same surd, they are called similar surds. Otherwise they are dissimilar
surds. E.g.

C
2 2 , 5 2 , 7 2 are similar surds. ( 2 + 3 3 ), ( 2 2 + 6 3 ) are similar sur ds and

_
1+ 2 , 2 + 2 2 are similar surds. 3 3 and 6 5 are dissimilar surds.

e
} Equality of two mixed surds of the form a + c b and d + e b .

i m
Two mixed surds a + c b and d + e b are equal if and only if their respective rational parts and the
irrational parts are equal, i.e., a = d and c = e.

T
l Order of surd

d y
3
In the surd n
a , n is called the order of the surd. Thus the order of 2, 3, 4
5 are 2, 3 and 4 respectively.

u
} The orders of the radicals 4
9, 6
16 ,
6
27 are 4, 6 and 6 respectively. We note that 4
9 = 4
32 =

t
32/4 = 3 is 2. Thus the order of a surd is not a property of the surd itself, but of the way in which it

S
is expressed.

l Comparison of monomial surds

@
Node5\e\Data\CBSE-2016\10th\Advance\CCP\Maths-1\3_Surds & Indices (Th. + Ex.).p65

If two simple surds are of the same order, then they can easily be compared. If a < b, n
a < n
b for all positive

integral values of n. E.g. 4

2 < 4
7, 3
3 < 3
5, 5
10 < 5
13 etc.

If two simple surds of different orders have to be compared, they have to be expressed as radicals of the same
order.

Thus to compare 4
6 and 3
5 , we express both as the radicals of 12th (LCM of 3, 4) order..

4
6 = 12
63 and
3
5 = 12
54

As 63 < 54, 4
6 < 3
5

36
 Mathematics
n Indices
Some useful Formulae

l
(i) am × an = am+n
(ii) am ÷ an = am–n

e
(iii) (am)n = (an)m = amn

n
m m
-
æaö n æ b ön
=ç ÷

n
(iv) ç ÷
èbø èaø

a
(v) am ÷ b–n = am × bn

h
(vi) ( n a )n = a, where 'n' is a positive integer and 'a' a positive rational number

C
(vii) n
anb= n
ab , where 'n' is a positive integer and 'a', 'b' are rational numbers.

_
n
a a
=

e
n
(viii) , where 'n' is a positive integer and 'a', 'b' are rational numbers.
n
b b

(ix) a , where 'm', 'n' are positive integers and 'a' is a positive rational number

m
m n n m
a = mn
a =

i
(x) n m
(a k )m = n a k = mn
a km , where 'm', 'n' are 'k' are positive integers and 'a' is a positive rational number

T
(xi) a´ a = a

y
(xii) a´ b = ab

d
(xiii) ( a + b )2 = a + b + 2 ab

t u
(xiv) ( a – b)2 = a + b – 2 ab

S
(xv) a + b = c + d Þ a = c and b = d.

@
1 a+ b a+ b
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(xvi) = =
a– b ( a – b)( a + b ) a-b

1 a- b a- b
(xvii) = =
a+ b ( a + b )( a - b ) a-b

(xviii) If x = n(n+1), then

(a) x – x – x - ......¥ = n

(b) x + x + x + ......¥ = (n + 1)

37
Class X
SURDS AND INDICES EXERCISE
11. 6
4 ¸46 =
1.

l
If 19 - 4 x = 12 - 7 , then x =
(1) 84 (2) 28 (3) 21 (4) 14

e
2
(1) 12 (2) 12
27 / 2
27
2. 6 + 6 + 6 + 6 + ..........¥ =

n
(1) 3 (2) 2 (3) 1 (4) ±3 (3) 6
2/ 3 (4) 4
3/2

n
3. If a = 14 + 18 , b = 15 + 17 , then: 12. If x = 9,y= 11 , z = 17 then:
3 4 6

a
(1) a > b (2) a < b
(1) x > y > z (2) y > z > x
(3) a = b (4) a = 1.5b

h
(3) z > y > x (4) x < z < y
3
4. Rationalising factor of 25 - 3 5 + 1 is
13. The smallest of 3
4, 4
5, 4
6, 3
8 is:

C
(1) 3
5 + 11 (2) 3
5 +1
(1) (2)

_
3 4
8 5
(3) 5 +1 (4) 5 +3

e
(3) 3
4 (4) 4
6
1é 2 ù
5. If x = 8 - 60 , then ê x + ú = 14. ( 11 - 10 ) ( 12 - 11 )
2ë xû

m
(1) < (2) >

i
(1) 5 (2) 3 (3) 2 5 (4) 2 3
(3) = (4) can’t be determined

T
6. 12 5 + 2 55 = 15. 12 + 4 5 =

y
(1) ( 11 +1) 4 5 (2) 4
5 (1+ 5 )
(1) 10 + 2 (2) 10 + 2

d
(3) 4
5 ( 11 + 5 ) (4) None of these
(3) 10 - 2 (4) 10 - 2

u
7. 50 + 48 = k( 3 + 2 ) , then k =
16.

t
1/2 1/4 If x = 2 + 1, y = 17 - 2 , then
(1) 2 (2) 2 (3) 2 (4) None
(1) x < y (2) x > y

S
4+3 5
8. If = a+b 5 , then (a, b) = (3) x = y (4) None
4-3 5

@
l
Node5\e\Data\CBSE-2016\10th\Advance\CCP\Maths-1\3_Surds & Indices (Th. + Ex.).p65

æ 61 -24 ö æ -61 24 ö 17. If =

, , 10 + 14 + 15 + 21
(1) ç ÷ (2) ç ÷
è 29 29 ø è 29 29 ø

10 - 14 - 15 + 21
æ 61 24 ö æ -61 -24 ö , then:
(3) ç , ÷ (4) ç , ÷ k
è 29 29 ø è 29 29 ø
(1) k = l/2 (2) l = k/2
9. If x = 5,y= 4
10 , z = 3
6 , then: (3) l = 2/k (4) None
(1) x < y < z (2) y < z < x 1/3 –1/3
18. A rationalising factor of 2 +2 is:
(3) z < x < y (4) None 2/3 –2/3
(1) 2 –1+2
1/3 –1/3
10. If a, b, c are rational such that a + b 2 + c 3 = 0, (2) 2 –1+2
1/3 –1/3
then: (3) 2 +1+2
2/3 –2/3
(1) b = c = 0 (2) a = 0 (4) 2 +1+2
(3) a = b = c = 0 (4) None
38
 Mathematics
19. The positive square root of 11 + 112 is:
28. If x = a + a2 + 1 then a in terms of x is
(1) 7 +2 (2) 7+ 2
x2 - 1 x2 + 1 x2 - 1 x2 - 3

l
(1) (2) (3) (4)
2x 2x 2 2
(3) 2 – 7 (4) None

e
20. If x = 2 + 2
1/3
+2
2/3 3 2
, then x – 6x + 6x =....... 29. A rationalising factor of 3
16 + 3 4 + 1 is:
(1) (41/3 + 1) (2) 4
1/3
–1

n
(1) 2 (2) 1 (3) 4 (4) 3
1/3 1/3
(3) 2 +1 (4) 2 –1
21. The square root 5 + 2 6 is:

n
x
(1) 3 +2 (2) 3- 2 30. If x = 3 - 5 , then = .................

a
2 + 3x - 2
(3) 2- 3 (4) 3+ 2 (1) 1/ 5 (2) 5

h
3/2 3/2
22. If (4 + 15 ) – (4 – 15 ) = k 6 , then k =...... (3) (4) 1/ 3
3

C
(1) 9 (2) 8 (3) 7 (4) 6
a + a2 - 1

_
23. 21 - 4 5 + 8 3 - 4 15 = ............. 31. Rationalise the denominator of is
a - a2 - 1

e
(1) 5 -2+2 3
(1) 2a 2 + 2a a 2 - 1 - 1
(2) – 5 - 4 - 12

m
(2) 2a a 2 - 1 - 1
(3) - 5 + 4 + 12

i
(3) a2 -1 -1
(4) - 5 - 4 + 12

T
(4) 2a – 1
1 1

y
+ 32. 2x 2 - 1 + 2x x 2 - 1 = .............
24. = ................
12 + 140 8 - 60

d
(1) x - x2 - 1
2

u
(1) (2) 0 (2) x + x2 - 1
10 + 84

t
(3) x + x2 + 1

S
1 2
(3) (4) (4) x - x2 + 1
10 + 84 10 - 84

@
33. If 1 £ a £ 2, then a - 2 a -1 - a + 2 a -1
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7+4 3 2 2
25. If x = , then x (x – 14) = ............... =......
7-4 3
(1) 2 (2) 2 a - 1
(1) 1 (2) –1
(3) –2 (4) None
(3) 2 (4) –2
1 1 4
26. If 23 + x 10 = 18 + 5 then x = 34. - + =
2- 3 3+ 2 3- 5
(1) 6 (2) –6
(3) 2 (4) –2 (1) 3 + 2 + 7

4+3 3 (2) 5 + 2 + 5
27. If =a+ b , then (a, b) = ................
7+4 3 (3) 2+ 5
(1) (12, –1) (2) (1, 12) (4) 1 - 5
(3) (–1, 12) (4) (–12, 1)

39
Class X

1 1 3+ 6
35. + = 44. =
5 - 5 - 24 5 - 5 + 24 75 - 48 - 32 + 50

l
(1) 1/2 (2) 1/ 2 (1) 2 (2) 3

e
(3) 1/3 (4) –1/ 3 (3) 3+ 2 (4) 3- 2

n
36. If p = 32 - 24 and q = 50 - 48 , then: 6+2 3
45. If = a + b 3 , then a + b =

n
(1) p < q (2) p > q 33 - 19 3
(3) p = q (4) None (1) 6 (2) 8

a
37. A rationalising factor of 3
16 - 3 4 + 1 is: (3) 10 (4) 12

h
12
(1) 3
4 +1 (2) 3
4 -1 46. =
3+ 5 +2 2

C
(3) 3
4 +2 (4) 3
4 -2
(1) 1 - 5 + 2 + 10

_
4
38. If = (2) 1 + 5 + 2 - 10
a + b - c , then:

e
2+ 3 + 7
(3) 1 + 5 - 2 + 10
(1) a = 1, b = 4/3, c = 7/3
(2) a = 1, b = 2/3, c = 7/9 (4) 1 - 5 - 2 + 10

m
(3) a = 2/3, b = 1, c = 7/3

i
2 2
(4) a = 7/9, b = 4/3, c = 1 47. If (5 + 2 6 ) x -3
+ (5 - 2 6 ) x -3
= 10 , then x =

T
39. If (1) 2, 2 (2) 2, - 2
23 + x 10 = 18 + 5 , then x =

y
(1) 2 (2) 3 (3) 2, + 2 (4) 2, –2, 2, - 2
(3) 5 (4) 6

d
x y
48. If x = 2 + 3 , xy = 1, then + =
5 6 2+ x 2- y
40. A rational number between and is

u
6 7
(1) 2 (2) 3 (3) 1 (4) None

t
7 1
(1) (2)
84 84

S
p q
æ 1ö æ 1ö
81 71 çè p + q ÷ø çè p - q ÷ø æ pö
x
(3) (4) 49. If =ç ÷ then x = ..............
74 84 p q è qø
æ 1ö æ 1ö

@
çè q + p ÷ø çè q - p ÷ø
Node5\e\Data\CBSE-2016\10th\Advance\CCP\Maths-1\3_Surds & Indices (Th. + Ex.).p65

x 1
41. If x = 5 + 2 6 , then - =
2 2x
(1) p – q (2) p + q (3) q – p (4) pq
(1) 1 (2) 2
50. Simplest form of 567 is
(3) 3 (4) 4
(1) 7 (2) 3 3
3 2 4 3 2 3
42. - + =
6- 3 6- 2 6 +2 (3) 9 7 (4) 6 7
(1) 2 (2) 1
(3) 0 (4) –1 5+ 3
51. =
2- 3
43. If x = 7 - 5 , y = 13 - 11 , then:
(1) 3 + 7 3 (2) 13 + 3
(1) x = y (2) x > y
(3) x < y (4) x ³ y (3) 1 + 3 (4) 13 + 7 3

40
 Mathematics
62. Th e value of t he expressio n:
52. If 10 + 2 21 = 7 + x then x =

(x ) ´ (x ) ´ (x )
2 2 2
(1) 4 (2) 3 (3) 1 (4) 0 a+b b+ c c+a

l
. If x = 2, a = 1,
(x x x )
4
a b c
7+4 3 1

e
53. x= then x + =
7-4 3 x
b = 2, c = 3 is

n
(1) 0 (2) –1 (1) 1 (2) 8
(3) 14 (4) 2 (3) 0 (4) None of these

n
54. If 3 + 27 + 75 = a + b 3 then a, b = 9 1

a
k
63. If 27 = , then the value of is
k
(1) 3, 4 (2) 3, 8 (3) 8, 1 (4) 4, 2 3 k2

h
55. If 3 6y - 9 = 3 then y =
(1) 4 (2) 0
(3) Both (1) & (2) (4) None of these

C
(1) 1 (2) 2 (3) 6 (4) 0 x y z
64. If 4 = 5 = 20 , then the value of z is

_
1 1
56. If a = ,b= 2
then a b + ab =
2
2xy
3-2 2 3+2 2 (1) (2) – 2xy

e
x+y
(1) 0 (2) 6 (3) –6 (4) 1
xy

m
1 1 (3) 2xy (4)
57. x = 7 + 4 3 and xy = 1 then + = x+y

i
x2 y2

(1) 194 (2) 19 (3) 192 (4) 14 3 3

T
65. If x a .x b .x 3ab(a + b) = (25 )25 , and a + b = 5,
3 3
58. If a + 3 b + 3 c = 0 the (a + b + c) =

y
then the value of x
(1) abc (2) 3abc (1) 2 (2) 0

d
(3) 9ac (4) 27abc (3) – 2 (4) – 1
59. If a, b, c are real numbers then the value of

u
2 2
66. If 32x – 2.3x + x + 6 + 32(2 + 6) = 0 th en the

t
-1 -1 -1
a .b. b .c. c .a is
value of x is

S
(1) 0 (2) 1 (1) – 2

1 (2) 3
(3) (4) ab

@
ab (3) Both (1) and (2)
Node5\e\Data\CBSE-2016\10th\Advance\CCP\Maths-1\3_Surds & Indices (Th. + Ex.).p65

(4) None of these

x -1
60. If x = 5 + 2 6 then =
x b
67.
b 2
If x y = 2x – 3y , then the value of ç ÷ . is
æ 1ö 1
è 2ø 3
(1) 2 (2) 2 2
(1) 1 (2) 0
(3) 3 (4) 2 3
(3) – 1 (4) – 2
68. The numerical value of
If y = 3 3 + 1 , then the value of 3y – 9y
3
61.
33
m + n–l n + l –m l + m–n
æ xm ö æ xn ö æ xl ö
(1) 0 (2) – 1 ç n÷ ´ç l ÷ ´ç m÷ is
èx ø èx ø èx ø
(3) 10 (4) All of these
(1) 1 (2) 8 (3) 0 (4) None

41
Class X
69. The numerical value of
3
x3 × x5 30 77
1 1 1 78. × x =
æ 1 ö a –c æ 1 ö b–a æ 1 ö c– b 5 3
x

l
a–b ´ çx b–c ´çx c–a is
çè x ÷ø è ÷ø è ÷ø
76/15 78/15
(1) x (2) x

e
(1) 1 (2) 8 (3) 0 (4) None (3) x
79/15
(4) x
77/15

n
8 –3/2
79. If 800 = 8 × 10 × x , then x=
æ 2n–1 2n–1 ö æ 2n–1 2n–1 ö
çx +y ÷ø çè x –y ÷ø (1) 10
2
(2) 10
3
(3) 10
4
(4) 10
5
The value of è

n
70.
n n
x2 – y 2 3/4 7/6

a
æ 5ö æ 5ö
80. çè – 6÷ø when divided by ç – ÷ becomes
is è ø 6

h
(1) 1 (2) 8 (3) 0 (4) None
7–x
æ 5ö

C
x 1 çè – 6 ÷ø , the value of x is
71. If 64 = , then the value of 3x + 4y is
y
256

_
(1) 1 (2) 8 (3) 0 (4) None 7 89 8 10

e
z x y (1) (2) (3) (4)
72. If x = y , y = z , z = x , then the value of x y z is 12 12 12 12
(1) 0 (2) –1 (3) 2 (4) 1 x x–1 x
81. If 4 – 4 = 24, then the value of (2x) is

m
5/2 1/3
(1) 5 (2) 5
2

i
( )
æ –1
ö 1/2 1/2
–1 4 (3) 4 (4) 6
73. ç (625)
2
÷ = 2x 2y 2z
è ø 82. If a = b , b = c , c = a , then xyz =

T
–2 –3 2 3
(1) 2 (2) 2 (3) 2 (4) 2
(1) 4 (2) 5 (3) 2 (4) 3

y
83. If 4 3 x2 = xk, then k =

d
1
æ
( 1 3ö
)
4
1
74. ç 5 8 3 +27 3
÷ = 2 1
è ø (1) (2) 6 (3) (4) 7

u
6 6

t
(1) 3 (2) 6 (3) 5 (4) 4 84. Given that m = 27
2 2/3
× 16
–3/2
, find the value
3 3 3 3 –3/2

S
75. (1 + 2 + 3 + 4 ) = of m.
–3 –2
(1) 10 (2) 10
9 3 3 3
–4 –1 (1) (2) (3) (4)
(3) 10 (4) 10

@
34 16 8 4
Node5\e\Data\CBSE-2016\10th\Advance\CCP\Maths-1\3_Surds & Indices (Th. + Ex.).p65

–3/4 –3/4
76. (0.000729) × (0.09) =
2
3 5 2 6 æ –1 ö
10 10 10 10 85. ç 7 2 ×52 ÷ ÷ 253 =
(1) (2) (3) (4)
33
35 2
3 36 çè ÷ø

–2/3 5 7 5
ì –12 ü
(1) (2) (3) 35 (4) –
77. ï4 æ 1 ö ï
í ç ÷ ý = 7 5 7
ïî è x ø ïþ
–2
æ d3 ö
2 –1 3
86. (2d e ) × ç ÷ =
1 1 1 1 è eø
(1) (2) (3) (4)
x2 x4 x3 x –2 –3 –1 –4
(1) 8e (2) 8e (3) 8e (4) 8e

42
 Mathematics
y x
–2 1/3
97. If x = y and x = 2y, then the values of x and y are
87. (27 ) × 43 =
(1) x = 4, y = 2 (2) x = 3, y = 2
(1) 7/9 (2) 8/9 (3) 9/9 (4) 10/9
(3) x = 1, y = 1 (4) None of these

l
1/2 m m
88. If 9 × 3 = (27) , then the value of m is
x y z
(1) 1/4 (2) 1/5 98. If (2.381) = (0.2381) = 10 , then the value of

e
(3) 1/3 (4) 1/2 1 1 1
+ – is

n
y z x
x–y
89. =
x+ y

n
(1) – 1 (2) 1 (3) 0 (4) None
x y z
99. If 2 = 4 = 8 and xyz = 288, then the values of x,

a
(1) x–y (2) x+ y y and z are

( )

h
(1) x = 6, y = 6, z = 4
(3) – x+ y (4) x– y
(2) x = 12, y = 6, z = 4

C
3 (3) x = 6, y = 12, z = 6
90. If 9x = 92 , then x =

_
(4) None of these
2 4 1 5 x y z
100. If a = b = c , abc = 1, then the value of

e
(1) (2) (3) (4)
3 3 3 3 xy + yz + zx is
(1) 1 (2) 2 (3) 0 (4) None
é 1ù é 1 ù é 1 ù

m
91. n ê1 + ú ê1 + n +1 ú ... ê1 + n + m ú = 101. If a
x–1
= bc, b = ac, c
y–1 z–1
= ab, then the value of
ë nû ë û ë û

i
xy + yz + zx – xyz is
(1) n + m (2) n + m + 1 (1) 1 (2) 2 (3) 0 (4) None

T
(3) m (4) None
x y z z(x + 2y)

y
3/2 102. If 2 = 3 = 12 , then find the value of
92. If a = 0.2, then a = xy
is

d
(1) 0.8 (2) 0.4
(3) 0.08 (4) 0.008 (1) 1 (2) 2

u
(3) 0 (4) None

( )
y

t
xy x y–1 x–1 mn mn
93. If a = a , then x .y = 103. If (a ) = a , then express 'm' in the terms of n is

S
x y
(1) y (2) x æ 1 ö
ç ÷
æ 1 ö
ç ÷
è n -1 ø è n +1 ø
(1) n (2) n
y

@
(3) xy (4) æ1ö
Node5\e\Data\CBSE-2016\10th\Advance\CCP\Maths-1\3_Surds & Indices (Th. + Ex.).p65

x ç ÷
ènø
(3) n (4) None
p q p –q
1 104. If 2 = 4.2 and 9.3 = 3 , then the values p and
3 –3
94. If a = x + , then x + x = q are
x
(1) p = 0, q = – 2 (2) p = 2, q = – 2
3 3
(1) a + 3a (2) a – 3a (3) p = –2, q = 1 (4) None of these
3 3
(3) a + 3 (4) a – 3
( 3)
3+p –3q q+2 p +1
95. If a = x
1/3
–x
–1/3 3
, then a + 3a = 105. If (0.5) .(0.25) = 1 and 9 = then
–1 –1
(1) x – x (2) x –x the values p and q are
–1 –1
(3) x + x (4) x +x (1) p = 2, q = 6
3 3 32 (2) p = 27, q = 5
96. If a + b + c = 0, then (a + b + c ) =
2 2 2 (3) p = 5, q = 2
(1) 3a b c (2) 9abc
2 2 2 (4) None of these
(3) 9a b c (4) 27abc
43
Class X

7 –5 45
æ x –1y2 ö æ x3 y –5 ö p q 115. 23 =
106. If ç
2 –4 ÷
¸ ç –2 3 ÷ = x .y then the 60 932 3 20
èx y ø èx y ø (1) 2 (2) 2 (3) (2 ) (4) None

l
x y xy
116. If a = b = (ab) , then x + y =

e
values p and q are x+y
(1) 1 (2) xy (3) (ab) (4) ab
(1) p = 1, q = 1 (2) p = 2, q = 1

n
(3) p = 4, q = 2 (4) None of these 1 1
117.
a –b
+ =
1+ x 1 + x b–a

n
1–2x
æ qö p
107. If ç ÷ = then the value x is
è pø q xab xab

a
(1) (2)
xa + xb x a –b
(1) x = 3/4 (2) x = 4/3

h
(3) x = 1 (4) None of these
xab
(3) 1 (4)

C
3–2x
x–1
æ 1ö x
x b–a
108. If 4 çè 2 ÷ø = (0.125) then the value x is

_
a + b– c b+c–a c+a – b
(a –c)( b–c ) (b –a)(c–a ) (c– b)(a– b)
118. x .x .x =

e
(1) 5/7 (2) 2/8 (3) 2/7 (4) None
100x–22
109. If 6 = 1 then the value x is (1) x
a+b+c
(2) x (3) 1 (4) 0
(1) 11/60 (2) 11/50

m
(3) 11/30 (4) None n +1
119. 2.3 + 7.3n–1 =

i
1–n
n +2 æ 1ö
ì p– q ü
n 3 – 2ç ÷

T
ï a ï è 3ø
110. The value of í ´ a2(p –q) ý is
q 2
îï a ïþ
q –pq

y
(1) 1 (2) 3 (3) –1 (4) 0

d
(1) 2 (2) p (3) 1 (4) None (2n +1 )m (22 )n 2n
a2b–1c–1 a–1b2c–1 a–1b–1c2 120. If = 1, then m =
111. If a + b + c = 0, then x .x .x
(2m +1 )n 22m

u
=_______

t
a2b2c2 1/a2b2c2 (1) 0 (2) 1 (3) n (4) 2n
(1) x (2) x
1/2 3 x/y
(3) x (4) x

S
y x æ xö
121. If x = y , then ç ÷ =
1 1 è yø
112. If ab = 1, then + =
1 + a –1 1 + b –1 x x

@
–1
Node5\e\Data\CBSE-2016\10th\Advance\CCP\Maths-1\3_Surds & Indices (Th. + Ex.).p65

(1) 0 (2) 1 (3) y (4) y

x x
1 122. The value of
(1) ab (2) 1 (3) a + b (4)
ab
a2 + ab + b2 b2 + bc + c2 c2 + ac + a2
æ xa ö æ xb ö æ xc ö
x y z 1 1 1 ç b÷ ç c÷ ç a÷ is
113. If a = b = c = abc, then + + = èx ø èx ø èx ø
x y z

(1) –1 (2) xyz (1) 1 (2) 2

(3) 3 (4) All of these
1
(3) 1 (4)
xyz 3.2n – 4.2n
123. The value of is
p q q p 2/r 2n – 2n–1
114. If a = x, a = y, x y = a then pqr =
(1) –1 (2) –1 (1) – 1 (2) – 3
–1/p p (3) – 4 (4) – 2
(3) x (4) x

44
 Mathematics
124. The value of
a+b b+c c+a
æ xa ö æ xb ö æ xc ö
m+n– l m +l–n l+m –n 133. ç b ÷ ×ç c ÷ ×ç a ÷ =
æ am ö æ an ö æ al ö èx ø èx ø èx ø

l
ç n ÷ .ç ÷ .ç ÷ is
ça ÷ ç al ÷ ç am ÷
è ø è ø è ø

e
(1) –1 (2) 1 (3) 2 (4) –2
(1) 0 (2) 8 (3) 1 (4) 2

n
( 25) ö÷
0
–2/3 æ
æ 64 ö 1
a b c ÷ + ç
125. The value of ab x .bc x .ca x

n
134. çè 125 ÷ø
(256625) ÷ø =
is 1/4 ç 3 64
b c a è
x x x

a
(1) 1 (2) 0

h
9 9 8 8
(3) 3 (4) All of these (1) (2) (3) (4)
2 4 2 4
126. The value of

C
1

_
p + p2 + p3 + p 4 + p5 + p6 + p7
( ) 1 , then x =
2x+
is 135. If 3 4 2=
p –3 + p –4 + p –5 + p –6 + p –7 + p –8 + p –9 32

e
(1) p
10
(2) 1 (3) 0 (4) p
3 (1) –2 (2) 4 (3) –6 (4) –4
–1 –1 –1 a b

m
127. If (p + q) (p + q )= p q , then the value of
4n+1.2n – 8n 3

i
a + b is 136. If = , then n =
2n 8
2
(1) –2 (2) – 1 (3) 0 (4) 3

T
2 –1 –1 –1/2 (1) –1 (2) –2 (3) –3 (4) –4
128. The simplest value of : [1 – 1{1 – (1 – x ) } ]

y
is
(1) x (2) x
2
(3) 1 (4) 0
137. x –1y. y –1z. z –1x =

d
1/3 –1/3 3
129. If a = 2 –2 , then the value of 2a + 6a is (1) 2 (2) 4 (3) 1 (4) 3
(1) 2 (2) 3 (3) 0 (4) – 3

u
1 1

t
130. The value of 138. + =
m–n
1+a 1+ an–m

S
2 2 2

l +m
xl xm xn (1) 1 (2) 3 (3) 5 (4) 4
2
´ m+ n 2
´ n+l 2
is n+1
xm xn xl 139. Given that 4 = 256, find the value of n.

@
Node5\e\Data\CBSE-2016\10th\Advance\CCP\Maths-1\3_Surds & Indices (Th. + Ex.).p65

(1) 2 (2) 3 (3) 5 (4) 63

(1) 2 (2) 0 (3) –1 (4) 1 h 3 9
140. Given that 2 × 2 = 2 , find the value of h.
1/2 3/4 5/6 7/8 9/10 4 8/25
131. The value of [2 .4 .8 .16 .32 ) } (1) 3 (2) 6 (3) 8 (4) 12
is 6 2 3
141. 9x y ¸ 3x y =
(1) 215 (2) 28
(1) 3x2y2 (2) 3x3y
16
(3) 2 (4) None of these
(3) 3x3y2 (4) 6x3y
a b c
132. If (1.234) = (0.1234) = 10 , then the value of
4r
1 1 1 142. By simplifying , we get
– – is (r m)2
2
a c b
3
(1) 2 (2) 3 (1) 1/2m (2) 4/r m

(3) 1 (4) 0 (3) 4r/r5m (4) 4/r3m2

45
Class X
6
143. Which of the following not equal to y ? –1
æ 7ö 2

2 145. ç 1 ÷ =
2/3 9 æ y6 ö è 9ø
(1) (y ) (2)
è ø

l
4 3
(1) (2)

e
1/3 12 3 4
(3) 3 y18 (4) (y )

n
4/3 –1
144. 8 ×2 = 5 5
(3) – (4) –
(1) 4 (2) 8 (3) 16 (4) 32 3 4

a n
C h
e _
i m
y T
d
ANSWER KEY

t u
Que. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
Ans. 3 1 2 2 1 1 3 4 2 3 1 1 2 2 2

S
Que. 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
Ans. 1 3 1 1 1 4 1 3 4 1 1 3 1 2 1
Que. 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45

@
Node5\e\Data\CBSE-2016\10th\Advance\CCP\Maths-1\3_Surds & Indices (Th. + Ex.).p65

Ans. 1 2 3 2 4 2 1 1 4 4 2 3 2 2 2
Que. 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60
Ans. 2 4 1 2 3 4 2 3 2 3 2 1 4 2 2
Que. 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75
Ans. 3 1 1 4 2 3 2 1 1 1 3 4 2 3 1
Que. 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90
Ans. 4 1 4 3 2 1 2 3 3 1 3 2 4 4 2
Que. 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105
Ans. 2 4 1 2 1 3 1 3 2 3 3 1 1 1 2
Que. 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120
Ans. 3 1 1 2 3 4 2 3 1 4 1 3 3 1 4
Que. 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 134 135
Ans. 3 1 4 3 1 1 1 1 2 4 3 4 2 2 4
Que. 136 137 138 139 140 141 142 143 144 145
Ans. 3 3 1 2 2 2 4 4 2 2

46