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Painting Study PDF
Painting Study PDF
CORROSION # 1
Important Points
Galvanic list
etihparG + 0.25v
tiaairar 0.0 v
ravlGt - 0.1 v
022 aekGv - 0.15 v
dGiL - 0.2 v More noble metals
rehhGt - 0.35 v
naa - 0.35 v
eliis lliM - 0.4 v
liioss oMMiswoL - 0.7 v
elits oMMi - 0.7 v
milAlmllA - 0.9 v Less noble metal
clml - 1.0 v
eMiml llA - 1.6 v
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BGAS GRADE 2/3 MODEL MULTILE CHOICE QUESTION &ANSWER 2013
1. Corrosion is defined as
a) Rusting of Cathode
b) Oxidation of iron in contact with water
c) Degradation of a material by chemical or electrochemical means
d) Breakdown of metal by hydrogen
2. What is an electrolyte?
a) It is a mixture of Salts and water
b) A substance which will conduct electricity and cause rusting
c) Oxidation liquid which will attack steel.
d) A substance which will conduct a current and be broken down by it.
3. The degradation of material by chemical or electrochemical means is
a) Pickling followed by passivation
b) Acid cleaning
c) Corrosion
d) An Electrolyte
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BGAS GRADE 2/3 MODEL MULTILE CHOICE QUESTION &ANSWER 2013
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BGAS GRADE 2/3 MODEL MULTILE CHOICE QUESTION &ANSWER 2013
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BGAS GRADE 2/3 MODEL MULTILE CHOICE QUESTION &ANSWER 2013
19. The three compressed oxides which from Mill scale are
a) Iron Oxide, Rust and Iron Sulphate
b) Wusite (FeO), Hematite (Fe3O4) and Magnetite (Fe2O3)
c) Iron sulphate, Iron Chloride and Iron Phosphate
d) RSC, RSJ and RSA
20. Name of sub atomic particles
a) Proton, Neutron, Electron
b) Micron, poron, Moron
c) Wusite, Hematite and Magnetite
d) Anode, Cathode, Electrolyte
21. Which of the following is the best noble metal?
a) Magnesium
b) Tungsten
c) Mill scale
d) Zinc
22. Which is cathode in corrosion?
a)Water
b)Oxygen
c)Substrate
d)Electrons released
23. Which one is more noble?
a)Silver
b)Steel
c)Magnesium
d)Zinc
24. Fe++ is ______________
a)An atom
b)Molecule
c) Iron Ion
d)Iron Substrate
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BGAS GRADE 2/3 MODEL MULTILE CHOICE QUESTION &ANSWER 2013
a) FeO
b) Fe2O3
c) Fe2 O4
d) Fe3O4
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BGAS GRADE 2/3 MODEL MULTILE CHOICE QUESTION &ANSWER 2013
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BGAS GRADE 2/3 MODEL MULTILE CHOICE QUESTION &ANSWER 2013
a) silver
b) steel
c) mill scale
d) magnesium
40. Mill scale is formed during steel rolling manufacturing operations in temperature at
a) Below 580oC
b) Excess 580oC
c) up to 580oC
d) on 580oC
41. Chemical name of rust
a) Hygroscopic salts
b) Hydrous iron oxide
c) mill scale
d) Hygroscopic blisters
42. Hygroscopic slats cause
a) Rash rusting
b) Pinholes
c) Rogue peak
d) Blisters
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BGAS GRADE 2/3 MODEL MULTILE CHOICE QUESTION &ANSWER 2013
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BGAS GRADE 2/3 MODEL MULTILE CHOICE QUESTION &ANSWER 2013
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BGAS GRADE 2/3 MODEL MULTILE CHOICE QUESTION &ANSWER 2013
Metallic (Recyclable)
Steel Grit, Steel Shot, Grit and Shot Mix, Garnet
Agricultural by-product
Walnut Shell , Coconut Shell
Grit cuts the profiles; shot controls the peak (so uniform profile)
Steel surface
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BGAS GRADE 2/3 MODEL MULTILE CHOICE QUESTION &ANSWER 2013
Sa 3 Blast Cleaning to Visually Clean Steel Uniform metallic colour / White Metal
St2 Thorough hand and power tool cleaning poorly adhering mill scale rust
St3 Very thorough hand and power tool cleaning metallic sheen arising from the metallic
substrate
Rust Grade:
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BGAS GRADE 2/3 MODEL MULTILE CHOICE QUESTION &ANSWER 2013
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BGAS GRADE 2/3 MODEL MULTILE CHOICE QUESTION &ANSWER 2013
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BGAS GRADE 2/3 MODEL MULTILE CHOICE QUESTION &ANSWER 2013
17. The most common type of abrasive used for British Gas site work is
a) Copper slag
b) Grit & Shot mix
c) Garnet
d) Angular Chilled Iron
18. Abrasive used on site for British Gas projects must be
a) Mixed with sand, to reduce cost
b) Stored correctly prior to use
c) Expendable
d) Used up to a Maximum of three times only
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BGAS GRADE 2/3 MODEL MULTILE CHOICE QUESTION &ANSWER 2013
19. How many times can Garnet be used as abrasive for BGas site use?
a) Upto 3 times
b) None
c) It must be expendable
d) 20 times
20. Angular chilled iron isformed from
a) Metallic shot
b) Metallic grit
c) Metallic gritand Metallic shot
d) Garnet
21. Metallic shot is
a) Shatters
b) Spherical
c) Random
d) Cutting Edges
22. Irregular profile are given
a) Girt
b) Shot
c) Girt and shot
d) Garnet
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BGAS GRADE 2/3 MODEL MULTILE CHOICE QUESTION &ANSWER 2013
25. Which of the effect produce when rogue peaks are concentrated areas?
a) Rash Rusting
b) Flash Rusting
c) Rust Staining
d) Rust Blooming
26. What is the cause of rash rusting?
a) Mill scale contamination
b) Hygroscopic salts
c) Rogue Peaks
d) Contaminated blast abrasive
27. What is the reason for spot rusting?
a) Surface contamination
b) Millscale
c) Rogue peak
d) Hygroscopic salt
28. The correct ratio of a working mix would be
a) 70-80% Grit : 20-30% Shot
b) 50% Grit : 50% Shot
c) 70-80% shot : 20-30% Grit
d) 20-25% Sand : 75-80% Copper Slag
29. Metallic Shot also has which affect upon the material?
a) Stress relieves
b) Physically deforms
c)Work hardens
d) Causes Slivers
30. What are the properties of an abrasive?
a) Size ,Hardness,Density,shape
b) Velocity, Impingement, Time spend, Shape
c) Rash, Rust rashing, Rust spotting, Rust blooming
d) Rogue peak, Key, Amplitude, Peak to through
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BGAS GRADE 2/3 MODEL MULTILE CHOICE QUESTION &ANSWER 2013
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BGAS GRADE 2/3 MODEL MULTILE CHOICE QUESTION &ANSWER 2013
37. Anchor pattern, key, peak-to-through height and amplitude are names given to what?
a) The abrasive properties
b) The cross section of a blasted area
c) The total area of blasted substrate
d) The potential of adhesion
38. Degree of roughness related to
a)Abrasive blasting
b)Hand and power tool
c) Anchor pattern
d)Abrasive hardness
39. Flash Rust
a) Due to rogue peak
b) Due to Moisture
c)Due to air temperature
d) Due to steel temperature
40. Profile thickness as per BGAS
a) 30-75 microns
b) 25-100 microns
c) 30-70 microns
d) 25-70 microns
41. Blasting in one area for too long, produces what?
a) Hackles
b) Rogue Peaks
c) Silvers
d) Laminations
42. Longitudinal crack is called
a) Laminations (slivers)
b) Hackles
c) Rogue peaks
d) Amplitude
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BGAS GRADE 2/3 MODEL MULTILE CHOICE QUESTION &ANSWER 2013
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BGAS GRADE 2/3 MODEL MULTILE CHOICE QUESTION &ANSWER 2013
49. What is the material used in surface replica tape, used to measure profile?
a) Mylex
b) Testrex
c) Mylar
d) Mylon
50. What is the minimumNumber of readings required for a dial micrometer?
a) Minimum of 101
b) Minimum of twelve
c) One only
d) As many as you wish, but the average reading must be measured
51. Transparent layer in replica tape is ____________
a)Milar
b)Mylex
c)Mylar
d)Testex
52. When checking surface profiled using X-Course replica tape :
a) 50 microns must be added to the final reading
b) The average Number of readings must be taken
c) 50 microns must be deducted from the reading
d) A minimum of ten readings must be taken.
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BGAS GRADE 2/3 MODEL MULTILE CHOICE QUESTION &ANSWER 2013
a) Thickness of paper
b) Thickness of transparent layer
c) Thickness of Testex
d) Dial micrometer Criteria
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BGAS GRADE 2/3 MODEL MULTILE CHOICE QUESTION &ANSWER 2013
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BGAS GRADE 2/3 MODEL MULTILE CHOICE QUESTION &ANSWER 2013
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BGAS GRADE 2/3 MODEL MULTILE CHOICE QUESTION &ANSWER 2013
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BGAS GRADE 2/3 MODEL MULTILE CHOICE QUESTION &ANSWER 2013
79. How many Abrasive Blast Cleaning Photographs are in BS 7079 part A?
a) 4
b) 14
c) 8
d) 16
80. How many photographs of flame cleaning standards are in BS 7079 part A?
a) 4
b) 14
c) 8
d) 16
81. How many photographs available by using tools according to BS 7079?
a) 14
b) 6
c) 4
d) 16
82. BS 7079 does not contains
a) Rust Grades
b) Blast Grades
c) Hand and Power tool Grades
d) Salt tests on Substrate
83. Wheelabrators sometimes called as
a) Centrifugal blast unit
b) Dry abrasive blasting
c) Wheel jetting
d) Water blasting
84. ____________ Abrasive is preferred for Wheelabrators
a) Steel Grit
b) Steel Shot
c) Grit and Shot Mixed
d) Copper Slag
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BGAS GRADE 2/3 MODEL MULTILE CHOICE QUESTION &ANSWER 2013
85. What is the approximate speed of the abrasive particles exiting a Wheelabrators?
a) 450 mph
b) 220 mph
c) Mach 3
d) 100 psi
86. Air pressure measured by
a) Pound per square inch
b) Pound per square feet
c) Cubic feet per min
d) Cubic feet per inch
87. Air pressure delivered through
a) Pound per square inch
b) Pound per square feet
c) Cubic feet per min
d) Cubic feet per inch
88. Which blasting use is removal for soluble salts?
a) Wet abrasive blasting
b)Dry abrasive blasting
c) Solvent / with water
d) Water wash
89. Which blasting use are removal for Sulphate and chloride?
a) High pressure water blasting
b)High pressure water plus abrasive
c) Low pressure water plus abrasive
d) Water wash
90. Which blasting use is removal for toxic materials?
a) Wet abrasive blasting
b)Dry abrasive blasting
c) Solvent / with water
d) Water wash
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BGAS GRADE 2/3 MODEL MULTILE CHOICE QUESTION &ANSWER 2013
93. One of the most important safety items of equipment in abrasive blasting is
a) Dry abrasive mix
b) The banana gauge
c) Dead means handle
d) 100 psi compressor
94. Miser Valve ___________________ in dry blasting
95. The optimum pressure to achieve 100% efficiency in abrasive blast cleaning is?
a) 75 psi
b) 450 psi
c) 100 psi
d) 220 psi
96. Reccova valve is ____________
a)Control abrasive transfer
b)Stores abrasives
c)Removes water
d)Control air from compressor
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BGAS GRADE 2/3 MODEL MULTILE CHOICE QUESTION &ANSWER 2013
97. With every 11 degree rise in temperature, the air’s ability to hold water
a) Would rise by 11%
b) Would half
c) Would double
d) Would decrease by 11%
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BGAS GRADE 2/3 MODEL MULTILE CHOICE QUESTION &ANSWER 2013
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BGAS GRADE 2/3 MODEL MULTILE CHOICE QUESTION &ANSWER 2013
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BGAS GRADE 2/3 MODEL MULTILE CHOICE QUESTION &ANSWER 2013
115. Which type of the cleaning not allowed in the Oil and Gas industry?
a) Dry abrasive
b) Water jetting
c) Steam cleaning
d) Hand and power tool
116. Which application not in hand and power tool?
a) wire brushing
b) needle gunning
c) grinding
d) None of the above
117. Wire brushes used for BGas hand & power tool cleaning, must be made from which
material?
a) Tungsten or Stainless steel
b) Copper or Brass
c) Beryllium Bronze or Phosphor Bronze
d) The same material as the pipe
118. A typical remedy for burnishing would be.
a) Power brushing
b) Emery paper or similar
c) Needle gun
d) Addition of thinners
119. Very coarse profile will occurs when
a)High pressure Water blasting
b)Flame cleaning
c)Dry Abrasive blasting
d)Needle Gunning
120. Phosphor Bronze/Beryllium Bronze refers to
a) Sparking Alloys
b) Non Sparking Alloys
c) Alloys of Nickel
d) Ferroalloys
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BGAS GRADE 2/3 MODEL MULTILE CHOICE QUESTION &ANSWER 2013
121. Which of the hand and power tool equipment not allowed in the Gas industry?
a) Phosphor bronze
b) Beryllium bronze
c) Grinding wheel
d) Emery cloth
122. Which grade is not having photographs in wire brushing?
a) Rust Grade B
b) Rust Grade C
c) Rust Grade A
d) Rust Grade D
123. Which one factor is not flame cleaning?
a) Expansion
b) Dehydration
c) Heat penetration
d) Passivation
124. Phosphate process of steel structure is termed as
a) Expansion
b) Passivation
c) Cathodic protection
d) Salt Detection
125. Which of the following do not belong to the Footners Duplex System?
a) Chromic Acid or Phosphoric acid
b) Sulphuric Acid
c) Iron Sulphates and IronChloride
d) Iron fillings
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BGAS GRADE 2/3 MODEL MULTILE CHOICE QUESTION &ANSWER 2013
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BGAS GRADE 2/3 MODEL MULTILE CHOICE QUESTION &ANSWER 2013
a) 7
b) 7 - 14
c) 4.5 – 7
d) 0
a) Rash rusting
b) Cause Paint adhesion
c) Blisters
d) Mill scale
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BGAS GRADE 2/3 MODEL MULTILE CHOICE QUESTION &ANSWER 2013
139. Wet abrasive blast cleaning of a surface should be followed by dry abrasive blast
cleaning?
a) Only as directed by the engineer
b) To remove the surface profile created by the wet process
c) Because the immediate oxidation of the substrate after wet blasting must be removed
d) Does not required
140. Un fused area in steel is _____________
a)Sliver
b)Rogue Peak
c)Hackle
d)Pinhole
141. Lamination found must referred to
a) Engineer
b) Site inspector
c) Contractor
d) Project Manager
142. Which of the recommended stand-off distance and speed at which the abrasive leaves a
Straight bore Nozzle?
a) 450 mm and 200 mph
b) 220 mm and 450 mph
c) 220 mm and 220 mph
d) 450 mm and 450 mph
143. Surface profile thickness assets by
a) The Comparators
b) Dial micrometer and needle gauge
c) Dial micrometer with replica tape
d) Digital surface needle gauge
144. Every 1psi drop in pressure results in an efficiency drop of
a) 2 psi
b) 1 ½ psi
c) 3 psi
d) None
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BGAS GRADE 2/3 MODEL MULTILE CHOICE QUESTION &ANSWER 2013
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BGAS GRADE 2/3 MODEL MULTILE CHOICE QUESTION &ANSWER 2013
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BGAS GRADE 2/3 MODEL MULTILE CHOICE QUESTION &ANSWER 2013
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BGAS GRADE 2/3 MODEL MULTILE CHOICE QUESTION &ANSWER 2013
a) Copper sulphate
b) Transparent Sticking Paper
c) UV Light
d) Bresle Sample Patch
a) Dark Blue
b) Dark Grey
c) Black
d) No Colour
a) Dark Blue
b) Dark Grey
c) Black
d) No Colour
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BGAS GRADE 2/3 MODEL MULTILE CHOICE QUESTION &ANSWER 2013
13. The test for soluble iron salts (ferrous) is important because
a) these salts may be present because of active corrosion cells.
b) these salts may be present because of improper manufacturing procedures at the steel
rolling mill.
c) these salts will mix with the coating and improve adhesion.
d) these salts will leach out and create an acidic surface.
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BGAS GRADE 2/3 MODEL MULTILE CHOICE QUESTION &ANSWER 2013
a) Sa1
b) Sa2 and Above
c) Sa2½ and Above
d) Sa3
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BGAS GRADE 2/3 MODEL MULTILE CHOICE QUESTION &ANSWER 2013
Binder;
Binds the particles together and holds them in suspension
Pigment:
Solvent:
Forms the evaporative part of the drying process.
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BGAS GRADE 2/3 MODEL MULTILE CHOICE QUESTION &ANSWER 2013
Types of Binder
Acrylic
Alkyd
Asphaltic bitumen’s
Cellulose resins
Chlorinated rubber
Emulsions
Epoxies
Ethyl and Methyl Silicates
Phenolic resins
Polyurethane’s
Silicones
Styrene
Vinyl
Natural oils
Linseed Oil, Tung Oil (also known as China Wood Oil), Soya Oil, Tall Oil and Safflower Oil.
Natural resins
Copals, dammars and Coumarones
Solvent water
Common name nil
Combination binder Emulsions PVC/PVA, Vinyl’s,
Acrylics , Polyurethane
Strength Low → compare to aliphatic HC
Solvent Ketones
Common name Acetone
Combination binder epoxy
Strength high→ compare to others
Don’t use binder with strong solvent over a weak solvent. ( Existing coat )
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BGAS GRADE 2/3 MODEL MULTILE CHOICE QUESTION &ANSWER 2013
Example: Chlorinated Rubber coated over an Alkyd would result in lifting, and wrinkling,
Polymers
Liner Polymer
Branched Polymer
Non-reversible or convertible coatings
Thermosetting.
Binders:
Natural Oils and Natural Resins, and isomers such as Alkyds and Phenolic.
Oils
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BGAS GRADE 2/3 MODEL MULTILE CHOICE QUESTION &ANSWER 2013
Long oil paint more than slower drying / domestic applications, decorative
60% materials
Medium oil between 45 – oil to resin
paint 60%
Short oil paints less than 45% faster drying / shorter over coating time / steel
work
Pigments
Metallic Pigments
Zinc, Aluminium
Opaque pigments
Carbon Black
Compound of Cobalt Blue
Compound of Chromium Greens Yellows and Oranges
Compound of Iron Browns Reds and Yellows
Compound of Calcium Reds and Yellows
Titanium Dioxide White
Extender pigments
Properties
adhesion
cohesion
film strength
durability
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BGAS GRADE 2/3 MODEL MULTILE CHOICE QUESTION &ANSWER 2013
Materials used
Clays Kaolin, China clay
Chalk Calcium carbonate
Talcum Magnesium silicate
Slate flour Aluminium silicate
Laminar pigments
Plate like pigments are MIO (Micaceous Iron Oxide), Aluminium Flake, Glass Flake, Mica and
Graphite
Below CPVC
Too much of binder
good gloss properties
poor covering power (opacity)
low cohesive strength
Above CPVC
the film would be porous
low cohesive strength
Poor adhesion
Near CPVC (good pigment to binder ratio)
lower gloss properties
greater cohesive strength
enough resin to encapsulate each particle
good resistance to water permeation.
Solvents
Solvent strength
Evaporation rate
Flash point
Toxicity
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BGAS GRADE 2/3 MODEL MULTILE CHOICE QUESTION &ANSWER 2013
Plasticisers
A plasticizer is a paint reduces the brittleness of the dried film by allowing the molecules of
the paint to move more easily. There by making it more plastic.
Driers or catalyst
Driers added to accelerate the drying process. Drier consists of compound of metal e.g.
Napthenats of cobalt, zirconiµm Manganese.
Octoic Acid and Naphthanic Acid
Stabilisers
Holds modern synthetic film formers intact and helps to prevent flocculation occurring in tin.
Anti-skinning
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BGAS GRADE 2/3 MODEL MULTILE CHOICE QUESTION &ANSWER 2013
a) VOC
b) Film former
c) Vehicle
d) Non volatile
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BGAS GRADE 2/3 MODEL MULTILE CHOICE QUESTION &ANSWER 2013
7. Vehicle is
a) pigments
b) binder
c) solvent
d) MLC
8. Major considerations of a binder are:
a) Flow properties or viscosity
b) Resistance to chemical attack according to environment.
c) Cohesive strength and Dialectric strength.
d) All the above
8. Which is not a property of binder?
a)Cohesive strength
b) Leafing effect
c)Resist water
d) Hold pigments in suspension
9. Alcohol –Acid are derived
a) Acrylic
b) Alkyd
c) Asphaltic bitumen
d) Cellulose resins
10. The paint which prone chalking in top coat?
a) The Epoxy
b) The polyurethane’s
c) The Chlorinated rubber
d) The acrylic
11. Which of the following binders are reversible?
a) Epoxy
b) Urethane
c) Chlorinated Rubber
d) Silicone
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BGAS GRADE 2/3 MODEL MULTILE CHOICE QUESTION &ANSWER 2013
a) Linseed oil
b) Tung oil
c) Soya oil
d) All the above
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BGAS GRADE 2/3 MODEL MULTILE CHOICE QUESTION &ANSWER 2013
a) Linseed oil
b) Castor oil
c) Coconut oil
d) All the above
a) Linseed oil
b) Tung oil
c) Tall oil
d) All the above
a) Amber, Laq
b) Soya Oil, Tung Oil
c) Bitumen , Coal tar
d) Phenolic resin, Cellulosic resin
a) Copals
b) Coumarones
c) Dammars
d) All the above
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BGAS GRADE 2/3 MODEL MULTILE CHOICE QUESTION &ANSWER 2013
a) Phenolic resins
b) polyurethanes
c) Cellulose resins
d) Styrene
a) Phenolics
b) Silicones
c) Cellulose Resins
d) Vinyl
28. Which one is convertible?
a) CR
b) Vinyl
c) Natural Resin
d) Emulsion
29. Which binder has no problem to overcoat on white spirit based binder?
a) Alkyds
b) Epoxy
c) CR
d) Natural Resin
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BGAS GRADE 2/3 MODEL MULTILE CHOICE QUESTION &ANSWER 2013
a) Water
b) Xylene
c) Turpentine
d) Acetone
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BGAS GRADE 2/3 MODEL MULTILE CHOICE QUESTION &ANSWER 2013
a) Epoxy
b) Xylene
c) Silicone
d) China Clay
a) Brush application
b) Spray application
c) Roller application
d) None of the above
a) Branched polymer
b) Crossed link polymer
c) Linear polymer
d) None of the above
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BGAS GRADE 2/3 MODEL MULTILE CHOICE QUESTION &ANSWER 2013
a) Hydrogen
b) Carbon
c) Chlorine
d) Nitrogen
43. Example for linear polymerisation?
a) Acrylics
b) Vinyl’s
c) Chlorinated rubber
d) All the above
44. Which is not a linear polymerisation?
a) Asphalt
b) Coal tars
c) Cellulosic resins
d) Alkyds
45. Which of the following are said to be reversible?
a) Cross linked polymer
b) Branched polymer
c) Linear polymer
d) Convertible coating
46. Which of the following are said to be non-convertible?
a) Cross linked polymer
b) Branched polymer
c) Linear polymer
d) Convertible coating
47. Which of the following are said to be thermoplastic?
a) Cross linked polymer
b) Branched polymer
c) Linear polymer
d) Convertible coating
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BGAS GRADE 2/3 MODEL MULTILE CHOICE QUESTION &ANSWER 2013
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BGAS GRADE 2/3 MODEL MULTILE CHOICE QUESTION &ANSWER 2013
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BGAS GRADE 2/3 MODEL MULTILE CHOICE QUESTION &ANSWER 2013
a) Fast drying
b) Slow drying
c) Activate Chemical reaction
d) Flexibility
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BGAS GRADE 2/3 MODEL MULTILE CHOICE QUESTION &ANSWER 2013
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BGAS GRADE 2/3 MODEL MULTILE CHOICE QUESTION &ANSWER 2013
a) Cohesively strength
b) Abrasive resistance
c) Impermeability
d) All the above
a) ¼ th micron
b) ½ th micron
c) 1/10 th micron
d) 1/5 th micron
a) Zinc Phosphate
b) Zinc Chromate
c) Read Lead
d) Coal tar
74. What is the color of most common used Rust inhibitive pigment?
a) Grey
b) Black
c) Red
d) White
75. Pigment, which dissolve in a binder called
a) Lacquer
b) Dye
c) Varnish
d) Solute
76. Rust inhibitive pigment are added to primer to protect the steel substrate by
a) Passivation
b) Evaporation
c) Cathodic protection
d) UV protection
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BGAS GRADE 2/3 MODEL MULTILE CHOICE QUESTION &ANSWER 2013
a) Aluminum
b) Zinc
c) Glass flake
d) China Clay
a) Aluminum
b) Zinc
c) Glass flake
d) China Clay
79. An additive that gives a point material its hiding power?
a) A plasticizer
b) A thyrotrophic
c) A drier
d) A pigment
80. Properties of opaque pigment
a) Hiding power
b) Colour
c) Opacity
d) All the above
81. Which one is opaque pigment?
a) Cobalt
b) Chromium
c) Calcium
d) All the above
82. Which of the following is an opaque pigment?
a) Graphite
b) Compound of Chromium
c) Zirconium Octoate
d) Zinc Phosphate
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BGAS GRADE 2/3 MODEL MULTILE CHOICE QUESTION &ANSWER 2013
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BGAS GRADE 2/3 MODEL MULTILE CHOICE QUESTION &ANSWER 2013
e) MIO
f) Aluminium flake
g) Glass flake
h) China Clay
90. Which of the following is a laminar pigment?
a) Graphite
b) Mica
c) Glass Flake
d) All the above
91. PPM
a) Parts per million
b) Per parts million
c) Parts per Micron
d) None of the above
92. Which type of the following pigment is giving leaf effect?
a) Opaque pigment
b) Extender Pigment
c) Laminar pigment
d) All of the above
93. Specular Hematite is commonly called
a) Mill scale
b) Rust
c) MIO
d) Iron Sulphate
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a) Below CPVC
b) Near CPVC
c) Above CPVC
d) All the above
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a) Below CPVC
b) Near CPVC
c) Above CPVC
d) All the above
102. What would be the main problem of a low CPVC?
a) High opacity
b) Permeability
c) Low gloss
d) Low opacity
103. Solvent are added to paint to reduce
a) Viscosity
b) Toxic
c) Velocity
d) Good gloss
e) Strength
f) Flash Point
g) Evaporation rate
h) All the above
105. The minimum temperature of the solvent at which the vapours given off are flammable if a
source of ignition is introduced as
a) Evaporation rate
b) Flash Point
c) Toxicity
d) Solvent strength
106. Which property of a solvent is not best?
a) Low evaporation rate
b) Low toxicity
c) Low flashpoint
d) High evaporation rate
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a) Drying oils
b) Non Drying oils
c) Wax
d) Anti-skinning agents
a) flexibility
b) Thickness
c) oxidation
d) stop settlement
115. Which additive in the paint helps to prevent film cracking in use?
a) A thyrotrophic
b) A plasticizer
c) A drier
d) A Stabilizer
116. Example for drier additive?
a) Bentones and waxes
b) Castrol Oil
c) Methyl ethyl Ketoxime
d) Cobalt naphthantes
117. Octoates and Cobalt naphthantes are
a) Plasticisers
b) Anti-selling agents
c) Driers
d) Anti-skinning agents
118. Anti-oxidants are
a) Plasticisers
b) Anti-settling agents
c) Driers
d) Anti-skinningagents
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119. Which one is used to retard the formation of skin in paint solution?
a) Palm Oil
b) Octoic Acid
c) Methyl Ethyl Ketoxime
d) Bentones
120. If more pigments added in a paint, then the surface should be ___________
a) Gloss
b) Matt
c) Grinning
d) Fast Drying
a) Adhesion
b) Cohesion
c) Evaporation
d) Dielectric strength
122. When use Compound of Calcium pigment which type of colour produced?
a) Red
b) Black
c) White
d) Blue
123. The most widely used materials for pipeline coating are which of the following?
a) Alkyd enamels
b) Fusion-bonded epoxies
c) Thermoset plastics
d) High density latexes
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BGAS GRADE 2/3 MODEL MULTILE CHOICE QUESTION &ANSWER 2013
1. A solution is
a) The resultant liquid of a polymerization event
b) The resultant liquid after dispersing a liquid another liquid
c) The resultant liquid of a solid suspension
d) The resultant liquid after dissolving a material in a solvent
2. Paint is a _________________
a)Solution
b)Solute
c)Solvent
d) Dispersion
3. Example for suspension
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BGAS GRADE 2/3 MODEL MULTILE CHOICE QUESTION &ANSWER 2013
1. Solvent Evaporation
linear polymer
reversible or non-convertible
Chlorinated rubber, vinyl’s, acrylics, cellulosic materials
Thermoplastic
2.Oxidation
Branched polymer
convertible or non-reversible
Alkyds, Phenolics, natural oils and resins
3.Chemical Curing
2. Coalescence
Thermosetting(Coatings which do not melt after the application of heat are known as thermo
set coatings)
application of heat
convertible or non-reversible
materials like epoxy and urethane
Thermoplastic(Paints which melt when heat is applied are known as thermoplastic coatings)
application of heat
linear polymer
reversible or non-convertible
using material Polyethylene and Polypropylene
Name the Paints & give their drying and curing methods
Emulsion coalescence
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a) Metal Spray
b) Air Drying
c) Stoving
d) Forced Drying
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a) Solvent evaporation
b) Oxidation
c) Chemical reaction
d) Coalescence
11. A typical pot life of paint used in BGas specification would be.
a) 20-30 minutes
b) 12-24 hours
c) 6-8 hours
d) 3-7 days
12. A typical induction period of paint used in BGas specification would be.
a) 20-30 minutes
b) 12-24 hours
c) 6-8 hours
d) 3-7 days
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PAINT SYSTEMS #7
Primer- To provide Maximum lasting adhesion to a substrate for the next paint layer and retard
corrosion.
Finish Coat – Gives Final appearance, degree of gloss & colour. Resistance to abrasion, UV rays,
Weather .To aids the flow from the surface of the metal.
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BGAS GRADE 2/3 MODEL MULTILE CHOICE QUESTION &ANSWER 2013
a) Poly ethylene
b) Poly urethane
c) Epoxy
d) Natural Resin
8. In powder coating, to complete the curegenerally takes
a) Three seconds
b) Less than three minutes
c) More than an hour
d) Eight hours
9. Thick steel sections like powder are sprayed onto a
a) Preheated substrate
b) Post heated substrate
c) Low temperature
d) None of the above
10. Thin steel sections like powder are sprayed onto a
a) Preheated substrate
b) Post heated substrate
c) Low temperature
d) None of the above
11. Powder coating types may include which of the following?
a) Alkyds
b) Epoxies
c) Organic Zinc
d) Latexes
12. Paint system: Properties and performance requirement, a detailed in PA9, paint testing is
mostly carried out according to which BS?
a) BS 729
b) BS 5493
c) BS 3900
d) BS 6072
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a) Water borne
b) High volume solid
c) Solvent Based
d) Solvent free
a) Water borne
b) High volume solid
c) Low volume solid
d) Solvent free
a) 400 cc
b) 450 cc
c) 200 cc
d) 350 cc
4. Hydrocarbon known as
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BGAS GRADE 2/3 MODEL MULTILE CHOICE QUESTION &ANSWER 2013
PAINT MANUFACTURE# 9
Direct charge mill: which take and mix all the raw ingredients together.
2. Pre-mix mills; Take the ingredients which have been pre mixed to a rough consistency
and refine this mixture to high quality paint.
E.g. Bead mill (pear or sand mill), Colloid mill, Tipple roll mill, single roll mill
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BGAS GRADE 2/3 MODEL MULTILE CHOICE QUESTION &ANSWER 2013
a) Sand Mill
b) Single roll mill
c) Triple roll mill
d) Attritor Mill
4. What type of machinery is used to produce large production runs of popularpaints?
a) Triple Roll mill
b) Colloid Mill
c) Ball Mill
d) Sand Mill
5. Which paint mill produce expensive materials?
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BGAS GRADE 2/3 MODEL MULTILE CHOICE QUESTION &ANSWER 2013
a) Ball Mill
b) Pearl Mill
c) Triple Roll Mill
d) Single Roll Mill
a) Ball Mill
b) Sand mill
c) Triple Roll Mill
d) Single Roll Mill
11. What type of equipment is used to produce silver and glitters?
a) Sand mill
b) Triple roll mill
c) Single roll mill
d) Attritor mill
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BGAS GRADE 2/3 MODEL MULTILE CHOICE QUESTION &ANSWER 2013
Paint density
formula: -
Density = Weight
volume
Density cup are using to 2 pack material has been mixed in the correct proportions.
Viscosity
Types of viscosity
1. Rotational Viscometers
2. Flow Viscometers (For measuring viscosity)
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BGAS GRADE 2/3 MODEL MULTILE CHOICE QUESTION &ANSWER 2013
1. Rotational viscometers
Dynamic viscosity
The thixotropic paints the viscosity can be measured by a rotation viscometer or another type of
viscometer paints.
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BGAS GRADE 2/3 MODEL MULTILE CHOICE QUESTION &ANSWER 2013
6. Which flame signifies that the flash point temperature has been exceeded?
a) Blue flame flashes
b) Orange flame flashes
c) Red flame flashes
d) Yellow flame flashes
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BGAS GRADE 2/3 MODEL MULTILE CHOICE QUESTION &ANSWER 2013
7. Density defined
a) Weight per unit of volume
b) Metric per unit of volume
c) Volume divided by weight
d) All the above
8. Density unit are
a) Weight per unit of volume
b) Metric per unit of volume
c) Gram per cc
d) All the above
9. Capacity of Density cup
a) 200 cc
b) 300 cc
c) 1000 cc
d) 100 cc
10. Density cup made by
a) Aluminium alloy
b) Stainless steel
c) Nickel
d) Iron
11. What is pyknometer?
a) Opacity testing equipment
b) Whirling Hygrometer
c) Density Cup
d) Wind speed measuring equipment
12. Which of the following is not another name for Density Cub?
a) Pyknometer
b) Psychrometer
c) Weight per gallon cup
d) Weight per litre cup
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BGAS GRADE 2/3 MODEL MULTILE CHOICE QUESTION &ANSWER 2013
a) 20 ºC ± 0.5 ºC
b) 37 ºC ± 0.5 ºC
c) 100 ºC ± 0.5 ºC
d) Temperature not affected
a) Viscosity increases
b) Viscosity decreases
c) Viscosity Stable
d) Drying time increases
a) Stoke
b) Poise
c) Littre
d) Second
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BGAS GRADE 2/3 MODEL MULTILE CHOICE QUESTION &ANSWER 2013
a) Rotation
b) Polarity
c) Potential
d) Aggregate count
a) Ford
b) Zahn
c) ISO
d) DIN
29. Ford Flow cup made of ___________
a) Stainless Steel
b) Aircraft alloy
c) Aluminium
d) Glass Reinforced Plastic
30. What is the name of vessel used to determine the viscosity of hot fluids, as per BGas
specifications?
a) Ford Flow cup No.4
b) Zahn Cup
c) Abel cup
d) Pyknometer
31. What is size of hole in Ford Flow Cup?
a) 2 mm
b) 3 mm
c) 4 mm
d) 5 mm
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BGAS GRADE 2/3 MODEL MULTILE CHOICE QUESTION &ANSWER 2013
a) Flash point
b) Dew point
c) VS%
d) Recommended Thinner
37. When two pack material used, calculated density valve 1.29 gm/cc, but achieved test result
in 1.35 gm/cc which is more dense?
a) Base
b) Activator
c) Thinner
d) Ratio to be changed
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BGAS GRADE 2/3 MODEL MULTILE CHOICE QUESTION &ANSWER 2013
38. If 7.5 Liters Paint weighs 9.75 Kg, Relative Density is ______
a) 13.0 gm/cc
b) 13.0gm
c) 1.30 gm/cc
d) 1.3
39. If Paint in a density cup weighs 135gm, Relative Density is ______
a) 135
b) 13.5gm/cc
c) 1.35
d) 1.35 gm/cc
40. MDS shows a two pack paint density is 1.35 gm/cc, when the density check completed it
shows the density as 1.25.Which one is true
a) Base Part is High
b) Activator Part is High
c) Mix ratio on MDS is incorrect
d) Activator Part is Low
41. If 11 Litres Paint Weighs 18 Kg then density =
a) 1.8 gm/cm
b) 1.6 gm/cm
c) 1.1 gm/cc
d) 1.6 gm/cc
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BGAS GRADE 2/3 MODEL MULTILE CHOICE QUESTION &ANSWER 2013
Density value is 1.29gm/cc calculate value is 1.35 gm/cc So that, Base is high
Density value is 1.35gm/cc calculate value is 1.29 gm/cc So that, Activator is high
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BGAS GRADE 2/3 MODEL MULTILE CHOICE QUESTION &ANSWER 2013
FILM THICKNESSES # 11
Abrasion resistance
Equipment for testing paint films → Ericson, Taber and Gardner
Humidity cabinets
Salt spray cabinets
Water soak tests
Temperature cycling
Prohesion testing
Ballotini test
Beck Koller Stylus test (BK trying time recorder)
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Adhesion
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BGAS GRADE 2/3 MODEL MULTILE CHOICE QUESTION &ANSWER 2013
a) Square
b) Circle
c) Triangular
d) Rectangular
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BGAS GRADE 2/3 MODEL MULTILE CHOICE QUESTION &ANSWER 2013
14. Using the correct calibration shim, a banana gauge can be calibrated one
a) Blasted surface material
b) Painted surfaces
c) Steel with a covering of mill scale
d) All of the above
15. Test for adhesion resistance on paint film
a) Ericson
b) Taber
c) Gardner
d) All of the above
16. Test for hard coatings
a) dolly test
b) Banana gauge
c) Koenig Albert
d) All of the above
17. What diameter is the conical mandrel, which is used in the flexibility test?
a) 8 mm to 25 mm
b) 12 mm to 18 mm
c) 5 mm to 50 mm
d) 3 mm to 37 mm
18. Accelerated test are
a) Water soak test
b) Prohesion test
c) Salt spry cabinets
d) All of the above
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25. What is the name given to the drying test involving the use of glass beads?
a) Wolf Wilbrone
b) Taber
c) Ballotini
d) Erichsson
26. Gold leaf test is used for _________
a) Adhesion
b) Drying
c) Residual tack
d) Dust detection
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BGAS GRADE 2/3 MODEL MULTILE CHOICE QUESTION &ANSWER 2013
a) CPVC
b) Flash Point
c) Particle Size
d) Solvent type
35. Which of the following tests would be performed to determine the adhesion of a coating?
a) Pendulum rocker
b) Pull off Tape
c) Falling sand
d) Taber abraser
36. HATE is an abbreviation of what?
a) Heat Affected Tension Expansivity
b) Hydrogen Arc Treatment Effect
c) Hydraulic Adhesion Test Equipment
d) Humidity Affected Temperature Evaluation
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BGAS GRADE 2/3 MODEL MULTILE CHOICE QUESTION &ANSWER 2013
a) Tinsley pencil
b) Banana Gauge
c) HATE
d) Dolly Test
41. If the required DFT is 50µm, then the particle size in the paint should be _____
a)50µm
b)Above 50µm
c)Below 50µm
d)All the above
42. VS.%relate to
a)Volatile
b)Non volatile
c)Total Paint volume
d)Activator
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BGAS GRADE 2/3 MODEL MULTILE CHOICE QUESTION &ANSWER 2013
43. What is the volume of paint required to cover a circular area of 15 meters radius, if the
material has WFT of 176µm
a) 76.38 L
b) 124.34 L
c) 214.34 L
d) 31.08 L
44. What WFT should be measured, if a coating of 88 µm DFT is required with a 66% VS paint?
a) 158 m
b) 75 m
c) 58 m
d) 133 m
45. What is the actual DFT, if banana gauge shows 335µm when checked on galvanising?
a) 335µm
b) 265µm
c) 235µm
d) 435µm
46. Reflectometer measures _________
a) Aggregate Size
b) Agglomerates Percentage
c) Gloss
d) Colour
47. Which of the following would not affect the degree of Gloss?
a) Surface profile
b) Critical Pigment Volume Concentration
c) Solvent type
d) Degree of dispersion
48 Dry film thickness assessment of a point film containing MIO can be carried out
a) Using a Tinsley film thickness gauge
b) By using Calibrated eccentric wheel
c) By reading taken using the paint inspections gauge
d) By using a banana Gauge
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BGAS GRADE 2/3 MODEL MULTILE CHOICE QUESTION &ANSWER 2013
49. Prior to use, the gauge used to determine DFT must be calibrated,
a) Using sample plate, with a paint coating of known thickness
b) On the prepared surface, before paint application
c) Monthly, by authorized validation Centre
d) In the presence of the site engineer
50. What DFT should be achievable if the paint with the volµme solid of 54% is ….to WFT
of 135µm?
a) 65 µm
b) 72.9 µm
c) 75 µm
d) 82.9 µm
51. A paint said to have good opacity will;
a) Have low permeability
b) Have good hiding power
c) Have a low CPVC
d) Have a low minimum gloss value
52. Minimum WFT and DFT recommendations for paint applications, and advice on the addition
Of thinners etc., can be found:
a) On the label of the paint containers
b)In the project specification
c) On the manufacturer product data sheet
d) In BS 7079 part A
53. DFT measured using Banana gauge can be carried out on the following:
a) Zinc galvanised surface which have been painted
b)Painted Aluminium substrate
c) Any paint containing MIO pigments
d) In BS 7079 part A
54. For the WFT measured of a non-ferrous coating on a carbon steel pipe, which of the
following methods would be acceptable?
a) Banana gauge
b)Eccentric wheel used longitudinally
c) Comb gauge used circumferentially
d) Eccentric wheel used circumferentially
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BGAS GRADE 2/3 MODEL MULTILE CHOICE QUESTION &ANSWER 2013
67. Solvent Evaporation Time, The SolGelTransition,Surface Drying Time and Final Dry Time
are given
a) Ballotini Test
b) Mechanical thumb test
c) BK drying recorders
d) Gold leaf test
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BGAS GRADE 2/3 MODEL MULTILE CHOICE QUESTION &ANSWER 2013
a) Dew point
b) Relative Humidity
c) Relative Density
d) Air Temperature
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BGAS GRADE 2/3 MODEL MULTILE CHOICE QUESTION &ANSWER 2013
a) Psychro meter
b) Limpet Gauge
c) Thermo meter
d) Horseshoe gauge
a) Adhesion
b) Hardness
c) Steel Temp
d) Density
a) 12-15 seconds
b) 20-25 seconds
c) 30-40 seconds
d) 10-20 seconds
a) Above 0.2oC
b) Within 0.2oC
c) below 0.2oC
d) Above 0.3oC
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BGAS GRADE 2/3 MODEL MULTILE CHOICE QUESTION &ANSWER 2013
16. During rain, snow, or high winds”. When these conditions do not prevail” or similar, to allow
coating to continue using special products as a
a) Modern sensible paints
b) A Tentative paints
c) A thixotropic paints
d) None of the above
a) the air or metal temperature is down to within 3oC above the dew point temperature
b) the air or metal temperature is below 5oC
c) the relative humidity is more than 90%
d) None of the above
18. When the relative humidity is more than 90%, using paints
19. The air temperature and dew point temperature, and wet bulb temperature on the whirling
hygrometer, When are all the same value
a) RH 100 %
b) RH 90%
c) RH 85%
d) RH 35%
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BGAS GRADE 2/3 MODEL MULTILE CHOICE QUESTION &ANSWER 2013
CATHODIC PROTECTION 13
a) Electrolytic
b) Cathodic protection
c) Copper/Copper Sulphatehalf-cell electrode
d) Bimetallic
a) Electrolytic
b) Cathodic protection
c) Copper/Copper Sulphatehalf-cell electrode
d) Bimetallic
3. When Cathodic protection is used to protect a pipeline, coatings are applied to
a) Improve the effectiveness of protection.
b) Improve the passage of current flow.
c) Make the pipe easier to inspect.
d) Increase the voltage needed for the CP system.
4. ___________ used to detect the voltage in impressed current system
a) National Grid
b) Transformer Rectifier
c) Copper/Copper Sulphate half-cell electrode
d) Sodium Chloride
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BGAS GRADE 2/3 MODEL MULTILE CHOICE QUESTION &ANSWER 2013
a) pipeline
b) Transformer Rectifier
c) Copper wire
d) Galvanic system
a) pipeline
b) cathode system
c) ground bed
d) copper wire
a) anode system
b) cathode system
c) A and B
d) None of the above
9. The voltage required operating the ICCP system?
a) 230V to 240 V
b) 10KV to 50 KV
c) 10V to 50V
d) 10mV 50mV
10. Copper/Copper sulphates half-cell electrode is used to
a) Monitor CP Voltage
b) Supply current for CP
c) Detect Mill scale
d) Rectify AC to DC
11. Electrical circuit of the corrosion reaction is the evolvement of hydrogen gas from
a) The Anode
b) The Cathode
c) Electrolyte
d) All the above
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HOLIDAY/PINHOLE DETECTION # 14
1. When carrying out holiday detection using the sponge tester, what can we add to the water?
a) Salt
b) Detergent
c) Xylene
d) Inhibitor
2. In FBE coatings greater than 20 thou thickness, holidays are detected using which of the
following?
a) Wet sponge holiday detector
b) Low voltage holiday detector
c) High voltage holiday detector
d) Low voltage DC holiday detector
3. In FBE coatings less than 500µm thickness, holidays are detected using which of the
following?
a) Wet sponge pinhole detector
b) Low voltage holiday detector
c) High voltage holiday detector
d) Low voltage DC holiday detector
4. What voltage settings are commonly used for sponge test holiday detection?
a) 5 Kv to 15 KV
b) 15 KvMaximum
c) 9v to 90 v
d) 110v to 240v
5. What voltage settings are DFT of less than or equal to 300µm?
a) 5 Kv to 15 KV
b) 671/2to 90 v
c) 9v
d) 9v to 90 v
6. What voltage settings are DFTs of 300-500µm?
a) 5 Kv to 15 KV
b) 671/2 to90 v
c) 9v to 90 v
d) 110v to 240v
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PAINT APPLICATION # 15
a) spray
b) Brushing
c) Roller
d) All the above
a) spray
b) Brushing
c) Roller
d) All the above
3. Which correct equipment used for applying a Stripe Coat?
a) Gravity Cup
b) Roller
c) Paint Brush
d) Spray application
4. Which paint application cannot use in industry as per PA10?
a) Brush
b) Roller
c) Airless spray
d) Electro-static spray
5. What are the spray applications?
a) Conventional Spray
b) Airless Spray
c) Electric-static Spray
d) All the above
a) Suction Spray
b) Gravity Spray
c) Remote pressure spot Spray
d) All the above
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a) Brush
b) Spray
c) Aerosol
d) Roller
a) Carbide
b) Venturi
c) Titan
d) Taber
12. If an airless spray pump ratio 35;1 delivery pressure 2800.howmuch the inlet pressure
a) 100psi
b) 90psi
c) 80psi
d) 70psi
a) Stripe coat
b) Airless Spray
c) Conventional spray
d) Electrostatic spray
18. In Electrostatic spray, the thickness of paint film is controlled by
a) Time used to spray
b) Delivery Pressure
c) Orifice Size
d) Voltage
19. Which of the following is often applied by electrostatic spray?
a) Zinc-rich epoxy
b) Powdered epoxy
c) Coal tar enamel
d) Epoxy grout
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a) Airless Spray
b) Remote Pressure pot
c) Dip coating
d) Electrostatic spray
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BGAS GRADE 2/3 MODEL MULTILE CHOICE QUESTION &ANSWER 2013
a) Flat brush
b) Round brush
c) Tar brush
d) All the above
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BGAS GRADE 2/3 MODEL MULTILE CHOICE QUESTION &ANSWER 2013
METAL COATINGS # 16
a) Calorising
b) Galvanising
c) Sheradising
d) Anodising
a) 100 oC
b) 240 oC
c) 425 oC
d) 625 oC
a) 100 oC
b) 240 oC
c) 425 oC
d) 625 oC
a) Sheradising
b) Calorising
c) Anodising
d) Galvanising
5. To be done by immersing a component in a mix of fine sand and Aluminium powder and
heating
a) Sheradising
b) Calorising
c) Anodising
d) Galvanising
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a) Sheradising
b) Calorising
c) Anodising
d) Galvanising
a) 625oC
b) 540oC
c) 425oC
d) 450oC
8. The use of sealer to improve the performance and prolong the coating life with which of
the following coating systems
a) Polysiloxane
b) Polyurethane
c) Thermal metal spraying
d) Electrostatic spraying
9. Thermally Sprayed Aluminium is not normally applied by which system?
a) Electric arc Spray
b) Sheradising
c) Wire & Pistol
d) Electro – plating
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a) Checking
b) Cratering
c) Crazing
d) Cissing
a) Sagging
b) Mud Cracking
c) Curtaining
d) Cohesive failure
a) Roller Stiple
b) Rivelling
c) Brush Marks
d) Blisters
a) Grinning through
b) Efflorescence
c) Cracking
d) Bittiness
11. Paint defect which their appearance is like a citrus of fruits skin.
a) Wrinkle
b) Shagging
c) Fish Eye
d) Orange peel
12. Which coating fault will look like discoloration?
a) Chalking
b) Bleeding
c) Cissing
d) Curtaining
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13. Efflorescence is
a) a weak surface layer of water-rich cement.
b) An oil reaction with alkalinity to make a soap.
c) Moisture passing through the concrete and carrying soluble concrete salts
d) Ice crystals on the surface
14. Where bleeding is evident on a pipe which was previously coated with coal tar, the staining
would be which colour?
a) Black
b) Brown
c) Yellow
d) Red
15. Lifting of coating material from surface is ______
a)Wrinkling
b)Lifting
c) Flaking
d)Mud cracking
16. Paint defect which name is Fish Eye always causes by
a) Over Thickness
b) Substrate contains with oil
c) To much thinner
d) Using wrong mixing solvent
17. Where paint particles fall outside the spray pattern, resulting in a dry, flat, pebbled
appearance, this is known as
a) Orange peel – flocculation
b) Dry spray-over spray
c) Floatation – flocculation
d) overspray-floatation
18. Inclusion, either airborne or from the paint itself?
a) Grinning through
b) Efflorescence
c) Cracking
d) Bittiness
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23. Sometimes forms on the floss film of a coating causing loss of gloss and dulling of colour
a) Efflorescence
b) Cracking
c) Bittiness
d) Bloom
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24. Cracking that comprises of fine cracks, which may not penetrate the top coat, they occur
erratically and at random
a) Efflorescence
b) Cracking
c) Bittiness
d) Hair cracking
25. cracking that comprises of fine cracks, which do not penetrate the top coat and are distributed
over the surface giving the semblance of a small pattern.
a) Cracking
b) Hair cracking
c) Checking
d) Mud cracking
26. Cracking that resembles checking but the cracks are deeper and broader.
a) Crazing
b) Hair cracking
c) Checking
d) Mud cracking
27. A drastic type of crazing producing a pattern resembling the hide of a
a) Crazing
b) Hair cracking
c) Crocodile
d) Mud cracking
28. Where there is a complete absence of coating materials on random areas of the substrate
a) Ropiness
b) Holidays
c) Lifting
d) Mud cracking
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COLOUR # 18
Hue
basic colour red, yellow, green and blue
Clockwise, red→ yellow →blue
Brightness
amount of lightness or darkness of the colour
degree of reflectivity
Saturation
How vivid colour appears
difference of a colours
Lower saturation, greyer the colour
Black and white and the greys in between are called “achromatic” colours
a) Colour co-ordination
b) Specification of abrasive size sieves
c) Methods of test for paints
d) Glossary of paint and related terms
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a) Chroma
b) Intensity
c) Value
d) Weight
a) Hue
b) Brightness
c) Saturation
d) All the above
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a) Batch Number
b) Thinner Code
c) Colour Code
d) Solvent Code
13. How is the Hue of colour identified in BS 4800?
a) By Numbers 0-24
b) By Numbers 01-56
c) By letter A-E
d) By letter E-M
14. How is the saturation of colour identified in BS 4800?
a) By Numbers 0-24
b) By Numbers 01-56
c) By letter A-E
d) By letter E-M
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1. COSHH abbreviation
a) b. c. d.
Answer: B
3. This is the hazard warning symbol for
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a) 100 ppm
b) 500 rpm
c) 100 cc
d) 500 cc
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e) 500 ppm
f) 5 rpm
g) 500 cfm
h) 500 cc
a) red
b) brown
c) reddish brown
d) black
11. Which would be considered to be the most toxic?
a) Acetone
b) Xylene
c) Ethanol
d) Toluene
12. When testing for Xylene using a Dragger Bellows, the crystals will charge colour.
a) Orange to Black
b) White to Red/Brown
c) White to Green
d) White to Black
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DUTIES OF AN INSPECTOR # 20
d) Relative humidity, dew point, air temperature, metal temperature to be checked and
recorded at least four times daily.
e) Wet and dry film thickness to be checked and recorded frequent intervals.
f) To witness and and inspect application of each coat and inspect completed paint system in
accordance with the clients specification and good paint inspection practice.
g) To submit daily and weekly reports recoding all the relevant information as required by
the client. Copies to be retained by inspector.
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a) PA7
b) PA8
c) PA9
d) PA10
a) BS410
b) BS3900
c) BS7079
d) PA10
a) BS4800
b) BS3900
c) BS7079
d) PA10
a) BS4800
b) BS3900
c) BS7079
d) PA10
a) BS4800
b) BS3900
c) BS7079
d) BS 7079 Group A
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a) BS4800
b) BS 7079 Group B
c) BS7079
d) BS 7079 Group A
a) BS4800
b) BS 7079 Group B
c) BS7079 Group C
d) BS 7079 Group A
a) BS 7079 Group D
b) BS 7079 Group B
c) BS7079 Group C
d) BS 7079 Group A
a) PA7
b) PA8
c) PA9
d) PA10
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QUALITY #22
Product description, Recommended use, Technical information, Application data, Condition during
application, Drying and curing time, Recommended painting system, Storage and packing, Health
and safety
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When conditions in the working area are such that metal surfaces are moist, damp or wet, final
preparation shall not be carried out.
- Power tools operated by compressed air shall have oil trap vapour trap fitted to the
compressed air lines.
- Allage and mould growth when in evidence shall be treated with biocide agent and left
for at least 24 hours in order that the biocide can kill the spores. It shall then remove by
scrubbing with stiff bristles brushes and clean water or by use of high pressure water
wash.
c) Ambient and substrate temperature should not be below the set out by the paint
manufacturer for particular paint.
d) Paint shall not normally apply when conditions in the working zone are such that the
working surface becomes moist or damp during the painting operations.
f) All paint shall be applied in order to produce a firmly adhering continuous film, free from
misses, runs tears, sag etc.
g) Stripe coating shall be carried out to welds edges etc in order to achieve a full paint film
thickness as specified.
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h) All painted areas must be thoroughly dry before being over coated and any contamination
of the paint film should be removed before further coats are applied.
The control of substances hazardous to health regulations 1988 come in to force 1 st October
1989(COSHH regulations).
4) How long would be records of examinations monitoring test for five years and 30 years for
identifiable employees.
What additional information you should need when maintenance painting a pipeline without
removing the existing coating
- Extent of corrosion.
- Compatibility of the existing system with the new system. if not compatible
select the appropriate tie coat.
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This Specification specifies procedures for painting the surfaces of all types of ferrous and non-ferrous
metal engineering components.
surface preparations and methods of application to be used in the particular applications. Only the
relevant SPAs need to be taken into account for a particular painting system.
All work carried out on the site shall comply with good safe working practice and the specific conditions of a
Permit to Work where issued on an operational site
Safe working areas - proper use and erection of scaffolding, ladders, etc
Safety requirements associated with abrasive blast cleaning
Identification of coating materials - with reference to any associated hazards such as toxicity,flammability,
etc.
Compliance with fire regulations - storing of combustible materials
Safe handling of coating materials and safety precautions on site
Environmental requirements
compliant coating: a coating which complies with the requirements of the Environmental Protection Act1990.
damp surfaces: surfaces on which water is not readily detectable but of which the temperature is below the dew
point.
dew point: the temperature at which the vapour pressure of the water vapour in the air is equal to the saturation
vapour pressure over water.
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fully weathered galvanizing: a galvanized steel surface on which a cohesive oxide layer has formed by natural
weathering. The surface will normally be dull and lacking in metallic sheen.
hot duty surfaces: metal surfaces on the assembly that will attain a temperature of 100 0 C or above during use.
moist surfaces: surfaces from which standing water and droplets have been removed but on which there is a
noticeable film of water.
pot-life: the Maximum time during which a coating material supplied as separate components should be used after
they have been mixed together.
T-wash: a non-proprietary material used as a primer or pretreatment for zinc metal surfaces.
Maintenance/re-painting
a) The existing paint system.
b) The extent of breakdown and corrosion.
c) The in-service environmental conditions.
d) The nature and extent of any surface contamination.
Inspection
All painting shall be subject to inspection and no deviation from the requirements of this specification will be
permitted, unless previously agreed with the Engineer.
Independent inspection shall not in any way relieve the Contractor of his responsibilities under the terms or
conditions of the contract.
Detailed records of the surface preparation and paint system applied to any given structure shall be kept together
with the results of the inspection and testing carried out.
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Test areas
Contractor may be required to prepare and paint test areas to
correct quality of surface preparation
satisfactory film thickness
finish to the paint film is obtained.
equipment and techniques used for the accepted surface preparation
application of paint to the test areas shall be representative of those to be used for the main painting work.
Access equipment
particular importance that reference is made to Appendix B
Until approval has been given by the Engineer, fixed access equipment shall be left in position
Any movable equipment required (ladders, towers, etc.) shall remain on site and be readily available for
use.
Masked are
fire protection equipment
weld end preparations
atmosphere sensing heads
spray heads
vents on control equipment
flame traps
lubrication points and nameplates
Preparation of surfaces
metal surfaces are moist or damp, final surfacepreparation shall not normally be carried out.
surface preparation or cleaning method shall not be allowed to contaminate wetpaint films.
Equipment used on sitein sparks less.
Electrically operated tools shall not normally be permitted on site.
Power tools operated by compressed air shall have oil and vapour traps fitted to the compressed air lines.
Before surface preparation shall be removed by washing with an appropriate solvent.
Biocidal Agent
All algae and mould growth shall be treated with a biocidal agent and left for a minimum of 24 hours.
It shallthen be removed by scrubbing with stiff bristle brushes and clean water or by use of high pressure water
washing.
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using a needle gun to ensure that the profile of the surface shall not exceed 100 μm
needle gun are rogue peaks shall be removed
Storage of paints
conditions recommended by the paint manufacturer
accordancewith the appropriate fire regulations
On operational sites approved by theEngineer.
Pot life of paint time referred after mixing paint used time.
APPLICATION OF PAINT
Relative Hµmidity in the work zone is less than 90% / air and metal temperatures are at least 3 o C above the dew
point.
Paint shall not normally be applied moist or damp during the painting operation.
Stripe coating shall be necessary to achieve the required dry film thickness (DFT) at edges and to ensure
coverage of weld profiles.
Quality control thickness measurements of paint films containing micaceous iron oxide (MIO) pigment
Over coating ( paint film) measured by wet film thickness gauge (e.g. comb gauge).
The wet film thickness needed to achieve the specified DFT differs from paint to paint.
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Contaminations Treatment
Loose paint particles, rust, debris and other atmospheric Wash down using soft nylon brushes and clean water.
contamination or salt deposition Drythoroughly
Oil or grease Brush and wash with an appropriate solvent then scrub
with a 2%solution of detergent in clean water. Wash
with clean water and drythoroughly
Foreign materials (e.g. shot or grit) embedded in the Re-prepare the affected areas and re-apply the complete
paint film paintingsystem
SPA1 applies to the painting at works or site of new installations and components and to site
maintenance painting of carbon steel surfaces operating below 100 0 C.
Before preparation and painting commences, those surfaces not to be painted shall be masked
All mill scale, corrosion products and, where applicable, unsuitable existing paint and coatings shall be
removed from the surface.
The surface finish at the time of painting shall be equivalent to BS 7079 Sa 2 ½ quality and have a profile within the
range of 30 μm and 75 μm . This shall normally be achieved by blast cleaning.
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3 Clean all surfaces Immediately prior to primer Surface preparation of weld area
application
4 Apply primer Dry film thickness dependent Application paint & measurements
upon system (see Table SPA1e)
Procedure (see also Table SPA1b) shall be applied where slight damage to the factorycoating has occurred
duringtransport and/or storage.
4 Apply primer Dry film thickness dependent Application paint & measurements
upon system (see Table SPA1e)
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FINAL COATING
On completion of painting must be the final coating.
The final coating shall have an acceptable uniform appearance and shall be free from cosmetic defects
2 Apply undercoat Dry film thickness dependent Application paint & measurements and under
upon system (see Table SPA1e) coat
For paint applied at works the preferred system is a high solids solvent based epoxy primer and epoxy MIO
Coat
One coat of primer shall be applied, by brushing or spraying as appropriate, to all prepared exposed metal
within 4 h of metal preparation and before any rust blooming or contamination of the surface occurs
The paint shall overlap onto any existing coating by at least 100 mm.
Over coating is normally carried out within three months of the application of the MIO coat and in
Accordance
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SPA2 applies to new and maintenance painting for indoor use or short term protection of carbon steel
surfaces operating below 100oC
TABLE SPA2a - Operation chart for new painting for INDOOR USE & SHORT TERM
PROTECTION
TABLE SPA 2b - Operation chart for maintenance painting for INDOOR USE &
SHORT TERM PROTECTION
SPA3 applies to the painting of surfaces which are likely to operate at 100 0 C or above.
Areas where the operating temperature of the metal surface is likely to reach, but not exceed, 149 0 C shall
be painted.
Areas where the operating temperature of the metal surface is likely to exceed 149 0 C and 340 0 C shall be
Protected
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Thermally sprayed Aluminium (TSA) shall be applied to prepared surfaces in accordance with BS EN
22063 and/or BS 2569: Part 2.
TSA is deemed to be impractical due to operational restraints for this high temperature.
Use of paint systems based on inorganic zinc silicate or polysiloxane primers –manufacturer
recommendations
Withthe use of inorganic zinc silicate, mud cracking of the coating may result–manufacturer
recommendations
Thermally sprayed Aluminium (TSA) shall be applied to prepared surfaces in accordance with BS EN
22063 and/or BS 2569: Part 2.
TSA is deemed to be impractical due to operational restraints for this high temperature.
use of paint systems based on inorganic zinc silicate or polysiloxane primers –manufacturer
recommendations
With the use of inorganic zinc silicate, mud cracking of the coating may result–manufacturer
recommendations
TSA and inorganic zinc silicate primers are used, they shall be sealed with a high temperaturesealer.
Sealers shall be applied and cured in accordance with the manufacturers' recommendations
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This SPA4 applies to the painting of ferrous surfaces on which the presence of condensation during
painting cannot be operationally prevented
A Number of paint systems are available which are tolerant to damp surfacescannot be used on wet
surfaces.
They shall not be used when ice is present, or where the surface temperature is likely to be below 3 0 C.
Types of materials which are known to perform satisfactorily on damp metal surfaces are:
a) Moisture curing polyurethanes.
b) High solids multi-component epoxy paints.
Any oil or grease shall be removed by swabbing with grease removing solvents. The surface shall
subsequently be washed with a 2% detergent solution
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This SPA6 applies to the painting at site of the non-ferrous surfaces specified below:
a) New galvanized surfaces.
b) Weathered galvanized surfaces.
c) Previously painted galvanized surfaces.
d) Aluminium surfaces.
Above listed are painted primarily to provide corrosion protection
theminimum dry film thickness 120 μm with MIO build coat
e) Stainless steel.
f) Pre-painted cladding ('Plastisol' cladding or equivalent).
g) Glass reinforced plastics (GRP).
h) Fusion bonded epoxy (FBE).
i) Multi component liquids (MCL).
j) Concrete.
All these surfaces, especially Aluminium and stainless steel shall be thoroughly cleaned
and then lightly abraded to provide an adequate key for the new paint system (see Table SPA6a).
All forms of surface contamination and disbonded paint shall be removed, especially oil, grease, salts, dirt
and dust.
This should be achieved by the use of detergent cleaners or emulsifying agents followed by a clean water
rinse.
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Compliant materials of the type listed in Table SPA6b shall be specified by the Engineer and applied.
The choice of the generic paint system will determine the initial coat required and this is shown in Table
SPA6c.
Water borne acrylic paint systems do not require a separate primer as the MIO will fulfill this function.
Coating systems shall full gloss finish of the same generic type as thepreceding coats.
Anepoxy primer and intermediate coat have been applied,
Anepoxy acrylic or epoxypolyester topcoat shall be specified.
In some situations, it may be required to terminate the paint system at the MIO coat.
Surface preparation
Non-ferrous surfaces Comments
Preferred option First option
a Sweep abrasive blast Hand abrading The preferred and first options
New galvanizing eliminate the need for an ‘Etch’
primer. An ‘Etch’ primer (Twash)
shall be used where these
options are impractical
b Weathered galvanizing Stiff bristle Weathered surface provides its
brushing own key
c Previously painted Sweep abrasive blast Hand abrading
galvanizing
d Aluminium Sweep abrasive blast Hand abrading Thin gauge Aluminium should
not be blast cleaned and should
be treated with an etch primer
prior to the application of
intermediate and finish coats.
Chlorinated hydrocarbon solvent
shall not be used
e Stainless steel Sweep abrasive blast Only Aluminium oxide should be
used as the blasting medium
f Pre-painted cladding Sweep abrasive blast Hand abrading
(‘Plastisol’ cladding or
equivalent)
g Glass reinforced plastics Sweep abrasive blast Hand abrading
h Fusion bonded epoxy Sweep abrasive blast Hand abrading
i Multi component liquids Sweep abrasive blast Hand abrading
j Concrete In accordance Surface abrasion may not be
with the required for new concrete. Old
Manufacturers’ paint should be removed if
recommendations required using scrabblers
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G1 G2 G3
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a. Their reasons are mainly due to malpractices of contractor personals and also in the lapse of
the painting Inspector responsibility.
b. Surface preparation is very important, may not been carried out as per requirement. Could be
contaminants present like oil, grease, &dust.
c. Painting carried out in adverse weather conditions.
d. Application of subsequent coat without previous coat not fully cured.
e. Coating intervals not adhered.
f. Skipping or missing out a coat
g. Use of jelled paints. Paint shelf life expired.
h. Not following the coating system sequence.
i. Materials used are not the approved ones& doesn’t meet the specification.
a. To have record of work stoppage due to adverse weather conditions (down time)
b. To have record of Materials consumed.
c. Manpower deployed and Equipment used.
d. Record of wastage material.
e. Estimation of project cost for future tendering purpose.
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a) New Galvanising
b) Weathered Galvanising
c) Unsuitable galvanizing
d) Previously painted Galvanising
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a) New Galvanising
b) Weathered Galvanising
c) Unsuitable galvanizing
d) Previously painted Galvanising
8. Which surfaces comes on hot duty surfaces
a) Metal surfaces attaining a temperature above 340o C
b) Metal surfaces attaining a temperature above 100o C
c) Metal surfaces attaining a temperature above 37o C
d) Metal surfaces attaining a temperature above 540o C
9. Long term protection, coatings as required by PA10, are expected to last, typically
a) upto 4 years
b) upto 6 years
c) upto 10 years
d) upto 15 years
10. Medium term protection, coatings as required by PA10, are expected to last, typically
a) upto 4 years
b) upto 6 years
c) upto5 years
d) upto10 years
11. Short term protection, coatings as required by PA10, are expected to last, typically
a) 2 years to 4 years
b) 2 years to 3 years
c) 2 years to 5 years
d) 3 years to 5 years
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14.Which of the following is normally NOT considered to be a part of the role of a coating
inspector?
a) Observe the work
b) Write non-conformance reports
c) Supervise the labour work
d) Document the work
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37. All mechanical damage, such as surface lamination and sharp edges, observed on a
substrate should be
a) Immediately removed by carefully grinding
b) Carefully removed by means of spark free power brushes
c) Reported to site engineer, for his assessment
d) They will be normally being removed during blasting operations.
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38. All waste material resulting from surface preparation and painting operations be disposed
of in accordance with
a) RIDDOR regulations
b) The health and safety at work act
c) The environmental protection act
d) IGE/SR/21
39. After applying primer on steel surface, Paint got wetted by raining. As a painting
inspector what you do?
40. Where defects removal has been carried out, the area concerning shall be
a) Sprayed
b) Re-blasted
c) Separately Primed
d) Brush painted
41. What would be the correct course of action upon discovering that the contractor has applied
a coat of paint, out of sequence?
a) Blast and re-coat
b) Apply the correct coating over the top
c) Informed the Engineer
d) Add an extra protective coating
42. Wa1, Wa2 are grades of
a) Abrasive blasting
b) Closed blasting
c) Water Blasting
d) Weathering Grades
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46. The British standard for preparation of steel substrate before the application of paint and
related products is
a) BS 2451
b) BS 5252
c) BS 4800
d) BS 7079 Part A1
47. The most common type of thermally sprayed material for hot duty application is
a) Zinc
b) Graphite
c) Silicon
d) Aluminium
48. According to PA10 paint shall be normally be applied when air and substrate temps are
a) Within 3Cof dew point
b) Within 3C below dew point
c) Atleast 3Cof below dew point
d) greater than 5C
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a) Epoxy
b) CR
c) Micaceous Iron Oxide
d) Poly Urethane
a) T Wash
b) Zinc Rich Epoxy
c) CR
d) Water Borne Acrylic
51. According to PA10, what is the correct course of action upon discovering foreign bodies
embedded in the paint film?
a) Apply an extra protective barrier coat
b) Re-blast, and re-coat
c) Lightly abrade with emery paper, apply stripe coat
d) Make a report to the engineer
52. According to PA10, is the addition of Thinners allowed?
a) Yes, at the engineers discretion, up to 20% max.
b) Only if the paint is difficult to apply
c) Yes, in accordance with the product data sheets
d) No, under no circumstances.
53. In accordance with PA10 section 32, paint application by roller is
a) Not allowed
b) Highly desirable for large areas
c) Only to be used primer coats on blast cleaned surfaces
d) Not recommended
54. New and maintenance painting for indoor use or short term protection of carbon steel
surfaces operating at
a) above 100oC
b) below 100oC
c) below 50oC
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d) below 75oC
55. Which table followed to preparation for paintingof uncoated or unsuitably coated surfaces?
a) SPA 1e
b) SPA 1a
c) SPA 1b
d) SPA 1c
56. Which type of paint applied at works in preferred system is high solids according to PA10?
a) Solvent based epoxy primer
b) Water borne acrylic
c) Zinc rich epoxy
d) Moisture cure polyurethanes
57. What is the maximum allowable time lapse between blasting and coating?
a) 24 Hours
b) 7 days
c) 4 hours
d) 1 Hour
58. What is the approximate overlap area in painting?
a) 100 mm
b) 100 cm
c) 10mm
d) 100 µm
a) 30 Minutes
b) 4 Hrs
c) 12 Hrs
d) Manufacturer recommend
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61. Alternative equivalent complaint system are available may be proposed to Transco?
a) Safety
b) Cosmetic defects
c) Finish coat
d) All the above
63. Over coat of MIO should be applied to all primers to a Minimum DFT?
a) 100 µm
b) 120µm
c) 75 µm
d) 70µm
a) 100 µm
b) 120µm
c) 75 µm
d) Defendant upon system
a) 325 µm
b) 225µm
c) 265µm
d) 365µm
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a) 325 µm
b) 225µm
c) 265µm
d) 365µm
67. The specified preferred 4 coat paint system in British Gas PA10 is
a) Red Lead, Zinc based undercoat, polyurethane, Acrylic finish
b) Zinc Chromate primer, Micaceous Iron Oxide, Chlorinated Rubber,Moisture Tolerant
Polyurethane
c) High build Epoxy Aluminium primer, Epoxy Micaceous Iron oxide, Epoxy
undercoat, Epoxy Polyester or Acrylic finish.
d) Zinc galvanise, Micaceous Iron Oxide, Thermally sprayed aluminium, silicone sealer
68. Compliant systems which meet the requirement of
a) T/SP/PA/9
b) T/SP/PA/8
c) T/SP/PA/10
d) T/SP/PA/7
69. For long term protection, preferred system at site refers which table
a) SPA 1a
b) SPA 1b
c) SPA 1d
d) SPA 1e
70. BGC/PS/PA10 contains which table, specifying the coating systems?
a) Spa 6a
b) Spa 1e
c) spa 4a
d) spa 3c
71. What is the specified abrasive overlap requirement on repair areas?
a) 250 mm
b) twice pipe diameter
c) 100 mm
d) 1 meter
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a) Sa1
b) Sa2
c) Sa2½
d) Sa3
74. Which type of operational chart required for hot duty surface from 100 oC149oC?
a) SPA 3a
b) SPA 3b
c) SPA 3c
d) All the above
75. Which type of operational chart required for hot duty surface from 150 oC340oC?
a) SPA 3a
b) SPA 3b
c) SPA 3c
d) All the above
76. Which type of operational chart required for hot duty surface above340oC?
a) SPA 3a
b) SPA 3b
c) SPA 3c
d) All the above
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a) TSA
b) Polysiloxane Inorganic Coating
c) Poly Vinyl Buterol
d) Inorganic Zinc Silicate
78. For the painting of damp ferrous substrate, all paint should be?
a) Dried with the assistance of a warm air blast
b) Spray applied
c) Over coated as quickly as possible
d) Brush applied
a) Brush
b) Roller
c) Airless Spray
d) Dip coating
a) Airless spray
b) Brushing
c) Roller
d) Padding
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a) Zinc Silicate
b) High Solid Epoxy
c) Urethane
d) CR
a) 20 minutes
b) 30 minutes
c) 6-8 hrs
d) Not Applicable
a) Stainless steel
b) Mild steel
c) New Galvanising
d) Weathered Galvanising
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a) Sweep Blast
b) Stiff Bristle Brushing
c) Through Blast
d) Sa2½
a) Alkyd enamels
b) Fusion-bonded epoxies
c) Thermoset plastics
d) High density latexes
a) Alkyd enamels
b) Blast clean
c) Etch primer
d) Aluminium oxide
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95. Which type of surfaces to the paint primarily to provide corrosion protection at non-ferrous?
a) New galvanised
b) Weather galvanised
c) Aluminium surface
d) All of the above
96. Which type of surfaces to the paint to provide cosmetic protection at non-ferrous?
a) New galvanised
b) Weather galvanised
c) Aluminium surface
d) All of the above
98. What type of pigment used to galvanising suffered damage of more than a scratch or gouge
repair?
a) Zinc rich epoxy
b) Polyethylene
c) Aluminium
d) Zinc
99. What type of paint systems used for glass reinforced plastics at non-ferrous?
100. What type of paint systems used for Aluminium surface at non-ferrous?
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101. What type of paint systems of initial coat used for weathered galvanising at non-ferrous?
102. What type of paint systems of initial coat used for Pre-painted cladding at non-ferrous?
103. What type of paint systems of initial coat used for stainless steel at non-ferrous?
104. Which of the following substrate are not dealt with in table SPA6 of PA10?
a) Concrete
b) Stainless steel
c) Galvanised surface
d) They are all dealt with under that system
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110. Which of the following is normally NOT considered to be a part of the role of a
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coating inspector?
a) Observe the work
b)Write non-conformance reports
c) Supervise the labours work
d) Document the work
Additional Questions:
2. The use of an electrostatic handgun has a transfer efficiency of which of the following?
a) <25%
b) <50%
c) Between 50 - 75%
d) About 98%
3.Which information normally not given by the manufacturer’s data sheet?
a) Batch numbers
b) Orifice size
c) Spreading rate
d) Over Coat time
4.A paint viscosity test is carried out at a controlled temperature in order to?
a) Promote paint flow
b) Warm the paint up
c) Keep the weigh even
d) Promote uniformity of the test
5. Etch Primers as
a) Etch Primer is one kind of surface Preparation Material which is used instead of abrasive
blasting.
b) Etch primed surfaces will be slightly rough
c) And they will provide, key for the succeeding Painting application.
d) All of the above
6. Solvents are
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a) Strongest Binders
b) They provide High Build coating suitable for Airless Spray Application.
c) They can be modified form for High Temperatures and Damp surfaces
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a) It will make a Poor finish coat because they will chalk easily
b) Strongest Binders
c) They provide High Build coating suitable for Airless Spray Application.
d) They can be modified form for High Temperatures and Damp surfaces
c) To display boards
15. Problems are coming when Density & Viscosity of paint are not correct.
a) Poor opacity
b) poor Gloss & slow drying,
c) Poor durability
d) All of the above
16. Paint not be applied to the defined D.F.T. Drying problem may occur.
It may create the surface defects like
a) Runs
b) Sags
c) Thixotropic points
d) All of the above
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18. Make scotch test to ensure that the surface is free from dust particles. On Dry Paint films
a) Uniform in appearance
21. A coat of paint which can tie two normally incompatible systems together
a) Mid Coat
b) Final Coat
c) Tie Coat
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a. Hold the Hygrometer Straight facing the Wind direction. In the Wind direction and start
rotating to 30 -40 rotations per second.
b. First read the wet bulb temperature immediately then the dry bulb temperature.
1. Choose a magnetically insulted shim of known thickness, close to the thickness of the paint
you expect to find.
2. Place the shim on the same substrate surface finish as the surface finish on which the paint film
to be measured is attached, e.g.-if the paint
3. Place the magnet onto the shim and press firmly on the instrument, Wind the scale wheel
forwards (away from you).Until the Magnet is Definitely attached to the shim substrate.
4. Gradually wind the wheel backwards slowly until the magnet detaches itself. T At this point,
move the cursor on the instrument to the thickness of the shim as shown on the Scale wheel.
With some instrument the scale itself must be moved to line up with a fixed cursor.
5.When using the later type of instrument .rotate the wheel to zero to locate the position of the
scale adjuster.
6. The instrument is now calibrated and may be used to measure the D.F.T of any nonmagnetic
paint films to a claimed accuracy
Fix the Abel cup containing the substance for the assessment into a water bath.
Apply a heat source to the water bath and monitor the air/vapour temperature in the Abel cup.
A flash point temperature is identified when a blue flame flashes over the substance being
assessed.
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c) Mix regular araldite and stick dolly dolly to the surface and leave for 24 hours at 25 deg C
d) Cut paint around the dolly down to the substrate using a special cutter.
f) Test results require careful interpretations. Some normal values obtained for acceptable Adhesion
are as follows.
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AREA = METER = CM
For example:
Using 3.14 x 5 x 5
2) Tank is 5 Diameter
Using 3.14 x 7 x 7
Relative density or specific gravity is the density of any substance compared to the
density of water.
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WFT calculations
1) What WFT would need to be applied to give a DFT of 45 µm using a paint of 56% vs.?
2) What WFT would need to be applied to give a DFT of 60 µm using a paint of 40% vs.?
3) A paint of 38% vs. was used to give a DFT of 45 µm what wad the WFT?
4) A DFT of 55 µm was obtained from a paint of 55% vs. what was the WFT applied?
5) What WFT would be applied to leave a DFT of 65 µm using a paint of 49% vs?
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DFT calculations
1) What would be the DFT if 20 liters of paint, vs. 45% covered an area of 9m x 12m?
Area m2 -
Step -1
Area 9 x12 = 108
V= AREA x WFT / 1000
Step -2
WFT = V/A x 1000
WFT = 20/ 108 x1000
WFT = 185.18µm
Step -3
DFT = WFT x VS % / 100
DFT = 185.18 x45 /100 8333.32/100 = 83.33µm
2) 25 liters of paint, vs. 65% was used to cover a circular area of 10m diameter. What would
be the resulting DFT?
Area diameter -
Step-1
Area = Лr2
3.14 x5 x5= 78.5m2
Step -2
WFT = V/A x 1000
WFT = 25/ 78.5 x 1000
WFT = 317.47µm
Step -3
DFT = WFT x VS % / 100
DFT = 318.47x65 /100 20700.63/100 = 207µm
3) What DFT would be obtained if paint vs. content 42% was applied at a WFT of 84 µm?
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4) What would be the resulting DFT if a paint containing 83% and WFT of 130 µm, what would be
the resulting DFT?
5) A paint, vs. 65% was applied at a WFT of 130 µm, what would be the resulting DFT?
VS calculations
1) A DFT of 53 µm was obtained from a WFT of 110 µm, what was the vs. % of the paint?
2) A paint was applied at 120 µm WFT. The resulting DFT was 65 µm, what was the vs. %?
3) What would be the vs. % of a paint if it was applied with a WFT of 120 µm and a DFT of
68 µm was obtained?
4) What was the vs. % of a paint with a DFT of 36 µm, when the WFT was 108 µm?
5) A DFT of 62 µm was measured, from a WFT application of 100 µm, what would be the
vs. % of the paint used?
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Volume calculations
1) What volume of paint would be required to cover an area of 300 square meters, to a specified DFT
of 65 µm, using a paint of 45% vs.?
Step – 1
Step -2
Area Square meter -
Area = 3002
Convert Square is to CM2100 x 100 = 10000
Step – 3
V= AREA x WFT/1000
3002 x 144.44 /1000
300 x10000 x 144.44 /1000 x 10000
433.33/10 =43.33 liters.
2) How much paint would be required to coat a tank, roof and side sheets to a DFT of 100µm? The
tank is 5 meters diameter and 6 metersheight. The paint to be used is solvent free.
Step – 1
Step -2
Area Tank is 5 meters diameter and 6 meters height
Area = Лr2
3.14 x 2.5 x 2.5= 19.63m2
Height is 2Лrh
2 x 3.14 x 2.5 x 6= 94.20m2
Step – 3
V= AREA x WFT/1000
113.83m2 x 100 /1000
113.83 x10000 x 100 /1000 x 10000
113.83/10 =11.38 liters
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3) How much paint would be needed to cover a circular area of 10 meters diameter, using apaint 65%
vs. to a DFT of 60 µm?
Step – 1
Step -2
Area 10 diameter
Area = Лr2
3.14 x 5x 5= 78.50m2
Step – 3
V= AREA x WFT/1000
78.5m2 x 92.3 /1000
78.5m2x10000 x 92.3 /1000 x 10000
7246.15/1000 =7.25 liters
4) A circular area of 7 meters radius is to be coated to a DFT of 45 µm. What volume ofpaint would
be required if the vs. content was 48%?
Step – 1
Step -2
Area 7 meters radius
Area = Лr2
3.14 x 7x 7= 153.86m2
Step – 3
V= AREA x WFT/1000
153.86m2 x 93.75 /1000
153.86m2 x10000 x 93.75 /1000 x 10000
14424.37/1000 =14.42 liters
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5) How much paint would be needed, at 55% vs., to coat an area of 250 square meters to aDFT
of 60 µm?
Step – 1
Step -2
Area 250 square meters
Area = 2502
Convert Square is to CM2100 x 100 = 10000
Step – 3
V= AREA x WFT/1000
250m2 x 109.09 /1000
250m2x10000 x 109.09 /1000 x 10000
2727.25/100 =27.27 liters
Density
= 9.75 / 7.5
= 1.3 gm/cc
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= 1.3 /1
= 1.3
No units for RD
4) If the weight of 25 liters of paint is 37.5 kg, what would be the SG?
= 37.5 / 25
=1.5gm/cc
Density value is 1.29 gm/cc calculate value is 1.35 gm/cc So that, Base is high
Density value is 1.35 gm/cc calculate value is 1.29 gm/cc So that, Activator is high
5) A 2 pack epoxy should be mixed at one part base to one part activator; the base has adensity of
1.4gm/cc and the activator 0.9 gm/cc. What would be the density of the mixedcomponents?
6) A 2 pack paint is mixed at a ratio of six parts pack A (density 1.3gm/cc) to one part pack B
(density 0.9gm/cc). What would be the density of the combined parts?
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7) A mixed 2 pack paint has a density of 1.35gm/cc. The density of the base was 1.5gm/cc
and the activator 0.9gm/cc. The mixing ratio was 3:1. Has the paint been mixedcorrectly?
A = 3 part x 1.54.5gm/cc
B = 1 part x 0.9 0.9 gm/cc
Density value is 1.35gm/cc calculate value is 1.35gm/cc So that, correct paint mix
8) A mixed 2 pack paint has a density of 1.35gm/cc. Mixed at a ratio of 6:1, base density
1.45gm/cc, activator density 0.95gm/cc. Has the paint been mixed correctly?
Density value is 1.35gm/cc calculate value is 1.38gm/cc So that, Base is high
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PRACTICAL PURPOSE
RH AND DPCOMMONTABLE
4. Ambient temperature: - It is the surrounding air temperature also referred as dry bulb temperature.
Practical Questions:
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Photographs
Copper Slag
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Abrasive CONTAMINATED
GARNET
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METALLIC GRIT.
METALLIC SHOT
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AGRICULTURAL BY-PRODUCT
SIEVES TO BS 410
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RUST GRADES
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SURFACE PREPARATION
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MERKOQUANT TEST
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DEGREE OF DISPERSION
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FORD FLOW CUP IN ITS RETORT AND SHOWING THE 4mm DIA HOLE
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ECCENTRIC WHEEL
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COMB GAUGES
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ELCOMETER 456
TINSLEY PENCIL
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HORSESHOE GAUGE
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HOLIDAY/PINHOLE DETECTION
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PAINT FAULTSBITTINESS
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DISCOLOURATION
SOLVENT FROM THE TOP OF COAT SOFTENS THE UNDER LYING MATERIAL
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crocodile
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CURTAINS SAGS
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RUNS
TEARS
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HOLIDAYS
UNCOATED AREA
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LIFTING
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ROPINESS
BRUSHMARKS
WRINKLING
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RIVELLING
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Harmful or Irritant
Corrosive
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