PRACTICE TEST 04

I. PHONETICS
1-3. Pick out the word that has the stress differently from that of the other words.

1. A. psychedelic B. inspiration C. interactive D. encouragement

2. A. misunderstand B. misbehaviour C. responsibility D. characteristic
3. A. mathematics B. academic C. politics D. continental

4-7. Pick out the word that has the underlined part pronounced differently from that of the
other words.

4. A. comment B. compose C. command D. complain

5. A. choice B. chaos C. charge D. chase
6. A. friends B. opinions C. picnics D. computers

II. USE OF LANGUAGE

Put one correct PREPOSITION in each gap.

1. It’s hard to understand why such a minor problem keeps nagging _____ us. Let’s have
done with it and get to grips ______ the major ones.
2. ________ first, we thought the scheme was useless, but _______ the end it turned out
to be working well.
3. Judging _______ her previous employer’s opinion, we can assume she can cope
_______ difficult problems ____ ease.
4. The soccer player was ejected because he had done something that was _ ___ the rules.
5. Another way of saying ‘old fashioned’ is ‘________ the times’.
6. Being a nurse is not an easy work, especially if you’re ________ call all the time.
7. After payment, you’ll receive the product _________ 10 business days.
8. I’m ____ ____ a disadvantage when it comes to this job interview because I have no
professional experience.
9. Is he Italian? For some reason I was _________ the impression that he was Spanish.
10.Visiting Moscow was great but the temperature was 25 degrees_________ zero.

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Choose the correct options among A, B, C, or D

1. _________ before, his first performance for the amateur dramatic group was a success.
A. Though having never acted
B. Despite he had never acted
C. As he had never acted
D. In spite of his never having acted
2. _________ ghost exists in the world. That’s just our illusions.
A. No such a thing as
B. No such a thing as a
C. No such thing as a
D. No such thing as
3. It is _________ to many people that pollution is damaging the environment.
A. Leaky B. mental C. internal D. evident
4. We couldn’t stay long, so we only wished Mark many happy _________ of his birthday
and hurried to the airport.
A. returns B. regards C. moments D. days
5. It’s a serious operation for a woman as old as my grandmother. She’s very frail. I hope
she _________.
A. Gets over B. comes round C. pulls through D. stands up
6. My decision to leave university after a year is one I know ________ regret.
A. painfully B. keenly C. heavily D. harshly
7. If you don’t want to walk, we can hire bycicle ________.
A. by the hour B. by hours C. by an hour D. for hours
8. The whole building collapsed. Fortunately there were no ____________.
A. casualties B. hurt C. wounded D. victims
9. Sue lifted the phone receiver, ____________ slightly.
A. her hands trembling C. her hands were trembling
B. her hands trembled D. with her hands trembled

10. The Internet is _______ useful invention of modern life.

A. a B. an C. the D. no article

11. “Another cup of coffee?” – “No, but thanks ____________”

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 A. not at all B. for all C. all the same D. you for all

12.__________ I’ve told him not to go out with those people, but he wouldn’t listen. Just
let him face the music now.
A. Many a time B. Many the time C. Quite a time D. For a time
13.The burglar’s presence was betrayed by a ___________ floorboard.
A. crackling B. crunching C. groaning D. creaking
14.Don’t take it as ________ that you’ll be promoted in your job because other colleagues
stand a good chance, too.
A. Standard B. sure C. read D. word
15. Once known as the “Golden State because of its gold mines, ________.
A. North Carolina today mines few metallic minerals
B. Few metallic minerals are mined in North Carolina today
C. There are few metallic minerals mined in North Carolina today
D. Today in North Carolina few metallic minerals are mined

Circle the underlined part that needs correction.

1. In 1981 the fossil jaw of a previously unknown small mammal was found onto a Navaho
reservation in Arizona.
2. Ants have an elaborate structure social, and enjoy a longevity far greater than that of
most insects.
3. The Earth’s magnetic poles are not stationary, but slowly shift its position.
4. A great proportion of the seeds of desert flora they possess germination-inhibiting
substances.
5. Alike most fruit trees, the quince is normally propagated from shoots or cuttings.
6. The oxygen content of Mars is not sufficient enough to support life as we know it.
III. READING
You’re going to read a text about closed- circuit television ( CCTV ) in public places. Seven
paragraph have been removed from the text. Choose from the paragraphs A-H the one
which fits each gap (1-7).

There is ONE EXTRA PARAGRAPH which you do not need to use.

We’ve all been framed

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Everybody's on television now. The cameras start rolling almost from the moment we step
outside our doors. We are routinely filmed as we walk down the high street and enter the
shop to buy a newspaper. Police cameras take over as we drive down the dual carriageway to
drop our children at school. Another hidden eye monitors the playground for signs of drug
dealing. And so it goes on - in the office, at the cashpoint, at shopping malls, stations, airports,
car parks, football grounds, public squares, even public conveniences.

1. _________________

Do the claims for drastic crime reduction attributed to CCTV by the home office and local
authorities stand up to independent analysis? Could the £1bn spent on monitoring and system
costs over the past decade have been used more effectively? If viewing surveillance is a form
of power, what limits are placed on its operation by the democratic and legal processes?

2. _________________

When we meet in Hull, Norris and I travel to his home, where there are 10 cameras focused on
various parts of the high street. While I pay the cab driver, Norris is switching off the burglar
alarm. Aha! He's not against using modern technology to prevent crime? Of course not. Nor
does he appear enthusiastic when I ask if he would like to get rid of all CCTV cameras
tomorrow.

3. _________________

"I've never been convinced that there could be a simple, silver-bullet solution to crime," he
says. "One of my main gripes is that the last government invested 80% of the crime-
prevention budget on technology which was never properly evaluated.

4. _________________

Norris and Armstrong felt it was high time to do some evaluating themselves. They spent days,
nights and weekends in three different control rooms - one in a poor, multi-racial inner-city
area, one in a prosperous country town and one in a major city centre. "In a busy street," says
Norris, "there are hundreds of issues to focus on. So how do you decide who's a likely trouble-
maker and who's not? The answer, in all cases, is that it's based on crude stereotypes."

5. _________________

Norris is slightly surprised that a country where the concept of Big Brother has become part of
the language should accept so many "little brothers and sisters" to the point where its citizens
are, he says, the most filmed in the world "without any democratic or legal controls". To which
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I point out that most people assume that if they've done nothing wrong then they have
nothing to fear.

6. _________________

State concern? What has the stage got to do with it?’ People think of a camera operator
watching over them kindly but all the information is being stored. Real-time images can be
connected to computers to be analyzed.’

7. _________________

What he sees as the possible long-term implications can best be summed up by the
penultimate paragraph of the book: "The history of the 20th century should remind us that
democratic institutions are not assured. They can be, and have been, captured by totalitarian
regimes of both left and right. We should not be seduced by the myth of benevolent
government, for while it may be only a cynic who questions the benign intent of their current
rulers, it would surely be a fool who believed that such benevolence is assured in the future."

A."No, probably not," he says after a pause. "They can be effective in limited circumstances - in
car parks, for instance. And with the new generation of speed cameras, we have a chance to
reduce pedestrian deaths in urban areas. Their use on railway crossings seems highly sensible,
and when cameras allow the police to find a bomber, a mugger or a murderer then none of us
could say it wasn't a social good."

B. "We all have something to hide," he says. "People have affairs. People hide their sexuality.
Are these really matters of state concern?"

C. Answers to these and many other questions are to be found in Norris and Armstrong's book,
The Maximum Surveillance Society: The Rise of CCTV. I decided to meet one of them in person.

D.So where is all this leading? Should we be alarmed about what is likely to happen in the
future – not tomorrow or the next day, perhaps, but some years from now?

E. In other words, the targets are men rather than women, young men rather than middle-
aged or elderly men, black men before white men. If you're a young black man in a baseball
cap, then your every move is likely to be under observation. "Older men are largely ignored,"
Norris says, "and when women are looked at, it's for voyeuristic reasons."

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F. Occasionally, we catch sight of ourselves on a screen in a shop doorway. But the real addicts
of closed circuit television are the ones who are paid (not very much) to watch, day and night.
Dr Clive Norris and Dr Gary Armstrong have had a glimpse inside those control rooms. Well, a
bit more than a glimpse: they spent a total of 600 hours watching the people who watch us.
Both are lecturers in criminology - Norris at Hull university and Armstrong at Reading
university - and both have misgivings about the phenomenal growth of CCTV surveillance in
the 1990s. Accordingly, they set out to ask some questions.

G. If the control room spots one of these crimes taking place, it doesn’t mean that the police
or the security guards will respond, he says. ‘ They have their own agendas. In our 600 hours
they went into action just 43 times.’

H. The present government, on the other hand, has begun a massive program of crime
reduction and they should be congratulated on providing a lot of money for evaluation. But
while the use of CCTV continues to spread, there still hasn’t been a properly conducted survey
into its effectiveness’’

Read the passage and choose the correct options among A, B, C, or D

Past explorers have made vast contributions to our knowledge of the world today. They
braved the oceans to discover the world and to bring their goods to other countries to trade.

Many explorers had to overcome their fear of the unknown to travel around the world on
their sailing ships. Submitting themselves to unpredictable weather conditions, each
explorer either traveled further than his predecessor or tried to find a different route to
already discovered countries. For example, Vasco Da Gama, a Portuguese explorer,
established a sea route from Europe to India. He had extended the sea route that
Bartolomeu Dias had already done when he latter sailed around the Cape of Good Hope in
southern Africa.

More importantly, explorers first closed the gap between the east and the west by trading
their local goods with foreign ones. India was known for its spices such as nutmeg and
cinnamon while China was known for its silk. A part of the east was brought to the west
when western gourmets developed a taste for eastern spices in their food. People in the
east dressed in clothes that were previously only worn in the west.
Without the explorers, many of us would still be living in our own enclave with little
knowledge of the vast world and what other foreign countries have to offer us.

1. Past explorers contributed to our knowledge of the world by_________ .

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A. making new good
B. selling their goods at high prices
C. traveling to other countries
D. spending time reading about foreign countries
2. Past explorers were probably fearful of________ .
A. swimming in the ocean
B. the dangers that lurked in unexplored places
C. being in their sailing ships for a long time
D. trying to predict the weather conditions
3. Explorers who traveled to countries that others had already been to would make sure
that they________ .
A. sold new goods to those countries
B. bought new goods from those countries
C. explored new areas in the countries
D. found another way of going to those countries
4. The act of selling their local goods to a foreign country allowed the explorers to____.
A. earn more money
B. think about visiting other countries as well
C. grow different types of spices
D. find out more about that country
5. Based on the third paragraph, the___________ of people changed when they came
into contact with foreigners.
A. clothing and lifestyle B. speech and lifestyle
C. clothing and jobs D. family structure and clothing

IV. WRITING
Supply the correct form of the word provided in brackets in each sentence.

1. His busy schedule made him completely _________ to his students. ACCESS
2. He works for UNESCO in a purely _____________ role. (ADVISE)
3. The sun and the moon are often ____________ in poetry. (PERSON)
4. I’ve never known such a _____________ person like him. (QUARREL)
5. I don’t care if you had had too much to drink. Your behaviour last night was ____
_______. (DEFEND)

Complete the passage with an appropriate forms from the words given in the box

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KICK LEAVE LIKELIHOOD GLAD RELATION
ADVENTUROUS NURTURE COUNT ATTEND REMARK

Over the years, there have been ____________ fans of the classic Hanna-Barbera cartoon
character Yogi Bear. The cartoon series enjoyed by young and old alike revolved mostly around
the _____________ of this loveable bear and his ______________ Boo-Boo as they attempted
to snag “pic-a-nic” baskets in the made-up land of Jellystone Park. It’s not often that people
think about where the ideas for these cartoons characters come from, which brings up an
interesting point: do bears actually search for food ___________ in picnic baskets and
____________ campsites? Anyone who has watched an episode of Yogi Bear can see that the
bears’ behavior goes far beyond the limits of what is natural. The thing which must be
explored, then, is which of those humorous antics were license on the part of HannaBarbera,
and which were actually based on the bear’s normal behaviors.

______________ enough, bears have been known to seek out food from some ___________
sources, including picnic baskets, on top of their usual diet of berries, insects, and fish. Bears
work throughout the summer and fall to build up fat stores so as to have energy enough to
last them through their winter hibernations. ____________ to this is their need to replenish
their depleted reserves when they wake up in the spring. Food is generally scarce in the early
spring, and consequently they will ___________ indulge in any foods that are
_______________. This is the main reason for many incidents involving bears entering
campsites in search of food.

THE END.

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