Lesson No: 26/45

Oscillators and Timer IC

RC and LC Oscillators

Syllabus Extract:

a) Principle of operation
b) Oscillator Types
c) RC Oscillators
i) RC Phase shift oscillator
ii) Wein bridge oscillator

https://nptel.ac.in/courses/122/106/122106025/ (Lecture 35)

https://nptel.ac.in/courses/108/101/108101091/ (Lecture 53)

https://nptel.ac.in/courses/108/101/108101091/ (lecture 54)

https://nptel.ac.in/content/storage2/courses/108101091/Week%209%20Slides.pdf

(Slide no.132-185)

Examples

1. Design the RC phase-shift oscillator of Fig. for f0 = 300 Hz

Solution

Assume C = 0.1 µF.

We know that,

Therefore,
 To prevent the RC network from loading the amplifier, it is selected such that R1 > 10 R. Letting

R = 2.2 kΩ, we get R1 = 22 kΩ.

We know that, Rf = 29 R1. Therefore, Rf = 29 X 22 X 103 = 638 kΩ

2. Design a Wien Bridge oscillator of Fig. for f 0 = 2 kHz

Solution

We know that

Assume C = 0.05 µF.

Therefore,

Assuming R1 = 1.8 kW, we get Rf = 2 R1 = 2 X1.8 X103 = 3.6 kΩ

ª 3.9 kΩ (Standard value)

Practice

1. Design an RC phase-shift oscillator which oscillates at 5 kHz. Assume C = 0.1 mF.

2. What are the two conditions necessary for the generation of oscillations?
3. Explain the operation of a Wien Bridge oscillator using op-amp with a circuit diagram
4. Draw the circuit of a Wien Bridge oscillator and derive an expression for its frequency of
oscillation.
 5. Design an op-amp based Wien Bridge oscillator for a frequency of 10 kHz and explain its
operation
6. Show how the output amplitude stabilisation could be achieved in the Wien Bridge oscillator

d. LC Oscillator
i) Hartley Oscillator
ii) Colpitts Oscillator

https://nptel.ac.in/courses/108/108/108108111/ (Lecture 30)

Example

1. a. Calculate the frequency of Colpitts oscillator circuit if the feedback network consists
of the following components: capacitors C1 = 0.05 μF and C2 = 0.5 μF and inductor L = 100 μH.
b. Calculate the magnitudes of feedback factor β.
c. Calculate gain A.
Solution

Example 5.8, B. Visvesvara Rao - Linear Integrated Circuits-Pearson Education (2015)

2. a. Calculate the frequency of output signal of Hartley oscillator having feedback network
that consists of L1 = 180 μH, L2 = 20 μH, and capacitor C = 100 pF.
b. Calculate feedback factor b.
c. Calculate gain A.

Solution

Example 5.11, B. Visvesvara Rao - Linear Integrated Circuits-Pearson Education (2015)

Practice

1. Explain the principle of operation of LC oscillators with necessary circuits

2. Design a Hartley oscillator to oscilate at 10 kHz. Use 5 mH inductor
1. Determine the frequency of oscillation of the Colpitts oscillator. Assume L = 500 µH, C = 3.3 µF
and R1 = Rf = 4.7 kΩ.

Text book Reference:

Chapter / Page No. 7/249 Op-amps and Linear Integrated circuits, Ramakant A Gayakward

Chapter / Page No. 5/5-16 B. Visvesvara Rao - Linear Integrated Circuits-Pearson Education
Lesson No: 27/45
Oscillators and Timer IC
IC 555

Syllabus Extract:

a) Introduction and Description of Functional Diagram

b) Modes of Operation – Monostable Operation
c) Modes of Operation – Astable Operation

https://nptel.ac.in/courses/108/101/108101091/

(Slide no. 64 - 79 )

Text book Reference:

Chapter / Page No. 8/311 Linear Integrated circuits, D. Roy Choudhary.

Tutorial:

1. In the monostable multivibrator, R=100 kΩ and time delay T = 100 ms. Calculate the value of
Capacitor C.

2. For an astable multivibrator, RA = 6.8 kΩ , RB = 3.3 kΩ and C= 0.1 µ F. Calculate

a) tHiGH b) tLow c) Free running frequency d) Duty cycle, D.

Review Questions:

a. Design a monostable multivibrator using 555 timer to produce a time delay of 220 ms.

b. For an astable multivibrator, RA = 3.2 kΩ, RB = 6.8 kΩ and C= 0.01µ F. Calculate

a) tHiGH b) tLow c) Free running frequency d) Duty cycle, D.