CircuitsFinal2014 Cheat Sheet

by Lini via cheatography.com/21323/cs/4073/

Chapter 1 - Basics Chapter 2 (cont) Chapter 3 - Methods of Analysis Chapter 4 - Circuit Theorems
(cont) (cont)
- Electric current = (i): time rate of Kirc​hhoff’s voltage law (KVL):
change of charge, measured in algebraic sum of all voltages Step 1: circuit with Load: I(L) = V(th) / (R(th)
amperes (A). around a closed path (or loop) is Assign mesh currents or loops + R(L)) ==> V(L) = R(L) I (L) ==>
- Charge = (q): integral of i zero. Step 2: (R(L) / ((R(th) + R(L)) V(th))
- Voltage (or potential Voltage D: v1 = ((R1) / (R1 + R2)) Apply KVL Norton's Theorem

differ​ence) = (V): energy required *v - use OHMS LAW to express R(n) = R(th)
Voltage D: v2 = ((R2 / (R1 + R2)) * voltages in terms of the mesh I(n) = i(sc) ==> (sc) = short circuit
to move a unit charge through an
v current I(n) = V(th) / R(th)
element
Current D: i1 = (R2 * i) / (R1 + R2) Step 3: Maximum Power Transfer
- Power = (W): vi = (i^2)R
Solve for the unknown max power is transf​erred to the
- Passive sign conven​tion: when Current D: i2 = (R1 * i) / (R1 + R2)
Supe​rmesh LOAD RESISTOR when the LOAD
the current enters through the
- when two meshes have an RESISTOR is EQUAL to the
positive terminal of an element (p = Chapter 3 - Methods of Analysis
indepe​ndent or dependent THEVENIN RESIST​ANCE:
+vi)
Nodal Analys​is: want to fine the CURRENT source R(L) = R(th)
Reme​mber:
node voltages between them p(max) = V(th)2 / 4R(th)
+​Power absorbed = -​​Power
Step 1:
supplied --> sum of power in a
select reference node Chapter 4 - Circuit Theorems Chapter 6 - Capacitors and
circuit = 0
- assign voltages v1 --> vn to Inductors
- Energy (J) = integral of P Supe​rpo​sit​ion
remaining nodes
principal states that the VOLTAGE Capa​cit​ors
Step 2:
Chapter 2 ACROSS or CURRENT q=C*v
apply KCL to each node
- want to express branch currents THROUGH an element in a linear capa​cit​ance: ratio of the charge
Ohms Law: v=iR
circuit is the SUM of the on one plate to the voltage
Cond​uctance (G) = 1/R = i/v in
terms of voltage VOLTAGES OR CURRENTS that difference between the two plates
Bran​ch: single element such as a
Step 3: are caused after solving for each i(t) = C(dv/dt)
voltage source or a resistor. INDEPE​NDENT source separately
solve for unknowns v(t) = 1/C [Integral: i(T)dT + v(t0))]
Node: point of connection between How to solve a superp​osition
Impo​rta​nt: T = time constant
two or more branches circuit
current flows from high to low energy (w) = .5Cv2
Loop: any closed path in a circuit. Step 1: Turn OFF ALL
(+ ==> -) Impo​rta​nt:
Kirc​hhoff’s current law (KCL): indepe​ndent sources except for
Supe​rNode Proper​ties VOLTAGE of a capacitor cannot
algebraic sum of currents entering ONE ==> find voltage or current
1. The voltage source inside the change instan​tan​eou​sly
a node (or a closed boundary) is Step 2: Repeat above for all other
supernode provides a constraint Capa​citors in Series: 1 / Ceq =
zero. indepe​ndent sources
equation needed to solve for the 1/C1 + 1/C2 + 1/Cn
Step 3: Add all voltag​es/​cur​rents
node voltages Capa​citors in Parall​el: Ceq = C1
together to find final value
2. Supernode had no voltage of its + C2 + Cn
Thev​enin's Theorem
own Indu​ctors
V(th) = V(oc)
3. Supernode requires the v = L(di / dt)
applic​ation of both KCL and KVL
Mesh Analysis

By Lini Published 8th May, 2015. Sponsored by CrosswordCheats.com

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 CircuitsFinal2014 Cheat Sheet
by Lini via cheatography.com/21323/cs/4073/

Chapter 6 - Capacitors and Chapter 7 - First Order Circuits Chapter 8 - Second Order Chapter 9 - Sinusoids and
Inductors (cont) (cont) Circuits (cont) Phasors

i = (1/L) [Integral: (v(T)dT + i(t0)] How to solve a STEP RESPONSE Source Free Parallel Circuits w = omega
energy (w) = .5Li2 OF AN RC CIRCUIT roots of charac​ter​istic euqation T = 2*pie / w
Impo​rta​nt: Step 1: Find initial capacitor s1,2 = -a (+-) sqrt(a2 + w02) freq = 1 / T (Hertz)
CURRENT through an inductor voltage v0 (t < 0) a = 1/(2RC) v(t) = v(m)*s​in(wt + theta)

cannot change instan​tan​eou​sly Step 2: Find final capacitor voltage w0 = 1/sqrt(LC) v1(t) = v(m)*s​in(wt)
v(in) (t > 0) 1 - Overdamped (a > w0) v2(t) = v(m)*s​in(wt + theta)
Indu​ctors in Series:
Step 3: Find T (time constant) (t > i(t) = Aes1t + Bes2t sin(A +- B) = sinAcosB +- cosAsinB
Leq = L1 + L2 + Ln
0) 2 - Critically Damped (a = w0) cos(A +- B) = cosAcosB +-
Indu​ctors in Parall​el:
Step response of an RL circuit sinAsinB
1/Leq = 1/L1 + 1/L2 + 1/Ln s1 = s2 = a
i(t) = i(infi​niti) + [ i(0) - i(infi​nit​y)]​e- Acos(wt) + Bsin(wt) = C*cos(wt -
i(t) = (A + Bt)e-at
t/T theta)
Chapter 7 - First Order Circuits 3 - Underd​amped (a < w0)
How to solve a STEP RESPONSE C = sqrt(A2 + B2)
i(t) = e-at​(Ac​os(​wd(t)) +
Source Free RC Circuits OF AN RL CIRCUIT theta = tan-1 (B/A)
Bsin(w​d(t)))
v(t) = V0 * e-t/T ==> T = RC Step 1: Find initial inductor current Complex Numbers
Step Response of a SERIES RLC
How to Solve SOURCE FREE RC i0 (t = 0) rectan​gular form: z = x + jy
Circuit
CIRCUITS Step 2: Find final final inductor polar: z = r < (theta)
1 - Overdamped (a > w0)
Step 1: Find v0 = V0 across the current i(inf) ==> (t > 0) expolar: z = rej(t​heta)
v(t) = Vs + Aes1t + Bes2t
capacitor Step 3: Find T (time constant) (t > sin: r (cos(t​heta) + j*sin(​theta))
0) 2 - Critically Damped (a = w0)
Step 2: Find T (time constant) z = x + jy
s1 = s2 = a
Source Free RL Circuits z1 = x1 + jy1 == r1 < (theta)1
v(t) = Vs + (A + Bt)e -at
i(t) = I0 * e-t/T ==> T = L / R Chapter 8 - Second Order z2 = x2 + jy2 == r2 < (theta)2
3 - Underd​amped (a < w0) oper​ati​ons
vr(t) = iR = I0 * Re-t/T Circuits
v(t) = Vs + e-at​(Ac​os(​wd(t)) + addition: z1 + z2 == (x1 + x2) + j*
How to Solve SOURCE FREE RL
Source Free RLC Circuits
CIRCUITS Bsin(w​d(t))) (y1 + y2)
v(0) = 1/C [integral ( idt = v0 ) from Step Response of a PARALLEL
Step 1: Find i(0) = I0 through the subtra​ction: z1 - z2 == (x1 - x2) + j*
0 to -infinity] RLC Circuit
inductor (y1 - y2)
i(0) = I(0)
Step 2: Find T (time constant) 1 - Overdamped (a > w0) multip​lic​ation: z1z2 == r1r2 <
Dete​rmining Dampness
Step response of an RC circuit i(t) = Is + Aes1t + Bes2t ((theta)1 + (theta)2)
(alpha) = R / (2L) division: z1/z2 == r1/r2 < ((theta)1 -
v(t) = V0 when t < 0 2 - Critically Damped (a = w0)
(omega w0) = 1 / sqrt(LC) (theta)2)
v(t) = Vs + (V0 - Vs)e-t/T when t > s1 = s2 = a
1 - Overdamped (a > w0) recipr​ocal: 1/z = 1/r < -(theta)
0 i(t) = Is + (A + Bt)e-at
i(t) = Aes1t + Bes2t square: sqrt(z) = sqrt(r) < (theta)/2
v = vn + vf ==> vn = V0e-t/T, vf = 3 - Underd​amped (a < w0)
2 - Critically Damped (a = w0)
Vs(1-e​ -t/T) i(t) = Is + e-at​(Ac​os(​wd(t)) +
s1 = s2 = a
OR Bsin(w​d(t)))
i(t) = (A + Bt)e-at
v(t) = v(infi​nity) + [( v(0) -
3 - Underd​amped (a < w0)
v(infi​nit​y)]​e -t/T
i(t) = e-at​(Ac​os(w0t) + Bsin(w0t))

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 CircuitsFinal2014 Cheat Sheet
by Lini via cheatography.com/21323/cs/4073/

Chapter 9 - Sinusoids and Phasors (cont)

complex conjugate: z* = x - jy = r < -(theta) = re -j(​theta)

real vs. imagin​ary
e+-j(​theta) = cos(theta) +- j*sin(​theta)
cos(theta) = REAL
jsin(t​heta) = IMAGINARY
volt​age​-cu​rrent relati​ons​hip
R v = Ri (time domain) v = RI (frequency domain)
L v = L(di/dt) (time) v = jwLI
C i = C(dv/dt) (time) V = I / jwC
Impe​dance vs. admitt​ance
R Z = R (imped​ance) Y = 1 / R
I Z = jwL Y = 1 / jwL
C Z = 1 / jwC Y = jwC
Complex Numbers with Impeda​nce
Z = R + jx = |Z| < (theta)
|Z| = sqrt(R2 + X2)
(theta) = tan-1(X / R)
R = |Z|*co​s(t​heta)
X = |Z|*si​n(t​heta)

Chapter 10 - AC Circuits

Anal​yzing AC Circuits
Step 1: Transform circuit to phasor or frequency domain
Step 2: Solve Using Circuit Techniques
Step 3: Transform phasor ==> time domain

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