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Corrosion Resistant Material Handbook 4E
Corrosion Resistant Material Handbook 4E
MATERIALS
HANDBOOK
Fourth Edition
Edited by
D.J. De Renzo
1098765432
The fourth edition of the Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook has been completely revised
and vastly expanded, based on the latest available technical data. This well-established and success-
ful reference volume, first published in 1966, will provide useful information which will enable
the concerned engineer or manager to cut losses due to corrosion by choosing suitable commer-
cially available corrosion resistant materials for a particular application. It would also be useful
to equipment designers and others as a valuable screening guide in choosing materials for equip-
ment having specific corrosion resistance requirements.
The great value of this outstanding reference work lies in the extensive cross-indexing of thousands
of substances. The more than 160 detailed tables in the book are arranged by types of corrosion
resistant materials. The Corrosive Material Index is organized by corrosive chemicals and other
corrosive substances. It refers the reader to specific recommendations in the tables. A separate
Trade Name Index and a Company Name and Address Listing are also included.
The various sections in the book cover selected categories of corrosion resistant materials, such
as synthetic resins and polymers; rubbers and elastomers; cements, mortars, and asphalt; ferrous
alloys; nonferrous metals and alloys; and glass, ceramics, and carbon-graphite. A separate section
presents a group of 13 tables which compare the anticorrosive merits of a cross section of com-
mercial engineering and construction materials essential to industry. The tables in the book repre-
sent selections taken directly from manufacturers’ literature made at no cost to, nor influence
from, the makers or distributors of these materials.
The vast amount of information contained in the book is evidenced at once in the extensive table
of contents and the exhaustive indexes.
vii
VIII Contents
3.8 Sulfur Concrete and Coating-Sulcon Systems. ...... ...... . . . . ....... . 384
3.9 Urethane Asphalt Membrane-Pennwalt. .......... ...... . . . . ....... . 387
3.10 Polyester and Epoxy Flooring Compounds-Atlas .... ...... . .. . ....... . 388
3.11 Various Cements-Atlas ..................... ...... . . . ....... .. . . 389
3.12 Various Mortars-Koch Engineering ............. ...... . . . . . ....... . . 391
3.13 Various Mortars-Pennwalt ................... ...... . . . ....... .. . . 399
3.14 Various Mortars-Sternson ................... ...... . . . . ....... 406
TRADENAMEINDEX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...897
S -Satisfactory
U - Unsatfsfactory
A special outdoor rigid polymer alloy, POLYMAN 507 retains more impact strength after UV exposure than any
competitive material according to UL recognition tests. It is rated UL Bulletin 94 V-O and carries 95°C continuous
use temperature rating. In addition it offers the good electrical properties and tensile strength needed for wiring
devices and small tool housings. A rigid polymer alloy, POLYMAN 509 exhibits low shrinkage (0.0045 in/in) and
combines a 212°F heat distortion temperature with a superior 430,000 flexural modulus to mold and hold strict
dimensional tolerances in critical fit applications such as printed circuit card holders. Its high arc track resistance
and compressive strength, along with a good balance of other properties, qualifies for applications in severe electri-
cal service such as junction boxes and connectors. POLYMAN 511 offers the highest impact strength (83.5 tensile
impact; 320 in lb Gardner impact) of the POLYMAN UL V-O rated rigid polymer alloys. It also has excellent UV
color stability along with the exceptional stiffness and flatness required for large business machine and consumer
appliance housings.
CLASS s
Linseed Oil Brine Solution
Mineral Oil Clorox
Motor Oil Citric Acid 2N
Nitric Acid, 40% Gasoline
Olive Oil Glacial Acetic Acid
Potassium Hydroxide, 50% Hexane
Sodium Carbonate Hydrochloric Acid, 30%
Sodium Hydroxide, 50% Hydrochloric Acid 2N
Sulphuric Acid, 97% lgepal
Ammonia, 30% Lactic Acid 20%
CLASS A CLASS P
Chloroform Acetone
Chromic Acid 30% Benzene
Ethyl Alcohol Carbon Bisulfide
Formaldehyde, 35% Carbon Tetrachloride
Formic Acid (Anhydrous) Ethyl Acetate
Glycol Methyl Ethyl Ketone
Isopropyl Alcohol Toluene
Oxalic Acid 50% Xylene
Phosphoric Acid, 85%
Silicone Oil
Turpentine
CELCON is a registered trademark of the Celanese Corporation used for its crystalline acetal copolymer based on
trioxane. CELCON acetal copolymer can be injection molded, blow molded, extruded, rotationally cast and easily
machined. CELCON acetal copolymer offers high mechanical strength, stiffness, toughness, and practical impact
strength through broad ranges of temperature and environment.
M25-01 2.5 Excellent processability in extrusion. Rod, tube, sheet, slab, wire coating
Not lubricated.
M2504 2.5 Good processability for injection mold- Injection molded parts requiring op
ing in easy-to-fill molds. Possesses gre- timum toughness and elongation.
ater toughness and elongation than
materials with 9.0 melt index. Same as
M25-01 except that it is internally lubri-
cated.
M90-04 9.0 Excellent moldability due to high flow General injection molding.
characteristics and stabtlity in proces-
sing High surface gloss and good di-
mensional stability. Internally lubri-
cated.
M90-08 9.0 Ultraviolet stabilized. Good mainte- Injection molded seasonal outdoor ap-
nance of physical properties and resis- plications.
tance to chalking in outdoor exposures.
M270-04 27.0 Highest flow. Superior moldability for H.igh speed injection molding for multi-
hard to fill molds with somewhat less cavity parts.
toughness than M90. Internally lubri-
cated.
M90-07 - Celcon color Concentrates are provided To obtain body colored injection molded
in a wide range of standard colors for or extruded products at cost savings.
letdown into natural Celcon via extru-
sion or screw injection molding
machines.
GC-25A 2.5 M90 Resin reinforced with 25% by Windshield wiper pivots, gears, pulleys
weight of glass fibers together with a and other parts requrring the maximum
unique coupling agent. Provides in- in stiffness and strength.
creased stiffness, tensile strength and
creep resistance.
(continued)
4 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
ORGANIC CHEMICALS
5% Acetic Acid 6 3: -1 -15 0.3 1.05 N.C.
12 0.6 -16 0.2 1.13 N.C.
Acetone 6 73 -4 -20 0.7 3.60 N.C.
12 73 -17 -48 1.6 3.68 N.C.
6 120 -19 -48 2.1 4.45 N.C.
Aniline 6 180 -26 -73 4.8 12.1 Reddish
Tint
Benzene 6 120 -17 -43 1.8 3.93 N.C.
Carbon Tetrachloride 6 73 -1 -4 0.2 0.86 N.C.
12 73 2 -6 0.1 1.39 N.C.
120 -11 -32 1.2 5.23 N.C.
10% Citric Acid : 73 0 -12 0.3 0.74 N.C.
12 73 3 -10 0.2 1.93 N.C.
Diethyl Ether 6 73 -15 -26 1.1 2.09 N.C.
Dimethyl Formamide 6 180 -19 -63 3.1 7.7 N.C.
Ethyl Acetate 6 73 -5 -20 0.6 3.62 N.C.
12 73 -17 -46 1.6 4.25 N.C.
6 120 -22 -50 2.1 5.23 N.C.
(continued)
Synthetic Resins and Polymers 5
1. Type 1 TenslIe bars used nnthese tests measure 8!5 x % x ‘/ Inches. rutlal yleld strength IS 8800. tenslle modulus 410,000. weight 13 grams
2 Cowsts of 0 5 grams of an alkyl sulfonate + 0 20 grams of trisodlum phosphate per liter of water
3 X = Not recommended, N C. = No Change; DISC = Dlscoloratlon. SI DISC = Slight discoloration
TABLE 1.4: ACRYLIC RESINS-ROHM AND HAAS 0,
PLEXIGLAS is the registered trademark for acrylic plastic sheet produced by Rohm and Haas Company. In its natural form, PLEXIGLAS acrylic sheet is an op- 2
q
tically clear, transparent, lightweight material having outstanding weatherability, high impact resistance, good chemical resistance, and excellent thermoformabil- o
ity and machinability. I.
2
Chemical Resistance of PLEXIGLAS Sheet*
PROPERTY
1 Thickness
1 inches 1 .0250
CHEMICAL RESISTANCE 0543 ’
WEIGHT GAIN AFTER 7 DAYS IMMERSION AT 77°F. %
(WEIGHT GAIN OR LOSS OF 1% OR LESS IS CONSIDERED NEGLIGIBLE)
CONCEN-
COMPOUND CLASS NAME TYPE TRATION. %
(continued)
TABLE 1.4: ACRYLIC RESINS-ROHM AND HAAS (continued)
COMMERCIAL PRODUCTS Cottonseed 011 Edrble Grade er0.1 -rO.l to.1 - 0.1
Aniline DL DL 12R-S - DL
Benzene DL DL 0.1 DL
(continued)
TABLE 1.4: ACRYLIC RESINS-ROHM AND HAAS (continued) 0
3
TYPE OF ACRYLIC PLASTICS ?
z.
Plextglas G s
CONCEN- II UVA. Plextglas Plexrglas Plexrglas Plexrglas 4
COMPOUND CLASS NAME TYPE TRATION. % II-UVT. G-UVT K 55 IA UVA MC 2
2
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS Ethylene Dichlorrde DL DL R-S DL DL s
P-Ethylhexyl Sebacate 0.1
q.o.1 s-o.1 co.1 - $
Heptane 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 ?
5’
lsooctane -rO.l co.1 <O.l - 0.1 z
x
Isopropyl Alcohol 99 -0.1 C %
0.1 0.1 -0.2
Methyl Alcohol 5.5s 5.8s 14s - A 8
8
Phenol (Aqueous) 5 A-C A-C A-C A-C A h
Toluene DL DL 0.0 DL DL
Chemical Resistance Code: A = Attacked
C = Crazed
0 = Discolored
DL = Dlssolved
E = Edge Swellmg
R = Rubbery
S = Swollen
*Weight change is affected by the thickness of the material. Values given are for the thickness noted in the column heading.
*“Although carbon tetrachloride causes negligible weight change in contact with PLEXIGLAS sheet, it does cause optical distortion of the surface. Carbon tetrachloride should not be
used with PLEXIGLAS.
TABLE 1.5: ACRYLIC RESIN-SOHIO CHEMICAL
HYDROCARBONS ESTERS
Benzene 73123 None Butyl Acetate 73123 None
100138 None 100/38 None
Toluene 73123 None Cellosolve Acetate 73123 None
100138 None 100138 None
Xylene 73123 None Ethyl Acetate 73123 None
100/38 None 100138 Frosted, Softened
TENITE esters are cellulose derivatives of acetate, butyrate, and propionate. Tenite plastics for molding and extrusion are supplied in the form of pellets. These
thermoplastic resins have good processability and finished articles may be resoftened by heat and reshaped by the application of suitable forces.
Material Tested
I Percent Increase l- Observed Condition
Material Tested
Tim0 l- Percent Increase -r Obsmad Condition
hicknes! of Plastic Exposed Wai#n licknen of Plastic
(continued)
TABLE 1.6: CELLULOSE ACETATES, BUTVRATES, PROPIONATES-EASTMAN CHEMICAL (continued)
Vndtcotu that material ir generally unr0rirfacrar-y Jar YIC in conmcr with TENITE Acetalc under thr condimnr of rhu
rc,,. (continued)
TABLE 1.6: CELLULOSE ACETATES, BUTYRATES, PROPIONATES-EASTMAN CHEMICAL (continued)
Ammonrum Chloride, I month 1.43 0.36 Unchanged Potassium Sulfate, sohd 1 year 0.06 0.40 Unchanged
saturated solution Potassium Sulfate, 10% I year 2.60 1 46 Unchanged
Ammonium Nitrate, sohd I week 0.14 008 Unchanged Srlver Nitrate, 3% 2 days 1.97 0.61 Slightly softened
Ammonium Nitrate, 10% 1 week 2.91 156 Unchanged Sodium Bicarbonate, solid 2 days 2.96 1.60 Unchanged
Ammonium Sulfate, solid 1 year 0.0 i 055 Unchanged Sodium Bisulfrte, 20% 1 week 4.03 2.37 Unchanged
Ammonium Sulfate, 16% 1 year 3.66 1.64 Unchanged
(continued)
TABLE 1.6: CELLULOSE ACETATES, BUTYRATES, PROPIONATES-EASTMAN CHEMICAL (continued)
Miscellaneous
Materiel Tested
Chemicals,
Time
EXpOpd Wei&1
,creas.?
rhicknm 5
Observed Condition
of Plastic
Material Te~ed
l- Time
EXPOred
Obreweci Condition
of P1asttc
I
Aeronautical and Automotive Items
Gasolines, Lemon 21days 0.26 0 09 Unchanged
Amoco Regular I year -2 80 -0.19 Stained ltght yellow Menthol, 50% I” n-Butanol 21days 004 0 19 Unchanged
Amoco Premium I year -2 92 -0 08 Unchanged Palmarosa 21days 0 98 0 51 Unc’ianged
Aviation, 100 Octane I year -4.41 -1 12 Slighrly stained Pennyroyal 21days 1.03 062 Unchanged
(Standard Oil Company) Spea!mtnt 71jays Unchanged
(continued)
TABLE 1.6: CELLULOSE ACETATES, BUTYRATES, PROPIONATES-EASTMAN CHEMICAL (continued)
Material Tsned
Time Percent IncreaLe Observed Condition
Material Tested
Time T Percent bxreaLe l- Observed Condition
EXpored Wei&t Thickness of Plastic EXpoad of Plastic
Wei$t 1hickne! LI
(continued)
TABLE 1.6: CELLULOSE ACETATES, BUTYRATES, PROPIONATES-EASTMAN CHEMICAL (continued)
*Indarer rhor marenal is~encrolly unkvisfacrory for YIC tn conr~cr with TENITE Acrurc under rhr condtrlonr of rhrl
,111.
(continued)
TABLE 1.6: CELLULOSE ACETATES, BUTYRATES, PROPIONATES-EASTMAN CHEMICAL (continued)
Time Percmt increase Observed Condition Time Percent Increase Observed Condition
Material Tested Material Tested
Enpored Wei& Thickness of Plastic EXpored Weight hicknw of Plastic
Time Percent Increase Observed Condrtion Time Percent Increase Observed Condaion
Material Tested Material Tested
Exposed Werght Thickness
of Plastic Exposed - Weight Thickness
of Plastic
Vndicarcr rhot material isgencr4lly unsatir/ncrory for use in conr4cr wth TENITE Burpore under the condrrionr o/this
ICII. (continued)
TABLE 1.6: CELLULOSE ACETATES, BUTYRATES, PROPIONATES-EASTMAN CHEMICAL (continued)
Time Percent Increase Observed Condition Tnme Percent Increase Observed Condition
Mearia Tened Material Tested
EvJ=-t of Plastic Exposed of Plastic
Wei&t Thickness Weight Thickness
(continued)
TABLE 1.6: CELLULOSE ACETATES, BUTYRATES, PROPIONATES-EASTMAN CHEMICAL (continued)
I
Tume Percent Increase Time Percent Increase Obwved Condttion
Material Tested Material Tested
Exposed Exposed of Plastic
Weight 1rh,cknes Weight Thickness
Calctum Chloride, 2.5% 1 year 1 49 0 88 Unchanged Sadlum Acetare, 3% 3 days (lOOoF) 1 30 Unchanged
Calcwm Chloride, 40% 2 months 0 44 0 00 Unchanged S&urn Aluminum Sulfate, solid 1 week 1 64 0.44 Unchanged
Calcium Hypochlonte. 6% 1 year 6 00 -3 75 Softened and cracked Sodium Bicarbonate. 2 5% 2 days 1 68 0 53 Unchanged
Calcwm Hypochlorlte, 30% 13 days 0 77 0 00 Unchanged Sodturn Bwlfate. solId 1 week (100°F. 010 Unchanged
Calcwm Phosphate, 1 year 1.73 0 54 Unchanged 80XR H.)
Monobaw, salld Sodium Bulfate, 1% 3 days (lOOoF) 1.25 Unchanged
Calwm Phosphate, Dlbaslc, solld 1 year -0 58 0 58 Unchanged Sodium Blsulflte, 20% 1 week 2.14 0 80 Unchanged
Calcium Phosphate, lrlbaslc, solid 1 year -0 63 0 60 Unchanged Sodium Borate, 2 5% 2 days 1 53 0.52 Unchanged
Calcwm Sulfate (Gypsum). soled I year -0 10 0.55 Unchanged Sodium Carbonate. solid 1 week 1100°F. 3 90 Unchanged
copper Sulfate (CuprIcI, 10% 2 months 1 67 0 64 Unchanged 80% R H.)
Copper Sulfate. saturated solution 2 months 1 66 0 93 Unchanged Sodium Carbonate. 2 5% 1 year 1 28 0 93 Unchanged
Sodium Carbonate. 6% 3 days (lOOoF) 118 Unchanged
Cuprous Chloride, solld 1 week 1 50 i Unchanged
Ferric Ammomum Sulfate, solid 1 week (lOOoF, 025 Unchanged Sodturn Carbonate. 10% 1 year Unchanged
80% R H 1 Sodium Chlorlda, 2 54L 1 year Unchailged
Ferric Chloride. 5% 2 months 2 00 0 75 Unchanged Sodium Chloride, 10% I year 1 33 0 54 Unchanged
Few Chloride, 2G?h 2 months 1 73 0 96 Unchanged Sodium Chloride. saturated solution 2 months 0 79 0 31 Unchanged
Ferric Chloride. 40% 2 months 1 34 043 Unchanged Sodurn Chloride. saturated soiutlon 2 months (140°F) 0 89 0 89 Unchanged
Fernc Chloride, saturated solution 1 month 0 88 0 30 Unchanged Sodium Chromate, 1 week 0 57 0 20 Unchanged
Llthwm Bromide, solid 1 week -0 68 -0 04 Unchanged saturated solution
Ltrhlum Bromide. 50% 1 week -0 04 0.00 Unchanged Sodium Cyanide, 10% 2 months 1 02 0 28 Unchanged
Magnesum Carbonate, 2 5% 2 days 155 1 00 Unchanged Sodwm Cyantde. saturated solution 2 months -0 18 -0 44 Unchanged
Potasswm Aluminum Sulfate 4 months l1OO”F 1.94 084 Unchanged Sodium Ferrocyanlde, solId 1 week 0 84 Unchanged
(alum). 21% Sodium Fluoride. 4% 1 month 245 Unchanged
Potawm Brcmlde. 3% 3 days (100°F) 1.30 Unchanged Sodium Hypochlorlte, 30% 13 days 111 -2 09 Unchanged
Potasswm Chloride, solId 1 year 0 09 0.47 Unchanged Sodium NItrate, solld 2 months 0 08 0 12 Unchanged
Potassium Chloride, 10% 1 year 1 66 0 44 Unchanged Sodium Nltrate, 10% 1 year 1 23 0 42 Unchanged
3otassium Chrome Alum. 10% 3 days (100°F) 1 33 Unchanged Sodiurr N~rrafe, saturated soiut1on 2 months 0 92 0 39 Unchanged
3otasswm Cyanide. 10% 2 months 1 40 0 32 Shghtly discolored (brown) Sodium S~hcate. solid 2 months 0 30 0 20 Unchanged
(continued)
TABLE 1.6: CELLULOSE ACETATES, BUTYRATES, PROPIONATES-EASTMAN CHEMICAL (continued)
Material fasted
Time -r Percent I “crease l- Observed Condition
Material Tested
Time Percent Increase Observed Condition
Expnred of Plastic Exposed of Plastic
Weight thickne! Weight Thickness
(continued)
TABLE 1.6: CELLULOSE ACETATES, BUTYRATES, PROPIONATES-EASTMAN CHEMICAL (continued)
Time Percent Increase Observed Condition Time Percent Increase Observed Condition
Material Tatted Matenal Tested of Plastic
EXPOrag of Plastic ExP=d Weight Thickness
Weight Thickness
allowed to stand 3 days passed torsmnal NO.OX-IO Grease 3 days (14O’F) Slightly stamed
(continued)
TABLE 1.6: CELLULOSE ACETATES, BUTYRATES, PROPIONATES-EASTMAN CHEMICAL (continued)
Time l- Percent Increase -r Observed Cnndltion Tame Percent Increase Observed Candlt,on
Exposed of Plastic Exposed of Planic
Weight hicknes Weight Thickness
Dart Furniture Polish (Kress) I days Very slightly stalned Mayonnaise 3 days Unchanged
Dole Frozen Pineapple Juice week 1.45 0 54 Unchanged Milk 3 days Unchanged
Concentrate
lbtdrcarer rhm morerlol rsgrnrrally unror~sf~crory for USCin cmmct wrrh TENITE Buryrrrre under rhr condirmnr of thtr
(continued)
*cl,.
TABLE 1.6: CELLULOSE ACETATES, BUTYRATES, PROPIONATES-EASTMAN CHEMICAL (continued)
Material Tested
TlWX T Percent InneaSe -I- Observed Condition
of Plastic Materml Tested
Tbme
Exposed
-r Percent Increase Observed Condition
of Plastic
Exposed Wei*t hickne Weight ‘hickner
Servac Detergent 1 year 104 -0.24 Unchanged ‘Carboseal Gas Am-leak Compot rnd. :2 months (100°F) 26.90 23 20 Softened, swollen, and stalned
Stanley Floor Cleaner 1 week 1.8 0.06 Unchanged liqwd
Stokely’s Orange Julce 1 week 1.66 0.69 Unchanged ‘Carboseal Gas Anti-leak Compo; md, :! months (1OO’Fl 9.56 8.80 Slightly statned
Temp Cleaner 1 dw Unchanged vapor
Tide Detergent, 5% 2 months 1.58 0 20 Unchanged Caulkmg Compound I week 0 97 0 80 Unchanged
(Average of five brands)
-
(continued)
TABLE 1.6: CELLULOSE ACETATES, BUTYRATES, PROPIONATES-EASTMAN CHEMICAL (continued)
(continued)
TABLE 1.6: CELLULOSE ACETATES, BUTYRATES, PROPIONATES-EASTMAN CHEMICAL (continued)
(continued) %
TABLE 1.6: CELLULOSE ACETATES, BUTYRATES, PROPIONATES-EASTMAN CHEMICAL (continued)
Slightly softened
Dissolved
Sligfwy swoiie”
Dissolved
Gasoline,
““changed
‘Amoco Premum 1 year 6.28 12.16 swo,ien. *avy svrface
‘Carbon dlsul‘lde Softened, swoilen Amoco Regular 1 year 2 25 5.38 Brownish yellow
‘Carbon tetrachlorlde Softened. swolien ‘Esso Prenvum I year 4.81 5.33 Pmk, wollen, and warped
‘Chioroform Snftened, wolien Esso Regular 1 year 2.44 5.08 Dark yellow
C,trtc acid, IO’. Vnchangrd
‘Shell High-Test 1 year 4.81 7.03 P,nk and warped
Citric acid (tablets1 1 month Upchanged
*Shell Regular 1 year 3.58 5.48 Yellow. slightly warped
I122 F)
‘Texaco Regular i year 3.22 6.91 Yellow
‘Ethyl acetate D’ssolved ‘Texaco “Sky Ch,ef” 1 year 6 96 23.25 Swollen and pink
‘Ethyl aicohol. 50% Softened. swolie”
Ink,
‘Eulyi aicohoi. 95% Softened. swoiie”
Quick drymg Blue No. 353; 18 days 2.2 -5.6
Ethylene giycol Unchanged
Formulab. Inc.
‘Ethylene g,yco, monoethyl Dissolved
*Malath,on, 50% spray diluted 1 week 9.36 8.15 Softened, swollen. surface
ether (EKTASOLVE” EEI
wth water to 0.5% Malathion p,tted and cloudy when wet
*Ethylene glycol monomethyl ether Dissolved
011:
acetate (EKTASOLYE ERA Acetate1
Bard& 011 1 week -0.92
‘Formaldehyde. 35% Softened. swoIIe11
(122 Fl
‘Gasolme, Regular Dark yellow
Bardah, 011 4 weeks -196
Glycerin “n:ha”ged
,122 F)
tieptane “nchanged
Crude oil I year Unchanged
‘Hydrochlor,c acid. 10% Dlsmteglated
Purol HD SAE 10 motor 011 2 months -0 10 ““changed
Hydrogen peroxide, 3% I year Unchanged
6 months -030
Methanol. 5% 1 year Unchanged
Texaco Co =50 011 1692 low 1 week -2.04 0.03
‘Methanol, 100% i year Dlssoived
temperature oil, MIL-L-644B (122’F)
‘Methyl ethyl ketone D’ssoived
Texaco Co =50 011 1692 low 4 necks -3.38 -0.64
*Methyl lsoamyl ketone Dlssnlved
temperature 01,. MIL-L-6440 (122-F)
‘Nitric acid 1 year DISIntegrated
Sachet powder 1 month Unchanged
Oie~c acid 1 year ““changed
(122’F)
Dzone. 5-l 5 pphm 45 days Unchanged
Wcks decongestant 2 days Badiy stained. sottened
,o”tdoars)
(122°F)
ozone. 70 pphm 45 days ““changed
(12O’F)
The attached list is a compilation of chemical resistance data from three CPVC PIPE/FITTINGS CKEMICAL RESISTANCE
company company Company
companies involved in the CPVC pipe, fittings and accessories market. Chemical A B C
739 1859
Since each company has used a different scheme to report their findings,
Acetaldehyde u NR
the following key will be needed to interpret the data. Acetate Solvents, Crude u
Acetate Solvents, Put-e U
Acetic Acid, 10% R
Acetic Acid, 20% S R NR
Acetic Acid, 50% NR
Company A - E - Excellent to operating limit of material
Acetic Acid, 80% L R NR
Acetic Acid, Glacial L NR NR
G- Excellent to 80'F; Good to maximum operating limit of
Acetic Anhydride IJ
material
Acetone u NR NR
Acrylonitrile NR NR
S- Good to BO'F.
Adipic Acid c R R
Ally1 Alcohol S
L- Limited; may be used under certain conditions
Ally1 Chloride U
AlUUl E R R
u- Unsatisfactory; not recommended
Aluminum Chloride E R R
Aluminum Fluoride E
Maximum operating limit is 18O'F for pressure applications;
Aluminum Hydroxide E R R
Aluminum Oxychloride E
225'F for "on-pressure applications
Aluminum Nitrate E R R
Aluminum Sulfate E R R
Punaonia, Aqueous R NR
Company B - 1 - Good for 200°F (93°C)
Ammonia, Dry Gas E R R
2 - Good for 185'F (85'0 Ammonia, Liquid E
Anrnonium Bifluoride E R R
3 - Good for 140'F (6O'C) Anaoonium Carbonate E
Ammonium Chloride E R R
4 - Good for 70°F (21%) Ammonium Fluoride, 25% E
Ammonium Hydroxide E R R
Q - Questionable Arrmonim Hetaphosphete E
Anxnonium Nitrate E R R
NR - Not Recommended Anrnonium Persulfate E R NR
Anrnonium Phosphate E
Anreonium Sulfate E R R
Company c - R - Recommended Anmoniom Sulfide E
Atnaonium Thiocyanate E
NR - Not Recommended Amy1 Acetate IJ
Amy1 Alcohol S R ti?
R* - Reconrmended to 21O'F Amy1 Chloride U
Aniline II NR NR
Aniline Chlorohydrate U
Aniline Hydrochloride u
Anthraquinone E
Anthrequinone Sulfonic Acid E
Antimony Trichloride e
Aqua Regia L 9 R NR
Arsenic Acid E 1 R R
Arylsulfonic Acid L
Asphalt E
Barium Carbonate E
Barium Chloride E 1
(continued)
TABLE 1.7: CHLORINATED POLYVINYL CHLORIDE PIPE AND FITTINGS-B.F. GOODRICH (continued)
canpany Cwpany Company canpany company canpany
A B C A B C
Chemical Chemical
73Q 185Q 73Q 185Q
Product Name
Plastfc Steel Putty
Plastic Steel Lfqurd
1
Piastrc Steel 5-Mtn Putty VG VG / U 1 VG / U VG 1 VG 1 VG
/ Alumtnum Puttv VG / VG / VG 1 VG / F 1 VG 1 VG 1 U
/ Alumfnum Lrqutd VG VG VG j VG F / VG ~ VG F
VG i VG F ’ VG F ’ F / VG VG
p VG / VG VG U F VG ’ VG VG
VG F i VG VG U VG VG VG
1 Carbrde Putty VG / VG t VG F VG VG VG I VG
1 Wear Reststant Puttv VG F VG U F / VG VG VG
/ Wear Resstant Lraurd VG F ‘VG’F F VG j VG VG
Ceramfc Wear Compound VG F F F U F / VG j VG
Tile Adhesrve VG F F F U F / VG i VG
Pump Repour Compound VG VG VG / VG F VG VG ] VG
Hfqh Temp Wear ResIstant Putty VG / VG / VG 1 VG / VG 1 VG 1 VG 1 VG
HrahTemp Ceromfc Puttv VG / VG I VG 1 VG / VG / VG 1 VG 1 VG
BONDSTRAND Series 1200 and Series 1600 are unlined epoxy products produced by the filament-winding process. Series 1200 piping offers the user a locked
Q-ring joint for quick, reliable joining of either suspended or buried pipe systems, even under adverse weather conditions. For those users who prefer the rugged
strenqth and performance of the QUICK-LOCK@ adhesive bonded joint, Ameron offers Series 1600 piping with its heavier pipe walls, longer spans and greater
ring stiffness..
Chemtcal Solution C
1,
Chemical Solution oncen- -L
.3t10lY
--“F ‘C “F “C “F C “F “C
Acetic Acid 150 66 Chloroform NR NR Formaldehyde 75 24 w Magnewm NItrate 200 93
Acrylic Acid NR NR Chlowated Wale? I-50 ppn 150 66 ~ Gasoi~ne 150 66 NR Maleic AnhydrIde 150 66 NR
Air 210 99 Chlorinated Water >50 pprr NR VR Glycerin 210 99 rr Mefhyl Alcohoi 1w 38 v
A,“rnl”“rn Potassium Sulfa te 210 99 Chrome ACIC O-IO% NR UR Green Liquor (paper) 100 38 Y Methyl Chlor,de NR \IR
klum~num Chloride 210 99 C~tw Acid 210 99 r/ Heptane 150 66 NR Methyl Ethyl Ketone 100 36
Aluminum Nitrate 200 93 Copper Chlwde 2w 93 w Hexane 100 36 NR Methyl lsobutyl Ketone 100 38 NR
Alumuum Sulfate 210 99 Copper N~tra:e 200 93 _ Hydraulic 011s 200 93 NR Methylene Chloride NR \1R
Ammonla Gas Dry 150 66 Copper Sulfa% 210 99 V Hydrobromlc Aced NR 4R Mineral Oil 210 99 NR
Ammonium Chloride 120 49 Crude Oil (sweet 8 sour) 210 99 NR Hydrochloric Acid %or IX 75 24 v Monochlorobenzene 1W 36 NR
Ammomum Phosphate 150 66 Detergents 120 49 I/ Hydrofluoric Acid NR JR Natural Gas 210 99 NR
Ammontum Sulfate 210 99 D~ailylpnthalate 120 49 - Hydrofluosillc Acid O-25 NR ilR Nickel Chloride 210 99 v
Ammonium Nitrate 210 99 0-Dichlorobe?zene 150 66 NR Hydrogen Chiortde Gas 150 66 NR Nlckei N~frale 160 62 w
Al?lllX? 75 24 Diesel Fuei 200 93 NR Hydrogen Peroxide O-30 NR JR Nickel Suitate 210 99 w
Barium Chloride 200 93 Diethylene Tr,anine NR VR Hydrogen Sulllde 150 66 r* N,,ric Acid’?’ 1.10% 75 24 w
Benzene 120 49 D,prooylene G’yco! 150 66 1/ lodlne (Sal @ R T) 120 43 v NI!~ Aod 10.70% NR QR
Black Liquor (paper mfg 1 150 66 Ethyl Acetate 120 49 V Isopropyl Alcohol 120 43 1/ Oil (crude) 210 99 NR
BornAcid 200 93 Ethyl Acrylatf 120 49 V Jet Fuel 200 93 NR Ole~c Acid 2cc 33 NR
Bromine Water 150 66 Ethyl Alcoho, 100 38 r/ Kerosene 210 99 NR Perchloric Acld”l 0.70% 75 24 NR
Calctum Chlonde 210 99 Ethyl Benzene 100 38 NR Lactic Acio 170 77 NR Perchlowthylene 100 36 NR
Calcium Hypochlonte’ 150 66 Ethy: Chloride NR \iR Latex Solulions 210 99 _ Phenol <l% 75 24 NR
Calaum Nitrate 200 93 Ethyl Ether 100 36 NR Lead Nitrale 170 77 lr >I% NR \lR
Calcum Sulfate 200 93 Ethylene Dlch,ortde NR \iR Linseed 011 200 93 NR Phosphoric Acid 0.2% 1W 38
Carbon Tetrachlorzde 150 66 Fatty Acids 100 36 NR L,thum Hydroxide 150 66 _ !5-50% 75 24
Chloroacellc Acid-Glac\a NR YR Ferric Nitrate 150 66 V Magnewm Chloride 210 39 v Polyvinyl Alcohol Em&Ion 103 38 _
Chlorobenzene 75 24 Femc Sulfate 210 39 - Magnestufr HyOroxlde 210 39 rr Potaswm Chlonde 210 99 I/
- - - - - - -
I on- lued)
TABLE 1.9: EPOXY PIPE AND FITTINGS-AMERON (continued)
Sodurn Cyanide
-B
SL
bll
Chemical
Tanmc Acld
Soiut~on Chemvzal
;.,.;.~
Solution Concen- Temperature Gasket
I I I I
Potaw~m Fluortde 0.30% 150 66
1
S&urn Hydroxide .Tartaric Acid
“‘Where no concentration is shown, 4
Potassium Hydroxide 0.50% 1cO 36 Tetrachlorwthylene recommendations apply to any concentration 8
Potaswm Nitrate 210 99 up to 100% or to saturatton. 9.
Toluene
Polaswm Sulfate 210 99 Tr,chlorcethylene %enes 5000 pipe can be expected to provide 9
T
Propylene Glycol 210 ’ 99
a ionger service life in thts environment.
Trlethanolam!ne v
‘J’General fluid compatibility of standard polymer $
Sodturn Bromide 210 99 Vinegar rr
used in O-ring gasket for Bondstrand Series P
SDd~um Blsulfate 200 93 Water (dlslllied or delorwed: i,
1200 piping. 6’
w
Sodium Carbonate c-10% 210 99 water (salt)“’ Y Vor water contaminated with oil or fuel, standard
x
0.50% 150 66 Water (fresh)“’ v polymer provides suitable performance at
3
temperatures up to 180°F (82°C).
S&urn Chlorate”’ 210 99 Xylene NR 3
ti Standard Gasket OK
210 99 Ztnc Chloilde ,,
NR Not Recommended 8
*
I - Not Tested
DURCON 6 js a solid, cast thermosetting epoxy which is silica filled. The following is a list of typical applications for DIJRCON 6.
Acetic Acid, 7O?, 200°F Butvric Acid, 200F Ferric Chloride, 150. F Nickel Chloride, 200 F Sodium Thiosulfate, 200~ F
Acetic Acid, Glacial, 200-F Calcium Chlorate. 150 F Ferric Nitrate, 2OO’F Nickel Sulfate, 2OO’F Stannic Chloride. 200 F
Acetone, boiling Calcium Chloride. 200 F Ferric Sulfate, 200cF Nitric Acid, IO%. 175-F Sulfite Liquors. I5O’F
Acetyl Chloride, boiling Carbon Tetrachloride, boiling Formaldehvde, boiling Nitiic Acid, 5O%, ambient Sulfur Chloride. 15O.F
Alcohol, 175’F Chloracetic 14cid . 125‘F Formic Acid, boiling Nitrobenzene, 150-F Sulfuric Acid, 305, 200 F
Alum, 2OO’F Chlorinated \Vater, IFiO’F Hydrobromic Acid, 40$. 200’F Oleic Acid, 2OO’F Sulfuric Acid, ‘X-r, 150-F
Aluminum Chloride, 2@IcF Chlorine Dioxide. 150 F Hydrochloric Acid, IO’?, 200F Oxalic Acid, 200’F Sulfuric Acid, PO%, 125 F
Ammonium Bisulfite, 150’F Chlorine, IYet, 150 F Hydrochloric Acid, 205, 200 F Perchloroethylene, 200-F Tannic Acid, 2&I F
Ammonium Chloride, 200-F Chlorobenzene, 175-F Hydrochloric Acid, 305, 2OQ’F Phenol, 125-F Tartaric Acid, 200-F
Ammonium Sulfate, 200’F Chromic Acid, 305, ambient Hydrochloric Acid, cont.. boiling Phosphoric Acid, 85%, 2OO’F Thiophenol, 200 F
Amy1 Acetate, 2OO’F Citric Acid, 2OO’F Hydrocyanic Acid, 125’F Phosphorous Oxychloride, 150’F Toluene, 175’ F
Amy1 Alcohol, 175’F Copper Sulfate, 2OO’F Hypochlorous Acid, 125-F Phthallc Acid, 2OO’F Trichloroacetic Acid. 125’F
Amy1 Chloride, 200cF Cupric Chloride, 200 F Lactic Acid, 200-F Potassium Nitrate, 200’F Trichloroethylene, boiling
Aniline, 15O’F Dichlorobutane, 2OO’F .Ilagnesium Chloride, 2OO’F Rayon Spin Bath, 200-F Urea, 200F
Anod zing Solutions, 200 F Dimethyl Formamide, 200-F Magnesium Sulfate. 200’ F Sea RBter, 200-F L’inegar, 200” F
Antimony Trichloride, 150-F Diethyl Sulfate, 200°F ?rlaleic Acid, 200 F Sodium Bicarbonate, l’i5’F Water, boiling
Benz;Idehyde, 200. F Ethyl Alcohol, boiling Malic Acid. 200 F Sodium Bisulfate. 200 F Zinc Chloride, 200’F
Benzene, boiling Ethyl Ether, boiling Mercuric Chloride, 200 F Sodium Chloride, 200 F Zinc Sulfate, 200’F
Benzene Hexachloride, I75* F Ethyl Nitrate, boiling hletal Plating Solutions, 150-F Sodium Nitrate. 200 F
Black Liquor, 200~F Ethylene Dichloride, 150 F hlethyl Alcohol. boiling Sodium Perchlolate, 100 F
Brine, 200-F Fatty Acids, 2OO’F Methyl Ethyl Ketone, boiling Sodium Sulfate. 200 F
Synthetic Resins and Polymers 35
These amine-cured EPON resin coatings are unique because they cure at room temperature. They are outstanding
for their resistance to heat, solvents, salt water, and most other corrosive materials, and have notable resistance to
mechanical shock and abrasion. EPON resin coatings exhibit excellent adhesion and flexibility over wood,.ferrous
and nonferrous metals, and green or dry concrete. These coatings have outstanding weatherability and the high solids
content which is possible at application viscosity.
Applications for these coatings are as finishes for wood, metal, and concrete in marine and other severely corrosive
environment, as chemical resistant finishes for installed equipment where high-temperature baking is impractical.
Coating formulations must be supplied as two-package systems, i.e., the curing agent packaged separately from the
base component containing the EPON resin. The usable working life is a 10 to 15 hour period after the curing agent
is added.
A high degree of cure is obtained overnight, but about five to seven days are required for maximum chemical and
solvent resistance properties to develop. More rapid cures can be obtained by forcedrying or baking. The most im-
portant reaction involves the crosslinking of the EPON resin with the polyfunctional amine curing agent. The epoxy
coating systems referred to below are as follows:
System 1: A fourcoat Svstembased on two coats of a long oil linseed ester red lead
primer Plus two Coats of a long oil soya ester topcoat for a total film
thickness of 6 to 6 mils.
SWem 2: A fourcoat swtem based on two coats of EPON resin lOOl/EPON curing
agent C-l 11 red lead primer plus two coats of the EPON resin 1001/C-l 11
topcoat for a total film thickness of 6 to 6 mils.
Swtem 3: A four-coat system based on two coats of EPON resin lOOl/EPON curing
agent V-15 red lead primer plus two coats of the EPON resin 1001/V-15
topcoat for a total film thickness of 6 to 6 mils.
System 4: A two-coat n/stem based on EPON resin 815/EPON curing agent H-2 ap-
plied to a total film thickness of 8 to 10 mils.
Coating Systems
1” 2 3 4
Oxidizing Agents
Hydrogen peroxide, 30% NR NR NR NR
Sodium hypochlorit’e, 5% R(S) R R R
Calcium hypochlorite, 5% R(S) R R R
Chromic acid, 40% NR NR NR NR
Chromic acid, 5% NR NR NR NR
Sulfu dioxide solutions R(S) R NR R
Chlorine water R(S) R R R
Gases (Moist)
Carbon dioxide R R R R
Sulfur didxide NR R R R
Chlorine NR NR NR NR
Hydrogen sulfide NR R R R
Acids
Sulfuric, 10% R(S) R(S) NR R
Sulfuric, concentrated NR NR NR NR
Hydrochloric, 10% R(S) R R(S) R
Hydrochloric, concentrated NR R(S) R(S) R(S)
Nitric, 10% R(S) R(S) R(S) R(S)
Nitric, concentrated NR NR NR NR
Phosphoric, concentrated NR NR NR NR
(continued)
36 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
Alkalies
Sodium hydroxide, dilute R(S) R R
Sodium hydroxide, concentrated R 61 R R
Calcium hydroxide R R R
Ammonium hydroxide, dilute R R R
Ammonium hydroxide, concentrated R(S) R(S) R(S)
Ammonium salts P R R
Sodium carbonate R R R
Water
NR R R R
Tap
Distilled NR NR NR R
Sea NR R R R
Solvents
Chlorinated hydrocarbons (except methylene chloride) NR R R(S) R
Aromatic hydrocarbons R(S) R R R
Aliphatic hydrocarbons R(S) R R R
Alcohol (methyl, ethyl, and butyl) R(S) R R R
Ethers R(S) R R R
Esters NR R(S) R(S) R
l *
Ketones NR R(S) R(S) R
Phenol NR R(S) R(S) R(S)
Furfuryl alcohol NR R(S) R(S) R(S)
Furfural NR R(S) R(S) R(S)
Fats and Oils
Mineral R(S) R R(S) R
Animal R(S) R R(S) R
Vegetable R(S) R R(S) R
Halogens (Moist)
Chlorine NR NR NR NR
Bromine NR NR NR NR
lodi ne NR NR NR NR
*Esters are not recommended for continuous immersion service, only limited service. “MIBK and above.
Synthetic Resins and Polymers 37
TABLE 1.12: FIBERGLASS REINFORCED EPOXY AND VINYL ESTER PIPING SYSTEMS-A.O. SMITH-
INLAND
RED THREAD II Pipe: An unlined fiber glass reinforced epoxy resin pipe with the ability to solve corrosion prob-
lems in light chemical service at temperatures up to 21O’F. GREEN THREAD Pipe: Fiber glass reinforced epoxy
resin pipe with a glass mat reinforced epoxy resin liner. Provides superior corrosion resistance at temperatures up to
225°F. POLY THREAD Pipe: Fiber glass reinforced vinyl ester resin pipe with a glass mat reinforced vinyl ester
re.sin liner intended for use in corrosive services at temperatures to 200°F. Final liner thickness not less than ‘20 mils.
Vinyl esters have better chemical resistance than epoxies in high acid concentrations and to oxidizing agents.
Chemical Resistance
N.R.-Not Recommended N.T.-Not Tested
MAXIMUM RECOMMENDED TEMPERATURE “F FOR PRODUCTS LISTED MAXIMUM RECOMMENDEDTEMPEFIATUAE ‘F FOR PRODUCTS LISTED
Red Green pw Red Green POIV
CHEMICAL Thread II Thread Thread CHEMICAL rhread II Thread Thread
Acetic Acrd, 10% 150 200’ 200 Dioxane N.R. 75 N.T.
Acetic Acid, 25% N.R. 120 200 Distillery Stillage 150 150 N.T.
Acetrc Acid. 50% N.R. 120 150’ Distillery Syrup 150 150 N.T.
Acetlc Acid, 75% N.A. 120 150. Divinyl Benzene 100’ 100. N.T.
Acetic Acid. Glacial N.R. 75 75 Dowanol EE 75 75 N.T.
Acetone N.R. 120 N.R. Dowanol EM N.R. N.R. N.R.
Acryhc Acid, 95% N.R. 100 N.R. Dovviax BNB-Surfactant (Nonyl-
A&r(Wet or Dry)“’ 210 225 200 Phenol-Ethylene Oxde Condensate) 100’ 100’ N.T.
Alummum Chloride. 1% 210 225 200 Dow Latex 560 210. 225 N.T.
Alumtnum Potasstum Sulfate, 56% 210 225 N.T. Dow Latex 700 210’ 225 N.T.
Aluminum Sulfate, 50% 210 225 200 Dow Latex 2144 210. 225 N.T.
Ammonia Gas-Dry*** 150 225 N.T. Ethyl Acetate 75 120 N.T.
Ammonium Hydroxide. 10% lo0 150 120 Ethyl Acrylate 120 120 N.T.
Ammontum Hydroxide. 26% 100 100 150 Ethyl Alcohol 75. 120’ N.T.
Ammontum Persulfate. 30% N.T. 75 200 Ethyl Benzene 120 150 N.T.
Ammontum Nrtrate, 25% 210 225 2oD Ethyl Ether 100’ 100’ N.T.
Anolyte N.R. 150 N.T. Ethylene Glycol. 100% 210 225 N.T.
Beer 210 225 N.T. Ethylene Glycol-50% in Water 210 225 N.T.
Benzene 120’ 150 75’ Femc Chloride, 10% 150 205 200
Benzene Sulfonic Acid, 5096 N.T. N.T. 150 Ferric Chlonde 40% 150 205 2clo
Benzene Sulfonic Acid, 75% N.T. N.T. 150 Ferric Sulfate, 10% 210 225 200
Benzene Sulfonic Acid, 100% N.T. N.R. N.R. Ferric Sulfate, 40% 210 225 200
Black Liquor (Pulp Mill) 150 225 N.T. Formaldehyde 75 120’ N.T.
Boric Acrd. 4% 210 225 200 Formic Acid, 88% N.R. N.R. 75
Bone Acid, 20% 200 225 200 Freon 12 OT 22 (Gas or Liquid) N.T. 75 N.T.
Bromoform N.R. N.R. N.T. Gasolrne, 100 Octane 210 225 75’
Bromme Water, 4% N.R. N.R. N.T. Glycerine 210 225 N.T.
Butyl Acetate 75 150 N.T. Glyoxal N.T. 120’ N.T.
Bury1 Cellosolve 150 150 N.T. Green Liquor (Pulp Mill) 100 205’ N.T.
Calcrum Chloride, 37.5% 210 225 200 Hexane 100 loo’ 75’
Calcrum Hypochlorite, Sat’d. N.R. N.R. 150 Hydrdwomic Acid, 10% N.R. 15Ql) 2Dct
Carbon Disulfrde 120 120 N.T. Hydrcbrornic Acid, 20% N.R. 15ql) 200
Carbon Tetrachloride 150 150 150’ Hydrobromic Acid, 51% N.R. loQ1, 150
Chloroacetic Acid, 10% 100 120 N.T. Hydrochloric Acid, 1%” 75 15Ql) 200
Chloroacetic Acid, 25% N.T. N.T. 120 Hydrochloric Acid, 10% N.R. 15Ql) 2cxl
Chloroacetrc Acrd, 50% N.T. N.T. 150 Hydrochlonc Acrd. 20% N.R. 1541) 200
Chloroacetrc Acrd, Glacial N.R. N.R. N.T. Hydrochloric Acid. 36.5% N.R. 75.11 150
Chlorobenzene 100’ 150’ N.R. Hydrofluoric Acid, 1% N.T. N.T. 150
Chloroform N.R. N.R. N.T. Hydrofluoric Acid, 5% N.T. N.T. 150
Chlorothene 100 120 75 Hydrofluoric Acid, 10% N.R. 7541) 75
Chlorine Gas, Wet t l ** N.R. N.R. 150 Hydroflweilicic Acid, 25% N.R. loql, 200
Chlorine Saturated Brine d N.R. N.R. 150 Hydrogen Chloride-Gas, Dry*** 150 150 N.T.
Chlorinated Water-G100 ppm Cl, 150 225 200 Hydrogen Peroxide, 10% N.R. N.R. 75’
Chlonnated Water-1~2CQ+mCI N.R. 200 200 Hydrogen Pemxide, 27.5% N.R. N.R. 75’
Chlorinated Water - Saturated $ N.R. N.R. 156 Hydrogen SuHie Gae*‘* 150 150. N.T.
Chromic Acrd. 5% N.R. N.R. 150 Iodine (Sat’d. at Room temp.) 120 150 N.T.
Chromic Acid, 10% N.R. N.R. 150 Isopropyl Alcohol 100’ 120’ N.T.
Chromic Aod. 30% N.R. N.R. N.R. Jet Fuel (Super Refined Kerosene) 150 150’ N.T.
Citric Acrd. 32% 210 225 N.T. Kerosene 210 225 N.T.
Coca-Cola (Syrup) 100 150 N.T. Lactrc Acid, 50% 120’ 225 N.T.
Copper Sulfate, 17% 210 205. 200 Lithium Chloride
Cresol 5% 75 120 N.T. (Sat’d at Room Temperature) 210 225 200
Cresol 10% N.T. 75 N.T. Lithium Hydroxide
Dichlorobenzene (Ortho) 150 150 N.T. (Said. at Room Temperature) 150 205. N.T.
Drethylene Triamine N.R. N.R. N.R. Magnesium Chloride, 24%
Drmethyl Formamide N.R. N.R. N.T. (Mp Cf,6H,D) 210 225 200
(continued)
TABLE 1.13: FIBERGLASS REINFORCED FURAN POLYMER-QUAKER OATS CHEMICALS
QUACORR MEDIA GUIDE
QUACORR is the trademark for furfuryl alcohol based resin/catalyst systems de-
veloped by the Quaker Oats Company for the manufacture of fiberglass rein- MEDIA CONCENTRATION TESTofEMP. s u
Data were obtained from coupons exposed to media for a minimum of three 150 X
ACETIC ANHYDRIDE, SODIUM CHLORIDE, Unknown
months and, in most cases, one year and compared to unexposed control lami- POTASSIUM CHLORIDE, XYLENE, DICHLDROPHENOL,
nates. Recommendations are based on an evaluation of the following properties: BRDMODICHLCROPHENOL, ACETIC ACID, SODIUM
weight change, thickness change, visual appearance, flexural strength, flexural HYDROXIDE, METHANOL, TRICHLOROBENZENE
modulus, and Barcol hardness. Based on the results of one year testing in the ACETONE 100% I 501. X
media specified in ASTM Test C-581, this corrosion guide can also be used for
QUACORR 1500 FR. ACETONITRILE 100% R.T. X
(continued)
TABLE 1.13: FIBERGLASS REINFORCED FURAN POLYMER-QUAKER OATS CHEMICALS (continued)
QUACORR MEDIA GUIDE QuACCRR MEDIA GUIDE
‘EST TEMP
MEDIA QNCENTRAT I oh OF S U
:EST TEMP
MEDIA DNCENTRAT IO OF S
(continued)
TABLE 1.13: FIBERGLASS REINFORCED FURAN POLYMER-QUAKER OATS CHEMICALS (continued)
QUACORR MEDIA GUIDE __..__.“. __ __ __ h
-
rEST TEMP TEST TEMP.
MEDIA IC DNCENTRAT IC+ OF s MEDIA CONCENTRAT ION OF s u
-
GLYOXAL 40% 150 X
HYDROCHLORIC ACID (DILUTE), VINYL Unkrow” R.T. X
CHLORIDE, WATER
GREEN PULP MILL LIQUOR’. R.T. X
150 X
HYDROFLUDRIC ACI D1’ 15% R.T. X
1. Consult Technlcal Service OTT temperatures higher than 150°F. 1. Consult Technical Servlce on hydrofltiorlc acid appltcatlons.
2. Recorrnendatlon based on successful case hlstorles. 2. Maximum allowable concentrations have not been defined. QuaCorr service at
low COnCentratiOnS my be satlsfactoy. Testing is recommended.
3. Consult TechnIcal Service on temperatures higher than 15DoF.
(continued)
TABLE 1.13: FIBERGLASS REINFORCED FURAN POLYMER-QUAKER OATS CHEMICALS (continued)
~ACDRR MEDIA GUIDE QUACORR MEDIA GUIDE
EST TEMP.
MEDIA CONCENTRAT I ON TESTo:EHP. s IJ MEDIA CNCENTRAT ION OF S U
-
METHYL PAP.ATH I ON, FUNDAL 50:50 120 X
METHANOL, ACETIC ACID, SODIUM CHLORIDE, Un know” 150 X OLEUM (CONC. H2S04)
POTASSIUM CHLORIDE, XYLENE, ACETIC
ANHYDRIDE, DICHLOROPHENOL, SODIUM PENTACHLDROPHENOL, GAS OIL, KEROSENE, 5:3l :32:32 150 X
HYDROXIDE, BRDMODICHLOROPHENOL, MINERAL SPIRIT
TRICHLOROBENZENE
PERCHLOROETHYLENE loos R.T. X
5:60:6:5:24 176 X 100s 150 X
METHANOL, SULFURIC ACID,.ACRYLIC ACID,
loos 235-250 X
METHACRYLATES, WATERl.
IO01 l.P.(250) X
EST TEMF
MEDIA ONCENTRAT ION OF S U
PHOSPHORIC ACID SCRAP LIQUOR (pH t-3). Unknown 200 X QUATERNARY At+4044 IUM SALTS
SODIUM PHOSPHATE
RED PULP MILL LIQUORl.
PHOSPHOROUS ACID, HYDROCHLORIC ACID, WATE’ 75:6: 19 R.T. X
75:6: 19 150 X
SILICON TETRACHLORIDE
PHOSPHOROUS BROMIDEl* X
SLIMETROL
PHOSPHOROUS CHLORIDE Sat. 150 X
SLIMICIDE
PHOSPHORUS OXYCHLORIDE (PHOSPHORYL 100% R.T. X
CHLORIDE) 100% 150 X SODIUM EISULFITE, MALEIC ACID, FUMARIC
ACID, SODIUM HYDROXIDE, HEPTANE, HEXANE,
POTASSIUM CARBONATE Sat. 150 X HEAVY ALCOHOLS (pH l-12)
PYRIDINE 150 X
150 X
R.T. X SODIUK HYDROXIDE (3-13%), o-DICHLORO-
BENZENE (pH 7 10)
1. Maximum allowable concentrations have not been define QuaCorr service at
low concentrations may be satisfactory. Testing Is recommended.
2. Tested in comblnatlon with other media. 1. Consult Technical Service on temperatures higher than 15D’F.
3. Consult Technical Service on tervperafures higher than 150’F.
(:.ontinued)
TABLE 1.13: FIBERGLASS REINFORCED FURAN POLYMER-QUAKER OATS CHEMICALS (continued)
SODIUM HYDROXIDE, SODIUM CHLORIDE, Unknown 150 X SULFURIC ACID, KEROSENE, KELEX LIGAND Unknown 75 X
ACETIC ACID, POTASSIUM CHLORIDE, XYLENE,
DICHLOROPHENOL, BROMODICHLOROFHENOL, SULFURIC ACID, SULFONIC ACID, SULFUR Unknown 160-180 X
ACETIC ANHYDRIDE, METHANOL, TRICHLORO- DIOXIDE
BENZENE
SULFUROUS ACID, SODIUM HYDROSULFIDE (2.5% Unknown 176 X
SODIUM HYPOCHLORITE” .lS R.T. X SODIUM CARBONATE
SODIUM PHOSPHATE, PHOSPHORIC ACID SCRAP Unknown 200 X TETRAHYDROFURAN 100% R.T. X
LIQUOR (pH l-3)
TETRAHYDROFURFURYL ALCOHOL 100% R.T. X
SODIUM SULFIDE (HYDRO) 2% 176 X
TETRAPOTASS I UM PYROPHOSPHATE 60% R.T. X
SODIUM SULFIDE-HYDRO (2.5). SODIUM Unknown 176 X 60% 150 X
CARBONATE, SULFUROUS ACID
THICNYL CHLORIDE 100% R.T. X
STANNIC CHLORIDE I oog I50 X
TOLUENE 100% R.T. X
STYRENE 100% R.T. X 100% 150 X
100% 1.P. (230) X
SULFONIC ACID (CONCENTRATED), SULFURlC Unknown 160-180 X
ACID, SULFUR DIOXIDE TOLUENE DIISOCYANATE 100% R.T. X
SULFUR, MOLTEN 300 X TOLUENE SULFONIC ACID (IN WATER) 70% R.T. X
85% R.T. X
SULFUR, HYDROCHLORIC ACID, SULFUR Unknown 200 X
MONOCHLORIDE (VAPORS) TOLUENE SULFONIC ACID (IN METHANOL) 70% R.T. X
SULFUR CHLORIDE (MONO) 100% 150 X TOLUENE SULFONIC ACID (PARA) 100% 180 X
SULFUR DIOXIDE, SULFONIC ACID, Unknown 160-180 X TRIMLOROACETIC ACID 50% R.T. X
SULFURIC ACID
TFI I CHLOROBENZENE , ACET I C AC ID. SOD I UM Unknown 150 X
SULFUR MONOCHLORIDE (VAPCRS), SULFUR, Unknown 200 X CHLORIDE, POTASSIUM CHLORIDE, YYLENE,
HYDROCHLORIC ACID DICHLOROPHENOL, BROMODICHLWOPHENOL,
ACETIC ANHYDRIDE, SODIUM HYDROXIDE,
SULFUR TR10XlDE2’ X METHANOL
TEST TEMP.
MEDIA CONCENTRAT I ON OF 5 u
EXTREN is a proprietary combination of fiberglass reinforcements and thermosetting polyester or vinyl ester resin
systems produced in standard structural shapes and sheets by Morrison Molded Fiber Glass Company. EXTREN is
widely used in industrial construction and maintenance, commercial construction, and as components of industrial
equipment and commercial products. The information below is based on data collected from several years of actual
industrial applications. In addition it is based on conservative evaluation of the changes which occur in certain prop-
erties of replicate laminates after exposures of one year or longer, both in the laboratory and the field, according to
the American Society for Testing Materials (ASTM C-581). These properties include hardness, flexural strength, and
flexural modulus. Surface stability is also a major characteristic and must be evaluated.
A series of thermoplastic polyesters, polvbutylene terephthalate, was developed by Celanese and introduced under
the trademark CELANEX. CELANEX@ resins are highly crystalline, and exhibit a unique combination of properties
including high strength, rigidity and toughness, low creep even at elevated temperatures, minimal moisture absorp-
tion and exceptional dimensional stability, resistance to the effects of a wide range of chemicals, oils, greases and sol-
vents, excellent electrical properties and outstanding processing characteristics.
RESOLITE CR panels are fiberglass-reinforced, polyester sheets in flat and various corrugated and ribbed configura-
tions. The polyester resin used in RESOLITE CR panels was developed to withstand chemical abuse in heavy-duty
application.
Acids
AC&C 5 S S Arrenoter 011 s S Amll?o”l”m 10 S S
o-75 S S Bicorbonoter OII S S Hydroxide. l o-30 S T
o-50
50-75
100
S
:
S
T
T
B,tluorvder
B,rulfoter
B,rulf,tes
011
011
011
z
S
:
S
Borlum
Hydrwde
Coiclum
10 5 T
HALAR ECTFE is a melt processable fluoropolymer from Allied Corporation. It possesses a unique combination of properties as a result of its chemical struc-
ture-a 1: 1 alternating copolymer of ethylene and chlorotrifluoroethylene. HALAR fluoropolymer offers excellent chemical resistance, good electrical properties, s
broad use temperature range-from cryogenic to 34O”F, and meets the requirements of the UL-94 V-O vertical flame test in thicknesses as low as 7 mils. It is a 7
g
tough material with excellent impact strength over its broad use temperature range. HALAR ECTFE also maintains useful properties on exposure to cobalt 60
5’
radiation at dosages of 200 megarads. It is one of the best fluoropolymers for abrasion resistance. HALAR fluoropolymer is a thermoplastic which can be proc- ’
essed by virtually any technique applicable with polyethylene. It can be extruded, injection molded, blow molded, rotomolded, and applied by ordinary fluidized $
bed or electrostatic coating techniques. It is available in a range of viscosity grades for extrusion and molding applications. HALAR ECTFE powders are available v)’
in three different particle sizes optimized for specific coating processes.
5
HXARB ECTFE R - Recommended
NR - Not Reco,'m,ended $
CHEMICAL RESiSTANCE -- _ NO Avalla~la Data
q
Temperature Temperature h.
Chen;cal fi
Chemical 73OF 15O'F
--- 250'f 3OO'F 73°F
--- 150°F 250°F XF
x
__ $
Acetic Acid, 10%
Acetic Acid, 20%
R
R
R
R
R
R _-
Ammonium Carbonate
Armnonium Chloride
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
c
Acetic Acid, 50% R R R __ Ammonium Dichromate R _- __ -_
Acetic Acid, 80% R R -- -_ Ammonium Fluoride, 10% R R R R
8
*
Acetic Acid, Glacial ~ R R -- -- Ammonium Fluoride, 25% R R R R
Acetic Anhydride R -_ __ __ Ammonium Hydroxide R R R R
Acetone R R NR NR Ammonium Metaphosphate R R R R
Acetyl Chloride R R -_ _- ArmnoniumNitrate R R R R
Acetylene R R __ __ Ammonium Persulphate R R __ --
Acetyl Nitrile R R _- _- Ammonium Phosphate R R R R
Acrylonltrile R __ -- -- Anlmonlum Sulfate R R R R
Adipic 105 Acid R R _- _- Ammonium Sulfide R R R R
Alcohol, Amy1 R R R R Pmyl Acetate R R NR NR
Alcohol, Benzyl R R R R Amy1 Chloride R R R R
Alcohol, Butyl, Primary R R R R Aniline R NR NR NR
Alcohol, Butyl, secondary R R R R Anthraquinone R R _- _-
Alcohol, Diacetone R R NR NR Anthraqulnone Sulfonic Acid R R -- __
Alcohol, Ethyl R R R R Antimony Trichloride R __ -- -_
Alcohol, Hexyl R _- -- _- Aqua Regia -_
R R R
Alcohol, Isopropyl R R R R Arsenic Acid R R R R
Alcohol, Methyl R R R R
Alcohol, Propyl R R R R Barium Carbcnate R R R R
Ally1 Chloride R R R R Barium Chloride R R R R
Alum R R R R Barium Hydroxide R R R R
Alum, Ammonium R R R R Barium Nitrate R -- -_
Alum, Chrome R R -- -- Barium Sulfate R R R R
Alum, Potassium R R R R Barium Sulfide R R R R
Aluminum Chloride R R R R Bt?WZ R R _- _-
Aluminum Fluoride R R R R Beet Sugar Liquors R R -- __
Alurcu~um Hydroxide R R R R Benzaldehyde, 10% R R NR NR
Aluminum Nitrate R R R R Benzaldehyde, Above 10% R NR NR NR
Aluminum Oxychloride R R __ __ Benzene, Benz01 R R NR NR
Aluminum Sulfate R R R R Benzene Sulfonic Acid, 10% R R NR NR
Ammonia, Gas R R R R Benzoic Acid R R R --
Ammonia, Aqua, 10% R R R -- Bismuth Carbonate R -- __ -_
AmmonilnnAcetate R R __ __ Black Liquor R
R R R
Ammonium Bifluoside R R R R Bleach, 12.5% Active Cl2 R R R R
Ammonium Bisulfide R R R R Bleach, 5.5% Active Cl2 R R R R
(continued)
TABLE 1.17: FLUOROPOLYMER-ALLIED ENGINEERED PLASTICS (continued)
Temperature Temperature
Chemical 73OF
__--- 150°F 250'F 300°F Chemical 73'F 150°F 25O'F XF
--
(continued) 3
TABLE 1.17: FLUOROPOLYMER-ALLIED ENGINEERED PLASTICS (continued)
lkmperarure TWperatUIe
Chemical 73'F
-- 150°F 250°F 3OO’F Chenlcal 73'F 150°F 25OOF 3oo’F
--
(continued)
TABLE 1.17: FLUOROPOLYMER-ALLIED ENGINEERED PLASTICS !continued)
Ten-eratce
Chemical 73'F
-- 15O'F 2SOOF _)‘L’“-* Chemical 73OF 15O'F 25O'F 31)0OF
__---
Lemon Oil R R R --
Naphthalene R R __
Lime Sulfur R R _- _-
Natural Gas R R __ __-
Linoleic Acid R R R _-
Nickel Acetate R __ -- -_
Llnoleic Oil R R R _-
Nickel Chloride R R R R
R R R --
Linseed Oil Nickel Nztrate R R R R
Linseed Oil, Blue R R R _-
Nickel Sulfate R R R R
Lithium Bromide R R -_ _-
Nicotine R R -- _-
Lubrlcatinq 011, ASTM #1 R R R R Nlcotinic Acid R R R _-
Lutxicatinq 011, ASTM #2 R R R R Nitric Aad, 10% R R R R
Lubrlcatlnq 011, ASTM #3 R R R R Nitric Acid, 30% R R R -_
Nitrx And, 40% R R R --
Maqneslum Carbonate R R R R Nitric Acid, 50% R R NR NR
Maqneslun Chloride R R R R Nitric Acid, 70% R R NR NR
Maqneslum Hydroxide R R R R Nltrlc Acid, 100% R R NR NR
Magnesium Nitrate R R R R Nitrobenzene R R NR NR
Maqneslum Sulfate R R R R Nitrous Aad, 10% R R R -_
Malelc Acid R R R _- Nitrous Oxide R -- --
Mallc Acid R R R --
Mercuric Chloride R R R -_ Oils, Vegetable R R R R
Mercuric Cyanide R R R _- Oleic Acid R R R __
Mercuric Sulfate R R R -- 0lelL-J R NR NR NR
Mercurous Nitrate R R R -_ Oxalic Acid R R NR NR
Mercury R R R R Oxalic Aad, 50% R R NR NR
Methane R R R __ Oxygen, Gas R R R R
Methoxyethyl Oleate R -- _- -- OZOIUZ R R R R
Methylamine R NR NR NR
Methyl Bromide R R R R Palmit-c Acid R R R _-
Methyl Cellosolve R R R R Palmitlc Acid, 10% R R R __
Methyl Chloride R R R R Parhfflrl R R _- _-
Methyl Chloroform R R NR NR Perchlorlc Acid, 10% R R
Methyl Ethyl Ketone R R NR NR Perchlorlc Acid, 70% R R
Methyl Isobutyl Ketone R R NR NR Pa-phosphate R --
Methyl Methacrylate R _- _- -_ Petroleum Oils, Sour R R
Methyl Sulfate R R R R Petroleum 011s. Refined R R _- --
Methyl Sulfuric Acid R R -- _- Phenol R R NR NR
Methylene Bromide R NR NR NR Phenyl hydrazine R -- __ _-
Methylene Chloride R NR NR NR Phosphoric Acid, 10% R R R R
Methylene Iodine R NR NR NR Phosphoric Acid, 50% R R R --
Milk R R R -- Phosphoric Acid, 85% R R R --
Mineral Oil R R R R Phosphorus Yellow R _- _- -_
Molasses R R __ -_ Phosphorus Pentoxlde R R R -_
Motor Oil R R R R Phosphorus Trlchloride R R R -_
Photographic Solutions R R -_ -_
Naphtha R R R R
(continued) 2
TABLE 1.17: FLUOROPOLYMER-ALLIED ENGINEERED PLASTICS (continued)
Temperature
Chemical 72°F‘ ,=,oc 250°F 330'F Chemical 73°F m
--
(continued)
TABLE 1.17: FLUOROPOLYMER-ALLIED ENGINEERED PLASTICS (continued)
Terneratme Temperature
Chemical 73'F 15O'F 250'F 303'F Chemical 73°F 150°F 250°F 300°F
---- _~____
Meaning of Symbols
E-Excellent r&stance; uitable for general service - F-Fair resistance; suitable for some services-dilute
all concentrations an d temperatures. concentrations and temperatures to 90°F.
Ga resistance; suitable for most services- most NR-Not recommended for this service under most
concentrations and temperatures to 2 12 “F. conditions.
Corrosion resistant isopolyesters are characterized among resin suppliers and users by the molar ratio of the aro-
matic to the unsaturated acid and by the glycol used in synthesis. In this nomenclature, Amoco’s recommendation
for a cost-effective resin with outstanding corrosion resistance to a broad range of liquids over a wide temperature
range is a 1 : 1 propylene glycol isopolyester. That is, the resin is made with equal molar amounts of maleic anhydride
and isophthalic acid and reacted with a sufficient excess of propylene glycol to ensure esterification to a high molec-
ular weight.
While the basic corrosion resistant resin offers the most versatile range of resistance properties, variations of the
basic formulation suitable for specific applications are available from many resin suppliers. The second table shows
three laboratory variations of the recommended formulation.
The resin with higher levels of maleic anhydride has greater crosslink density and thus offers very good temperature
stability. It should maintain mechanical properties up to 100°C. It also shows better resistance to aromatic solvents
than the basic formulation, although its resistance to mineral acids is not quite as good. Its brittleness may be un-
desirable in some applications.
Adipic acid improves flexibility and neopentyl glycol improves caustic resistance, The gasoline resistance of these
formulations is not as consistent as that of the other formulations shown in the second table. Adipic acid generally
lowers resistance properties.
“1:l Propylene glycol rsopolyester cooked to less than 15 acid number ASTM C581, one year rmmersron.
l l Blistering was apparent. (continued)
62 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
CELANESE 1000 series nylons are of the 6/6 type polyamides. They are used in the replacement of metals, offering
reduced weight, corrosion resistance, self-extinguishing properties, self-lubricating qualities and colorability at sub-
stantially lower cost.
- Naphthalene. -
Decalin,
Detergents, - Nickel sulfate, ;
Dibutyl ohthalate. - Nitrrc acid, 10%
Drchlordrfluoromethane, - Nitro-alcohols. :
Dresel 011. Nitrobenzene. lo@) C
Drethylene glycol, 9Gh 011s of vegetables and spices, - A
Dimethvl carbinol. - Olerc acid, 100% A
(continued)
64 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
RATING RATING
BESN BLACK T
CHEMlt34 CONCErJTCATlQW WF lWF 14OOF 194OF 9O*C CONCENTRATION WF 104OF 14WF
40°C
- 20°C 4oc GO’C --7G’C 6Ll”C
Methyl Chloride A X A B B
Methyl Sullale A a A A A
Milk A A A B X X
Monochiorobanlene B X X A A A
Mustard A A
Naphtha A A A+ A A
Ndphthalene A A A 6 A A7
Otis Crude A A At B X
011‘ Refw2d A A A A A A A
Ole,c Actd A A A B A A A
Oxalx Acud A A B X A A A
Oxygen A A B X A A n
Perchloroerhylrne B X A A Ai
Phenol X X X X A A 8
Phosphoric Acid 401 A B X A A A
P,cr,c Ac,d t3 X X X A A A
PJ,ars,“m Cdrbcnate A A B A A A
Pa,arsi”m S”ll~l. A A A A A A+ 6
Propane A A A A A B
Pydraui F9 A A A
Pyr,d,ne Pure 0 X X X
Soap Solution A
TABLE 1.22: NYLON REINFORCED VINYL HOSE-SETHCO DIVISION, MET PRO CORP.
Sethco’s NRV (Nylon Reinforced Vinyl) grade hose may be used at working pressures ranging from 100 to 250 psi
(depending upon size). Its flex life exceeds that of rubber and its characteristic inertness satisfies requirements for
a wide range of industrial and laboratory applications.
The reinforcing nylon mesh is encapsulated in the walls of the clear vinyl, providing a high strength, smooth surface
hose. The imbedded mesh is never in contact with fluid or atmosphere. Working temperatures range from 20” to
175°F as discharge hose and 20” to 140°F as suction hose. The vinyl is fire resistant and self-extinguishing.
DATA INTERPRETATION
M ETALS
/
DEPTH OF CORROSION PER SURFACE RESULT
* 002 In. per year (4 05 mm. yr.) A
PLASTICS
SWELLING OR DIMENSIONAL
LOSS OF DESCRIPTION
CHANGE. (ANY DIRECTION.) RESULT
TENSILE STRENGTH CHEMICAL ATTACK
WHICHEVER IS GREATER.
4 1000 4 1500 LIttIe or none A
0 to w 050 in yr saturated at 70 ‘F Just a few degrees of temperature dtfterence (or percentage points of con.
A NR
CentratIon) can greatly eftect corrosion Comblnattons marked A NR are crltlcal as to concentration or temperature
PLASTICS
Llttle to no chemical attack 4 lo00 swelling or 415O D loss of tensile strength at lOOn concentration at 70°F or
A
200°F (temperature at top of column)
Ltttle to no chemical attack 4 10O0 swelling or 4 15’ o loss ot tenslie strength from 0 to 20°0 concentration at 70°F or
A to 20°0
200 ‘F (temperature at top of column)
Good resistance (minor chemical attack) 4 15’0 Swelltng or *30° o loss 01 tenstle strength lrom 20 to 50°0 concentration
B 20.50°e 70.140°F
from 70°F lo 140°F
Attacked or dissolved W20°0 swelling 01 b50° I) loss of tensle strength I” concentrated at 70°F or 200-F
NR
~twnm=rati~re at too 01 column 1
(continued)
‘ABLE 1.23: OXIRANE OLIGOMER OF RESORCINOL-PLASTONICS INTERNATIONAL (continued)
Acetamide
Acetate
Solvents
Crude
Acetic
AcidVapors100% (hot)
Ace& Anhydride
100% (boilng)
Acetic
AcidGlacial
70°F
Acetone100%
Acetonilrik
Akohol,
2 Aminoethanol
(continued]
TABLE 1.23: OXIRANE OLIGOMER OF RESORCINOL-PLASTONICS INTERNATIONAL (continued)
CHEMICAL PYIl#$E II KYNAR STAINLESSSTEEL TEFLON FEP EPOXY tlASTEl.LOY
C VINYL ESTER TEFLON PFA PYROITE I
200°F 316 7O'F 7O'F 70°F 7O'F THERMOSET 70°F ZOO'F 70°F
I I I I I I I I I
A* to50%
Aluminum Chbrohydroxtde (wet) 1 as L I, 70°F Lb 7D'F AC Ia50% ,a210°F A
I#200°F
Amines
(continuec
(continued)
TABLE 1.23: OXIRANE OLIGOMER OF RESORCINOL-PLASTONICS INTERNATIONAL (continued)
CHEMICAL PYROITEII KVNAR STAlNLESS STEEL TEFLON FEP EPOXY NASTELLOV C VINVL ESTEA TEFLON PFA PYFly\TE
0 1
200°F 200°F 316 70°F 70°F 70°F 70°F TNEAMOSET 70 “F 200°F
A BI,llli(le
1Bromine
watt, WI WA II VJ'F A AC ID 100% to 80°F
A
"R to 70°F
25% to 212°F A ,a 200-F A 25% 8w"m.e
Bromine Moist Gas 0c Broannrwater A BR.im WIk IdAliquid Bc Bmnlm wt.3
WIIC 50% II 212-F A to 212'F "Rh* wit" Wll" la 200°F
Butane 100%
Buttermilk
Butykne
I Bulyl Phthalate
I
A
I
A II 15'F
I
A,. 125'F
I I
AC D WJ'F
I
A
I
A
I
Cakium Carbonate
Copper Flumtdc
Coltonreed oil
(continued)
TABLE 1.23: OXIRANE OLIGOMER OF RESORCINOL-PLASTONICS INTERNATIONAL (continued)
PY?tI$E II KVNAR STAINLESSSTEEL TEFLON FEP EPOXY NASTELLOV C VINVL
ESTER TEFLON PFA PYROITE I
CHEMICAL ZOO'F 316 70°F 70°F 7O'F 70°F THERMOSET 70°F 200°F 70°F
I I I I I I I I I
I Oebqcnts(general)
I D*IAybther AI * 70°F
BDlrz"F
A.” 7@"F
Kd,L*'F I
K Ah300"F
Olbobutybne
DinethylAnillee
Mmelbyl Fomumlde
IAmelbyl Pbthalate
Mnw?tbyl SuSexlk
(continued)
‘ABLE 1.23: OXIRANE OLIGOMER OF RESORCINOL-PLASTONICS INTERNATIONAL (continued)
PYROITE II KYNAR STAINLESSSTEEL TEFLON FEP EPOXY HASTELLOY C VINYLESTER TEFLONFTA PYll)bFTE I
CHEMICAL 200°F 316 70°F 70°F 70°F 70°F TNERWOSET 7O'F 200°F
200°F
Ch lZ2"F
P-Dioxanc 1 WI II 151°F o Ill WD’F “(I “R I 1 ,a 70°F
ws ls0l.r 1.1
Dow Therm
Ethyl Benzene
Ethyl Ether
Ethyione Diamine
(continued)
TABLE 1.23: OXIRANE OLIGOMER OF RESORCINOL-PLASTONICS INTERNATIONAL (continued)
PYIN$E II KVNAR STAINLESS STEEL TEFLON FEP EPOXY NASTELLOV C VINYL ESTER TEFLON PFA PYI$ITE I
CHEMICAL 200°F 316 70°F 70°F 70 “F 70°F TNERMOSET 70 “F 200°F
Hexamine
Helium
(continued)
TABLE 1.23: OXIRANE OLIGOMER OF RESORCINOL-PLASTONICS INTERNATIONAL (continued)
CHEMICAL PYROITE II KYNAR STAINLESSSTEEL TEFLON FEP EPOXY NASTELLOY C VINYLESTER TEFLON PFA PYROITE I
200°F 200°F 316 70°F 70°F 70°F 70°F TNERMOSET 70°F 200°F 70°F
I I I I I I I I I
(continued
TABLE 1.23: OXIRANE OLIGOMER OF RESORCINOL-PLASTONICS INTERNATIONAL (continued)
PYIl$-f$E II KVNAR STAINLESS STEEL TEFLON FEP EPOXY NASTELLOY C VINYL ESTER TEFLON PFA PYROITE I
CHEMICAL 200°F 316 70°F 70 “F 70°F 70aF TNERMOSET 70 “F 200 “F 7O’F
I I I I I I I I I
Linokk Acid
Linseed Oil
Mineral Oil
Morpholhw
Nickel Chloride
Nickel Nitrate
(continued)
TABLE 1.23: OXIRANE OLIGOMER OF RESORCINOL-PLASTONICS INTERNATIONAL (continued)
CHEMICAL PYllIfTE0 II KYNAA STAINLESSSTEEL TEFLON FEP EPOXY NASTELLOY C VINYLESTER TEFLON PFA PYI$j~E I
200°F 316 70°F 70°F 70°F 70°F TNEAMOSET 70°F 200°F
I 1 I 1111U,.,I,‘F I I I 1 I I
ml funllnp
*s*,t2~F Ab125"F M k 70-F C/M SO'%a IO'F A * 248'1
With Acid Fuming (70% cont.) C
CnM rh@nur 70°F "(Id 212'F
170% ,#L,)"F "II
"II,!
212'F 1.90% c 73'F
1
I MD 50% a,l.l'F
Cnl” sx
I) 10%
HiIrk ACM
A OS% B SO% A 2540K
(Suflng) soxm2~F “II IS%
“II me. Alw” CUT.
“0
m 20%
AC 2x
“s-ox
A 70% WA
SC 10 70°F M 10IO'F
A ,470-r A 100% ,040D"F A,. 300°F C,@ 122'F s 100% b 211°F CnM I0100% Is100°F A C 10122-F
Wobmuene AsI0 212°F
sC w*-t,*'F nn * Z,?OF WR I,212'F
s 1sX II212'F
NAnus Acid Ati Z,t"F I I.212"F Is 10% ,I150°F A,# too-F AC I#10% ID150°F A A ,a,OODF
AI 10.100xbIO"F
It)Cmm,Nld
PWMII A A Is'F,.Wn A ,a70°F 1 A L
v.1 I.(50°F
Pentane 1 C AIUO'F A A A
C r.Fwa*,,S*F
(continuec
rABLE 1.23: OXIRANE OLIGOMER OF RESORCINOL-PLASTONICS INTERNATIONAL (continued)
PYIH$E KYNAR 3TAlNLESS STEEL TEFLON FEP EPOXY HASTELLOV C VINYL ESTER TEFLON PFA PYROITE I
CHEMICAL D II 200°F 316 70°F 70 ‘F 70°F 70°F THERMOSET 70 “F 200°F 70 “F
A to Ill’F
AC IO 14O’F A !0 70°F A 10 1‘O”F biB 10 180°F A
Plating Solutions Nickel A A A 10 170°F L IO 180°F
wa ckt,rnk** Slqif ~ktf,Dk*I
Plating Solutions Silver 1 A I0 120°F A 10 IZD’F 1 ID 70°F 1 I0 12D”F A ,a 120°F As IO 1.30”F A 10 70°F A 10 lW”F
Plating Solutions Tin L Aa c 11 10s “F A ID 70°F A 10 100°F 110 100°F 1s II *IO-F A 110 210°F
1 Syllidt II 7s “F
aa Chhlrld~L A 10 150°F YR rylnldr 11 180 “F &
Plating Solution Zinc A 1s A 10 10°F L l0 150°F A 10 *se “F
““obofltr rlclpl 1cld Chbnidl As 10 160°F
-
Potassium Aluminum Sulphate (alum) 1 A 10 275°F A8 10 15O’F I ,a 200°F A AE 10 30s “F ?.e 10 100% 10 220°F A A
a 100% a 70°F
A *a.sox I0 212°F 1 10% e lll.wh IO 212°F A
Potassium Bichromate 1 A ID 27S’F A 10 2eev Ia 10 lee* 10 212°F A
a CMC. I0 1W’F c 100% a 1OfJ% II 1501°F
s I0 70% 1D
Potassium Bromide 212°F (pit,) A I# 200 ‘F A 1* 30% 11 IO’F Ia lo 100% 11 110°F L A
1 A 1v 275°F A
A l1lY tt I(15”F a 100% IO 212°F AC 10 IelI% 10 110°F
A loll% It 350°F
As lwh to 70 “F A 10 250°F a 100% IO 7O”F Aa 10 100% 10 21O’F A A
Potassium Chloride A Ah 275°F A
A 10~30K 10 212°F A8 10.sclx (0 212°F
e 100% II 7O’F
A 10-60’~ I# 212°F A 10 2OO’F A ID% a 1e.eex IO 212°F Ae 10 100% I# 2W’F A
Potassium Dichromalc ii A lo 275°F II
a OOIU. 10 150°F c 100% II 100% aI 1500°F
Potassium Ferricyanide AD 275°F a IO-WY. IO 212°F A 30% I@ 70°F As 10 100% 10 210’F A JO’,. 10 70’F
A A a wwh 10 Z12’F A
a 10.100% I0 7O’F
s IO-100% ,a 212°F A
Potassium Fetrocyanide A AC 275°F A 10 2OO’F a 10-w,. IO 212°F Aa to 1Oil% 10 210°F L
A 5% 170°F
a lw/. II ID’F
Potassium Nitrate 1 11027S’F a 10~1wh I\ so 200°F e IO-soy* 18 10 100% ID 210°F A
A A
7O’F I# ssev 70°F ,a 212°F
(continuec
(continued)
TABLE 1.23: OXIRANE OLIGOMER OF RESORCINOL-PLASTONICS INTERNATIONAL (continued)
CHEMICAL PYIi$JE II KVNAR STAINLESS STEEL TEFLON FEP EPOXY NASTELLOV C VINYL ESTER TEFLON PFA PYl$$TE I
200 ‘F 316 70°F 70°F 70°F 70°F TNERMOSET 70°F 200°F
1 H 122°F
SIlCyklddlVlb I s 8, 15s”F 1 In ,ls°F 1 ).
E ., 211°F
ssll Arhle
(Sodium Chbrkb Solution)
Sinconc
Oil A A Ah 70°F x c )1
x 1 h 70’F 1 1 x
Silver Bromide 1
a=*h
Sodium Rkrrbonate
Sad&mBichmmale
Sodium Aisulfate
Sodium
flisulSte
(continued)
YABLE 1.23: OXIRANE OLIGOMER OF RESORCINOL-PLASTONICS INTERNATIONAL (continued)
CHEMICAL PYlgl_F II KVNAR STMLEI WEE1 7ERON FEP EPOXY NMI’ELLOY C YtNYL ESTER 7EFLON FFA PYilfjFFTEI
2OO’F 316 70°F 70’F 7O’F 70°F l’NEttMO3E7 70°F ZOO’F
"SISK II 12S'F
S 2030% b 212°F A 10X N 2W"F
Sodtum CtMdr (brbe) I x” 275-F A IaZlZ'F At, tWX t. 212-F AS!4 IDS% t# 1SO"F A A II 212'F
A IWX ta 71.212-F A t,c11.t,20O~F
bMSt%.7S°F
I,lCWK
Al0IWX ASb SSK
Sodbm Chmmate x 71.ZIZ'F AOXl.ZW"F C AIH 50% Ia 215-F A
7C212'F t. 215-F
.lSOX"IS'F
ChsdatlZSZ°F
A IS% @212-F
Sodium Cyantde 1 1,. 275-F AlCIW(X,!7SDF At4 71'F A A AS,. ,00X t. IIS-F A A
Yt3SX al IllOF
Sodium Hydroxide
YI as w m xa IIs xn lln “I
(mette11)WKt4 :F
x ” k%2;170 ‘F
12OXt.2W'F C 20% A 1‘X AS5X.tl2S'F ASU 20%
Sadbm Hypochbrtte (sobtbn) I Lt. 275'F AZSXtr2W'F
A IS% ,a 2SO'F SS- AIlSOX SC S.lSX .tlSO"F I, ,.0-F
A.,%,.
ul-Y5x 12°F
Sodium Metasltbate
A 1&1OOX
70212°F I
A l&SO% U 212'F
S 1204L d 70-F S 30~1OOX
Sodium Nitrate A Ata 2759 A II 2SO'F A AS!, IWX 1.2tS'F A A
S 15~00% at 251°F 1,.20X
Sodium Nttttte
I A A k 275-F
I
AStl2OX
AC-.
AII2WO"F ASI0 100% I. 210-F A
I
A
A ,00X at 70°F
So&urn Perborate A At,7.'F AS S 10% I. 212'F A AS
510% U 212-F
1,.50X A Ia SD%
Sodium Pemxtde A AU 275°F A 70.212'F Ab2W'F AS* SO-F A
AIcCW&. h 150-F
(continued)
TABLE 1.23: OXIRANE OLIGOMER OF RESORCINOL-PLASTONICS INTERNATIONAL (continued)
SlrnnkChbrkb
Stannous
Chloride
Steam liti
SSO'F PdSSS'F )rb,IOO'F At.2SO"F At. SSO'F ABt,tZO'F A At,,SO'F
I Sutphate
Bbck Liquor
I A I Ah27S'F
It, 212'F
Ek,SS'F
A‘.Z"'F A
I At,212-F AOh 100% U 20.-F A
I A I
Sulphate
6mn liquor 1 )I,212°F Al, 70°F A It, 175°F AStelOOX te2OO'F A A
Sumnol A A A Al978~F A
(continued)
TABLE 1.23: OXIRANE OLIGOMER OF RESORCINOL-PLASTONICS INTERNATIONAL (continued)
CHEMICAL PYROITE II KYNAR STAINLESS STEEL TEFLON FEP EPOXY NASTELLOY C WY1 ESTER TEFLON PFA PYROITE I
ZOO’F 200 “F 316 70°F 70°F 70 “F 70°F TNERMOSET 70 “F 200°F 70 “F
we A
Thioey( Chloride As * M’F m It 70DF “1 A ,I 125-F C
*uil * “war
WR MR IIR
Tb Mottrn ,449”F ne C ee “I
AC tnnw*
I Triethykne Glycol
I I I
A* 125’F YII
I !
I “R
I
Ttiethyl Phosphate A A A I. 200°F AS ID 100% IO 2OP”F A 1 IO 2OO’F
Trtphenyl Phosphite
(continued)
‘ABLE 1.23: OXIRANE OLIGOMER OF RESORCINOL-PLASTONICS INTERNATIONAL (continued)
PYIttI;E II KYNAR STAINLESS STEEL 1 TEFLON FEF EPOXY HASTELLOY C VINYL ESTER TEFLON PFA I PYl$ltE I
CHEMICAL 200°F 316 70°F 7O’F 70°F 70 “F THERMOSET 70°F 200°F D
I
I I I
Trisodium Phosphate
Turponline
Water. Uirtllbd
Water. Fresh
Water. Ueknlzed
Water. lb-mineraLed
Water. Brackish
Wax
Whiskey
(continued)
TABLE 1.23: OXIRANE OLIGOMER OF RESORCINOL-PLASTONICS INTERNATIONAL (continued)
Exposure to Various Chemicals for 1 Week Exposure to Various Chemicals for 1 Month
Material and X Change X Change X Change 2 Change Uaterial and X Change X Change X Change X Change
Condition Length Thickness Width Weight Condition Length Thickness Width Weight
23570 23570
10% E2SO4 + .04 l1.20 + .60 + .88 10% H2SO4 + .12 +2.73 +1.42 +2.64
10% WOH + .02 + .I5 + .13 + .lO 10% N-&+OH + .03 + .28 + .18 + .23
lo-30 Motor Oil 0 + .12 + .lO 0 lo-30 Motor Oil 0 + .07 + .09 - .Ol
Transmission Fluid 0 + -14 + .I1 - .Ol Transmission Fluid + .Ol + .14 + .ll + .09
Brake Fluid 0 -1.23 - .43 - .03 Brake Fluid 0 l .98 + .47 + .07
50% Glycol + .Ol - .a7 - .40 + .09 50% Glycol + -02 - .90 - .41 + .20
5% NaCL + .o: - .91 - .46 + .11 5% NaCl + .03 - .94 - .44 + .24
50% Alcohol + .Ol - .93 - .45 + .09 50% Alcohol + .07 - .63 - .42 + .20
- Not Available
* Deteriorated
(continued)
TABLE 1.24: PHENOLIC RESINS-OCCIDENTAL CHEMICAL (continued)
Chemical Resistance
Chemical Resistance
Material and I Change % Change X Change X Change Material and X Change X Change X Change %Change
Condition Length -Thickness - Width Weight Condition Length Thickness Width Weight
23570 29502
10% B2S04 l -34 +5.66 +2.56 +7.11 10% H2S04 + .25 +6.95 +3.06 +4.56
10% NH40H + .09 + .28 + .24 + .5fJ 10% NH40H 0 - .90 - .46 + .Ol
lo-30 Motor Oil 0 + .06 + .04 - .04 lo-30 Motor Oil 0 - .BO - .43 + .06
Transmission Fluid 0 + .14 + .11 + .Ol Transmission Fluid 0 - .64 - .44 + .02
Brake Fluid - .02 - .98 - .50 - .17 Brake Fluid 0 - .79 - .39 + .Ol
50% Glycol + .06 - .83 - .33 + .47 50% Glycol + .01 - .92 - .41 + .lO
50% Alcohol + .06 - .82 - .22 + .47 50% Alcohol + -01 - .92 - .40 + .05
- Not Available
l Deteriorated
(continued)
98 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
:: 2 z 0
8 0 :: 2 w
0;
+
+ + l + + + +
x k 1.
Y;
1
+
8 2 1 D s
A
4
+
2
0 0
0
a
z z
+ + + +
TABLE 1.24: PHENOLIC RESINS-OCCIDENTAL CHEMICAL (continued)
Chemical Resistance
Chemical Resistance
96 Rours In Boiling Water
(continued)
TABLE 1.24: PHENOLIC RESINS-OCCIDENTAL CHEMICAL (continued)
96 Rours in BoilinR Sulphuric Acid (H2S04) 96 Hours In Boiling Caustic (.5% NAOH)
(continued)
TABLE 1.24: PHENOLIC RESINS-OCCIDENTAL CHEMICAL (continued)
Chemical Resistance
NORYL resins are especially noted for their outstanding hydrolytic stability. Introduction
The water absorption rate of all NORYL resins, both at room temperature and This test is used as a method for predicting the long-
at elevated temperatures, are among the lowest of any engineering thermo- term effects of contact materials or environments on the
plastic, which contributes to the retention of properties and dimensional sta- physical properties of Noryl. The test uses specimens
which are exposed under strained conditions at various
bility in the presence of water, high humidity and even steam environments. temperatures duplicating as closely as possible the effect
In addition,‘NORYL resins are also virtually unaffected by most aqueous solu- of residual and induced stresses in a fabricated part. By
tions, detergents, acids, and bases. measuring the loss of certain physical properties we can
estimate the effects of exposure to the environment on a
Noryl application.
Test Procedure
NOSYI NORYL
2. Test a minimum of 3 tensile bars for each stress level.
Nom-l. NORYL
QFNZ Ream 731,831 Resin QFN3Rssti TwsEl Resin
3. Apply the contact material to the tensile bars making
sure the material is in direct contact with the bars.
If the material is a piece of tubing or gasket material,
APPUd%WS.Pl 0 8.ooO 0 WC0 0 3aOO 0 38ooApplied~,pSi 0 8Dw 0 6,CM 0 3800 0 3800
it may be secured by using a copper wire to tie it to
HJdEdl0mACid(lcrrs) N N N Ii N N N N aEcade(lB) NNNNNNNN the tensile bar. If the material is a liquid, the tensile
IiJdmao~Acid(mnc.) N N N N N N N N OlelcAcld N NNANNNA bars and strain jigs should be totally immersed. If the
material is a grease or paste, coat the tensile bars.
-Aud(lc%) N N N N N N N N MamiacQmo11 N NNANANA
-And(m) N NN N N N NA Unssedoli N N x x x xxx 4. Place the specimens in suitable containers and place
-Aua(m) N N N N N A BA Unenrloil NNNNNNNA one set in an oven for 3 days at 185'F and the other
N N x N N N N N vammle NNNNNNNA
leave out at room temperature for 7 days.
IU?MCAdd(lulb)
NoiricM(lm) N N NN N NX xliaptane N AAANALXX
Example: If testing a material with NORYL 731 the
-emc@Jm> N N x x N N x x bm,haml NNNANNNN number of specimens would be:
KTdmfmo*Add(m) N N x x N N x x Impropanoi N N N N N N N N
NNNNNNNX
Total 18
--(sat) N NNNNNNN LlcmeaQmao
--(eat) NNNNNNNN lnm6cm/m NNNNNNNN 5. At the duration of test, remove the specimens from the
-O-illoIlds(Bat) NNNNNNNN BesterNo. 13.5 NNNNXXNN oven and leave at room temperature for a minimum of 30
QOKIX NNNNNNNN NesterNo 164 NNNNXXNN
minutes. Then use the Instron to determine tensile
strength and % of elongation.
Lesml(28) NNNAXXXX
Reporting Results
The effects of various chemicals on TENITE Polyallomer Formula 5020 were determined by immersing weighed
and measured injection-molded samples of the plastic in the chemicals and maintaining them at a temperature of
73°F (23°C) for one year. After one year, each sample of plastic was removed from the jar in which it was tested,
wiped dry, and quickly weighed and measured. The appearance of the sample after exposure to the test medium
was also recorded.
The shelf-life tests were conducted using 50 ml capacity, 0.010 inch (0.25 mm) wall thickness blow-molded bottles
of TENITE Polyallomer 5020 filled with selected household items. The filled bottles were stored at temperatures
of 73°F (23°C) and 140°F (60°C) for one year. Changes in bottle weight and appearance were determined at the
end of the test period.
Polyallomer is highly resistant to chemical attack and to stress-cracking. However, a few chemicals produce swelling
and attack the surface slightly. These chemicals are mainly chlorinated compounds, aromatic hydrocarbons, and
the higher aliphatic hydrocarbons, such as gasoline.
(continued)
Synthetic Resins and Polymers
Change In
Weight. % Appii~llC8
Mustard -0 33 No Change
Mouthwash -1 14 No Change
Coffee -0 61 No Change
Margarme -0 07 No Change
Changs
In
fleapent
Walght. % Appanncs
The combination of mechanical and optical properties offered by MERLON gives the designer a material with many
of the characteristics of a transparent metal. It is a thermoplastic which provides good optical properties, exceptional
toughness, and a temperature capability up to 250°F.
Because of a combination of optical characteristics, impact strength, and dimensional stability, MERLON polycar-
bonate sheets are finding application as glazing, especially in those areas where glass breakage is high.
1.3373 1.3382
1.3374 1.3390
0.8735 0.8740
Synthetic Resins and Polymers 107
XYDARM RESINS
CHEMICAL RESISTANCE
TENSILE STRENGTH AND ELONGATION BEFORE AND AFTER EXPOSURE(*)
HCR-191 is a chemical resistant polyester laminate produced by the match metal molding of fiberglass mat, inert
fillers and HETRON@ 197 resin. HCR-191 laminate when compared to other corrosive resistant materials offers ex-
cellent weight to strength ratio (specific gravity of HCR-191-1.9 . . stainless steel-8.0) and ease of handling and
fabrication.
HCR-196 is a chemical resistant polyester laminate produced by the match metal molding of fiberglass mat, inert
fillers and DERAKANEB470 resin. The DERAKANEB470 is a vinyl ester resin.
HCR-197 is a chemical resistant polyester laminate produced by the match metal molding of fiberglass mat, inert
fillers and ATLAC 382 resin. The ATLAC 382 system is bisphenol A fumarate resin.
(continued)
Synthetic Resins and Polymers 109
PEBAX is ATOCHEM’s registered trade name for a family of polymers known as polyether block amides (PEBA).
The structure of all PEBAX products comprises linear and regular chains of rigid polyamide segments and flexible
polyether segments. In addition to their copolymeric structure, the various grades of PEBAX show other original
characteristics: very wide range of flexibility; absence of any plasticizer; excellent impact resistance, even at low
temperatures; little variation in flexibility between -40°C and +8O”C; low density; very high elastic memory; ex-
cellent mechanical properties; and good chemical resistance.
Chemicals Test
Time
5533 SN 00 T 4033SNOO
T
3533 SN 00
Temperatures 0 0 0 0
SulphuracAcid. 100/O 7 days/23 “C - 15 - 20 + 1.2 + 7
Sc&m Hydroxade. 10% I. - II - 20 + 1.2 - 5
,. -
Z,nc Chloride. 509’0 - - + 1.5
Water ,. + 1 -
Bo,lmg Writer 7 days/100 oc -;2 -32 + 1,2 - 24
I Lockheed H 55
Skydrol
I
7 days/l21
I I I
- 64
DiSSoiVeS
I Lrxkheed H 55
Skydrol
-
ASTM No 1 01 3 dqs/lcn oc + 17.7
7 dqS/l21 oc - 55 -50 + 40
ASTM No 3 011 3 doys/lLm oc - + 135
7 days/l21 DC - 92 - 49 + 51
Temperatures
I _
Ethanol
Propnol
I
7 do&23 OC
1 + 7 ~+27~+45~+60~+22~+33~
Butanol + 21 + 30 + 54 + 54 + 20 + 32
+ 31 + 51 + 128 + 405 + 25 + 37
(continued)
Synthetic Resins and Polymers 111
0 0 0 0 0 0.
7 days/23 OC +a tt3
ASTM Fuel B
2 days/50 OC + 21 + 41
ASTM Fuel C 2 days/50 “C t 27 t 41
Two-inch diameter by ‘/s-inch thick disks injection molded from a 0.918 density TENITE Polyethylene formula-
tion were immersed in the chemicals listed in the tabulation and stored under a constant temperature of 73OF for
one year. The disks were weighed and measured at the beginning of the test period and again at the end. The per-
cent change in weight and thickness was calculated for each chemical at the end of the test. The change in appear-
ance was also noted.
Chemical resistance of polyethylene is density related-improving with increasing density. Therefore, the lowest
density formulation of the TENITE Polyethylene family was tested to represent the greatest change that would be
expected from contact with the various chemicals.
%Change In K Change In
‘Acetone 1.2 0.2 No change Hydrochloric Acid 10% -02 0.2 NO change
Acellc Acid 5% 08 00 No change Hydrogen PeroxIde 30% 00 00 No change
Ammomum Hydroxide 10% 0.0 00 No change Methanol 59~ 0.0 -01 No change
“Butyl Acetate 41 08 No change ‘Methanol 100% 00 01 No change
Calcium Chloride 2-“_0% 00 01 No change “Motor 011 05 0.6 No change
“Carbon Dlsulflde 36.6 7.7 Swollen Nltrtc Acid (COW ) 48 14 Yellowed
‘Carbon Tetrachlonde 37.9 4.3 Swolien ‘*Oleic Acid 24 05 No change
‘Chloroform 25 1 2.6 Swollen and warped vmOlli,e 011 0.3 00 No change
‘C,trlc Acld 10% 00 0.0 No change -‘Phenol 5% 02 00 No change
“Ethanol 5040 0.1 01 No change Sooturn Chloride 10% 00 00 No change
‘Ethanol 95% 00 00 No change Sodium Carbonate 2% 00 00 No change
“Ethyl Acetate 2.6 0.6 No change Sodium Hydroxide lOoa 01 0.0 No change
‘Ethylene Dlchlorlde 6.9 09 Swollen Sodwm tiydrowde 1% 00 0.0 NO change
‘Ethylene Glycol 0.0 0.0 No change Sodium Hypochlorlte Solution 5% 0.0 -01 No change
“Ethylene Glycoi Monoethyl Ether 0.3 0.0 No change Sulfwc Acid 30% 00 00 No change
“Formaldehyde 35% 0.1 0.0 No change Sulfuric Actd 3% 00 -01 No change
“Gasolme (Regular) 13.5 3.2 Swollen, Pink “Toluene 15 1 2.9 Swollen
“Gasolme (Awatlon) 15 1 3.0 Swollen ‘Turpentme 14.5 3.3 Swollen
‘Glycerme 0.0 0.0 No change Water 00 0.0 No change
‘Green Soap Solution 00 03 No change “Wesson Oil 0.2 00 No change
‘Heptane 10.0 2.5 Swollen “Xyiene 15.4 31 Swollen
1900 UHMW Polymer is an ultrahigh molecular weight, high density polyethylene resin having a molecular weight
range between 3 and 6 million. The extraordinary wear properties of parts manufactured from 1900 UHMW Polymer
result in superior replacement parts or long-performance components on original equipment. Used either way, they
offer outstanding resistance to impact, abrasion, and chemicals, plus high energy absorption and self-lubricating
properties.
BEV-A-LINE, translucent, flexible tubing for purity systems, combines two tubings in one: an ethylene vinyl ace-
tate shell and a polyethylene liner. Liner and shell are merged by a patented extrusion process.
The shell excels in durability with superior aging characteristics. Tubing burst strength surpasses that of PVC. BEV-
A-LINEIV retains flexibility at temperatures from -60” to 160°F and BEV-A-LINE V HT withstands temperatures
from -60” to 200°F.
The liner is ideal for use where purity must be maintained and good resistance to alcohols, acids, caustics and sol-
vents is required. This tubing will resist stress-cracking. Its inert and neutral contact surface provides a stable environ-
ment in which the pH of the content is essentially maintained. The interior is exceptionally resistant to stains and
it resists absorption of liquids, stays translucent and cleans easily.
Chemical and Environmental Properties of BEV-A-LINE IV and V HT Liner and Shell at Room Temperature (73“F)
--__ 7-
PETROTHENE resins are available across the entire range of polyethylene densities 0.91 to 0.96. The variations in
density appear very small, but the effect of even a very small change in density on certain essential properties is very
marked. There are many applications for which resins of higher density and many others for which those of lower
density may be preferable. The three density ranges of polyethylene are:
ry L
Reagent Concen
tration
gjTz= Conccn.
tram ‘1
7
_..I
Concen-
tration
II
I
p’ ’ .tC’
f
Acetaldehyde 100% 1 Calcium Carbonate Sat’d. S Ethyl Acetate 100% 7 I I-
Acetic Acid’ 1.10% 1 Calcium Chlorate Sat-d. t S Ethyl Alcohol’ 100% 5 S
Acetic Acid’ IO-SO% i Calcium Chloride Sat’d. , S Ethyl Alcohol* 35% ,j s
Acetic Acid’ 80.IDO’X I Calcium Hydroxide ‘
S Ethyl Butyrate (1 U
Acetic Anhydride I Calcium Hypochlorite Bleach Sot? $ S Ethyl Chloride 1I U
Acetone I Calcium Nitrate SO% ! S Ethyl Ether II U
Acrylic Emulsions’ , Calcium Sulfate ! S- Ethylene Chloride 1I u
Ally1 Alcohol I Camphor Oil U U Ethylene Chlorohydrin 1I U
Ally1 Chloride I Carbon Dioxide 100% dry S Ethylene Dichloride 1I U
Aluminum Chloride Dilute Carbon Dioxide 100% wet I S Ethylene Glycol’ !, S
Alummum Chloride Cone. Carbon Dioxide Cold Sat’d. s S Ferric Chloride Sat’d. s1 S
Alummum Fluoride Cont. Carbon Oisulfide uI U Ferric Nitrate Sat’d. s, s
Aluminum Sulfate Cont. : Carbon Monoxide S s Ferrous Chloride Sat’d. S
Alums tall typesl Cont. Carbon Tetrachloride U U Ferrous Sulfate : S
Ammonia, 100% Dry Gas Carbonic Acid S :S fish Solubles’ S S
Ammonium Carbonate Castor Oil’ Cont. S S fluoboric Acid S S
Ammonium Chloride Sat’d. Chloracetic Acid 100% U Iu Fluorine S U
Ammonium Fluoride 20% Chlorine Dry Gas 100% 0 I fluosilicic Acid 32% S s
Ammonium Hydroxide 0,880 s.g Chlorine Moist Gas 0 I! fluosilicic Acid Cont. S ,0
Ammonium Chlorine Liquid U Iu Formaldehyde’ 40% S s
Metaphosphate Sat’d. ( Chlorine Water I% Sat’d. So S 3 Formic Acid’ O-20% S s
Ammonium Nitrate Sat’d. 4 Chlorobenzent U IJ Formic Acid’ 20.50% S s
Ammonium Persulfate Sat’d. ! Chloroform U IJ Formic Acid’ 100% S 5
Ammonium Sulfate Sat’d. a Chlorosulfonic Acid 100% U IJ Fructose Sat-d. S S
Ammonium Sulfide Sat’d. , Chrome Alum Sat’d. S <i Fruit Pulp S j
Ammonium Thiocyanatc Sat’d. ! Chromic Acid 20% S Si Fuel Oil 0 IJ
Amy1Acetate 100% I Chromic Acid up to SO% S !i Furfural 100% U tJ
Amyl Alcohol’ 100% s Chromic Acid & Furfuryl Alcohol U IJ
Amy1Chloride 100% I Sulfuric Acid’ s Cb Gallic Acid’ Sat’d. S ci
Aniline* 100% 1 Cider’ S d1 Gasoline U J
Aniline Hydrochloride Sat’d. Citric Acid’ Sat’d. s S1 Gin U I1
Antimony Chloride S Coconut Oil Alcohols’ s 5, Glucose S ‘>
Aqua Regia 1 Cola Concentrates’ 51 Glycerine’ S <,
Arsenic Acid 100% Copper Chloride Sat’d. : s Glycol” S <b
Barium Carbonate Sat’d. : Copper Cyanide Sat’d. S Glycolic Acid’ 30% S 5
Sariurn Chloride Sat’d. Copper Fluoride 2% f Grape Sugar Sard. Aq. S s
barium Hydroxide : Copper Nitrate SaYd. E : Heptane U 1I
Barium Sulfate Sat’d. Copper Sulfate Dilute 5 S Hexanol. Tert: S S
Barium Sulfide Sat’d. : Copper Sulfate Sat’d. i S Hydrobromic Acid 50% S s
Beer Cottonseed Oil’ i S Hydrocyanic Acid Sat’d. s
6enzenc : Cresol 100% I UI Hydrochloric Acid 10% : s
Benzene Sulfonic Acid’ S Cresylic Acid 50% i Hydrochloric Acid 30% S
Benzoic Acid All Cont. S Cuprous Chloride Sat’d. i s” Hydrochloric Acid 35% s” S
Bismuth Carbonate Sat’d. S Cyclohexanol’ , S Hydrochloric Acid Cont. S S
Slack Liquor S Cyclohexanone I U Hydroftuoric Acid 40% S
@leach lye 10% Detergents, Synthetic* i S Hydrofluoric Acid 60% s” S
Soras Cold Sat’d. : Developers, Hydrofluoric Acid 75% S D
Soric Acid Dilute Photographic Hydrogen 100% S
Boric Acid : Oertrin Sat’d. s” Hydrogen Bromide 10% : S
Bromic Acid 10% S Dextrose Sat’d. S Hydrogen Chloride Gas S S
Bromine Liquid 100% U Dibutylphthalate Hydrogen Peroxide 3Z 0
Bromine Water U Disodium Phosphate s” Hydrogen Peroxide 93% ! U
Butanediol’ 10% S Oiazo Salts S Hydrogen Phosphide lW% S S
Butanediol* 60% S Oiethylene Glycol’ S Hydrogen Sulfide S S
Sutanediol’ 100% Diglycolic Acid’ S Hydroquinone S
Butyl Alcohol 100% : Dimethylamine Hypochlorous &id Corn. : S
Butyric Acid Cont. U Dioctyl Phthalate : Inhs’ S
Calcium Bisulfide S Emulsions, Photographic’ S Iodine tin KI Sol’n.) Cont. s U
(continued)
Synthetic Resins and Polymers 115
‘-
Reagent 400 Reagent
Conccn- Concen- 1t
F II tration tration F
I
*The values are obtained from tests made under static conditions and using nonstressed specimens. Reagents marked with an as-
terisk (“1 may, under certain conditions, cause environmental stress cracking if the polyethylene products are improperly designed
or not made of the best suitable resins.
116 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
The XL-200 D.O.T.-exempted mini-bulk tank is a reusable, lightweight 200 gal tank system for hazardous liquids.
Rotationally molded of cross-linked high-density polyethylene (XLPE), the XL-200 has superior resistance to im-
pact and stress-cracking and is compatible with a wide range of chemicals (see chemical resistance summary). It’s
strong over a wide temperature range, from -20” to +16O”F (-29” to +71”C).
KODAR PETG Copolyester 6763 is a clear, amorphous polymer based on poly(ethylene terephthalate) and has a
number average molecular weight (Mn) of about 26,000. To obtain the data shown below, sections of unstressed in-
jection-molded tensile bars l/s inch (3.2 mm) thick were weighed and measured and immersed in the chemical or re-
agent shown and stored at 73°F (23°C) for a period of one year. At the end of the test period, each sample of plastic
was removed from the jar in which it was tested, wiped dry, and quickly weighed and measured again and the
changes in weight and thickness were calculated. The appearance of the samr !e after exposure to the test medium
was also recorded. Ordinarily, a plastic would not be suggested for continuous immersion in a reagent that causes an
increase of 5% or more in weight or thickness. This does not imply that a change in weight or thickness of less than
5% necessarily indicates suitability for immersion.
The results of these tests showed that KODAR PETG Copolyester 6763 is resistant to a variety of chemicals, high-
molecular-weight esters, aliphatic hydrocarbons, and dilute solutions of acids and salts. PETG 6763 was significantly
affected by concentrated acetic acid, acetone, benzene, toluene, carbon tetrachloride, dimethyl formamide, and
phenol and was completely deteriorated by concentrated nitric and sulfuric acids and by ethylene dichloride.
(continued)
Synthetic Resins and Polymers 117
The high resistance of TPX (polymethylpentene) to chemical attack, combined with its excellent transparency and
high temperature performance, makes it particularly suitable for a wide range of applications. TPX polymers are
highly resistant to inorganic environments, are not attacked by aqueous solutions of inorganic salts nor by most min-
eral acids or alkalis even in a concentrated form. They are, however, affected by oxidizing reagents. TPX polymers
show good resistance to many organic chemicals although, as with other polyolefins, absorption does occur in cer-
tain cases leading to a loss of rigidity and a decrease in yield stress. Tests on injection molded samples at 20°C (68OF)
and 60°C (140°F) over a period of 3 months are listed and give an indication of the behavior in practice.
RYTON polyphenylene sulfide resins and compounds are engineering thermoplastics developed by Phillips Petro-
leum Company. Available in both molding and coating grades, these materials feature excellent dimensional stabil-
ity, inherent flame retardancy, thermal stability, chemical resistance, desirable electrical properties and ease of proc-
essing.
RYTON resin compounds are resistant to a very broad range of chemical materials and at elevated temperatures are
considered second only to PTFE in overall resistance to corrosive and hostile chemical environments. Environ-
ments to which RYTON compounds do not have adequate resistance include oxidizing environments such as 50%
nitric acid, 30% sulfuric acid, sodium hypochlorite, bromine water, etc., all at 200°F (93°C) or above.
Hydrocarbons Hydrocarbons
Esters Esters
Ketones Ketones
Alcohols Alcohols
Chlorinated Chlorinated
Hydrocarbons Hydrocarbons
Bases Bases
Acids
b Change in
Chemical Appearance
Wwght Thickness
(continued)
Synthetic Resins and Polymers 121
*Injection-molded disks 2 inches in diameter and %-inch thick were immersed in the chemicals and stored under a constant temper-
ature of 73°F for one year. Polypropylene is highly resistant to chemical attack and to stress-cracking. However, a few chemicals
produce swelling and attack the surtace slightly. These chemicals are mainly chlorinated compounds, aromatic hydrocarbons, and
the higher aliphatic hydrocarbons, such as gasoline.
122 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
CHEMICAL
EXPOSURE PERMEABILITY
EXPOSURE
PERFORMANCE (gm./24 hr./
S = Satis. 100 rq. inlmil)
M= Marginal
Temp., OF Time, days U= Unsatis.
(continued)
Synthetic Resins and Polymers 123
CHEMICAL
EXPOSURE
REAGENT EXPOSURE PERMEABILITY
PERFORMANCE
,Soldr onsaturated ~ol~tton (gm.124 hr.1
S = Saris.
unlessandncated orherwsel 100 sq. inlmil)
M= Marginal
Temp., OF Time, days U= Unsatir.
Ammonium Chloride 73 S
Ammonium fluoride 68 s
140 s
212 S
Ammonium Hydroxide
(10% aqueous sol.) 73 365 S
Ammonium metaphosphate 68 S
140 S
212 S
Ammonium Nitrate 73 S
Ammonium persulphate 68 S
140 S
212 S
Ammonium Phosphate 73 S
Ammonium Sulfate 73 S
Ammonium Thiocyanate 68 S
140 S
212 S
Amy1 Acetate 73 S
Amy1 Alcohol 68 S
140 S
212 S
Amyl Chloride 68 M
140 M
Aniline 68 180 S 0.165
122 180 M 2.77
140 30 S
Anisole 68 S
140 M
212 U
Anti-freeze 68 180 S 0.0
122 180 S 0.45
Antimony Chloride, sat’d 68 S
140 S
212 M
Apple Juice 73 43 S 1.78
Aqua regia 68 S
140 M
212 U
Aromatic Hydrocarbons 73 U
Asphalt 73 U
Barium Carbonate 68 S
140 S
(continued)
124 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
CHEMICAL
EXPOSURE PERMEABILITY
REAGENT EXPOSURE
PERFORMANCE (gm.124 hr.1
(Sohdrm saturated solution S = Satis.
unlessmdicated otherwKl 100 sq. inlmil)
M= Marginal
Temp., “F Time, days U= Unsatis.
CHEMICAL
EXPOSURE
EXPOSURE PERMEABILITY
PERFORMANCE
(gm.124 hr./
S = Satis.
1 M= Marginal 100 sq. in/mill
Temp., OF Time, days U = Unsatir.
Calcium Bisulfite 73 S
Calcium Carbonate 68 S
140 S
212 S
Calcium Chlorate 68 S
140 S
212 S
Calcium Chloride
(2.5% aqueous solution) 73 365 S
Calcium Chloride
(50% Solution) 72 30 S
176 30 S
Calcium Hydroxide 68 S
140 S
212 S
Calcium Hypochlorite 73 S
Calcium Nitrate (50% sol’n.) 68 S
140 S
212 S
Calcium Phosphate 68 S
Calcium Salts 73 S
Calcium Sulfate 68 S
140 S
212 S
Calcium Sulfite 68 S
140 S
212 S
Camphor Oil 73 86 U 3.64
Cane Sugar Liquors 73 S
Carbon Bisulfide 73 365 U
Carbon Dioxide, dry 73 S
Carbon Dioxide, wet 73 S
Carbon Dioxide Solution 68 S
140 S
Carbon Disulfide 73 365 S
Carbon Monoxide 68 S
140 S
Carbon Tetrachloride 73 365 U
140 106 U
Carbonic Acid 68 S
140 S
Carrot Oil 73 S
Castor Oil 73 143 S 0.0
(continued)
126 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
Castor Oil
Caustic Soda, cont.
Caustic Soda, dil.
Cellosolve@
Cetyl Alcohol
Char-co-sol
Chlorobenzene
Chlorine Gas
Chlorine Liquid
Chlorine Water
Chlorine (wet)
Chlorine (dry)
Chlorinated Hydrocarbons
Chloroform 73 365 U
Chlorosulfonic Acid 73 U
Chlorox 73 365 S
Chrome Alum 68 S
140 S
212 S
Chocolate Syrup 73 S
Chromic Acid (10%) 73 365 S
Chromic Acid (30%) 73 S
Chromic Acid (40%) 73 30 S
140 30 S
Chromic Acid, 2 N 73 S
Cider 68 S
140 S
Citric Acid (10%) 68 180 S 0.48
122 180 S 2.3
140 30 S
sitric Acid, 2 N 73 365 S
Zitrondropar (Lemon) 68 109 S 6.43
122 109 S 22.77
Zlove Oil 73 302 M 0.0
140 159 M 5.35
Zoconut Oil 73 162 S 0.0
Zod Liver Oil 73 96 S 0.0
Coffee 73 S
Zoke Oven Gas 73 S
(continued)
Synthetic Resins and Polymers 127
CHEMICAL
EXPOSURE
REAGENT EXPOSURE PERMEABILITY
PERFORMANCE
ISohds I” saturated solutmn (gm.124 hr.1
S = Satis.
unless,nd,cated otherwsel 100 sq. in/mil)
M= Marginal
Temp., “F Time, days U = Unratis.
Copper Salts 73 S
Copper Sulfate 73 S
Core Oils 73 S
Corn Oil 73 158 S 0.0
140 167 S 0.0
Cottonseed Oil 73 191 S 0.0
140 113 S 0.0
Creosote 73 S
Cresal 73 U
Cresol 68 S
Cupric Chloride 68 S
140 S
Cupric Cyanide 68 s
140 S
Curpic Fluoride 68 S
140 S
Cupric Nitrate 68 S
140 S
Cupric Sulfate 68 S
140 S
Cuprous Chloride 68 S
140 S
Cyclohexane 68 180 M 194.0
122 180 M 100% loss
Cyclohexanol 68 180 S 0.13
122 180 S 1.63
Cyclohexanone 68 189 M 0.22
122 180 M 13.4
DDT Spray 68 S
Decalin 73 U
Detergent Solution 73 30 S
(Heavy Duty) 140 30 S
Developers 68 S
(Photographic) 140 S
Dextrine 68 S
140 S
Dextrose 68 S
140 S
Diacetone Alcohol 68 180 S 0.21
122 189 S 3.94
Diazo Salts 68 s
140 S
Dibutyl Phthalate 73 M
(continued)
128 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
CHEMICAL
EXPOSURE PERMEABILITY
REAGENT EXPOSURE
PERFORMANCE
(Solids
an rarursted solution (gm./24 hr./
S = Satis.
unlessmdicated ocherwise~ 100 sq. in/mill
1 M= Marginal
Temp., o F Time, days U= Unsatis.
Dichloroethylene 73 S
Diethanolamine 68 S
140 S
Diethyl Carbonate 68 S
140 M
Diethylene Glycol 68 S
140 S
Di-iso-octyl Phthalate 68 S
140 S
Dimethyl Ether 68 M
140 M
Dimethyl Formamide 73 30 S
140 30 S
Dimethylamine 68 180 S 1.1
122 180 M 10.6
Dioctyl Phthalate 70 100 M
(DOW 140 M
Dioxane 73 M
Disodium Phosphate 68 S
140 S
Distilled Water 73 78 S 0.55
140 160 S 5.03
Dobanic Acid 68 S
140 S
Donax “8” 68 180 S 0.0
122 180 S 0.40
Dye (Rit) 73 S
Epichlorohydrin 68 180 S 1.42
122 180 S 17.9
Ethanol (50% Aqueous
Solution) 73 365 S
Ethanol (95%) 73 365 S
Ethanolamine 68 S
140 S
Ethers 73 S
Ethyl Acetate 73 365 M 7.0
122 180 M 100% loss
140 100 M
Ethyl Acrylate 68 M
140 M
Ethyl Alcohol 73 365 S
140 100 S
Ethyl Alcohol (50%) 68 30 S
(continued)
Synthetic Resins and Polymers 129
CHEMICAL
EXPOSURE
EXPOSURE PERMEABILITY
PERFORMANCE
bnJ24 hr./
S = Satis.
100 tq. in/mill
M= Marginal
Temp., OF Time, days U-i Unsatis.
(continued)
130 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
CHEMICAL
EXPOSURE
REAGENT EXPOSURE PERMEABILIT? I
PERFORMANCE
LSolldr I” saturated solution (gm.124 hr./
S = S8tis.
unlesstndacatedofherwsel 100 sq. in/mill
M= Marginal
Temp., OF Time, days U= Unutis.
(continued)
Synthetic Resins and Polymers 131
CHEMICAL
EXPOSURE PERMEABILITY
REAGENT EXPOSURE
PERFORMANCE
IWads m saturated solution (9mJ24 hr./
S = Setir.
unlerrmdxated otherw84 100 sq. inlmil)
’ M= Marginel
Temp., o F Time, deys U= Unsetis.
Hydrocyanic Acid 73 S
Hydrolfluoric Acid, Dil. 73 s
Hydrofluoric Acid (38%) 73 30 S
Hydrofluoric Acid (40%) 140 30 S
Hydrofluoric Acid (50%) 73 S
Hydrofluoric Acid, Techn. 72 90 S
Hydrogen Bromide (10%) 68 S
140 S
Hydrogen Chloride Gas, dry 68 S
140 S
Hydrogen fluoride 73 S
Hydrogen 73 S
Hydrogen Peroxide
(3% Solution) 73 100 S
73 365 S
Hydrogen Peroxide
(28% Solution) 73 30 S
140 30 U
Hydrogen Sulfide, dry 73 S
Hydrogen Sulfide
(wet + aqudbus solut&n) 73 S
Hydroquinone 68 S
140 S
lgepal 73 365 S
Ink, Washable 73 S
Iodine Solution 73 S
Iodine (in alcohol) 73 365 S
losan 140 30 S 5.10
lpana Plus 73 30 S
Isopropyl Alcohol 68 180 S 0.25
122 180 S 3.74
Isopropyl Ether 68 186 M 48.0
122 80 M 100% loss
lsooctane 73 30 M
140 30 M
Kardemommudropar
(Cardamom 68 109 S 0.110
122 86 S 2.89
Karo Syrup 73 S
Kerosine 68 180 S 4.27
122 180 M 59.0
140 106 M
Kerosine (No. 2 fuel oil) 73 30 M
132 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
CHEMICAL
EXPOSURE
REAGENT EXPOSURE PERMEABILITY
PERFORMANCE
ISohdr I” saturated solutcm kgn.124 hr.f
unless tndicated otherwise)
S = Satis.
100 sq. inlmilb
M= Marginal
Temp.. OF 1 Time. days U= Unsatis.
CHEMICAL
EXPOSURE
REAGENT EXPOSURE PERMEABILITY
PERFORMANCE
(Sol& I” saturated solution (gmJ24 hr./
unlesstndlcated otherwtre)
s * Satir. 100 sq. in/mill
M= Marginal
Temp., OF Time. days u - Unsatir.
(continued)
134 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
T
CHEMICAL
EXPOSURE EXPOSURE
PERMEABILITY
PERFORMANCI
(gm.124 hr.1
S = Sstir.
100 $9. idmil)
M= Marginal
Temp.. OF Time, days U- Unratcs.
Nickel Nitrate 68 S
140 S
212 S
Nickel Salts 73 S
Nickel Sulfate 73 S
Nitric Acid, Cont. 73 365 S 0.42
122 180 S
140 30 U
Nitric Acid, Oil (10%) 70 100 S
140 100 M
Nitric Acid, (30%) 73 100 tvl
Nitric Acid (40%) 73 365 M
140 30 U
Nitric Acid, Cont. (50%) 70 100 M
140 100 U
Nitric Acid (75%) 68 180 M 0.42
Nitric Acid, Fuming 73 365 U
Nitrobenzene 68 180 S 0.40
122 180 S 8.4
140 100 U
Nitrogen Oxides 73 S
Vitrous Acids 73 S
Vutmeg Oil 73 82 U 1.25
DPC 60 Solution (21%) 73 100 S
3ils. Vegetables 73 S
3leic Acid 68 180 S 0.076
122 180 S 0.27
140 30 U
Ileum 68 U
140 U
212 U
3live Oil 73 365 S
140 152 S 0.0
3xalic Acid 68 180 S 0.28
122 180 S 2.3
Oxalic Acid (50%) 73 365 S
Oxygen Gas 73 S
‘almitic Acid 73 S
‘araffin Wax 68 S
140 S
‘araldehyde 68 M
140 M
)eanut Oil 73 133 S 0.0
(continued)
Synthetic Resins and Polymers 135
CHEMICAL
EXPOSURE PERMEABILITY
REAGENT EXPOSURE
PERFORMANCE
lSol,ds
on saturated solution (gm J24 hr./
s = Satis.
unlessmdlcated otherwsel 100 sg. inlmil)
M= Marginal
Temp., OF Time, days lJ= Unsatis.
(continued)
136 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
CHEMICAL
EXPOSURE
REAGENT EXPOSURE PERMEABILITY
PERFORMANCE
(Sohdr m saturated solution (gm./24 hr./
unlerr mdicated otherwsel S = Satis. 100 sq. inlmil)
M= Marginal
Temp., OF Time, days u= Unsatir.
(continued)
Synthetic Resins and Polymers 137
CHEMICAL
EXPOSURE
EXPOSURE PERMEABILITY
PERFORMANCE
(gm.124 hr./
S = Sotis.
100 sq. in/mil)
_ M= Marginal
Temp., OF Time, days U= Unsatis.
(continued)
138 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
CHEMICAL
EXPOSURE
REAGENT EXPOSURE PERMEABILITY
PERFORMANCE
Gollds &n saturated solution (gm.124 hr./
S = Satis.
unlessindicated otherwse) 100 sq. in/mill
M= Marginal
Temp., OF Time, days U= Unsatis.
(continued)
Synthetic Resins and Polymers 139
Sodium Sulfate
Sodium Sulfide
Sodium Sulfite
Sodium Thiosulfate (hype)
Soybean Oil
Spindle Oil
Stannic Chloride
Stannous Chloride
Starch
140 S
212 S
Stearic Acid 73 S
Succinic Acid 73 S
Sugars and Syrups 68 S
140 S
212 S
Sulfate Liquors 73 S
Sulfur 73 S
Sulfamic Acid 68 S
176 S
Sulphur Dichloride 68 S
Sulfur Chloride 73 S
Sulfur Dioxide (dry) 73 S
Sulfur Dioxide (wet) 73 S
Sulfuric Acid (3%) 73 365 S
140 30 S
Sulfuric Acid, Dil. (10%) 70 100 S
140 100 S
Sulfuric Acid (30%) 73 30 S
140 30 S
Sulfuric Acid (50%) 72 90 S
176 10 S
Sulfuric Acid (96%) 72 90 S
176 10 S
Sulfuric Acid (97%) 73 365 S
Sulfuric Acid, cont. (98%) 68 180 S -1.01
(continued)
140 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
CHEMICAL
EXPOSURE PERMEABILITY
REAGENT EXPOSURE
PERFORMANCE
(Solids m saturated solution (gm.124 hr.1
S = Satir.
unlesslndlcsted othmwr~~ 100 sq. in/mil)
T M= Marginal
Temp., OF Time, days U= Unsatis.
(continued)
Synthetic Resins and Polymers 141
CHEMICAL
EXPOSURE
REAGENT EXPOSURE PERMEABILITY
PERFORMANCE
(Sol,drI” saturated solutmn (gm.124 hr./
S = Satir.
unlesslndacated otherwml 100 sq. in/mill
M= Marginal
Temp., OF Time, days U = Unsatis.
Water 73 365 S
140 14 S
Water (brine) 73 S
Water (fresh) 73 S
Water (potable) 176 30 S
Wax Crayon 73 S
Wedac 140 30 S 2.46
Wesson Oil 72 30 S 0.10
Wheat Germ Oil 73 160 S 0.01
140 58 S 0.0
Whiskey 73 S
White Paraffin 68 S
176 S
White Spirit (low aromatic
content) 73 100 U
White Spirit (high aromatic
content) 73 100 U
Wines 73 30 S
Xylene 68 180 M 100% loss
73 365 M 100% loss
122 180 M 100% loss
140 100 M 100% loss
Yeast 68 S
140 S
Zinc Chloride 73 S
Zinc Oxide 68 S
140 S
Zinc Sulfate 73 S
142 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
These thermoplastic resins are crystalline, rigid and of brilliant clarity. They are formulated to suit a wide variety of
applications. All the polystyrene resins are processed by extrusion, thermoforming, blow molding or injection but
only the rubber-modified impact polystyrene or ABS can be thermoformed.
CHEMICAL
EXPOSURE
REAGENT EXPOSURE SOLVENT
PERFORMANCE (X lndtcater that
(Solodr 4” saturated solutm~
unless indscated otherwtsee)
s = Satis. the reagent acted as
M= Marginal a SolventI
Temp., OF Time. days U= Unsatis.
Acetic Acid 5% 77 365 S
Acetic Acid 10% 77 365 M
Acetic Acid 100% 77 365 U
Acetone U
Acetophenone U
Adrenalin Hydrochloride S
Adrenalin in oil M
Ally1 Alcohol U
Aluminum Chloride (Sat.) 122 365 S
Aluminum Sulphate (Sat.) 122 365 S
Ammonia S
Ammonium Hydroxide 122 365 S
Amyl Alcohol U
Amyl Acetate-n U X
Amy1 Phthalate U
Amseed Oil U
Aspirin (pwd)
Atropine Sulphate Z
Barium Carbonate (pwd) 122 365 S
Beef S
Benzaldehyde U
Benzedrine S
Benzene U X
Benzoic Acid 122 365 S
Benzyl Acetate U
Borax (Sat.) 122 365 S
Boric Acid 122 365 S
Bromine Liquid U
Butter U
Butyl Acetate iso U X
Butyl Acetate n U X
Butyl Alcohol iso 77 365 S
Butyl Alcohol n S
Butyl Phthalate U
Caffeine (Sat.) S
Calcium Hypochloride 15% M
Calcium Hypochlorite U
Camphor M
Carbon Tetrachloride U X
Carbolic Acid 50% M
Carbolic Acid 100% U
Cassia Oil U
Castor Oil S
(continued)
144 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
CHEMICAL
EXPOSURE SOLVENT
REAGENT EXPOSURE
PERFORMANCE (X lndoutn that
(Soltdr in saturated solution S = Satir. the r+gent acted *I
unless md~cated otherwant a 5ob4ent)
M=MargiMl
Temp., OF Time. dayr U- Unutir.
;lucose 30%
jlycerine 77 240 “s
ieptyl Alcohol-n S
fexane
iexyl Alcohol-n s”
horseradish M
ioney S
hydrochloric Acid 10% 77 365 S
iydrochloric Acid 38% M
iydrofluoric Acid 10% U
iydrogen Peroxide 30% S
iydroquinone M
odine Tincture M
so-propyl Alcohol 77 365 M
(erosene U
.actic Acid 16% U
_anolin 77 365 S
_ard U
.auryl Alcohol S
.ead Arsenate M
_ead Nitrate 122 365 S
_emon Juice U
_ime Water S
_ipstick M
Aagnesium Carbonate 122 365 S
Aaleic Acid 10% 77 365 S
dercuric Chloride 5% 122 365 S
Jlesityl Oxide U X
vlethyl Acetate U
wlethyl Alcohol M
wlethyl Chloride U
U X
vlethyl Ethyl Ketone
U X
Methyl lsobutyl Ketone
Methyl Propyl Ketone U X
Motor Oil M
Mustard M
Nitric Acid 20% U
Nitroglycerine S
(continued)
146 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
EXPOSURE
Tannic Acid 2%
Tartaric Acid
Tea (Sol.)
Tetrahydrofurfuryl Alcohol
Tetralin
Thionyl Chloride
Titanium Tetrachloride
Toluene
Trichloroethylene
Trisodium Phosphate (Sat.)
Triethylene Glycol
Triethylene Tetramine
Turpentine
Water
Water Carbonated
Witch Hazel Distilled
Worcestershire Sauce
Zinc Carbonate
Zinc Chloride 50%
Zinc Stearate
Synthetic Resins and Polymers 147
UDEL Polysulfone is a high performance thermoplastic known for its high temperature resistance [3OO”F (149°C)
UL listing for continuous use], hydrolytic stability, and excellent close tolerance moldability. Polysulfone also
possesses good resistance to a wide variety of aggressive environmental conditions. In the most general terms, POlY-
sulfone is highly resistant to aqueous mineral acids, alkali, and salt solutions. Resistance to detergents and hydro-
carbon oils is good, even at elevated temperatures under moderate levels of stress. In polar organic solvents such as
ketones, chlorinated hydrocarbons, and aromatic hydrocarbons, polysulfone will swell, dissolve, or stress-crack.
Acetic Anhvdrlde \K \K UK UK hK
Nifric Acid, 40% R LR . ’ ’ *
N#tr!c Acid, 71% NR * ’ * . _
Arc=tnnl= lo”% YR UK YR \R NK
Phosphoric Acid, 20% R R R R K R
Aceton~trtle. 100% ‘JR UK UK UK NR
Phosphoric Actd, 50% R R R R K R
Phosphoric Acid. 85% Benzene. 100% UK UK YK NK NK‘
K R R K R YK
Phosphoric Acid, 100% R * ’ ’ * Butanol, 100% LR . ’ ’ ’
Butvl Acetate. 100% \K YR NK NR NR
Sulfuric Acid, 40% K K R R K R
Sulfuric Actd, 65% K R R R K R
Butyl CELLOSOLVE Solvent. 100% R ’ * * ’
Suifwc Acid. 75% R R K K K NH
Butvlated Hvdroxy i\n~sole. lOO”6 LR . ’ . *
Butylated Hydroxy Toluene, 100%
R f . . +
Sulfunc Acid. 85% K K R R \K NR
Calcium Prop~onate
K *- . 1 .
Sulfuric Acod. 95% NR YK YK UK 1K \K
CARBITOL Solvent 100%
R r . f *
Bases
Ammonia. 15% R ’ ’ ’ Carbon Tetrachlorlde. 100% R 1 * * f
Ammonia. 29%
K . . * CELLOSOLVE Solvent, 100%
R * ” f .
___-
Potawum Hydroxide, 20% R R ’ Chlotobenzene. 100% UR YK UK NK NK
(22OC.)(6OOC.) (85~C.J(9s~C.)(149~C.)
Organic Chemicals (continued) 73OF. 140°F. 185OF. 210°F. 300°F.
Iroocta”e, 100% R * * * +
Iropropanol. 100% LR * * ’ *
Kerosene, 100% 1.R * * * *
Lactac Acid, 60% R R R R R
Laurie Acld
* f * . SR
MEK, 100% NK NK NK YR NR
Methanol, 100% R * * r *
Methylene Chloride, 100% NR NR NK UK zrK
Morphoiine NR NR NR NR NR
Turpentine, 100% IR ’ ’ ’ .
“Lot-Tote” AV 100% NK UK CK LK \K
“Clobber”
Acldlc Drain Cleaner, 100% LR ” * .
“Copperbwe” Copper Cleaner, 100% R * ’ ’
“Duckreal Sealant.” 100% LK * ’ ’
Odr:
ASTM Oil W, 100% K K R K
Thrs refers speclfrcaiiy to 100% chlorme (wet), It IS recognlred that WIdespread mdustry practice IS to refer to many envwonm?nts. other than 100%
chlorine. as “chlorine” expocure In many of these environmentr, polysulfone can provide excellent corrwon protection
Synthetic Resins and Polymers 149
PLIADUCT is a continuous, all plastic extruded strip, so shaped that when coiled, the edges interlock to form a rigid
duct. It is flexible. Hand bend it to any position. It will remain in that position until bent again. Lightweight and
durable, PLIADUCT has no wire or metal reinforcement. It will not corrode or oxidize. PLIADUCT is self-extin-
guishing. Service temperature range is -10” to 150°F.
Typical Resistance Features of CEEL-TITE 300 Series PVC-UVR and 500 Series PVC
ANIC
IN0 ACIDS INORGANIC SAL
- co
& DUNDS (Cont’d.1
Id .t Material recommended at
Chemical Reagent he. x;i P. Chemical Reagent :onc. max. Co”sta”t twnp.
(continued)
Synthetic Resins and Polymers 153
Furfural NR NR
Gallx Acid NR NR
GhXqse R.120 R-150
Glvcertne R-l 20 R-150
Hvdroqulnone NR r NR
Note: 3/32” & l/8” PVCType 651 are the materials of choice for lswropvl Alcohol@ 00 NR NR
plating and rinse tanks. The combinatton of temperature. Lactic Acid NR NR
Lead Acetate R-100 R-100
sol~t~qn strength and mechamcal abuse drctates this. I
Mallc Acid R-100 R-100
Electroless Solutions 8 mil PVC Type 29L9
Methyl Alcohol @ 00 NR rvR
(dIsposableI
Methyl Ethvl Ketone NR NR
I I Naphthalene NR NR
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS Nltrobenrene NR NR
led at Olefc Acid R-RT R-RT
Chemical Reagent RP. Oxalic Acid R.lOO R-110
BOEE Phenol Acid NR NR
Phe”v)hvdrazl”e NR NR
Acetaldehvde 100 NR NR
Polvv~nvl Acetate R-RT
Acetic Acid 80 NR NR
Sodwm Acetare R-100 R-110
Acetic Acid 10 R-130 R.130 R.130
Stearlc Acid R-100 R.l10
Acetlc AnhydrIde NR NR Tann~c Acid R-100 R.130
Acetone NR NR Tetrahvdrofuran NR NR
Alkvl Alcohol NR NR Trlethanolamlne NR NR
Alkvl Chloride NR NR
Amvl Alcohol NR NR
Urea R-100 I R-130
Crude 011. fuel 011s and other allphatx h jrocarbonr are s”#t ab le for
Amvl Acetate NR NR use wth PVC Type 3134. an 011 res~sta~
Amvl Chloride NR NR
I
A”lll”e NR NR
Benzene NR NR
8enro1c Acid R-100 R-110 MIS< LANf IS COMPOUNI
Eutvl Alcohol NR NR Matenal r ed
Butvl Phenol NR NR max. c, ,P.
Chemrcal Reagent 0°C. 9
Butvr~c Acid NR NR 0 IORN 651 2699 @
Carbon Dwlfrde NR NR
Dtrtllled Water l-150 R.150
Carbon Tetrachlor!de NR NR
Fert~llrer Solutions I-RT R-RT R.RT
Chloracetlc Acid NR NR
Fruit Juicer R-150
Chlorobenzene NR NR
Grape Sugar R-110
Chloroform NR NR
Mustard R.150
Chlorosulfonw Acid NR NR
Dakjre No. 31 R-100
Cltrlc Acid R-110 R-130
Photographic Solut~or I-RT R-RT
Cvclohexanol NR NR
Peanut 011 IR NR
Cvclohexanone NR NR
Sea Water l-130 R-150 R-150
DeXtrl” R-130 R.150
sugar Salutlo” R-140
Dlbutvlphthalate NR NR
Vl”BgH R-150
Dlethvl Ketone NR NR
Water (Potable) R-150
Dimethvlsmine NR NR
Wine (non-fortifIedI A-RT
Ethyl Acetate NR NR
Yeast R-150
Ethyl Alcohol@ 100 NR NR
Ethyl Bromide NR NR
Wet strength resins:
Ethyl Chloride NR NR
Kvmene 557 R-95
Ethyl Ether NR NR
Kvmene 709 IR R.70 NR
Formaldehvde 40 R-RT R-UT
Perez Rcs~ns l-95 R-95
Formtc Acid NR NR
The above ratjngs are based on the consideration of chemical resistance only. Potable water will not attack flexible vinyls, but
to store it safely from the standpoint of toxicity, a specially formulated vinyl must be used. This would also apply to any
material that is intended for human consumption. In this latter category, the possibility of the migration of very small
amounts of plasticizer having an effect on the taste of the stored liquid should be considered.
@Hydrochloric Acid must not be contaminated with organic chlorides (500 ppm max. concentration)
@Applies only to inhibited hydrogen peroxide. Unrnhibited 10% H202 will not deteriorate lining, but lining will contaminate
Solution.
02699 material is specially formulated for pit 81 pond lining applicationsand is generally serviceable after installation between
-20 deg. and +150 deg. F. It has a bacteriostat which resists attack by soil microorganisms. Some of the recommended uses
for particular compounds are shown above, however specific applrcations should be checked with the factory, particularly
those containing mixtures of the compounds mentioned above.
@Concentrations of 10% or less are suitable with all vinyls listed at right for non-food use.
@All concentrations left blank are 100% or Saturated solution.
154 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
CUPRIC FLUORIDE MURIATIC ACID SODIUM BISULFATE NITRIC ACID. 10% HEXANE
ACETIC ACID. 20% CUPRIC SULFATE NATURAL GAS SODIUM BISULFITE NITRIC ACID. 30% HYDROFLUORIC ACID.
_.
ACETYLENE CUPROUS CHLORIDE NICKELCHLORIDE SODIUM BROMIDE NITRIC ACID, 60% 0
TECLINE TL990 liners are suitable for the storage of a wide variety of chemicals. A partial guide to chemicals
which TECLINE TL990 liner will safely store includes:
FORAFLON@ in general resists mineral acids, bases, saline solutions, oxidizing agents, and halogens.
However, it is attacked by concentrated hot sulphuric acid or nitric acid and very concentrated alkaline
solutions.
FORAFLON” resists alcohols, chlorinated solvents, aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons and crude oil.
It swells in certain polar solvents like ketones and esters and dissolves in aprotic solvents like
dimethylacetamide, dimethylformamide and N methylpyrrolidone. It is also attacked by hot amines.
As an indication, the following table shows the good resistance of FORAFLONQD immersed under stress
in some particularly aggressive reagents.
Test pieces are cut according to ASTM D 1708 from an extruded plate 0.7 mm thick, and either unbent
or bent by the device recommended in standard ASTM D 1693: the.y are immersed in a reagent at the
temperature indicated.
The tensile properties are checked periodically.
For the reagents indicated, the yield strength of both bent and unbent test pieces varied by at least 10%
after one year, as compared with that of a control left in the air at the same temperature.
Reagents Temperature “C
“Teflon”@ TFE fluorocarbon resin is so broadly chemically resistant that factors such as temperature, pressure and their
fluctuations are usually the primary influence on the serviceability of this material in a specific application. Solvents and gases
known to require special consideration due to these factors are indicated by asterisk(*).
Also, selection of material for fittings is influenced by reagent, concentration, duration of exposure and other
considerations. For guidance only, our preliminary recommendations for coupling material are indicated by letter following
the reagent, thus: (B) brass; (Cl carbon steel; (S) stainless steel; (M) monel.
1. Based on expenmenls conducted up lo the bolllng points of the liquids Itsted. Absence of a speclflc chemical does not mean that 11is lncompatlble
with TEFLON resns.
2. Some halogenated solvents may cause moderate swelling. Note Values are averages only and not for speckatlon purposes.
50 (122)
70 (158) 12 mo. :
20% 100 (212) 8 hr. 0
200 (392) 8 hr. 0
Nitric acid 10% 25 (77) 12 mo.
70 (158) 12 mo. E.1
Sulfuric acid
30% 25
70 (158)
(77) 12 mo. :
100 (212) 8 hr. 0
200 (392) 8 hr. 0.1
Sodium
hydroxide 10% 25 (77) 12 mo. 0
70 (158) 12 mo. 0.1
50% 100 (212) 8 hr. 0
Ammonium
hydroxide 10% 25 (77) 12 mo. 0
70 (158) 12 mo. 0.1
(continued)
158 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
168 Hour Exposures to Solvents’at Their Boiling Pointsm 166 Hour Exposure to Acidic Reagent
Range of Range of
Temperature Weight Gains Temperature Weight Gains
“C “F % “C “F %
__
Aniline 185 (365) 0.3-0.4 Bromine (anhyd.) 22 (-5) 0.5(3'
Acetophenone 201 (394) 0.6-0.8 Chlorine (anhyd.) 120 (248) 0.5-0.6
Benzaldehyde 179 (354) 0.4-0.5 Chlorsulfonic Acid 150 (302) 0.7-0.8
Benzyl Alcohol 204 (400) 0.3-0.4 Chromic Acid, 50% 120 (248) 0.00-0.01
n-Butyl Amine 78 (172) 0.3-0.4 Ferric Chloride, 25% 100 (212) 0.00-0.01
Carbon Tetrachloride 78 (172) 2.3-2.4 Hydrochloric Acid, 37% 120 (248) 0.00-0.03
Dimethyl Sulfoxide 190 (372) 0.1-0.2 Phosphoric Acid (Cone) 100 (212) 0.00-0.01
Freon@113 47 (117) 1.2(3) Zinc Chloride, 25% 100 (212) 0.00-0.03
Iso-Octane 99 (210) 0.7-0.8
Nitrobenzene 210 (410) 0.7-0.9
Perchloroethylene 121 (250) 2.0-2.3 Table IV Notes:
(1) No significant differences between FEP and PFA
Sulfuryl Chloride 68 (154) 1.7-2.7 resins in these tests.
Toluene 110 (230) 0.7-0.8 (2) These are essentially equilibrium values;
Tri-Butyl Phosphate 200(‘)(392) 1.8-2.0 additional exposure times would not increase the
values significantly.
(3) PFA data only.
(4) Not boiling.
(5) Values are test averages only and are not for
specification purposes.
TABLE 1.51: VINYL ESTER RESINS-INTERPLASTIC CORP.
Chemical Resistance Co-Rezyn’3 Vinyl Ester Resins*
Maximum Recommended Temperature OF
Maximum Recommended Temperature OF
Chemical
A
Concentratlor
% by Weigh
1
1
t
\IE
\IE
8100
8300 VE 8440 VE 8710 VE 8520 Chemical
Ammonium Slcarbonate
Concentration
% by Weigh
O-50
VE 8100
VE 8300
150
VE 8440
150
VE 8710
150
VE 8520
150
Alcohd. Butyt All 100 160 120 29 100 100 150 100
Anlllne All NR NR NR NR
100 NR NR NR
Atcohol, Methyl lrobutyl Anlllne Hydrochloride All 150 150 180 150
10 150 150 150 150
Alcohol, Secondary Sutyl Anlllne Sulfate All 210 210 210 210
10 150 150 150 150
Aluminum Fluorlde All 80 80 80 80 0-Benroyl Benzolc Acid All 780 180 180
Aluminum Hydroxtde All 180 180 200 150 Barium Acetate All 210 210 210 210
Aluminum Nltrate All 160 160 180 150 Earlurn Carbonate All 210 210 210 210
Atumlnum Poteulum Sulfate All 210 210 220 210 Barlom Chloride All 210 210 210 210
Ammonia. Aqueous O-20 140 140 140 140 Sarlum Hydroxlda O-IQ 150 150 180 15r
Ammonia, Gas 100 100 180 100 Barium Sulfate All 210 210 210 210
Carbon Dlsulflda NR NR NR NR
Bronze Plating Solution: 180 180 190
Sutyl Cellosolve 100 100 Chlorinated Wax All 180 180 180 180
Eutylene Glycol 100 160 160 180 Chlorine DIoxIdelAIr 15 200 200 200
(continued)
TABLE 1.51: VINYL ESTER RESINS-INTERPLASTIC CORP. (continued)
Maximum Recommended Temperature “F Maximum Recommended Temperature OF
Chlorine Wsbr All 160 180 190 Copper Pickling Bath: 200 200 200
10% Ferrk Sulfate
Chioroecetk Acid 25 120 120 120 10% Sulturlc Acid
50 100 100 100 copper Sulfate All 210 210 210 210
Chlorobenxene 100 NR NR 100 NR Corn Starch Slurry 210 210 210 210
Coconut 011 210 210 210 210 Detergents, Sultonated All 210 210 210
Copper Chloride All 210 210 210 210 Diallyl phthalate All 150 150 190
CopperCyanide All 210 210 210 210 Di-Ammonium Phosphate 65 210 210 210 210
Copper Matte Dlpplng Beth: 160 160 200 Diethyl Benzene 100 60 60 100
30% Ferric Chloride
19% Hydrochloric Dlethyl Carbonate 100 NR NR NR NR
(continued)
TABLE 1.51: VINYL ESTER RESINS-INTERPLASTIC CORP. (continued)
Chemical
Oiethytane Glycol
20
1
Concentration 1 \IE 8100
% by Weigh t \{E 8300
150
120
VE 8440
150
120
VE 8710
200
150
VE 8520
120
Chemical
EthyleneGlyeolMor&utyiEttw
Ethyl Sulfate
Concentratio
% by Wefgt
All
100
WE 8100
VE 8300
80
VE 8440
80
VE 8710
100
100
VE 8520
(in Kerosene)
Electrosol 5 150 150 150 150 Flue Gas 340 340 340
Epoxidlzed Soybean 011 100 150 150 150 150 FluosillclcAcid 10 210 210 210 210
Esters, Fatty AcIda 100 180 180 180 20 180 180 180 180
(continued)
TABLE 1.51: VINYL ESTER RESINS-INTERPLASTIC CORP. (continued)
Maximum Recommended Temperature OF Maximum Recommended Temperature “F
Concentratio VE 8100 Concentration IIE 8100
Chemical % by Weigh VE 8300 VE 8440 VE 8710 VE 8520; Chemical % by Weight 1IE 8300 VE 8440 VE 0710 VE 8520
Gasoline, Auto 190 180 190 Hydrochloric Acid O-20 210 210 210 210
20-37 190 190 180 180
Gsrollne, Avletlon 150 150 190 Hydrochloric Acid 30 190 190 190
saturated wlth Chlorine gse
Gssollne, Ethyl 180 190 190 190
Hydrocysnlc Acid All 180 150 180 190
Gssollne, Sour 180 190 190
Hydtolluwlc Acid 10 150 150 150 150
Gluconk ACM 50 150 190 190 150
20 100 100 100 100
Glucoee All 210 210 210 210
HydrotluoslllclcAcid 10 180 190 190 190
Gluteraldehydc SO 120 120 120
Hydrogen Sromlde, Wet Gas 100 160 190 190 190
Gluterk Acid 50 120 120 120
Hydrogen Chlortde, Dry Gas 100 210 210 210 210
Glycertne All 210 210 210 210
Hydrogen Chlortde, Wet Gas 100 210 210 210 210
Glycol. Ethylene All 210 210 210 210
Hydrogen Peroxlde O-30 150 150 150 150
Glycol, Propylene All 210 210 210 210
Hydrogen Sulflde, dry All 210 210 210 210
Glycollc Acid 10 190 150 200
Hydrogen Sulfide, Aqueour All 210 210 210 210
70 80 90 100
Hydrogen Fluorlde, Vapor 190 190 190 190
Glyoxal 40 90 80 80
Hydroeultlte Bleach 190 190 150 180
Gold Plating Solution: 190 190 180 190
63% Potserlum Ferrocysnlde Hypochlorous Acid 10 190 150 100 150
2% Potarrlum Gold Cysnlde
20 150 150 150 150
.8% Sodium Cyantda
H
troll PtathIg Solutton: 190 180 180
HOptllll~ 150 150 150 150 45%FeCl : 15%CeCl
20FeSO,:ll%(NH,),SO~
liexane i50 150 150 150
Iron end Steel Clesnlng Seth: 190 180 190
Hexylene Glycol 150 150 150 150 9% Hydrochlork
23% Sulturk
Hot Stack Gerres 340 340 340
Hydraulk Fluld 210 210 210 210 isopropyl Amlno All 100 100 120
(continued) z
TABLE 1.51: VINYL ESTER RESINS-INTERPLASTIC CORP. (continued)
Maximum Recommended Temperature OF Maximum Recommended Temperature OF
Concentration ilE 8100 Concentration fE 8100
Chemical % by Weigh1 fE 8300 VE 8440 VE 8710 VE 8520 Chemical % by Weigh1 IE 8300 VE 8440 VE 8710 VE 8520
Jet Fuel 180 180 180 Marcurous Chloride All 210 210 210 210
Lasso (50% Chlorobenzone) Ntt NR 120 NR Mineral Ollr 210 210 210 210
titex All 120 120 120 Molybdenum Dlsulflde 100 200 200 200
Laura1Chtorlde 100 210 210 210 210 Monochloro Acetlc Acid 100 NR NR NR NR
Lead Acetate All 210 210 210 210 Motor 011 210 210 210 210
Lead NItrate All 210 210 210 210 Myrlstlc Acid 100 210 210 210 210
Llthlum Sulfate
Naphthelene 100 180 180 200 180
All 210 210 210 210
Nickel Chloride All 210 210 210 210
Magneelum Hydroxide All 210 210 210 210 Nickel PLetlng 180 180 180 180
44% Nickel Sulfate
Magnesium Sultate All 210 210 210 210 4% Ammonium Chloride
4% Sorlc Acid
Malelc Acid All 210 210 210 210 Nickel Sulfate All 210 210 210 210
(continued)
TABLE 1.51: VINYL ESTER RESINS-INTERPLASTIC CORP. (continued)
Maximum Recommended Temperature OF Maximum Recommended Temperature QF
Chemical
Nitric Acid
Concentration
20
1
I
% by Weigh1 I
v‘E 8100
\i‘E 8300
150
120
VE 8440
150
120
VE 8710
150
140
VE 8520
150
120
Chemical
Phthallc Acid
Pickling Acids,
Concentratior
% by Weighi
All
VE 8100
VE 8300
210
VE 8440
210
VE 8710
210
VE 8520
210
Oaklte Rust Stripper 160 160 160 160 All 210 220
Potassium Alum Sulfate 210 210
Oil, Sour Crude 100 210 210 210 210 210 210
Potssslum Bromide All 210 210
Oil, Sweet Crude 100 210 210 210 210 All 150 150
Potassium Carbonate 150 150
Perchlorathylene 100 100 100 100 100 Potassium Permanganate All 210 210 210 210
Perchlorlc Acid 10 150 150 150 150 Potasrlum PersuIfa1e All 210 210 210 210
30 100 100 100 100 Potassium Sulfate All 210 210 210 210
Peroxide Bleach 210 210 210 210 PropIonIc Acid 20 200 200 200 200
2% Sodium Peroxlde g6%
.025% Epson? Salt& 5% 60 160 160 160 160
Sodium Sillcrfe, 42’BE
1.4% Sulhirlc Acid, 86’Be 100 NR NR NR NR
Phenol Sulfonlc Acid 100 NR NR NR NR Pulp Paper Mill Effluent 160 160 160
(continued)
TABLE 1.51: VINYL ESTER RESINS-INTERPLASTIC CORP. (continued)
Selkylk Acid All 160 160 160 160 Sodium Ferrkyanlde All 210 210 210 210
Seback Acid All 210 210 210 210 Sodium Ferrocyanlde All 210 210 210 210
Selenlus Acid All 210 210 210 210 Sodium Fluoride All 180 180 180 180
Silver Nltrete All 210 210 210 210 Sodium Fluoro Silicate All 150 150 130 150
Sllvar Plating Solution 200 200 200 Sodium Hexametaphosphetes All 120 120 120 120
4% Silver Cvsnlda
7% Potas&m Cyanide Sodium Hydroxide 5 180 180 200 160
5% Sodlum Cyenlde
2% Potassium Cerbonete 10 150 150 200 150
-eP* All 210 210 210 Sodium Hydrosulflde All 210 210 210 210
Sodium Acetate All 210 210 210 210 Sodium Hypochlorlte o-5 180 180 180 160
Sodium Alumlnete All 120 120 120 120 Sodium liypochlorlte 5-15 130 150 150 130
Sodium Alkyl Afyl Sulkmates All 150 150 150 150 Sodium Lwryl Sullste All 180 180 180 180
S&urn Benmate 100 160 180 210 180 Sodium Mono-Phosphate All 210 210 210 210
Sodium Skarbonste All 160 160 160 180 Sodium Nltrate All 210 210 210 210
Sodium Bllluorlde All 120 120 120 120 Sodium Nltrlte All 210 210 210 210
Sodium Elsulfata All 210 210 210 210 Sodium Persulfate 20 130 130 130 130
Sodium Slsulflta All 210 210 210 210 Sodium Silkate All 210 210 210 210
Sodium Bromste 10 210 210 210 Sodium Sulfate All 210 210 210 210
Sodium Sromlde All 210 210 210 210 Sodium Sulfide All 210 210 210 210
So&urn Co&mete o-25 160 160 180 Sodium Sulllte All 210 210 210 ‘210
35 160 160 180 Sodium Tetra Borate All 200 200 200 200
Sodium Chlorate All 210 210 210 210 Sodium Thlocyenste 37 180 180 160 180
Sodium Chloride All 210 210 210 210 Sodium Thlosulfste All 180 180 180 180
Sodium Chlorite All 150 150 210 150 Sodium Trlpolypho8phste All 210 210 210 210
Sodium Chromate 50 210 210 210 210 Sodium Xylene Sullonate All 210 210 210 210
Sodium Cyenlde All 210 210 210 210 Sorbltol Solutlonr, All 150 150 150 130
Sodium Dlchromete All 210 210 210 210 Sour Crude 011 100 210 210 210 210
(continued)
TABLE 1.51: VINYL ESTER RESINS-INTERPLASTIC CORP. (continued)
soya Oil All 210 210 210 210 Thioglycolic Acid 10 100 100 100
Stannk Chloride All 210 210 210 210 Thionyl Chloride 100 NR NR NR NR
t
Slsnnous Chloride All 210 210 210 210 Tin Plating 200 200 200
16% Stannous Fluoroborate
Slasrk Acid All 210 210 210 210 7% Till
9% Fluorborlc Acid
StyWe 100 NR NR NR 2% Boric Acid
Sugar, Bee1 and Cane Liquor All 160 160 160 160 Toluene Solfonlc Acid All 210 210 210 210
SultanIlk Acid All 210 210 210 210 Trichlor Acetlc Acid 50 210 210 210 210
Tetrasodlum Ethylens-
V
Dlemlns All 120 120 120
Vegetable 011s 210 210
Textone’- 50% Aqusous
Sodium Chlorete 210 210 210 Vhwgar 210 210 210 210
(continued) 5
TABLE 1.51: VINYL ESTER RESINS-INTERPLASTIC CORP. (continued)
21°C Plating Solutlo”: I60 160 160 MVR 6040 - Fire retardant. brominated Modilied Vinyl Ester Resm with a flame
9% Zinc Cyanide spread of IeSs than 25 per ASTM E 64 “Tunnel Test”. when used with 3% antmony
4% Sodium Cyanfde trioxlde. DOeS not slfsl” the optimum physical proprrttrs and corrosion resistance
9% So&urn Hydroxide associsled with the Vmyl Ester Resm. VE 6440
MVR 6050 - Fire retardant. brominated Modlfled Vinyl Ester with a flame spread
rate of less then 25. per ASTM E 64 “Tunnel Test”, when used wlth 3% antimony
21°C PMng
solutto”: !OO 200 200 trloxlde An economic choice where superior corrosion resistance and physical
49% Zinc fluoborat* propertles are required over fire relardanl lsophthallc polyester resins
6% Ammonium Chloride
6% Ammonium Ftuoroborate MVR 6060 - Ffre retardant bromfnated Modlfled Vlnyl Ester resin which does not
require the use of SntlmOny trloxlde or other flame retardant chemicals lo achieve
the ASTM E 64 “Tunnel Test” rstlng of less than 25 Only a small sacrifice of chemical
resfstance and physical propertles from the unmodified vlnyl ester VE 6400.
Acetic Add O-25 170 !70 170 200 Glycol, Ethylrne All 200 200 200 210
50 150 150 150 180
H9X4M All 150 150 150 150
ACetOll* 100 NR NR NR NR
Hydrochloric Acid O-20 180 180 150 210
Alcohol, Ethyl 100 80 60 80 80 20-37 150 150 120 180
10 150 150 150 150
Hydrolluorlc Add 10 150 150 150 150
Alcohol, Methyl 100 NR NR .NR NR 20 100 100 100 100
10 150 150 150 150
Hydrogen Suttlde All 200 200 200 200
Alum All 170 170 170 210
Jot Fuel 180 180 180 180
Ammonls, Aqueous o-20 140 140 80 140
KerrnOn* 180 180 180 180
Ammonla, Oar 100 100 100 100
Naphtha 180 180 180 180
Ammonia, Llquld NR NR NR NR NR
Nltrlc Acid 5 150 150 120 150
Ammonium Carbonate All 150 150 120 150 20 120 120 100 120
50 60 80 NR NR
Ammonium Hydroxide O-20 150 150 80 150
29 100 100 80 100 011, sour 200 200 200 210
SrllN All 200 200 200 210 Phorphorlc Acid All 200 200 170 210
Chlorine Qar, Wet or Dry 100 180 180 180 210 Sodium Carbonate o-25 180 180 120 150
TEMPERATURE LIMIT
CHEMICAL
SOLUTION
Alcohol, Methyl
Alcohol. Isopropyl 180
150 82
66 180
160 82
66 100
-- _-
38 RP-34
-- -
Alcohol, Polyvinyl 150 66 150 66 loo 38 RP-34
_ ^ .M I
II NH , NM , NH 1 N” N” , --
(continued)
TABLE 1.52: EPOXY AND POLYESTER PIPE AND FITTINGS-AMERON (continued)
CHEMICAL
SOLUTION
“V
Dcalc~umPhosphate-_
(continued)
TABLE 1.52: EPOXY AND POLYESTER PIPE AND FITTINGS-AMERON (continued)
tlvowhlorour Acid
wine
Jet Fuel
KWOWW
Lactic Acid
Latex
Louric Acad
Lead Acetate
Lead NItrate
Levulinic Acid
Lime
Linseed Oil
Lithium Chloride
Lube 011
Magnesium Carbonate
Magnesium Chloride
Magnesium Hydroxide
Magnestum Nitrate
hlagneswm Sulfate
Maleic Acid
Mercuric Chloride
Mercurous Chloride
Mercury
Methacrylic Acid, Glacial
Methyl Chloride
Methyl Ethyl Ketone
Methyl Isobutyl Alcohol
Methyl lrobutyl Cdrbitol
Methyl Isobutyl Ketone
Methyl Methaaylate
Methyl Sulfonic Acid
Methylene Chloride
Mineral Oil
Naphtha
Naphthalene
Nickel Chloride
Nic!xel Nitrate
Nickel Sulfate
Nitric Acid
Nitnc Acid
Nitrobenzan
hlitrogen Solutions
31, Sour Crude
(continued)
TABLE 1.52: EPOXY AND POLYESTER PIPE AND FITTINGS-AMERON (continued)
___ ._
TEMPERATURE LIMIT ---1-- TEMPERATURE LIMIT
--II
CHEMICAL 2000 SERIES 4000 SERIES 5060
SOLUTION IEDcd’ ,Pd”s,W,
Adhesivetm
OF OC OF OC
NR
NOTES:
1. Concentration
Sugar
Solutions I! 2204’ ( 104 Where no concentration is shown, recommendations apply to
Sulfite Liquors II 150 I 66 1 150 1 66 1 200 1 93 I RP-34 any concentration up to 100% or saturation.
Sulfur Chloride NR NR NR NR NR 1 NR j -- Where a concentration range is given, recommendations apply
to any concentration within that range.
Where a single concentration is given, only that specific con-
centration has been tested.
2. Use RP-34 adhesive for all applications except use RP-GA for
food applications up to 200°F (93’C).
3. Use adhesive shown for field installation except use RP-105 or
RP-GA adhesive for food applications.
4. Use Bondstrand filament-wound fittings and flanges. Molded
flanges may be used in Series 5000 systems.
u II NR I NR 1 NR ] NR , NR , NR , --
,, NR-Not Recommended
TABLE 1.53: PHENOL-FORMALDEHYDE AND FURFURYL ALCOHOL-FORMALDEHYDE RESINS- AMETEK, HAVEG DIVISION
Mmmum
TWllperatUre
Haveg 41 NA is a lhermosetting plastic, based on a composition Chemical Service Grade sO*F 160°F “F
of phenol-formaldahyde resin end inert non-asbestos silicate 4i NA NR
fillers. It is generally recommended for service with mineral acid, Acetaldehyde. 90% y,..^
c, Mb I UEI
..I.
I
salts and chlorinated aromatic hydrocarbons. 41 NP E E.120
61 NA E NR.120
.1 NA E E E-212
Haveg 61NA is a thermosetting.plastic based on a composition 61 NA E G G.212
of furfuryl alcohoLformaldehyde resin and inert non.asbestos _ .
dl NC Trot
.__.
silicate fillers. It Is generally recommended for service with Acel~c anhydrIde
51 NA 1 G F 1 NR.212
dilute acids, alkaline reactions and chlorinated aromatic hydro 01 NA 1 NR I
carbons. ACelOl-te R,NA I G F.133
41 NA F NR
Acetonltrile. 201 61 NA G F
Haveg 46 is a phenol-formaldehyde resin with a graphite filler 11 NA NR
Its primary consideration is for use with hydrofluoric acid, Acelyl chloride
61 NA Tl?st
fluosilicic acid, and related fluorinebearing compounds.
41 NA G
Acrylic acid. Bosh
61 NA E
41 NA F NR
Haveg 66 is furfuryl alcohol-formaldehyde resin with a graphite Acrylonltrile
61 NA G F
filler. In addition to its resistance lo HF and related compounds,
41 NA E E E-300
Haveg 66 has the same resistance to alkalies as Haveg 61 NA. Alurmnum chloride
61 NA E E E-300
41 NA E E E-2.W
Aluminum sulfate
61 NA E E
41 NA NR
KEY: Ammonium hydroxide. 26%
61 NA E E
E = Excellent. Can be used generally, and is to all intents and purposes not 41 NA E E NR-212
n-Amy1 alcohol G-278
affected at all by chemicals at the test temperature. 61 NA E E
Haveg 41 NA, when exposed to 0.5% NaOH in water, will be seriously attacked
overnight. 1% NaOH will begin its attack immediately.
(continued)
TABLE 1.53: PHENOL-FORMALDEHYDE AND FURFURYL ALCOHOL-FORMALDEHYDE RESINS-AMETEK, HAVEG DIVISION (continued)
Maximum
Maximum
Temperature
Chemical Serries Temperature
Chemical Service Grade 80°F l&F ‘F
Benzotrachlonde ‘1 NA E hR
Chlorosulfornc ac,d
6’ NA 1es1
______
*I h‘ E NR
4: NA NR
61 hC G F Chromic acts 30%
61 NA NR
41 luc Test
41 NA NR
hl hL F F.9a-Y Chromic acid 10%
61 NA NR
41 h' E G
een2yl chloride 41 NA NR
“I IWL E E.140 Chromic BCX!. 2% (with sulfuric ac~dl
61 NA NR
41 NL E E E-300
Bow acid 41NA E E E-300
61 NC E E E.3W Copper lullate
61 NA E E E.3W.l
41N‘ ,’ E E Em0
__..
_~ Al NA E E E.300
Bromine, 3% maximum 61 N‘ I F F I F.-&n
-1”” Cupw chlorfde
61 NA E E E-300
41NF 1 NR-212
41 NA E
n_Bulyl alcohol r. .I, I E E E-212 Cyano‘,en chlonde
E
61 NA Test
41 NC Test
~Butyl chloride, sec.butyl chlor#de ___ 41 NA E E
61 NP E E
41 NL E E G.266
n-Bulyric acid 41 NA 1 E E 1 E-212
61 NA E E G.266 Dibutyl ether
61 NA t E E I E-212
41 N‘ E E E-300
Calcium chlorlde 4, NA E E E.212
61 NF E E Dibutyl phthalate
61 NA E E E-212
dl ML
. NR
,..
Calcium hypcchlorile 41 NA E E
61 NC 1 NR Dabutyltin dichloride 61 NA E F
41 NC 1 E E
Carbon disulfide
_
Al&J‘ I F F
41 NA E E E-212
Carbon letrachlonde
61 NA E E G.212
41 NL E E
Chloral kl NL c F
I. ..r & .
41 N& G-257
Chlorel. 32% and MCB, 64% 4, NA G
61 NL. E E E-257 Dlethyl ether
61 NA E
41 NA F NR.203
Chloral. 40% and MCB, 59% 41 NA E E G-212
61 NC E E E.203 Dlethylkelone
61 NA G G G-212
dl NL R c.
Chloral hydrate 41 NA TM
61 NL ; G Dtethylene ~lycol
61 NA E E E-23C
41 NA E E
Chlordlne
dl +.I&
_. . _._
I=.,,,
61 NA Test Dusobutyl ketone
61 NA G-212
41 NA E E E.212
Dimethyl phfhalate
61 NA E E E.212
41 NA 1 NR I
Eplchlorohydrln
61 NA 1 NR
41 NA Tell
Ethyl acetate
61 NA G G
41 NA F NR
Ethyl alcohol kl NA F r:
(continued) s
TABLE 1.53: PHENOL-FORMALDEHYDE AND FURFURYL ALCOHOL-FORMALDEHYDE RESINS-AMETEK, HAVEG DIVISION (continued)
Maximum Maximum
Temperature Temperature
Chemiul Servia GWJ9 80°F l&F “F Chemwzat Service Grade 8dF 160-F “F
1’ NA NR 4: kA NR
Methyl isobulyl ketone. 100% FT,e”ol. 100%
6: NA G-212 61 NA NR
P! NA G 41 NA G F NW212
Methylene chloride P”enol, 65%
6’ NA G 61 NA NR
4: NA T& 41 NA E G F.212
Monochloroacelic acld Phenol. 9% 61 NA NR
6’ NA NR G
4, NA Test 41 NA E E G.212
Phenol. 6%
Uonoch1oroaceto”e. 10%
61 NA G _
61 NA F F NW212
41 NA E E E-212
Phenyl ether
41 NA NR I
Ho”ochlorobe”re”t
61 NA E E E.212 61 NA E E 1
41 NA TCSl ‘7 NA F F I
Uonoethanolamme. 20% PhOSpe”e
6, NA G.l!U 61 NA 1 -
Test
41 NA 1 Test I 41 NA E E EP12
Monoethmoiamlne. 50% Phosphoric awj. 50%
61 NA 1 F-212 61 NA E E E.212
41 NA E E E.233 .I NA G G G.212
Uwosodwm methyl arsenate Phosphorous orychlorlde
61 NA E E E-223 61 NA E E G.212
41 NA E E E.300 41 NA E E E.300
Naphthylene Phosphorous trlchloride
61 NA F F ____
l=.!aY 61 NA E E E-300
Nitric acid. 2% maximum 41 NA 1 E E 1 41 NA E E E.300
Polasswn bisullate
(with sulturic acid not recommended) 61 NA , G_
1 NR i 61 NA E E E-300
11
_ NA I NF)
. I 41 NA 1 F I
Potassium cyanide
Ntlrilotriacetic aud
61 NA NR 61 NA 1 E E 1 E-212
41 NA E G F-212 11 NA I F I
Potasswm dlchromsle. 5%
Nitrobenzene
61 NA E E HR.212 61 NA 1 F I
41 NA E E F-2t2 41 NA 1 NR
Nitrophenol
61 NA E E E-265
PolPssslum permangana1e
_.
6, NA I NR I
11 NA F-212 41 NA E F
n.Octyl alcohol Proplonic l#d. lCQ*A 61 NA E F
61 NA E E E.212
41 NA E E E.212 41 NA E G
W3ctyl chloride Ropiorw aad, 30%
61 NA E E E-212 61 NA E E E-212
41 NA E E E.265 41 NA NR
Oleic acid Pyrldlne
61 NA E E G-265 61 NA NR
41 NA E G G.xx) 41 NA G G
Oxsl~c wad. 20% Resorcinol. 46%
61 NA E E E.200 61 NA G G
41 NA E E E-212 41 NA E E Eaco
PlWil” Sodwm bisulfate
61 NA E E E.212 61 NA E E E-300
41 NA E E E.212 41 NA E E E.303
F’e”tachloroethS”e Sodaurn bwltile
61 NA E G G.212 61 NA E E E-300
41 NA NR
Pentan&ione
_. .
61 NA r. F
Al NA 1 E E 1 E-212
Pwchloroethylene
61 NA 1 E E 1 E-212
(continued)
TABLE 1.53: PHENOL-FORMALDEHYDE AND FURFURYL ALCOHOL-F0 ALDEHYDE RESINS-AMETEK, HAVEG DIVISION (continued)
Maximum
Temperature Temperature
Chemiul Service Grade BO’F 160-F -F Grads 80°F 1SO’F “F
4’ NA -rest ND
61 NA E E E-212
PI NA TfZ.1 Nfi
67 NA E E E.212
41 kA E E G.212
61 NA E F
Synthetic Resins and Polymers 179
H-RON 92 Maximun fwe retardancy. Class I flame spread cm he F’rimmily for severe fume handling equipment to 25O’F.
achreved. Good corrosion resistance.
HETRON 197 Habganated polyester. Maxbtmn corrosbn and heat All eqwpment where maxrmum corrosron and heat resrstance are
resistance. Class I or II flame spread can be achiiad. required - intemrittent service to about 600°F: contrnuously rn
350°F range. Excelbnt for hot wet chlorine and other hrghly
oxidizing environments.
HETRON 72 Similar to HETRON 197 series. General corrosbn resrstant equrpmant. linings, coatmgs. toppings,
HITRON 700 9isphanol~A Fumarate resins. Excellent corm&on resistance. All corrosbn resrstant equipmmt except fume handhng systems
Non-fire retardant. to about 250°F. Ideal for caustrc and hvwchbnte.
1
AROPOL 7430 Resilient isophthahc resms. Nonfire retardant. Moderate All equpment except fume handling systems to about 150°F.
Series (Includes corrosbn resrstance. Excaflent for filament winding applicatrons.
HETRON 99P Fee retardantlisophthafic with grnrd mrrosbn resistance. For ftane handling equipment to 250°F.
Class I f&ins spread can be achiied.
.
Service Temperature - Temperature data is not Asterisks - Resins marked with an asterisk indicate
necessarily the maximum service temperature. It is the that it is preferable to use this resin over another resin
upper temperature at which a specific resin has been even though both are resistant at the temperatures
satisfactorily tested or used. listed in the Guide.
AMB - Refers to ambient temperature of 7!XO’F. LS - Indicates that limited service life can be
expected. This means that some chemical attack will
Blank Space - Showing no service temperature
occur but not enough to render the equipment useless.
recommendation indicates that insufficient resistance
data was available. It does not mean that the resin is NR- Resin is not recommended.
unsuitable for that environment.
CHEMICAL CONCEN.
ENVIRONMENT TRATION %
Acid: Salt
Adogall* ... Sherex Chemical Co. Gbhrlte 15, X-200 ......... Ashland Oil, Inc.
Aemsol . American Cyanamid Co. GokbnGb .............. Spartan Chemical Co., Inc.
Allpal .......... Chemical Div., GAF Corp.
Abdlrm ........ Amchem Products Inc. Halao Sg ................ Hooker Chemicals 8
Am&em . Amchem Products Inc. Plastics Corp.
Amerex . . . . . . . . Drew Chemical Corp.
Amine Salt Solutbns. Igepal .................. Chemical Div., GAF Corp.
73g73 M-A, m-0, M-C W. R. Grace Co., lrgasd DA ............... Ciba-Geigy Corporation
Dewey 8 Almy Div. Isocure ................. Ashland Oil, Inc.
AmscoBKOH Solvent American Mineral Spirits Co. Isoprep ................. The Richardson Co.
Anthlum Dbxtde International Dioxide Inc.
Apache Wyandotte Chemical Co., JM-235, JM-271 ........... Johns-Manville
J. P. Ford Div.
Kymene ................. Hercules Powder Co.
Amlaal Armak Co.
Arquad . Armak Co. Lasso .................. Monsanto Co.
Lix 54N ................. General Mills Chemicals, Inc
Benteo . Wyandotte Chemical Co.,
J. P. Ford Div. Magnllbc .............. American Cyanamid Co.
Bmuoflu:Brominex Velsicol Chemical Corp. Matar .................. Huntington Laboratories
Betxsulllte3.. Bet2 Laboratories, Inc. Mulsollne .............. Dye & Chemical Co.
BlocidaCWT.102. Drew Chemical Corp. of Canada, Ltd.
Bondarlte Oxy Metal Industries Corp.,
Parker Div. Neodol ................. Shell Chemical Co.
Bowlcloanm Spartan Chemical Co., Inc.
Build . . Colgate-Palmolive Co. Oaklte ................. Oakite Products, Inc.
Olin ................... Olin Chemical
C-56 Hooker Chemicals & i%lD.. ................. BASF Wyandotte Corp.
Plastics Corp. OPM-i,OPM-2 ........... Olin Chemical
Calgun Calaon Coro.
carbitd . Union Carbide Corp.
Parco................... Oxy Metal Industries Corp.,
Parker Div.
Celbeolve . Union Carbide Corp.
Oxy Metal Industries Corp.,
cell Putty Rowe Products Co.
Parker Div.
Cham-Rex c2m5.
Pax Hyspeed ........ G. H. Packwood Mfg. Co.
C-2009, C-2075 Ashland Oil, Inc.
PD34 .............. Spartan Chemical Co., Inc.
Chbrothene Dow Chemical Co.
PepSet.. .......... Ashland Oil, Inc.
Clhex Peabody Engineered Systems
Plus 6 .............. Spartan Chemical Co., Inc.
clealler508..... Quaker Chemical Co.
Polyco ............. Borden Co.
CWTlM Drew Chemical Corp.
Pdywet ............ Uniroyal, Inc.
Cyaf American Cyanamid Co.
cygon American Cyanamid Co. Raylene ................. Wyandotte Chemical Co.,
J. P. Ford Div.
Darux ___.._..___..___,.. W. R. Grace Co., Rkhamlde ............... The Richardson Co.
Dewey 8 Almy Div. Rkhonate ............... The Richardson Co.
Daxad ..__....__..__... W. R. Grace Co., RJ.4 .................... Ashland Oil, Inc.
Dewey 8 Almy Div.
DFR.121 Arapahoe Chemicals Sam-Fresh Envair, Inc.
Dkrohe Huntington Laboratories SD-20......... Spartan Chemical Co., Inc.
Diversey Diversey Chemical Co. Skydrol ....... Monsanto Co.
Dowclem Dow Chemical Co. Softener B ..... Sherex Chemical Co.
DmwSpenN Drew Chemical Corp. SP-101 ........ Tretolite Div., Petrolite Co.
Durex Hooker Chemicals & Stackfas Mastic H. B. Fuller Company
Plastics Corp.
DW-575 Staley Chemical Co. Telona .................. Dow Chemical Co.
Dynd Union Carbide Corp. Tergitol ................. Union Carbide Corp.
Textone ................. Olin Chemical
Electrasol Economics Laboratory, Inc. Thermolln ............... Olin Chemical
Elvase Union Carbide Corp. 35D.. .................. BASF Wyandotte Corp.
EP 52.A55 Ashland Oil, Inc. Tlnoflx OF ............... Ciba-Geigy Corporation
Eptam Stauffer Chemical Co.
Erbnal NW Ciba-Geigy Corporation u-3400,U7ooo. ........... Staley Chemical Co.
EVA Union Carbide Corp. Ultrawet ................ Atlantic Richfield
Exalt _. Pennwalt Corp.
Varlquat ........ Sherex Chemical Co.
FClW, 2w, 206A 3M Co. Varlsoft ........ Sherex Chemical Co.
Fluomluhes Hooker Chemicals 8 Vamx 155E ........ Sherex Chemical Co.
Plastics Corp. Varsol . . ........ Exxon Company
Furbn 12.62 . Buffalo Color Corp. vtdden ........ Dow Chemical Co.
VlvoZyne . ........ Gcoch Feed Mill Corp.
G.51 Rohm 8 Haas
Glass Cleaner .. Spartan Chemical Co., Inc. Zlmmite .. .. W. E. Zimmite. Inc.
(continued)
Synthetic Resins and Polymers 181
(continued)
182 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
’ HETRON SSP for fums service only ‘Acceptable ss to odor end tasfe Ior AROPOL 7242 type resm. SNamed
IGood fesf results a/far shon axoosum 4 hours wirh atmospheric steam pnor to axposum
‘Synthehc suriacing WI/ recommended lor “ax~mu” msistance ‘*Three 3 hour exposures to 30% nitric at 1CiYF to simulate cksnin
‘l3enzo / Peroxrde - D#methyl am/ins cum system recommended to assure “No dwxlorstion occurs af 5 lt’/ga/. sod wrfh AROPOL 7242 and A ETRON
SaYISr sctory satwcc 7W ryps construcfmn il surfaces are acid or steam cbanad
‘Post-cure racommendbd ‘*“C” veil on/
‘Solution may discolor -AROPOL 7r 4OOnly
‘Nonrh!xotroprc resms preleradle ‘*Apoears to be erosion/corms!on
‘Unsetlslacro/y as /mmg “AROPOL 7240 SAT al 1ZO’F
1See M 01 trademarks and oroducl names
(continued)
. . 5:::..2..::::::: . . : ::
.. ;jc:; .,.-
::::::::::::: . . . . . .
: ::.
::: ::: a:.
.p..,::::::::.:::
. :: :::::::: : 1:: ::: : ::::“’ “’ : :
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . : ::.:::
P G
184 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
(continued)
Synthetic Resins and Polpm 185
Build? Detergent Solution. pli 9.10 1012'b sollos - 120' - '20 1:‘: -
Butadisne Latex - - m- - -
P.Butoxyethanol ........... loo - a5 - _ -
2.2.Butoxvethoxvethanol : : : .. :. ....... 100 - 85 - _ -
B;tyl Acetate : ... 100 AMBi90 AM0 LSAMB,luR AMB ‘.P
Butyl Alcohol: Ethyl Hrxylacatate:
Di4sobutyl Ketone ...................... 5 10:85 - 80 - - -
Butyl Alcohol, Normal .................... 100 -I93 100 8OINR lCK!NR 60 120
Butyl Alcohol, Secondary ................... 100 -90 100 80INR - 8G'?20
Butyl Alcohol, Tertiary ..................... 100 -1190 100 BOINR - %3'120
Butyl Carbitolt ........................... 100 - 85 - - NRIOO
Butyl Cellosolvet ................... 100 -ma 85 851- 220150 21G,-
Butyl Cellosolvet: Monoethanolamine
Film Stripper Q 136°F ................. 5730 NPJ- NR NR NR NR-
Butyl Ether .... 100 801- 80 *0.:_ 80 8C' -
Butyl Ether. Phosphorfc: ~Hydr&lo&’ : : : :,I : : Unknown - AMB - - -
Butyl Phthalate ........................... 100 - 100 - - -
Butylamlne .............................. IOU @ 75-F - - NR -
Butylena Glycol ........................... 100 -/160 120 1601140 2001120 160'180
Butylrne Oxide ........................... 100 NW- NR NR NR NR-
Butyric Acid ................. ......... 25 12OI150 120 120 120 210*-
Butyric Acid ............................. 50 -/150 - 15oi130 200:150 16C -
Butyric Acid .......................... 70 --I150 AMB 1501- 150 160,-
Butyric Acid ............................. 100 AMBI- AM0 NR AMB N9100
C56T .................................. 100 - 200 - NR _
C.56t.Crudo ............................. - - 180 - 180,-
C56t; High Purfty ......................... 100 w- 90 - - -
C56T; Beg. P High Purfty Wet With H,O ....... 99+ ix%- 90 - -
Cadmium Cyanide Plating Bath, (3% Cadmium
Oxide; 10% Sodium Cyanide; 12% Sodium
Hydroxide)’ ............................ - NR NR 220~200 210~220
Calcium Bisulfide ......................... Sat'd - _ 1601- - _
Calcium Bisulfite ......................... Sal'd -I170 - 1701110 1.60 180
Calcium CarbonateJ ....................... Sat'd -/160 - 160!140 210 210220
Calcium Carbonate, 90%; Magnesium
Hydroxide, 10%; Nickel & Iron Hydroxides’ . 25 - - --ILSI20 - -
Calcium Chlorate ......................... Sat'd 25cf180 250 1501120 200 210>220
Calcium Chloride ......................... Sat'd 2M 250 lEo/15c 225/220 2101220
Calcium Chloride, pH 5.5 ................... 55 --127e*/- 27&- -
Calcium Chloride, pH 8.5 ................... 35 - --12w- - 23&- -
Calcium Chloride: Phosphoric Acid ........... 2510 100 - _ -
Calcium Chloride: Sodium Chloride:
Magnesium Chloride .................... 10:12:2 - 150 - - -
Calcium Hydroxide’ ....................... 15 --/lM) - 180193 180 180,-
Calcium Hydroxide’ ....................... 25 --ilfxJ - 160190 160 -
Calcium Hydroxide ....................... Sat'd -/160 175'/175/- 160 -
Calcium Hypochlorttea ’ ................... Sat'd -I100 120 120/- 120 160,180
Calcium: Magnesium: Sodium Chlorides ...... 10:2:12 150 - -
Calcium Nitrate ........................... Sal'd -llE!O 1801150 2201200 210'220
Calcium Oxide ............................ Sat'd 150 - - -
Calcium Sulfate .......................... Sat'd 250/200 250 18OflM 22012cO 2101220
Camphene, Chlorinated 68%: Xylene ......... 90.10 - 122 - -
Camphor ............................... 100 @75-F --INR - NR - -
Can Cleaner, Acidic, pH 1.2, Sulfuric &
Hydrofluoric, Aluminum 6 Oil
Impurities’ ............................. - 120 - -
Can Treatment, ChromeFree, pH 5-6 ......... - 120 -
Can Treatment, Chrome Phosphate, pH 2 ...... - 120 -
CaneSugar Liquor.. ...................... - - 180
Canning Plant Waste ...................... AM0 -
Capric Acid .............................. Sat'd - 160/120 160 NRBO
Capric Acid .............................. 5 - 1601120 160 180200
Caprylic Acid ............................. Satd --I160 140 16OllW 16C NR80
Caprylic Acid ............................ 5 --116O 140 160/100 160 !80:200
Carbamide .............................. Sat'd 160 150190 160190 1601-
Carbon Beds, Water Treatment .............. - 200 - - -
CO,: SO,: N,: 0,: H,O Vapors ................ 12zO0.1:70:5:14
by vol 120 - -
Carbon Dioxide, Wet. Acidic ................. 100 250 250 2W/lYl 250/200 21013ol
Carbon Disulflde .......................... 100 NR NR NR NR NR
Carbon Dlsulfide Recovery Fumes ............ 140 NR - -
Carbon Disulfide Vapor ..................... 25 NRI- - NR - -
Carbon Monoxide Gas ...................... 100 160/200 160 2001150 160 210,300
Carbon Tetrachloride ....................... 100 125/- 125' LS.AMB.NR NR LSAMB150
Carbon Tetrachloride, Vapor .............. 100 14OlAMB 140 AM0 NR AMB.150
Carbonic Acid .................... ....... Sal'd 160 160 16Oi130 AMB AMB
tseellsl Of trademarksand
product "arnes
(continued)
188 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
7:40 2
9.3:6.5:11
HETRON’
92/99P
-
-
-
HETAON
7211971197A
100
too
AROPOL
724017430 SEAIES
HETAON
700/700c
HETAON
920 SERIES/980
_
Chromic Sulfate ...... ................. All _ 150
Chromium Hardening Fixing Bath,
Photographic .. .. ........ _ - 60
Chromium Hardening Stop Bath;
Photographic . ........................ - - 80 - -
Chromium Potassium Sulfate ................ Sat’d - - 140
Chromous Sulfate .......................... Sat’d 150 170/l 40 140
Citrate Process for SO, Removei .............. 140 - -
Citrext Process for SO, Removal ............. - - 140 - - -
Citric Acid ............................... 50 -1200 160 1601150 160 2101220
Citric Acid ............................. Sat’d BP1200 BP’ 160/150 220 BP’
Citric Acid ..... .......................... Sat’d @ 265-F - - NR NR NR
Citric: Lactic Acids ........................ - _ 150 - _ -
Citric AcidlSuifate/Chlorlde in Mixed
Solvents-Minerel Spirlt Type @ 7S-220°F .... Unknown -
Clay Slurry 20%, 20% Potash in
Sat.Brine@AMB.. . 40 Slurry SAT @ 12 fps -
Cleaner 508T .............................. 100 160
Cleaner, Biodegradable, All Purpose
Liquid .................................. - - loo
Cleaner 8 Disinfectant, Pd 94t ............... 100 - 100
Coal Dust Scrubber ........................ - - 150
Coal. Med. Sulfur, Particulate Scrubber,
pH 1.439, Ci560-1200 ppm, 300,ooO ACFM .... Liquor - 150
Coal/Water Slurry @ 8o°F ................... 1O/90 Hetron 197-3 with abrasion resistant Filler Satefactory at 7 fps
Coatlngs, Water Reducible @ 120°F
Acrylic Wet Ink Varnish (PPG industries) ..... - - -/-/NR NR” SAT SATI-
Polyester White Enamel (PPG industries) ..... - -/--INA NW’ SAT SATI-
Epoxy Spray Liner (PPG Industries) .......... - - NR NR NR NRI-
Acrylic Spray Liner (PPG Industries) ......... - - --I-/NR NR” SAT SAT!-
Cobalt di (2 ethyl hexyl) phosphate:
tri-m.butyl phosphate: Shell’s
livestock spray base ...................... 30:5:65 - 176 - - -
Cobalt Nitrate ............................. Sat’d - -/140/- - 140/- 140’/-
Cocamidopropyl Betaine .................... 100 - 120 120/- 120 120/-
Cocamidopropyi Dimethyiamine .............. 100 120 120/- 120 120/-
Coconut Fatty Acid Dlethanoi Amide .......... 1W - 100 - - -
CoconutOil.. ............................. 100 - 14017Y- 140175 15Ol160
Codliver Oil .................. ............ 100 - - AMB _ -
Collee Roasting Fumes ................... - 150/- - - - _
Combustion Gases, Particulate, Cooling
and Washing with Water .................. - loOI- 100 - - _
Condensable Liquor, pH 9, Pulp and
Paper Mlii .............................. - - 130’ 130 130’/-
Cooling Tower Inhibitor, ChromateZinc
Blend, stabilized ......................... 100 125 125 LS125INR -
Coollng Towers ............................ - At.40 AMB AMB AMB AMB
Cooling Water”, ph 5.57 .................... - 160 1501130 - 170
Cooling Water, 20 ppm Chromate ....... - - 360’ 1601130 - 180
Copper Acetate ............... ........... Sat’d -/I20 - 160/- 180 1601160
Copper Chloride ........................... Sat’d 250 250 1601150 2201200 2101220
Copper Chloride: Silver Nitrate ............... 1533 - AMB - - _
Copper Cyanide’ ........................... Sat’d 200190 200 WNR 200. 2101220
Copper Cyenide Plating ..................... Fumes - 160 - - -
Copper Cyanide Plating Bath, (10.5% Copper and
14% Sodium Cyanides; 6% Rochelie Saitsp
@ 19tIOF ............................... NW- NR SAT 1201-
Copper Cyanide, Potassium Cyanide,
Potassium Hvdroxide’ 6:3:2 angal - 175 _ 200 -
Copper Electrolytic Cells - - 150 - _ -
Copper Extractant,
Ion Exchange Oxime Type 1CHl - 115 - _ _
Copper Fluoride] Sat’d Q 75°F --INR - NR - -
CopperLeachTanks........................ - 150 - - _
Copper Matte Dipping Bath, 30% FeCI,;
19% Hydrochloric . . 160 - - zoo/-
Copper Nitrate Sat’d 1401160 140 160/140 220/200 210/220
Copper Oxide: PbSO,: S: FeO: ZnSO,: Bi,(SOJr
Dust ..__.... l&25:25 10.6 3 _ 200 - - _
Copper Oxychloride 20 1401- - NR - -
Copper Oxychloride Sat’d AMBI- - NR - _
Copper Pellet Smelter Fumes - 300/3001- - - _
Copper Pickle Bath, Sulfuric/Water _ 1 gal19 gal _ 175 - - -
“Dissolved so/Ids. 1574.2183 ppm: PO.. 0.25 ppm; tofal PO., 7.3 pprn; tSee list 01 trademarks and product names
Cu. 0.7 ppm; Zn, 3.4 ppm; Fe, 7.8 ppm; CaCo, 450 ppm max.; Chromate,
hexa. 18-22 ppm. C/, res,doal, 0.2-0.45 ppm: NaCI, 527.702 ppm.
(continued)
190 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
nAROPOL 7343 SStr~lSclOy. rrO. 72% S0,‘5% O/12% C0,70% N,ll3 4% H,O; 5 pm7WlP 01 1.2% H,SC-.
2.3&X7 burn HQ 1020 Pam HF. rus, 14h?1
2’ vol. ’ : SO,, 0.25: SO,. 0.03; CO, 12.5: NI. 74.6. 0,. 4.9:
H,O. 76. I/y ash. 5.0 9rrms w. nlocrry60 IPS t!See list of trademarks and product names
“VoI. ‘I SO,. 0.25: SO, 0.003. CO,. 12.5. N1. 74 6. 0,. 4.9.
H.O. 76 t/v ash. 1.2 WW7U I?: YCIOCI~Y 8 IDS (continued)
Synthetic Resins and Polymers 195
(continued)
196 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
“NO change m water at 0.1 It.’ laminate/gal. as !n 2~3O.LWO gat. tank tSee list of trademarks and product names
‘*AROPOL 7530 satmlactory. (continued)
Synthetic Resins and Polymers 197
Nickel Nitrate sa: 220 220 100 150 220 200 210,2X
Nickal Plating; Electrorafining pH 1.5 :: - - 150 - - _
Nickel Plating (Nickel Sulfamate:
Magnesium Chloride: Boric Acid) pH 3.7 M-3 5 5 07.&a - 150 - 1451-
Nickel Plating Solution (11% Nickel Sulfate:
2% Nickel Chloride: 1% Eorlc Acid) ....... 200 200 lBO/-
Nickel Plating Solution (44% Nickel Sulfate,
4% Ammonium Chloride: 4% Bortc Acid) - 2w l&J/-
Nickel Soap Catalyrt ....................... - AMB - -
Nickel Sulfate ............................. Sat’d 220 220 16celo 22G200 210/220
Nickel Sullate: Nickel Chloride: Boric Acid ..... 53126 orlgat - 160 - -
Nickel Sulfate: Nickel Chloride: Boric
Acid: Brightener (Nickel Plating) ........... 40.6:6: Trace oz/gai 150 - - _
Nitrating Acid Spent ................... - NW- 60/6O/NA NR NR NRI-
Nitrating Acid, Strong .................... NRI- 60160/NR NR NR NR,-
Nitration, Spent Acid ....................... @ 160-F - NR
Nitric Acid ................................ 2 - 210,220
NitricAcid ................................ 5 21w2@l 210 160/120 160 160
Nitric Acid ................................ 10 1401175 m AMW- 150 1201140
Nitric Acid ................................ 20 140 NR 1001150
Nitric Acid ....................... J5 140 NR AM0 -
Nitric Acid ............................... a NW- 140 NR NR -
Nitric Acid .............................. 50 NW- 140 NR NR NR
Nitric Acid ............................. 52 4 NW- 110 NR NR NR
Nitric: Amchem 616f ...................... 166 65.95 - 6595 -
Nltrlc Acid: Copper Salts .................... 15:lal gpl 15&J- 150 - -
Nltrlc: Copper Salta ........................ 2crlW gpl - 10160
Nitric, 70%: Glacial Acetic: 49% Hydrolluodc’ . 521 Qp 110-F NW- NR NR
Nitric. 70%: Glacial Acotlc: Is% Hydrofluoric’ 6:3:1 0 1W’F NW- NR NR -
Nitric: Hydrochlork ........................ lo.10 - 200’ NR zoo/-
Nitric: Hydrochloric Acids’ ................. 5:x) 21w2101- - -
“+fETRO% 197 and 700 Serk?S r.?s!“s dogear to be unsurrable under cyclic tsee lslol trademarks and product names
COndrt~onS wtth Some CtsZ!“g but are res,stdnt under StaOc cond,t,ons
(continued)
Synthetic Resins and Polymers 211
(continued)
Synthetic Resins and Polymers 215
Trichloroacrtonitrile. Trace
Acetonitrile and HCI ................ loo - 85 - -
Trichlorobenzene 100 NW- NR NR - NR-
Trlchlorobenxene Vapors Wet wrth HCI’ : : - - ‘212J2121- - - -
1, 1. l.Trichloroethane ... 100 NPJ- 80 NR NR 80 -
1. 1, Z~Trtchloroethane ....... .. 1: : 1: : ... 100 - BOINWNR - - -
Trichloroethylene’ ...................... 100 NPJ- AMB NR NR NPJ-
I, 1.2.Trichloroethylrne .................. 100 @ 120-F NFU- NR NR NR NFU-
Trlchlomethylene, 50%. .................. -I175 - -
Trtchloroethylenr: Chlorinated Orpanics:
Hydrochloric (32%) ... ... ........ 14:0.9:85.1 @ 104’F NRJ- NR - - -
Trichloroethylrne Fumes; 22% MI;
10% Cl,; 9% 0,; 6% CO; 4% H, ........... - 175l- - - - -
Trichloroethylene, HCI, Ct,, H,O Vapors ...... 12ui- 120 - - -
Trtchloromethane ........ ..... 100 @ 80-F NFU- NR NR NR NR-
Trichloromonofluommethane ... : : 111: ..... 1W - - ml/-
Trtchlorophenol .......................... 100 @I 175-F NRJ- NR NR NR NFV-
Trtcmyl Phosphate ...................... 100 BW120
Trldecyl Benzene BulfonateDetergent Base 120 120 210’/-
Triethanol Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate ........ loo 80 NR 80
Trtethanolamine Llnaar Alkylate Sulfoneto ... SO loo - -
Trlothylamine ........................... loo - - 15OI-
Triethylamine Hydrochlortde ............... Sat’d a 75-F - - NR -
Trlethanolamlne ....................... loo - - - - 15C:-
Trtethylene Glycol ................ loo - 180 - -
Trtfluorovlnyl Chloride, Oils and G&ares ..... loo AMBI- AMB - - -
Trthydroxybenxoic Acid .................. &I’d 80 - - -
Trtmethyl Borate In Methyl Alcohol* ......... 98 - lx) -
Trlmethyl Carblnol ....................... loo loo -
Trimethylamlne Hydrochlodde ............. too 130 13W- 130 130/-
Trimethylamina Hydrochloride, pH 54 ....... 1W - 130 - -
Trlmrthylamine: HCI ..................... loo.37 - 130 - -
Trimethylamine HCI: Ethylene Oxide Reactlon - NR 180 -
Trtphenyl Phorphlte .................... loo -190 122 9O/NR - lWi-
Trtr (Hydroxymethyl) Nltromethane:
Formaldehydr: Water, pH3 .............. 51a8:49 120’ 1201-
Trtsodlum Phosphate ..................... 2s 150 180 2101-
Trtsodlum Phorphatr ...................... Sat’d AMBJ- AMB NR AMB 210/-
TunaOil ................................. loo lSo/120 - 160/-
Turpentlnr: Chlortno ....................... SC++*.3 @ 320-F NW- NR NR NFV-
Turpentine, crude sulfate @ loOoF ........... LY- LS SATlNR LS SAT’I-
Turpentine: Methyl Alcohol ................. to48:loB5Q 15O.F - - NRI-
Turpentine, Pure Gum .................... 100 -f90 120 AMBI- AMB AMBilW
U-34EQt and U7000t. Styrene
Acrylic Emulsions ....................... en - -
Ultraformer Fead, Reflnory .................. - - AMBI-
Ultralormer Faa&Xylena ................... AM&--I- -
Ultraformer Heavy Faed. Rrflnery ............ AMBI- -
Ultrawett BOK Blodagrrdable Detergent ....... loo 150 -
Ultrawet 46DS Btodegradable Detergent ...... 1w 130
Ultrawrt WL Biodegradable Detergent ........ loo - 1w - - -
Underground, Clay Soil ..................... - AMBI- AMB AMB AM0 AMB
URAN Ferlllizer~Ammonium Nitrate
Composition; 44.3% Ammonium Nitrrtr.
35.4% Urea, 20.3% Water ............... - - 120 loo -
Uranium Bxtraction ........................ SAT -
Uranium Fluoride, KOH, HF, KF, K.0, K,UO.,
Cb, KCI, KOCI, KCIO,, KCIO., CO,, K,CO,,
KHCO*, H,CO,, UO,CO,, F,, CIF,, DF, ....... - - loo loo’/-
Uranium SX Units ......................... - SAT SAT SAT
Urea .................................... Sat’d -Do 160 150190 1SOIAMB ll301-
Urea: Ammonium Chloride: Ammonium
Nitrate ................................ 38:2.5:20 AMB - -
Urea: Ammonium Nitrate: Water ............. 2cK3o:50 - 1201-
Urea: Ammonium Nitrate: Water ............. 354420 120 -
Una: Ammonium Nitrate: Water ............. 4oI10:50 - - - 120/-
Urea~Fonnaldehyde Resin .................. 100 80 -
Urea Modified Phenolic Rerln (Durazt 24942) ... pli 78 - AMB -
Urotropine ............................... 28 @a- 80 -
Vanasol @ 6Cl’F .......................... 1 -/SAT/NR SATI- SAT SAR-
Variquatt K-300 ............... .......... - 12iX- 120’ 120’1120 120 1201-
Varisottt 222-90 ...................... 120/- 120’ 120’/120 120 120/-
Varoxl6SET.. .......................... 120 120 120 1201-
Varsolt @ 2G1°F .................... loo NW- SATISATI- SATINR SATINA SAT,-
Veneer Drying Fumes .................. - - 10 3w/3Wi- - - -
(continued)
Synthetic Resins and Polymers 217
Acetic Aad iGlacial 70 70 ,’ Er1ne 225 275 Chromic Acid (31!?, w!? 0 3:, H&O.1 : 160 ! 170 Ett’ylene Dlamlne
Acehc Acld 150%) 225 212 ‘I BromtcAcld NR 230t Chromyl Chlonde / 1201 Ethylene DIchlor,oe .EDCI NR
Acetic AnhydrIde 75 1 NR ,’ qromme~Dvl NR 170 Citric Acld ; 140t 275 Ethylene GlycO 225
Acetone (1 O%l 120t 120 I/ Bromine(Llqu!d) NR 170 Coal Gas I 2121 EthyleneOxIde NR
Acetone 150%) 120t NR ” Bromme Water (25%) NR 212t Cocoanut 011 275 Fatty Acids 140
- - I 4
Acetonttrife / 70 j 120 ‘1 Butadlene 250 Copper Chloride / 140 275 Ferric Chloride :50:,; 225
Acetoohenone I NR ; NR 1 Bufyl Acetate NR 75 1Copper Cyanide 140 275 Ferric NItrate 225
Acetylchlonde I 120 i 120t / Butyl Acrylate NR 75 Copper Fluortde i 140 275 Ferric Sulfate 225
ACWlOnltrlle 100 , 70 / n-B&y Alcohol 70t 275 I Copper NItrate I 140 275 Ferrous Chlorloe 225
Allyf Chfortde j NR 1 212 1set-Butyl Alcohol 70t 275 copper Sulfate / 140 275 Ferrous NItrate 225
1 -___ 7 __ + -___. +
Aluminum Ammonium Sulfate (Alum1 225 ;;: ‘j F;f;;$A;rhol 7ot 275 corn 011 120 275 Ferrous Sulfate 225 275 I
Albmlnum Chlortde’
I 225 ’ NR Cottonseed 011 140 275 Formaldehyde 137%) 140 120t ,
Alummum Fluoride 225 275 ~sec.Butylamlne 70 CreSOl i 70 150 Formx Acld 140t 250t
NR
Alummum Hydrowde I 225 275 1 tert-Butylamlne 70
I Cresy”c AC’d /
150 Fuel Oil 275
1Alummum Nitrate I 225 275 I Butylene
T___ I
275 Crotonaldehyde 120 FUrane NR
Aluminum Potassum Sulfate / 225 275 / Butyl Bromide NR 275 j Crude 011 t 275 Furfural NR NR
’ AmmontaiDryGasi , 140 NR Butyl Chloride NR 275 ~i”ie- -T,, 275 Gall~c Acjd t 70
Ammoma Aqua (30%) 150 212t Butylphenol 212t ( Cyclohexanol / 70 150 Gas- Manufactured 275
i Ammonium Blfluorlde 225 275 ’ Butyrlc Aud 225 230t Cyclohexanone ’ NR 70 Gas- Natural 275
Ammonium Carbonate ~ 225 275 n-Bury Mercaptan 275 ~ Dextrln I 150t 2301 Gasoline- Leaoed I NR 275
c I ---I--
! Ammonium Chloride / 225 1 275 1Calaum Blsulfate 225 275 / Dlacetone
Alcohol ---/-- 120t 70 Gasolme- Unleaded : NR 275 ’
I
1 Ammonwm Fluorlde(25%1 / 225 I 275 Calcum Blsulflde
1
225 275 , Dfesel Fuels 275 Gasoline- Sour NR 275
Ammonium Hvdroxlde 1 225 212 Calcium Carbonate 225 275 Dtethylamine 12vt 70 GlUCOSe 225 275 1
Ammomum Nltrate ( 225 275 Calcum Chlorate 225 Dethyl Cellosolve 275 Glyceme 225 275
Ammonlum Phosphate , 225 i 275 Calclbm Chloride I Dlethyl Ether 70 Glycol 150t 275
~-
4 c- + p-e j
Ammorxum Sulfate I 225 275 Calcium Hydroxide DlethyleneTrlamme 120 Glycol~c Aad / 150t 70
Amyl Acetate 125 Calcium Hypochforlte(PO%l 275 Dlglycollc Acid i 70 701 Heptane 1 NR 275
I
120
Amyl Alcohol i 275 Calcium Hypochlorltef94%1 275 Dllsobutyl Ketone I 2121 HeXarle 75 275
I
Amyl Chloride 1 NR ( 275 Calcwm Nitrate 225 275 Dtabutylene I 275 Hydrlodrc ACE 48$, J 140 275 /
’
LAnlflne 140t 120 Calcium Sulfate
c
225 275
I_
DImethyl Amne
__)
120t NR Hydrobromlc Aced i50% 150 275
AnttmonyTr!chlonde 120 ’ 70t Capryl~c Acid : 150 Dimethyl Formamtde 225 NR Hydrochlonc Acid 12%) 225 275
Aqua Regla NR 70t Carbon Dloxlde (Wet1 150t 275 Dlmethyianllme 70 Hydrochlonc Acid flO%l 185 275
Arsenrc Acld 70t 275 Carbon Dloxlde (Dry) I 15ot 275 DImethyl Phthalate NR 70 Hydrochlonc Acid 120X,! 175 275
BarNurn Carbonate 225 / 275 Carbon Dlsulllde I NR 70t p-Dtoxane NR j NR Hydrochlonc Acfd Cone l3E%I 150 275
Barurn Chloride 225 / 275 CarbonTetrachlorlde / NR 275 Dtstllled Water /
:
225
_----t_
~ 275 Hydrocyamc Acid / 140t 275
-+ --
Barwm f-lydroxlde 225 275 castor 011 120t 275 Eplchlorohydrm I 120t i NR HydrofluorlcAc,d(35$1 120t 250
Banurn Sulfide 225 275 CellOSOlVe 70t 275 Esters Hydrofluorlc Acid (70%) 100 212
Benzaldehyde 70t 125 Chlorine L,qwd NR 212 ~ Ether Hydrofluorlc Aud I1 00%) 1 7. 212
Benzene NR ; 170 Chlorine (5% I” Ccl.1 NR 212t Hydrofluoslllclc Acid 1 140 275
BenzeneSulfomc Acid 70 ’ 120 Chlor,neWater(Saturated) NR 212t 1Ez;.srtate Yydrogen 1 140t 275
(continued)
TABLE 1.55: POLYPROPYLENE AND POLYVINYLIDENE FLUORIDE LINED PIPING SYSTEMS-RESISTOFLEX (continued)
, “SE
IRE (OF T
PVDF POW PVDF
Ck.“ld &y Chembc,l D~0P”l-A Ch.mul It”“.‘,
-
Hydrogen SulftdelWetl 275 Monochlorobenzene 150 Potaswm Chlorate 225 275 Sour Crude 011 275
Hywchlorous Acid 275 Morpholme NR Potassium Chlorlae 225 275 Stanmc Chloride 225 275
lodlne(Dryi NR 150t Naphtha 70 275 Potassium Cyamde 225 275 Stannous Chloride 225 275
IodmeiLiqutd) 170 Naphthalene 225 212 Potaswm Dlchromate 225 275 Stearlc Acid 120t 275
lodme (Wet; 70t 1 Sot Nickel Chloride 225 275 Potasswm Ferrocyanlde 225 275 Stoddard s Solvent 250t
lodoform 212t Nickel Nitrate 225 275 Potaswm Hydroxide 225 212t Sulfur 140 250t
Jet Fuel - JP4and JP5 NR 212 Nickel Sulfate 225 275 Potaswm Nttrate 225 275 Sulfur Chloride NR 70t
Kerosene NR 275 NlCOtlne 70 Potaswm Permanganate :20%1 140 250 Sulfur Dxhlonde 70t
Ketones 70 NR Nlcotlmc
Acid 250t Potaswm Permanganate 250 Sulfur Dloxlde 170
Lactvz
Acid 120%) 140 125t N~trlcAcld(Z%) m
4 Potaswm Sulfate 225 275 Sulfur
Trloxide NR
Lactx Acid ,60%1 125 NltrlcAcld(lO%) 150 170 Potassium Sulfide 225 275 Sulfuric Acid (5%) 225 250
Lard 011 70 275 Nltrlc Acid !30%1 100 130 Propane 275 Sulfuric Acid (10%) 225 230
Laur~c Ac!d 150 230t NltrlcAcld150%1 70 120 Propyl Alcohol 120 Sulfuric Acid (30%) 200 230
Lauryl Chloride 250t Nltrlc Acid - Cone (70%~ NR 120 Propylene Oxide NR Sulfuric Acid (50%~ !60%1 175 230
Lemon 011 NR 250t NltrlcAc!d -Sulfuric Acid50 50 NR 120 Pyrogallol 120t Sulfuric Acld (93%; 140 150
L~noletc Acid 250t Nltrobenzene 120 70 Refrlgewlts 11 12 8 22 212t Sulfuric Acid 196%) 125 130
Linseed 011 140 275 Nitrogen Dloxlde 70 170 Sallcyl-aidehyde 120 Sulfunc Acid (96%) 70 120
Lubncatmg 011 70 275 N~tromethane 140 120t Sahcyl~c Ac!d 120 212 Sulfunc Acld - Fuming IOleum) NR NR
Magnewm Carbonate 225 275 ;i NItro”s Actd NR 212t Sea wzter 225 275 Sulfurous Acid t50t 212t
/ SilverCyamde 225 275 Tall 011 275
Magnesium Chloride 225 275 Octane NR 275
Magnesium Hydroxide 225 275 Octane 275 Sliver NItrate 225 275 Tann~c Acld 230t
/
Magnewm NItrate 225 275 Olelc Acid 70 250t Sodturn Acetate 225 275 Tartar~c Acjd 250t
Magnesium Sulfate 225 275 i Oleum ‘Fuming Sulfuric Acldi NR NR Sodium Benzoate 225 275 Tetraethyl Lead 275
Malelc Acid 140 250t i Oxalic Acld 70 120 ! Sodturn Bicarbonate 225 275 Telrahydrofuran NR
: -
Maltc Acld NR 250t Oxygen Gas 225 275 Sodwm Blsulfate 225 275 Terramethyl Ammonium
Mercaptan n-Butyl 275 Ozone NR 230 Sodwm Blsulflte 225 275 Hydroxide 150X, 212t
Mercuric Chloride (40%1 140 250t Paimltic Acid 225 275 Sodium Bromide 225 275 TOlUerla NR 170
Mercunc Chloride 250t Perchlorethylene NR 275 Sodwm Carbonate 225 275 Tnbutyl Phosphate NR 70
Mercur~cCyan~de 225 250t Perchlorlc Ac,d (lO%l 70t Sodium Chlorate 225 275 Trlchloroacetlc Acid i tOh1 140 75t
I- _ --
Mercuric Nttrate 150t
+ 275 Perchlorvz Acld(72%) 70t Sodium Chloride 225 275 Trlchloroacetlc Acid 75
Mercury 225 275 Phenol,lO%l 150 Sodturn Cyamde 225 275 Tr~chloroethylene NR 275
Methane 70t 275 Phenol llOO$, 140 Sodturn Fluoride 225 275 Trlethylamlne NR 120
MethaneSulphonlcAc!d (50%) i12t Phenylhydrazme S&urn HydroxtdellO%l 225 120 Trtsodlum Phosphate 150t 275
Methyl Alcohol 140 275 Phosgene IGas 8 LIquIdI 1 NR Sodwm Hydroxide (50’ x I*+ 225 NR Turpentine NR 275
1
Methyl Bromjde NR 275 Phosphoric Acid 130%) 225 275 Sodaurn Hypochlorlte I1 7%1”’ 150 212 UDMH-Hydrazlne (50-501 70
Methyl Cellosolve 75t 275 Phosphoric Actd (52%) ! 225 250 Sodium Hypochlorlte(ZO%Y’ 150 urea (50%) 225 250t
Methyl Chlonde NR 150 Phosphoric And 165%) ; 140 230 Sodium NItrate 225 275 VarSOl NR 250t
-I---
Methyl Chloroform tzot Phosphorus 75t Sod!“m NItrIte 225 275 Vmyl Acetate NR 250t
I
i-
Methyl
Methyl
Ethyl Ketone
Sulfuric Acid
-
70
120
c NR
120
Phosphorus
Phosphorus
PentoxIde
Trlchlorlde I
212t
212t
i
Sodwm
Sodium
Peroxlde
Phosphate
225
225
-
275
275
water
Methylene Chloride 70 NR jl Phthallc AcldiOrthol I 70t 212 Sodium Sltlcate 225 275 Dtfluonde 8 HCI; 250t
Methyl-isobutyl Ketone NR 70 PICNICAcid 140 70t Sodwm Sulfate 225 275 xytene NR 212t
1
Milk 225 212t Polyvnyl Acetate j 75 275 Sodwm Sulfide 225 275 Zinc Chloride 225 275
I
Mineral 011 70 275 potaswm Bromide I 225 275 Sodium Sulfite 225 275 Zmc NItrate 225 275
Monoethanolamme NR Potawum Carbonate I 225 275 Sodium Thlosulfate 150t 275 zmc Sulfate 225 275
__ ._ -
Acid Resistance Resists weak acids (pH 4). Not recommended in strong acids.
Basic Resistance Resists weak bases (pH 9). Not recommended for strong alkalies.
Solvent Resistance Excellent resistance to a wide variety of solvents, ethers, oil, greases,
gasoline and other petroleum hydrocarbons.
Acid Resistance Limited. Attacked by strong acids. General order of resistance 612>66> co-
polymers or 6.
Base Resistance Excellent at room temperature. Attacked by strong bases at elevated temper-
atures.
Solvent Resistance Generally excellent. Some absorption by such polar solvents as water, alcohols,
and certain halogenated hydrocarbons causing plasticization and dimension
changes.
Acid Resistance Good at room temperature. Attacked by strong and weak acids at elevated
temperatures.
Base Resistance Good at room temperature. Attacked by strong and weak bases at elevated
temperatures.
Solvent Resistance Excellent resistance to a wide variety of fluids such as gasoline, motor oil,
transmission fluid, hydrocarbons and organic solvents. Some absorption
by ketones and esters causes plasticization and small dimensional changes.
Synthetic Resins and Polymers 221
DURCO NON-METALLICS
__rr_. . . . .._._
I , I
Ferrous sulfate
Formaldehyde’ E S E E
Formic acid G G E E
Glvocrin. crude G s E -
HCL waste pickle liquor E E G E
IHvdrochloricacidc150°F&50CI
Hvdrochloric •cid>15~F65°Ct
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
jW IG IP Ii 1:
/Lactic acid 1G IG IE IE
Lead acetate 1; 1; IE JE
(continued)
222 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
I I I I ,
E = Excellent - Virtually unattacked under all conditions. G = Good - Generally acceptable with a few limitations.
S = Satisfactory - Suitable under Some conditions: not recommended for remainder. Consult The Duriron Company,Inc,
for details. P = Poor - Unsuitable under ah conditions.
Synthetic Resins and Polymers 223
TABLE 1.58: ISOPOLYESTER, HALOGENATED AND BISPHENOL A POLYESTERS, AND VINYL ESTER
RESINS-AMOCO CHEMICALS
The lengths of the bars reflect the tested performance of the resins after one year in the indicated environments.
The Composite Ratings are the ten year performances projected from the 1, 3, 6 and 12 month evaluations. All
laminates were made according to ASTM Method C581 with a glass fiber content of 25f2%. To assure high quality,
the ATLAC-based laminates were supplied by ICI United States. The other laminates were fabricated in the labora-
tory.
TABLE 1.58: ISOPOLYESTER, HALOGENATED AND BISPHENOL A POLYESTERS, AND VINYL ESTER
RESINS-AMOCO CHEMICALS (continued)
H,O at 71 “C good
5% HNO, at 71 “C excellent
5% HCI at 71°C good
25% H,SO. at 71 “C good
X2 Fuel Oil at 23°C excellent
Ethyl Gasoline at 23°C excellent
Unleaded Regular at 23°C excellent
Benzeneat 23”C/time to failure 3 months
H,O at 71 “C good
5% HNO,at 71°C excellent
5% HCI at 71 “C good
25% H,SO, at 71 ‘C excellent
X2 Fuel Oil at 23°C excellent
Ethyl Gasoline at 23°C failure
Unleaded Regular at 23°C acceptable
Benzene at 23”C/time to failure 1 month
The data shows results under Test Procedure ASTM D.543, “h&t- The rating of certain reagents is followed by the designation ( t ).
ante of Plastics to Chemical Reagents.” This method requires molded This designation indicates that the reagent was applied to a bar spec-
two-inch diameter disc specimens to be placed in a separate container imen which was then placed in a bending jig and held under constant
and totally immersed for 168 hours (seven days) at 73.2”F. Appearance, 29& outer fiber strain at 23°C (73°F) for 72 hours.
weight and dimensional changes are noted as evidence of chemical TEST CLASSIFICATIONS
attack. To obtain information on chemical resistance at elevated tem- ‘73” - Resistant. No visual change WRS observed in the plastic for 1”” duratoon of the test.
peratures, these immersion studies were repeated at 50°C (122°F) and “MR” - ModeratelV Resistant Some visual change (discoloration. crazmg. checking) occurred.
the results are set forth under the column “Heat Reduces Resistance.” “X” - Not ReSiStSnt. The plastic was severely crazed. or was softened. or was d6solved by the end of the test.
Benroic R’ Yes R NO R
Boric R Yes R NO A
ButYric - - - - X
j
Carbolic 50% MR’ Yes x - ! -
Carbolic 100% x - x - ! X
Chromic Sulfwc
Acid Mixture
Alcohols
Ally1 MR’ Yes x - X
n-AmVl R’ YSS R Yes R
Benzovl x - - - -
Benzyl - - - - X
Butoxyethanol - - R - R
n-Butyl R’ Yes A Yes R
SK-BUWI - - MR Yes -
Ten.-Butyl - - R NO -
I Cetvl I- - IR No 1 - I
Cyclohaxanol R Yes R Yes R
Oecyl - - - - R
Diacetone - - x - -
Octanoic - - - - R ’ I 2.Ethoxvethanol I- - I- -iXI
Oleic 1 DO% MR Yes R Yes R Ethyl (denatured) R” Yes - - X
Oxalic 10% R’ Yes R NO - Ethyl Formula 30 MR Y%S R Yes -
Palmitic MR NO R NO -
Ethvl 95% MR” Yes - - -
(continued)
TABLE 1.59: POLYSTYRENE, SAN AND ABS PLASTICS-MONSANTO (continued)
R Yes - - -
Methylamyl
R NO R - -
Nonyl
R NO R NO -
WOCtYl
Dlmethylformamade 1 x Ix - -
Dlphenylawne 1 x - IX - -
nl~th”lrnrtrlmlne I MR Yea I - - -
Dlephenylemmine
(Carbazole) - - R NO -
Ethylenedaamme MR - - -
lsopropylamlne - _ - - X
Pel-WlFlm,ne _ - - - X
Twhopropanolamme - - / R No 1 -
Trlethylenetetramme 1 MR” - - - -
Cosmetics
LallOlln 1 R’ Yes 1 R No / -
’ Perfume Alcohol 5DA40 MR” _ - - -
Cyclopsraffins
Alkalies - -
Cyclohexane R - R
Ammonia (aqueous) R Yes R - R
Methylcyclohexane X - R No -
Ammonia Hydroxide
(cont.) R YeS R NO R
(continued)
TABLE 1.59: POLYSTYRENE, SAN AND ABS PLASTICS-MONSANTO (continued)
Ethyl Benzoate x - x - -
Ethyl Chloroacetate _ - - - X
Ethyl Lactate X _ x - -
Ethyl Salicylate - - - - X
lsoamyl Acetate - - - - X
Isopropyl Acetate x - - _ -
Methyl Benzoate - - - - X
Fountam Syrups I I I
Chew, Chocolate, R” Yes R - -
Methyl Laurate - - - - X
Orsnee, Root Bear, R” Yes R - I -
Foods StraWbarrY, Vanilla R” YeS R - -
Alcohol (Bourbon) - - R - ii - - -
Garlic Salt Rt -
Almond Oil - _ Fl NO - - -
Gin MR - -
Bacon Fat MR - - - -
Ginger Ale R NO R - R
Beef Gravy R” Yes R NO R Ginger Ale Extract R NO - - -
Beer (Over 3.2% alcohol) R Rt - R Grapefruit Juice MA’ - R - R
m-0, I,*irm - - R - R - - -
Grape Juice R -
(continued)
TABLE 1.59: POLYSTYRENE, SAN AND ABS PLASTICS-MONSANTO (continued)
(Curtis) A Yes - - -
Lard R NO R NO R
Lean Beef MR - - - -
Leaves, Caraway
Seed. Celery Seed.
Cinnamon (Stick),
Coriander (Whole).
Cumin Seed, Dill Seed,
Fennel Seed (Whole),
Marjoram. Mustard
Acetophenetldm R” NO - _ -
Adrenalin m 011 R” NO - - -
Aspwn, pwd. R NO -
Trichlorobenzene - - x - -
Trichloroethane x - - - - -
Gum Acacia, pwd. R YES j - -
Ttichloroeth,ylene x - x - X Gum Tragacanth R Yes 1 - -
Tnchloropropene - - - - X - - -
Iodine 83% IX -
Katonas 8 Ethers Iodine (T~ncfure U.S.P.) - - - - X
Acetone x - x - X Mentholatum I A - i- _ -
Acetophenone x - x - X Menthol Crystals /x - - - _
(continued)
TABLE 1.59: POLYSTYRENE, SAN AND ABS PLASTICS-MONSANTO (continued)
T
LUSTREX’ POLYSTYRENE LUSTRAN’ SAN LUSTRAN ASS !LUSTREX’ POLYSTYRENE, LUSTRAN’ SAN LUSTRAN ABS
Hydrogen Sulfide x - - - -
Magneswm Bromide R NO - - -
Magneswm Carbonate R’ NO R No : -
Mercury Chloride I
5% ov,d R’ Yes IR No 1 _ /
MR’ Yes j R No I -
(continued)
TABLE 1.59: POLYSTYRENE, SAN AND ABS PLASTICS-MONSANTO (continued)
Salts
Potasswm Aluminum
Sulfate. sat. R Yes R No -
Potaswm Bxarbonate - - - - R
Potassum Bromate R NO - -
Potassium Chloride - - - - R
Potassium Chrome Alum. R” Yes - _ -
Potassium Permanganate.
.zilt MR’ NO R Yl?S R
Sodwm NItrate - - j R -
(continued)
TABLE 1.59: POLYSTYRENE, SAN AND ABS PLASTICS-MONSANTO (continued)
Decahydronaphthalene - - R NO -
Detergents Rt - Ri - Fit
Detergent - Joy (5%) - _ R NO R
Der0r”n 1MR” - I- - I - I
Diethyl Carbonate - - - - X
NN-Diethyl-M-Toluidine - - - - X
DimethVl Sulfate - - - - X
N,N-D~methylaniline - - - - X
n,nrilnn - - Y - Y
Distalled Water R Yes R No R
Dow Corning Flutd 4 R NO -
Dow Cornmg Fluid 200 R No - - -
Dowtherm A x - - - -
D~v Cell Solution MnO.
and N&Cl R - - - -
Elan (Photoa.) 3%. sat. MR” NO - - -
Ethylcellulose MR - - - -
N-Ethvlaniline - - - - X
Eugenol IX - - - -
Flit, insecticide 1MR Yes 1 - - -
Freon II - - Ix - I x
(continued)
TABLE 1.59: POLYSTYRENE, SAN AND ABS PLASTICS-MONSANTO (continued)
USTRAN AB!
L
I TVdOl
Motor Oil-Sunoco
’ MR”
x
NO
- I-
R -
-
73'F
R
-
Mr. clean - - IFI - -
Nepnthslsne Base Gear
O+Telachron
..-.-_____ R” - - - -
- - - - X
Nitroglycerin R” - Ix - X
lsobutyronitrile I
- - R - - Nitromethene - - - - X
Ivory Soap
- m-Nitrotoluene - - - - X
Lactose, sat. R” Yes - -
- I Nitrous Oxide R” Yes - - -
Lestoil - - R -
Nqol R - R _ R
‘Oil of I
Anise Seed X - /x - X
Clove
Lilac (Aflificlal)
x
x
-
- ~1 1 -
-
Nutmeg x - ‘X - -
Peppermmt Roses x - /- - -
Rose Geranium. x - I- -
-
Sandalwooc Sassafras. x - -
Mesityl
Metalltc
Oxide
Mercury
-
MR”
-
-
-
-
-
-
X
- c
Spearmint. Sweet
Almond,
Oil-Light
Wrntergreen
Machme
x
-X -- I1- -1
-
iR -
-
-
R
Metalltc Sodium R” - - - -
E
Olive 011 WR” No IR No -
-
dl-Methionine (powder) - - R -
Ozone (abs of light) R’ _ - - -
Palm Oil WR No R NO -
Paraff I” WR” Yes R No R
Paraffl” 011 R NO - - -
Para 011 ‘4R” - - - -
Pentasol R Yes - - -
Phenol 5% HR” Yes x - X
Phenylacetomtrlte _ - - - X
Morpholine - - IX - 1 - Phosohorous. White HR’ NO - - -
Moth Flakes 1 MR” Yes - - R
(continued)
TABLE 1.59: POLYSTYRENE, SAN AND ABS PLASTICS-MONSANTO (continued)
Ix - IX - 1 -
(White Spirits) x - R NO R I
-
Sucrose
30% R” Yes - -
Sulfur Dioxide (Moist) - - - - X
Tenite R - - - -
Tetrehydrofuran x - x - -
Tetralin x - x - -
3-In-One Oil x - - - -
Thmyl Chloride x - - -
Tobacco Tars IR - - - -
Triethanolamine ( R’ NO 1 R No j ii
236 corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
KEY
c 80°F. R RECOMMENDED
CHCHCHCH
CHCHCHCH
Acetaldehyde N N;N N’C N,C N Chlorrne gas, wet N NlN NON N;N N
Acettc acrd. up to 10% R R ,R CiR RR R Chlorrne water R R R
R.N N1.N N
Acehc acrd. glacral R N A N A c . R i Chloroacetic acid R C A C C N/C N
-.
Alum R R R R,R R R R Chlorobenzene N N N N C N-:C N
Alumrnum Chlorfde R R.R R:R R:R R Chloroform N N N N.C N[C N
Alummum Nrtrate R R R R’R R R R Chromic acrd. up to 5% ~- R A R R R N’R C
Alumrnum Sulfate R H R R’R R;R C Chromrc acrd. 10% R R R R.R N’R N
Ammonrum Chlonde R R’R R R R R R Chromic actd. 20% R R’R R R N;R N
Ammonrum Hydroxrde R R R R R RIR R Chromrc acrd, 50% and over R C N N N N +_f4 N
+
Ammonium Nitrate R R R R R R:R R Crtrrc acid R R’R R’R R’R R
Ammonrum Sulfate R A R R.R R R R Copper Chlonde R R,R R R R:R R
‘
Amy1 Acetate N N:N N~tN N N N Copper Nnrate R R R R R RjR R
Amy1 Alcohol R R R RI-R---- C A C Copper Sulfates R R’R R-R RiR R
Anrline N N N N R R,R.N Drchloroacehc actd C N./C N’N N N N
Aqua Regra R RCNNNNN Drch!orobenzene N N NNNNNN
Barrum Chlorrde R R R R:-R R,R R Drethyl ether N N N N C N’C N
Barlum Hydroxrde R R.R R-R R’R R Ethyl Acetate N.pmmt
N:N N!N -N:ti N
_ .- m-i _ .___..~__.
Barrum Nrtrate R RIR R,R R R R Ethyl Alcohol _. ~~~_
~_~__~~R-.__R
c-5 R.I__RJ I Rmc
Barrum Sulfide R C!R C’R R A R Ethyl Sulfate R C R C C N:C N
Benzene N N N N C N.C N Ethylene Chloride N N: N N’ N N. N N
I~ - -.
Benzene sulfonrc acrd. 10% R R R R N N N N Ethylene Glycol R R R R R R;R_R
Benzorc acrd Fluosiltcic acrd
~_ _.~. R..~ __.
R ~..
R R_ ~R __.i
R R_ .R
Bone acid R R R R Formaldehyde R R R R R C R C~~
._~ R _N? R-- R, .R~
Bromrne water R R C N N N N N Formic acrd R N G
~~ .~p-_~-_j ~~_.___.._.
Butyl Acetate N N N NtN N,Ni N Gasoline R R;R ~_~. CIR C;R C
-- i _~__~_-____-_ _~
Butyl Alcohol A R;R N R R!R C Glycerine
-- ~. --~ ~~_.. - ~_._.._._-R.- R .j ~__
R R/R R/R
+ --it__.. C
Butync acrd R N,C N R C;R C Gold Cyanide R -.._RsR RIR RIR R
__ .T .___~_.___ 7m-m
Hexane
Cadmrum Chlonde ~_ _____~~~ R - C.?.. N-_*- NI R/_.__...
CR C
(continued)
Synthetic Resins and Polymers 237
Phosohorous Trtchlonde
Tin Sulfate
Phthalrc actd
Toluene
Picrrc acrd
Trrchloroethylene
Potasstum Brcarbonate
Trrsodtum Phosphate
Potasswm Carbonate -..- R R;R R!R
~__-_~,~~______~~~~~~_ R/Rids ~~~
~~ R
Tung 011
Potassrum Chloride R RIR
A_ ___~_,R IR _-._ RJR, -...-._R
Urea
Potassium Cyanide
_~. ___.~ R R’R$_ ___ R -;‘R_ R_i .R-_ f?
Potassrum FerncyanIde
Potasstum Ferrocyanide
Potassium Hydroxide. UP to 30%
Potassium Hydroxide, 30% and over R
238 Corrosion Resistant tWaterials Handbook
ArrI<~ldehyde Cresol
-
N x x Aolybdenum dtsulftde -_- -
/wetdIes IlOW mol WtI :yClOhexane N X .4onoerhanolarnme
?CCIIC acid [less Ihan >clohexanone N N X daphtha C X
5%l 3acetone alcohol - N N datural gas x ‘;i
Acellc ;1Cld (more 3methyl lormamrde - C N Jrckel salts X X
than 5’bl Essentral 011s X -- dltrtc acrd (drluted) X X
AcetIc nrlhydrlae
Acrl0 “ItrIle
Ethers C NC rlrtric sod [med cone) x ;i
Ethyl acetate N C N \11trrcdcrd Iconc) C C
.itrtone Ethyl alcohol Qtrobenzene N X
Aceryl bromide
.Aceryl chlorrae
(Ethanol) C c x Jltrogen oxides x T
Ethyl bromtde N - x Qtrous acid X C
All Ethyl chloride N N X 311s. animal N X
UWVJIS Ethylarnme N - N 311s. mmeral N Y
Allphatlc Ethylene chlorohydrln N N X 31s. vegetable C X
hydrocnrbon\ Ethylene dlchlonde N N X 3lerc actd C I
?~“rn~num
Alum~nurn
Chl0rrae
sulphdte
Ethylene glycol
-
X x x 3XdllC acid x X
-
Ethylene oxrae N N 3xygen lgasl X
Alurlls Farry acids X c x ‘erchlorlc acrd N X
.Ammonld (gas. IlquldJ Femc chloride X c x ‘erchloroethylene N ;i
~\mmon~“m acetxe
Frrrrc sulrate X c x ‘henot C X
Ammorwm carbonxe Ferrous chloride X c x ‘hosphonc sod
Ferrous sulfate X c x @rthol X X
?mmonwm hyarOxlae
Fluoborate salts X --
--
‘hthallc acid x x Xylene (Xyloll
Zlrlc ihlorrde
N
X -
N X
x
Fluoborrc acrd X ‘lattng solutrons X X
Flue-SI~ICIC acta X -- ‘olyglycol - -
Formaldehyde X C N ‘otasslum carbonate x x Uquehd food producu Ty9on
“food”
FormlC wd X C N ‘otaswum chlorate -
X
-
X
Frron N N C ‘otaswm hydroxide
Gdsolrne (non- (med concl -X -
X
dromr)clcJ N N X
‘otasstum hydroxide
Gasoline (hrgh X
(CO”Cl X
4n111rir h>arvchiorlae aromatlcrtyj N N X X
‘otasslum Iodide X
4rlIlmon\’ I&S GlUCOSf? X x x ‘pdlne -N N
A4”d regra (75% Glue X - x ~tlrcone flurds x
hyarochlortc. 25%
“llll‘ dCldJ
Glycerme
Hyarlourc dcrd
X
X -
x x
x
;&one 011
jllver nttrate
c X
X
X
?rorrlatlc
hydrocarbons
Hydr@bromlC
Hydrochlorrc
acid
actd
X
X
N
N
X
X
joap solutrons x
X
x
jodrum btcarbonate X
hrsenlc salts Hydrochlonc acid jordum blsullate X X
Bnwm
Berwldehyde
\rllts (rned concj
Hydrochlorrc acrd
X N X
jodwm
jodrum
brsulrite
borate
x
X
x X Milk ot maqnesra
Benzene (concJ X N X
SOdrUm carbonate X X
N
~erizenwlon~c
Benzorc aCla
dcla Hydrocyaw
Hydrofluorlc acid
acid X
X N
X
X
Sodrum chlorate x x
iodlum chlorrde X X
Benlyl dliohol Hyarogen peroxlde X
Sodrum ferrocyantde X
Ble‘ichlng Ilquors
Bow dcra
Iail
Hydrogen peroxrde
X x x
iodtum
Sodrum
hydrosulfite
hydroxrde
x x
BrOlnl”e (COIILI N x c Id4 X X
Bul‘lne Hydrogen sulfide X N N -
Sodrum hydrcxlde
Hypochloroul acid X X X
(med concl -X -
I0rJlne so1ut10ns X - x
IBuwr 101) Krrosrne N N X Sodrum hydroxide
HUlVllC dCld lconcj -X -C
Uquclltd hod producu
Krrones N N N
Sodrum hypochlorrte Beer
Calcium oxode Lacquer soIvents N N N
Ibelow 5%) Butter
(alluteal Ldctrc acrd X - x _-X -
X
Coca co13 syrup
Cdlwm salt5 Sodrum hypochlorlte
Ledd acetate X N N
C3rbon brsulfrae /above 5%) C X Coffee
Lrnseed 011 X x x
Sodlurn nrtrate X Lard
Cdrbon arowde Lrthrum hydroxrde
Carbon tetrdchlorrae 15%) _ N X Sodrum srlrcate x T hldzola 011
Chlordceuc dcld
Magnewm chlorrde X x x Sodrum sulhde X X Orange peel 011
Chlorine (wctj Maynewum sulldte X - x Sodrum sulphrte X X Orange syrup
Scotch whiskey
Clllorlne (dry1 M&c dcld X x x Steam Iup to 40 pstl -ii 1
Chlorooenrene Stedrlc acid X Spry shortenmg
iManganese salrs X x x -
C1110(obrornonlethdrle ,Merc”ry salts X - x Styrene x Tdb concerltrdte
Chlotolwm hlethdne - N X Sulrur chlorrde c x Tla Marla liqueur
Chlorosull0”lc acrri 1Methyl rhlorlde - c x Sulfur dloxrde X x Vegetable 011 X
Chromic acra ‘Mlxed dud (40% Sullur hexdlluorrde
-
-
2 Vl”egar X
Chrom8”nl \dlts s”lph”rlc. 15%
Copper S&S rlllrlcJ C
f- xJ
Synthetic Resins and Polymers 239
<
0
.-
0
aueldaH 0
0
_._
auazuag C
uo!lnlos ap!xoJpAq wntpos <
me 3lJOlWOJp~~ pawluasuog ‘
(%OL) PI= 3’Jl’N <
(~~86) P9 3lJnw-s .
/
1
z, JWeAlOd
>,,q&lu,ec(l wwwQwwww~www~ww~wwww~wwwcJwwQ-wQ-uwww~w LOW
99 WAN
‘S’H B ‘d.9 aw wwaw w w W awwwaa ww waawwww aww
W=‘W~bd 0 a w a a u_ a waaw LLLWWLW a wwaw ww wuwaw
Odd ‘P’W
euelAlS 0 c-9
240 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
% tensile retaineda
Noryl
phenylene
Nylon- Poty- Poly- oxide based Polyphenyl-
Chemical 616’ carbonate3 sulfone4 resin2 ene sulfide5 Phenolic
n-Butylamine 91 0 0 0 49 loo
0 51 65 -
c Ethylenediamine 78 0
Aniline 85 0 0 0 96 100
Amlnes -
Dimethylaniline 100 0 0 0 100
Morpholine 93 0 0 0 80 -
Pyridine 74 0 0 0 93 -
(continued)
Synthetic Resins and Polymers 241
76 tensile retaineda
Noryl
phenylene
Nylon- Poly- Poly- oxide based Polyphenyl-
Chemical 6/6 1 carbonate3 sulfone* resin 2 ene sullies Phenolic6
Acetophenone 87 0 0 0 100 -
Cyclohexanone 07 0 0 0 99 -
Methyl ethyl ketone 07 0 0 0 100 100
Aldehydes. ketones 1
Benzaldehyde 98 0 0 0 84 100
37% Formaldehyde 77 100 100 100 100 -
Furfural 81 0 0 0 100 100
Acetyl chloride 0 0 0 0 100 -
Benzyl chloride 80 0 0 0 100 -
Carbon tetrachloride 76 0 17 0 100 -
Chlorobenzene 73 0 0 0 100 100
Chlorinated -
2Chloroethanol 12 0 0 53 100
organics
Chloroform 57 0 0 0 07 100
5% aq. chlorophenol 41 42 0 57 100 -
Epichlorohydrin a4 0 0 0 74 -
Ethylene chloride 65 0 0 0 72 -
Amyl acetate 88 46 0 0 100 -
Butyl acetate 95 0 32 0 100 -
Esters
Butyl phthalate 90 46 63 19 100 100
{ Ethyl acetate 89 0 0 0 100 100
Butyl ether 100 61 100 0 100 -
Cellosolve 81 78 0 47 89 -
96 0 0 0 88 100
87 0 0 0 76 92
Cyclohexane 90 75 99 0 100 -
Heptane 84 100 100 36 91 98
Diesel fuel 07 100 100 36 100 -
Gasoline 80 99 100 0 100 -
Stoddard solvent 86 100 100 0 100 -
Hydrocarbons Mineral oil 90 100 100 100 100 -
Motor oil 88 100 100 100 100 -
Wesson oil 100 99 100 100 100 -
Dowtherm 89 0 0 0 100 -
Toluene 76 0 0 0 96 -
I Xylene 91 0 0 0 100 100
93 25 0 69 96 100
N&riles{ ;f;z;.;$; 88 0 0 0 100 -
TABLE 1.65: VARIOUS RESINS AND ELASTOMERS FOR LININGS AND MEMBRANES-ATLAS
3-PLY is a sheet lining consisting of a layer of hard natural rubber sandwiched between two layers of soft natural
rubber.
ATLASTIC 31 is a hot-melt asphaltic compound with a ball-and-ring softening point of 200° to 225°F (93” to 107°C).
ATLASTIC 40 is a corrosion-resistant membrane system consisting of a layer of ATLASTIC 40 textile in the center
of two layers of ATLASTIC 31. ATLASTIC 50 is a textile-reinforced, hot-melt asphaltic membrane with a ball-and-
ring softening point of 250” to 275OF (121” to 135OC).
CHEMPRUF linings are a series of heavy-duty monolithic systems based on epoxy, furan, polyester, and vinyl ester
resins. The CHEMPRUF 1000 Series systems contain flake glass as filler and reinforcement. The CHEMPRUF 2000
Series systems contain fabric reinforcement which provides a lining with outstanding structural integrity and chemi-
cal resistance in broad thermal ranges.
Flake Glass Systems Resin Binder Fabric Reinforced Systems Resin Binder
CHEMPRUF 1100 Furan CHEMPRUF 2100 Furan
CHEMPRUF 1200 Epow CYEMPRUF 2200 Epoxy
CHEMPRUF 1300 Polyester CHEMPRUF 2300 Polyester
CHEMPRUF 1301 Polyester CHEMPRUF 2301 Polyester
CHEMPRUF 1400 Vinyl Ester CHEMPRUF 2400 Vinyl Ester
R: Recommended
N: Not recommended
A: Silica filler will be attacked. Sealing the surface may prolong life
C: Conditional; may be suitable but consult Atlas before using
X: Does not apply
2
=0
5
=
4:
-
C Room Temn ti 150°F C H Ct. I (
-
Acetaldehyde NN Hh I t
-
Acetic acad. up lo 10% CN RR I P
-
Acetlc acid. glaClal NN RN I P
Alum ‘A Ft i-i I F
-
Alumwwm Chlortde RR 9R I F
_
Alummum Nitrate RR Ti
- I P
Alummum Sulfate IRR 3R F
TABLE 1.65: VARIOUS RESINS AND ELASTOMERS FOR LININGS AND MEMBRANES-ATLAS (cont’d)
1t
- - - -
7-
T
54
8 8 6 8 8 s
1
$
s ? z z yr ;; z l7
=E 2 I i i 2
t-3
a Is ” t Ii
I ;i;
z 0 4 Ei ii %
C Room Temp. H 150°F
-z
CH
2
-
:li
-
CH
-
(:n
-:nz ,
-6
c:n
[ -6 -6
c:n
c C
-6
CH I ( I ( I I ( :I4
1
- - - - -
, Ammomum Nltrale RP 3C 3N RR -7i-c F i-z
- I RR Fii FtR(RR RI R F RIR
-
~Ammontum SuItate RR
- 3C G
- RR Fi-i
- FIR
-
I RR FL-i
- 3R RR F RI R F RIR
-
Amvl Acetale Nh JN UN NN rUN PIN I RR nIN JN NN hIN h NIN
- - -
~ Amy1 Alcohol RR
- 4N UN
- RC
_
f UN
-
4N
-
IUN
-
RR ni-i
- 4C RC F hIN F Rz
-
;
I Amhne NhI r4N UN NN t UN in4N IUN NN nIN JN NN h hIN h NIN
- - - - -
, Aqua Regba Rh
- I r4N UN YN rUN n1N IUN c hIN L
1
I NN nIN JN CN IN
- -
j Barwm Chlortde RR I F3R G
- RR f i-i
-
FIR
-
I9R RR RIR
-
4R RR F R R F 6 IR
cl FIC I1C
-7 --I
IR ( 72 RIR RR RIR IR RR R R R RIR RR RI-
- - -
i-i FIR G
-
FIR
-
RIR
-
I3R RR RIA
-
1-i R R R R R RIA RR AR
-
I Etromme wear z
- h1ri JN
-
PIN
-
nIN
-
IU N! NN NIN
-
IC NN h NIN R N IN
-
~ Bulyl Acetate Nh I rJN UN JN nIN I RR h IN 1N CN C NIN h N IN
- - -
1 Butyl Alcohol RR
- I rJN UN
-
JN
-
I!IN
-
I RR C:H
-
IC RN R C N R Ac
Gi
- F,R 3R FE
-
RIA
-
1R F RR IA
-
IN RC A:R I- RR n R N R
-i-
-
N N NN N N R
A
/Otric acld IRRIRR N RR R R ‘R
(continued)
244 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
TABLE 1.65: VARIOUS RESINS AND ELASTOMERS FOR LININGS AND MEMBRANES-ATLAS bnt’d)
- - _.- -
--r
8 6 8 8 8
t c 2 :! z x
2 f 5 z i
2 i
t ri:
tt 1
i t
0: 2!
E E
5
2 5 al E- % a8
z i
-6
6 6 6 -6
- - -
i C Room Temp. H 150°F ( :n CH CM CH :ti t1, c:k CH
/ CM ; CH CM I (
~HlCH ! ’
- -_
; Copper Ntlrale \RR RR UN I
__
FtR 1 tc cc cc 5-i RR Ii-ii ( FIR
-
3R
-
UN / FIR f tR
t
RR RR z
- RR I ii I FIR
-
3R
-
UN c1N r JN:NN RR UN RN I i-i I3NIRR , FIN 3N
- - - -
UN c4N r JN NN RR UN NN r4N ,YNlRR , hIN 4N
- - - -
Dlethyl Ether NN NN UN h1N r dN/NN RR UN NN I JN IVNjRR r hIN UN
- - - -
Ethyl Acetate I NN I-NN UN hIN r RR UN VN rJN IVN;RR rrlN h IN 4N
-~ - - -
:N C:N ( RR 3R ?R FIN I3C,RR F1R RIR E
- - -
JN hIN r RR NN 3N FK (,NIRR EJN RIN :N
- - - -
JN hIN P AC NN VN PJN rqN/RC rJN NIN 1N
- -
Ethylene Glycol RR RR tC RIC F ?R FG F3R’RR F1R A R tR
- - -
FIUOSIIICIC acld RR RR tC AIA F UN r.IN rrl N / R’R P4N RI’R R’R
- 1 -
Formaldehyde RR RR JN h IN F ?R FIN FIAlAR FtR R R
.~ -
Formx aad CN RN JN hIN F 3C FIC F r.,N Rc IC,RC
-
Gasolme NN RR 4N C:c P 3R FIN F FIC AR N;RR
-
Glycsrme RR RR tC hIN C 3R FIC 63R!RR FIC R Tt C r- RR
- - -
Gold
nex*ne
Cyrnlde
IiydrObrOmlC acld
RR
NN
RC
-
RR
RR
RR
tFt
JN
IC
RIA
RIN
NIN
F
F
7R
2R
?C
PIR
-
RIN
-
RIR
-
FtR
F1R
FIC/NN
F RR
RR
FIR
FIC
C:N
R R
RR
-
R C
-
RlRR
N r- RR
R:RC
: Magneswn Nitrate RR RR R R IC -E
-
R R RlRR IC R
__ +
N 3RtNN R5
(continued)
Synthetic Resins and Polymers 245
TABLE 1.65: VARIOUS RESINS AND ELASTOMERS FOR LININGS AND MEMBRANES-ATLAS (cont’d)
8 8
c cy
-,-
i i
I? It.
[
-t
C Room Temp. H 150°F 1”” cl.41 CHjCH cnicn I c c
--
Mercuric Acetate NN RR!RC “C CC RRtCN F r
- i----
Methyl Acetate NN “C NN NN NN E h
-
Methyl Alcohol CN RC+NG RRJCN F c
___- -
Methyl Ethyl Ketone ’ NN--*- NN NN I---NN NNICN NN NN.NN RR NN F h
-_-~ --
Methyl Sulfate NN/NN NN NN NNIRC NN NNF RR I- NN FE~CNIAR;NNJCN ii IN CN
MIneral 011 CN
-
NNiRR.NN’CNICN; RR RC F KilRRIRRR FIR RR
7 -i---
MIneral Splrlts CN NN “CCNNICN! RR t RC F RIC RC
- - [
Murlatlc acid NN RRIRRiRR Rta F R!R t RR
Nickel Chloride F F
Nickel NItrate F R
NNICN F ”
I
N,lrtcac,d.20%1- +- NN
I-
+--RRINNlNN GJRR~NN NN NN ”
t- NN
,RC F
h N
NN/RR N N! h N
N N/ C N
Olelc
Oxalic
acid
acid
NN
G”R
RR
I- RC,RC RR NN
R
R
”
N
t
Perchlorx acid NN NN h N
Phenol CN CN R ”
--I
NN’R N NN NN CN i- NN
._i
Phthallc acld /RR RR RC I NN RC “C RR NN R ”
NNlNN NN
I-
N N
RR R ”
A R
Potasswm Fetrtcyanlde R I,
Potasswm Ferrocyamde R II
Potassum Norate R ” ” RR
t-
Potaswm Sulfate R RiRR
Pyrldlne N N NN
R C Ad
1.
9R RR RC AC cc ICC/cc R R RR
r--- c_
RRjRC R R RR
.-
Sodium Bicarbonate -RR iA R C RR
1~
(continued)
246 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
TABLE 1.65: VARIOUS RESINS AND ELASTOMERS FOR LININGS AND MEMBRANES-ATLAS kont’d)
-
I- I I I i
5
z
2
2
n
A
C Room Temp. H 150°F CniCnlcHlcnlcn t; cn cn cn CH cn
Sodium Carbonate
c
Ii-i
-
Sodium Chloride 1?R
-
Sodlum Cyamde I3R
-
Sodium Hydroxide. up to 30% I3R
i Sodlum Thwxulfafe fG
-
14N
-
i Stearlc acid 9R/RRti-Nm I 1N ?R!RCjRCk
-
/ Sulfur Dioxide gas. dry n4N CN
-
1 Sulfur Dloxlde gas. wet n1N NN
- -
1 Sullur Trloxlde gas. dry n1N NN
-
i Sulfur Trloxlde gas. wet hIN NN
- -
Sulfut~c acid. up to 50% FIR CN
- -
, Sulfurx acid. 80% hIN NN
I -
hIN NN
-
hIN NN
-
hIN
-
h IN
-
h IN
-
NIN
-
Tin Chlortde ~RRHCN~RRR C:N
‘Tin- -
:N
-
Toluene IN
-
Trxhloroelhylene IN
-
Trlsodwm Phosphate R
-
Tung 011 lk
-
Urea R
-
xylene N
Ant Chloride
Zinc Nitrate
Ztnc Sulfate
Synthetic Resins and Polymers 247
Acctaldehyde A NR - A - A NR Q
Acettc Acids A Q A A A NR Nfl A NR Q
Acetac Anhydride Ac,d A NR NR A NR i Q NR A Q NR
Acetlc Acid, Glacial A A A/Q A A A NR Q A Q A
Acetone A NR NR A - A A A
Acetonitrile A NR Q A NR Q A NR A A A
Acetophenone A A/NR NR NR A NR A -
Acetylene A - - A - A A A
Acetyl Chloride (dry) A NR Al- A NR NR NR NR A A NR
Acid Mane Water AI- - A - Q NR NR
Alcohol, Amyl A A A A NR A A
Alcohol, Butyl A A A A A A A :
Alcohol, 2.Aminoethanol A A NR A A Q
Alummum Chloride (dry) A A A NR A A A A
Aluminum Sulfate A A A NR A A NR NR
Chlorohydroxlde (wet) A A - NR NR NR
- Q
Ammonia, anhydrous Al- Q A A A
Ammonium Chlortde A A A A A A A -
Ammonium Hydroxide A A A A A A NR Q Q
Ammomum Nitrate A A A A A NR A NR
Ammonium Sulfate A A A A A Q A t Q
Amyl Acetate A Q A NR NR A NR Q Q
Aniline A NR A NR NR A NR A A
Asphalt Emulsions A A - A A
Barium Hydrorlde A Q A A - NR
Bar&urn Chloride A A A A A A A A : Q
Barium Sulfate A A A A - A A
Benzene A NR A/Q A - - A A
Benzaldehyde NR/C NR AlQ A NR NR A NR NR A
Benzene Sulfonic Acid A NR A/Q A NR A NR NR NR NR
Benzonitrile A NR A NR NR A NR - -
Benzyl Chloride A NR A A NR NR A NR - - -
Borax A Q A A - A A Q
Bromine (wet) WQ NR A A A A NR NR NR NR NR
Butadiene Al- A A - A A A
Butane A : A A - A A A
Butylene A Q AjNR A - - A A A
Butyl Acetate A NR NR NR NR A NR A A A
Butyl Amme A/Q’ - NR A NR NR A NR A A A
Butyl Ether A A A A NR A P A A A
Butyl Phthalate A Q NR A NR - -
Calcium Chloride A A A A A A A A Q Q NR
Calcium NItrate A A A A A A NR A
Calcium Sulfate A A A A A A NR A A A Q
Carbon D&oxide A A A A - A A A
Dlsulftde A NR Al- A - - A A A
Tetrschloride (wet) A/Q NR A A NR NR A NR NR NR NR
Cellosolves A Q A A NR NR A A A A A
Chlorobenzene (dry) A NR A A NR NR A NR A A A
2-Chloroethanol A - NR Q NR NR
Chloroform A/Q NR A A NR NR Q NR A A A
A - - - -
Chlorophenol, 5% Aqueous NR Q NR NR
Chlorosulfonic Acid NR NR NR A - - Q NR NR
Chlorme(dry) Q A A A Q Q Q
Chromic Acid A NR A A A A Q A NR NR NR
Cottonseed Oil A A A A A A A A Q A
m-Crew1 (crude) A NR A A NR NR NR NR A A A
Cresyldiphenyl Phosphate n Q NR A Q
Crude Oil ). P A A - Q A
Copper Sulfate h I\ A A NR NR
Cycloherane 4 P A A A NR A A
Cyclohexanol 4 9 pi A A NR Q A :
Cyclohexanone 4 NR NR A NR NR NR A A
Detergents 4 4 A - A Q
Dtesel Fuel 4 z 4 A A NR A A A
(continued)
248 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
m m m - m
WF 1W’ F MO’F MO’F 20s F ZWF AL”-
‘ENYD, Y KYNAR TEFLDf POLY NYLON XROC MlNUM
“LFOf P&E:I STEEI (3cQI)
- m m m -
Diisobutylene A A A - A
- -
Dimethyl Aniline A A/Q NR NR NR
Dimethyl Formamide A NR - A NR NR NR A Q
Dimethyl Phthalate A NR A - - A A
Dlmethyl Sulfoxide A - NR A NR - -
Diphenyl Ether A - A A A
Dioctyl Phthalate A Q A - A
p-Diorane
Dowtherm
A
A
NR
-
NR A
A
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
Q
A
Q”
A
Eplchlorohydrin (dry) A NR A NR NR NR A A A
Ethanolamine A NR A - A A Q
Ethers A AIQ A - A A A
Lthyl Acetate A NR A/Q A NR NR NR A Q A
Ethyl Chloride (wet) A Q A A - NR NR NR
Ethylene Chloride A Q A A NR NR NR Q Q
Ethylene Dlamine Q NR A/NA A NR NR NR A Q :
Ethylene Dichloride AIQ NR A - Q Q Q
Ethylene Glycol A Q A A A A A A Q Q
CaSOllne A A A A NR A A A A A
Glycohc Acid A : NR A - - A NR Q
Heptane A Q A A NR A A A A
Hexane A Q A - - A A A
Hydrochloric Acid, 20% NRIF A A A A NR A NR NR NR
Hydrochloric Acid, 37% NR/Q A A A A NR NR -
Hydrufluoric Acid, 5.75% A’ A A NR NR NR NR
Hydrogen Gas A A - A A
Hydrogen Peroxide, 30% : Q A : NR A
HydroSen Sulfide (wet) A Q A A Q A
KWOSel-le A A A A A
JP Fuels A : A A - A A
Ketones A NR NR A - A A
Lactic Acid A Q NR A A A NR A NR
LPC A A A - A A
Lubricating Oil A A A - A A
Magnesium Chloride A A A A A Q Q NR
Magnesium Hydroxide A : A A A A Q
MethylenaChloride A -
Methyl Ethyl Ketone A NR NR A NR NR A NR A A
Methyl lsobutyl Ketone A NR NR A - - A A
Mmeral Oil A Q A A A A A A A A
Morphofme &IQ - NR A NR NR A NR A A
C9tor Oil k A A A A A A Q
Naphtha n A A A A
Naphthalene h A A A A
Nitric Acid, 10% WQ iI A Q NR A A NR
35% VQ R A )I NR
(Cont.) 1 n A 9 NR
Nitrobenzene VQ VQ A YR NR 4 4
Nitrogen \ 9 A /4 4
Nitromethane VQ YR
(continued)
Synthetic Resins and Polymers 249
m m m
MO-r 2W” F 2M’ F IW”F 2wf ZW’F wF
ALU-
MEDIA RYTON PENTON KYNAR TEFLON POL”. NORlL NYLON :ARBON
ULFONI STEELYINUY
oca1)
m m m - m
Perchloroethylene (dry) A A A - NR - A Q A
Phenol A A A A Nil NR NR NR Q NR A
Phosphoric Acid AIQ A A A A A NR A NR NR NR
Phosphorus Trnchloride (dry: A NR A A - A A NR
Potassium Chloride A A A A - NR
Q P
Polarslum Hydroxide, So% A A A A Q A NR
Polarslum Permanpanate A P A A A A NR A Q Q Q
Propylene Chlorohydrin AIQ A/NR A
Pyrldlne A NR A NR NR Q NR A A A
Sodium Bicarbonate A A A A A A A A
Sodturn Carbonate A A A A A A A A :
Sodturn Chloride A A A A A A A Q Q
Sodaurn Chromate A Q - A A A A NR
Sodium Hydroxide, 15% A A A A A z A A NR
Sodium Hydroxide. 3D% A’ A A A A A NR A NR
Sodium Hydroxide. 50% A’ A A A - NR
Q
Sodturn Hypochlorlte Soln. P : A A A A NR NR NR
Sodium Sulfate A A A A A A A Q
Sodwm Sulttde A A A A A A : A Q
Sodium Thlosulfate A A A A A A A A Q
Steam-&IV F A A _ A NR
Q
Stoddard Solvent A A A A NR A A A A
Sulllnol A - A A - - A -
S”lfolUle A NR A A NR -
Sulfur Dmxide A Q A A - A Q A
Sulfuric And. 30% A A A A A A NR A NA NR NR
Sulfuric Acid, 50% A’ A A A A - NR NR NR
Sulfuric Acid. 98% A/Q * NR A A - A A A NR
Tetrahydrofuran A Q QINR A NR NR NR A A Q
Toluene A NR A A NR NR NR A A A
Tomato JUG A Q - A - NR A
Tnchlorethylene Al’2 NR A A - : P Q
Trxhlorrcetic Actd A NR AjNR A NR NR NR
Trlethyl Phosphate A NR A A A A
Trlphenyl Phosphite A NR NR
Trlsodlum Phosphate A A - A
Turpentme(dry) A A - A
vmegar A A NR
Water, Deionized A A - NR
Sea A A - Q
Tap A A A A NR
Xykfle A A NR NR A
Zmc Chloride A A - Q
HYPALON’ OR CPE R
(Chlorosulfonated Polyethylene) (Reinforced Chlorinated Polyethylene)
. ..provides excellent resistance to weathering and . ..specifically formulated for resistance to oils. Offers all
chemical attack. Hypalon is available only as a rein. of the desirable characteristics of Watersaver CPE and
forced membrane and does not require a protective in addition, provides greater strength and resistance to
cover for most applicatrons. Hypalon is approved for creep, sagging, and puncture where conditions of use
potable water containment. are severe, such as steep slopes or other high stress ap-
plications.
PVC (Polyvihyl Chloride)
EPDM
. ..membrane offers good chemical resistance, sealabili-
ty, and serviceability in unexposed applications. It has (Ethylene Propylene Diene Monomer)
performed satisfactorily as a liner for recreational lakes,
. ..he. ,sen used for roofing and lining applications for
canals, evaporation ponds, sewage lagoons, brine
many years. Superior weathering and elongation
ponds, etc. It is recommended that an earthen cover be
characteristics have made EPDM the most widely used
provided for PVC to maximize its service life as a fluid
single ply roofing membrane in the U.S.A.
barrier.
I
-
ETHYLENE PROPYLENE DIENE MONOMER (EPDY)
1
CHLOROSULFONATED POLYETHYLENE (HYPALON) (CSMI
ACID RESISTANCE DH 2 to 7 II II RR i P
PETROLEUM PRODUCTS i i
I .
POTABLE WATER 1 NR R 1 RR UR 1R
DOMESTIC WASTE R R RR i I
DOW plastic lined pipe, fittings, and valves are designed and manufactured Maximum Tsmperaturs-nF PC)
specifically for safety with long service life and process integrity in handling
corrosive media, either liquids or gases,
The variety of lining materials in the line of DOW piping products allows the
engineer designing a piping system to select components best suited for that
particular service. The complete line includes:
SL piping products lined with SARAN* polyvinylidene chloride resin.
PPL piping products lined with polypropylene resin.
KL piping products lined with KYNAR** polyvinylidene fluoride resin.
PTFE piping products lined with polytetrafluoroethylene resin.
J2
3
f
i
g
i
5
e
i
5
.t i 5 ._
11
5 ._
1
.-
.I
i 3 I I i f
TABLE 1.68: VARIOUS RESINS FOR PLASTIC LINED PIPING PRODUCTS-DOW CHEMICAL (continued)
Maximum Temperature--7(T)
Not
*ls = as 110 19 1 Recom
Cormsiw Strsrm 1 11361 llnl llm ml El 11 2 04 mended
I I I
Calciumchlwin Pm IL PPt St
Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
;ris
- - - - - - -
,
: i Zd :
- - - - - - -
$0
2
- - - - - - -
ih h id 6d e
- - - - - -
i
- - - - - - -
- - - - - - -
$
- - - - - - -
- - - - - - -
r; e
= = = -- = =
If
E i
-E -E -E 2
- -E - -
ij
= ?s 2 f
a
D
5
I
= D
1
y
m
:
z 1
0
I D E 7,
8 Y 0
f
6 E u‘ z
-
E il: -i
7
- -
i;
- - - - -
L
: d : i
- - - - - -
i; i;
- - - - - -
d ii id i
- - - - - -
- - - - - -
i;
.
- - - - - -
- - - - - -
ti
= = = = = =
-
E -E -E -E -iz -E
1
D
e i
I
m
;
_O 5
1 f
i
i
0
x
.Y
‘. 0 f .Y
.r
s 0
B
f
6 3 ;
d
TABLE 1.68: VARIOUS RESINS FOR PLASTK LINED PIPING PRODUCTS-DOW CHEMICAL (continued)
z
KL
SL
PPL
PPL
‘i
IL
SL
KL SL
PPL
PR’ SL
SL It
KL
PPL
St
PPL
St
IL
-t KL
KL
PPL
St
Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
6
- - -
L
- - - -
*
- - - -
iti $c4 $
- - - -
- - - -
ii
- - -
- - -
- - - -
i; i: ti
= = = =
E E E F
- - - -
t:
$
t ;
E f 5 .Y
2 5 2 E
a! E P f
E I H I
iit
2
c c
- - - - - - - - - -
ii 2 i h
- - - - - - - - - -
i; ii i
- - - - - - - - - -
iti c f G;
- - - - - - - - - -
ii
- - - - - - - - -
-is -k
L
; f b t
- - - - - -
- - - - - - - -
ii
- - - - - - - - -
ii 1 d ii
= = = = = = = = = =
:
- -E -E -E -E -r” -E -E -1 -E
3
D
f i i
. ij $s
3 I f: I:
0
x
: j .Y
.5
: ; 2
0 Y
z .Y
Y Z K
f j B
‘, :: 8
d i Y 2 f d i a
TABLE 1.68: VARIOUS RESINS FOR PLASTIC LINED PIPING PRODUCTS-DOW CHEMICAL (continued)
I I I I I IL
I
Y
(continued)
TABLE 1.68: VARIOUS RESINS FOR PLASTIC LINED PIPING PRODUCTS-DOW CHEMICAL (continued)
(continued)
TABLE 1.68: VARIOUS RESINS FOR PLASTIC LINED PIPING PRODUCTS-DOW CHEMICAL (continued)
sodium uh I =* II I
I St
PPL
TABLE 1.68: VARIOUS RESINS FOR PLASTIC LINED PIPING PRODUCTS-DOW CHEMICAL (continued)
I nff II II’ I I WL I I I SL I I I
Pm n PPL St
I I
nrf I(t wt SL
Pnoriun chbrat llSWOPll I nffll I I PPLi I KL i I St-3I I I
Pmusium chbrida PrR KL PPt St
I I
Pauaium shmmtie ImIk~lin*~ nrf Kt ?Pt I SL I
nR IL PPL- St
nfi IL PPL St
nfi lu PPt St
I
Pm PPL
SL
Synthetic Resins and Polymers 261
% :
I
I ~
- - - - -
a
:L 1
- - - - - -
E i: itI
- - - - - - -
I
- - - - - - -
5
- - - - - - -
z i
c
a :
- - - - - - -
c 2 ti
- - - - - - -
ti d
- - - - - - -
= zrE!!?E = = ?I Z? =
E
_ E -E E -E
_ c _E
_ -E
E
t . z
Z
g i$ g g
1 2 ; ; x .u 3
F
. e e .g 2H .g ”
z 1 % 2 ZZ I
2 3 &l n lz I
i
-t - - - - - - - - -
A
i; i
- - - - - - - - - - - -
1.
2 :;: i s
- - - - - - - - - - - -
i
+I i kg ti L t rcs :i LYI
- - - - - - - - - - - -
, 22 z
- - - - - - - - - - - -
f z s
-
L
- - - -
:
- - - - - -
s
- - - - - - - - - - -
;
- - -
I
- - - - - - - -
;
x b ;: * il
= = = = = = = = = = = =
E E E E E E E E
- - - -E - -E -E - - - - -E
= k
3
-.
6 z
fs
e
1 H
4
s F
k ;
t i : 3 5 . . Y P
ep 5 s I 0
I
5 f
5
5
m
,; :: 2
._
B
f
P P
.a
t
2
OL
c I 1 L c. fi z
E I 5
i I 5 I 5 I I I i ._ ;
3 3 3 d s
:: s i z I 3 % ,x
TABLE 1.68: VARIOUS RESINS FOR PLASTIC LINED PIPING PRODUCTS-DOW CHEMICAL (continued)
Msximum Temperature--7 fTI I Maximum I
Comasire Stream
Synthetic Resins and Polymers 263
F
CPVC’ POLYPROPYLENE PVDF VITON EPDM
I
PVC’
‘3°F 140°F 7 3°F 185°F 3’F 12O’F 15O’F 18O’F 3-F 15O’F 23O’F 2BO’F 3°F 14O’F 185°F 7:3’F 14O’F 210°F
Acetaldehyde NR NR R R UR NR NR R R
Acetamlde R UR NR NR A R R
Acetic Acid, 10% R R R R .R .R R R UR NR NR R R NR
Acetic Acid. 20% R R R NR R R R R R UR NR NR R R NR
ACetOne NR NR NR NR R NR NR R NR NR NR NR UR NR NR R R R
Acetophenone R R NR R NR NR NR NR UR NR NR
Acetyl Chloride R R R R R UR NR NR
Acetylene R R R R R R R R R
Acetyl Nltrlle NR NR R R NR UR NR NR UR NR NR
Acrylac Acad. Ethyl Ester NR NR
Acrylonltrlle NR NR NR NR R NR UR NR iR UR NR NR
Adlplc 105 Acid R R R R
Alcohol Ally! A NR R R R R NR NR
Alcohol Amy1 NR NR R NR R R R R R R R UR NR NR R R R
Alcohol, Benzyl NR NR R R R R R R R R R R R
Alcohol. Butyl. Pnmary R R R NR A R R R R R R R R R R R
AICOhOl. Isopropyl R R R R R R R NR NR R R R R R R
Alconol Methyl R R R R R R R R R R UR NR NR R R R
Alc”nOl Propargyl R R
Al‘Otwl Propyl R R R R R R R R R R
Ally, Chloride NR NR A NR R NR NR
Alum R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R
Alum Ammon,“m R R R R R R R R R R R R
Alum Chrome R R A R R R R
Alum. Potassium R R R R R R R R R R R
Alurmnum Chloride R A R R R R R R R R R R R R
Alumnum Fluoride R NR R A R R R R R
Aluminum Hydroxide R R R R R R R R
Alum,num Nitrate R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R
Alum,num Oxychlonde R R UR NR NR
Alum,num Sulfate R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R A R
Ammoma Gas R R R R A R R R R R R UR NR NR R NR
Ammonum Blsulflde A R R
Ammon,um Carbonate R R R R R R R A R R
Ammonwm Chloride R R R R R R R R R ‘R R. R R R A
Ammomum Olchromate R
Ammohlum Nitrate R R R R R R R R R UR NR NR R R
Ammonwm Persulphate A R R NR R R R R R
Ammonwm Phosphate R R R R R R R R R R R
Ammonum Sulfate R R R R R R R R R R R R UR NR NR R R
Ammonum Sulfide R R R R UR NR NR R R
Ammonwm Thmcyanate R R R R R
Amyl Acetate NR NR UR NR Nk NR R R NR NR UR NR NR R R R
Amyl Chlorlde NR NR R R R R R R A UR NR N”
An,l,ne NR NR NR NR R R R R R NR NR NR UR NR NR R R NH
An,lme Chlorohyarate NR NR
An,l,ne Hydrochloride NR NR R R R R R R
Anthraqumone R R R R R
R’ Recommended to 210°F - Data tp 210°F for other chemxals presently not awlable
264 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
‘3°F 140°F 3°F 185°F’ 3°F 120°F 150°F 18O’F 3°F 150°F 230°F 280°F 7 3°F 140°F 185°F 7 3°F 140°F 210°F
Anfhraq”4”one S”lfonlc ACld R R R R R
Ant,mony Trlchloride R R R R A A R R R R R R
Aqua Aegla NR NR R NR R f R R R NR NR NR
Arsenic Acid R R R R R R R R R R R
f R R R
Aryl Sullon~c Acld R R R R R
R R R R R R
R R R R R R
R R R R R R
R
R R R R R R R R
R R R R R R
R A A A R
R R R R R
R NR R NR NA NR
NR NR R NR NR NR NR NR NR
R
NR NR VR NR NR NR NR NR R R NR NR R R R NR NR NR
R R R R R R R NR NR NR R R R NR NR NR
A R R R R R R R R NR NR NR
R R
R R R R R R R NR NR NR
R R R R R R R R R NR
R R R R R R R NR
R R R R R R R R R R
R R R R R R R R R R R R
R R R R R R R R
R A R R R R R R NR
NR NR R R NR NR NR
R R R R NR NR NR
R R NR NR NR NR R R R NR NR NR
NR NR NR NR NR
NR NR NR NR NR NR
R R R R R R R R R NR NR NR
R R R R R R R R R NR NR NR
NR NR R NR NR NR NR NR R NR NR NR NR NR NR R R NR
R A R NR R R R R R R R R NR NR NR R R R
R NR NR NR R R NR
R R R R R NR NR
R R R R R R R R R NR NR NR
R NR R R R
R R R R NR NR NR
R NR
R NR R R R R R R R R NR NR R R NR
R R
NR R R R R R
R R R R R R R R R R R NR NR NR
R R A R R R R R R R R R R R
R R R R R R R
R R R R R R R R R
R A R R R R R R R
R R R NR R R R R R
R R R R R R R
R R R R R
R R R R R
(continued)
Synthetic Resins and Polymers 265
F I
CHEMICAL PVC’ CPVC POLYPROPYLENE PVDF VITON EPDM
‘3°F 140°F 7 3°F 155°F 3°F 120°F 150°F 180”Ft 3°F 150°F 230°F 280°F 7 3-F 14O’F 185’F 3°F 140°F 210°F
R R R R R R R R R R R R R R
R R R A R R R R R R R NR NR
R R R R R R R NR NR NR
R NR R R A NR NR NR R R NR
R NR NR NR R R NR
Chloracerlc Acid R R R R R NR NR NR R NR NR
Chloral Hydrate R R NR NR NR
R
R R
R NR NR NR NR NR R R R R A NR NR NR
NR NR NR NR NR NR R R R R R NR NR NR
NR NR UR NR A A R R R NR NR NR
Chlmne Water Saturated R R A NR R R R R R R
Chioracetlc Acld R R R R NR NR NR R NR NR
Chloroacetyl Chiorlde R
Chlorobenzene NR NR R NR NR NR R R NR NR R R A NR NR NR
Chlorobenzyl Chloride NR NR R R R
Chloroform NR NR UR NR NR NR NR NR R R R R R R NR NR NR
Chlorop,cr,” NR NR
Chlorosulfonlc Acid A NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR
Chrome Ac,d 10% R R R’ R R R R NR NR R R R R
Chromic Acld 30% R A R’ R R R R NR NR R R R R
CHromfc Acld 40% R R R’ R R R NR R NR NR R R A R
Chromfc Acid 50% NR NR R’ R R R R R NR NR R R A R
C~tr,c Acid R A R R R A R R R R R R R R R
Cocon”r 011 R R R R R R R R R NR NR NR
Coke Oven Gas R R R R R R R R NR NR NR
Copper Carbonate R R R R R R R R
Cooper Chloride R R A R R R R R R R R R R R
Copper Cyantde R R R R R R R R R R R R R R
Copper Fluoride R R R R A R R R R A R R
Copper Nitrate R R R A R R R R R R R R
copper Sulfate R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R
Corn syrup R R R R R R R R R R R R
Cottonseed 011 R R R R R R R R R R R R R R NR NR NR
CISOl NR NR R R R NR NR NR NR NR
Cresylx Aad 50% R R R R NR NR R R R NR NR NR
Croton Aldehyde NR NR R NR NR NR
R R R R R R R R R R R NR NR NR
R R R R R R R R R
R R R R R R R R R R R R R
A R R R R
NR NR NR NR NR NR R R R R A R R NR NR NR
NR NR R R NR R R NR NR R R A NR NR PUR
NR NR UR NR NR NR NR R NR NR NR NR NR NR R NR NR
e R
R R R A R R R R R R R R R
II R R R R R R R R R R R R R
R R R R R NR NR NR
R R R R R R R R
R R
NR NR
NR NR R A NR R NR NR NR R NR NR
R NR R NR NR
NR NR R R NR NR NR
NR NR NR NR NR NR R R NR NR NR
R R R R R R R R NR NR NR
NR NR R NR NR NR NR NR R NR NR
R R R R NR NR NR
R NR NR NR R NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR
R R R
R R R UR NR NR NR NR NR NR
NR NR UR NR R UR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR
NR NR UR NR NR NR NR NR NR
(continued)
266 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
CHEMICAL
D~octyl Phthalate
‘3°F
NR
PVC’
140°F
NR
CPVC’
r3OF
NR
185°F’
NR
3°F
NR
POLYPROPYLENE
120°F
NR
150°F lEOoF’
NR NR
tI 7 3’F
UR
150°F
NR
PVDF
230°F
NR
ZIJO’F
NR
7‘3°F
R
VITON
140°F
NR
185°F
NR
I
7 3°F
R
EPDM
140°F
NR
210°F
NR
Dloxane NR NR R NR NR NR UR NR NR NR NR NR NR R NR NR
D~oxane. 1. 4 NR NR UR NR NR NR
f NR NR NR
Dlsodlum Phosphate R R R R R R R R R R R
Dwmylbenzene
Epsom Salt R R R R R R R
Ethvl Acetate NR NR ‘R R NR NR UR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR
Eth;l Acetoacetate NR NR R NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR
Ethyl Acrylate NR NR R NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR
Ethyl Chloride NR NR ‘R NR NR NR R R R R R R R R R
Ethyl Chloroacetate NR NR
Ethyl Ether NR NR NR NR NR NR R NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR
Ethylene Bromide NR NR R R R R NR NR NR
Ethvlene Chloride NR NR R NR Nk Nk R R R R R R ‘R NR NR NR
Eth;lene Chlorohydrln NR NR R NR NR NR R R R R NR NR
Ethylene Dlamme UR NR NR NR NR NR NR R R R
Ethylene Dxhlorlde NR NR YR NR NR NR R R R NR NR NR
Ethylene Glycol R R R R R R NR R R R R R R R R R
Ethylene Oxide NR NR R NR NR NR NR R R R
Fatty Acids R R R R R R R NR NR NR
Ferrac Acetate R NR
Fernc Chloride R R R R R R R R R R R. R. ‘R R
Ferrac Hydroxxde R R
Ferric NItrate R R R R R. R R R
Ferrac Sulfate R R R R R R R R R R R R
Ferrous Chloride R R R R R R R R R A
Ferrous Hydroxkde R
Ferrous NItrate R R R
Ferrous Sulfate A R R R R R R R R R R R R
Fish Solubles R R
Fluorine Gas Wet R NR R Nk NR NR
Fluoborlc Acld R R R NR
R R R NR R R R R R NR NR R
Formaldehyde. 35% R R R NR R d R R R NR NR NR NR
Formaldehyde. 37% A R R NR R R R R R NR NR NR NR
Formaldehyde. 50% R R R NR NR NR NR NR
Formrc Ac,d R NR R NR R R R R R R R R R
Formic Acld (Anhydrous) R R R’ R R R
Freon F-11 R’ R A R NR NR NR
Freon F-12 R R R R. :: :: R NR NR
Freon F-21 NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR
Freon F-22 YR NR R NR NR NR R R R
Freon F-l 13 R R R NR NR NR NR NR
Freon F-114 R R R R R R R R
R R R R R
R R R R R
YR NR UR tik i&l NR UR NR NR NR NR NR NR R NR NR
Gall~c Acld R A NR R NR NR NR R R R R NR NR
Gas. Natural R R R R R R R R R
Gasoline. Leaded R UR ik idi NR R R R R R R R NR NR NR
Gasolme, Unleaded R UR NR NR NR R R R R R R R NR NR NR
Gasolme. Sour R UR NR NR NR R R R R R R R NR NR NR
GeMIn R R R R R R R R R R R R
Glfl
GlUCOSe R R. R R R R R A .R R R R R R’ R R R
Glycerme. Glycerol R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R
Glycohc Acld R R R NR NR NR
Glycols R R R R R R R R A R R R
Grape Sugar R R R R ri
neptane R R UR NR NR NR NR NR NR
NR R R NR NR NR : :: : E NR NR NR
Hydrobromoc Acld. 20% : R R NR R R R R R R R R NR
Hydrobromx Acud. 5wb R kI R R R R R R NR
Hydrochloric Acld. Cont. 37% R R R R.. R R R R R R R NR NR
(continued)
Synthetic Resins and Polymers 267
F
CHEMICAL PVC’ CPVC POLYPROPYLENE PVDF VlTON EPDM
WF 14O’F ‘3°F 155OF’ 3’F IZO’F ISO’F 15O”Fj 1‘3’F 1SO’F 230°F 25O’F 7 3°F 140°F 155°F 3-F 14O’F 210°F
Hvdrocvanc Acld R R R R R R R R R
H;droc;an,c Aad. 10% R R R R R
: R R R R
Hvdrofluorlc Acid. Dalute R NR NR R R R ‘R. R R NR NR NR NR
Hydroflurac Acod. 30% R N9 NR R R A NR NR NR NR
Hydrofluorlc Aad. 40% R NR NR NR R A R NR R NR NR NR NR NR
Hydrofluonc Acid. 50% A NR NR NR R R NR NR NR NR NR
Hydrofluos~l~ac Acid R R R R A R R R
Hydrogen R R R R. R R R R R R
Hydrogen Cyamde R R A R
Hydrogen Fluor!de. Anhydrous NR NR NR NR R. Uk NR NR
Hydrogen PeroxIde R R R : R R R R UR NR NR
Hydrogen PeroxIde. 50% R R R R R R R R R R R R UR NR NR
Hydrogen PeroxIde. 90% R R R R R R UR NR NR
Hydrogen Phosphrde R R R R R
Hydrogen Sulfide. Dry R R R R R’ .A R R R R R UR NR NR R R R
Hydrogen Sulfide. Aqueous So R R UR NR NR R R
Hydroqumone R R R R R R R R UR NR NR
Hydroxylamme Sulfate R R R
Hypochlorous Ac!d R R R R R R R R R R R
Hydrazme NR NR
lodIne NR NR R R R R R R NR NR
Iodine Solutton. 10% NR NR A R A R R R A
Isopropyl Ether NR NR NR NR NR NR
1sooctane R NR iR NR R R R NR NR NR
Jet Fuel JP-4 R R R R R R R R R NR NR NR
Jet Fuel. JP-5 R R R R R R R R R NR NR NR
Kerosene R R R R NR NR NR R R R R R R R NA NR NR
Kraff L,quor R R A
Lactic Acid 25% R R R R R R NR NR NR R R R R NR NR
Lactic Aad. 80% R R R R R NR NR NR R R R R NR NR
Lard 011 R R R R R R R R R R NR NR NR
Launc Acid R R R A R
Lauryl Chlonde R R R R R
Lead Acetate R A R R R R R R R R R NR NR NR
Lead Chloride R R
Lead Nitrate R R R R R
Lead Sulfate R A
Lemon 011 UR NR NR NR R R R
Llgrolne R R R R R NR NR NR
Lime Sulfur R R R R R R R R R
L~noletc Acld R R R R R R R NR NR NR NR
Llnolelc 011 R R R NR NR
Linseed 011 R R R .R R R R R R R R R R NR NR NR
Linseed 011 Blue A R R
Llq”e”rs R R
LIthum Bromide R R R A R
Lubr,cat,ng 011. ASTM dt R R R R R R R A R NR NR NR
Lubr!cat,nq 011. ASTM UP R R R R R R R R R NR NR NR
Lubncatm~ 011. ASTM 113 R R R R R .R R R R NR NR NR
MachIne 011 A R R R NR NR NR NR NR
Magnesium Carbonate R R R R R R R R R
Magnesium Chloride R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R
Magnesium Catrate R R R R 9
Magnesium Hydroxide R R A R R R A R R R R R R R R R
Magnesium NItrate R R R R R R R R R R R R R
Magneswm Sulfate R A R R R R R R R R R R A R R R R
Manganese Sulfate R R R R R
Male% Acid R A R R R R R R NR NR NR
Mal~c Acid R R R A R R NR R R R R R R NR NR NR
Mercurtc Chloride R R R R A R R R R R R R A R R
MB,CU,IC Cyamde R R R R R R R R
Mercuric Sulfate R R R R R R R R R R R
Mercurous Nitrate R R R R R
Mercury R R R R R R. R R R R R R R R R R
(continued)
268 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
F I F
CHEMICAL PVC’ CPVC’ POLYPROPYLENE PVDF VITON EPDM
B”F 140°F 7 3°F 185’F’ ’ 1‘3°F 120°F 150°F 18O’Fi I 7 3°F 150°F 230°F 280°F 1‘3-F 140°F 185°F 7‘3°F 140°F 21O’F
Methane R IR R R R R R NR NR NR
~efhylene Cplcrobromlde ik NR
Methoxyethyl Oleate R
Methylamlne NR NR f
Methyl Bromide NR NR R R R R R R R NR NR NR
Methyl Cellosolve NR NR R R R R NR NR NR R NR NR
Methyl Chloride NR NR R R R R R R R NR NR NR
Methyl Chloroform NR NR R R
NR NR NR NR R NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR R NR NR
NR NR NR NR R NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR
A NR NR NR NR NR NR
R NR R R R R
R R R
NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR
NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR R NR NR NR NR NR
NR NR NR NR NR NR
R R
R R R R R R R R R R R R
R R R R R R NR NR R R R R R R R NR NR NR
R R R R A R R R R
NR NR NR NR NR NR R R R R NR NR
R R R R R NR NR NR R R R NR NR NR
R R R R R R R R R A NR NR NR
NR NA R R NR NR R R R NR NR NR
R R R R R R NR NR NR
R NR NR NR R R R
R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R
A R R R R R R R R R R R
R R R R R R R R R R R R R R A R R R
R R R NR NR NR
R R R R R
R R R R R R NR NR R R R NR NR
R R R R’ R R R R NR NR R R R NR NR
R R R R’ R NR NR NR R R NR NR R R NR NR NR
R R R NR R NR NR NR R R NR NR R R NR NR NR
R NR R NR NR NR NR NR R NR NR NR R R NR NR NR
NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR
NR NR R NR NR NR R NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR
NR NR
A NR NR NR NR NR R R R
Nitrous Ox,de R NR R R
Nltroglycol NR NR
0,lsVegetable R A R R R R R NR NR NR
Ole,cAcld R R R R R R R R R R NR NR NR NR NR
Oleum NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR R R R NR NR NR
Oxalic Actd R R R R R NR NR NR R R R R R R
Oxalic Acid 50% R R R R R R R R NR NR NR R R R R R R
Oxygen Gas R R R R R R R R R A R R R NR NR NR
OZOfl.5 R R R R R R R R R R R R
Pai”,f,c Ac,d R R R A R R R R R R NR NR
Palmittc Acid 10% R R R R R R R R R R R R R NR NR
Palm,,,‘ Ac,d 70% R NR R R R R R R R
Paraflln R R R R R
Peracervz Acid 40% R NR
Perchlorlc Acid 10% R NR R R R A R R R R R
Perchlo,,‘ Acid 70% R NR R R R R R R R
Perphosphate R
Petroleum 011s Sow R R R R NR NR NR
R R R R NR NR NR
NR NR R NR NR NR R R NR NR R R NR NR NR
Phenylhydrazme NR NR R R R NR NR NR
Phenylhydranne Hydrochloride NR NR
Phosgene Ltquld NR NR NR NR NR R
Phosgene Gas R NR NR NR NR R R
(continued)
Synthetic Resins and Polymers 269
1 I
PVC’ CPVC’ POLYPROPYLENE PVDF VITON EPDM
1‘3°F 140°F 7 3°F 185’F’ ‘3°F (20°F 150°F 18O”Fi 3°F 150°F 230°F 280°F 1‘3°F 140°F 185°F ‘3°F 140°F 210°F
R R R’ R R R R R R R R R R R R R
R R R R’ R R R R R R R R R R R
R R R NR R R R R R R NR R R R R R
f R NR
R R
R NR R R R R
NA NR R R R R R R R R
R R R R R R R R R R
NR NR R R R R R
A R R R R R R R A R R R R
R R R R R R R R R R R R R
R R R R’ R R R R R R R R R
R R R’ A R R R R R R R R
R R R R R R R R R R R R
R R R’ R R R R R R R R R
R R R’ R R R R R R R R R
R R R R R R R R R R
R R R R R R R R R R R R
R A R’ R R R R R R R R R
A R R R A R R R R R R R
R R R R R R R
R R R R R R R R
R R R R R R
R NR
R R R NR R R R
R R R R R
R R R R R R A R
R R R R R
R R R R R A R R R
R R R R R R A A R R R
R R R R R R R A R R R
R R R R R R R R R R
R R R R R R R A R R R 4
R R R R R
R R R R R R R R R R
R R R R R R R R R R R
R R R R R R R R R R R
R NR
R R R R R R R A R R R R
R R R R R R R R R R R R
R R R R R
R R R R R R R NR NR NR R R R
R R R R R
R R R R R R R R R R R
R R
R R R R
R R R R R R R R R
R NR R R R R R R R
R R R R R
R R R R R R R R R R R R R
R R R R R R R H R NR NR NR
NR NR
NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR R
NR NR R NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR
R NR R R
R R R R R R
NR NR R NR NR NR
R R
R R R
R NR R R R R
R R R R R A R R R R
R R R R R R R R R R R R R R
R R R R R R R
(continued)
270 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
I
CHEMICAL PVC’ CPVC’ POLYPROPYLENE PVDF VITON EPDM
73°F 140°F ‘3°F 185’F * 7 3°F 120°F 150°F 18O’F U’F 150°F 230°F 280°F : 7 3°F 140°F 185°F 7 3°F 140°F 210°F
soaps R R : R R R R R R
Sodaurn Acetate R R R R R ik ik Nk i R R R
Sodwm Alum R R R
Sodlum Benzoate R R R
R R R R R R R R R R R R
R R R
R R R R R R R R R R R R R
R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R
Sodium Borate R R R R R R R
Sodium Bromide R R R R R R
Sodium Carbonate R R R R R R R R R R R
Sodium Chlorate R NR R R R R R R NR
Sodium Chiorlde R R R R’ R R R R R R R
Sod,““- Chior~te NR NR R R R R
Sodlum Cyanide R R R R R R R R R R R R R R
Sodium Dlchromate R R R R R
Sodium Ferrlcyanlde R R
Sodturn Ferrocyanide R R
Sodium Fluoride R R R R
Sod,““, Hydrox!de 154. R R R R R R R NR NR R R R
Sodturn lodlde
Sodium Metaphosphate R R R R 1 R R R R R R
Sodium Nitrate R R R R R R R R R R R R R NR NR R R R
Sod,um Nitrite R R R R R R R R R
Sodium Sulfate R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R
Sodium Suillde R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R
Sodium Suif~te R R R R R R R R R R A R R A R R
Sodium Thlosullate R R R R R R R R R R R R R
Sour Crude 011 R R R R R R VR NR NR UR NR NR
Stannlc Chloride R R R R R R R R R R R R R R
Stannous Chloride R R R R R R R R R R R R R R
Starch R R R R A R R R
Stearlc Acid R R R R R UR NR NR
Stoddard s Solvent NR NR R R R R R R R UR NR NR
SUCCI”IC Acid R R R R R R R R
Sul+amtc Acid. 20% R R R R R R
Sulfated Detergents
sui1ate Liquors R
Sulfite Liquor R R R R R
Sulfur R R \1R NR NR NR R R R UR NR NR R R R
(continued)
Synthetic Resins and Polymers 271
F I 1 1
CHEMICAL PVC’ CPVC’ POLYPROPYLENE PVDF VITON EPDM
I ‘3-F 140°F 7 3°F 185-F’ 7 3°F 120°F 150°F lBO”F1 7 3°F 150°F 230°F 28O’F 7: 3°F 140°F 185°F 7 3°F 140°F 210°F
Tall Oil R R R R R R
Tann~c Acid R R R R R R R R R R R R R
Tanning Liquors R R R R R
TX R NR NR NR
Tartarlc Acid R R R R. R R R R R NR NR NR
Tetraethyl iead R NR R R R A R NR NR NR
Tetrahydrodurane NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR
Tetrahydrofuran NR NR UR NR UR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR R NR NR NR NR NR
Tetra Sodium Pyrophosphafe A R
Thwnyl Chloride NR NR
Thread Ctittlng 011s R NR NR NR
Tlrpl”Kl NR NR NR NR NR
T,tan,“m Te,rachlor,de NR NR R NR NR NR
Toluene Toluol NR NR UR NR UR NR NR NR R R NR NR R NR NR NR
Tomato Juice R R A R R R R
Transformer 011 R R R R NR NR R NR NR NR
Transformer 011 CITE/30 NR NR NR
Trlbutyl Phosphate NR NR R NR NR NR 4R NR NR R NR NR
Tributyl Citrate R
Trvzhloroacetec Ac,d R R R R R R NR NR NR 4R NR NR R NR NR
Trichloroethylene NR NR UR NR UR NR NR NR R R R R R R R NR NR NR
Tr~efhanoiam~ne NR R NR NR NR 4R NR NR R NR NR
Trtefhyiamlne R R NR NR NR R R fi
Trimethyipiopane NR
Trlsodlum Phosphate R R R R R R R R R R R R R
Turpentine R R UR NR NR NR R R R R R R R NR NR NR
R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R H R
R R R R R R R R R R R H
NR NR R A R NR NR NR NR
R R R NR R R R R R R R R R R R R
R R R R R R R R R R R a
NR NR R R R R
R R R’ R R R R R R R R R R R R R
R R R R R R R R R
R R R’ R R R R R R R R
R R R. A R R R R R R R
R R R’ R R R R R
water Salt R R R’ R R R R R R R R
water Sea R R R’ R R R R R R R R
water sewage R R R R R A R R R R R R
Whiskey R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R
White Liquor R R R R R R R R R
w,nes R R R R R R R R R R R R R R
xyiene ,xylol, NR NR UR NR VR NR NR NR R R R R R NR NR NR
ZI”C Chiorlde R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R
Zinc N~trale R R R R R R R R R R R
zinc Sulfate R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R
“1” Excellent Rcstrtance - This fluid is expected to have The amount of discoloration that can be tolerated is
minor or no effect on the polymer. usually established by the user on the basis of
application. Obviously, products such as paint must be
“2” Good Rerirtrnce -This polymer should give reasonably conveyed through a hose having very good
satisfactory service. Due to the nature of this chemical nondiscoloring characteristics. If the product is not
and under prolonged continuous exposure, the stock visually affected, then the hose is satisfactory. For
may exhibit minor to moderate deterioration and/or some products, the discoloration may not be
solution discoloration. Environmental changes such as objectionable from a visual standpoint. However, the
temperature, concentration, etc., may promote amount and makeup of the particles causing
increased degradation. discoloration may be objectionable if they affect the
final use of the product.
“x” Not Recommended - The stock is unsatisfactory for
this chemical and should not be used. Some of the more common methods of checking
discoloration are:
“-” (Darh) - Insufficient or no data is available for this
material. Testing is advised. Allowing the fluid to remain in a sample piece of hose
for a given period, and then inspecting visually for
Note 1: The above ratings as applied to the Chemical discoloration.
Resistance Tables are intended as guides only. They
are compiled from the best data available to us. Ratings Testing fluid as in No. 1 above and then passtng it
shown in the tables are based on a temperature of 70” F. through filter paper to check foreign content.
and 100% concentrated or saturated solutions unless
otherwise noted. A more refined test can be made with a soectroohotometer.
This instrument measures light transmission ihrough the
Note 2: If unusual conditions exist, a stock test in the fluid is fluid before and after immersron tests with the stocks. This
ives a relative rating expressed in percent, the original
suggested.
1 uid being rated as 100%.
Note 3: Where a chemical listed in the Resistance Tables is
soluble in a solvent other than water, the solvent should
also be checked for its suitability with the stock.
(continued)
Synthetic Resins and Polymers 273
TABLE 1.70: VARIOUS THERMOPLASTIC POLYMERS FOR HOSE STOCKS-GATES RUBBER (continued)
CHEMICAL RESISTANCE TABLE
Anathole ...................................... - -
Aaniline ......................................... 2 X x X -
A&line Oils .................................... 2 2 1 - 1 X
A,rrimal Fats ................................... 1 2 - - X
A,nti-Fraaze (Glycol) ........................... 1 1 1 - 1
A rcqc-2.100 ................................. 2 1 1 - - 1
A roclqr, Monsanlo ............................. - -
A rqmatx Hydrocarbons ........................ - 1 2 2
A raemic Baits.................................. 1 1 1 - 1 X
A’akarel (Transformer 011) ...................... X - 1 - - X
(continued)
274 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
TABLE 1.70: VARIOUS THERMOPLASTIC POLYMERS FOR HOSE STOCKS-GATES RUBBER bontinued)
HOSE POLVMER TYPES
CHEMICAL G
I 2 I v I E I U I 0
A-Continued
B
BalticTypes 100 150. 200 300. 500 ............ 1
Banvel. Concentrated .......................... -
Barium Carbonate ............................. 1
3arwm Chlonde ............................... 1
3arlum Hydroxide ............................. Use Chenvcal Hoses
3arfumSulfate ................................ : I 2 I --
3arlum Sulfide ................................
3aslc Copper Arsenate ........................ 1 1 -
3aygon .......................................
3eer .......................................... Use FDA Hoses
3eel Sugar Lquors ............................
3ellows.SO-20 Hydraulic Oil ................... :
3enzaldehyde ................................. X
3enzene ...................................... X
3enzoic Actid .................................. Use Chemical Hoses
3enzyl Alcohol ................................ 1 2 -
$lack Sulfur LlquOr ............................ 2 2 -
)orax (Sodium Borate) ........................ 1 1 2
{ordeaur Mxture ............................. 1 1 -
I
1 1 1 1
C
alcium Arsenate ............................... 2 1 2 1
alcium Bisulfate ............................... - - -
al&m Bisutflde ............................... 1 1 1
alcium Bisulftte ........ ..- .................... 2 1 1
alctum Carbonate ............................. 1 1 1 1
slcium Chlorite... .............................
Chloride. 1.. ...........................
ccslcium 1 X 1 1
Hydroxide (Cont.) .....................
ccllcium Use Chemical Hoses
Clklcium Hypochlorite (5%) .. .................... 1 -
Calcium HypochloftlO (15%). .._ . . . . ..__. .__._.. . 2
Calcium Nitrate _.. . . . . . . ..... .... .... . .. 1 -
Calcium Silicate . . . . . . . . _. . . . . . . . . . . _. . . . . 1 -
Calcium Sutflde . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 -
Cane Sugar Lquon . . . ._.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1
Carbohc Acid (Phenol) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , Use Chemical Hoses
Carbon Disufhdc . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . X 2
Carbon Dioxide (Dry) . . ......... ........... 7 1 1 1 1
Carbon Dloxicb (Wet) . . . . . . . . . _. . . . . . . . . _. _. . . : 1 1 1
Carbon Totnchloride . . . . . . .._. . . . . . . . . . . . . _... X 1 X X
Carbonic AIM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Use Chemical H05en
Carter MotorDt1................................ 2 1 1 2
Synthetic Resins and Polymers 275
TABLE 1.70: VARIOUS THERMOPLASTIC POLYMERS FOR HOSE STOCKS-GATES RUBBER (continued)
ICreosote .......................................
Creoaol (Cresylic Acid) .........................
Crude Petroleum Oil ............................
Cyclohexane
Cyclohexanol
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . _. . . . . .
..................................
1
X
X X
2
2
2
US
X
:hemicel l-l
1
1
!s
X
-
-
ICycloheunone.................................
Cymene ........................................ - -
:
-
X
:ontlnued)
276 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
TABLE 1.70: VARIOUS THERMOPLASTIC POLYMERS FOR HOSE STOCKS-GATES RUBBER (continued)
D-Continued
Enamels....................................... 2 1 1 - -
Ethers ......................................... 2 X 2 - 2
Ethyl Acetate ........... ....................... X 1 2 1 2
Ethyl Alcohol (Ethanol) ......................... 2 1 1 1 2
ithyl Chlorrde.. ................................ X - X - X
EthylEther .................................... X - 2 - - I
Ilhyl MerCaptan ................................ X - - - I
Ethylene Chlorrde ............... .............. X 1 X - X )
Ethylene Chlorohydrin .......................... X - X - X 1
ilhylene Glycol ................................ 1 1 1 1 1
F
:actovis 52 .................................... - - 1 - -
:atty Acids .................................... 1 - 1 - 1 )
‘arrrc Chlorrde ................................. 1 - 1 1 - >
‘erric Sultate .................... _.............. 1 - 1 1 - i
errous Chloride ............................... 1 - 1 1 - 2
errous Nitrate ................................. 2 2 - - 2
errous Sulfate ................................. 1 1 1 - 2
we Resistant ktyd Fluid (TeXaco) ............... - 1 - -
king Solutron (Photo) ......................... 1 - - -
luorborickid ................................. Use Chemical Hoses
luorine Liquid ................................. No HoseAvailable
tuoailicic Acid .................... ._. ......... UseChemical tioaes
ormaldehydc (37%). ........................... 1 1 2 I 1 2
ormic Acid .................................... lha Chemical Hoses
R Fluid D ..................................... - 3 1 -
R Hydraulic Fluid .............................. - 1 -
FtM ........................................... - - 1 -
(continued)
Synthetic Resins and Polymers 277
TABLE 1.70: VARIOUS THERMOPLASTIC POLYMERS FOR HOSE STOCKS-GATES RUBBER (continued)
H
Heptachlor (m
Petroleum) ...................... 2 - 2 - -
Heptane ....................................... 2 2 1 X 1 K
Hexane .................................... 2 - 1 - 1 K
Houghto-Safe 271.416 ......................... - 1 2 - 2
520 526. 616. 620
625 640
Houghto-Safe 5046. 5046W ................... - 2 1 - -
Hy-Chock 011 ................................ - 2 1 - -
Hydra Fluld. AZR (L 0. A. 0. AA. C ............. - 2 1 - -
Hydra FluId 760 ............................... - 2 1 - -
HydraSol A .................................... - 2 1 - -
Hydraultc Flwd HF-31 ......................... - - - - -
Hydraulic FluId HF-16. HF-20 ................... 2 1 1 - 2
Hydraulic Flwd (Std Petroleum). ............... 1 2
Hydraulic FluId (Phosphate Ester) .............. 1 : 1 - 2
Hydraulic Flutd (Waler Glycol) ................. 1 1 1 2 1
Hydra&c FluId (Texaco Safely 200. 300). ....... 2 1 2
Hydraulic 011s (Shell) .......................... : 2 1 - :
Hydrazme ..................................... - - - -
Hydrobromlc Acid ............................. Use Chemical Hoses
Hydrochloric Acld ............................. Use Chermcal Hoses
--
Hydrocyamc Acld ............................. Use Chemical Hoses
Hydro-drme 011.. ............................. 2 2 I 1 1 - 2
Hydrofluoric Acid ........ __.................... Use Chemical Hoses
Hydrofluosllicx Acld ........................... Use Chemical Hoses
Hydrogen .................................... Contact Gates
Hydrogen Chloride ............................ Use Chemical Hoses
Hydrogen Fluoride ............................. - - -
Hydrogen Peroxide (lo”). ...................... 1 2 I 1
Hydrogen Peroxide (Over 10%). ............ _. .. Use Chemical Hoses
Hydrogen Sulhde .............................. Contact Gates
Hydrolubric 011(Houghton) ............ ._... _.. 2 1 -
Hydrolube (Water Glycol) ....................... 2 1 -
Hypochlorous Acid ..... _. _. ....................
(continued)
278 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
TABLE 1.70: VARIOUS THERMOPLASTIC POLYMERS FOR HOSE STOCKS-GATES RUBBER (continued)
HOSE POLYMER TYPES
CMEYICAL 0 I z I Y I E I U I C
I-Continued
I.50Cyanate _. _. _. _. - I -
(Toluene Of-lsocyanate)
I
J
,e,FuelJP-3................................... X 2 X
let Fuel JP-4 _. _. X 2 X
let Fuel JP-5................................... X 2 X
t -- i
let Fuel JP-6 _. . _. _. _, . . _. . _. ( X X
let Fuel JP-X _.. .__ .._. ._. . ._._. 1 X X
L
L.acquers ....................................... X X
L acquer Solvents ............................... X X
L actrc Acld ................... _,.............. Use Chemical Hoses
L asso (Ag Spray) ...............................
- 1 I 1 ; -
L ead Acetate ................................... ’ 1 2 I 2 1 -
L ead Arsenate .................................. 1 1 - 1
L ead Sullate .................................... 2 1 1 - 1
L ead. Telraethyl ................................ - - 1 - -
L ead. Tetramethyl .............................. - - 2 - 1
L me ........................................... 1 1 - 1 2
1
L rme Bleach .................................... 2 : 2 1 - 2
L rme Sulfur ..................................... 2 2 1 - - 2
L mdane (Ag Spray). ........................... - 2 2 - - -
L tnseed Cake
- - 1 - 1 -
M
M achrne 011 .................................... 2 1 1 X - 2
M agnestum Carbonate .......................... 1 1 1 - 1 1
U agnesturn Chlorrde ............................ 1 1 1 1 1 2
U agnesrum Hydroxide .......................... Use Chemical Hoses
U agneswm NItrate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .._._. ( 1 - 1 - - 2
M a&3eswm Sulfate ............................. 1 1 1 1 2
U agnus-Light ................................. : 1 1 - 2
U agnus-Medw'n ............................... 2 1 1 - - 2
hl alarhron (Ag. Spray C on C) ................... - 1 2 - - -
Mercury ........................................ 1 1 1 1
Marcury Slttr .................................. 1
Metallic Soaps .................................. 1
Meaityt Oxide .................................. X
Mathcne .......................................
. .. . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 -
_I
Methoxychlor (Inaectici6a) I I 2 I
&elate ................................. X X
I
Why1
UethylAcrylrt. ................................. -
WhyI Alcohol (h40thW~M) ...................... 1 2 2
............. -
(continued)
Synthetic Resins and Polymers 279
TABLE 1.70: VARIOUS THERMOPLASTIC POLYMERS FOR HOSE STOCKS-GATES RUBBER (continued)
M-Continued
Me!hyl AmIne (60%) ........................... - - 2 - - -
Methyl Amlne (9%) ........................... - - - - - -
Melhyl Amy1 Carbmol.. ........................ - - 2 - - -
Methyl Bromide ............................... X - X X X
Methyl Butyl Ketone (MBK) .................... X 1 2 - X
Methyl Cellosolve .............................. - 1 - - -
Methyl Chlonde ............................... X - - X
Methyl Ethyl Ketone (MEK) ..................... X X - X X
Methyl Formate ................................ - - - -
Methyl lsobutyl Ketone (MIBK)................. X X - X X
Methyl isopropyl Ketone ....................... X 2 X X X
1
1
1
-
1
1
1
1
-
-
2
-
1
-
1
2
2
-
1
2
2
1
I
2
Monochlorobenzene ........................... X X X X X X
Motor 011s .................................... 2 1 1 2 2
Munatx Acid (Hydrochlonc) ................... U! Chemical Hoses
(Mustard....................................... - 1 - -
N
Naphtha (Low Aromatic Content) . .. ........ . X 2 - - X
I
-f
Naphthalene ................................... /
Natural Gas ................................... Contact Gates
Nickel Acetate ................................. - -
Nickel Chloride ................................ 1 - 2
Nickel Nitrate ................................. : - - 2
Nickel Salts ................................... 2 1
Nickel Platmg Solution ......................... Use Chemical t ies
Nxkel Sulfate ......... ..:. .................... 1 2 I 1 1 -
Nwzotine ....................................... 1 2 1 - 1
-
Niter Cake (Sodium Bisulfatel ................... 1 1 1 - 1
Nitric Acid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .._. Use Chemical t ms
X X X X X
x I
- -
-4
1 1 1 1 1
Nitrogen Oxide up to 50% . . . . .._. _.._.. __. ...... 1 1 1 - - :~
~~ - 2 X -
2 X -
1
Use Chemical F les
2 1
2 1 -
1 1 1 2
x 1 1 2
_I
2 1 1 X 1
U Chemiul H
2 2 2 X
(continued)
280 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
TABLE 1.70: VARIOUS THERMOPLASTIC POLYMERS FOR HOSE STOCKS-GATES RUBBER (contimed)
HOSE POLYMER TYPES
CHEMICAL G I 2 I Y I E I U I 0
O-Continued
OS 45 Hydrauhc Flu&d ......................... 1 2 -
(Sd0cate Ester Base) I
Oxakc Acid .................................... UseChemcalI es
Oxygen ....................................... - 1
I -
Ozone ........................................ -
P
Pacemaker Types 15OT. 300T
SC0T (Citgo) ................................ -
Pamt .......................................... -
Pam1 Solvents (Oil Base). ...................... -
Pamts (011 Base) .............................. -
I
2
Pentachlorophenol m 011. ...................... - -
Pentane ....................................... Use 20BHB C
Perchlortc Acid ................................ Use Chemrcal t es
Perchloroethylene _. . . - -
Pentasol ...................................... -
Petroleum 011s ................................. 2
Petroleum 011s (Sour). ................. ._. ...... -
Pelroleum 011s (Refmed) ........................ 2
Phenol (Carbohc Acid). ......................... Use Chemical t
Phenolates ..................................... 2
Phorone ....................................... -
Phosphate Esters (to 150°F) ..................... -
Phosphate Esters (above 15o’F). ................ -
Phosphorrc Acid. ............................... Use Chemmal Hoses
Photographrc. Developers ....................... -
Photographrc. Emulsions ....................... -
Photographic. Fuung Solutrons.................. - -
Phthahc Acrd ................................... Use Chemical Hoses
PICNICAcid (Water Solution). .................... 1 -
RneOil........................................ - -
Pmene ......................................... -
Prperarme Hydrochlonde Solution ............... -
0-w
Prtch ........................................... X
Platmg Solution (Chrome) ...................... Use Chemical Hoses
Polyester Resin ................................. 2 2 -
Polyurethane (to 125’F) ......................... - - -
Potassium Acetate .............................. 1 - -
Potassium Bromrde............................. 1 1 1 -
Potassium Bmarbonate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .... ... 1 1 1
Potassium Brsulphrte ........................... 1 -
IPotassium
Potassium
Potassium
Potassium
Potassium
&ornate .............................
Carbonate ...........................
Chlorate ............................
Chromate.. .........................
Chloride .............................
.I
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
IPotasrium
Potassium
Potarsium
Potassium
Potarrium Hydroxide
Potassium Hydroxide
Potassium Hydroxide
Cuprocyantde ........................
Dichromate..........................
Ferrocyanlde .........................
Fluoride .............................
(low) .....................
@Mb) .....................
(50%) .....................
1
1
1
1
Uae Chamial Hoses
Use Chamical Hoses
-
(continued)
Synthetic Resins and Polymers 281
TABLE 1.70: VARIOUS THERMOPLASTIC POLYMERS FOR HOSE STOCKS-GATES RUBBER (continued)
HOSE POLYMER TYPES
CHEMICAL 0 I 2 I I I t I u I 0
p-continued I
- ,
1; / z
potassium Sulhde ..............................
p0ta~sw-n Sulfite ............................... : - ,
potassr~rh Throsullate .......................... i - ,
Powerlube (Carter) ..................... ....... : 2 ,
:Prrmatol A. S. P (Agrrc Spray). .................. - -
R
Ramrod (Ag Spray) ............................ - 1 2 -
RandoOrls .................................... - 1 1 2
Rape Seed 011. ................................. - 2 - -
Red 011 (Comm Olerc Acrd). .................... - 1 1 -
1 1 1 1 1
1
_A
1 1 1
1 1 : 1
1 1 1 1
1 i j 1 1 1
,
continued)
282 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
TABLE 1.70: VARIOUS THERMOPLASTIC POLYMERS FOR HOSE STOCKS-GATES RUBBER (continued)
HOSE POLYMER TYPES
CHEMICAL G I z ! Y I t I U I a
S-Continued
Sodmum D,ch,o;ate ............................ -
Sodrum Ferr8cyanrde ......................... - 2
Sodium Ferrocyanide .......................... - 2
Sodrum Fluorrde (70%). ......................... - 2
Sodjum Hydrosulfrde ........................... - -
Sod!um HydroSUlflle............................ - - -
Sodrum Hydroxrde (10%). ...................... Use CheTrcal 1 ES
Sodiwn Hydroxide (40%). ...................... Use Chemical + ES
Sodrum Hydroxrde (50% 115°F). ................ Use Chemrcal + es
Sodrum Hydroxrde (50% 160°F). ................ Use Chemrcal k es
Sodun Hydrorrde (60%) ....................... Use Chemrcaf 1 ES
Sodtun Hypochlonte (5%) ..................... 2 1 X
jodjum HypochlOrlte (20%) ..................... - X
Sodwm HypoSuffate ............................ - - -
SodlurnMetaphosphate ..... ._.................. 1 - -
SodaurnNdrate ................................. 1 1 1
jodrum Perborate .............................. - 1 -
jodrum Peroxrde ............................... 1 - -
Sodrum Phosphates. ........................... 1 1 1
jodrum .jrlrcate ................................. 1 1 1
Soln”s011s ..................................... 1
Solvac1535 G .................................. 1
joybean DIG.................................... 1
jtannrc Chlorrde. .............................. 2
SlannousChlorrde.............................. 1
TABLE 1.70: VARIOUS THERMOPLASTIC POLYMERS FOR HOSE STOCKS-GATES RUBBER (continued)
HOSE POLYMER TYPES
0 I 2 I v I E I U I c
T-Continued - -
Terresstlc ..............................
Telraethyllead (TEL). ...................
TefrahydrOfurNl (THF). .................
-
2
2
1
2 -
X
-
-
I
i Y
Tetralm ................................ - : X -
Th,open................................ - - X - / :
Toluene (Toluol).. ._ . - 1 1 2 I - -i- -
Toluene Dllsocyanate.. . . Use Chemical Hoses
Transformer 011 (Petroleum Type) . . 2 1 I 1 I - 2
Transformer 011 (Askarel Types). _.. _. Use Chemical Hoses
I
Transmission FluId (Type A) _. . _, _, 2 2 - -
i
. . . _. _._. . -
Trlbutoxyethyl Phosphate..
2 I g I r
Trlbutyl Phosphate
Trtchloroethylene.. _. .
Trlcresyl Phosphate (Skydrol)
. .
._ _.
.
. .
_._. ._.
-
-
-
Use Chemical Hoses I
‘Tne:banolamine ITEA) 2
Tnpolyphosphate (STPP) ....................... -
Tung 011 ....................................... -
Turpentme..................................... t
Tycol Avalon 50. 51. 60 ......................... :
Tycol A Turblo 37. 50. 58. 60 .................... 2
Ucon MI ....................................... 2
Ucon Hydrolube Types 15OCP. 2DOCP. 275CP. ... 2
3OOCP. 550CP. 900CP. 150DB. 275DB.
150LT. POOLT. 275LT. 300LT.
2OONM. 300NM
Umon C-2 Flwd ................................ 2
Union C-P 011 .................................. 2
Unton ATF Dexron ............................. 2
Union ATF Type F .............................. 2
Union Hydraulic Oil AW ......................... 2
Umon Hydrauhc Tractor Flwd ................... 2
Urea Solubon ................................. 2
- 2
2 2
2 1
1 -
c C
Vmyl Acetate. .................................. A?(:hemlcal Hcse
Vmyl Chloride (Monomer). ...................... X
Vltrea Oils ...................................... 2
Water .......................................... 1
I
Water (Potable) ................................
Water(Brine) ...................................
Water (Demineralized)
Water
.........................
(Distilled) ................................
1
1
1
ntact Gate
1
I
Water Glycols ................................. 1 1
Water in Oil Emulsions .......................... 1
White 6 Bagley No. 2190 Cutting Oil ............. :
Wood Oil ....................................... 1 1
I
X
xykme (XyW) .. .. .. .. . .. . ... ... . . . ... . ... ... . . X
z
zenc ........................................... 2
IZmcAcetsle...................................
Zinc Chloride Solutions ........................
Zmc Hvdrate ...................................
Zmc Oxide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
:
1
-
CYANACRYL is especially noted for its ability to withstand most lubricating oils at 350°F (176°C). including
those sulfur modified lubricants, essential in the performance of hot running modern cars. Other petroleum based
oils, such as high and low aniline point lubricating aliphatic hydrocarbons offer opportunities for outstanding per-
formance by CYANACRYL. Resistance to chlorinated hydrocarbons, degreasers, LP gases, fuel oils, animal and
vegetable oils and silicate esters is very good. Aromatic hydrocarbons, such as toluol, have some moderate to severe
effects but ketones, some alcohols and oxgenated solvents can cause severe swelling. Nonpetroleum based brake
fluid, phosphate ester, and diester synthetic lubricants can have a severe effect so CYANACRYL should be tested
in these environments before using. CYANACRYL shows “fair” resistance to dilute and concentrated acids and
bases. Therefore, caution or a “test first” method is suggested when considering it for this type of application.
In many applications, AFLAS outperforms other elastomers because of the following characteristics: (1) High tem-
perature resistance (400°F long term; 55O+‘F shorter term); (2) Resistance to a wide range of chemicals (including
acids, bases, steam, sour (H2S) oil and gas with amine corrosion inhibitors, oils and lubricants, hydraulic fluids of
all types, brake fluids, bleaches, oxidizing agents, alcohol, etc.); (3) Durable physical properties; (4) Excellent
electrical resistance-Dielectric constant at 60 Hz of 2.5.
There are three grades of AFLAS. All provide essentially the same heat and chemical resistance but they differ in
molecular weight (which can affect processing and physical properties). AFLAS 150E is the lowest molecularweight,
AFLAS 150P is intermediate weight, and AFLAS IOOH is the highest molecular weight. AFLAS 100H is generally
recommended for optimal extrusion, gas blistering, and compression set resistance.
The following chart provides an indication of the chemical resistance of AFLAS. Since temperature, concentrations,
mixtures, and elastomer compound selection can affect performance, this chart provides guidelines only. Unless
otherwise noted, the tests were run on a 75 Shore A carbon black filled AFLAS 150P formulation with the follow-
ing properties:
Where available, the chart shows the change in hardness (in Shore A points) and volume as well as the percentage of
original tensile strength and elongation retained after immersion in the test fluid under the time and temperature
conditions denoted. In other instances, volume change only is shown.
Adds E
............................................................. Amlnes ................................................. G to E
Animal and VeQetable Oils ......................... E 011s and Lubricants (Incl. synthetics.
Bases ............................................................ E SF CD, etc.) .................................. G to E
Brake Fluids ................................................. E OXidlZlnQAQenlS ................................. G to E
Hydraulic Flulds (lncl. phosphate Sour (H2S) 011 and Gas with
esters, Mil-H-5806, water/Qlycol, etc.) ........ E Conoslon lnhlbltors .................... G to E
BteamrWaterlBrine ...................................... E Benzene, Xylene, etc. .......................... F to G
Radiation ...................................................... E Fuels ..................................................... F to G
WeatherlnQ/Ozone ....................................... E Ketones ........................................................ F
Alcohol ................................................. G to E Chloroform ................................................... P
E. Excellent G. Good F - Falr P - Poor
CHEMICAL T Test
Condition
Property Retention
After Test
CHEMICAL
Test
Condition
rime
Property Retention
After Test
lays
(continued)
286 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
CHEMICAL 1 Test
Condition
Property Retentron
After Test
CHEMICAL
Test
Condition
Property Retention
After Test
FL”,D RESISTANCE OF SILASTIC LS-S3U FLUOROSILICONE RUBBER’ FLUID RESISTANCE OF SILASTIC LS-70 FLUOROSILICONE RUBBER’
ASTM Reference Fuel B 1 day/23 C (73 F) -9 42 -36 +22 ASTM Reference Fuel B 1 day1123 C 173 F, -12 -12 -10 +17
1 we&f23 C (73 F, -9 -37 -36 l22 1 week/23 C (73 F) -12 -13 -10 +17
4 weeks/23 C (73 F, -6 -39 -36 +22 4 weeks/23 C (73 F) -10 -16 -14 lla
ASTM Reference Fuel C _. 1 day123 C (73 F, -10 -43 -36 +25 ASTM Reference Fuel C 1 day/23 C (73 F, -10 -16 -14 117
-11 -36 36 +25 1 week123 C 173 F) -13 -16 -14 -30
1 week/23 C (73 F) I=
4 weeks123 C (73 F, -6 36 -36 l25 4 weeks123 C’(73 i) -15 -20 -19 +20
1 day/&flux -11 -42 -44 +29 1 day/Reflux -10 -29 -33 +27
10% Methanol/SO% No-Lead Gas 1 day123 C (73 F, -12 57 -49 +26 10% Methanol/SO% No-Lead Gas 1 day/23 C (73 F, -19 -42 -33 +22
1 week/23 C (73 F, -13 -57 -36 +25 1 week/23 C (73 FJ -17 -41 -19 +21
10% Ethanol,90% No-Lead Gas.. 1 day123 C (73 F, -11 -IQ -31 +23 1wb Ethanol/SO% No-Lead Gas.. 1 day123 C (73 F, -16 -37 -19 +16
1 week/23 C (73 F, -11 46 -33 +22 1 week/23 C (73 F, -15 -35 -14 +17
ASTM NO 1 Oil _. ._.... 70 hrdl50 C (302 F) 4 0 - 0 Jet Fuel. JP-6 _. _. 1 day123 C (73 F, -5 -4 -0 +3
ASTM No 3 Oil .................... 70 hrs/lSO C (302 F) -6 -30 - +4 1 week123 C (73 F, -4 -2 110 +5
Jet Fuel. JP-l ...................... 70 hrs123 C (73 FI -5 -35 - +12
‘Obtained by add,“9 1 0 phr “arox to SILASTIC LS-70 ‘l~~r~~~l~c~ne rubber Slabs 0 075 mch truck were press cured 10 m,~‘?,, C
Jet Fuel, JP-6 _. _. _. 1 day123 C (;3 F; -7 -9 -3 +6 (340 F, and post cured 4 hrsQc0 C ,392 F) prmr to testmg
1 week123 C (73 F, -7 -7 -5 +7
MIL-H-5606 (PO4226). 70 hrs1135 C (275 F, -7 -13 - +tO
MIL-L-7806F (Brayco 660 G, 70 hrs/150 C (302 F) -14 -33 - +13
DI-P-ethylhexyl sebacate
with 0.5% phenothwlne 46 hrs/l50 C (302 F) -7 -70 - +6
Skydrolt 5OOA.. _, _. _. 70 hrs1121 C (250 F) -26 -90 +2a
ASTM Reference Fuel B _. 1 day/23 C (73 F, -14 -17 -10 +16 1 v&k/23 d (73 k) -15 -29 -19 +t4
1 week123 C (73 F, -13 -21 -13 +20 4 weeks123 C (73 F, -16 -29 -19 +15
4 weeks123 C (73 F, -14 -17 -13 +20 ASTM Reference Fuel C 1 day/23 C (73 F) -16 -33 -20 +17
ASTM Reference Fuel C 1 day/23 C (73 F, -16 -23 -16 +22 1 week/23 C (73 F, -16 -40 -20 +16
1 week/23 C (73 F, -16 -27 -19 +22 4 weeks123 C (73 F, -15 -37 -20 +15
4 weeks123 C (73 F, -13 -20 -16 +22 1 day/Reflux -16 -53 -41 ‘20
1 day/Reflux -14 -23 -33 +27 10% Methanol/W% No-Lead Gas 1 day/23 C (73 F, -23 -63 -37 +26 b
10% Methanol/90% No-Lead Gas 1 day/23 C (73 F) -19 -47 -35 +2.3 1 week/23 C (73 F, -20 -54 -24 ‘20 w
1 week/23 C 173 F, -19 49 -26 +26 10% Ethanol/SO% No-Lead Gas.. 1 day123 C (73 F) -16 -54 -30 +19 a
10% Ethanol/90% ND-Lead Gas.. 1 day/23 C (73 F) -16 -37 -19 +22 1 week123 C (73 F, -17 -45 -20 +14 m
1 week/23 C (73 F) -16 -37 -16 +21 ASTM NO 1 Oil _. _. 70 h&l50 C (302 F) -1 -0 -2 +0
$
ASTM NO. 1 Oil _._. 70 hrs/150 C (302 F) +1 -3 -10 l1 ASTM No 3 011 70 hrs/lbO C (302 F, -62 -26 -22 +3
ASTM NO 3 Oil .,_., ,_. _. 70 hrs/l50 C (302 F) -4 -27 -13 +4 Jet Fuel, JP-4 70 hrs/23 C (73 F, -10 -9 -0 +6 h
Jet Fuel, JP4 _, _. _. _. 70 h&23 C (73 F, -6 -25 -20 +10 Jet Fuel. JP-6 _. 1 day123 C (73 F, -6 -6 -0 +3 s
Jet Fuel. JP-6 _. _. 1 day123 C (73 F) -9 -6 a +4 1 week/23 C (73 F, -9 -6 -7 +4
8
1 week/23 C (73 F, -9 -13 d +5 MIL-H-5= (Unwist J-43) 70 ha1135 C (275 F) -6 -11 -11 ‘9
3
MIL-H-5606 (PO4226). _. 70 h&135 C (275 F, -7 +5 -10 +7 MIL-L-7606 (Turbo 011 NO 15) 70 hrz.1177 C (350 F) -19 -60 -22 +12
MIL-L-7606G (Stauffer Jet 1,. _. 70 hrsIl50 C (302 F, -10 -25 -25 +10 DI-?-ethylhexyl sebacate 3
Skydrolt 500A.. _. _. 70 hrs/70 C (1% F, -15 -22 -7 +16 wth 0.5% phenoth,az,“e 46 hrs/l50 C (302 F) -12 -14 -16 ‘6
*Dbta,ned by .,,.,in~ , 0 p,,, “,,ror (0 SILASTIC LS-SW ,,“orosll,co”e rubber Slabs 0 075 I”& thick IOre press curti 10 ml”/171 C ‘Ob,a,ned by add,“9 1 0 phr “arox to SILASTIC LS-2249” ‘luoros~lwzonerubber Slabs0075 &“ch thuck were presscured 10 ma”/171 C
(340 F) ,nd port cured 4 hn/2OO C (392 F) prior to test!“9 (340 F, and post cured 4 hrsQc0 c (392 F) pnor to test!“9
+Skydrol II a rq,s,ered trademark 01 Monsanto l”d”strlal Chem,cals Compr~ +Unws IS B reg,stered trademark of Humble 011and R&m”9 Company h>
(continued) 2
TABLE 2.3: FLUOROSILICONE RUBBERS-DOW CORNING (continued)
FLUID RESISTANCE OF SILASTIC LS-2311U FLUOROSILICONE RUBBER’ FLUID RESISTANCE OF SILASTIC LS-2332U FLUOROSILICONE RUBBER’
FLUID RESISTANCE OF SILASTIC LS-2323 FLUOROSILICONE BASE FLUID RESISTANCE OF SILASTIC LS-23SOU FLUOROSILICONE RUBBER’
FL”,DRESISTANCE OF SILASTIC Ls-2640 FLUOROSILICONE RUBBER’ RESISTANCE OF SILASTIC *125lJ SILICONE RUBBER TO IMMERSION IN SOLVENTS AND LIQUID FOODS’
Tensde Prop&lest
Durometer, Strength, Ekmgabon, SWdl,
Durorneter TBnSlle
POlfll Percent P6XY?nf PWX?lll
Hardness, Strength. Elongation, Volume.
-Floids
Change Change Change m Immersmn Test Shore A-2, percent percent percent
ASTM Reference Fuel B 1 day’23 C 173 F) -13 -40 -27 +16 Llqwd Condrtions pornts change change change change
, weeW23 C (73 FI -13 -40 -23 + 16
Water 14 days/l00 C (212 F) +3 +a +7 l1
ASTM Relerence Fuel C 1 day/23 C (73 F) -13 -43 -26 +20
Detergent. 3% m water. 14 days/62 C (160 F) t2 +2 -9 -1
1 weeW23 C (73 F) -13 -42 -27 +21
Steari ___....._....,..__.,_.... 3 days/20psi +5 -4 -9 nil
1 day:Reflux -19 -57 -39 +26
coffee 7 dew/62 C il60 FI +3 I-III -2 +2
10% MethanolM% No-Lead Gas 1 day/23 C (73 F) -14 -53 -29 +19
1 week/23 C (73 F) -14 -50 -27 +22
Vegetable 011.. ................. 7 da&l50 C’(302 ;) +2 -24 -35 +1
10% E!hanol90% No-Lead Gas 1 day/23 C (73 F) -13 -42 -21 +16
Lard. ......................... 7 days/150 C (302 F) +2 -29 -41 +1
1 week/23 C (73 F) -12 -36 -17 +17
Whiskey ....................... 14 days/23 C (73 F) -2 +6 +10 +1
ASTM No. 1 oil .................... 70 hrs/l50 C (302 F) +1 -7 - 13 +1
Cola Syrup ..................... 14 days/23 C (73 F) -1 -10 -6 nil
Vinegar ........................ 7 days123 C (73 F) -1 -3
ASTM NO. 3 011 .................. 70 hrs’l50 C (302 F) 0 -27 -22 +3 -2 nil
Jet ...................
Fuel. JP-4 70 hrsi23 C (73 F) -6 -20 -6 +11 ‘~cm-rens ““lcanued wth 10w.Rs
Cadox
TSSO
per1Wharts
rubber
b”wm,h,.
wess molded onto0.075-m’-,h,ck
MIL-H-5606 (PO-4226). ............. 70 hrsil50 C (302 F) -5 -16 -11 +9 ASTM slabs (1 Slmm) tar 5 mmuter/llS C (240 F), and oven cured for 4 houroi200 k (392 F)
ML-L-76M)G (Slaulfer Jet 1). ...... 70 hrsIl5C C (302 F) -13 -64 -62 +6 torlgmal !&WI duromster hardness - 54 pomts. twslle rtrsngti- - 1200 p.¶c,slongatlo” - 580 percant
Skydrol*’ 500A..................... 70 h&i70 C (156 F) -19 -55 -23 +23
290 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
ST polysulfide rubber is a millable gum elastomer prepared from bis (2chloroethyl) formal and
sodium polysulfide. Vulcanizates exhibit outstanding resistance to a broac’ spectrum of oils and
solvents, to gas permeability, low temperature, ozone and weathering. Typical uses include gas
meter diaphragms, rollers, printing blankets, o-rings, and many specialty molded items.
All of the solvent Immersion tests were run with the following recipe:
167
Cure 30 minutes at 310°F
Volume Swell, %
Solvent 1 week 1 month
Xylene 45 58
Iso-octane 6 6
Butyl acetate 46 46
Methyl isobutyl ketone 37 67
Water 21 41
Hardness, Shore A 73 71 72 67 70
Volume Swell, % - 2 1 12 2
(continued)
Rubbers and Elastomers 291
SOLVENT RESISTANCE
(30-Day Immersion at 80°F - ASTM-D471-66, Method B)
la7 Reference Fuel A has the same composition as Type I te?sffluid in Mil-H-3136 119501, i.e., fuel is 100% iso-octane.
fbl Reference Fuel 8 has the same composibon as Type III msf fluid in MY-H-3136 11950). i.e.. fuel is 70% iso-octane, 30% toluene (by volume/.
(continued)
292 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
EFFECTOFHALOGENATEDHYDROCARBONS
VS T M E H VS T M E H
OriginalPhysical Properties - 1100 950 240 70 OriginalPhysical Proparties - 1100 950 240 70
Dichloromethane Trichloroethylene
1 week 285 1180 930 240 72 1 week 153 1210 920 270 69
1 month 260 1200 910 290 71 1 month 156 1290 960 290 70
Dibromomethane Tetrachloroethylene
1 week 328 1110 820 270 84 1 week 34 1180 920 250 68
1 month 307 1100 620 320 63 1 month 32 1085 850 250 68
Diiodomethane 2-Chloropropane
1 week Decomposed 1 week 25 990 820 230 67
1 month Decomposed 1 month 26 1040 1000 230 68
Trichloromethane 1.2.3.Trichloropropane
1 week 318 1160 810 280 68 1 week 306 800 570 300 53
1 month 320 1200 850 280 65 1 month - 840 360 400 54
Tetrachloromethane Chlorobenzene
1 week 54 1020 950 220 64 1 week 159 1200 1000 250 70
1 month 54 1000 740 250 64 1 month 164 1150 950 280 67
1.2.Dichloroethane 1.2.Dichlorobenzene
1 week 235 1100 800 250 67 1 week 159 1100 880 250 67
1 month 240 1140 810 260 65 1 month 166 950 750 250 58
1,1,2-Trichloroethane 1.2.4.Trichlorobenzene
1 week 285 410 - 120 67 1 week 135 300 - 160 48
1 month 295 730 - 200 69 1 month 146 600 - 180 50
1.1.2.2.Tetrachloroethane 1-Chlorobutane
1 week 340 1030 800 260 64 1 week 32 1050 900 250 70
1 month N.A. 1010 750 280 61 1 month 32 1110 1000 235 70
Pentachloroethane
1 week Decomposed
1 month Decomposed
Hardness, Shore A 72 71 69 67 69
STDNLAST is a heavy-duty, two-component synthetic rubber sealant. It adheres tenaciously to just about all build-
ing materials currently in use, and is unaffected by exposure to water or most corrosive gases. STONLAST’s great
flexibility allows the material to expand and contract to compensate for movement, vibration, etc., and it retains
those properties over a wide range of temperatures (-65O to +215’F).
The purpose of this “guide” is to aid in determining the potential value of Stonlast sealant when exposed
to the damaging effects of erosive chemical spillages.
The test procedure used was to totally immerse cured samples of Stonlast in the chemrcals listed for a
period of 30 days at normal room temperature per ASTM 0471.62T. Method B. (This is an exceptionally
severe test, since n-lost areas subject to chemical spillages such as these are “flushed down” periodically
with water as part of the normal maintenance operation )
The resultant resistance of Stonlast to the various chemicals is related using the symbols listed below.
(It is assumed that normal “good housekeeping procedures” are used, includtng a daily flushing down
with clean water.)
RATING CODE
E - Excellent F - Fatr
G - Good NR - Not Recommended
The (number) which appears next to each rattng IS the percent volume swell.
Acids
Bases
(continued)
Rubbers and Elastomers 295
Salt Solutions
Potassium Chloride 100 gpl 65O 30 10 mils/yr loss
(KC11
Oxidizing Environments
Hydrogen Peroxide
(H202) 5% 85O 48 .2% weight gain
Hypotower Simulation
(No over-chlorination) 20-500 147 2 mils/yr
pH- 14+ 10
Hypotower Simulation
(50 over-chlorinations) 2@800 70 7 mi Is/yr
pH- 14+ 5
Sodium Hypochlorite
(NaOCI-6%) 200 42 2 mi Is/yr
pH 13 600 45 7 mi Is/yr
Devcon FLEXANE is a two-component room-temperature curing urethane for forming abrasion resistant linings,
repairing rubber parts or equipment, and forming flexible molds and parts. FLEXANE is available in putty and
liquid form in two durometers. A FLEXANE flexibilizer can be used to produce urethane of any desired durometer.
$g
-D _a?2
ProductNome ,Ps l3Y
Flexone 80 VG VG VG VG VG VG U F F U U U U U U
(Llquld &Puny)
1
Rezone 94 VG VG ’ VG VG VG VG U F u u u u u u
(Llquld & RQ)
Aerone High U / VG VG VG U VG V: F F U U U U U
U
Petiormonce Pully
Flexone Brushable F U U u u u u
VG VG ’ VG VG VG VG U U
Urelhone
1Rexone BIW / VG , VG , VG , U 1 VG 1 VG 1 F 1 F 1 U 1 U 1 U 1 U 1 U 1
I u I u
LIQUATHANE is a high performance elastomeric urethane rubber membrane. Applied as a liquid, LIQUATHANE is
designed to protect concrete and steel from corrosive attack as well as exhibiting excellent resistance when used as a
waterproofing/liquidproofing or between slab membrane.
Test Formulas
CYANACRYLO
-R J-c -NBR g z
CYANACRYL@
-R -!L L NBR
- -EA8 -SI
Valvoline ESP (Blend)
Hardness Change. points +1 -2 0 +10 -2 -16
Tensile Change, X -28 -36 -5 -67 -21 -20
Elongation Change. X -45 -47 -8 -49 -33 -12
Volme Change. x +5 +7 +7 +1 +12 +28
Mobil 1 (LAOO)
Hardness Channe. points -3 -6 -2 +16 -5 -13
Tensile Chang;,~%- -31 -35 -12 -78 -27 -15
Elongation Change, % 40 -41 -11 -86 -36 -4
Volume Change. X +9 +11 +10 +1 +18 +25
Chenlube (DAE)
Eardness Change, points -7 -13 -12 +8 -20 -16
Tensile Chang;. X -6 -30 -22 -77 -39 -25
Elongation Change. X -25 -35 -2 -62 -41 -18
Volume Change. X +13 +20 +19 +6 +42 +28
Chemical Resistance *
GATlNG KEY A-Flurd has kttle or no effect T-No data-kkely to be compatible
B-Flurd has mmor to moderate effect X-No data-not likely to be compahble
C-Flurd has severe effect
chemical VlTW@
Acetaldehyde C
Acetic acid. 20% ;: i C
Acetic acid. 30%
Acetic acrd. glacial t t E
Acebc acid. glacial B (100°F)
Acetic anhydride A 1 ‘;; r
A c c
C
Acetone B
Acetylene 0 : i A A
Alummum chloride solubons 1 A A A
Alummum sulfate solutions A(2:U’F) 1 A&F) A A A
C
Ammoma. anhydrous
Ammonium chlonde soluhons
A
5t
(ZO(PF)
A :
A (15B”F)
L
A
A A
A
Ammomum hydroxrde solutrons
Ammonium sulfate solubons A (200°F) :: A (1WF) A 7 A
Amy1 acetate B A C
Amyl alcohol A (2;VF) A A(t$F) B-C A (2!2’F)
AmIme C AAB X A-B
Anrlme c,toBw, - - - B(lWF)
Annme C (300°F)
ASTM 011 xl A 1;:; A (300°F)
ASTM 011x3 :I:% A (350°F)
ASTM reference fuel A B (‘:PF’ A (15bF) A A
ASTM reference fuel B A (15BF) 8-C A
ASTM reference fuel C Ii C A
ASTM reference fuel C B (l&F,
Asphalt 8 x f A (4pF)
Banum hydroxide solutrons A (200°F) T A
Beer A A A :: A
Benzaldehyde
Benzene : B : : * ,1LF,
Benzoyl chlonde C B
Borax solutions A (ZL, A (2t;F) A
Borrc acrd solutions A (200°F) A ; A
Bromme, anhydrous lrqurd C B (2l;PF)
Butane : : r A
Butyl acetate C B : X C
Butyraldehyde B C C
Butync acrd ;:; r X X T
Calcium brsulfite solubons A (2OODF) A
Calcium chlonde solutions ‘;; : T A
Calcrum hydroxide solubons A (Z&F, T A A
Calcium hypochlonte, 5% A A r
Calcrum hypochlonte. 20% A (2:B’F) - A T B (t:bF)
Carbon btsulfrde
Carbon dioxrde A (2:EPF) : A (4&V, :
Carbon monoxrde A (200°F) T
Carbon tetrachlonde C x A (t:B”F)
Castor 011 A(& 6 -
Chlorme gas, dry X - A (2:TF)
Chlonne gas, wet B”
Chloroacehc acid A : x :
Chlorobenzene X X C A
Chloroform C C A
Chlorosulfonrc acrd ; C
Chromtc acrd, lo-50% A (&F, ; - A
Citrrc acrd solutrons A A A
Copper chloride soluhons A A A
Copper sulfate soluhons A A
Cottonseed 011 A A-B A (3:1pF)
Creosote 011 A (212°F)
Cyclohexane : 7 : A
Drbutyl phthalate A A B
ðyl sebacate : A 8 B
Droctyl phthalate C A
DOWTHERM A B - : A (2:,F)
DOWTHERM A - B (4OBF)
Eprchlorohydnn r x B C (12PF)
Ethyl acetate C B c c C
Ethyl acetate B (&F) X (15kF)
Ethyl alcohol A (25°F) 7 A (l&F) A 7
Ethyl chlonde C C B : A
Ethyl ether ! C C B C
(continued)
300 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
‘Doless otherwise noted, concentration of aqueous solutions ore saturated. All ratings are at room temperature unless speciflod
Exxon butyl rubber and its chlorinated analog, chlorobutyl rubber are isobutylene-isoprene copolymers. They are
basically inert, nonpolar, stable elastomers which exhibit outstanding resistance to attack by a great many differ-
ent chemicals.
VISTALON elastomers are classified generically as either ethylene-propylene copolymers (EPM) or ethylene-propyl-
ene terpolymers (EPDM). All grades of VISTALON EPM have a completely saturated hydrocarbon chain which
makes them highly resistant to attack by chemical agents such as oxygen, ozone, acids, and the like that seek to
react at the site of a double bond.
Exxon elastomers offer good resistance to water, inorganic salt solutions, bases, synthetic hydraulic fluids, ethylene
glycol base antifreeze formulations, and to most inorganic acids. When immersed in organic compounds, Exxon
elastomers show good resistance to attack by acids, amines, and oxygenated compounds-alcohols, aldehydes, esters,
ethers, and ketones. Resistance to detergents and soaps is excellent whether in concentrated form (as purchased)
or in 1% solutions which approximate the concentrations of these materials commonly used in household appli-
cations.
Exxon elastomers display good resistance to attack by animal or vegetable oils. However, they are like other petro-
leum derived synthetic polymers in that their resistance to the attack of hydrocarbons, oils, and other petroleum
based chemicals is low. Only VISTALON 6505 blends with nitrile and polychloroprene rubbers maintain good
physical properties after prolonged exposure to these materials.
(continued)
Rubbers and Elastomers 303
ORGANfC ACIDS
Acetic Acid (10%) +10.9 88.0 73.9 -6 Unchanged
Acetic Acid (Glacial) + 14.7 79.5 67.2 -3 Unchanged
Chloracetic Acid (10%) +9.w 86.7 72.0 -3 Unchanged
Citric Acid (10%) +0.69 97.0 85.7 +2 SI. Tacky
Formic Acid (10%) +12.3 86.0 68.6 -4 Unchanged
tactic Acid (10%) +6.12 90.4 74.5 0 Unchanged
Oleic Acid (100%) +B22 28.3 50.4 -38 Unchanged
ALcoHoLs
Benzyl Alcohol +3.19 106.6 98.0 -9 Unchanged
Ethyl Alcohol +2.04 91.0 82.9 -3 Unchanged
Isopropyl Alcohol +2.44 89.8 91.6 -3 SI. Tacky
Methyl Alcohol +0.63 98.2 91.6 +2 SI. Tacky
Ethylene Glycol +0.36 loo.0 84.9 +2 Unchanged
ALDEHYDES
Benuldehyde +12.3 94.6 102.0 -19 Unchanged
Butyraldehyde +24.9 69.9 90.2 -25 Sf. Tacky
Furfural +4.37 108.4 101.4 -8 SI. Tacky
AYINES
Aniline +7.97 98.2 109.2 -15 Unchanged
Triethanolamine -11.1 100.6 88.8 +2 Tacky
UDMH +13.7 54.2 79.8 -18 Unchanged
ESTERS
Amy1 Acetate +67.2 31.3 46.5 -35 Unchanged
Dibutyl Sebacate +43.7 51.2 78.4 -33 Unchanged
Dioctyi Phthalate +22.5 88.0 83.7 -22 Unchanged
Ethyl Acetate +14.7 60.2 67.3 -17 Unchanged
Tricresyl Phosphate +1.80 112.1 103.3 -6 Unchanged
(continued)
304 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
ETHERS
Dibenryl Ether +20.6 99.4 111.8 -25 Unchanged
Diethylene Glycd Monobutyl Ether +4.89 110.8 104.9 -12 Sl. Tacky
Ethyl Ether +54.8 28.9 30.0 -34 SI. Tacky
Ethylene Glycol Monoethyl Ether +5.01 W.0 89.6 -12 Unchanged
HYDRDCARBONS
BelueM +125.6 19.9 24.1 -37 SI. Tacky
Cyclohexane +243.5 18.1 17.7 -37 Sf. Tacky
Ethylbenzene +190.2 15.7 26.1 -43 Unchanged
HALDGENATED HYDROCARBONS
8enzyl Chloride Disintegrated
Bromobenzene Disintegrated
Carbon Tetrachloride +225.8 18.1 20.2 -38 Unchanged
Chloroform +85.2 21.1 21.6 -32 St. Tacky
Ethylene Dichloride -I-37.9 39.8 45.7 -24 SI. Tacky
Perchlorathvlene +194.3 12.7 17.1 -46 Tacky
OTHER SUBSTITUTED
HYDROCARBONS
Carbon Disulfide + 144.9 21.7 21.0 -30 SI. Tacky
Nitrobanzene +11.9 101.2 106.9 -20 Unchanged
KETONES
Acetone +7.92 85.5 88.8 -11 SI. Tacky
Methyl Ethyl Ketone +15.7 48.8 53.5 -18 Unchanged
Methyl lsobutyl Ketone +61.4 35.5 49.0 -32 SI. Tacky
DETERGENTS&OTHER
CLEANING PRODUCTS
Calgonite (1%) +1.76 102.4 92.2 +1 Unchanged
Clorox (1%) +1.13 103.0 88.8 +1 Unchanged
Clorox (Cont.) +1.20 103.0 88.2 Cl1 Unchanged
Joy (1%) +2.08 102.4 91.6 +1 Unchanged
Joy (Cont.) -0.13 100.0 90.2 +1 Unchanged
OILS 6 FUELS
A.S.T.M. No. 1 Oil +64.3 38.0 56.3 -34 SI. Tacky
A.S.T.M. No. 2 Oil +88.2 33.1 59.4 -36 SI. Tacky
A.S.T.M. No. 3 Oil + 173.4 16.3 40.6 -46 Unchanged
A.S.T.M. Fuel A + 159.0 18.1 25.5 -40 Unchanged
A.S.T.M. Fuel B +199.5 13.3 22.9 -45 SI. Tacky
A.S.T.M. Fuel C +232.7 13.3 21.0 -47 SI. Tacky
Heating Fuel Oil +224.1 13.3 22.9 -45 Unchanged
Jet Aircraft Engine Oil +92.3
Kerosine t262.0 13.3 22.2 -47 Unchanged
(continued)
Rubbers and Elastomers 305
lNORGANlC AClDS
Boric Acid (10%) -0.11 103.0 98.6 -l-3 ‘3. Tacky
Chlorosulfonic Acid (10%) Disintegrated
Chromic Acid (10%) +0.93 99.4 100.6 +3 SI. Tacky
Chromic Acid (Cont.) +43.7 10.2 86.9 -34 Tacky
INORGANICBASES
Ammonium Hydroxide (10%) +0.69 103.6 102.0 +2 Unchanged
Ammonium Hydroxide (Cont.) -l-o.75 103.6 102.0 -3 Unchanged
8arium Hydroxide (Cow) +0.13 99.4 96.7 +3 Unchanged
Calcium hydroxide (10%) +0.35 101.2 102.0 +3 Unchanged
(continued)
306 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
ORGANIC ACIDS
AcetIc Acid (10%) +1.88 105.4 105.3 +3 SI Tacky
Acetic Acid (Glacial) +3.90 97.6 102.5 -2 St. Tacky
Chloracetic Acid (10%) +1.24 105.4 105.9 +3 St. Tacky
Citric Acid (10%) -1.28 97.0 97.5 +4 St. Tacky
Fornw Acid (10%) +0.38 96.4 94.7 f3 SI. Tacky
Lactic Acid (10%) 0.00 98.2 95.5 +4 SI. Tacky
Oleic Acid (100%) +43.7 69.3 81.0 -16 Unchanged
ALCOHOLS
Benryl Alcohol +0.36 103.0 100.6 -1 Tacky
Ethyl Alcohol +0.39 94.6 99.4 -8 SI. Tacky
Isopropyl Alcohol G.00 94.6 98.0 fl SI. Tacky
Methyl Alcohol +0.25 100.0 102.6 -1 SI. Tacky
Ethylane Glycol 0.00 85.5 85.7 +3 SI. Tacky
Glycerdl -1.04 98.8 99.4 +3 Tacky
1 .Hesarul +3.39 101.2 io3.3 -3 SJ. Tacky
ResorcinU +0.32 100.0 98.0 +3 SI. Tacky
ALMHYMS
Renraldchyde +10.4 102.4 106.9 -15 SI. Tacky
Butyraldehyde +21.6 66.3 81.4 -20 SI. Tacky
Furfuraf +0.11 106.6 106.5 -5 Tacky
AYINES
Aniline +5.07 110.8 108.4 -6 SI. Tacky
Triethandamine +0.13 101.2 100.0 +4 SI. Tacky
UDMH +10.5 59.0 82.4 -13 Unchanged
ESTERS
Amy1 Acetate +46.4 39.2 45.1 -23 Unchanged
Dlbutyl Sebacate +22.8 80.1 96.1 -17 SI. Tacky
Oioctyl Phthalate +1.85 101.2 103.9 -1 St. Tacky
Ethyl Acetate -l-24.2 95.3 86.9 -13 Tacky
Tr~~resyl Phosphate -0.13 101.2 103.9 f2 Tacky
ETHERS
O~benryl Ether +12.1 loo.6 106.5 -16 Unchanged
Diethytene Glycd Monobutyt Ether +1.32 102.4 107.8 -2 Tacky
Ethyl Ether -t-58.7 30.7 65.5 -24 Tacky
Ethylene Glycol Monoethyl Ether +1.29 103.0 105.3 -2 Tacky
(continued)
Rubbers and Elastomers 307
HYDROCARBONS
Btnztnt +71.4 26.5 27.5 -27 Unchanged
Cyclohtxant +206.3 22.9 18.2 -28 Sl. Tacky
Ethylbenzene +167.4 24.7 23.5 -31 SI. Tacky
Htptant +136.6 22.9 21.0 -27 SI Tacky
Hcxane +160.8 23.5 21.0 -27 SI. Tacky
Naphthaltnt +75.5 92.8 82.9 -13 Sl. Tacky
Tolutnt +123.6 23.5 22.9 -29 Tacky
Xyltnt +182.0 22.3 20.2 -30 SI. Tacky
HALOGENATEO HYDROCARBONS
Btnryl Chloride +12.8 57.2 77.5 -20 Tacky
Bromobenzene +123.1 24.9 26.1 -31 SI. Tacky
Carbon Tetrachloride +192.0 22.9 18.2 -29 Unchanged
Chloroform +158.1 21.7 19.7 -30 SI. Tacky
Ethylene Oachlorlde +25.6 50.0 62.8 -18 SI. Tacky
Per;hloroe!hylt”t +207.3 19.9 15.7 -32 SI. Tacky
OTHER SUBSTITUTED
HYDROCARBONS
Carbon Dlsulflde +123.5 23.5 21.0 -28 SI. Tacky
Nltrobenzene +7.64 105.4 105.3 -13 SI. Tacky
KETONES
Acetone +6.07 88.0 93.5 -10 SI. Tacky
Mcthvl . _
EIhvl Ketone +10.2 82.5 87.7 -13 SI. Tacky
Methyl lsobutyl Ketone +23.3 67.8 74.5 -18 SI. Tack;
DETERGENTS &OTHER
CLUNING PRODUCTS
Calgon1te (1%) -0.38 101.1 102.5 +3 Unchanged
C1orox (1%) +0.64 104.2 103.9 +3 Tacky
Clorox (Cont.) +2.09 102.4 101.0 +2 Tacky
Joy (1%) +0.13 98.8 98.6 +3 Tacky
JOY (Cone ) -11.1 101.8 99.4 +4 Tacky
LestoIl (1 a) +1.55 131.8 104.5 +2 St.
Lux Flakes (1%) +0.35 137.2 106.5 +3 Unchanged
Rlnst Dry (1%) +0.36 100.0 97.5 +3 Tacky
Rinse Dry (Cont.) 0.00 95.8 93.5 +3
Tide (1%) +0.26 100.0 101.4 +2 Tacky
NATURAL FATS L OILS
Buntr +2.12 97.0 102.6 -3 Unchanged
Castor 011 -0.39 98.2 98.0 -I-4 Tacky
Cononsetd 011 -I-2.49 99.4 102.6 +1 SI. Tacky
Lard +3.77 95.2 103.3 -3 Unchanged
Oltomargarint +2.51 104.2 105.9 -3 Unchanged
Olwt 011 +2.38 101.2 106.5 -1 SI. Tacky
Whltt Mmtral 011 +13.1 54.2 58.8 -13 Unchanged
OILS FUELS
A.S.T.M. 1 011 +9.10 83.1 88.8 -5 SI. Tacky
No. 2 +9.88 81.9 84.3 -6 SI. Tacky
A.S.T.M. No. 011 +39.4 47.0 44.5 -19 Unchanged
A T.M. Fuel +84.2 27.1 23.5 -27 Unchanged
A.S.T.M Fuel + 143.8 22.3 20.2 -31 Unchangtd
A.S.T.M. Fuel +155.6 21.7 19.0 -31 Unchanged
Heating Fuel +59.6 25.3 23.0 -31 Unchangtd
Jet Aircraft Oil + 17.2 86.1 100.6 -13 SI. Tacky
Ktrosmt +163.0 25.9 21.6 -32 Unchanged
AUTOMOTIVE PRODUCTS
Chassis Grease +13.3 75.9 77.8 -7 Sl. Tacky
Motor 011 ( 1OW 30) +21.8 50.6 51.0 -18 Unchanged
Gasohne’ (RON 94) +137.9 23.5 19.6 -31 Unchanged
Gasoltnt’ (RON 99) +145.7 21.1 19.6 -31 Unchanged
Gasollnt’ (RON 102) +15B.4 22.3 21.0 -31 Unchangtd
Gasolvw.” unleaded +181.6 23.5 20.2 -31 Unchanged
(continued)
308 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
HYDRAULIC FLUIDS
Oron1tc
8200 +2.81 101.8 loo.0 -1 Unchanged
Pydraul F.9 +3.97 103.0 103.3 -1 SI. Tacky
Pydraul 60 -3.04 105.4 104.5 +2 SI. Tacky
Skydrol +1.01 112.1 111.2 -2 St. Tacky
Skydrol 500 +0.54 107.2 108.4 -2 Sf. Tacky
MISCELLANEOUS
Gelatin (sat. sol’n.) +1.24 99.4 96.7 +3 SI. Tacky
Glucose (sat. sol’n.) +0.23 96.4 96.1 +2 SI. Tacky
Tincture of Iodine +6.44 93.4 85.7 +1 SI. Tacky
Prestonc antifreeze +o.!X 98.8 100.0 +3 SI. Tacky
Dowgard antifreeze +0.73 98.2 97.5 +4 Unchanged
ORGANIC ACIDS
AcetIc Acid (10%) +2.58 99.4 102.6 0 SI. Tacky
AcetIc Acld (Glacial) +8.20 89.2 101.0 -9 SI. Tacky
Chloracetlc Acid (10%) +3.34 107.8 99.4 +2 SI. Tacky
Citric Acid (10%) 0.00 98.8 100.0 +3 SI. Tacky
Formic Acid (10%) +I.76 103.0 loo.0 +3 SI Tacky
Lactic Acld (10%) +0.68 100.0 98.0 +3 SI. Tacky
Ole~c Actid (100%) +90.3 48.8 59.4 -26 Unchanged
ALCOHOLS
Benryl Alcohol -0.96 100.0 98.6 -4 SI. Tacky
Ethyl Alcohol 0.00 97.6 100.6 -1 SI. Tacky
Isopropyl Alcohol +0.36 97.6 100.0 -1 St. Tacky
Methyl Alcohol -0.36 92.7 90.8 0 Sl. Tacky
Ethylene Glycol -0.37 92.8 94.1 +3 St. Tacky
AMINES
Aniline +11.8 95.2 101.9 -13 Sl. Tacky
Trlethanolamine +0.57 101.2 99.4 +3 Unchanged
UDMH +7.90 57.2 74.5 -12 UnChanRed
ESTERS
Amy1 Acetate -l-47.2 40.4 47.7 -22 Unchanged
Dlbutyl Sebacate +23.5 89.8 103.3 -17 Unchanged
Dwtyl Phthalate +5.36 106.0 107.8 -3 SI. Tacky
Ethyl Acetate +10.9 78.9 88.2 -12 St. Tacky
Tricresyl Phosphate +0.75 102.4 103.3 +3 Sl. Tacky
ETHERS
Dibenzyl Ether +11.6 103.0 107.8 -13 Unchanged
Ditthyltne Glycd Monobutyl Ether +2.56 107.8 113.1 -7 St. Tacky
Ethvl Ether +57.4 30.1 32.8 -25 Unchanged
Ethilent Glycol Monoethyl Ether +2.05 97.0 98.0 -5 s1. Tacky
HYDROCARBONS
Benztne +101.9 25.9 25.5 -28 Unchanged
Cvclohtxant +230.2 21.7 17.7 -28 Unchanged
Ethylbenzene +176.0 19.3 20.2 -31 g. Tacky
(continued)
310 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
HALDGENATED HYDROCARBONS
Benzyl Chloride +25.1 57.8 79.8 -20 SI. Tacky
Bromobcnrtnt +114.4 24.7 25.5 -32 SI. Tacky
Carbon Tttrachloridt +199.5 20.5 17.7 -31 Unchanged
Chloroform +137.7 la7 20.2 -30 SI: Tacky
Ethylene Dwzhloridt +25.2 48.8 60.2 -18 SI. Tacky
Ptrchlorotthyltnt +212.4 la7 15.7 -30 SI. Tacky
OTHER SUBSTITUTED
HYDROCARBONS
Carbon Dmlfedt +183.4 19.3 20.2 -30 SI. Tacky
Nmobtnztnt -l-4.77 86.1 98.6 -12 SI. Tacky
KETONES
Acetone +6.14 89.2 97.5 -9 SI. Tacky
Methyl Ethyl Ketone +19.7 86.8 94.1 -12 Unchanged
Methyl lsobutyl Ketone +22.2 56.0 70.0 -17 SI. Tacky
DETERGENTSaOTHER
CLEANING PRODUCTS
Calgonltt (1%) +0.50 98.8 103.3 +3 Unchanged
Clorox (1%) +1.28 101.2 103.9 +2 SI. Tacky
Cloror (COOC.) +1.48 106.0 103.9 -1 Tacky
JOY (1%) +0.63 96.7 98.0 +3 SI. Tacky
Joy (Cone ) -11.32 98.8 102.6 fl Tacky
AUTOMOTIVE PRODUCTS
Chassis Grease +19.8 54.4 59.4 -13 SI. Tacky
Motor 011 (low 30) +93.0 37.8 39.2 -37 Unchanged
Gasohnt’ (RON 94) +189.0 21.7 20.2 -31 Sl. Tacky
Gasoline’ (RON 99) + 182.4 21.1 22.2 -31 SI. Tacky
Gasolmt’ (RON 102) +189.6 19.9 21.0 -32 SI. Tacky
Gasoline.‘* unltsdtd + 196.9 20.5 20.2 -32 Sl. Tacks
HYDRAULIC FLUIDS
Oronttt 8200 +4.56 97.0 99.4 -2 Unchanged
Pydraul F-9 +6.08 107.8 112.3 -4 SI. Tacky
Pydraul 60 +1.39 106.0 105.9 -3 SI. Tacky
Skydrol +4.32 1102 105.3 -3 SI. Tacky
Skvdrol 500 +1.67 112.0 109.8 -3 Si. Tackv
(continued)
Rubbers and Elastomers 311
MISCELLANEOUS
GJlJtln (SJt Sol’n.) 0.00 101.2 104.9 +3 Si. TJCky
Glucose (sat sol’n.) +0.23 100.0 95.5 +3 Sf. TJCb
Tincture of Iodine +12.5 78.9 66.1 -2 Unchanged
Prestone antifreeze +1.44 101.2 loo.0 -1 St. TJcky
DOwgIrd JntifrJJZJ +1.33 97.6 95.5 +3 UnChJngJd
ORGANIC ACIDS
Acetic Acid (10%) +4.58 104.2 101.4 +1 Sl. Tacky
Acetic Acid (Glacial) +a.44 07.4 96.1 -9 Sl. Tacky
Chloracetic Acid (10%) +4.00 114.5 103.9 +2 Sl. Tacky
Citric Acid (10%) +0.38 98.2 92.2 +5 SI. Tacky
Formic Acid (10%) +3.14 103.0 101.4 +3 SL Tacky
Lactic Acid (10%) +0.68 101.8 99.4 +3 Sl. Tacky
Oleic Acid (100%) +93.9 43.4 57.5 -26 Unchanged
ALCOHOLS
Bcnzyl Alcohol +3.70 104.8 103.9 -6 SI. Tacky
Ethyl Alcohol +0.51 89.8 96.7 -2 St. Tacky
Isopropyl Alcohol +1.23 89.2 90.8 -6 SI. Tacky
Methyl Alcohol +1.19 97.0 loo.0 -1 SI. Tacky
Ethylene Glycd -0.24 92.8 90.2 +4 Sl. Tacky
Glycerol 0.00 95.8 89.6 +3 Unchanged
l-Hexand +6.92 91.6 102.0 -10 Tacky
Rcsorcinol +2.46 97.0 93.5 +2 St. Tacky
ALOEHYDES
Bsnzaldehyde +7.10 86.1 94.1 -13 SI. Tacky
Butyraldehyde +21.6 99.4 103.9 -18 Unchanged
Fur(ural +2.83 108.4 106.5 -8 TsClcy
AMINES
Aniline +10.6 98.8 103.9 -14 Sl. Tacky
Triethanolamine +2.38 97.0 88.2 +3 St. Tacky
UOMH +4.89 51.2 66.7 -9 Sl. Tacky
ESTERS
Amy1 Acetate +45.6 42.2 51.6 -23 Unchanged
Dibutyl Ssbacate +21.6 93.4 lD4.5 -18 Unchanged
Dioctyl Phthalate +6.14 109.6 117.6 -7 Si. Tacky
Ethyl Acetate +11.8 81.3 90.8 -12 Unchanged
Tricresyl Phosphatr +0.87 105.4 104.5 +2 Tacky
EIHERS
Olbenzyl Ether +9.92 108.4 101.1 -13 Unchanged
Diethylena Glycoi Monobutyl Ether +3.71 102.4 105.3 -9 Unchanged
Ethyl Ether +52.6 29.5 33.9 -35 Unchanged
Ethylene Glycol Monoethyl Ether -l-3.33 101.2 101.4 -7 9. Tacky
HYDROCARBONS
8eruene +112.2 27.1 29.4 -30 Unchanged
Cyclohexane +205.9 22.3 17.7 -31 St. Tacky
Ethylbenzene +140.0 20.4 21.6 -31 Unchanged
Heptane +141.2 25.3 22.9 -28 Sl. TIJly
Hexarm +129.3 21.7 21.0 -28 Tacky
Naphthalene +41.8 81.3 77.1 +2 SI. Tacky
Tduene +139.5 21.7 22.2 -32 Tacky
XylWN +1642 21.7 21.0 -31 Sl. Tacky
HALOGENATEO WYOROCAR8ONS
Eenzyl Chloride +27.3 57.3 78.4 -21 Tacky
Bromobeozene +115.6 24.7 26.1 -32 SJ. Tacky
Carbon Tetrachloride +213.3 21.7 19.0 -31 Unchanged
Chloroform +170.1 19.9 21.0 -32 Sk Tacky
Ethylene Dxhloride +26.7 56.0 70.6 -18 SI. Tacky
Perchloroethylene +220.0 19.9 18.2 -33 Unchanged
(continued)
Rubbers and Elastomers 313
OTHfR SU8STITUTEo
HYORDCARBONS
Carbon Dlsulflde +118.D 21.7 20.2 -30 St. TJCky
Nllrobenzcne +4.59 103.0 104.5 -9 Tacky
KETONES
Acctonc +5.29 84.3 89.6 -8 Unchanged
Methyl Ethyl Ketone +9.22 82.5 86.9 -11 St. Tacky
Methit lsobutyl Ketone +22.4 59.6 74.5 -16 SI. Tacky
DETERGENTS&OTHER
CLUNING PRODUCTS
Calgonlte (1%) i-O.88 106.6 105.9 +5 SI. Tacky
Cloror (1%) +2.43 107.2 100.6 +3 SI. Tacky
Cloror (Cow) +1.85 108.4 105.3 +2 Sl. Tacky
JO” 11%) +1.79 104.2 104.5 t3 SI. Tacky
Joy (Cone ) -11.3 98.8 98.0 +3 Sl. Tack;
OILS L FUELS
A.S.T.M No. 1 Oil t30.8 56.0 67.3 -16 Unchanged
A S T.M No. 2 011 +34.6 54.2 63.3 -17 Unchanged
A S T.M No. 3 011 t 146.5 30.1 28.8 -30 Unchanged
ASTM FuelA t-161.5 23.5 23.5 -28 Unchanged
A.5 T.M. Fuel 8 t189.7 20.5 21.6 -33 SI. Tacky
A.S T.M Fuel C t200.9 19.9 21.6 -32 SI. Tacky
Heating Fuel 011 t 195.0 20.5 21.0 -32 Unchanged
Jet Atfcr~fi Engcne 011 t41.7 60.8 84.3 -21 Unchanged
Kcros~ne t211.2 22.3 21.6 -32 Unchanged
AUTOMDTIVC PRODUCTS
Chassrs Grease t38.0 50.0 52.0 -21 SI. Tacky
Motor 011 (lOW.30) t118.4 31.9 32.8 -31 Unchanged
GJSOIWW (RON 94) +192.5 19.9 21.6 -32 SI. Tacky
GJSO~IIW’ (RON 99) +1?6.9 18.7 21.6 -33 SI. Tacky
GJSO~IW’ (RON 102) +192.0 16.9 20.2 -33 SI. Tacky
GJsohne:* unleaded +201.9 21.1 21.0 -32 SI. Tacky
HYDRAULIC FLUIDS
Orontite 8200 +11.6 99.4 104.5 -7 Unchanged
edrJul F.9 +7.89 112.7 115.1 -7 SI. Tacky
Fydraul 60 t2.01 101.2 103.3 -3 SI. Tacky
Skydrol +4.98 106.0 108.4 -8 SI. Tacky
Skvdrol 500 +3.24 103.6 105.9 -6 SI. Tacky
MISCELIANEOUS
Gelatin (sat. sol’n.) +1.86 98.8 96.1 +2 St. TJC@
Glucose (sat. sol’n.) +0.23 98.8 94.1 +3 Tacky
Tincture of Iodine +16.2 53.6 40.6 -5 Unchanged
Prestone Jntitreeze +I.67 99.4 100.0 0 Unchanged
Dowgard Jntifreeze to.39 94.8 92.8 t3 Unchanged
(continued)
314 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
INORGANIC ACIDS
Boric Acid (10%) -1.95 98.8 106.5 +3 Tacky
Chlorosulfonic Acid (10%) Disintegrated
Chromic Acid (10%) +20.2 56.6 77.8 -10 Tacky
Chromic Acid (Cont.) f49.6 5.42 12.3 -21 V. Tacky
Hydrochloric Acid (10%) +0.37 104.8 102.0 +2 Tacky
Hydrochloric Acid (Cont.) +11.2 56.0 88.8 -11 SI. Tacky
Hydrofluoric Acid (Cont.) +2.18 90.4 67.2 0 SI. Tacky
Nitric Acld (10%) +1.6f 101.2 101.4 0 V. Tackv
Nitric Acid (Co&) Disintegrated
Phosphoric Acid (Cont.) +0.11 98.8 101.4 +3 Tacky
Sulfuric Acid (10%) -0.12 95.2 95.5 +4 Tacky
Sulfuric Acid (Cont.) Disintegrated
INORGANIC BASES
Ammomum Hydroxbdc (10%) -l-5.88 106.0 96.1 -1 Unchanged
Ammomum Hydroxide (Cope.) +7.39 101.2 89.6 -3 SI. Tacky
Barwm Hydroxide (Cont.) +1.02 100.6 99.4 i-3 Unchanged
Calcium Hydroxide (10%) +1.05 96.4 98.6 f3 Unchanned
Potassium Hydroxide (10%) +0.23 100.0 96.1 +3 Unchanged
Sodium Hydroxide (10%) +0.93 104.8 99.4 +1 Unchanged
Sodium Hydroxide (Cont.) +1.77 104.8 101.4 -4 Unchanged
INDRCANIC SALTS (25% Solutions)
Alummum Chloride +0.34 98.2 97.5 +2 St. Tacky
Aluminum Sulfate +1.34 103.6 105.3 +3 Unchanged
Ammomum Chloride +0.12 95.2 99.4 +3 SI. Tacky
Ammonium N&rate +0.13 98.2 99.4 +3 SI. Tacky
Ammomum Phosphate +1.03 101.8 103.9 +3 Sl. Tacky
ORGANIC ACIDS
Acetic Acid (10%) +5.63 103.0 103.9 -1 SI. Tacky
Acetlc Acid (Glacial) +10.7 88.6 92.2 -9 SI Tacky
Chloracetlc Acid (10%) +5.45 133.1 99.0 -1 Sl. Tacky
Citric Acid (10%) +0.38 98.8 101.4 +3 SI. Tacky
Fonmc Acid (10%) +4.15 107.2 105.9 +2 Sf. Tacky
Lactic Acid (10%) +0.45 98.8 100.0 +2 Sl. Tacky
Olelc Acid (100%) +95.7 45.8 59.4 -27 Unchanged
(continued)
Rubbers and Elastomers 315
ALCOHOLS
&nzyl Alcohol +2.79 104.8 103.9 -8 SJ. Tacky
Ethyl Alcohol +0.89 94.0 96.1 -2 Si. Tacky
lsoprowl Alcohol +1.53 92.2 96.1 -2 SI. Tacky
Methyl Alcohol +1.64 97.6 96.1 -2 SI. Tacky
Ethylene Glycol -0.36 94.6 92.2 f4 SI. Taccky
Glyctrd +1.26 95.2 89.6 +2 Unchanged
1 -Htranol +6.60 84.3 96.7 -11 Sl. Tacky
Rtsorclool +12.0 108.4 99.4 +1 SI Tacky
ALDLHYDES
Benzaldthyde +7.28 92.2 98.6 -13 SI. Tacky
Butyraldchydt +17.4 91.6 102.6 -18 Unchanged
Furfural +5.34 103.6 103.3 -9 Tacky
AMINES
Antlmt -l-7.33 98.8 103.9 -13 Unchanged
Trwthanolammt -l-o.77 94.0 90.2 +3 SI. Tacky
UDMH +7.00 58.4 77.8 -9 Unchanged
ESTERS
Amy1 Acetate +45.7 39.8 48.4 -24 Unchanged
Dlbutyl Sabacate +19.3 85.5 103.3 -17 Unchanged
01octyl Phthalatt +9.13 104.8 109.2 -12 SI. Tacky
Ethyl Acetate +8.75 78.3 88.2 -12 Unchanged
Tricrtsyl Phosphate +0.49 101.8 102.6 +2 Tacky
nlims
D~btnryl Ether +9.56 106.6 103.9 -13 Unchanged
D+tthyltnt Glycol Monobutyl Ether +3.85 96.4 106.5 -10 Unchanged
Ethyl Ether +60.2 31.3 35.3 -27 Unchanged
Ethylene Glycol Monoethyl Ether +4.35 101.2 103.9 -7 SI. Tacky
HYDRDCARBDNS
8tnzent +84.0 20.5 26.9 -30 Unchanged
Cyclohcxant +218.5 16.3 17.1 -32 Sl Tacky
Ethvlbtnztnt -f-142.9 21.7 24.9 -32 Unchanced
HALDGENATED HYDROCARBONS
Btnryl Chlonde +26.1 56.0 79.8 -21 T=ky
Bromobenrcne +118.0 22.9 26.1 -32 St. Tacky
Carbon Tttrachloridt +207.1 19.9 19.6 -32 Unchanged
Chloroform +169.5 19.3 22.2 -33 !X Tacky
Ethylene D&chloride +25.8 52.4 62.7 -18 SI. Tacky
Pcrchlorotthvltne +200.5 16.3 18.2 -33 Unchanged
OTHER SUBSTITUTED
HYDRDCAR8ONS
Carbon Disulfidt +87.0 16.9 21.0 -31 Sl. Tacky
Nltrobtnrene +3.36 94.6 101.4 -11 TabV
KETONES
Acetone +6.07 86.7 90.8 -8 SI. Tacky
Methyl Ethyl Ketone +8.60 83.1 88.8 -11 Sl. Tacky
Methyl lsobutvl Ketone +22.0 56.6 75.1 -17 SI. Tacky
(continued)
316 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
DETERGENTSLDTHER
CLEANING PRODUCTS
Calgonltc (1%) +0.63 102.4 103.9 +3 SI. Tacky
Clorox (1%) +2.30 106.0 103.9 +2 Unchanged
Clorox (COrlC.) +1.85 109.6 107.8 +1 Unchanged
Joy (1%) +1.41 98.2 105.3 +2 Sl. Tacky
Joy (Cone ) -10.6 97.0 98.0 +3 SI. Tacky
AUTOMOTIVE PRODUCTS
Chassis Grease +53.6 38.6 43.1 -26 Unchanged
Motor 011 (lOW.30) + 149.8 32.5 38.6 -33 Unchanged
Gasolmc (RON 94) +16D.9 17.5 21.0 -34 SI. Tacky
Gasolmc’ (RON 99) +183.4 18.7 21.6 -31 Sl. Tacky
Gasol~nc* (RON 102) -l-203.7 17.5 21.0 -36 SI. Tacky
Gasoline.” unleaded +151.7 18.1 19.6 -33 Sl. Taskv
HYDRAULIC FLUIDS
Oronite 8200 +13.7 101.8 104.5 -9 Unchanged
Pydraul F.9 +11.2 103.0 110.4 -10 Tacky
Pydraul 60 +6.70 104.8 106.5 -6 Tacky
Skydrol +7.30 106.6 110.4 -7 SI. Tacky
Skydrol 500 +3.37 110.2 110.4 -10 SI. Tackv
MISCELLANEOUS
Gelatin (sat. sol’n.) 0.00 95.8 96.1 +2 Si. Tack-y
Glucose (sat. sol’n.) +1.99 98.8 94.7 0 T=ky
Tincture of Iodine +19.4 53.0 41.2 -5 Unchanged
Preston8 antifreeze +1.47 96.4 99.4 -1 St. Tacky
Dowgard antifreeze -0.79 94.0 97.5 +3 Unchanged
lConvcntmnel motor fuels contaming tetraethyl lead eddihve. Approximab Research Octane Numbers Ind,ceted.
**Motor fuel of “premium” grade containing no tatmethyl lead.
(continued)
Rubbers and Elastomers 317
(continued)
Rubbws and Elastomers 319
(continued)
320 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
(continued)
Rubbers and Elastomers 321
I
I de ( I ?P,
) +0.43 112.3 107.1 .‘6 Sl Tacky
Toluene +182.9 34.0 28.9 -31 Unchanged
UDMH +7.68 93.7 99.3 -4 Unchanged
(continued)
322 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
(continued)
Rubbers and Elastomers 323
72 HOWSimmersion at 212OF
(continued)
324 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
(continued)
Rubbers and Elastomers 325
(continued)
326 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
(continued)
328 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
(continued)
Rubbers and Elastomers 329
-
One Month Immersion at 75O * 5OF
(continued)
330 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
(continued)
Rubbers and Elastomers 331
(continued)
332 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
(continued)
334 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
(continued)
336 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
(continued)
Rubbers and Elastomers 339
72 Hours Immersion
at 212°F
Volume Tensile Strength Elongation Hardness Surface
Change % Retained % Retained % Change Pts. Condition
(continued)
Rubbers and Elastomers 341
(continued)
Rubbers and Elastomers
(continued)
Rubbers and Elastomers 345
(continued)
Rubbers and Elastomers 347
72 HoursImmersion at 212°F
Volume Tensile Strength Elongation Hardness Surface
Change K Retained K Retained X Change Pts. Condition
(continued)
Rubbers and Elastomers 349
(continued)
Rubbers and Elastomers 351
(continued)
Rubbers and Elastomers 353
.
Sodium Chloride (25%) +0.8 108.C 83.3 +2 Unchanged
Sodium Hydroxide (10%) +0.6 95.0 79.3 -1 Unchanged
Tide (1%) +3.6 91.5 83.3 -1 Unchanged
(continued)
356 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
(continued)
Rubbers and Elastomers 357
” u ” A B ” B ” B n
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(continued)
Rubbers and Elastomers 359
i ICI iI iI I 6 I ; I 6 I ” I i I c a__
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(continued)
360 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
LEGEND / / / / / / / / / / / / / /
362 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
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Rubbers and Elastomers 363
LEGEND
(continued)
364 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
LEGEND
ikelly. sol”ent B. c. E
ik”drol500
:Lydrol7000
hap Sof”wm*
$cow Mobtk Type A UI ulul VI Al 181 UI l u l B 1 A
km”” Vacuum
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tinued)
Rubbers and Elastomers 365
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(continued)
366 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
LININGS.
A - Abrasron Resistant Natural D - Hard Natural G - Chloro-Butyl
B - Soft Natural E - Neoprene H - Ethylene Propylene
C - Semi-Hard Natural F - Polyvinyl Chloride (Koroseal) NR - Not Recommended
INORGANIC ACIDS OF
Arsenic Any 175 DB
Battery Acid (Sulphuric) High Bake Phenolic
Carbonic To Saturation 175 DB
Chlorine Water To Saturation 125 D-H
Cupric Acid (Copper Sulrate) 140 F
Fluoboric Any 175 DB
Fluosilicic Any 175 DBE
Hydrobromic Any 175 DB
Hydrochloric Any 186 DB
Hydrofluoric To 50% 175 DB
Hydrofluoric Max. Cont. 225 G
Hydrogen Sulfide Water To Saturation 160 DB
Nitric 10% 90 DEF
Nitric 25% 70 F
Perchloric To Saturation 120 DF
Phosphoric To 85% 180 EDB
Sulfonic Acid 180 DB
Sulphuric To 50% 160 DB
Sulfurous To Saturation 160 D
SALTS a ALKALIES OF
Abrasive Solutions 180 A
Aluminum Salts To Saturation 175 DB
Alums To Saturation 175 DB
Ammonium Hydroxide To Saturation 160 D
Ammonium Persulfate To Saturation 175 DB
Other Ammonium Salts To Saturation 175 DB
Barium Salts To Saturation 175 DB
Barium Sulfide 180 DB
Calcium Bisulfite To Saturation 175 DB
Bleach Lrquor To Saturation 140 D
Calcium Hydrochlorite To Saturation 175 D
Other Calcium Salts To Saturation 175 DB
Copper Salts To Saturation 175 DE
Iron Salts To Saturation 175 DB
Lead Salts To Saturatron 175 DB
Mercuric Chloride 180 D
Nickel Acetate To Saturation 160 DE
Potassium Hydroxide To Saturation 175 DB
Potassium Drchromate To Saturation 160 DF
Other Potassium Salts To Saturation 180 DBE
Sodium Hydroxide To Saturation 160 DB
Sodium Bisulfite To Saturation 160 DF
Sodium Hydrochlorite To Saturation 150 D
Sodium Hypochlorite 16% 225 G-H
Other Sodium Salts To Saturation 180 DBE
Sulphur Chloride NR
Silver Nitrate To Saturation 175 D-B
Tin Salts Any 175 DE
Zinc Salts To Saturahon 175 DE
(continued)
368 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
PLATING SOLUTIONS OF
Brass 140 F-B-D
Cadmium
Chromium
Copper
Gold
Lead
Nrckel
Silver
Tin
Zinc
ORGANIC MATERIALS OF
Acetate Solvents NR
Alrphatic Solvents Trace to Any 160 E
Acetic Acid Any 160 D
Acetic Anhydride To 25% 150 D
Acetone Any 150 DB
Alcohols Any 175 DB
Castor Oil 150 D
Citric Acrd 160 DF
Coconut Oil 150 D
Cottonseed Oil 150 D
Dye Stuffs 150 D
Citric Acid To Saturation 160 F
Ethylene Glycol Any 160 DB
Formaldehyde 40% 100 D
Formic Acrd Any 100 D
Fumaric Acid 180 BDF
Furfural 100 D
Gallic Acid To Saturation 160 DB
Glucose Any 175 DB
Glue Any 175 DB
Glycerine Any 175 DB
Lactic Acid Any 160 D
Malic Acid To Saturation 150 DB
Minerals Oils 160 ED
Oxalic Acid 160 D
Soaps Any 175 DB
Tannic Acid To Saturation 175 DB
Triethanolmine Any 175 DB
Vinegar 150 DF
The temperatures given are somewhat conservative; however If higher operating temperatures are anticipated, tests
should be conducted to satisfy users particular problem.
Cements, Mortars, and Asphalt
STONCLAD is a three-component, epoxy-base floor surfacing system. It was specifically designed for surfacing and
patching industrial floors exposed t o corrosive spillages and abrasive, wheeled traffic. STONCLAD-HT i s a three-
component, epoxy-base floor surfacing system. It was specifically designed for surfacing and Fatching industrial
floors exposed t o corrosive spillages and abrasives, wheeled traffic a t temperatures above 140 F (60°C),but less
than 250°F (122°C).
The test procedure used was to totally immerse cured samples of STONCLAD in the chemicals listed
for a period of 90 days at normal room temperatures. (This is a n exceptionally severe test, since most
floors subject t o chemical spillages such as these are "flushed down" periodically with water as part of
the normal floor maintenance operation.)
The resultant resistance of STONCLAD t o the various chemicals is rated using the symbols listed
below. (It is assumed that normal "good housekeeping procedures" are used, including a daily flushing
down with clean water.)
RATING CODE
E - Excellent OS - Suitable for use
G - Good where "occasional spillages"
F - Fair occur, when followed by
NR - Not Recommended immediate water flushing.
ACIDS
CHEMICAL RATING CH EM1CAL RATING
ACIDS (continued)
CHEMICAL RATING CHEMICAL RATING
Oleic. . . . . . . . . . .............E Phthalic.. ...................... F
Oxalic - Sat.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .E
Succinic - Sat.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .E
Sulfuric - 20%. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E
Pelargonic. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . OS Sulfuric - 50%. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . G
Perchloric - 35%. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F Sulfuric - 70%. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F
Phosphoric - u p t o 50%. . . . . . . . . i F Sulfuric - 98%. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . NR
Phosphoric - 70%. . . . . . . . . . . . . .os
Phosphoric - Conc. 85%. . . . . . . . . NR Tannic - Sat.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E
Picric - Sat.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E Tartaric - Sat.. . . . . . . . . . ....E
ALKALIES AND SALTS
Water. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Wine. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .E
Oils - Mineral. . . . .
Oils - Vegetable. . . Xylene. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . G
ACIDS
Chromic - 10%.. . .
Chromic - 150h.. . . . . . Mr,nochloroacetic -1
Chromic - 30%. . . . Mmochloroacetic - 20%. . . . . . . . . 0s
Citric - Sat . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .E
Cresylic. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . os Nitric - 20%. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E
Nitric - 30% ......... G
Diglycolic. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . G Nitric - over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . NR
Fatty.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E Oleic.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E
Formic - u p to 10%.. . . . . . . . .F Oxalic - S a t . . . . . . . . . . ....E
Formic - over 10% . . . . . . . . . . . NR
Fluoboric. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . G Pelargonic. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .os
. . . . . . . . . . . . . os
. . . . . . . . . . . . .E Phosphoric - 70%. . .
Hydrochloric - 37%. . . . . . . . . . . . . G
Hydrofluoric - 5%. . . . . . . . . . Picric - Sat.. . .
Hydrofluoric - 10%.. . . . . . . . . . . . G Phthalic.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F
Hydrofluoric - 15%. . .
Hypochlorous - 5%. . . . . . . . . . . . . E Succinic -Sat .... ..E
(continued)
372 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
ACIDS (continued)
REZKLAD C IS a monolithic overlay designed specifically for use in applications where hydrofluoric acid and high
concentrations of sodium hydroxide are encountered. REZKLAD C has been formulated to incorporate toughness,
ability t o tolerate temperature cycling and good physical strength.Thls material IS installed dlrectly on the concrete
slab t o give a durable, corrosion-resistant topping.
CHEMICAL RESISTANCE OF REZKLAD C FLOORING COMPOUND
RT 140'F -_ _ ~ - ~-_ I? __ R - Recommended
_____ - -~ ___ -~ T - -.
1400F
Acetic A c i d b e l o w 5 % R C Lactic A c i d above 10% N N
-~
Acetic Actd 5% to 10% C N Lard N N N - Not Recommended
- _______ -__ ~ _ _
Acetic i d 10% t o 50%
- A c~- N N Lux L i q u i d R C
_ . C - C o n~
d i t i o n a l M a y~
Acetone ~ _ - _ N N
_ _ -Magnesium C h l o r i d e Nitrate Sulfate R R
_ ~- -~ be s e r v i c e a b l e i f t h e
A l u m or A l u m i n_u _ m_ Sulfate Maleic A c i d 25% _ N_ _-_~ c o n t a m i n a n t is i m -
_ R R _ _ _ N
A m r.r ~-i i u-n i-- C h-
l o r i d e Nitrate
__._
~
Sulfate
__ 50% R R Methyl
- A_
lcohol ~ - ~ R C m e d i a t e l y removed
A m m o n i u m H y---__
d r o x i d e 10% R R
___________ Methylene C h l o r i d e
- N __
N or washed off the
Amrnonium_ _ H _y d_ r_o x i d e 30% R C Methyl Ethyl Ketone
-
N
__.
N
__ surface
Aniline
-~ N N Milk ---- _ - - --- -
R R
Aqua Regia _ _ ~N N
~ ~ Mineral
_ _Oil_ _ _ _ _ _ R_ R~ ~
f l d r i u_m~ Chloride
________ Sulfate R R N i c k e l C h l o r i d e Nitrate Sulfate
_ ~ - _ __ . _ ~
R _R_ _
Beer ~ _ __ ~ - ~R R Nitric A c i d b e l o w 5%
_____ _
C ~-
N
Benzene Nitric A c i d -5%._
__ - - -_ _ _ _ - _ _ _N_ ~
N
_ - - ~ t o_10%
-. _- -- -
C-
N -
~
Benzene S u l f o n i c Acid 10%
- - ~ _ _ R R Oils _Vegeldble
- _ _____ ----- ~~- c c __
Benzoic Acid R R Oleic _Acid
_ _ ~ _ _ _ _____ N ___
N
- - - _ ___ - ~~
REZKLAD 250 i s the trowelable counterpart to sprayable REZKLAD 125s. REZKLAD 250 utilizes a room tem-
perature curing, aromatic amine hardening system, thus the reason for i t s outstanding chemical resistance. In addi-
tion, this material has been formulated t o incorporate outstanding physical properties. REZKLAD 250 upgrades t h e
surface of existing concrete floors and provides positive protection a t a reasonable cost. Rezklad 250 complies with
ASTM C722, Specification for Chemical-Resistant Monolithic Surfacings.
CHEMICAL RESISTANCE OF REZKLAD 250
H e i k i a d 250 Rezklaa 250
R l 15O'F
- .___
__..- .- ~-
_ _ ~ _ _ ..-
~_. --. R T~
- 150°F
._.__
~ ~ . R - Recommended
Lactic Acid. 5% t o 10% R R
Acelic A c i d~~-~
. below
_ _5%~ ~ _ ~ ~ - ~ _ _ _ R~ _R-_ ~ ___ . _ _ _ _ _ ~ ~
A m- m o_n i u m H y d r o x i d 30%. _ _~ . _R _
~e. _ ~C_ Methylene C h l o r i d e
- NR -- surface
-'---:
_ ~ _. ._.__._
~. _~_
. ._~
Aniline
_ ~ _..___._.._
_-. ______- ~- C ..--NR
. ~ Methyl
.~ ~ ~ Ethyl Ketone _ _ - ~
Silica A filler will be
~
A q~~~_~
u a Regia
__...._-._ ~ ~ _ NR _NR
_______ ~ Milk
~~~ ~
R. R- ~ a-t t a c k e d . Sealing
B a r l u m Chloride. Sullate
~ ~ _ ~ ~ ~ _ - _ _
R R
_ _ _ _ _
_ - ~
Mineral C i I
~ -_
- -_
~ -_ _ _ . __ - . R
~ .R - t h e surface may
,e;
~ ~ . ..__ ~ ____-___ ~ - _ R_ R ~ N~i c k
_~~
el~
C h l o r_
~~__--______ i d e , Nitrate Sulfate .- ~ - ~
R~ R ~ -
prolong
- -
t h e life.
Benzene
- ~ ~ _ .__.__. - .___.__
~ ~- R NR N't.'L%A2d~be!5""
~ ~
5"/.___ _.-~ R R B - May c o n t a i n t r a c e s
Benzene
~ S~ u_ l f o ~n i c~ A c~ i d~, 10%
~ R R
- - _ .- -_._____- Nitric Acid, 5% t o 10% . _ ~ _ _ c c of hydrofluoric acid
--..---. c c or acid fluorides.
Benzoic A c i d R R Oils. Vegetable
.~
__.___... ~ __._ __._ _ _ ~ _ _ _ _ _ ~
__..____
black Liquor
~ ~ . ____..__~.____
- ~
R R- Oleic A c i d
..- ~~~~- ~ ~ ~ _ _-....- . ~ ___ . _ _
c c__.
Silica filler may be
i l e a c h i n g Liquor. below 2% R R Oxalic A c i d R R attacked. See "A".
. . _-._ - .~_____ ___-- ~ _ _ _ _- -~ .-_.-
-- ~ - - . _ _ _-.---..~-
Bleaching L i q u o r . ~c _
on R C_
.. ._._._-___ _c_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ NR NR Perchloroethylene
.___._._ __._
Boric Acid
..
. _ _ . ..__-- ~~~
R-~
R Petroleum
_._.____-
R R
B u t y l Acetate
- __.. .._ ... .-
c -- Phenol,
~_~~_ ~ below _5%
_ ~ _.__._._ .__-_ _ _ _ _ _c_.___
~ --
~
Butyl Alcohol
__ - ~_
~ ~
c -- ~
Phosphoric
_~______ Acid, to 25%-. ~ _ _
R
_
B RB
Butyric Acid C NR Phosphoric A c i d , 25% to 50% CB N R
~ ~~ ~~ ___ ~ ....-.- ~~_ - ~~.-~_ _ _ _ _ .. __._ - _ ~ . . _ ~ . _ ~ ___._.
_ ~ -
CalL I u n i C h l o r i d e . Nit r dte, Sullat e R R Phosphoric Acid. above 50% NR --
. -. ~_~
_ _ . . . _ _ __._..___ - - ~ - - - ~ -. __
Cdlcium Hydroxide R R Picric Acid. t o 5%
_._.__ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ~
R NR
~ ~ ~ __..__.--~__ __.__
Calci
~. um
-. H y p _o c_
~.. h l~
o r i_
R c
t e_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ~~
Potassium Chloride,_-
Nitrate. Sulfate
_ R R
_ ~
Chlorine. D r y
~. ~________ ~~~
c -- ~~
Potassium
-_ _ ~ H y d r.o x i d e_
. -.__._
, below
_ 25%
~
_____ R R
C h l o r i n e , Wet
. .. . -- -_ ~ _ ~ _.____
_ _~ _ _ _ _ c_ -- Potassium
_ _ _ _ _ ~H_
ydro _ x i_d_ , 25%
e_ ~
--.to ~50%
__ c c-
.
C h l o r i n e Water
. .. ._--_ _ - ~ . -
._._.
R -- S o d i u m Bicarbona;e,
-~ Carbonate R R
C t i Ior oac et i c - i d , be l o w 1 0%
Ac -........._._ _s o _d i u_m _Chloride.
_ ~ - Nitrate. Phosphate R R
_~ ~~ _ _ _ R_ R_ . ~
. .
C t i Iu f olor ni~ ~~ _ _ _.....__ _ _ _ _ R ~ --_ S o d i u m Sulfate.--__
Sulfide R R
-.--. ~ _ _ _ _ _
C h r o m i c Acid. below 5% S o d.i u.___ d r o x i d e , t o 25%
m H y ___..~ R R
----_-___ ~ _ _ R_ c
. _ _ _. .~~ ~
_
Ferric~Chloride.
~
Nitrate.
___.._..___
_ ~
Sullate
. _ ~
R R Toluene R NR
Fluosilicic
. ~. __..Acid.
~ _ _
30%____-_______ A A ~
Toluene
~- Sulfonic A
~~ __---
~c_i d _ _ _ ~ _ _ _ _ R C
. ..____
Forrndldehyde. b e l o w 37%
. ~ -. ~ _ ~~ _ ~ _
R
___R Tomato Juice
__-.-___.._________.__
R R
..-.
Formic _ _ .90%
_ _Acid. . ~ . -
R C Trichloroethylene
_____-__
~ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ C NR -____
R R R
Grdpe
.~ - ~.
Juice
. . __.__~ _ _R Trisodium
~ _ Phosphate
_ ~ ~ _ _ _______.--
~~ __~
__~ H y d r o b r o m i c A c i d . 20%
~~~ ~ ~~ __.___ R c Turpentine
~-~ .__-. _ _ ~ ~ _ _ _ ~ _ _ R_ _-- _ _
~
=
Resistant to 90°F (32OC) C Carbon filled
Methyl a c e t a t e . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Po:assium chloride, nitrate or sulfate. . . . . . . . .
Methyl alcohol .................... Potassium cyanide, saturated . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Methyl amine 40%. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Potassium ferricyanide, saturated . . . . . . . . . . .
Methyl "Cellosolve". . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Potassium hydroxide 50%. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Methyl chloride. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Potassium nitrate, saturated. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Methy cyclohexanol. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Potassium permanganate, below 5% . . . . . . . . .
Methyl ethyl ketone ................ Potassium peroxide 5%. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Methyl naphthalene. ................ Potassium persulfate, saturated . . . . . . . . . . . .
Methylene chloride . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Po?assiurnsulfate saruratsd . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Milk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Potassium sulfide. .....................
Mineral o i l . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Prussic acid .........................
Miscible oil. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Pyridine. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Monochlorobenzene. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Quinoline sulfate. .....................
Motor oil (see Crude o i l ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Saccharin solutions ....................
Muriatic acid (see Hydrochloric acid) ..... Salicylic acid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Naphthalene. ..................... Salt, saturated. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nickel chlorate, nitrate or sulfate . . . . . . . .
Sodium acetate, saturated. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nitric acid 5%. .................... Sodium bichromate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nitric acid 70%. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sodium c h lor ide, carbonate, bicarbonate,
Nitric oxide gases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . phosphate, nitrate, sulfate or chlorate ....
N it r o be nze ne . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sodium hydroxide 50% .................
Nitrosylsulfuric acid. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sodium hypochlorite, below 6% C12. ........
Nitropropane . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sodium hypochlorite 2 7%. ...............
Oils (saponifiable) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sodium peroxide 5% . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Oleic acid. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Stannic chloride . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Oleum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Steam . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Oxalic acid. ...................... Stearic acid, any . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Oxygen ......................... Sugar, saturated . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Paradimethylaminobenzophenone ....... Sulfur chloride . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Paraffin. ........................ Sulfur dioxide. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Perchloric acid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Sulfuric acid 80% . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Perchloroethylene . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Sulfuric acid 98% .....................
Petargonic acid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Sulfurous acid, below 10% ...............
Petroleum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Sulfur monochloride ...................
Phenol, below 5% . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Sulfuryl chloride. .....................
Phosgene . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Tannin ............................
Phosphoric acid 85% ................
Tar, tar oils . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Phosphorous chlorides ............... Tartaric acid, cold saturated . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Phthalic anhydride. ................. Tetrachloroethane .....................
Picric acid 5%. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Tetrachloromethane. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Picric acid 50%. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Tetrahydrofuran . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Potassium bromide, saturated . . . . . . . . . .
Toluene. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Potassium carbonate, saturated . . . . . . . . .
To Iuenesu If on ic acid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Potassium chlorate, 50%. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
378 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
_Butync acid
______
Calcium Chlonde Jams % Jellies
Plckels
-~~ ___
Sulfunc acid up_lo 50% ~ - -
~
Potassium Carbonate
_ _ ~-_ _ S~P----- -~
Potassium Hydronde up lo 30% T a M i C acid
p_ - ____- ~ _ ___ _ ______ ___ ___
Potavlum Hydronde 33% and over
Cheese all _______ Tartanc acid
________
~ chloGGWatZp
~ _ _ Salad Oils ~ _Tea
_ _____
~ ~
0
~
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Cements, Mortars, and Asphalt 387
PENNGUARD Adhesive/Membrane is a twocomponent urethane asphalt composition used in the installation of the
PENNGUARD Block Lining System. As an adhesive, it serves t o bond the PENNGUARD Block to a prepared sub-
strate, and as a membrane, it serves as a moisture and chemical-resistant barrier. TUFCHEM I 1 Membrane i s an im-
proved, two component, urethane asphalt based membrane system, that can be used, within i t s limitations, to pro-
tect concrete and steel surfaces from chemical attack and abrasion.
CHFlUlTCAL RESISTAWE OF
URFTHANE ASPYALT MEXBFA!!S
PENNCSWIB Adhesivefidrane
TUFCE3B I1 Membrane
Xey: R - Resistant
NR - N o t Resistant
C - Conditional
The REZKLAD epoxy-based system consists of a Concrete Primer and Flooring Compound, plus an Expansion
Joint Compound and Surface Sealer available for use where necessary. The CLADKOTE Flooring Compound i s a
modified polyester, resin-based monolithic overlay for concrete. The composite of resins and siliceous reinforcing
material cures t o a tough, chemical resistant topping. CLADKOTE C utilizes a 100% carbon filler specifically de-
signed for service in hydrofluoric acid and fluoride salts.
.Clrdkob C Rcomnnnded
KHV
C 80°F. 0 RECOMMENDED
n Up to the temperature limila-
tion of the material. In cafes
0 CONDITIONAL. may
b. suitable but con-
where chemical boils below Sult A t l a s b e f o r e
this limitation. resistance is using.
intended to be shown up to
the boiling point.
I!&MMENDED
Cements, Mortars, and Asphalt 389
H = Recommended.
fl= Conditional, may be suitable.
0= Not recommended.
€3 = Carbon-filled variation must be used.
= Possible failure through crystalline growth
CORROSION-PROOF MORTARS
PH 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 1 8 9 1(1 11 12 13 14
ACIDSIL MORTAR
~ ~
R - Resistant. NR - Not Resistant "Consult M.A. Knight for specific recommendation. (continued )
394 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
Acids:
Acetic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .* Borax . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . R
Arsenic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . R Calcium Bisulfite . . .................. R
Boric ............................... R Calcium Chloride . . . . . . . . . .
Carbonic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . R Calcium Hypochlorite.. . . . .
Chloride Dioxide Water . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . R
Chromic (Dilute) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . R
Citric . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . R
Formic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . R
Hydrochloric.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . NR
Hydrofluoric . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . NR Potassium Nitrate . . . . . . . . . . .
Hydrogen Peroxide . . . . . . ........... R Sodium Bicarbonate
Hydrogen Sulfide Water. .
Hypochlorous (C12 water). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . R
Lactic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . R Sodium Carbonate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . R
Nitric. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . NR Sodium Chloride . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Oxalic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . * Sodium Sulfate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Phosphoric . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . NR Sodium Sulfide ...................... R
Sulfuric.. ............................. NR Sodium Sulfite . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . R
Sulfurous (SO2 water) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . * Trisodium Phosphate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . R
Tannic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . R Zinc Sulfate . . . . . . ............. R
Tartaric . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . R
Organic Materials:
Alkalies:
Alcohol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . R
Ammonium Hydroxide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .* .......................... R
Calcium Hydroxide ..................... R m ........................ R
Calcium Hypochlorite . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . R Ethylene Glycol. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Magnesium Hydroxide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . R Formaldehyde . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . R
Potassium Hydroxide (15%). . . . . . . . . . . . . R Gasoline . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Potassium Hydroxide (Conc.) . . . . . . . . . . . *R Glucose . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Sodium Hydroxide (15%) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . R ......................... R
Sodium Hydroxide (Conc.) . . . . . . . . . . . . . *R .................
Sodium Hypochlorite. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . R Milk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Sodium Peroxide ........................ R Mineral Oils . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . R
Molasses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Salts: Phenol. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . R
Soaps . . . . . . . . . . .................... R
Aluminum Sulfate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . R Starch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . R
Ammonium Chloride. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . R Sugar Syrup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . R
Ammonium Nitrate ..................... R Triethanolamine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . *
Ammonium Sulfate ..................... R Vegetable Oils . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . R
'Consult M.A. Knight for specific recommendation.
R - Resistant
NR - Not Resistant
(continued)
Cements, Mortars, and Asphalt 397
0 Not Recommended x -0 o I I e z ~ p
z
n> P ncnno F o
a Limited Resistance
PENNWALT " p rn 0 ? m
v)
?a:=
ID
v)
T)
r
v,
-g
r
m= m e
u30T,ul=1,
c_@ -0
=.
c
2
g
a Conairional Test NAME I O ~ D
ZD
r
-06 --1 a' e-3
-
e= 3
Required 6 5 (? ? ? o o m 2 p
-
-
0 Not Testeo n m ?
! < z a i 5
Cl 5
KEY TYPE RESIN”
0 Ressiant MORTAR SILICA 8 SILICATE - FURAN
MoD’F’ED PHENOLIC
PHENOLIC
SULFUR
- $5 n 6 r
! : =%w-3 6 2 5
c -
;
a
Requlred
6 ? ? 52 0 0 s
a 2
s E-
NOI Tesieo 4 m 2 < z a C
Cements, Mortars, and Asphalt 40 1
L!miled Reslsiance
a Conaitional.
Required
Test
a Not Tested
(continued )
402 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
a Not Recommended
a Llfnited Resisrance
Conditional Test
Required
Cements, Mortars, and Asphalt 403
0 Not Recornmended
Limited Resistance
a Conditional.
Required
Test
(continued)
404 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
g Llmited Resistance
a Conditional Test
Required
ADDENDA
H.E.S. and HB Mortars differ from other siliceous, silicate, or silica mortars in resisting exposures between pH 0.0
and pH 8.0 with the exception of acid fluorides and HF acid. In addition, they can be used in glycol acetate,
potassium sulfate or persulfate, sodium sulfide and trisodium phosphate, all of which will damage other siliceous
mortars.
"Use this reference information as a guide only. The information given in the resistance chart is believed t o be
reliable, but no guarantee i s made nor can we assume liability in connection with their use. Please contact the
Corrosion Engineering Department for specific recommendations."
406 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
IN 0 BOND C is a high-purity quartz colloidal silicate mortar for use with all sizes of acid brick and i s especially
suited for stack or chimney linings as in sewage treatment operations and other, and as a mortar for process linings.
IN 0 BOND P is a potassium silicate based inorganic brick mortar formulated for use with all sizes of acid brick and
i s especially suited for chimney, stack or vessel linings where an easy t o use mortar will facilitate quick installation.
IN 0 BOND S is a sodium silicate based mortar designed for use with all sizes of acid brick.
FURABOND and FURASET are furan based cements that resist a wide range of strong corrosive solutions and se-
vere mechanical abuse. They are formulated t o be used with all sizes of acid brick for protection of concrete and
steel surfaces such as trenches, floors, piers, pump bases, supporting foundations, sumps, batching and pickling
tanks, process vessels. They are especially suited for alternating alkali/acid conditions.
STERNCHEM Polyester Mortar is formulated t o provide superior service for acid brick constructions in the chemi-
cal process, pulp and paper, plating, textile, fertilizer, and metal refining industries. They are especially suited for
chlorine dioxide towers, bleaching vats, trenches, sumps, pits, bleaching solutions of sodium hypochlorite, oxidizing
solutions of nitric and chromic acids t o 20% concentrations, hydrobromic acid, potassium and sodium dichromates,
bromine water, s a l t solutions t o pH 11.
STERNCHEM Phenolic Mortar is formulated t o provide superior service for acid brick constructions requiring the
chemical resistance of carbon/resinous phenolic systems.
Acetaldehyde R R NR NR
Acetic Acid, under 10% R R 3OoC R
Acetic Acid, Glacial R R NR R
Acetic Anhydride R NR R R
Acetone R 3OoC NR NR
Acetone Oil NR R NR NR
Acetyl-Bromide R NR U NR
Acetyl-Chloride R R NR NR
Acetylene-Dichloride R R NR NR
Acetyl Salicylic Acid R R U R
Aluminum Bromide R NR U NR
Aluminum Chloride,
Sulphate & Alums R R R R
(continued)
Cements, Mortars, and Asphalt 407
Aluminum Fluoride NR R U NR
Alum R R R R
Rmmonium Bromide R NR U NR
Ammonium Carbonate R R R R
Ammonium Chloride , Sulphate R R R R
Ammonium Fluoride NR R U R
Ammonium Hydroxide NR R 35OC NR
Ammonium Nitrate
(Neutral S o l u t i o n s ) R R R R
Ammonium P e r s u l p h a t e R R U R
Ammonium Phosphates R R U U
Ammonium Sulphide R R R R
Ammonium Tungstate R R U U
Amyl Acetate , Alcohol R R
Aniline R NR NR NR
Aniline Hydrochloride R R NR NR
Antimony Chloride R R R R
Ant imo ny Oxych l o r i de R R U R
Antimony Potassium T a r t r a t e R R U R
Aqua Regia R NR NR NR
Arsenic Compounds,
Neutral o r Acid R R U R
B a r i u m Chloride R R R R
B a r i u m Hydroxi de NR R R R
Barium N i t r a t e R R R R
Barium Sulphide NR R 3OoC NR
Benzaldehyde - Neutral o r Acid R R NR NR
Benzene (Bensol ) R R NR NR
Benzene Sulphonic A c i d ,
( o r Chloride) R R NR U
Benzoic Acid R R R R
Benzyl Acetate R NR U U
Benzyl Alcohol R NR U NR
Benzyl Chloride R R NR R
Boric Acid R R R R
Bromine R NR R NR
Bromine Water, S a t u r a t e d R NR R 3OoC
Butanol R R U NR
Butyl Acetate R R NR NR
Butyl C a r b i t o l R R U NR
Butyric Acid R R 3OoC R
Cadmium Chloride R R R R
Cadmium N i t r a t e R R 70°C R
Calcium Chloride R R R R
Calcium Hydroxide NR R 3OoC NR
Calcium Hypochlorite R R R U
Calcium N i t r a t e ( N e u t r a l S o l u t i o n s ) R R R R
Calcium Sulphate R R R R
Carbon Bisulphide R R R R
(continued)
408 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
Carbon Dioxide R R U U
Carbon Oxychloride
( Phosgene ) R R U U
Carbon T e t r a c h l o r i d e R R 30°C
C a u s t i c Soda & P o t a s h NR R U NR
C h l o r o a c e t i c Acid R R N R
Chloral (Trichloroacetic
aldehyde) R R NR NR
Chlorbenzene R R N 3OoC
C h l o r i n e D i o x i d e , Water
Solution R NR 8OoC NR
Chlorine, Liquid R NR 35oc NR
C h l o r i n e , Gas R NR 35OC NR
C h l o r i n e Water, S a t u r a t e d R R 20% 3OoC
Chloroform R R N 3OoC
Chloronaphthalene R R U NR
C h l o r o s u l p h o n i c Acid R NR U NR
Chromic Acid 10% R NR 6ooc U
Chromic Acid R NR NR NR
Chromic C h l o r i d e R R U U
Chromium Potassium S u l p h a t e R R U R
C i t r i c Acid R R R R
Copper A c e t a t e ,
Chlorides & Sulphate R R R R
Copper Nitrate ( N e u t r a l
Solutions) R R R R
Cresol R R U NR
Ether R R U R
Ethyl Acetate R R N 3OoC
E t h y l Alcohol R R 8OoC 30oC
E t h y l a m i ne R NR U NR
E t h y l Bromide R NR NR NR
Ethyl Chloride &
Ethylene Dichloride R R NR 3OoC
E t h y l e n e D i s u l p h o n i c Acid R R U U
E t h y l e n e Oxide R R U R
Ethyl Ether R R 25oc 3OoC
Ethyl Sulphate R R 3OoC 3OoC
E t h y l S u l p h u r i c Acid R R R R
F a t t y Acids R R U 3OoC
F e r r i c C h l o r i d e , Nitrate,
Sulphate R R U R
F e r r i - & Ferrocyanides R R U R
F l u o b o r i c Acid NR R NR NR
F l u o r i n e Gas NR NR NR NR
F l u o s i l i c i c Acid NR R 3OoC R
Fo rmal d e hyde R R R R
Formic Acid & Compounds, n o t a l l R R R R
Furfural U 25Oc NR NR
(continued)
Cements, Mortars, and Asphalt 409
G a l l i c Acid R R U R
Gasoline R R 25OC R
Glycerine R R 70°C R
Glycol Monoacetate NR R U NR
Hydrazine S u l p h a t e R R U NR
Hydriodic Acid R NR NR NR
Hydrobromic Acid R NR 3OoC NR
Hexane R R 25OC R
Hydrochloric Acid R R R R
Hydrocyanic Acid R R R R
H y d r o f l u o r i c Acid NR R NR R
Hydrogen P e r o x i d e 1% R NR 3OoC NR
Hydrogen P e r o x i d e 10% R NR 3OoC NR
Hydrogen P e r o x i d e 25% R NR 3OoC NR
H y d r o f l u o s i l i c i c Acid NR R NR R
Hydrogen P e r o x i d e 30% NR NR 25OC NR
Hydrogen S u l p h i d e R R R R
Hypochlorous Acid R NR U NR
Iodine R NR NR NR
I r o n Chlorides R R R R
I r o n Nitrates R NR 7OoC R
Iron Sulphates R R R R
Isopropyl Ether R R 25OC U
Iodoform R R NR NR
Kerosene R R 25OC R
L a c t i c Acid & Compounds R R R R
Lead C h l o r i d e R R R R
Lead Nitrate ( N e u t r a l Solufuions) R R R R
Magnesium C h l o r i d e , N i t r a t e ,
Sulphate R R R R
Maleic Acid & Compounds R R U R
Manganese C h l o r i d e , Oxides
& Sulphates R R R R
Mercuric C h l o r i d e R R R R
Methanol (Methyl A l c o h o l ) R R 3OoC 3OoC
Methyl A c e t a t e R R R R
M e t h y l b u t y l e n e g l y c o l Acetate R R U NR
Methyl Cyclohexanol ' R R U U
Methylene C h l o r i d e R R U R
Methyl S u l p h a t e R R N R
Methyl Sulphonic Acid R R U U
Mineral O i l R R R R
ivlolybdenum Acids & Oxides R R U U
Naphthalene ( S u l p h o n a t e d ) R R U U
Naphthalenesulphonic Acid R R U U
Naphtholsulphonic Acid R R U U
Nickel C h l o r i d e & S u l p h a t e R R R R
(continued)
4 10 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
Sodium Hydroxide NR R NR NR
Sodium H y p o c h l o r i t e NR NR R NR
Sodium O x a l a t e R R U U
Sodium P e r o x i d e NR NR U NR
Sodium S u l p h a t e R R R R
Sodium S u l p h i d e NR R 3OoC NR
Sodium S u l p h i t e R R R R
Sodium T a r t r a t e R R R R
Sbdium T h i o s u l p h a t e , T h i o s u l p h i t e R R R R
Soya O i l R R U R
S t e a r i c Acid R R R R
S u l p h u r i c Acid 5% NR R R R
S u l p h u r i c Acid 50% R R R R
S u l p h u r i c Acid 80% R NR NR 25OC
S u l p h u r i c Acid 93% R NR NR 25OC
Sulphur C h l o r i d e R NR U U
Sulphur Molten R R R R
Sulpnurous Acid R R R E
Sulphur Oxides R R R R
Sulphur Dioxide (Wet o r Dry) R R R R
S u l p h u r i c Acid, Fuming R NR NR NR
Sulphur T r i o x i d e (Wet) R NR NR 25OC
S u l f u r y l Chloride (Sulphur
Oxychloride ) R NR NR NR
Tannic Acid R R R R
T a r t a r i c Acid & Compounds R R R R
Tetrachloroethane R R U U
Tin Chlorides R R R R
Tin Sulphates R R R R
Titanium C h l o r i d e s , S u l p h a t e R R R R
Toluene ( T o l u o l ) R R 80oc NR
Toluenesulphonic Acid R R U U
T r i c h l o r o a c e t i c Acid R R NR U
Trichloroethylene R R U U
Trisodium Phosphate NR R 3OoC NR
Tung O i l R R R R
Urea R R 3OoC R
U r i c Acid R R U U
Xylene ( XyIol) R R 30OC U
Zinc C h l o r i d e , Nitrate, S u l p h a t e R R R R
Zinc Nitrate R 125OC R R
Ferrous Alloys
AL-6X is an austenitic chromium, nickel, molybdenum-containing The following table illustrates the corrosion resistance of AL-6X
alloy developed for service in chloride and other pitting or crevice in various solutions in comparison to AISI stainless steel grades.
corrosion environments such as sea water. The 20% chromium Tests were performed in boiling acid (concentrations in weight
and 6% molybdenum contained in the alloy produces outstanding percent) for five 46-hour periods. The listed values are corrosion
resistance to pitting and crevice attack in chloride-containing rates in IPM (inches per month):
solutions. The high nickel (24%) and molybdenum provide good
resistance to stress corrosion cracking. The alloy content of the
material produces excellent general corrosion resistance in a
number of media. Solution
Type We Type AL-6X
The alloy is readily welded by the inert gas processes. AL-6X 446 304 316
possesses good ductility and high impact strength.
45% Formic Acid .61 .143 943 9005
AL-6X is available as welded tubing, sheet and strip.
20% Acetic Acid 9000 .025 9002 .OOOl
10% Oxalic Acid 947 906 .0009
10% Sodium Bisulfate .230 ,014 .OOll
10% Sulfuric Acid 12.0 1.36 .07f ,010
65% Nitric Acid
(ASTM A-262
Typical Analysis Practice C) .0007 9507 .0009 JO26
Carbon .025
L
Manganese 1.50
Phosphorus .025
Sulfur .Ol0 Data, including the boiling acid tests above, show that AL-6X is
Silicon generally more corrosion resistant than Type 316. In environments
Chromium 2d.E such as sulfuric acid, concentrations and temperatures have a
Nickel 24.50 marked influence on corrosion rate, and specific conditions should
Molybdenum 6.25 be carefully determined. The following data determined for 2-hour
coupon tests are illustrative:
Temperatures
Concentrations
Corrosion Rate, IPM 1
TyPical Weiaht Changes and Sample Conditions Resuking of H,SO, 15VF 175’F 2OfYF
Fibm 10 Per&t Fe& Chloride tixposure Tests- Weight %
72 Hours 70” F (21” C) 5 AL-6X 904 904 905
316 .003 .007 .012
Alloy Crevices On Samples No Crevices On Samples
10 AL-6X .CQ6 .004 ,007
304 0.45 Gram Weight Loss 0.45 Gram Weight Loss 316 907 .013 .016
Severe Crevice Attack Severe Pitting
20 AL-6X .009 905 .013
316 0.40 Gram Weight Loss 0.03 Gram Weight Loss 316 .016 .070 .146
Severe Crevice Attack Some Pitting, especially on
sample edges 40 AL-6X 907 .OlO .019
316 536 1.646 3.023
AL-6X No Weight change to No Weight change to
0.000 Grams 0.000 Grams 95 AL-6X .031 .043 .056
No Attack No Attack 316 905 907 .026
Jessop Steel’s corrosion resistant engineering alloys, JS700 and JS777, are high-alloy, fully austenitic, super stain-
less steels. These alloys are proven problem-solvers in many applications where corrosive conditions are too severe
for the standard grades of stainless steel. They have also provided cost-effective alternatives to more expensive
nickel-base and titanium-base alloys. JS700 and JS777 are much more highly alloyed than the standard stainless
steels. These grades contain nominally 25% nickel, 20% chromium and 4.5% molybdenum. The combination of the
three major alloying elements gives JS700 and JS777 a high degree of resistance to stress corrosion cracking. Neither
alloy is completely immune to this type of corrosion failure, as can be shown by such severe tests as stressed expo-
sure to boiling magnesium chloride solutions.
Corrosion Data (48 Hr. Laboratory Tests-All concentrations are by weight %I.
Corrosion Rate
Environment Temperature OF IPY
JS700 J8777 317L Plus 317L
20% Phosphoric Acid Boiling Point co.002 co.002 co.002
54% Phosphoric Acid 250 0.0024
60% Phosphoric Acid Boiling Point 0.059 0.012
85% Phosphoric Acid Boiling Pomt 0.122 0.067 0.294 0 196
Sensitized Material Boiling Point 0.124 0.080
25% Phosphoric 2% HF 167 0.008
60% Acetic Acid Boiling Point co.002 co.002
1.1 Acetic AcidIAnhydride Boiling Point 0.001
5% Nitric Acid + 3% HF 155 <0.002
25% Nitric Acid Boiling Point co.002 co.002
65% Nitric Acid (Huey) Boiling Point co.020
5% Hydrochloric Acid Boiling Point 1.491 0.962 1 454 1.691
10% Hydrochloric Acid Room Temp. 0.018
10% Hydrochloric Acid 140 0.150
10% Hydrochloric Acid Boiling Point 4.51 2.37
10% HCI in EDA (1 I Boiling Point <O.OOl
30% Sulfuric Acid Boiling Point 0.150 0.036
Sensitized Material Boiling Point 0.160 0.031
50% Sulfuric Acid Boiling Point 0.247 0.102 (4) (4)
50% Sulfuric Acid + %% HCI Boiling Point 0.880 0.298 0.962 0.540
70% Sulfuric Acid Boiling Point 57.6 27.6
Butyl Acetate Mixture (2) Boiling Point 0.264
Stretcher Test (3) Boiling Point 0.096
(I) 1 Volume cone I-ICI in 9 volumes Ethylene Diamine. (3) 50% Sulfuric Actd + 0.6% Fe+) as ferrtc sulfate InhIbItor.
(2) 75% Ester-l 1% Butanol-10% Acetic Acid-4% Water-0.3% HPSO~. (4) Dissolved COmPletelY in 48 hours.
JS700 JS777
Nickel 24.0-26.0% 24 O-26 0%
Chromium 190-230 19 O-23.0
Molybdenum 43- 50 43- 50
Columbium 6 x carbon mm-O.40 max 8 x carbon mm-80 40 max
Carbon, max .04 04
Slllcon. max 1 .oo 1 00
Manganese, max 2 00 2 00
Phosphorus, max .04 04
Sulfur, max 03 03
Copper 50 max 1.90-2.50
Critical Pitting Potentials in Saturated Sodium Data from one year field corrosion tests at nine pulp
Chloride Brine at 38C (lOOF) and paper mill bleach below. In this
plants are shown
MillivoltsVs. Saturated Calomel Electrode program, nine different pulp mills exposed corrosion
Alloy pH 10 test spools for one year. The AL 29-4-2 alloy was
PH6 pH2
AL 29-4-2 +990
among those demonstrating the highest degree of
+ 990 + 860
E-BRITE + 400 +420 , +430 corrosion resistance.
t
I i
I II II
I/ II
II ~ II III Ii Ill
11 / Ill Ill Ill Ill
/___
T&304 ,I C (72h.) L--C_(250h.) 1 C (4%72hd II ’ Ill Ill Ill Ill
(1) 1500 ppm Cl as NaCl (Procedure described in ASTM A692).
(Z)NC No Cracks: C Cracks. (1) One Year Exposure
Numbers in paranlherer indicale the test duration. Chlorides: Up lo 4100 ppm
PH : As low as 1.2
Temperature: Up to74C (lS*F)
Crevice Corrosion Test”) in Synthetic Brine”’
(2) Corrosion Classdicabon:
I O-9 mil pit depth and4 mpy general corrosion rate
__.__ .._ Weight Loss, mg/cmz I II S-20 mil pll depth o,>l lo IO mpy general corrosion rate
Alloy 22C (72F) 1 sOC(14OF) j 107C (224F) ’ 111 > 20 mil pit depth or>10 mpy general corrosion rate
AL 29-4-2 .00N’3) / .OON I .OON Source: A. I, Tuthill, J. D. R”6hlo”. .I. .I. Oeirler. R. H. Heahy and
Titanium .OON ; .OON .OOC L. L Edwards. ‘%onorion Resistance of Alloys 10 Bleach Plan,
Monel400 ~ .OON I .08c I Enwonmene”. TAPPI, Nov. 1979. Vol. 62. No. 11, pp. 4%5l.
.29 c
E-BRITE JJON .12 c cl6C
~ 316L OON 1 .Ol c / .oic /
I1 ) PH 7.0.72-ho”, test. crevices with rubber band and teflon soacers
(2; brine composition (wt. %): 25% NaCI; 38% Na,SO.; .lS% &Cl,; .03% MgCI,
(3) Visual appearance rating: N No Corrosion; C Crevice Corrosion.
Performance of AL 29-4-2 and Other Alloys
in Boiling 65% Nitric Acid”’
Crevice Corrosion Tests in Boiling Brine with
Alloy Corn&n Rate, mm/a (MPY)
Sodium Carbonate”’
AL 29-4-2 I .05-.08 (2-3)
j Alloy ; Weight Loss, mg/cm2 Visual Appearance ’ 1 E-BRITE .lO-.13 (4-51
Al 29-4-2 0.00 No Corrosion
/
Type 304 I .20-.61 (8-24)
E-BRITE 0.00 NoCorrosion Type 347 I .25-.41 (10-16)
Titanium 0.00 No Corrosion / Type 316 .28-.89 (1 l-35)
Monel400 1.05 Crevice Corrosion :/ -- Type-._430
-....... .._.__ i -.- ._ _ . .._
.51-.9l _...(2036)
--.__. - ..”_._. _ ^._.. _
(1)S&waled NaCl brine conlaining 10% N&CO,, pH 11. 72.hour test, boiling at (1) ASTM A 262. Practice C. Five who”, periods.
abnospheric pressure. wewces wdh rubber bands and tellon spacers.
(contrnued)
r
Other Metals In Simulated Flue Gas
Desulfurization Environmentn) Corrosion i
Weight Loss (mglcmr)
7
I
Compesitior
=-----I
1
Temperature IIuration. I
Rate
’F
-- mm/a
1 ‘1 WPv)
---I
Test Other C (F) Days
rot (158F) - Boiling 5 j o.m(o I)*
0.2 N - Boding 4 j 0.02 (0 8)
c -
AL 29-4-2 72h - Boiling 4 0.10 (3.8)
Alloy 625 24h 4.2 C -t- - 4 i 0.00(0.0)
i Alloy 625 -
72h
- I 149 (300)
B”“‘ng 4 I 0.04 (1 5)
/Type316 / 24h 20.6 C 177 (350) 4 / 0.19 (7.4)
-
,Type316 72h 1 ’ Boilmg 4 j 0.00(0.0)
-
!Allov G 72h - Boiling 4 0.00(00)
i~lio;C-276 1 72h
-
J 1 Na&O., 177 (350) I 4 0.14 (5.6)
(continued)
Ferrous A llo ys 417
The E-BRITE alloy is a high-purity specialty ferritic stainless steel which combines excellent resistance to corrosion
with good fabrication characteristics. It offers outstanding resistance to stress corrosion cracking along with superior
Pitting and crevice corrosion resistance, compared to conventional ferritic and austenitic stainless steels. General
corrosion resistance is usually better than that provided by these standard materials and in some cases is even
better than that of some nickel-base alloys. The E-BRITE alloy also is designed to provide excellent resisiance to
intergranular corrosion. Added to all this corrosion resistance are unique ductility characteristics, particularly when
compared to other ferritic stainless steels.
SIlIEOfl 20 40 max 1
Carbon 002 / 010 max Crevice Corrosion Tests ’
Nrtrogen ,010 015 max 5.25% Sodium Hypochlorite at i’1C (160F)
--.--
Columbrum 10 005 -020
i_AtlOY__ _-Weight Loss,mg/cm*_ 8ampleAppearance
Chloride Stress Corrosion Resistance E-BRITE 05 No Corrosron
Type 316 95 Crevice Attack
Annealed Sheet
lyp&?Q__ ~~t21)Crevj~e&tack_.
/r------ Time to Failure (Hours)”
i Boiling j _._______-.. (1) 96.hour exposure
!ld!Lal~~,,3
1
20 ’ 10 ! -
45 5 ~ - 143 (290) / 0041 (1 6) ’
50 -‘- 143 003 li
(1) 2% KMnO.-24 N&I. no crev,ces (pH 7.5)
(2) F - Failure
by pottmg
j 50 5 152 (305)
(290) 0 076 (3
to 01
50 5 01 152 13051 0 069 (2 71
i.SL 50 5
5___. 02
0; 152 13051
(305) _OLd28__
0 028 ~il~li
11 11
_ ~~~~ ~~_
(continued)
418 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
Corrosion of E-BRITE and Austenitic Alloys Performance of E-BRITE Alloy and Other
In Pulp Liquors ’ Stainless Steels in Huey Test”’
Corrosion Rate, mm/y (MPY)“’ I Alloy Corrosion Rate, mm/y (MPY) /
1
ik--------- 7 2 Parts White Liauor to 1 Part / I 010-013 (A-51 I
i FcBpXZ / 0.20-O 61 /I (8-22:)
i Type347 1 0.25-041 / (10-16) 1
Type316 I 028-O 89 (11-Z)
Type430 I 0 51-o 91
_____
(20-261
~____
(1)ASTMA262. Pracltce C. Bollmg 65O~ HNO,. Fwe 4%hour periods
~~
In-Plant Corrosion Tests of E-BRITE and
Other Alloys in White Liquor”’
___
Corra 3n Rate
__.___/ I
Alloy mm/y WY) 1 Comparison of E-BRITE and Other Alloys in
E-BRITE 0 000 (0 0) Boiling 88% Formic and 99% Acetic Acids
NI-CrAlloy600 0 005 IO 21
r I Corrosion Rate. mm/v IMPY) 1
Type329StamlessSteel 0 008 10 31
Type310StalnlessSteel 0010 (0 4) 1 88% Formic 99% Acetic
NI-Fe-CrAlloy800 0020 (0 81
NI-'hAlloy400 0023 ro 91 E-BRITE <o 01 (‘-'O
1) 0 01 (0 5)
NI-Fe-CrAlloy825 0 041 NI-Cr-MoAlloy276 005 (1 8) 001 (04)
Type304StadessSteei 0168 Nt-Fe-CrAlloyG 0 10 (4 0) 004 (1.6)
NI-CrAlloy625 0173 Nl-Fe-Cr Alloy825 0 08 (3 0) 005 (20)
Type316StamlessSteel 0 516 NJ-Cr Alloy 625 0 23 (9 0) 001 (04)
CarbonSteel 0886
NI Alloy200 0 33 (13 0) 010 (40)
(1) While Liquor:26’0 (NaOH+Na,S). 7.8% NaCI. 1 5% NarCO,. 3OoNa.SO, NdZrAlloy600 0 38 (15 0) 020 (80)
Temperature: 127C (261F)
Duratlon~
Type304 StaInless 2 44 (96 0) 046 (180)
154 Days
(2) SCC - Slress Corroston Cracking Observed Type 3:6 Stainless 1 0.23 (9oj } 005 (20)
Ferrous Alloys 419
Allegheny Ludlum Stainless Steel Type 439, a titanium stabilized, 18% chromium alloy, also known as ASTM XM-8
and by the IJNS designation S43035, is a ferritic stainless steel designed to resist corrosion in a variety of oxidizing
environments from fresh water to boiling acids. It may be used either annealed, cold formed or as welded in many
applications where other stainless steel alloys such as Type 304, Type 410, Type 409 and Type 430 are used. Type
439 may also be used in many oxidizing environments where Type 304 is considered adequate in terms of general
corrosion resistance but is considered subject to chloride stress corrosion cracking.
Tvpical
_. General Corrosion Data TYPICAL ANALYSIS
I
Medium
Corrosion Rates in Inches Per Month
and Millimeters Per Annum ( )
Standard Grade
,025
.40
MSR Grade
.018
.40
.025 ,025
,003 ,003
.50 .50
16.00 18.00
.30 .30
.60 .50
______ ,025 ,014
MF-1 is the designation for a corrosion resisting steel developed by Allegheny Ludlum originally for automotive
exhaust system applications. An 11% chromium alloy, MF-1 is a functional corrosion resistant material that has
served outstandingly in strong acid condensates that form in automobile mufflers ard tailpipes. The functional
uses of MF-1 as a corrosion resistant material for many other special applications can be equally attractive; suet-
as replacement for carbon steels, to avoid painting or other maintenance, or for galvanized steels under severe
corrosive conditions.
FERRALIUM alloy 255 is a patented, ferritic-austenitic stainless steel containing approximately 26%chromium,5%
nickel, 2% copper and 3.3% molybdenum. It combines high mechanical strength, ductility and hardness with resis-
tance to corrosion and erosion.
(continued)
Ferrous Alloys 421
Pitting Crevice-Corrosion
Temperature, Temperature,
Allov “C “F “C “F
(continued)
Ferrous Alloys 423
MULTIMET alloy is an iron-base alloy for use in applications involving high stresses at temperatures up to 15OO’F
(816 C), and moderate stresses at up to 2000°F (1093°C). It has good oxidation resistance, ductility and is readily
fabricated. Its high-temperature properties are inherent and are not dependent upon age hardening.
All results are expressed in mils (mm) penetration per year. Acid strengths
are given in percent by weight. In some instances, no measurable penetration
could be observed. These instances are noted by the word, “Nil.” All data are
steady-state as calculated from a minimum of five 24-hr. test periods.
All data were obtained using corrosion specimens prepared from 12-gage,
solution heat-treated sheet.
10% 50% 99% 2% 10% 20% 10% I 20% I 30% 40% 60% 69%
0.1
Room Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil
Nif (<oo:bl) - (CO.01) (<t-k!Ol)
150 deg. F
Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil
(66 deg. C) Ni’ (&S) (2%) Nif (<%) - (<YOl)
Boiling 1 0.1 1 0.1 1 0.1 1 6.0 1 356’ 1 >lOOO 1 4.0 1 6.0 1_ 1 (;;oo, 1 (zf5, ) (X0,
(<O.Ol) (~0.01) (cO.01) (0.15) (9.09) (>25.4) (0.10) (0.15)
*Rate is for the fifth (24-hour) test period, not steady state rate.
2% + 5% + 10% + 2% + 5% +
2% 5% NaCl 10% NaCl 10% 10% NaCl 2% 5% NaCl 10% NaCl 10%
WET
HYDROCHLORIC ACID CHLORINE
0.1 180
Room
(<O.Ol) (co67.01) (E3, (fE3) $8) (EO) (K5) (A!28) (4.57)
(continued)
Ferrous Alloys 425
NITRIC ACID
150 deg. F
(66 deg. C) I Nil I (CYOl,
I (<oo:bl,
I (&Ol) I - I - I -
0.3 3.0 303
Boiling
(<KY) (CO.01) (0.08) (7.70) - - -
The TRISTELLE alloys were designed to resist corrosion and all forms of wear. In particular, they were developed
to withstand galling, the gross damage commonly encountered in metal-to-metal sliding systems. By virtue of their
excellent resistance to cavitation erosion, they are particularly recommended for valve service.
Compositions
Fe Cr Ni co Si C
Resistance to Corrosion
The following immersion test results relate to multilayer undiluted gas tungsten arc deposits.
N/L represents an initial corrosion rate of greater than 50 mpy (1.27 mm/year) and a steady state
corrosion rate of less than 5 mpy (0.13 mm/year).
ILLIUM PD _._._______,,..___
Fe Base Cr-Ni-Co Alloy ILLIUM P 29.7435 29.7420 0.41
ILLIUM 98 .._.....___.,,__. Ni Base Cr-Mo-Cu Alloy CN-7M (S-20) 31.4510 31.4491 0.37
A 65% solution of boiling nitric acid test revealed Tests conducted in boiling vinegar and mayon-
that ILLIUM PD is up to 10 times more resistant naise demonstrate that ILLIUM PD exhibits ex-
to attack than 316 stainless steel Test results cellent resistance to attack from food products.
were:
ILLIUM 98 0.5
ILLIUM P 1.9
ILLIUM W 2.9
lnconel825 9.1
Carpenter 20 10.1
Durimet 20 53.7
ILLIUM 98 .0066
ILLIUM G .0109
ILLIUM P .028
Armco NITRONIC 50 Stainless Steel provides a combination of corrosion resistance and strength. This austenitic
stainless steel has corrosion resistance greater than that provided by Types 316, 316L, 317 and even 317L. plus
approximately twice the yield strength at room temperature. In addition, Armco NITRONIC 50 has very good
mechanical properties at both elevated and sub-zero temperatures.
This is the material for equipment requiring excellent corrosion resistance-including that in which Types 316 and
316L stainless steels are marginal. NITRONIC 50 is an effective material for the petroleum, petrochemical, chemical,
pulp and paper, textile, food processing and marine industries. Components using the combination of excellent cor-
rosion resistance and high strength currently include pumps, valves and fittings; fasteners, cables, chains, screens and
wire cloth; marine hardware, boat shafting, heat exchanger parts, springs and photographic equipment. A wide range
of additional applications is made possible by high strength and toughness at sub-zero temperatures, low magnetic
permeability even after severe cold working or exposure to sub-zero temperatures, and excellent mechanical proper-
ties at temperatures up to 1200 “F (649°C).
Composition
% %
Carbon .06 max Nickel 11.50/13.50
Manganese 4.00/6.00 Molybdenum 1.50/3.00
Phosphorus 0.040 max Nitrogen .20/.40
Sulfur 0.030 max Columbium .l o/.30
Silicon 1 .OOmax Vanadium .l o/.30
Chromium 20.50/23.50
CorrosionResistance
Corrosion Rates in Inches per Year (IPY) Unless Otherwise Indicatedu)
NITRONIC 50 Bar NITRONIC 50 Bar NITRONIC 50 Types 316 & Types 317 &
Test Medium Annealed 1950 F Annealed 2050 F High-Strength 316L 317L
(1066 C) (1121 C) (HS) Bar Annealed Bar Annealed Bar
10% FeCls, 25 C-plain(*) <.OOl g/in* <.OOl g/in* <.OOl g/in* .Oll g/in* -
10% FeCls, 25 C-creviced(*) <.OOl g/in* <.OOl g/in* <.OOl g/in* .186 g/in* -
1% H2S04, 80 C <.OOl <.OOl <.OOl 0.002 <.OOl
2% H2S04, 80 C <.OOl <.OOl <.OOl 0.011 <.OOl
5% H2S04, 80 C <.OOl <.OOl <.OOl 0.060 0.036
10% H2S04, 80 C - 0.028 0.10 0.049
20% H2S04, 80 C 0.133 - 0.48 0.155
1% HzS04, Boiling - 0.027 - - 0.013
2% HaS04, Boiling - 0.064 0.12 0.027
5% HzS04, Boiling .194 0.131 0.296 0.26 0.093
10% HzS04, Boiling 0.356 0.73 0.465
20% HaS04, Boiling 1.64 - 2.20 1.30
1% HCI,35C <.OOl <.OOl <.OOl 0.012 0.002
2% HCI, 35 C 0.024 <.OOl 0.027 0.021 0.023
1% HCI,80C - <.OOl 0.239 - 0.148
2% HCI,80C - 0.439 0.452 - 0.263
65% HNOs, Boiling 0.010 0.012 0.012
70% HsP04, Boiling 0.203 0.202 0.201
33% Acetic Acid, Boiling <.OOl <.OOl <.OOl
20% Formic Acid, Boiling - 0.027
40% Formic Acid, Boiling 0.034 -
Stainless Steel
Type C N Si Mll P S Cr Ni Ho CU Others
SK? 0.004 0.018 0.24 0.34 0.005 0.012 25.51 10.93 1.89 - Ti-0.54
s13 0.004 0.011 0.30 0.35 0.005 0.014 25.18 10.35 2.91 1.04 Ti-0.48
DP-3 0.018 0.12* 0.43 0.88 0.015 0.012 25.02 6.91 3.07 0.64 w-o.11
SAF 2205 0.012 0.14 0.34 0.65 0.017 '-0.003 22.13 5.70 3.05 - __
T304 0.068 - 0.52 1.07 0.007 0.014 18.29 9.25 0.24 0.16 __
T316 0.03 0.052 0.43 1.58 0.017 0.014 17.2 11.2 2.2 __
55700 0.036 0.032 0.32 1.77 0.020 0.005 20.5 25.10 4.40 0.28 Nb-0.32
TABLE 4.9: VARIOUS DUPLEX AND AUSTENITIC STAINLESS STEELS-CLIMAX MOLYBDENUM (cont’d)
Corrosion Rates and Deepest Penetration In the Creviced Area for Duplex and
Austenitic T304, T316 end JS700 Stainless Steels in Dilute Chloride
(600 pprcCl-, 5 ppm Cu++, 02) Solution at 90°C (194'F), One Week Exposure
Deepest Penetration
Stainless Steel Corrosion Rate in Creviced Area,
TYPO rngdm-=/day microns Remarks
201 (S20100) x x x
202 (S20200) x x x
205 (S20500) x x
301 (S30100) x
302 (S30200) x x x
3028 (S30215) x x x
303 (S30300) x x
303 Se (S.30323) x x
304 (S30400) x x x x
304L (530403) x x x x
(530430) x x x x
304N (S30451) x x x x
305 (S30500) x x x x
306 (s30800) x x x x
309 (530900) x x x x
309s (S30908) x x x x
310 (S31000) x x x x
310s (S31006) x x x x
314 (S31400) x x x x
316 (S31600) x x x x
316F (S31620) x x x x
316L (531603) x x x x
316N (S31651) x x x x
317 (S31700) x x x x
317L (531703) x x x x
321 (S32100) x x x x
329 (S32900) x x x x
330 (N06330) x x x x
347 (S34700) x x x x
346 (S34800) x x x x
364 (538400) x x x x
403 (540300) x
405 (S40500) x
409 (S40900) x
410 (S41000) x
414 (541400) x
416 (541600) x
416 Se (S41623) x
420 (S42000) x
420F (542020) x
422 (S42200) x
429 (S42900) x
430 (S43000) x
430F (S43020) x
430F Se (S43023) x
431 (543100) x x
434 (543400) x x
436 (S43600) x x
440A (544002) x
4408 (S44003) x
44oc (S44004) x
442 (S44200) x x x x
446 (S44600) x Y x x x
(S13800) x x x x
(S15500) x x x x x
(S17400) x x x x x
(Sl7700) Y x x x x
The “X” nolallons lndlcale that a speck statnless steel type may be considered as reslstant to the corroswe enwonment categories.
*Steel Products Manual “Stainless and Heat Resisting Steels,” December 1974, American Iron and Steel Institute, Washington,D.C.
(continued)
432 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
TABLE 4.10: VARIOUS STAINLESS STEELS-AMERICAN IRON AND STEEL INSTITUTE (continued)
Relative Corrosion Resistance of AlSl Stainless Steels Where Different Grades Are Used*
Bases Type 304 is used for parts such as spray towers, but
Soaps
Ammonium hy- Steels in the 300 series generally have good corro- Type 316 may be preferred for spray nozzles and
droxide, sodnrm sion resrstance at virtually all concentrations and flake-drying belts to minimize offcolor product.
hydroxide, caustic: temperatures in weak bases, such as ammonium
solutions hydroxide. In stronger bases, such as sodium hy Synthetic Type 316 is used for preheat, piping, pumps and
droxide, there may be some attack, cracking or detergents reactors in catalytic hydrogenation of fatty acids to
etching in more concentrated solutions and at high. give salts of sulfonated high molecular alcohols.
er temperatures. Commercial purdy caustic solu-
tions may contain chlorides, which will accentuate Tail oil ipulp and Type 304 has only limited usage in tall-oil distilla-
any attack and may cause pitting of Type 316 as paper industry) tion service. High.rosin-acid streams can be han-
well Type 304. dled by Type 316L with a minimum molybdenum con-
tent of 2.75%. Type 316 can also be used in the
Organics more corrosive high-fattyacid streams at tempera-
Acetic acid Acetic acid is seldom pure in chemical plants but tures up to 475 (245 Cl, but Type 317 will probably
generally includes numerous and varied minor con- be required at higher temperatures.
stituents. Type 304 is used for a wade variety of
equipment including stills, base heaters, holding Tar Tar distillation equipment is almost all Type 316
tanks, heat exchangers, pipelines, valves and pumps because coal tar has a high chloride content; Type
for concentrations up to 99% at temperatures up to 304 does not have adequate resistance to pittmg.
about 120 F (50 0. Type 304 is also satisfactory for
contact with 100% acetic acid vapors, and-if Urea Type 316L is generally required.
small amounts of turbidity or color prckup can be
tolerated-for room temperature storage of glacial Pharma
acetic acid. Types 316 and 317 have the broadest ceuticals Type 316 is usually selected for all parts in contact
range of usefulness, especially if formic acid is also with the product because of its inherent corrosion
present or if solutions are unaerated. Type 316 is resistance and greater assurance of product purity.
*“Stainless Steel and the Chemical Industry, ” Climax Molybdenum Company, 1966, Greenwich, CT.
~~~
Footnotes for Corrosives 6 Stress corrosion 41 20-70% air, 530 psi 76 Low NaCl
7 Drscolors 42 With sulfur, <340X=x 76 Wrth HCI
1 6 Crevrce attack 43 <IO mgil 77 <17% zmc
2 Toxic 9 Intergranular attack 44 No HzSOI 76 ~0.23%. 200 psi
3 Explosrve 10 No chlorides 46 ~60 psi 79 300 psi
4 Flammable 11 May discolor 46 No sulfides 60 No SO3
5 lhgestlon p&on 12 May catalyze 47 <20% zmc 61 No NaCl
6 Inhalant poison 13 May prl 46 Trace HCI 62 High pressure
7 Attacks skm 14 May stress crack 49 pH2t03.5 63 75-120 psi
a lrntant 15 Transgranular attack 50 Annealed, immersed 84 No sodium sulfite
9 Vaoor harmful 16 Vapor 51 >2.25% MO 65 +ammonia
10 lgmtes orgamcs 17 Aerated 52 Erratrc 66 Avoid hydroxides
11 Fummg liquid 16 Catalyzes 53 With NaCl 67 Saturated
12 Hygroscoplc 19 Static 54 With NaCI. HCI. Hz02 66 Not wood
13 Ltberates I-ICI in water 20 Agitated 65 No Fe, Cl 69 No free acid
14 Narcotic 21 -7 pH 56 With +-0.05- 1% HaPOd or 99 Passivated
15 Volatrle 22 <7 pH HISOI 91 <0.03% water
16 Hazardous under pressure 23 >7 pi-i 67 +SOz or HCOOH 92 Attacks stress zones near weld
17 lgmtes combustrbles 24 No HCI. H&O+ NaCl 56 <RC 22. 60.000 93 pH>12
16 Fire hazard 25 No ferric chloride 59 Annealed 94 >15 psig
19 Exolosrve over 70% 26 -0.1% acetic acid 60 No cold work
20 lgnrtes m morst arr at 30°C 27 Also sludge 61 No’ HnS :: :.oS??d pH
21 Exothermrc m water 26 No iron salts 62 Permeable to HZ 97 >200 ppm water
22 Dust explodes 29 No sulfuric acid 63 Unsulfaled :“g ;t3sp;hen wet
23 Explosve dust 30 Explosive 64 With or without
24 Exothermic with water 31 With HzSO4 65 240 psi
32 With steam 66 Cold worked
Footnotes for 33 No sulfur 67 X30% copper
Data Squares 34 No stress 66 >20% sulfuric, bat nitric acid
35 No ammonia 69 No MO; low C
1 No water 36 300 psi 70 Red fummg
2 No arr. oxygen 37 Stress relieved 71 Pits in chlorides
3 Low arr. oxygen 36 No HCI. Cu. Ni ions 72 Over 400°C
4 Pits 39 No Cu, Fe ions 73 Steam and air
5 Stress cracks 40 Over 70% air 74 75-100% concentration
(continued)
434 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
Acetic
Acld
vapor
Acelic
AnhydrIde
In Acebc
Acid
4.7 9
Aluminum
Chloride
Ammonium
Carbonate
I I I I , I I I
(continued)
Ferrous Alloys
Formic
Acld
GCilllC
Acid
(continued)
436 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
iydrogen
Peroxide
iydrogen
Sulfide -
Dry
1.4
Lactic
Acid
(continued)
Ferrous Alloys 437
Phthalic
inhydride
I I I
Potassium ! ! ! I
Carbonate
Nitrous
Acids
Per-
chloric
Acid
Per-
chloro-
ethylene
Phenol
(continued)
438 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
olassium
kman-
ganate
4. 10
‘eroxide
Dtassium
Sullate
Pyridme
#ichroma
5 P-u
e _._ _L
0
-7
Sodium
Bisulfate
El33
71
- -t-.
Ferrous A llo ys 439
T
L
T
ml
T
I
T
I
C
440 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
CORROSION DATA
Alcohol Ethyl 70 II II I
Methyl 70 II II I
--~_~~__
Aluminum Acetate 20% 70 II II II
20% Boiling II II II
-___
Aluminum Chloride 5% 70 IV IV IV III
25% 70 IV IV IV III
Aluminum Fluoride 5% 70 IV IV IV IV
Ammonium Carbonate 1% 70 II II
5% 70 II II
_
Ammonium Chloride 10% Boiling IV IV IV II
___. ~___ _
Ammonium Hydroxide 70 I I I
Blood 70 I I I
Buttermilk 70 I I I
IV I IV I
Copper Chloride 10% 70 IV
(Cupric Chloride) IV
Copper Nitrate 10% 70 II II I I
(Cupric Nitrate) I I
Cottonseed Oil 70 I
(continued)
442 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
Propane iooyr I I
Turpentine 70 I I I
Uric Acid 70 II II II
___ ~~
Vegetable Oils 70 I I
UNILOY@ 15-5, a precipitation hardening stainless Uniloy 15-5 exhibits lower corrosion resistance
steel, offers a broad range of mechanical properties but higher stress-corrosion cracking resistance.
for a variety of applications, particularly those When hardened at H 1025 condition and tested in
that require high transverse strength and toughness. boiling 65% nitric acid, the corrosion rate is 0.127
inches per year (3.2 mm/year); in 1% hydrochloric
TYPICAL ANALYSIS (inweight percent)
acid at 100°F (38°C) the rate is 0.083 inches per
Carbon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.07 Max.
Manganese.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 .OO Max. year (2.1 mm/year); exposure in 5% salt fog at
Silicon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.00 Max. 95°F (35°C) for 10 days results in 0 to 5% rust.
Sulfur.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.03 Max.
Phosphorus.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.04 Max.
Chromium.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14.00-15.50
Nickel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.50-5.50
Copper.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.50 - 4.50
Columbium plus Tantalum.. . . 0.15 - 0.45
UNILOY 17-4 is a unique stainless steel. It is mar- Uniloy 17-4 has a high resistance to corrosion. It
tensitic and magnetic, capable of precipitation or stands up to corrosive attack better than any of
age hardening to various levels of hardness and the hardenable stainless steels ( martensitic) and
strength. It is normally purchased in the annealed is comparable to Type 304. It is used regularly in
condition and because of its great stability, it can such industries as chemical processing, dairy, pe-
be machined very near finished dimensions prior troleum, food processing, paper and marine.
to heat treatment (900” to 1150”).
YYPE ANALYSIS
TABLE 4.13: VARIOUS STAINLESS STEELS AND HIGH NICKEL ALLOYS-CLIMAX MOLYBDENUM
18Cr-2Mo
260-l MO
1704
1200
NF
NF
4
5
l
Grwald,R. F. TAPPI, Vol. 56, p. 129 (1973).
‘Bond, A. P., Marshall, J. 0.. Dundas, Ii. J. STP No. 425 ASTM,
Philadelphia, p. 116 (1948).
(continued)
Ferrous Alloys 445
TABLE 4.13: VARIOUS STAINLESS STEELS AND HIGH NICKEL ALLOYS-CLIMAX MOLYBDENUM bnt’d)
260-l MO - C
Service Performance of an Austenitic-Ferritic Stainless Steel*
28Cr4Mo R R
M~terlal 3RE60
28Cr4Mo-2Ni R R Application Conditions Failed P*rf0rlnalU*
Titanium R R Desaltmg Crude 011 BOO-900 ppm CI- Type 304 5 years,
pH = 6.7, 75.195 c Falled by no attack
* Streicher, M. A. Corrosion, Vol. 30, p. 77 (1974). RreSSCO~rOSlO”
* Lizlovs, E. A. Climax Molybdenum Co. of Michigan, personal * Bond, A. P. Climax Molybdenum Co. of Michigan, Private
communication (1973). communication (1970).
[The tables above have been reprinted from Materials Performance, Vol. 13, No. 9, pp. 9-16 (1974) September.]
(continued)
446 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
TABLE 4.13: VARIOUS STAINLESS STEELS AND HIGH NICKEL ALLOYS-CLIMAX MOLYBDENUM bnt’d)
“20” Wrought material is Carpenter 20; Note: The compositions of corrosion media reported are those given by
castings correspond to ACI CN-7M the cooperating companies and do not always total 100%.
Test
Corrosion mediums conditions Average corrosion rates (spy)
99%. water l%, acldlty as acetlc acid 0.014%. Chemical F 150 609 rlll nil
phosphates trace, pH 2.3
99%. ethylene oxide 0.85% methyl formate 0.15% Chemical F 144 a37 ml
99.01% ethylene oxrde 1.92% carbon dloxlde Chemrcal F 150 147 rut ml
0.07%. krotonaldehyde 0 0%
98%. low boilers 2% (secondary oxrdatron) Chemical <o 0001’ <0.0001 <o 0001
(dlstlllatmni
95%. methyl formate 3%. methyl acetate 2% Chemical F 140 805 fill ml
93%. carbon dwde 6%, dlmethyl ether 5%, Rayon F 142 1158 <0.0001 <0.0001 <0.0001
methyl formate 4%. butane 2%
(continued)
Ferrous Alto ys 447
TABLE 4.13: VARIOUS STAINLESS STEELS AND HIGH NICKEL ALLOYS-CLIMAX MOLYBDENUM hmt’d)
Acefaldshyda mixtures
80%. acetic acid 8%. lormlc acid 0.3%. water Chemical f 220 357 x xx <0.0001 <0.0001
rematnder
75%. wyl acetate 20%. acetlc acid 5% Rayon f 239 664 -~ xx O 0006 0.0002 0 0002
75%, methyl formate l4%, methyl acetate 10.5%. Chemical F 158 805 x x ml rlll
water 0.3%. acetlc acid 0.2%
70%, acetic acid 14.5%, water 15%, formic acid Chemical F 210. 84.5 x xx 0.0001
0.5% 215
701, acetx acid 14.3%, lormlc acid 0.3%, water Chemical F 245 169 x xx 0.0046a 0.0007
remamder
70X, acetlc acid 8%. low boilers 3%. water re- Chemical F 220 100 - x’ WI 0 0001
mamder
70%. acetone 10%. methyl formate 8%, methyl Chemical F 158 133 x x <o 0001 <0.0001
acetate 7X, vmyl acetate 5%
70%. methyl formate 10%. methyl acetate 8%, Chemical F 190 610 - x nd illI
acetone 7%, wnyl acetate 5%
70%. acetone. methanol, higher alcohols and Chemical F 160 349 - xx IllI
oxldes. water 2%
50%. acetic acid 12%. low boders 3%. water Chemical F 198 246 - x ml IllI
remamder
50%. acetlc acid 10%. low bodets 3%, water Chemical F 198 81 - x <0.0001 llll
remamder
SO%, combmed organxs 45% ketone. methanol, Chemical F 195. 265 x xx <0.0001 <0.0001
trlmethylene oxide. etcl, sodurn acetate 1000 200
ppm approximately. formaldehyde 500 ppm ap-
proximately. some resmous matter, water 5%
4.5%, acetaldol 40%, water 10.15%. high boilers Chemical F 80 1025 - x rlll rlll
4.5%
42%. water 30%. IndIrect acidtty 23%. formic Chemical F 216 510 - - <0.0001 <0.0001
acid 4%, acetic acid 0.5%
40%. acetone, methanol, water and ethyl alcohol Chemvzal 176 456 - <o 0001 IllI
together 60%
40%. acetone. methanol and glycol together 50. Research L 176 542 - x nd a IllI
60”,. lormaldehyde 2000 ppm max
40%. combmed orgamcs 40% k~cetone, methanol. Chelnlcal F 230 265 x xx ._ 0 0001 <0.0001
oxldes etch. lormaldehyde 2000 ppm approw
nlately sodwm acetate 1000 ppm approximately.
pii 5560
37%. acetone. water, methanol and ethyl alcohol Chemical 176 456 - ~-00001 \o 0001
together 60’0
36.92%. water 62%. lormlc acid 1.07%. propyl. Chemical F 195 II6 -- xx 0 28 0011
ene oxtde 0.01% PH 2.3
35%. water 40%. acetic acid 6% low boders Rayoll f II7 335 - xx 0000l1 0 0001
5”, (methyl formate 20.60%. methanol, methyl
acetate and acetone), formic acid 1%
(continued)
448 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
TABLE 4.13: VARIOUS STAINLESS STEELS AND HIGH NICKEL ALLOYS-CLIMAX MOLYBDENUM hnt’d)
Test
Corrosion mediums conditions Average corrosion rates (ipy)
r’ p
35%. water 38%, crotonaldehyde and aldol 24%, Chemlcat F 225 183 - xx ml nil
phosphoric acid, sodium phosphate
35%. water 38%. crotonaldehyde 24%. phos-Chemical 410 147 - x nil nil
phoric acid, sodium phosphate and unidentified 3% :
30% approximately. water 67%, formic acid I Chemical F 210 11.6 - - 0.13 0.003
I ll%, methyl lormate and propylene oxide :
29.5%. water 45.4%, crotonaldehyde 21.9%. hexa- i Chemical F 220 449 - xx i <0.0001 <0.0001
dlene aldehyde 1.3%, butyl butyrate <1.3%, :
butyric acid <0.6%
20%. acetone 22%. r.butanol 20%, ethanol 15%, : Chemical jF 150. 508 - xx : 0.0013c O.OOOla
isopropanol 10%. water 6%, acetals 3%. acidity 230
0.5%. n-proponal 0.3%, carbonyls 0.2%
20%. low boilers 3% (methyl acetate, methyl Chemical F 140. 174 - xx 0.0001 0.0001
lormate. etc), water remainder 142
5%. r-butanol 29%, ethanol 21.9%. isopropanol Chemical F 126. 508 xx xx <O.OOOla <0.0001
17.1%. water 12.6%. carbonyls 4.1%. acetone 140
3 94%. methanol 3.7%, n.propanol 1.3%, acetals :
1%. acidity 0.36%, formic and acetlc acids traces i
TABLE 4.13: VARIOUS STAINLESS STEELS AND HlGH NICKEL ALLOYS-CLIMAX MOLYBDENUM bnt’d)
Test
Corrosion mediums conditions Average corrosion rates (ipy)
*ca*,c *cd
90%. commercially pure acetic acld (bottom of Chemical F R.T. 13.8 <0.0001 0.0001
storage tank) Isolvents) <0.0001’
67%, water 33% Rayon F 212 377 - ;xx 0.002 0.001 0.0015
(continued)
450 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
TABLE 4.13: VARIOUS STAINLESS STEELS AND HIGH NICKEL ALLOYS-CLIMAX MOLYBDENUM
hnt’d)
99.98%, water 0.017%, sulfur trioxide trace Chemical F 224 25 x xx 0.0033 0.0013
99.9X, dichromate added over one 24.hour permd, Chemical F 222 18 - x 0.0039a 0.0024a
water <O.l%
99.9%, dlchromate added over one 24.hour period. Chemical F 222 13 - xx 0.0013 0.001
water <O.l%
99.9%. prop~oruc acid and water traces Chem!cal F 245 36 0.06r O.OOBr 0.004
99.9%. prop~on~c actd and water traces Chemical F 245 93 0.082 0.03r
99.7%. water 2% manganese acetate 0.1% Chemical F 253 29 ‘(x 0.001 0.0026 0.0008
99.7%. water 2%, manganese acetate 0.1% Chenwal F 248 40 xx 0 0008 0.0002 0.0007
99.7%. prop+omc acid. isobutyrk and n-butync Chemical F 255 21 - xx 0.0058 0.0005 0 0005
acids traces (column)
99.6%. water 03.0.4%. acetaldehyde 0.02%, Chemical F 216 106 - xx 0.00032 0.0001
some chromate added
99.5%. waler 0 45%. sallcylates 0 05% (column, Pharmaceu F 234 42.5 x xx 0 005* 0.0041 0 003 00022
vapors1 tlcal
99.49%. water 0.04%. mineral acid trace, no Chemical 211 25 x xx 0.0055b 0.001 la
sulfur trloxlde
99.49%. water 0.04%, mineral acid trace, no Chemical 215 71 0.0036b 0.0006a
sullur trloxkde. chromate added
(continued)
Ferrous A /loys 451
(amt’d)
TABLE 4.13: VARIOUS STAINLESS STEELS AND HIGH NICKEL ALLOYS-CLIMAX MOLYBDENUM
Test
Corrosion mediums conditions Average corrosion rates (ipy)
*’
- E
99.49%. water 0.04%. mineral acid trace, no Chemical : . 211 71 - f 0.0043b 0.00052a
sulfur trioxlde
99.43%. water 0.04%. mineral acid trace Chemical : 215 25 x xx 0.0038 0.0023 .
99.43%. water 0.04%. mineral acid trace Chemical : 215 71 - .. O.OW79a 0.00036 .
99.43%. water 0.04%. mineral acid trace, chro. chemical j 220 71 xx . 0.0003 <0.0001
mate added
99.43%. water 0.04%, mineral acid trace, chro. f 230 aa .. x 0.00067 0.00043
mate 35 lb/day
99.43%. water 0.04%, mineral acid trace, sulfur 1 215 25 x xx 0.0038a 0.0023
trloxtde trace
99%. high boilers 1.2%. water 0.05% Chemical :F 228 28 - xx 0.0024a O.WO41a
99%, high boilers. 0.5%, water 0.5%, carbon de- Chemical !F 311 171 - x 0.0027d 0.00108d
posit on all specimens, pressure 40 psig L0.00108d
99%, acetic anhydride 1%. pressure 2 psig Chemical iF 250 638 - x 0.00071 0.00062a
SS%, water I%, acetic anhydride trace Rayon :F 235 720 - xx 0.0016 0.0012 O.Wlla
9499%, high boilers l-2%, water 0.017% Chemical iF 228 23 - x 0.00084 0.00053
9999%. high boilers 1.2%. water 0.017%. dichro- Chemical ; F 235 00 x 0.0019a 0.00092
mate 35 lb/day
9C99%. high boilers 1-296. water <0.1X Chemical :F 228 40 - xx 0.0004 0.0002 o.OW2 0.0002
99.99%, high boilers l-2%, water <O.l%, di- Chemical : F 229 75 - x 0.0007 0.0006
chromate 50 lb/day
9&99X. high boilers l-2%, water <O.l%, di- F 228 13 - xx 0.0017 0.0026
chromate 100 lb/day
99%. esters, high and low boilers, propionic acid Chemical :F 240 72 - xx 0.002a 0.002a
trace
SE%, glycol diacetate 1.9%. water O.l%, dichro- Chemical : F 252 43 - xx 0.0001 o.WO4
mate trace
99%. sahcylates 1.5%. water 0.5% fevaporator Pharmaceu : F 265 2 x xx 0.017’ O.OQl1 0.0009 0.0024
vapors) tical
(evaporation)
99%. light ends, esters, etc together 2% Chemical F 235 73 xx 0.002 0.0009 .. .
~9.4%~ propionic acid 3.1%, acetic anhydride Chemical F 248 50 ; 0.008 0.0006 o.w4
0.5%
99%. propionic acid 3.1%, butyric acid 1%. nitric i Chemical 170 54 u o.ooo2 0.0004 0.0004
acid 1% 284
(continued)
452 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
TABLE 4.13: VARIOUS STAINLESS STEELS AND HIGH NICKEL ALLOYS-CLIMAX MOLYBDENUM bnt’d)
Test
Corrosion mediums conditions Average corrosion rates (ipy)
91.96%, water 6.69%, salicylic acid OS%, Pharmaceu- f 246 58 x xx i 0.021 0.014 0.005 0.005
naphtha 0.5% (vapors) j tical
91.60%, water 7.46%, salicylic acid (vapors) ; Pharmaceu- f 250 37 xxx; 0.009’ 0.0012 0.0011 0.001
tical
9t%, Propionic acid 6.596, acetic anhydride 1.5%, i Chemical f 248 36 ,. ; O.O65r 0.007r 0.001
water 1%
90%, manganese acetate lo%, water 0.5%. man. j Rayon : f 259 96 - xx ; 0.0004 0.0002 0.0003
ganese dioxide 0.15%. permanganate added
90%. manganese acetate 1056, water 0.5X, man- I Rayon I F 259 75 - xx j 0.0006 0.0003
ganese dioxide 0.15%, permanganate added
90%. manganese acetate 10%. water 0.5%, man. i ftayon ;F 72 - xx ; 0.0024 0.0016 0.0015
ganese dioxide 0.15%, permanganate added
90%. manganese acetate 10%. water 0.5%, man- i Rayon ; f 259 72 - xx ; o.OOO3 0.0002 0.0004
ganese dioxide 0.15%. permanganate added O.OOl 0.0007
90%, water remainder, high boilers trace f Chemical ; f 300. 23 - xx i 0.0047 co.002
. 310
67%. acetic anhydride 1396, pressure 4 psig i :f 270 638 - x : 0.00073a O.OOQ36
: Chemical
65%. acetaldehyde 2%, diacetyl 1%. glycol di- : Chemical ; F 240 12 xxx; 0.0006 0.0002
acetate, oxygen trace
65%. acetaldehyde 2%, diacetyl I%, glycol di. i Chemical i f 240 12 x xx 0.0002 0.0004
acetate. oxygen trace
65%. acetaldehyde 2%. diacetyl 1%. glycol di- i Chamrcal j f 235 2 - xx 0.0005 0.0011
acetate 1%. dichromate 0.1%. water remainder, f
pH 1.4-1.6
65%. acetaldehyde 2% diacetyl l%, glycol di. i Chemical ; f 235 7 - xx 0.0033 o.Om3 .. .
acetate 1%. dichromate 0.1%. water remainder, f
pH 1.4-1.6
65%. acetaldehyde 2%. glycol dlacetate I%, di- i Chemical ; f 240 35 - xx : corr 0.312 0.117
acetyl l%, unknown reducmg agent trace (pas- :
slbly sulfur dioxide). waler remainder. pH 1.2 i
65%, acetic anhydride 10%. water 5%. acetone, : Chemical : f 239 875 - xx 0.0036 0.0008 0.0007 0.0004 0.0003
acetonitrlle. ammes. etc (vapor line, column)
(continued)
Ferrous Alloys 453
TABLE 4.13: VARIOUS STAINLESS STEELS AND HIGH NICKEL ALLOYS-CLIMAX MOLYBDENUM bnt’d)
Test
Corrosion mediums conditions Average corrosion rates (ipy)
85%. water 5%. acetaldehyde 12% (bottom of i Chemical F 194 35 xx x ! 0.0013 0.0003 0.0003 o.OW2 0.0019
oxidizer) 0.0014 0.0018
75%. glycol diacetate 16%, water 9%, acetat- F 300 15 xxx: 0.386 0.0358 .. . ...
dehyde 1.6%, diacetyl 0.8%. sodium sulfate and
acetate 0.6%. unknown reducing agent trace
75%. glycol diacetate 16%. water 9%. acataf- F 300 12 xxx: O.W35a 0.0001
dehyde 1.6%. diacetyl O.E%, sodium sulfate and
acetate 0.6%, unknown reducing agent trace
74.68%. water 24.97%, naphtha l%, salicylic acid Pharmaceu- F 226 57.5 x x I >0.105 0.032 0.01 0.01
0.27% (vapors) tical
fdistillation)
74.66%. water 24.97%. naphtha 1%. salicylic acid Pharmaceu F 226 45 x x : corr 0.077
0.27% (vapors) tical
Idistillation)
74.66%, water 24.97%, naphtha l%, salicylic acid Pharmaceu- F 226 28 x xx i 0.0004 0.0004 0.0004
0.27% (vapors) tical
fdistillationl
72%, glycol diacetate 16%, water 9%, diacetyl Chemical F 300 35 - xx : corr 0.128a 0.0528a
0.8%, sodium acetate and sulfate 0.6%. unknown
reducing agent trace
72%. glycol diacetate 16%. water 9%, acetal- ! Chemicpl .F 300 26 x xx : 0.0002d <O.OWl
dehyde 1.6%. diacetyr I%, sodium acetate and :
sulfate 0.6%
66X, water 30%, light ends 5% Chemical ; F 225 32 - x; corr 0.007 0.0025
64.6%. nitric acid 33.2%, water 1.6%, nitrogen f Chemical .F 179 32 - - 0.0002 0.0003 0.0004 0.0005
tetroxide 0.6% s0.0003
10.0003
64%, nitric acid 25%. water 11% Metal ‘F 110 61 x x <O.OOOl 1<0.0001 <0.0001
fcleaningl s0.0001
60%. water 35%, propionic acid 4%, butyric Rayon F 217 381 - xx j 0.0001 O.WOl o.ow2
acid 1%
69%. acetic anhydride 40% Chemical i F 25F 718 - xx i 0.01 0.001 0.0009
275
60%. hydrocarbons 18%. esters 9%, carbon Chemical : F 356 300 x xx i 0.009 0.004
monoxide 8%, water 5%
Sg-tO%. acetic anhydride l-40%, sulfuric acid Chemical 75 x xx ; <0.0001 <0.0001 ... nil
0.25.4% ; F 12:
57.5%. sulfuric acid 30.3%. water 12.3% (liquid Plastic jF 104 74 x _: <O.OOOl <O.OWl <0.0001
line1
55.5%. water 43.48%, naphtha 1%. salicylic acid Pharmaceu- F 219 57.5 x ‘X 1 0.025 0.0016 0.0013 0.0017
0.016% tical
55%. glycol diacetate 40%. sludge (manganese Chemical F 310 97 - xx : 0.W5a O.Wl7a
acetate and resin) 4.g%, steam injection, water
0.1.0.2%
51%. propionic acid 29.5%. acetic anhydride Chemical F 275 97 j 0.032 0.014r ... ...
11.5%, propiooic anhydride 7.5% (continued)
454 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
TABLE 4.13: VARIOUS STAINLESS STEELS AND HIGH NICKEL ALLOYS-CLIMAX MOLYBDENUM hw’d)
Test
Corrosion mediums conditions Average corrosion rates (ipy)
51%. propmnlc acid 29.5%. acetic anhydride Chemical f 275 0.01 0.007 co.007
11.5%, proptomc anhydride 7.5%
50%. water 20%, esters 12%. carbon monoxide Chemrcal :F 356 258 xx xx 0.002 0.001
lo%, hydrocarbons 5%
50%. water 20%, esters 12%, carbon monoxide Chemical F 356 300 xx YX 0.0004 0.0003
lo%, hydrocarbons 8%
50%. water 25%, ethyl acetate 7%, various i Chemical F 131 360 - x <0.0001 <0.0001
esters, ketones and alcohols together?%, methyl :
acetate 5%. methylethyl ketone 4%, acetone 2% i
50%. water 25%, carbonyls and esters 25% i Chemical F 125 108 x- nil nil “II
50%, acetic anhydride 50%. some peracetic acid I Chemical : F 228 140 - xx 0.0005 <0.0001
and ethyhdene acetate (column, liquid header) : ffractiona-
i tion)
45%, vinyl acetate 40%, acetaldehyde 12%, ace- Chemical / : F 220 609 x nil nil .
tic anhydrrde 2%, light ends I%, acetone trace :
40%. butane 20%, ethyl acetate 8%, propionic I Chemical F 356 220 xx 0.03 0.007 ..
acid 6%, pentane 5%, methylethyl ketone 5%, j
other esters and ketones
40%. butane 20%. ethyl acetate 8%, propmnic ’ Chemrcal F 347 216 x xx 0.003 0 002 0.002
acid 6%, pentane 5%, methylethyl ketone 5%.
other esters and ketones
40%. butane 20%. ethyl acetate 8%, propiomc Chemrcal F 347 216 x xx 0014 0.0013
aud 6%. pentane 5%. methylethyl ketone 5%,
other esters and ketones together 16%
40%. vmyl acetate 40%, acetaldehyde 15%, ace. i Chemical .F 194 150 x 0.06 0.0015
tic anhydride
40%, ethyl propionate 60% during 16 days, : Chemical 212 52 xx : 0.0004a 0.0002a
water 95% and mixed alcohols 5% during 36 :
days
40%, butane 25%. esters 15%. carbonyls 15%, : Chenucal : F 345 108 x x 0.0624~ 0.0071h
water 5% so.oo92c
35%, r..-butyl acetate 40%, n-propyl acetate 8%. Chemical i : F 235. 75 - x 0.0207 0 0092
Serbutanol 7%, .-propanol 7%, water 3%. tol- : 245
uene sulfonic acid 0.25%
35%. r.c-butyl acetate 40%, n-propyl acetate 8%, Chemical F 235. 92 - x 0.0912c 0.0312~ 0.0152~
r.c-butanol 7%. .-propanol 7%, water 3%, tol- 245 0.0519c 0.0083c 0.0067a
uene sulfonic acid 0.25%
30%, acetaldehyde 3%. water remainder I Chemical F 110 129 x x <0.0001’ <O.OOOl <0.0001
30X, acetaldehyde 0.5%, water remainder : Chemical -F 100 129 x x <0.0001’ <0.0001 <0.0001
30%. light ends 20%, water remainder I Chemical F 185 321 xx x 0.051 0.0009 0.0002
30%. r.c-butyl acetate 42%. .-propanol 18%, Chemrcal F 230 52 - xx 0.1735c 0.0512~
n.propyl acetate 9%, se<-butanol 7%. water 4%.
toluene sulfonic and sulfuric acid traces
(continued)
Ferrous Alloys 455
TABLE 4.13: VARIOUS STAINLESS STEELS AND HIGH NICKEL ALLOYS-CLIMAX MOLYBDENUM kont’d)
Test
Corrosion mediums conditions Average corrosion rates (ipy)
27%. high boilers 70%. water 3%, sulfuric acid ! Chemical F 280 28 x x 0.025 0.00043
used in hydrolysis, &chromate 28 lb/&y and soda
12 lb/day added
27%. high boilers 70%, water 3%, phosphoric Chemical f 280 12 x x: 0.0031a 0.00025
acid used in hydrolysis. no dichromate or soda
added
20%. water 78%. benzene 2% : Chemrcal : f 171. 214 - x 0.0008 (0.0001 ...
: 208
20%. water 30%. acelaldehyde remainder : Chenucal F 210 112 - I 0.0026 0.0007 0.0002
9.7%. high boilers 89.8%. water 0.5% i Chemical : 335 72 x xx 0.016 0.0032
4%. butane 56%. other organics 27%. nitrogen i Chemical : 356 220 x xx 0.001 0.0006 .. .
lo%, water 2%, carbon dioxide 1% .(
4%, butane 56%. other organics 27%. nitrogen I Chemical j 347 220 x xx 0.0007c 0.0004c ... ...
lo%, water 2%, carbon dioxide 1%
;e:S.j.75%, furfural 0.5-l% (vapors and conden- i Chemical ’F 208. 132 - ._ 0.0001 O.OQOl 0.0001 0.0001 0.0001
j 220
2.2%. methyl acetate 60%. water 18%. acetalde- ’ Chemical f 223 45 - xx 0.031 0.0077 0.01
hyde 5%. methyl acetate 4-5%, methanol 4%, ace- (distillation,
tone 2.5%, ethyl acetate 1.5% : secondary
oxidation)
2.1%, ethylrdene diacetate 25.50%, acetic acid Chemical f <300 14 x x 0.0003 0.0003
2.4%. vinyl acetate 1.2%. toluene sulfonic acid
0.2%
1%. water 98.4%, sulfuric acid 0.8% ! Chemical f 224 87 x xx 0.0132 0.0032 0.0041
; (distillation1
99.9%, water <O.l%, acetaldehyde 0.02%, for. _ Chenucal f 216 18.3 - xx 0.0033a O.OOlla 0.0021b
mic acid <0.01X, dichromate added over one : L0.0027a
24.hour period
99.9%. water <O.l%, acetaldehyde 0.02%, for- ! Chermcal f 216 40 - xx 0.0005 0.0004 0.0003 0.0002
mic acid <O.Ol%, no dichromate added
(continued)
456 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
TABLE 4.13: VARIOUS STAINLESS STEELS AND HIGH NICKEL ALLOYS-CLIMAX MOLYBDENUM bnt’d)
Test
Corrosion mediums conditigns Average corrosion rates (ipy)
99.9%. formic acid <O.Ol% : Chemical : F 216 15 - x 0.0035a 0.0021a 0.0027a 0.0017
S9.S7%, formic acid trace : Rayon ;F 244 243 - xx 0.00023 0.00017 o.OQO34
0.00019 0.00015
99.9%, waler 1.6%, permanganate 0.3%, formic i Chemical 248 40 xx 0.0018 0.0016 0.0019
acid 0.3%
99.8X, formic acid 0.02%, permanganate trace. i Rayon ; F 255 75 - xx 0.0025 0.0028 0.0022
no water
99.9-9096, formic and propionic acids in Water, I Chemical F 266 56 x xx 0.0355 0.0124 0.0044
areotropic solution
99.736, formic acid 0.02%, permanganate 0.03% Chemical F 248 152 - x 0.005 0.0004 0.0005
tdistdlatron. 10.0004
secondary
oxidation)
99.7%. permanganate <0.02%. formic acid ’ Chemical F 244 244 - x 0.0011 0.001
<O.Ol% tfractiona-
: tion.
secondary
oxidatron)
99.6%, formic acid 0.3%. water 0.1% (natural ’ Chemical F 272 20 x x 0.0058 0.0001 0.0001 0.0046 0.0002
circulahon evaporator) i (evaporatlonl
99.6%, acetaldehyde 0.02%, formic acid <O.Ol%, : Chemical : F 216 29 - xx 0.00076a 0.00015a
dichromate added 40 lb/day
99.6%, glycol dracetate O.l%, water <O.l%. Chemrcal F 290 436 - xx 0.0015 0.0015
formic acid. high boders and aldehydes remainder
99%. lormic acid 0.5%. waler 0.5% Chemical F 255 116 x x 0.03b 0.0023 0.0017
99%. water 0.6%, formic acid 0.2%, formalde- Rayon F 250 253 - xx 0.028 0.013
hyde 0.1%. propionic acid 0.1%
99.7X, propiomc acid 04%, lormic acid 0.3%, Rayon F 243 243 - xx 0.011 0.00043
high boders. manganese dioxide, butyric acid trace 0.0046 0.00031
91.5%. water O.l%, formic acid 0.01%. high Chemical F 275 75 - xx 0 0027
boders remainder 10.0022
99.2%. propionic acid 0.6%, water 0.4%, high Rayon F 248 243 - xx 0.0024 0.002
boilers 0.3%. lormic acld 0.2%. butvric acid 0.0021 0.0018
0.1 sb. some manganese droxide
98%. formic acid 0.2%, remainder unknown Chemical F 212. 6 xx <0.0001 <0.0001 0.0004
252 <0.0001 0.0002 0.0001
99%, proplonic acid 1%. water 0.7%, formic Rayon F 257 253 - xx 0.07 0.006
acid 0.2%. formaldehyde 0.1%
W-96.5%, formic acid 1.5%, waler l-1.5% Rayon 255 262 x x 0.015 0.01 0.006
97%. water 1%. formic acrd 2% Chemical F 240. 291 xx 0.0053c 0.0003 0.0002
284
97%. water 1%. formic acid 2% Chemtcal F 226 54 xx 0.0023 0.0028 0.0021
(continued)
Ferrous Alloys 457
TABLE 4.13: VARIOUS STAINLESS STEELS AND HIGH NICKEL ALLOYS-CLIMAX MOLYBDENUM bont’d)
Test
Corrosion mediums conditions Average corrosion rates (ipy)
97%. lormrc acid 1.5%. water 1.5% Chemrcal f 346 692 - x : 0.0021 0.0026
97%. lormic acid 1.3%. propionic acid I%, Rayon 225 362 - xx i 0.0069 0.0004 0.0006
heavy esters 0.5%. water 0.2%
97%. lormrc acid 1%. heavy esters 0.5%. water Rayon 246 382 - xx : 0.0035 0.0025 0.0015
0.2%. methylethyl ketone. elhyl acetate and hen-
me traces
97%. waler 0.7%. formic acrd 0.2%. lormalde. Rayon f 262 253 - xx j 0.03 0.0001
hyde 0. I Sh
9796’%. water 3%. lormrc acid 0.5% Rayon f 342 76 -. xx 0 055 0.005 .
965X, formrc acid 1.5%. esters l%,carbonyls 1% i Chemical j F 250 337 x ; 0.04 0.009 0.006
96%, formic acid 1.5% I Rayon :F 336 315 - xx : 0.016 0.008 0.013
0.003 0.0029 0.0015
96%, water 4%, formic acid trace, propionic acid i Rayon j 239 243 - xx i 0.0098 0.011
trace, permanganate injected at tray
95.4%. water 15%. formic acid 0.69%, propionic f : F 235 266 xx i 0.0002 0.0001 0.0001
acid 0.1%
95%. formic acid 1.5.3%. permanganate 0.5%. i Chemrcal : 230. xx ; 0.0027 0.0024 0.0015
remainder unknown : 291
95%, water 4%, formic acid 1%. high boilers j Rayon ;f 311 567 - xx : 0.0025 O.OQ58 0.0019
trace 0.0032 0.0089
0.012
95%. water, lormrc acid trace, high boilers re. j Chemical F 290 43 x x 0.0001 <O.OOOl
mainder
94%. water 3.4%, formic acid 2.3%. propionic j Rayon F 226 243 - xx 0.00049 <0.0001
acrd trace
94%. high boilers 5%. formic acid 1% : Rayon F 257 465 - xx 0.003 0.001 0.0007
0.006 0.001 0.0015
91.5%. water 6%, formic acid 2.5% _Chemrcal : 230 54 xx 0.0028 0.0005 0.0031
90.1%, water 6%, formic acid 1.75% i Rayon : F 235 266 xx ; 0.0002 0.0001 <0.0001
SO%, acetaldehyde 7%. water 3%, formic acid 1% j Chemical : 211 511 xx i <O.OOOld <O.OOOld
90%. water 8%. ethyl acetate 0.5%. unsaturates Rayon ; f 225 243 - xx : 0.031 10.0026
0.5%. methylethyl ketone 0.4%. propionic acid, I
formic acrd trace, biacetyl trace
69%. acetaldehyde 7%, water 3%. formic acid 1% Chemrcal 250 511 - - 0.006cd 0.0001 <O.OOOl
99%. lormrc acid 1%. propionic and butyric acids i Rayon j F 248 382 - xx : 0.0025 0.0004 .. . .
66.1%. water 10%. ethyl acetate 0.5%. unsatu- I Rayon IF 221 243 - xx i 0.0009 0.00051 0.00051
rates 0.5%. methylethyl ketone 0.5%, biacetyls : 0.00078 0.00031
0.196, formic acid trace, propionic acid trace i
67%, acetaldehyde 7%, formic acid 1X, low and I Rayon :F 252 756 - xx : 0.0027d <O.OOOld <0.0001
hrgh boders. water remainder
96.565%. butyric and propionic acids together ! Chemrcal : F 244 166 - x i 0.0068~ 0.00074 0.001
9%, formic acid 3%. water 15.3%. pressure 3 :
wig
(continued)
458 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
TABLE 4.13: VARIOUS STAINLESS STEELS AND HIGH NICKEL ALLOYS-CLIMAX MOLYBDENUM (mnt’db
Test
Corrosion mediums conditions Average corrosion rates (ipy)
85%. acetaldehyde 8%. low boders 2%. formic ! Chemical F 545 300 - x ml 0 0001
acid 0.759b, high boilers O.l%, water remainder 1
85%, acetaldehyde 7% water 5%. methyl acetate Rayon F 221 756 - xx 0.00011 <0.0001
and formate 2% formic acid 0.5% 0 00013
71.28%, acetaldehyde 7.37%, formic acid 1.96%. Chemical F 240 I35 - xx >o 12 0.0268 0 0009
water and low boilers remamder
65%. acetaldehyde 15% formic acid 3%. low Chemtcal F 245 558 x xx 0 0001 0 0001 0 0001
hollers 196, water remainder
65.60%. formic acid 2-2.5’S;, water remamder Chemical F 230 113 - x 0.0004a 0 004a
L0.0046a
62%. acetaldehyde 18%. formic acid 3% low Chemrcal F 235 179 x xx 0.0085 0 0001 0018
bollers I%, water remamder 0.002
62%. acetaldehyde 18%, formic acid 1.5%, low Chemical F 235 300 - xx 0.0018 o.opo3
boilers and water remamder
60%. acetaldehyde 20%. water 12%. methyl for- i Rayon F 221 756 - xx <O.OOl <o 001
mate and acetate 6%. formic acid 2%
60%. water 38%, formic acid 2% : Chemical iF 221 315 x 0.008 0.004
60%. water 35%. propionic acid 4%, formic acid ! Rayon F 226 536 - xx 0.0007 0.0005 0.0003 _,
i%. butyric acid 1%
60.55%. formic acid l-1.6%. methyl acetate Chemrcal F 220. 57 - xx 0.085 C0.05b
0.5%. water remainder 240 LO.076
60-509/o, water 25.30%. acetaldehyde 10.1596, in- Chemical F 217 511 x- <0.0001
direct acidity 3.4%, formic acid 3%
55.50%, formic acid 0.5%, esters, ketones. alto- Rayon F 365. 359 x x 0.006 0.0008
hols. aidehydes. butane, pentane. nitrogen, carbon 383
monoxide and carbon dioxide remainder
55.50%. formic acid 0.5%. esters, ketones, alcw Rayon F 356. 360 - xx O.Olc 0.0035
hols, aldehydes, butane, pentane. nitrogen, carbon 378
monoxide and carbon dioxide remainder
50.9%. water 43.2%. propionic acid 1.7%, formic / Chemical 221 452 xx 0.009 .
acid 1.7%, butyrlc acid 0.5%, high boilers LO.0108
50%. water 28%. ethyl acetate 4%. methylethyl ! Rayon ; F 208 525 - xx <0.0001 <0.0001
ketone 4%. propiomc acid 3%, alcohols 3%. di- :
methyl ketone l%, acetaldehyde 196, methyl for- f
mate 1%. formic acid 0.5%
50.30%. formic acid 2.10%. methyl formate 5%, Chemical : F 223 99 - x 0 0089 0.015
acetaldehyde. methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, ace-
tone. methanol, water remainder
(continued)
Ferrous A llo ys 459
TABLE 4.13: VARIOUS STAINLESS STEELS AND HIGH NICKEL ALLOYS-CLIMAX MOLYBDENUM bnt’d)
Test
Corrosion mediums conditions Average corrosion rates (iPY)
40%, water50%, acetaldehyde 8%, formic acid 2% : Chemical / 230 511 - x 0.0009 <0.0001
40%, formic acid 1.5.2%. acetaldehyde l%, low ! Chemical ;f 110 81 xx - <O.OOOl 0.0001
boilers trace, water remainder
40%, formic acid l-1.3%, water remainder ! Chemrcal ; F 242 277 x xx 0.023~ 0.0088b
40X, formrc acid 0.9.1.2%, water remainder Chemical : F 256 247 - XX : <0.0001 nil
40%. butane 20%. esters and ketones 16%, ethyl 1Rayon : F 338. 358 x xx 0.031 0.011
acetate 8%, pentane 5%, methylethyl ketone 5%, : 374
formic acid 0.5%
40%. butane 20%. esters and ketones 16%, ethyl Rayon F 338. 359 - xx j 0.006 0.002
acetate 8%. pentane 5%, methylethyl ketone 5%, 374
formic acid 0.5%
40.35X, formic acid 5.2% Chemical F 230 131 - x 0.018’ 0.0006 0.0006
40.30%. formic acid 4.1096, methyl acetate 0.5. : Chemrcal F 220 112 - x 0.0046 0.013
196, water remainder
40.30%. formic acid 1.1.5% : Chemrcal : F 220 106 - xx 0.019 0.0001 0.0002
: fdrstrllation
I secondary
: oxidation)
35%. formic acid 0.9.1.2%, water remainder : Chemical F 256 300 - xx 0.0089 0.0023
35%. formic acrd 0.9.1.2%. water remamder Chemical F 256 150 - xx : 0.0001 0.0007
35%. formic acid 0.9.1.2%. water remainder Chemical F 256 81 - xx 0.0079c 0.0038a
35.25%, formic acrd 0.&1.5%, water remainder j Rayon :F 262 433 - - 0.026 0 0058
33%. formic acid 66%, water I Chemical 255 511 - x 0.003d 0.002
33%. formrc acid 1.5%. water _Chemical F 270 246 x xx 0.0001 0.0001
33%, formic acid 1.5%, water : Chemical F 270 246 x xx O.OOOld c0.0001
30%, formic acid 8%, water remainder f Chemical F 275 112 - x 0.0045 0.0018
Uractiona-
I tron.
1 secondary
: oxidation)
30%. acetaldehyde 5%, formrc acid 4%. water j Chemical F 245 300 - x 0.0001 0.0001
remainder
30%, formic acid 1.2.1.6%. water remainder Chemtcal F 265 172 x xx 0.0202c 0.0065b
30%. formic acrd l%, acetaldehyde l%, water Chemtcal F 72 511 - - <O.oOOl <0.0001
remainder
28%. water 70%. formic acid 1%. proptonic Rayon F 208 382 - xx 0.003 <O.OOOl
acid 1%
(continued)
460 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
TABLE 4.13: VARIOUS STAINLESS STEELS AND HIGH NICKEL ALLOYS-CLIMAX MOLYBDENUM (-nt’d)
Test
Corrosion mediums conditions Average corrosion rates (iPY)
2536, formrc acid 4%, low boilers 1%. water Chemical F 220 117 >0.059’ 0 0033 0.002
remainder (drstillation,
secondary
: oxidation)
25%. formic acrd IS%, low boilers 1%. water Chemrcal F 220 129 - xx 0 0093’ 0.001 0 0003
remainder tdrstrllatron.
: secondary
oxidation)
25%. formic acid 1.5%. low boders 1%. water Chemical F 220 129 xx 0 0093’ 0001 0 002
remamder
25%. water 73 5%, tormrc acrd 1.5% Chemrcal F 212 315 x 0 008c 0.002 0001
21%, water 78%, formrc acid 1% Chemical F 239 229 xx 0.026 0.012
18%. water 81%, formrc acid l%, pressure 1 psig Chemical : f 208 167 - x O.lc 0.0145 0.0076
II%, water 82%. formic acid 1% I Chenucal F 210 436 x 0.0018 0.0007
10.0007
18%, ethyl acetate 35%, benzene 32%, low boilers i Chemrcal F 235 213 - xx 0.018 0.01
9.5%, formic acid 6.7%
18%, ethyl acetate 35%. benzene 32%, low borlers : Chemrcal F 194 696 - xx 0.0099 0.0024
9.5%. formic acid 0.39%. water 1.5%
1512%. formrc acid 0.3.0.4%. methyl acetate Chemical F 265 169 x xx 0.0001 0.0001 0.0001
<0.2%, methyl formate <O 2%, water remainder
12%. formic acid E-4%, water remainder Chermcal F 250 355 0.014 0.0023
12X, formrc acid M-3%. water remainder Chewal F 246 355 0.0006 0.0001
12%, formic acid 0.5%. water remainder Chemical F 280 169 x xx 0.014 0.0001 0.009
12X, formrc acrd 0.4%. water remamder Chemical F 280 169 x xx 0.0001 0.0001
10%. ethyl acetate 36%, methylethyl ketone 27%. Rayon 217 382 xx 0.034 0.0001
benzene 18%. water 6%. propionate esters 2%. 0.006
lormrc acid 0.5%, propIonic aud 0 5%
8%. water 87%. methanol 4%, formic acrd I%, Chemical F 240 227 x xx 0.02c 0 006b
methyl acetate, acetone
7.5%, water 65%. methanol 8%. esters 7.2%. i Rayon F 158 585 xx 0.0003 00001
acetaldehyde 2%. ethanol l%, formrc acrd 0.3X,
propronrc acid 0.2%
7%. waler 65%. methanol 7%. acetone 7%. Rayon F 191 706 xx 0.005c 0 0007
methyl acetate 3%. ethanol 2%. acelaldehyde 2%.
tormrc aud 0.5%
7.5%. water 91%. Indirect acidrty 1596, formic i Chemical 208 511 - x <o 0001 <0.0001
acid 1%. acetaldehyde 0.5%
6%. low boders 2%, formic acid I%, water i Rayon F 257 756 xx 0.00029d 0.00014
remamder 0.0002ld 0.00013
8%. methyl acetate 6%, methyl formate 1%. for- i Chemical F 250 95 - xx 0.0061a 0.0021
mic acid 0 5-O 75%, water remamder
8%. methyl acetate 6%. methyl formate l%, for- i Chemical F 230. 95 - xx 0.002a 0.0034a
mic acid 0.5.0.75%, water remainder 240 ~0 OOOla
(continued)
Ferrous Alloys 461
TABLE 4.13: VARIOUS STAINLESS STEELS AND HIGH NICKEL ALLOYS-CLIMAX MOLYBDENUM (amt’d)
6%, methyl acetate 6%, methyl formate 1%. for- Chemical F 175 179 - xx <o 0001
mlc aud 050.75%. water remamder
6.4%. methyl acetate 6% methyl formate l%, for- Chemical F 150 81 - x <o 0001 <o 0001
mic acid 0.5-0.7596, water remamder
4%. formic acid 0 25%. water remainder Chemical F 222 63 - xx 0.0002 0.0004
4%. formtc acid 0 25’%, water remamder Chemical F 217 417 - x 0.0013 0.00012
4%, formic acid 0.25%, water vapor Chemwl f 222 63 - xx 0.0002 0 0004
0.5%. acetaldehyde 35%. water 20%, formic acid 216 436 - - 0.006 0.003
3.5% 0.0015
0.4%. formx acid 1 6596, water remamdel Chemical F 230 40 - xx 0 0021d 0.0031d 0.0031d
L0.0037d
0 3%. formic acid 04%, solvent trace, water Chemical F 230 1025 - x ml
remamder
acetlc and formic suds, ethylene dlchlorlde, water Pulp and F 161 31 x 0 0107 0.0057 0.0049
Paper
mostly acetic acid. formic, propionic and butyrlc Petro- F 650 63 - x 0.019 0.0009
suds chemical 0.02
orgamc acids effluent cor;!ammg vapors of acetlc, Chemical F R.T. 75 xx xx i <0.0001 <0.0001
formic. butyrlc, propiomc suds. steam, hydrogen. 212
carbon dmxlde and ash
acetlc acid, ethanol, ethyl acetate, acetaldehyde, Chemical F 205 880 xx xx <0.0001 <0.0001 <o 0001 <0.0001 <0.0001
formic acid trace
acetlc acid, toluene 2 g/l, formic acid Textde F 210 10 - xx <O.OOOl <0.0001
ACETIC ANHYDRlDE
65%, ethybdene dkwetate 33%, acetlc acid 2% Chemical F 244. 254 - xx 0.0003 0.0001 0.0001
durmg 186 days, washed with water 98%. re- 323
mamder unknown, durmg 68 days
55%, ethyhdene dmcetate 40%. acetlc acid 5% Chemical F 302 150 xx 0.0003 0.0002
50%. ethyhdene dlacetate 40%. acetlc acid 5%, Chemical F 302 150 x 0.0003 0.0002 0.0001
sollds 5%
(continued)
462 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
TABLE 4.13: VARIOUS STAINLESS STEELS AND HIGH NICKEL ALLOYS-CLIMAX MOLYBDENUM bnt’d)
30%. ethyhdene dlacetate 65%. acetlc acid 5% Chemical F 158 150 x 0 0001 <0.0001 ... ...
15X, ethylldene dlacetate 65%. solids 20% ! Chemical IF 167 150 xx ; 0.0002 <0.0001 ... ...
acetic anhydrIde, acetlc acid, acetaldehyde, vmyl : Won F 302 888 - xx ; 0 002c 0.0001 ... ...
acetate
99%. acetlc aud 2%. petmanganate added 150 Chemical F 250. 718 - xx 0.014 0.002 0.001
lb/day 270
90%. acetic acid 20% : Chemical F 268 571 - x 0.009 0.0006 0.0004
70%, acetlc acid 30% Chemical F 273. 718 - xx 0.004 0.0008 0.0005
280
6536, acetlc acid 35% : Rayon F 160 207 - xx 0.0001 0.0001 <0.0001
60%, acetlc acid 40% Chemical F 284 1183 xx <o 0001 llll
L ml
60%. acetIc acid 407 0 Chemical F 266. 718 - xx 0.005b 0 0008 0 0006
277
60X, acetIc acid 40% Chemwal F 262 571 - x 0.02 0.001 0 0004
55%. acetlc acid 45% Chemical F 280 104 - x 0 0002 0.0001 ... ...
55%. acetlc acid 45% Chemical F 280 104 - x 0 0007 0.0002 ... ...
50%. acetIc acid 50% Chenwal F 284 150 xx 0.002 0.0009 ... ...
50%. acetic aud 50% Chewcal F 262. 718 - xx 0 007 0.001 0.0007
282
acetlc anhydrlde. crude acetIc acid Research L 246 II4 00711 0 0134
crude a&c anhydride. acetlc acid Research L 230 114 0 0485 0.0174
(continued)
Ferrous Alloys 463
TABLE 4.13: VARIOUS STAINLESS STEELS AND HIGH NICKEL ALLOYS-CLIMAX MOLYBDENUM (amt’d)
Test
Corrosion mediums conditions Average corrosion rates (ipy)
40%. acetlc acid 34%. water 20%. pressure Chemrcal F 1166. 0 0009a 0 00042a
15 psrg 1184
acetlc anhydrtde. glacral acetlc acrd. catalyst added Chemrcal F 1250 58 - xx 0 0021 0.0019
0 0006 0 0004 c0.0001
ACETONE MIXTURES
98%. mesltyl oxide, dlbutyl alcohol, water F 137 181 ~~ xx 000011 onnol
SO% approximately, olerc lmolelc acid remamder Soap F 145 rlll. 00001 ,..
Istill, half Immersed1 (solvent 0.0001
recovery)
83%, fatty acrds remainder (separator tank1 Soap F 32. 131 - - <0.0001 <0.0001
(solvent 72
60%. methyl acetate 30%, acetaldehyde 10%. pH 176 210 - x 0 0003 0.00038
5.0-6.0
45%. methanol 38%. methyl acetate 15%, water Chemrcal F 135 210 x xx rlll nil
2%. acetrc sod 0.1%
acetone vapors from drstilhng a 40% solutmn in : Plastic F 133 59 - <0.0001 <0.0001 <0.0001
water hn vapor llne from top of column) : tdrstdlatmnr
40%, water 60% Icolumn, 10 bottom pump dis- I Plastrc f 145 59 - x <0.0001 <o 0001 <o 0001
charge Imet ldistillatronl
26%. water 60%. methanol 13%, methyl acetate Chemrcal F 190 583 - x rlll
1%
16%, methanol 16%. methyl acetate 12%, acetal- Rayon 138 294 - xx <0.0001 <O.OOOl .
dehyde 3%, ethyl acetate 1%. ethanol 1%. methyl-
ethyl ketone
acetone, ethanol, ethyl acetate and solvent naphtha Textile F 70. 940 xx xx <O.OOOlb <OOOOlb .,.
mixture wth BP. 60.100 C 86 <O.OOOl’b
20X, water 80% durrng 480 days, water 97%, ace- Chemrcal F 165. 580 - x 0.0026 0.0016 .
tone 2%. caustrc 1% during 100 days 225
ACETONlTRlLE
ACETOPHENONE
66X, phenol 33% Phenol F 302 276 - xx 0.0003 <0.0001 <0.0001 <0.0001
ACETVLENE TETRACHLORIDE
acetylene tetrachloride (liquid and vapors) Chemrcal F 205 17.5 - x O.Olc 0.0085~
(continued)
464 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
TABLE 4.13: VARIOUS STAINLESS STEELS AND HIGH NICKEL ALLOYS-CLIMAX MOLYBDENUM bnt’d)
acetylene tetrachloride, trichloroethylene vapors, Chemrcal f 202. 30 - x 0.0028~ 0.0012b ... ...
aqueous hme 220
15%. methylethyl ketone 77%. water 8%. hydra- Sugar By. F 190 9 x x 0.016 0.005
chloric acrd trace fresrdue in evaporator consists product
of aconltic acid 50% and water 50%) IevaporatIon)
15%. methylethyl ketone 77%, water 8%, hydra- Sugar 8y- F 100 8.5 x x 0.005c 0.004c
chloric acid trace (residue rn evaporator consists product
of aconitic acid 50% and water 50%) (extractloo)
15X, methylethyl ketone 77% water 8%. hydra- Sugar F 70. 82 x x (0.0001 <0.0001
chlorrc acrd trace (residue m evaporator consists 100
of acomtic acid 50% and water 50%1
0.5X, calcrum chlorrde 12%, methylethyl ketone Sugar By- F 80 9 x x 0.0003d 00004d
8%, hydrochloric acid l%, water remamder product
fexfractronl
mother lrquor obtained alter one crystallization of Sugar F 80. 15.9 - - 0.0002’ <O.ooOI
the organic acid followed by removal of the acid 100 0.0001
crystals by centrrlugation
96%. methyl ether hydroqumone 1000 ppm Rayon :F 77 116 _ - <0.0001 <0.0001
45%, acetrc acrd 452, water 10% Rayon 150 20 xx xx 0.002 0.0009 0.002
AMYL Al.DE”YDE
*LK”L AMlNES
alkyl amines mtxed (hqurd and vapors) Metal L 212 31 nrl nil
alkyl amlnes. caustfc soda, sodwm nitrrte, metha- Chemrcaf F 70 27 x xx LO.0045 0.0012 c0.0007 0.003
nol, water
TABLE 4.13: VARIOUS STAINLESS STEELS AND HIGH NICKEL ALLOYS-CLIMAX MOLYBDENUM (cont’d)
Test
Corrosion mediums conditions Average corrosion rates (ipy)
alkyl phenol-boron-trifluorrde complex (vapors) Chemical F 201 9 x 0.032 0.047 0.008 0.006
alkyl phenol-boron-trrfluoride complex Chemical : F 201 9 x..: 0.021 0.011 0.004 0.003
Al.“MrN”M CHLORIDE
aluminum chloride, dust, solvent fumes (mainly Chemical f R.T. 30 xx xx : 0.0067’b 0.0004b
benzene) 0.0006b
aluminum-chloride dust, rulfurrc acid and bromine Chemical F R.T. 30 xx xx 0.004c 0.02c
vapors, mixture of many fumes (fan scroll1 lventrlatronl
aluminum chloride, some hydrochloric acid, pos- Petroleum F 225 44 - xx 0.0945a 0.111
sibly some moisture, tar residue from isomeriza- 250
tion unit with heavy hydrocarbons (immersed in tar
at bottom of vessel)
alummum chloride and hydrochlorrc acid, ethyl Chemical F 240 35 - x corr corr
benzene. ethylene benzene (bottom of reactor)
*L”MIN”M FL”OROS”LFATE
alummum-fluorosulfate concentrated water solu Chemical F 190 2.5 xx xx 0.016 0.011 0.0017
tron, solids 1535%, pH 1.52 fevaporatron)
12.7%. water solution, free nitric acid 3.OM Atomic L 176 7 - 0.0003
Energy
lO%, water solutron, ferric nitrate IO%, free Chemical L 400 *, __I 0.078’ 0.182
nitric acid 2-lo%, pressure 300 psi
10X, water solution, ferrrc rutrate 10%. free Chemical L 400 2 - xx : 0.36’ 0.545
nitric acrd 2.10%. pressure 300 psi
ALUUlNUM SULFATE
(continued)
466 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
TABLE 4.13: VARIOUS STAINLESS STEELS AND HIGH NICKEL ALLOYS-CLIMAX MOLYBDENUM (cmt’d)
Test
Corrosion mediums conditions Average corrosion rates (by)
28.2% Inltlally, 51.1% fInally. ferrous lo” <o 2%, Chemical F 225 44 x xx 0001 0 0008
ferric bon <O.l%, chromrc oxide trace mrtially,
alummum oxrde trace hnally
28.2% mrtkslty. 57.7% finally, ferrous Ion <0.2%. Chemical F 215 44 I xx 0 0009 0 0007
ferric 40” ~0.1%. chromic oxide trace initially,
aluminum oxrde trace finally
6.1%. sulfuric acid 25 g/l, iron 0.002% Research 1L 160 129 x I 0.0031 0.0018 : c ml
4%. sulfuric acid 3%, potassium chromium sul- Petroleum ;F 75- 60 x x: 0.007 0.003 <0.0001 <0.0001
late 90
aluminum-sulfate slurry, sulfuric acid 50% f Research : 1 260 >6 - x : 0.0002’ nil
AMINES
amines in water, sodium chloride, sodium hydrox- i Petroleum iF 260. 41 -.-.I 0.0004 0.0003 0.0003
ide 2%. organic chlorides and polymer, pressure : Imethyla- 268
50 psig Ireboiler kettle) mine
manufacture) I
aryl amines, hydroqumone, ferrous chloride 0.37%. Chemrcal F 320 98 - I. <0.0001 <0.0001 <0.0001
Iautoclave)
TABLE 4.13: VARIOUS STAINLESS STEELS AND HIGH NICKEL ALLOYS-CLIMAX MOLYBDENUM kont’d)
Test
Corrosion mediums conditions Average corrosion rates (ipy)
h 0’ $
f f - TWX 7”PE TIPL ALLOY
0” s $ 304 316 317 “20” 825
. . .
*miner
polyethylene ammes and fatty acids tcaustlc for Chemical F 510. 33 x xx 0 0003 0.0003
cleanmg kettles) 555
polyethylene ammes and fatty actds tcaustlc for Chemtcal F 510. 39 x xx 0 007 0 0004
cleanmg kettles) 555
AMYONIA
90% gaseous mixture wth hydrogen cyanide, car- Plastic F 221 30 : 0.0001c 0.0001 0 0001 0.0001
bon dioxide and water
26% ammoma vapor. carbon dioxide 14%. water Metal F 180 65 X xx <0.0001 <0.0001 <0.0001
remamder lstill overhead line) tdlstdlationl
22%. water 71%, carbon dloxlde 7%, ammonium Petro- F 150 300 X 0.0003 <0.0001 0.0004 <0.0001
mtrate trace, pressure 29 pslg (ammonia surge chemical SO.0076 s<0.0001
vessel, bottom) tsynthettc-
urea
manufacture)
20%, water solution of orgamc acids, methyl Chemical F 302. 300 - x 0.0001’ 0.015a
acrylates, ammonium carbonate. pressure 1000 PSI 320 0.0002
20%. water, low carbon dioxide (ammonia desorber, Petro- F 215 250 x x 0.0033 0.0006 0.0002 00002
vapors below liquid trapout tray) chemical so.0039 SO.0006
(synthetic-
urea
manufacture)
20%. water, low carbon dloxlde (ammoma desorber, Petro- F 150 250 x x 0.011 0.0016
liqwd and vapors above trapout tray) chemical so.019 so.003
kynthetlc-
urea
manufacture)
20%. carbon dloxlde 5%. water, ammomum ni- Petro- F 270 300 x x <O.OOOl <0.0001 <0.0001 <0.0001
trate, pressure 65 ps~g (absorber bottom) chemical s<0.0001 s<0.0001
lsynthetic-
urea
manufacture)
(continued)
468 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
TABLE 4.13: VARIOUS STAINLESS STEELS AND HIGH NICKEL ALLOYS-CLIMAX MOLYBDENUM bm’d)
Test
Corrosion mediums conditions Average corrosion rates (iPY)
Ammonia
12%. carbon dmxide 7%. water remamder (half Chewcal F 85 16 - xx 0.078 0.019 0.015
Immersed1 : lurea LO.151
manufacture)
12-10x. oxygen 8%. merts. pressure 100 pug Mmmg F 175 33 xx xx (0.0001 <0.0001
(second-stage leach autoclave. vapors1 s<0.0001 s<0.0001
10-B%, first stage of ammoma leaching 01 nickel : Mmng F 170 30 x xx 0.001 0.001
concentrates, nickel, cobalt, copper and ammo- so 001 so.002
mum sulfates; water solutmn. iron hydroxide and
sulfide pulp. some sulfur sesquioxide and sulfur
p-trloxlde, pressure 100 ps~g
9%. oxygen 14% saturated wth water vapor. Metal F 170. III x xx (0 0001 <0.0001
mtrogen remamder (leach autoclave. vapors) 180 so 0001 s0.0001
8% approximately, mckel, cobalt, copper and Metal F 175. 107 xx xx <0.0001 <0.0001
ammomum sulfates. water solution 150 g/l (auto- 180
clave)
8.4%. mckel. cobalt, copper and ammomum sol- Mlnmg F 207 22 -- xx 0.0002 0.0001
fates, water solution. solids as copper sulfide 2% SO.OOSb so.0002
E-4%, mckel, cobalt. copper and ammomum sol- Mmmg F 215. 34 - xx 0.0001 0.0001
fates, water solutlon, solids as copper sulfide 2% 225 so.005 S0.007b
(copper boil rebodet)
0.4%. mckel, cobalt, copper and ammomum sul- Metal F 215 95 - xx ‘_0.0001 <:0.0001
fates, water soluhon, solids as copper sulhde 2%. 225
vapors of ammoma 4.5% and water vapor (copper
boll reboilerl
5%. oxygen 9%. saturated wth water vapor, Metal F 170. 107 xx xx 10 0001 \o 0001
mtrogen remamdet (leach autoclave) 180 s<o 0001 s<0.0001
3.5% approximately. nickel, cobalt, copper and Metal F 200. 100 - xx j <O.OOOl <O.Lml
ammonium sulfates, pH 10.2 (stripping autoclave1 204 s<0.0001 s<o.O001
2.1%. water vapor. pressure lo-15 psig (strip- Mining :F 214 23 - xx : <0.0001 <O.OOOl
pmg autoclave) so.002 so.003
1%. ammoma liquor. hydrogen sulfide, trace of Coal By- F 155. 63 : <O.OOOl <O.OOOl
coal gas (tar decanter) product 175
0.5% fixed ammonia, ammoma still liquor, steam, Coal By F 230 144 x xx 0.0001c <0.0001c
calcium chloride, calcium sulfide, calcium cyanide, product
no free ammonia
(continued)
Ferrous Alloys 469
TABLE 4.13: VARIOUS STAINLESS STEELS AND HIGH NICKEL ALLOYS-CLIMAX MOLYBDENUM bnt’d)
ammonia liquor. steam, ammonium chloride, cya- Coal By F 240 <O.OOOla <O.OOOla
nlde and thiocyanate, hydrogen sulfide, calcium product
chlorrde, phenol. complex iron cyanide compounds
(bottom of free still)
ammoma vapors. hydrogen sulfide. carbon droxrde, Coal By- F 220 144 - xx <o 0001 <0.0001
phenols, hydrogen cyanide and steam (ammonia product
stdl. vapor outlet1
AMMONIA ANH”ORO”S
lrquld ammoma, ammonuon acetate, pressure 1200 Research L 483 0.2 - - 1.06 0.014
PW
liquid ammonia, amines. ammonium chloride, or- Petroleum F 190 90 - x 0.002c 0.0006~
ganic chlorides, polymer, pressure 850 psig
:L
saturated ammonium-bromide solution in liquid 68. 2 -- nil nil nil
ammonia 80
ammonia anhydrous. ethyl amine trace (column. Chemical .F 95 102 - xx : 0.0001 0.0001
vapors1
AMYONWM BICARBONATE
AMMONIUM CARBONATE
AMMONIUM CHLORlOE
75%. isoptopanol. water, sodrum chloride, ptf Chemical F 120 183 x x ! 0.0006~ <O.OOOlb <0.0001c <O.OOOlbd <O.OOOlbd
6.5.8 5 SO.OOOBb S0.0005a
75%. isopropanol. water, sodium chloride, pH Chemical F 120 12 x x I 0.0003 0.0002 0.0003 0.0002 0.0001
658.5 (transfer line) s0.0007 s0.0004
75%. rsopropanol. water, saturated with sodium Chemrcal F 120 13.5 x x : 0.0003a O.OOOla 0.0002a 0.0001 0.0001
chloride. some hydrochlorrc acid. some free salt, tfiltratlonl S0.0009a S0.0002a
pH 6.8 (top cover of filter tank.1
75%, rsopropanol, water, excess of sodium chlor. Chemical F 140 41 x xx 0.0005ad 0.0003ad 0.0003d 0.0002d <O.OOOl
Ide crystals, pH 5.7.5 (transfer line1 S0.0008ad S0.0005ad
33%. water 34%. zmc chloride 33% 1 140 33 __I 0.0013c 0.0001c
lS%, sodium chloride 8%, carbon dioxide 3%. Chemical F 86. 68 - x <0.0001 <0.0001
ammoma 2%. water (tubular gas cooler) 176
14.11%. water, some hydrogen sulfide, mercap Rubber F 194 11.5 - xx 0.0005c 0.0002
tans and a nonabrasive solid (Texas reactor) 0.0076
0.25%. recirculated water for scrubbing gases, Chemrcal F 120 8.5 xx xx 0.0006 0.0004 0.0004
free sulfurrc acid 0 2.0.43%. pH 1.6.10 (pipe line)
0.25%. recuculated water for scrubbing gases, F 120 11 xx xx 0.0004 <0.0001 co.0015
free sulfurrc acrd 0.2.0.43%. pH 1.6.10 (gas <O.OOOl’
scrubber)
(continued)
470 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
TABLE 4.13: VARIOUS STAINLESS STEELS AND HIGH NICKEL ALLOYS-CLIMAX MOLYBDENUM bm’d)
Test
Corrosion mediums conditions Average corrosion rates (ipy)
$ h
TYPL ,“PE T”Pl ALLOY
2 G
: g 304
-----
316 317 “20” 825
. .
ammonrum chlorrde, sodum sulhle Chemical F 140. 30 x <O OOOla <O.OOOla
147
45%, suspended ferrous titanate, bung concen- Mmmg F 230. 0 127 0011
trated (batch digester) 260 LO 101
15%. ammorwm hydroxrde excess. pli moderately Chermcal L 125 94 - xx <0.0001 <0.0001 <O.OoOI
basrc
66%. free ammonia 17%. water 17% Petroleum F R.T. 715 - x <o 0001’ <0.0001 (0.0001
65%. free ammonra 21.7%. water 13.3% Research 1 128 14. x 0 0284 0.0286
20 0.0127 ml
20X, water and carbon dloxrde traces, pressure Petro- F 290 300 x x <0.0001 <0.0001 <0.0001 <O.OQol
30 psrg (bottom of ammonra desorber, vapors) chemical s<0.0001 s<0.0001
Isynthetrc.
urea
manufacture1
24% approximately. sodrum chlorrde 23%, sodium Chemrcal 175 138 x xx c-0 0001 <0.0001 <0.0001
perchlorate 7 6%. sodium chlorate 0.2%. pH 4.8
Icrystalhzer)
(continued)
Ferrous Alloys 471
TABLE 4.13: VARIOUS STAINLESS STEELS AND HIGH NICKEL ALLOYS-CLIMAX MOLYBDENUM (cont’d)
Test
Corrosion mediums conditions Average corrosion rates (ipy)
ammonium monophosphate, saturated water solu Chemtcal F 82 150 - - <O.OOm’ <0.0001 <OOOOl .,.
tion
ammonium sulfate, saturated water solution, sul- Coal By F IOO- 33 - x <O.wol <o 0001
(uric acid 5% product 116
40% approximately, hydrogen sulfide, free am- Muting F 140. 1 -- 0.03b S0.03b
monia trace tautoclave. vapors) 160 S0.24b
30% apprOXimately. sulfuric actd 0.75%. ammonia Chemtcal F 150. 6 x xx 0.339.c 0.024
added with the acid, and 20% ammonium sulftde 200 0.75c
2 gal/600 gal approximately of reacted solution
36%, sulfuric acid IO%, sulfur droxrde 0.3% Chemrcal 180 25 x x 0.0075c 0.0014
ammonium sulfate, sulfuric acid (vapors) : >230 9 -xx! O.oool 0.0001 0.0001 0.002
i Chemica’
ammonium sulfate, sulfuric acid (filter) i Chemical i 125. 77 - xx 0.0035a 0.00014 0.0007 C<O.WOl
: 145
ammonium sulfate, sulfuric acid tcrystallixer) 145. 77 - x 0.032 0.004 <0.0001 c<0.0001
i Chemical :: 165
ammonium sulfate, sulfuric acid (crystallizer) i Chemical 155. 77 - x 0.002 0.001 0.001 C<O.OWl
: 175
ammonium sulfate, sulfuric acid, ammonia Chemical ; .>230 9 - xx 0.0003 0.0005 0.001 c0.0004
0.042
wo.01
ammonium-sulfate slurry, sulfuric acid 412%, Coal By 221 15 - x 0.04 0.045 CO.008
ammonia product
ammomum-sulfate slurry, sulfuric acid 1.4% i Chemical ;F 212 36 xx x <0.0001 <O.OoOl <0.0001
(continued)
472 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
TABLE 4.13: VARIOUS STAINLESS STEELS AND HIGH NICKEL ALLOYS-CLIMAX MOLYBDENUM bm’d)
Test
Corrosion mediums conditions Average corrosion rates (iPY)
P
r-‘
TIPE TYPE ,“PL ALLOY
# 304 316 317 “20” 625
. -----
35%. ammoma 0.5%. ammonium sulfide 0.1% Chemical f 230 31 xx 0.0002 <0.0001
lbotler)
30%, ammonwm.thlocyanate vapors. pli 5 7 ap- Coal By. F 154 17 x ‘ 00001 to 0001
proximately (outlet from evaporator) product
20% approximately. coke-oven gas tammonlum- Coal By- F 118. 61 x 0 0006’ <0.0001
thiocyanate scrubber) product 133
ammomum thlocyanate, hydrocarbons, water vapor. Coal By- f 212 16 xx xx 0 044c 0.0002a
toluene product O.OOlc
AYYL ALCOHOL
12X, sodrum oleate 58%. water 189,, amyl chlo- Chemical F 340 154 x 00001 00001
rides 10%. amylene 2% durmg 77 days, sodwm
oleate 58%. sodwm chloride 25%. sodwm hy-
droxide 19, and water during 77 days fslde near
bottom of dIgester)
AMYL C”LORlDE
amyl.chlorlde brme. sodium hydroxide 0 35”, Chemical F 175 !20 x x 00001 0 0001
iamylene column)
amyl chlorides mrxed, sodrum chloride. traces of Chemvzal F R.T. 50 x xx <00001 <0.0001
hydrochloric actd. ferric chloride and water tplpel
amyl chlorides mlxed. traces of hydrochtorlc acid, Chemical F R.T. 50 x xx 0.0044 0 0032
ferric chloride and water [pump discharge)
TABLE 4.13: VARIOUS STAINLESS STEELS AND HIGH NICKEL ALLOYS-CLIMAX MOLYBDENUM (am’4
Test
Corrosion mediums conditions Average corrosron rates (ipy)
amyl mercaptan. ethanol. water, amyl chlorrde. hy- Chemrcal F 212 69 0 OOOla 0 0001
drogen sufhde trace (top of column. vapors) ldrstrllationl wo0009
amyl mercaptan. sodrum hydrosulfrde, amyl chlo- Chemical F 285 40 0.105 0.061 coo095
rrde. ethanol, water, sodrum chlorrde. pressure WO 161 wo 086
250.300 psrg
amyl mercaptan. ethanol, brrne. amyl chloride. Chemrcal F 230 69 0.0001c O.OOOlb
dramyl suffrde. hydrogen sulfide trace fdrstrllationl wo 0005 W0.0005a
amyl mercaptan, ethanol, brrne. amyl chloride, Chemrcal F 250 74 0 0005c 0 0004b
dramyl sulfide. hydrogen sulfide trace fvapors) idrstrtlatron~ wo 0023 wo 0013
amyl mercaptan, dramyl sulfide. amyl chlorrde. Chemrcal F 322 78 0 OOISC 0.0005a
amyl alcohol, ethanol, water, hydrogen sulfide trace fdrstillatron) wo 0018 WO.0018
amyl mercaptan, dramyl sulfide. amyl chlorrde, Chemrcal F 285 78 0 0007a 0.0003
amyl alcohol, ethanol, water, hydrogen sulfide trace fdrstrllation~ woo019 WO.0016
amyl phenol, sulfurrc acrd, phenol, phenolsulfonrc Chemrcal F 390 50 <0.0001 <0.0001
acid (vapors) fdrstdlatronl
amyl phenol, phenol. caustrc-neutralrzed phenol. Chemrcal F 390 50 0.0001 0.0001 ...
sulfonrc acid, sulfurrc acrd trace fdistdlationl
amyl phenol, phenolsulfonrc acid. sulfuric acid Chemrcal F 195 106 co,, CO,, .
trace, lmely drvrded clay trace ttank bottom)
amyl phenol. phenol. phenolsullonrc acrd, sullurrc Chemical F 195 106 0.0011 0.0009 ...
acrd trace (vapors)
dramyl phenol, potassium hydroxrde 1.2% (batch Coal By- F 230 15 0.00016 <0.0001 .. .
still kettle) product
andine. carbon drsulhde, hydrogen drsullrde. rner. Chemrcal F 390. 230 0.00015 0.00025 c0.0002
captobenzene, thrazole etc lautoclave) 518
TABLE 4.13: VARIOUS STAINLESS STEELS AND HIGH NICKEL ALLOYS-CLIMAX MOLYBDENUM (mnt’d)
Test
Corrosion mediums conditions Average corrosion rates (ipy)
r‘ r‘
t :
$ 2 S
x
s ss $f
0’ r
TIPE
304
TYPE
316
1”PE
317 “20”
ALLOY
625
. . . -----
antibloW spent-beer solutlo”, water 90%, amyl ’ Pharma. 42 xx <o 0001 <0.0001 <0.0001 <0.0001
acetate or acetone, “Methahne chloride” trace, 1 ceutical
pH 7.5 average
antibIotIc spent-beer solution. water 90%. amyl ! Pharma. f 172 42 -- <0.0001 <0.0001
acetate or acetone, “Methaline chloride” trace, : ceutical
pH 7.3 average
organrc preppratlo” contammg ferric IO”. pH 7.0 : Pharma. f 390 61 - x <O OOOla <O.OOOl ... ...
lvacwm evaporator) ceutlcal
antlrnony trlchlorlde. some hydrochloric acid, water Chemical f 212 12 x xx 0 036 0.0002 0 0016 0.001 0.0083
<05% 0 0025 0.0089
antimony trlchlorlde. some hydrochloric acid. water Chemical f 2i2 12 x xx 0.081 0.0003 0.0027 0.009 0.0067
i 0 5% (vapors1 0.0054 0.0009 0.0029
(continued)
Ferrous Alloys 475
TABLE 4.13: VARIOUS STAINLESS STEELS AND HIGH NICKEL ALLOYS-CLIMAX MOLYBDENUM hont’d)
37.5%. sulfurrc acrd 6.24%. water (beaker, half Agrrculture L 85 xx x 0 0036 “II
Immersed1
ASP”N.I
asphalt converter, overhead au blow”, hydrocar. Petroleum IOO- xx xx 0.0245~ 0.0109c 0 0059c 0.0196c 0.0105c
bans. other organrcs, salt water (enters top at 500
35 fl. oxygen, sulfur dmxrde, mercaptans (asphalt-
plant gas scrubber)
heavy asphalt, crude 011 contarnmg naphthenic acrd Petroleum 650. - xx 0.0016~ 0.0001 <0.0001 0.0001 0 0001
(vacuum-drstrllatmn tower, flash section1 750 0 0005c
exhaust mme air, sulfuric acid 0.14%. relative Mrnrng f 60. 70 xx xx i O.OOOld <0.0001
humrdrty 100% 65 0 OOOl’d
locomotrve flue gases and steam ttunneh Radroad F RT. 1775 0 0006’ b
0.0024b
an. at Baton Rouge. La., chlorides and sulfates due F RT 30 xx x <o 0001 <.00001
to industrral pollutron (Braun-Esso compressor)
arr, at Baton Rouge, La., chlorrdes and sullates due F RT 158 xx xi <0.0001 <:0.0001
to industrral pollutron (Braun-Esso compressor)
atmosphere at Shore Rack and Kure Beach, N. C. I Research jF R.T. 36C xx xx ; nil <O.OBOl . .. ...
atmosphere at Shore Rack and Kure Beach, N. C. i Research :F R.T. 1700 xx xx : <0.0001 <O.OWl . .. .. .
(continued)
476 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
TABLE 4.13: VARIOUS STAINLESS STEELS AND HIGH NICKEL ALLOYS-CLIMAX MOLYBDENUM bnt’d)
Test
Corrosion mediums conditions Average corrosion rates (ipy)
I x
E
5 I T”PE TIPL E"PE ALLOY
r u‘
- 304 316 317 “20” 825
. . . ----
atmosphere at Wdmington, N. C. Marine F R.T. 160 xx - 1 <0.0001 <0.0001 ...
atmosphere of coast just south of San Francisco, Powel F R.I. 184 <0.0001 <0.0001 ...
Calif.
air, occasionally solvents and water Rayon F 70. 105 xx - 0.0001 0.0001
125
hot air saturated with water vapor. pH of conden- Pulp and F 120 330 xx : <0.0001’ <0.0001 .. .
sate 1.2 (paper drler) Paper
ozonated air, oxygen 5 mgll, nitrogen pentoxide Samtary F R.T. 60 xx x I 0.0001 0.0004 ...
0.1 mgil approximately (ozone generator) 0.0003’
air saturated with chlorine, chlorine 0.013 vol % Pulp and F 63 35 -- 0.124~ 0.118~ ...
Paper
air saturated with water, some sulfur dtoxide Pulp and F 110 35 - xx <0.0001 nil ...
(economizer) Paper
hot moist au (paper machines) Pulp and F 120 189 xx 0.0001 0.0001 .. .
Paper 0.0001’
av. caustic fumes. ammoma fumes 0.005%. hw Metal F 40. t 2&l xx - : <O.OoOl <0.0001 ... .
mldlty 100% 110
au. some vapors of hydrogen sulfide and carbon Rayon F R.T. 152 xx - 0.0001’
disulfide (rayon-spmnm&room roof)
air. humldlty high, probably sulfur compounds as TextlIe F 175 56 xx xx : 0.0008 0.0004 .
sulfur dloxlde (wool1 0 0007’
atmosphere, humldtty high. fumes and vapors of Celloohane F 225 95 xx x 0.0001 0.0001
vinyhdme chloride. methylethyl ketone
air, humidity htgh durmg 34 days, and air, humldlty Synthetic F 240 54 xx x ml ml
high. ddute acetIc_acid vapors durmg 20 days Rubber
(tilt drier)
atmosphere. humldlty 100%. in which salt dust Salt F 75. 365 xx x <O.OOOld O.OOOld ... .
and steam flow periodlcally 140
air, humldlty high. lacquer residuals Pulp and MO- 28 xx xx 0.0001 0.0001 0.0001
Paper 200
20%, hydrochloric acid excess. sulfide trace, pH Coal By- F 176 28 - x 0.25~ .. . 0.042cd
2-3 : product
(continued)
Ferrous Alloys 477
TABLE 4.13: VARIOUS STAINLESS STEELS AND HIGH NICKEL ALLOYS-CLIMAX MOLYBDENUM kont’d)
Test
Corrosion mediums conditions Average corrosion rates (by)
spent beer. orgamc actids and their salts, lactic Brewing F 212 105 - x <0.0001 <O.oooI
acid 0.5%. dtcarboxylic acids. olyacids. tnccs 01 ~d~stdlalionl
lormlc. acetic, prop~omc and bulyric acids
beer. water 5%. alcohol. orgamc acids. ptt 3.4-3.7 Btewm9 F 212 87 - - <O.OOOld <o.ooo1
idlstlllailonl
BENZENE
98.5%. methytaldehyde 0.5%. lornuc acid ~~0.5%. Chemical F 200. 13 - xx 0.0012 o.Ocul7
formaldehyde cO.5%. methyl tormate. ek 220
99.3%. water 1.5%. acetic acid 0.04%. decom. f 170 275 - xx O.OOOI 0.0001
posdlon gases 0.02%
95% approximately. sullur~c acld 45%. Impuri- ‘Coal By f 122. 44 1 xx 0.0668cd co,,
lies from crude benzene lwasherl product 140 co,,
90%. hydrochloric acid 5%. water 5%. chlorinated Chemical f 80 60 I - 0.02lcd 0.014cd
benzene
benzene. oleum, probably some sullur dooxide and Chemical F 365 1.5 1. xx 0.47 0.77
trloxide tvapori during first 12 hours) 0.43 0.73
benzene. furnace vapors. water. acetic anhydride, F 220 275 - xx 0.0019 0.0011
decomposition gases 0.0021 0.001
benzene, toluene. xylene. thiophene, condensed Coal By- F 113 27 - - 0.0007bd 0.0005
vapors. hydrogen sulfide, sulfur dioxide, oxygen, Droduct
water
benzene. toluene. xylene, some ammonia and sol- Coal By F 181 74 xx 0.0061~ 0.0012a .. . .. .
fur dioxide Icondenser. condensate) product 250
(tar dis-
tillation)
benwe. totuene. xylene. hydrogen sulfide, thio- Coal By- f 53. 28 - - 0.0002bd 0.0001 . .
phene, sulfur dioxide, sulfur, oxygen, steam (light. product 155
oil condenser, condensate) tlractiona-
tiont
(continued)
478 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
TABLE 4.13: VARIOUS STAINLESS STEELS AND HIGH NICKEL ALLOYS-CLIMAX MOLYBDENUM bnt’d)
benzene. toluene. xylene. crude light oil and Coal By- F 190. <0.0001 <0.0001
steam tlrght-ml strrpper, vapors) product 210
benzene. toluene. xylene, thiophene, hydrogen sul- Coal By F 115. 28 - x 0.0034bd 0.0003b . .
fide. oxygen. water, sulfur flight-oil condenser, product 257
vapors1 ffractrona-
tionl
benzene, totuene, xylene. throphene. hydrogen sul- : Coal By- F 95 27 --. 0.0013bd 0.0005b ... .
fide. oxygen, water, sulfur llight-orl condenser, : product 220
vapors)
benzene, vmyt acttale. some water Plastrc F 85. 156 x-- <0.0001 <0.0001 <0.0001
105
BENZENE HEXACHLOR,DE
BLNZOYL CHLORIDE
q.ORlC AClD
bow acrd. borax, sulfdes, sulfates. mrxed hquor Chemrcal F 130. 45 x xx 0 004gcd 0.0001
tborrc-acrd 220 O.OOl’b
manufacture)
borrc acrd. solutron saturated with sulfur dioxide Chemrcal F 140 31 xx- x.0 OOOld \O.OOOld
99%. chlorine trace, dry except durrng shutdowns, Chemrcal F 55.4 67 - xx : 0.0003 0.0007
whdn hydrochlorrc and boric acid traces are
formed by hydrolysis
(continued)
Ferrous Alloys 479
TABLE 4.13: VARIOUS STAINLESS STEELS AND HIGH NICKEL ALLOYS-CLIMAX MOLYBDENUM bnt’d)
Test
Corrosion mediums conditions Average corrosion rates (ipy)
95%. chlorme 5%. dry except during shutdowns. Chemrcal I j F 53.6 60 - xx : 0.0021d 0.0019
when hydrochloric and boric acid traces are :
formed by hydrolysis; ferric chloride and alumi. i
nom chloride traces fcondenserl
boron trichloride, chlorme. ferrrc chlorrde. alumi. Chemrcal :F 158 24 - xx i 0.0019 0.0008
“urn chlorrde, srhco” tetrachlorrde (filter inlet1 (filtratro”) i
14%. hydrolluoric acrd 0.2%. low pressure (vapors) Chemical F 212 2.8 x x I 0.29 0.32 0.068 0.046
(drstillatronJ
14%. hydrofluorrc acid 0.2%. low pressure Chemrcal F 212 1.7 x xj 0.73 0.22 0.13 0.075
Idrstrllation)
<1.5%. aromatrc solvents. cresols. water trace Coal By- F 203 15 xxx; 00013 0.0011 0.0012 0.0011
product
boron trrlluorrde trace, polymerized and neutralized Chemrcal F 105 17.5 x xx 0.0029 0.0009
hydrocarbon 011s (vessel bottom) : 230
boron trrfluorrde anhydrous, fluorides, pH 4.7 (de- Chemical F 77 154 x xx <0.0001 <0.0001
canter) idtstrllationl
bororvtrrfluorrde etherate m hydrocarbon 011. pos- Chemrcal F 70. 42 x--I 0.0007 0.0005
sibly shght hydrolysis of boron trifluoride (vapors) 135 0.0003’
1.5 vol%. varrous crude hydrocarbon mrxtures Chemrcal F 178 15 -xxx; 0.023
150.5 ~01%. various unsaturated hydrocarbons, IhI” F 165 12 - xxj 0:027* 0.009 0.005 0.009
waler O-O 08%
BUTANE
90%. rsobutane 1%. acetic sod 0.5%. water 0.5% Chemtcal F 185 276 x x “II “II
0.0003 0.00015
99%. acelrc acrd 1%. ketones. esters. water. car- Rayon f 66. 363 - xx <0.0001 <0.0001
bon droxrde 113
65%. acetrc acrd IO%, carbonyls and esters 22%. Chemical F 125 108 x- “II “II
water 3% L“II
60%. waler, ethyl acetate, methylethyl ketone. Rayon F 131. 360 - x ‘,OOOOl <0.0001
methyl acetate, acetone, esters, ketones. alcohols 156 0 0002 0.0001
56%. varroos organrcs 27%. nrtrogen 10%. acetic Chemrcal 347 210 xx xx 0.0003 0.0003 0.0002
acrd 4%. water 2%. carbon droxrde 1%
(continued)
480 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
TABLE 4.13: VARIOUS STAINLESS STEELS AND HIGH NICKEL ALLOYS-CLIMAX MOLYBDENUM bnt'd)
20%. mlrogen 65%. acids hnainly rcelwt. esters Chemrcal f 340 0.003c o.owBa ..
and water SO.OO12b
20%. mtrogen 75%. oxygen OS%, light hydrocar- Chermcal F 125 lo8 x I nit nit ...
bons. acads and esters remamder 1 ml
20%, nrlrogen and carbon dioxrde. water. hetones. f 86. 363 - xx 0.0001 0.0001
esters, aldehydes trace 113
butane. butylene. dibulyl suthle. sutlur~c acrd. waler Petroleum F 250 52 - - 0.006b 0.002a
trace t”DBS” debutanwer bottom1
bulane. dry hydrochtorlc acrd. powbly some tar Pelroleum f 225. 44 - XI O.OScd 0.0487bd
rerldue arid morsture, pressure 250 psi (vapors) 250
butane. some sulfur &oxide and dibutyt sulfate llop Petro. F 115. 49 - - <0.0001’6 o.oow
of separator, gas stream) chemical 120
tfractiona-
lion)
RUYANOL
99%. carbonyts 0.3%. esters. heavy alcohols trace Chemical F 265 277 - IX o.wO35
62%. waler 8.59%. higher alcohols 8%. carbonyls Chemical f 250 243 - xx <O.OoOl
l.l.S%
9%. tugher alcohols B%, carbonyts 0.5% Chemrcal 265 243 - xs <0.0001
5%. water SO%, melhyl and ethyl alcohol 5% Chemical F IS5 39 x 000013 <O.oOoI nil
bulanot. benzene. dlbulyl phthalate (vapor line1 Chemical F I70 44 x x (0.0001 <O.OOOI
tdrstrttal~onl 380
bulyt acelyt rrcmoteate. charcoal. acetu acrd trace F 140 60 -- 0.0002 0.0003
I)“T”L PHENOL
paratertiary butyl phenol. formaldehyde, turpentine, Chemical F 392 75 x x 0.0098 0.0014 o.ow7 0.0004
boron triflooride, oxahc acid
dibuiyl tin chloride, molten lhalf immersed) ! Chemical F 130. 28 0.0001 <O.oool
140
06%. water 1.3%, botyric acid 0.7% F 67 136 I- <O.OOOl nil <0.0001
(continued)
Ferrous Alloys 481
TABLE 4.13: VARIOUS STAINLESS STEELS AND HlGH NICKEL ALLOYS-CLIMAX MOLYBDENUM bnt’d)
Test
Corrosionmediums conditions Average corrosion rates (by)
mr 1WE ALLOY
304 316 3”;; “20” 825
. . . P-P--
NUTIRIC AClD
60%. sulfuric acid lo%, remainder unknown Chemical F 330 10 - I 0.26C 0.024 0.012
2520%. acetic acid 40.45%, propionic acid 510%, Chemical F 105 38 x xx 0.003 0.003 0.002 0.002 0.004
formic acid 0.02%, sodium chloride 0.01.0.05%,
hydrochloric acid trace
butyric acid, small amounts of manganese Sulfate, Chemical F 212. 32 - xi <0.0001 <0.0001 <0.0001
magnasmm sulfate and water (vapors) (distillation) 250 O.OWl
butyric acid, propionic and acetic acids together Chemical f 248 315 xx 0.015 0.003 0.0015 .
97%, formic acid 2%, water 1%
butyric acid, propionic and acetic acids together Chemical F 105 33 x x 0.094 0.051 0.029 0.024 0.012
20%. some sulfur dioxide, water remainder (vapors)
3%, heavy ends 95%, propionic acid 1.5%. acetic Chemical F 284. 54 xx 0.009 0.0025 .. . .
acid 0.05% 320
CACODILIC ACID
CALCWU NNclM1DE
37.97%. water 41.97%. lithium bromide 11.53%, Metal F 120 38 XX XX 09009’bd O.Wl4cd
calcrum chloride 8.5846, specific gravdy 1.56 (under fair dehumid-
spray nozzles) ification)
58% approximately, sodium chloride 1.1.3%, cal- Chemical F 330 31 - xx O.W2a O.Wl7a 1..
21.5%. sodrum bichromate 0.0017% as inhibrtor, Food F 3-4 338 XX XX <OOWl <0.0001 ... .
pH 7-8.5 hn brme-spray au stream, dehumidifier) (air coohngl
21.5%. sodnan brchromate 0.0017% as inhibitor, Food F 90. 337 x - <O.OOOl <0.0001 .. .
pli 7-8.5 (boding tank, under spray chamber) 225
calcrum and magnesmm.chlorrde brme liquors, total Chemrcal F 8.P. 26 xx xx o.ow2a 0.0001a
chlorides 50% (evaporator1 fair condr-
tioning and
relrigera-
: tionl
(continued)
482 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
TABLE 4.13: VARIOUS STAINLESS STEELS AND HIGH NICKEL ALLOYS-CLIMAX MOLYBDENUM kont’d)
Test
Corrosion mediums conditions Average corrosion rates (ipy)
calcium chlotlde. sodium chloride. pH 9.0 tweu box) Chemical F 131 107 KX xx 0.0004.d O.OOOld
fumes and condensate lrom boiling calwm-magne- Chemical 212. 39 xx x. 0.021c 0 02c
sium-chloride concentrated solution, free hydro- 220
chlorlc acid 0.63% in condensate
CALC,“M CITRATE
calcrum-hydroxide slurry, some undissolved calcium Chemical F 194 203 x x <.0.0001 ,..
hydroxide and silica
calcium hydroxide. calcium carbonate, sodwm hy- Pulp and F 120 204 x x ,.0.0001 e.0 0001
droxlde. sodium sulhde Paoer
CALCIUM “YPOC”LtJRlTE
10%. bleach slurry, avadable chlorme 70.100 g/l, Chemical F 90. 31 x x 0 006cd 0 023cd
hme excess 20.30 g/I 100 OOlcd 0 029cd
2% Chemical 1 97 ml 0.0006
calcwm hypochlorlte and hme sludge, avadable Pulp and F 60. 30 I 0017cd 0.0037cd
chlorine 40 g/l, some calcium chloride, calcium Paper 100
chlorate, calcwm carbonate and free hme
calclum.hypochlorlte bleach hquor. avadable chlo- Textde f 65 31 - xx <o 0001 <O.OOOld <O.O001d
wne 2-3 gl I 100
(continued)
Ferrous Alloys 483
TABLE 4.13: VARIOUS STAINLESS STEELS AND HIGH NICKEL ALLOYS-CLIMAX MOLYBDENUM bnt’d)
Test
Corrosion mediums conditions Average corrosion rates (ipy)
CALCl”Y LACTATE
calcwm lactate, lactic acrd. organic acids, calcium food f 125 303 <O.oool <O.OOOl <O.Owl
carbonate. pH 4-5.5, initially 6.5-7.5 Ilermenta. W<O.OOOl W<O.OOOI
IlOd LW<O.OoOI
ClLEl”Y PHOSPHATE
CALCIUM SULFATE
10%. ‘roaster calcme. sodrum vanadate 5.8%. Mming f 1520 63 0.021 .. 0.028
sodrum chlorrde 3.7%. silrcates. hydrochlorrc acid (ore
and chlorme gases Ibetween roaster discharge and processlog
baker cooler)-
CALCIUM SULFITE
19.3%. calcwm-sulhte hquor. milk-of-lime solution Pulp and f 200 68 <0.0001 <0.0001
I lb/gal, sulfur droxlde 10% lgas.absorbmg cham- Paper <0.0001’
ber, top)
CARSON
actwated carbon “SXAC-1” adsorbing acetone, Chemical 57 <O.OOOld <O.OOOld <O.OOOld <O.OOOla <0.0001
methylene chlorrde trace
actwaled carbon bed “Norit Sorbonorrt Ill” adsorb- Chemrcal 57 0.0002bdr O.OOOlbdr O.OOOla O.OOOlb 0 OOOla
mg acetone containmg methylene chlorrde trace
aclrvated carbon bed “Lactol.” petroleum solvent. Prmtrng f R.1: 70 O.OOOl’cr 0.000lcr <0.0001c
steam, some unknown chloride source 230
carbon froth, water from coolers (half Immersed) Chemical f 28 <O.OOOld <0.0001
carbon-black slurry carbonates, chlorides. sulfates. Carbon f 400. 42 O.Oilll 0.001 0.0007
carbon droxrde and sulfur droxlde from coolmg water Black 900
at pli 7 (bottom of prrmary coolerl
carbowblack slurry. carbonates. chlorides, sullates. Carbon :f 900. 42 0.0005 O.KNE 0.0004
carbon dioxide and sulfur dioxide from cooling water Black 1400
at pli 7 (riser of primary cooler)
(continued)
484 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
TABLE 4.13: VARIOUS STAINLESS STEELS AND HIGH NICKEL ALLOYS-CLIMAX MOLYBDENUM hont’d)
Test
Corrosion mediums conditions Average corrosion rates (ipyl
1VPi NM ALLOY
364 316 ;; “20” a25
. . . --- --
carbon-black slurry and water intermittently, pH 7 I Chemical :f 160 240 xx XI 0.0003cd <O.OOGl <O.OOOl <O.OOOl
approxrmately (water level 01 cooler seal, ret and i
dry, air and slurry1
carbon-black slurry, sulluric acid pH 2 Ileaching j Carbon if 110 3 xx IX 0.0004 o.Ow5 0.0013
tank) : Black
carbon black loose, entrained combustion gases, : Chemical :F 120 240 ss x <0.0001 <0.0001 <0.0001d <O.OOQl <O.mOl
water vapor, product occasionally on tire
carbon black loose, entrained combustion gases, Chemical F 120 324 XI x 0.0011c o.lKmc <0.0001c O.OOOlb O.OlKt4a
water vapor, product occasionally on fire
cartnm~black slurry, water, total solids 7.2%. con. Carbon :F 170 30 xx xx 0.03lc 0.0003 0.0004
centrated carbon black 6.94%. sulfates 6.63 g/gal. Black
lerric oxide 4.24 g/gal, nitrogen as ammonia 0.64
g/gal. chlorides 0.45 g/gal. reduction factor cquiva-
lent to potassium permanganate 0.647 g/gal (half
immersed)
carbon black. hard water (fresh water 52 salt Carbon F 178 30 XI - 0.0021c o.lKm O.oool <0.0001
grains/gal). steam talternately immersed) Black 0.02&
carbon black. hard water ilresh water 52 salt Carbon -F 152 30 xx xx O.OMC O.WO1 0.0001 <0.0001
grains!gall. steam (half immersed) Black
carbon black, sullur. salt and water vapor. oxygen Carbon F 420 I5 I xx 0.0402 0.0002 0.0001
laet scrubber unit) Black
carbon black, hydrogen sulfide 46 grains I100 cu It, Carbon F 220. 251 xx - 0.0043r
steam 45.50 vol %. carbon dioxide and monoxide. : Black 230
hydrogen, nitrogen and oxygen 0.2.0.3% i Uiltration)
carbon black, laden with fuel gases : Carbon ;F 160. 52 .,’ <0.0001 <0.0001 <0.0001
! Black 180
33.34%. water 66.66%. ethanolamine trace (vapor : Chemical I F 235. 62 - IX 0.0001 0.002 0.0001
line of Girdler reactivator) 240
26X, oxygen 6%. carbon monoxide 2%, sulfur I Water : 104. 75 xx 0.0012c 0.002c
dioxide. nitrogen trace i Purification 113
12%. nitrogen 88%, condensed water has iron ions j Petroleum F 110 36 - XI <O.oool <o.ocm <0.0001 <0.0001
40 ppm. sulfuric and sulfurous acids 10 ppm, nitric :
and nitrous acids 3 ppm (pipe. gas stream1
10%. gas stream, carbon monoxide 2%. sullur di- i Mming F 150 73 xx xx <O.OOOla <0.0001
oxide 0.25%. some oxygen <O.OOOl’a
carbon dioxrde and nitrogen, chlorine trace (gaseous Petroleum 302. 198 xx 0.0022cd 0.002cd 0.0013cd
mixturel 392
(continued)
Ferrous Alloys 485
TABLE 4.13: VARIOUS STAINLESS STEELS AND HIGH NICKEL ALLOYS-CLIMAX MOLYBDENUM bnt’d)
I 8
L‘
; I ,“FE rwe ,“FE ALLOY
r u‘
. 304 316 317 “20” 625
. . P-P-
carbon dwde. ammonia 0.2%. water. urea trace. Petro. F 315 x x <_0.0001 (0.0001 <0.0001 <0.0001
pressure 68 pug iammonla stripper bottom) chemical s0.0001 s<~0.0001
Isynthetic.
urea manu-
lacturel
CARBON DISULFIOE
carbon drsulhde, water trace, absorbmg or1 trace Chemrcal f 93 110 - x <00001’ <0.0001 <0.0001 <O.ODDI
(condensate hqurd hnel s<0.0001 s<0.0001
carbon drsulhde, water. sultur c25%. some sul- Chemrcal F 60 76 x x <O.OOOlbd <O.OODl
tur~c acid and hydrogen sulfide <O.DOOl’bd
CARBON MONOXIDE
CARBON TETRACHLORIOE
90%. “Kolene” solvent. benzene IOY’b Dry Cleanmg f R 1. 40 - - < 0.0001 <;0.0001
90%. “Kolene” solvent, benzene 10% Ibottom 01 Dry Cleanmg F 287 38 - xx 0.0014’ad 00008ad
StIllI ld~strllatronl 0.0014ad
87.5%. water 129.. chlorme 04%. hydrochloric Chemical f 140. 3 - x 1.57cd I .26cd
sod 0.1% lvaporsr 185
25.5%. sultur chlorides 75.95% lsullur mono- and Chemrcal F 125. 35.5 _ xx 0.0001’ 0.0001
dlchlortde. thlocarbonyl chloride etch lhqwd Ime) ldtstdlatlonl 130
CIRROTING SOLUTlON
cdrrotmg solotton. sullur~c acid 4%. chloric acid Textde F R.T. 47 x x <0.0001 <O.OOOl <0.0001
3%. hydrogen peroxide 3%. water remainder
carroting solution. sulfurrc acid 4%. chloric acid Textile F R.T. 3 x x 0.067~ .. .
3%. hydrogen peroxide 3%. water remainder
CASEIN
case,“, leather brushes. shellac, wax. various resrns. Tanning F 180 - 0.0001 0.0001
both synthetrc and natural. slightly alkaline water
solution or line dispersron
(continued)
486 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
TABLE 4.13: VARIOUS STAINLESS STEELS AND HIGH NICKEL ALLOYS-CLIMAX MOLYBDENUM bnt’d)
Test
Corrosion mediums conditions Average corrosion rates (iPY)
case,“. leather fmrshes. shellac. wax. varro”s resms. 180 0.0001 0.0001
both synthetrc and natural. slrghtly alkalme water
solution or fme drspersron
cerum.sutfate liquor. sulfurrc anhydrrde 11% sul- Rare-Earths F 70 63 x x 0.015 0 005 0 004
furrc acrd 1066% phosphorus pentoxrde 4596. Separatron
hydrochlorrc acid 0 25% approxrmately durrng wash
cycle
cerowchlorrde solutron, pfi 5 lopen evaporator1 Chemrcal F 212. 30 x 1 0 0075cd 0 0087c 0 0073cd CO 005cd
levaporat~on) 275
CHERR” J”lCL
maraschmo cherrres. hot procersmg, sulfur dioxrde Food 132. 193 0.0001 0.0001 00001
600-1000 ppm rnrtrally 160
C”LOR,NE
5.5 VIII % chlorme. arr mixture Irubber hose hne Food F 80 82 xx xx 0 044 0.022 ... ... ...
above flour agitator) lflour
bleachmgl
0.013% chlorme. arr mrxture (exhaust srde of fan) Pulp and F 62 35 0 124~ O.ll&
Paper
chlorme. sodrum oxychlorrde, rodrum hydroxrde. Chemrcal F l?O- 90 xx xx 0 0002 0.0002 0.0005
sodrum chlorrde, sodrum-oxrde smoke, morst arc 135
latmospherrc fumes from sodrum cells)
chlorine. hydrochlorrc acrd. naphthalene. naphtha. Chemrcal F 330 52 _ 00013 0.0012a 0.0014 0.0016
lene chlorrde (vapors1
TABLE 4.13: VARIOUS STAINLESS STEELS AND HIGH NICKEL ALLOYS-CLIMAX MOLYBDENUM hm’d)
Test
Corrosion mediums conditions Average corrosion rates (ipy)
10.8% chlorme-dwde gas and condensed solution Pulp and .F 150 14.5 xx xx 0.33 0.29c
Paper
chforme dloxlde, sulfuric aud 6OW sodium per- Pulp and :F 135 14.5 x xx : >0.55 0.15c CO.027
chlorate 32%. methanol Paper
7.2% approaboately. saturated water solution Pulp and F 38 70 x x ; 10.0052c o.ooo9 0.0026b 0.0032
Paper
5.4% approximately. saturated water solution Pulp and F 36 14.5 x xx 0.0051c 0.0001 co.0007
Paper
chlorme-dloxlde spent hquor. sulfuric acid 45%. Pulp and F 155 14.6 x x 0.016~ 0.0025 co.0011
sodwm chlorate 20 gil Paper
CHLOROACETlC AClD
78% monochloroacetlc aud. water 22% Chemical :F 122. 17 - o.w97 0.0025 0.002 0.0018
: 140
78% monochtoroacetlc acid. water 221 Chemical jF 50. 17 _ OOWld <0.0001 <O.OOOld <0.0001
77
48.5% technical grade monochloroacetic acid, ! Chemical F 12 90 x : <0.0001 <0.0001 <0.0001 <0.0001
water
CHlOROBENZENE
C,,LORO-DIPHENYLAMINE
TABLE 4.13: VARIOUS STAINLESS STEELS AND HIGH NICKEL ALLOYS-CLIMAX MOLYBDENUM (cont’d)
Test
Corrosion mediums conditions Average corrosion rates (ipy)
tnLONOEvnYLENE
trkchloroethylene crude (vapors and entrained liquidl Chemical .F 163 228 - xx <O.OOOl <OOOOl .. .
(distillation)
trlchloroethylene crude. water (vapors and entrained Chemical F 212 230 - xx 0.0007b 0.0003b ..
liquldl Idistillation)
trlchloroethylene crude. water (vapors and entrained Chemical F 169. 228 - xx <O.OOOl <0.0001 . .
hquid) fdistillationt 198
C”LONOH”DNlN
epichlorohydrm. caustic soda, “Eis Phenol.” tri- Chemical F 176. 16.3 x xx ~.O.ooOl <O.oool <O.OcOl <o.o001 <o.o001
chloroethylene and sodium-chloride brine 212
chloro./+methylquinone. nttrobenzene 85%. copper Chemical F 212 2.5 - xx 0.0027 0.0032 0.0025
chlortde. hydrochlonc acid . 596 during stripping
chlorophenol. phenol. chlorme. hydrochloric-acid Chemical F 123. 19 - xx 0.0031d 0.0024d 0 002!d 0.003
gas, ferric chloride (vapors. liqwd) 140 0.0051d 0.0035d 0.003d 0.0018
0.0031’d
0.0005’d
(continued)
Ferrous Alloys 489
TABLE 4.13: VARIOUS STAINLESS STEELS AND HIGH NICKEL ALLOYS-CLIMAX MOLYBDENUM kont’d)
Test
Corrosion mediums conditions Average corrosion rates (by)
a I f
5 $ g 7”PC ,“PE T”PE
“20”
ALLOY
825
I 2 :: 304 316 317
. . . p-p--
dhzhloraphenol pure (overhead still pot, vapors) Chemical F 250. 34 xx 0.0029 0.0007
(distillation1 290
CHLOROPICRIN
chloropicrin. water. calcium hypochlorrte. Irme. cal- Chemical F 203 a 0.0013 0.001 0.0028 0.0032
cium chloride 7.0%. calcium carbonate. pli IO.11
chloroprcrm. sodium hypochlorile. sodium hydroxide, Chemical F 75 10 x 1 0.0009d 0.0006d 0.0007d O.OOOld
chlorine, sodwm chlorate
CHLOROTRlFLUOROETHYLENE
C”ROWC AClD
30%. chromic sulfate 0.45% levaporationl Metal 1 B.P. 2 - xx 0.555 0.68 0.418
(plating)
5% Research L 75 3 nil ml
(continued)
490 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
TABLE 4.13: VARIOUS STAINLESS STEELS AND HIGH NICKEL ALLOYS-CLIMAX MOLYBDENUM (am’d)
chromx acid, water solutmn, sulfuric acid, acidity Textile : f 140. 6.5 xx I: 0.0003d 0.0003d .. .
3% (develooer box) : 160
ClTRlC ACID
citric ac!d, pure. dry (drum drwl Chemical f 155 52 x.x xx <0.0001 <0.0001
cltrlc acid. pti 2 neutralwed wlh calcium hydroxide Sugar f 180. 0.3 - x 0 006 0.008
to ptl 7-8 213
acldlhed clay, sulfwc acid eqwalent to polasswm Chemical f 160 106 x- 0 0001 00001 0 0001
hydroxide 4 mg iOorr thickener)
acldtfied clay slurry. sulfuric acid 0 18-O 5396 Chemical f 140 40 - 1. 0 0003’d 0 0001
lthlckenefl
acldllled clay slurry, sulfuric actd 0 18-O 53% Chenwal f 150 40 xx 1 00001’ 0.0001
lOlIver Idleri
acldlfled clay slutry. sulfwc acid 0 26.0 97% Chemical f 140 40 - I: 0 0008’ 0 0001
IthwAenerl
acidlbed clay slurry, sulfuric acid 0.53-1.3% Chemical f 140 40 - x 0.0005’ 0.0001
IthIckener)
acldlfled clay slurry, sulfurit acid 0.88.2.1% Chemical f 140 40 - x 0.0004* 0.0001
Ithlckenerl
acldtfied clay slurry. sulfuric acid l&3.5% Chemical IF 140 40 - x 0.0003’ 0.0001
(thickener)
acidified clay slurry, sulfuric acid equivalent to Chemical f 125. 106 I: - 0.0002 0.0001
potassium hydroxide 60 mg Klorr thickener) 160
acidified clay slurry. sullurlc acid 3.5-&O% Chemical f 140 40 - I: 0.0001’ 0.0001
Ith&.ener)
acldlfied clay suspension. sulfuric acid 15.20% Glass and f 70. 4.5 0.00106d 0.00036d .. .
Ceramics 205
(continued)
Ferrous Alloys 491
TABLE 4.13: VARIOUS STAINLESS STEELS AND HIGH NICKEL ALLOYS-CLIMAX MOLYBDENUM bmt’d)
Test
Corrosion mediums conditions Average corrosion rates (ipy)
acrdrfred bentonrtrc clay slurry. drlute solution of Chemical F 126. 0.0003 0.001
alummum and iron sulfates. free sulfuric acid 158
0 15% IOhver lilted
COBALT ACETATE
cobaltacetate solution, free acetrc acrd trace Chemrcal F 227 396 - - <O.OOOld <0.0001
fevaporatort
COBILTOUS SULFATE
5.31X, mckel 22 g/l, copper 6 g/l as sulfates, Metal F 95. 3 xx xx nil nil
sodmm fluoride trace, ptf 3 (nickel 185
refining)
2.37%. ruckel as sulfate LOO g/l, ptf 2.0 Metal ll- 25 xx xx IllI IllI
fmckel 185
reflningt
0.31%, nickel 04 g/l, copper 02 g/l. iron 15 Metal 104. 60 - x 00031c <0.0001 <00001 <0.0001 <0.0001
g/l as sulfates, sodium chloride trace, pH 2.5 (cobalt 149
refmmgl
COFFEE
18% soluble coffee, liquid coffee extract fevapora- Food L 120 38 - - ~.00001 <0.0001 c,.o0001
tar)
COLUMBIUM
dissolved columbde ore, hydrofluorm acid 4.5N, Muting F 70 42 xx x corr 0.033 0.03
sulfurrc acrd 3.5N
CONDIMENTS
alcoholrc menstrua and vanilla beans Food F 65. 162 - x ~:0.0001 <0.0001
70 c_0.0001'
salad dressmg. vmegar 4%, sodrum-chlorrde solu- Food F 190 10 < OOOOld <0.0001
tron fcooler) LS. 0 0001
sauces used m cannmg various types of dry-bean Food F 195. 173 -- xx 0.0001.d 00001
packs. tomato puree, chdi pepper, vmegar, etc 212 O.OOOld
COPPER CHCORIOE
(continued)
492 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
TABLE 4.13: VARIOUS STAINLESS STEELS AND HIGH NICKEL ALLOYS-CLIMAX MOLYBDENUM bnt’d)
Test
Corrosion mediums conditions Average corrosion rates (ipy)
“5
2
f‘ $ TYPE TYPE ,“PL ALLOY
825
304 316 317 “20”
. . --- --
cupric chloride, cupric sulfate and sodium chloride f 60. 233 X : <O.OOOlcd <O.OOOlb
60
65% approximately cupric sulfate, saturated solw Metal F 170. 30 - xx 0.0002 0.0002 0.0001
tion, sulfuric acid 0.4.0.8% (evaporator) 220
16.511% approximately cupric sulfate, concentra- Metal F 215 675 - xx 0.0002ad <0.0001
tion 34”Bc. total acrd 16.8%. copper ion 4.6%. free levaporatronl
acrd 3.6% before evaporation; and concentration
48”66. total acrd 24 3%. coooer ion 6.6%. free acid
5.5% after evaporation ”
12.5% approximately cupric sulfate, nickel ion 5 Metal .<149 36 xx xx nil nil
g/I and cobalt ran 2 g/I as sulfate, pH 2 hnckel
refining)
10.6% approximately cuprrc sulfate, copper-refmery Metal F 150 32.9 ., <0.0001 <O.OOOl <0.0001
electrolyte. sulfuric acid 200.235 g/l, nickel ion
20-22 gi I as sulfate, pressure
6-4X approximately cupric sulfate, sulfuric acid Mining F 140. 32 xx xx <O.OOOld <O.O001d
~0.3%. mining low-acrd leach, zinc ion 4.7 g/l, 170
silver ion 2.5 g/l and manganese ran 1-3 g/l as sul-
fates
(continued)
Ferrous Alloys 493
TABLE 4.13: VARIOUS STAINLESS STEELS AND HIGH NICKEL ALLOYS-CLIMAX MOLYBDENUM hont’d)
Test
Corrosion mediums conditions Average corrosion rates (ipy)
6.4% approximately cupric sulfate. sulfuric acid Mining f 140. 32 xx xx <O.OOOld <O.OOOld
3.6%. high-acid leach. zinc ion 5-6 g/l. manganese 170
loo 2.3 gi I and solver loo l-4 g/I as sulfates
5% approximately cupnc sulfate, sulfunc acid 10%. Metal f 158 63 xx xx <o 0001 <o 0001 <o 0001 <0.0001 <o 0001
manganese dmxlde 9-10 g/I (plating)
2.613% approximately cupric sulfate, sulfuric Metal F 68. 194 x xx <O OOOld <O.OOOld
acid 2.54 5%. sodbum sulfate ~2% (half Im- 140
mersed)
cuprnc sulfate and hydroxide. nnc. cadmium, ar- Metal F 185 111 x <o 0001 <0.0001 <o 0001 <O.OoOl <0.0001
sew calcwm sulfates and hydroxides. pH 6 lelectro-
refinmg)
COSMETICS
CREOSOTE
CRESOL
p’ and m-cresol mw.ture, techmcal (alternately ,m- Chemtcal L R.T. 11 <00001 ..,
mersedl
CRESYLfC ACID
crude cresybc acid, water and hydrogen sulbde. Rayon F 350 135 - xx 0.0008
orgamc compounds 0.0001
crude cresyhc acid, sulfur 4%. water 2.4%, zinc Rayon F 350 94 xx 0.0002r
powder, caustic, ethylene dichloride O.OOOlr
(continued)
494 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
TABLE 4.13: VARIOUS STAINLESS STEELS AND HIGH NICKEL ALLOYS-CLIMAX MOLYBDENUM hont’d)
cresylic acid, sulfuric acid 2%. organic sulfurous Chemical 350 60 - xx 0.039cr 0.015a
compounds. hydrogen dlsulflde. water 0 032cr
90.89%. cresol 8.10%. partial esters 2-E%, hydra- : Rayon R.T. 360 - - 0.013b O.OOEb
chlorx acid
90.89%, cresyhc acid 5%. thlophenols 5%. ma& Rayon F B.P. 179 x xx 0 004a O.OOOla
nmum chloride 1%. hydtochlorlc acid and organic
chlorides trace: residual tar. tricresvl ohosohate
and magnewm chloride
90.88%. cresyllc acid 5%, thiophenols 5%, mag- Rayon F 700 306 - xx O.OOiar 0 005a
neswm chloride 1%. hydrochloric acid and organic 0.024 0 008
chlorides trace; residual tar, tricresyl phosphate
and magnewm chloride
90.88%, cresyllc acid 5%, thlophenols 5%. mag- Rayon f 700 140 - xx 0 0006a 0 0003a
nes~um chloride I%, hydrochloric acid and organic
chlorides trace; residual tar, trlcresyl phosphate
and magnewm chloride
90.88%, cresyhc acid 5%. thlophenols 5%. mag Rayon F 700 74 - xx 0.007 0.035
nesium chloride 1%. hydrochloric acid and organic
chlorides trace; residual tar, tricresyl phosphate
and magnewm chlortde
90.88%. cresyllc acid 5% thiophenols 5%. mag- Rayon f 700 36 --’ 0.006 0.001
newm chloride l%, hydrochloric acid and orgamc
chlorides trace; rwdual tar, tricresyl phosphate
and magneswm chloride
90.88%. cresyllc acid 5%. thlophenols 5X, mag_ Rayon F 700 22 - xx 0.01 0.0055
nesium chloride I% hydrochloric acid and organic 0.0006 0.0003
chlorides trace, residual tar, trlcresyl phosphate
and magnewn chloride
crude trlcresyl phosphate, cresyl~c acid trace Rayon F 176 544 - - 0.0003a 00003a
trlcresyl-phosphate scum, sulfuric acid 2 ~01%. Rayon :F 100 135 - - 0.0025a 0.002
orgamc sulfur compounds. water. hydrogen sulfide
83%. water 10%. acetaldehyde 0 75%. heavy al- Chemical : 275 147 - xx WI IllI
cohols, phosphoric acid
83%, water 10%. acetaldehyde 0.75%. heavy al- Chemical : 275 43 - xx : 0.0001 0.0001
cohols, phosphortic acid
75%, water 15%. acetaldehyde 10% acldlty as Cbemlcal F 200 608 - xx IllI nil .. .
acettc acid 0 33% phosphates trace, pH 4 5
crotonaldehyde. water 15%. acetaldehyde 10% Chemical 120 1094 - - n1l rlll
acldlty as acetlc acid 0 33%. phosphates trace
21.9%. water 45 4’,. acetaldehyde 29 5% butyl Chemical F 250 462 - x 00002 0 0002 o.uoo5
butyrate I3’6. hexadlenal 1.3”.. butyrlc acid 06”;
CUMENE
75%. cumene hydroperoxlde 25”, Chernlcal f 212 347 xx xx 0 0001 0.0001 0.0001
ldlstdlatlon)
(continued)
Ferrous Alloys 495
TABLE 4.13: VARIOUS STAINLESS STEELS AND HIGH NICKEL ALLOYS-CLIMAX MOLYBDENUM (cont’d)
41.39% ammonium alkyl aryl sulfonate. water Soap F 62. 43 <0.0001 <o 0001 ‘-0 0001
39.40%, ethanol 14 516%. ammonium sulfonate 105 s<0.0001 s<0.0001
4.7%. pH 6.9.13
57.53% sodium alkyl aryl sulfonate. active, sodium Synthetic F 150 392 <o 0001 <o 0001 <:o0001 .;o 0001
sulfate <3%, water remamder Detergent
24% sodium alkyl aryl sulfonate, sodium pyre- Synthetrc F 175 311 <o 0001 <0.0001
phosphate 16%. sodium tripolyphosphate 16%. Detergent
nonyl phenol trace, water remainder, pH 9
alkyl aryl sulfonate slurry, 60% actwe. sodium sul. Soap F 130. 70 <O.OOOld
fate ~3%. pH S-8.5 180
cleanmg compound. soya fatty acid soaps 3%. non- Soap F 72 <00001
ionm detergents 2%. sodrum tripolyphosphate in
water, pli 10-10.5
0.2% “Nytron” synthetrc detergent (half Immersed) Soap L 140 0.25 xx - O.ODol
“DDT.” sodium sulfate, dratomaceous earth, traces Chemical F 270 - xx 0.00124 O.OOOSd 0.0005d O.ODLt5d
of sodrum, monochlorobenzene and chloral. pH 6-7
lhlterl
acrd dye solutron. straight acid, Neolan acid, chro- Textile BP. 1 nil
murm colors
10% “Calcosrd” orange YtID in methyl “Cellosolve” Wood 80 <:0.0001 <0.0001 ...
solution, acidrfied with acetrc acid 99.5% to pH 5.2 Staining
(continued)
496 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
TABLE 4.13: VARIOUS STAINLESS STEELS AND HIGH NICKEL ALLOYS-CLIMAX MOLYBDENUM kont’d)
chromrumxhlorrde dye, 27% hydrochlorrc acrd 1100 T&de F 150. 68 : 0.005cd 0.002c O.OOZcd
lb. water 1000 lb, corn syrup 200 lb, sodium di- 216
chromate 725 lb added
cotton dyeing and bleachrng solutron. no “Textone.” Textrle F 160. 194 1 xx <O.OOOlcd <O.OOOlcd <O.OOOld <O.OOOl
regular processrng cycles 170
dyestuffs and developrng baths durrng 250 hours, Textile 11 xx xx 1<0.0001 <0.0001
sodrum hydrosulfrte and caustrc during 5 hours
fur washmg. bleachrng. dyer@ solutions, alkalies, Fur F 70. 25 x x <0.0001 <0.0001
orgaruc and rnorganrc acrds, oxidation and reduc- 100
bon agents, concentrations <1.5%
dyemg solutrons. hydrochlorrc acid and acetrc acid Textile 50. 6.4 <o 0001 <O.OOOla
during 2 5 days, acetrc acid and sodium dichromate 130
durrng 1.7 days, sulfurrc acrd during 1.5 days, and
sodrum perborate during 0.7 days
dye solutron. water, sulfurrc acrd, acetic acrd. so- Textrle ff.1: 180 x x O.OOOla 0.0001 .. .
drum drchromate. cuprrc sulfate, colors, caustic O.P
scouring sodrum hydroxrde 0.5.7% (9 P.)
sulfurrc acrd dyemg solution, “Palatine” dyes Textde B.P. 400 x xx 0.0002
water soluble dyes, tallow and wool grease Tanning F 100 100 ; 0.0001
ERlTnRrTclL
99% set-butyl acetate, propyl acetate 15%. acetrc Chemrcal F 200 92 - xx <0.0001 <0.0001 nil
acrd 15%. set-butyl alcohol 8%. water 2%, propyl
alcohol 0 5% toluene sulfonrc acid trace
55% set-butyl acetate, propyl acetate 33%. SC- Chemrcal F 190 52 - xx 0.0001 0.0001 LOOOOla
butyl alcohol 6% propyl alcohol 4%, water 2%.
acetrc acrd 001%
99.92% ethyl acetate, ethanol O-7%, high boilers Chemrcal F 316 490 - xx <0.0001 nil
<I%
85% ethyl acetate, ethanol 9%, heavy esters 3%, Chemal F 226 17 xx 0.0024 0.001
ethyl propronate 2%. water 1%
90% ethyl acetate, methylethyl ketone 20% Chemical F 158 39 x 0.0002 0.0001 <0.0001
(continued)
Ferrous Alloys 497
TABLE 4.13: VARIOUS STAINLESS STEELS AND HIGH NICKEL ALLOYS-CLIMAX MOLYBDENUM (amt’d)
Test
Corrosion mediums conditions Average corrosion rates (ipy)
76% ethyl acetale. ethyl propionate 14%. acetic Chemical f 176 17 O.oool o.ooo2
aud 5%. heavy eslers 5%
70% ethyl acetate. benzene 23%. water 7%. acetic ~ Rayon :f 177 246 0.owlr 0.0001 c0.0001
acld 0.04%
70% ethyl acetate. benzene 30%. prop~omc and Chemical f 177 50 0.0002r ml r nil r ... ...
acelrc acods0.02%
70% ethyl acelate. benzene 30%. propiomc and Chemical ; f 177 34 O.OOOlr <O.OoOlr ... ...
acelIe acids 0.02%. mangaoous acetate 10 lb/day
61% ethyl acelate. benzene 26%. proplonic acid Chemical f 190 34 0.06r 0.006 ... ...
11%. acellc acid 196. waler 1%. manganous ace-
tate IO lb/day
51% ethyl acelale. benzene 33%. acellc acid 10%. Chemical f 120 807 ml oil
water 6%
ethyl acelale. esler~hcal~on. aceltic acid glacial Chemical f 158. 180 0.002 0.0025 0.0017 0.001 0.0015
9500 gal. ethyl alcohol 9000 gal, sullunc acid 221 00013 0.0018 0.0014 0.0009 0.0014
66”Be 25 gal
elhyl acelate. loluene. various volalde resms. plas- Solvent f 170. 318 0.0002 <O.OOOl <O.OOOl <O.OoOl
Iwers. waxes and lacquers Recovery 240
20% ethyl acrylate. phosphoric acld 70%. ethanol, Rayon f 284 63 0 04 LO.OO75c 0 0055b OOlb
ethyl acetate and acetic acid together 10% 0.0069 0 2c
60% methvl acetate. acetaldehvde 10%. water 5%. Chemical F 223 131 0.0001* 0 0001 0.0001
acetic aclb2%, acetone and alcohols (fractiona.
IlOlll
20% methyl acetate, ethyl acetate 20%. methyl. Chemical f 144 390 <0.0001 <0.0001
ethyl ketone 18%.acetone 15%,low boilers 14 4%. 1<0.0001
water 6.5%. acetaldehyde 6%, acetic acid <1%
18% methyl acetate, water 60%, acetone 16%. Rayon f 199 1125 0.0004 0.0001 0 0001
acetaldehyde 4%. acetlc acid 05%. formic acid
0.1%
14% methyl acetate, water 60%. acetaldehyde Rayon f 172 1158 <‘O 0001 <0.0001 <0.0001
13%. acetone 12%. acetlc acid 0.1%. tormlc acid
0.1%
propyl acetate, butyl acetate and isobutyl acetate Chemical f 200 57 0 0002 <o 0001
together 65%. water, propyl. butyl and tsobutyl
alcohol together 10%. acetlc acid 0 003.2%
propyl acetate, propyl alcohol, water, ethyl acetate, Chemical f 167. 650 to 0001 <0.0001
ethanol, methyl amyl acetate, methyl lsobutyl car. 248
binol. isopropyl alcohol, isopropyl acetate, acetlc
acid
(continued)
498 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
TABLE 4.13: VARIOUS STAINLESS STEELS AND HIGH NICKEL ALLOYS-CLIMAX MOLYBDENUM (cant’d)
99% wnyl acetate Plast,c F I60 77 <00001 <o 0001 < 00001
80% vinyl acetate vinyl propmnate 20% durmg Chemical 162 302 0 00001 <0.0001
184 days and ethyl acetate 60%. other organ~cs
lO”6. waler 30% during 118 days
10% vmyl acetate, acettc anhydrlde 50% ethyll- Chemical F 212. 254 0 0015 0.0007
dene dlacelate 30%. acetlc acid 10% durmg 186 293
days. and ethyl acetate. methylethyl ketone and
ethanol together 40%. water remamder during
68 days
56%. sollds 23%. water 15%. ethyl acetate 5%, Plastic I67 132 <0.0001 <:0.0001 <o 0001 <o 0001
butyraldehyde 1% sulfuric acid 0 5% (vapors) so 0003 0 0002
56%. solids 23%. water 15%. ethyl acetate 5%. Plastic I67 132 <0.0001 \:o 0001 <o 0001 0.0001
butyraldehyde 1% sulfuric actd 0 5% s<0.0001
56%, water 15%. ethyl acetate 5%. acetic acid Chemtcal I67 0 0004
1% sulfurtc acid 0.5%. butyrlc actd 0.1%
47.42%. acetate polymer sollds 36%. ethyl acetate Plastic 167 so 001 0 0006 <o 0001 <0.0001 0.0002
5 290, water 10% sulfuric acid 13.2.5%. acetlc 0 0003’ s<o 0001
acid 0 2-2 3% (vapors1 <o 0001*
41.42%. acetate polymer sohds 36% ethyl acetate Plastic 167 180 SO009ld 0.0009 0.0011 0.0006 0.0004
529’,. water 10% sulfwc acid 1 3-2.5%. acetlc 0 003.d so 0017
actd 0 2-2 3% (vapors)
42%. water 53”,. ethyl acetate 2 3% acetic aud PMlC f I85 0 0061 0 0072 0 0068
I 5”,. suifurlc acid 13% idlstltlatlon)
9%. water 919,, sulfuric and acettc acids trace Chemical F 188 0 0018 0 0005 0 0005
lcolumn vapors) fdtstdlatlon)
28.5% monoethanolamme. water. carbon dmxide Petroleum F 230. 245 0016~ O.Ol7c
and hydrogen sutflde 272 <o 0001 <o 0001
0.022.
<0.0001’
11% monoethanotamme. water. carbon dloude 2%. Petroleum F 230. <IO 0001 <o 0001
ptt IO-IO 5 frebader head) 240
15% monoethanolamme. water. carbon dloxtde and Petroleum F 230 270 x,0 0001
hydrogen sulfide (bottom tray of absorber)
(continued)
Ferrous Alloys 499
TABLE 4.13: VARIOUS STAINLESS STEELS AND HIGH NICKEL ALLOYS-CLIMAX MOLYBDENUM (cont’d)
Test
Corrosion mediums conditions Average corrosion rates (ipy)
15% monoelhanolamme. ethanol 34%. water 25%. Chemical F 325 102 xx x 00001 0.0001
Irlethylamme 6%
dlethanolamlne. hydrogen sulllde P&o- f 212 110 - x <0.0001 <0.0001 <0 OOOld <o 0001
chemical
dlethanolamlne. hydrogen sulfide (heat-exchanger Petro- F 200 110 - xx i 0.0001 c.0 0001 <0.0001 <o 0001
bonnet1 chemical 0 0002
30% dlethanalamme. water, carbon dtoxide 14 Petroleum F 100. 83 - x c.0 0001 <00001 (0 0001 <o 0002
voli vol water, pressure 10 ps~g durmg 450 hours 150
irebolter)
30% dlethanolamme, water, carbon dmxlde 30 Petroleum F IOO- 83 - x 0 0001 0.0001 00001 0 0001
voiivol water. prewre 285 pug durmg 500 hours 230
trlethanolamme slurry. hydrochlow acid Chemical F 90. 153 0.0009b 0 0004a 0 0002
200
mono- dl- and trlethanolamme, water <O 5% Chemical F 338 35.5 - 0.0009 0.0005
Idistillation)
mono-. dl-. and trwthylamw ammoma, water. etha- Chemical f 123 102 xx xx 0.017 0.0017
nol, pressure 175 ps,g 0.0002
91% 2.ethyl butanal, acetals and ketals lormed Chemical F 300 5 xx 0.005 0.0035
from glycol and carbanyls 6%, water 3%
90% approrimat.?ly2-ethyl butanol, carbonyls 3.4%. Chemical F 300 24 xx <0.0001 IllI 0.00066
butylene glycol 3%. toluene sulfonlc acid 0 5%.
copper sulfate 0 09.0.6%
90% approrimately2-ethyl butanol. carbonyls 3.4%, Chemical F 300 xx 0.0067 0 0028 0 0023
butylene glycol 3%. toluene sulfonlc acid 0.5%.
copper sulfate 0 09-O 6%
ETHlLENE
ethylene, cracked gases m quench water, organic Petro- F 160. _ 0 002a 0.0005b
acid trace, hydrochloric acid and carbon dwxlde chemical 170
traces, pH 5 approximately
ethylene. cracked gases m quench water, organic Petro- f 160 _ 0 019bdl 0 007adr 0.002
acid trace. hydrochloric acld and carbon dloxlde chemical 170
traces. pli 5 approximately
(continued)
500 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
TABLE 4.13: VARIOUS STAINLESS STEELS AND HIGH NICKEL ALLOYS-CLIMAX MOLYBDENUM (cont’d)
Test
Corrosion mediums conditions Average corrosion rates (ipy)
3 z
f r ,wt TIPE TIPE ALLOY
: 2 304 316 317 “20” 825
. . -----
ethylene dlchlorlde. “Pella” 011, steam, hydrochlonc Petro- f 210. 79 _ 0017 0.006ad 0.0055ad 0.002ad
acid trace lo11 stripper) chemical 240
ethylene dlchlorlde. “Pella” oil. steam, hydrochlortc Petro- F 100. 79 _ 0.0261 0.015 0.004ad
acid trace Ivapors) chemical 220
ethylene dlchlorlde. dilute hydrochloric acid (vapors, Chemical F 80 108 x - 0 OOOlad 0.0002ad 0 0002 0 0002a
hquld) idlstdlation) <o 0001 <0.000l <o 0001 <0.0001
0.108% Z-ethyl suberlc acid. sebacic acid 0.10246, Chemlcai F 500 42 xx x 0015 0 0086 0 0098 0 0073
diethyl adipic acid 0.024%. heavy organic acid
0 008%. ndecanolc acid trace, remainder water
stearlc and oleic acids Chemical f 475 147 x 0.0142cd <O.OOOlad ... ...
Ldistillalionr
steartc and palmitlc acids vapors. no air Ml unit) Pharma. F 221. 32 x <0.0001 <0.0001
ceutical 257
soap tatty acids, mixed Research 1 230 1.7 0.0305 nil ... ...
soap tatty acids. mlxed Research 1 250 1.25 0.0218 0.017 ... ...
vegetable latty acids, mixed, live steam Chemical f 365. 0.0021 0.0007 ... ...
374
cottonseed crude fatly acids (top vapor outlet of Chemical F 490 42 - xx 0.01 0.0001 .. . ..
vacuum still) ldistdlation)
cottonseed tatty actds Soap f 530 50.5 x - 0.0383~ <O.OOOlad ... ...
vapors from hot linseed expeller cake (Anderson oil Chemical F 170. 18 xx <0.0001 ... ...
expeller) 200
(continued)
Ferrous Alloys 501
TABLE 4.13: VARIOUS STAINLESS STEELS AND HIGH NICKEL ALLOYS-CLIMAX MOLYBDENUM kont’d)
Test
Corrosion mediums conditions Average corrosion rates (ipy)
90% approximately fatty-acids vapor and hquld Soap F 420 163 - xx 0.0005 <o 0001
from anlmal foot. strlppmg steam 20% (high- tdlstdlatlon) 0 00022
vacuum column1
40% ammal fatty acids, free pitch 60% fhlgh- Soap F 440 163 - x <o 0001 <0.0001
vacuum column bottom1 (dlstdlatlon)
ammal and coconut fatty acids Soap F 135 1218 - - <0.0001 <0.0001
anlmal and coconut fatty acids, mamly stearlc and Soap F 160. 553 - - 0 0001 0 0001
ole~c actds. ptl 3.6 200
fatty acids vapors from fish 011s Chemical F 450. 210 ~ x 0 0016a 0 00013ad
Mstdlatlon) 500
90% fatty acids. sulfuric acid 5%. sebaclc acid 3%. Chemical F 220. 1: xx xx 0 083c 0 256~
sodium sulfate, potasswm sulfate. water remamder 240
90% approximattly stearlc acod. ddute sulfuric acid Soap f 215 30 - I 0017’ 0.0018 00016 0.0018
5.15% 0.0029’
stearlc acid. ddute sutlurlc acid washed, water Soap f 215 57 - II 0001’ o.ooo2
Icypress tub) 0 023’ ooao3
O.OC&
stearlc and OICIC acids. their methyl and lsobutyl Chermcal F 250 21 - xx oooo4 <O.oool co.0002
esters. phosphoric acid, sodium methylate, isobutyl
alcohol and methyl alcohol traces
stearlc and palmltlc acids. 6O*Be sullur~c acid Soap f 180 35 - xx <.OCKlOl <0.0001
0 5% lllquld ImeJ
crude fatty acids and water alternately (water has Soap f 140 730 - - <0000I C.O.0001
ptt 3 due to sulfuric acid lrom previous process) WOtMl2
60% fatty acids. water 40%. sulfwc acid I 17% Soap F 212 21 - xx 0 0049ad 0.0007d
0057 0.003lad
ammal. vegetal and fish 011s. sulfuric actd. sodwm Soap F I30 I38 - xx 0 0021 0.0006 0 0005 0 0006
chloride and sodwm sulfate, pti l-10
fatty acids. nltrdes. ammonia and water, pressure Chemical F 590 51 - 0071 0.03 I 0 0083 0 0062
10 ps~g (vapors)
44.3% fatty acids, sullur~c acid 40 ~01% approxi. F 115. 30 - xx 0.0006 0001 0 0007
mately. naphthalene 14.3% 123
20-0.02X mixture of sebaclc, adlplc, stearlc acids Chemical F 250 77 x xx 0 125 0.015 0.004
and phthallc anhydrlde, toluene sulfonic acid 0 5% 0.016 0 005 0 004
flwd. vapors) 0.039’
0012’
(continued)
502 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
TABLE 4.13: VARIOUS ~TAIIVIISS STEELS AND HIGH NICKEL ALLOYS--CLIMAX MOLYBDENUM (mt’d)
Test
Corrosion mediums conditions Average corrosion rates (ipy)
20.0.02% mWwz 01 sebaclc, adlplc. stear~c suds Chumcal F 250 46 x xx 0021 0 003 0 0008
and phthalic anhydrlde, toluene sulfonlc acid 0 5% 0 003 0001 0 0007
(Ilqutd. vapors) 0 007’
0 002’
0 145
10% Research L AT. l
lerr~c chloride, ammonia. fatty acid Chemical F 216 106 x xx ‘,o 0001 <.0 0001 (0 0001
10X, cltrlc acid 0 5%. copper mns present Metal F 170. 38 xx 0 0004d (0 OOOld c nrl
iplckhng) 210
5%. lerrnoxlde slurry, water Chemical F 65 32 - xx <o 0001 <0.0001 <0.0001 c<0.0001
1.4% approximately. sulfunc ac!d 43 g/l Mlnmg F 150. ?I - xx c.0 OQOI’ <o 0001 <o 0001
168 c<o 0001
30%. orgamc wasles 5%. resorcmol 3%, hydro- Chemtcal F 175 IO - xx 0.0017cd 0 0014cd 0 0012cd O.OOlcd
chlwc acid 0 5%. abrawe won restdue. pH 1 SO 0029cd
(Iliter pressl L0.0017bd
0 28%. catalysts m reactmn product of an allphatic Chemical F 300. 340 - xx <O OOOla <o OOOla <O OOOla
ketone and a dlamylamme. pressure 570 <O OOOl’a
0.28%. catalysts m reactton product 01 an allphatlc Chemical F 300. 84 - xx 0.00015ad <O OOOla 0 0003a
ketone and a dlamylamme. pressure 570 0 00015’ad
24%. trace of wettmg agents. pti 2 5 (evaporator. Metal F 90. I6 - xx 0 OOOld 0 OOOld 0 0001
crystalluerl (pIcklingI 130
(continued)
Ferrous Alloys 503
TABLE 4.13: VARIOUS STAINLESS STEELS AND HIGH NICKEL ALLOYS-CLtMAX MOLYBDENUM (cont’d)
Test
Corrosion medrums conditions Average corrosion rates (ipy)
k
p”
I P
0’ u”p’ 3 f
s sg $ T T”PE TIPE TWL ALLOY
& <z 2 4 304 316 317 “20” 825
. . . . -----
20% sulfuric acid 19 5%. lltanwm dloxlde 10% Metal F 122- I 5 12’ 11.5ad
as sullale, sohds 2-396. l~tanwm (3) !on 1.7 g/I as 158
sullale, hydrogen sulflde trace (Oorr settling tank)
20%. lelnc sullate 16.18”; sodurn chloride 10% Chemical F 203 18 xx xx 0.19c 0 07cd CO 05cd
sodwm hypochlorlle 0 5-l 96. hydrochloric actd trace
lcypress tank)
16%. some wetl~ng agents. pH 2.5 Ievaporator- Metal F 180. I6 xx 0 0006cd 0.0003d 0 0002
crystalllrer~ tplckllng~ 210
10%. sulfuric actd 5% hydrafluorlc acid 5% Metal L 120 1.7 xx xx 0 393 0.191
ferrous sullale, sultur~c acid waste pickle Ilquor, Metal F 140 67 x 0 0002’cd 0 00018ad 0 000 I3ad 0.0003
PH 1 lpxklmg) so 0007’C so 00021 SO 00015ad
0.0002b
S0.0004b
LO 0008b
lerrous sullale. sullur~c acid, waste pickle hquor, Metal F 100 67 x x 0.0005’cd 0.0004cd 0 0002cd 0.0006cd
PH 1 iptcklmgt s0.001*c 50.0004b 0 00025cd
0.0005cd
S0.0007cd
LO.OOllbd
weak ferrous sulfate solution possible traces of Pamt and 450 33 _ 0.0107 00122 00111
ferric sulfate and dllule sullur~c aud (pressure yes- Varnish 0 0206
sel. llqutd mterlacel Icryslallua.
IlOll
lme lerrous sullldes. rock with 0 03 lb/ton solu- Mmlng F 91 22 xx xx 0 0003 0.0005
Iton INme. pH 9
commercial fertdlzer “Swifts 5-10-5.” sometimes Agriculture F RT. 290 xx - <O.OOOld <O.OOOld
damp
lert~l~rer, waler 67 89%. 75% phosphoric acid Research L 100 28 xx - 0 0001 0.0001
II 16%. potasswm chloride 9 7%. anhydrous am-
moma 2 45% lhall Immersed)
fertduer. waler 65 05%. 15% phasphow acid Agrulture L 135 28 xx - 0 0001 0 0001
16.74%. potassum chloride 14 54%. anhydrous
ammoma 3 67%. pH 6 6 (half Immersed)
fertduer. water 52 43%. 75% phosphonc acid Agrwlture L 135 28 xx - <0.0001 <o 0001
18.6% ammomum mtrate 9.34%. ootassum chlor-
Ide 8.08%. urea 1.47%. anhydrous &non~a 4 08%.
DH 6 5 (half Immersed)
(continued)
504 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
TABLE 4.13: VARIOUS STAINLESS STEELS AND HIGH NICKEL ALLOYS-CLIMAX MOLYBDENUM (am’d)
Test
Corrosion mediums conditions Average corrosion rates (ipy)
lerf~hzers ‘Uran 32,” “Feran 21.” “N~trana 4” Agrlcufture F 60. a4 - x LO 0001 LO 0001
80 <:o0001’
condensed fish solubles. pfi 4 2 Chemical i 90 105 - xx <0.0001 <0.0001 <0.0001 <0.0001
menhaden fish sllckwater. peptones. ammoaclds. Agriculture F 185 30 x x <0 OOOld <0.0001
gelatme-hke materials, sodwm chloride, calwm
and magneuum salts, audIbed with sullur~c acid to
pH 5 lsmgle eftect evaporator1
menhaden fish stlckwater, sohds 4 9596 acldlfled Agriculture F 212 28 x x ~.00001 “00001
to pH 4 5 wth sulfuric acid ItrIple etlect evaporator)
rdpurs frow menhaden llsh stlckwater contalnmg Agrwlture f 212 28 XX XX <o 0001 <o 0001
4 95‘., sollds and acldlfled wth sullur~c acid to
pti 4 5
llntreated menhaden llsh stickwater. caustic bollout Agriculture F 200. 51 - xx <o 0001 <0.0001
15”, washedwth hydrochloric acid S%tevaporatorl 220
bsh stlckwater, colltammg sodwm chloride 1%. sol- Agrulture F 124. 41 - * ~<0.0001 0.0001
fural: acid 2% Itubular evaporator) 200
fIsti stackwater. sollds 8 30%. acIdtIled wth sol- Agriculture F 200 51 x x O.OOOlbd <o 0001
furlc aLld to pti 5 3 (double eftect evaporator1
fluoborlc acid. alunwwm-hydrate slurry. ptt I 9 2 I Metal F 200 137 xx xx 0 0016cd CO.OOZcd 0.0023cd
3 84%. lree hydlsfluorlc acid trdce pti I7I 9 Metal f 95 137 xx xx 0 0003d CO 0015d 0.0003d
1%. dispersed /II organic medium Chemical 1 220. 013- - 0 0053c 00013 0.0008
250 c0.0006
fluosullomc waste acld contammg some oxygen, Chemical F 490 44 x 0 tic 0.29c 0 92c 0 43c 0 49c
chlorme. chlorine oxldes and sulfuric acid. sulfwc ldlstdlatlon) SO 027~ 0.029c
acid IO-25 ~01% added lstdl ootl
(continued)
Ferrous Alloys 505
TABLE 4.13: VARIOUS STAINLESS STEELS AND HIGH NICKEL ALLOYS-CLIMAX MOLYBDENUM bnt’d)
Test
Corrosion mediums conditions Average corrosion rates’iipyi
.
e
I f f
f 2 5 T”rT TIM TIPE ALLOY
9’ : 9 304 316 317 “20” 825
. . .
FLUX
alummum brazmg flux llthwm fluoride. sodturn Metal 1 800. xx - >0 56 >0.56
ftuorlde or sodun chlonde ialternately immersed) 1300
FOOD BRINE
Prague pickle solution. sodurn chlortde 889,, so- Food F 212 xx 0.0005cr 0.0001 <0.0001 <00001
dun nltrlte 6%. sodurn mtrate 4%. some dextrose
and glycerme
vapors arwng from Prague pickle solution. sodurn Food f 175 x xx 0 0004 <<O 0001 ,.o 0001 c0.0001
chloride 88%. sodwm mtrlte 6%, sodium nitrate
4%. some dextrose and glycerme
meat-curlog solution, salt 4 lb, sugarI 0 24 lb and Food F 45 <o OOOlr .<o 0001, <0.0001
Prague curmg powder kontams sodurn nitrate, “I- <o OOOl’r
trite and chtorldei 0 28 Ib,l gal water
brme solutmn, sodwm chloride 2.3%. mallc acid Food F 70 43 x x 0 0001 0 0001
<02”0 pH557
otwe brme contammg lactic acid. salt and water Food F 66. 95 _ 0 OOOld 0 OOOld
75
90.80%. vacuum 25.10 mercury tParaform rebollerl Chemical F 180 115 - xx nil rlll
TABLE 4.13: VARIOUS STAINLESS STEELS AND HIGH NICKEL ALLOYS-CLIMAX MOLYBDENUM hmt’d)
Test
Corrosion mediums conditions Average corrosion rates bpy)
99.5% trmxane. lormlc acid 0 01% lormaldehyde Chemical F 245. 125 - xx 0 01 0 0023
trace 265
65.50%. fornuc acid to 1%. sulfuric acid 2.4%. Chemical F 220. 10 x xx 00313 0 03 00214
water remainder 225
65.50%. sullurlc acid 2.4%. formic acid l-3%, Chemical F 220. 18 - xx 0.0244~ 00183
water 225
W-SO%. sullunc acld 2.4%, formz acid 0.5-l%, Chemical F 220. 15 - xx 0 0982 0 0398
water 225
60.40% formaldehyde vapors, formic acid t-4%. Chemical F 222 30 - xx 0 024’ 0017
sullur~c acid 1.3%
57.5% approrlmately tnoxane, water 40%. lormal. Chemical F 250 33 - xx 0 0003 0 0007 00001
dehyde 2%. methyl lormate and methylal 05%. 0 0003
total acldlty as lor~mc acid 0 5%. mmeral acid as
sullur dloxlde 0 002% oxygen 6 I ppm.
pH 2 8
50.40%. total acldlty as lormlc aud 2 9%. oxygen Chemical F 250 33 - xx 0 0423 0 0023 0 0023
4 8 ppm, mmeral aud as sullur trioxlde 00001%. 0 0029
water remamder. pH 1.9
48.37%. methanol 8% max. lormlc acid, pti 3-5 Chemtcal F 120 189 x xx \ 00001 <o 0001
47 5%. acidity as lormlc acid 0014%. small Rayon F 245 556 - 0 0032d 0 0002d
amount unsaturates. water remainder
46%. water 28% methanol 26%. lormlc acid trace Chemical F 437 859 - xx <o ooota ~.00001
lscrubbmg column bottom. gas stream) L~.oooolc L‘ 00001
s- OOGOI
42%. water 38”.. meLhanoI 20% form!c acid trace, Chemical F 167 859 ‘ 00001 ‘ 00001
pH 3-3 5 irectkatlon column) L<- 0 0001 d L._0000l
So. 0 0001
40%. water 37% methanol 23”,, lormlc acid trace Chemical F 158 859 - xx c on001 I 00001
pH 3-3 5 lscrubbmg column bottom) L* 00001 L. 00001
s< 0 0001
25.20%. 011s and water remamder tpurlbcatlon RayoIl F 285 b21 -~ xx 00001 oooot
column1
22%. lormx acid C 076%. water remainder, pH 3 1 Chemlcat F 280 306 - xx 0 0007d <0 OOOld
20%. water 80%. tormlc acld 0 1% Chemical F 235 198 - x 0.00081r <O.OOOld
20%. water 80%. lormlc acid 0.1% Chemical F 225 198 - x WI <O.OOOld
nil
18%. lormlc aud 0 1%. glycols remamder Chemical F 245 179 - xx 0 0002d <O.OOOld
14%. water 81% methanol 3.4%. pH 3 6 Chemical F 264 114 - xx 0 0006 0 0001
formaldehyde. methanol. tormlc acid iprlmary con. Chemical F 140 444 - xx c.0 0001 <00001
denser Inlet of gas stream1 L~:0.0001 L<00001
s<:o 0001 (continued)
Ferrous Alloys 507
TABLE 4.13: VARIOUS STAINLESS STEELS AND HIGH NICKEL ALLOYS-CLIMAX MOLYBDENUM bnt’d)
Test
Corrosion mediums conditions Average corrosion rates (ipy)
S Ei
0.3%. water 99%. methanol 0 77’0 Rayon 266 s 00001 < 0000l
2%. lormaldehyde 0 5-l 596. resins. higher glycols. Chemical F 300 27 0 0184 0 004 0 0024
water remamder (tower) koncentra- woo113 woo113
tmn1 L0.0007
wto 0004
lurlural water mixture, anthracene, phenanthrene Chemical F 244 40 <o 0001 00001
carbazole and other creosote residuals (column, (dlstdlationl
vapors)
453.5% Mural vapors, acetlc aud 1.752.5%, Chemxal F 330 70 0 002 00001 0 0001 0 000 1 0 0001
sollds 0 01-O 02% traces of lormlc acid. sullur~c
acid and acetaldehyde
4.5.3 5% furlural vapors, acetlc acid 1 75-2 5%. Chemical F 330 82 0 0029 0 0009 0 0003 0 0005 0 0002
sollds 0 01.0.04%. traces of sullur~c. formic acids 0 0002 0 0001 u 0001 00001 0 0001
and acetaldehyde
4.5-3 5% lurlural vapors, acetlc aced 1.75.2.5%. Chemical F 330 71 0 0044 0 0009 00012 0 0002 0 0002
sohds 0 01-O 04%. traces al sullur~c, larmlc acids corr 00017 00313 0 0036 00011
and acetaldehyde 0051 0012 0 0088 0 0024 0 0009
4 5 3 5% lurfural vapors. acetlc acid 1.752 5%. Chemical F 298 108 0 0018 0 OOIR 0 0004 0 0004 0 0001
sollds 0 02-O 08%. sullur~c acid, traces of lormlc 0.0001 0 0001 0 0001 00001 0.000 1
acid and acetaldehyde
4 5 3 5% Mural vapors and condensate, acetic Chemical f 208. 132 0.0001 0.0001 0 0001 0.0001 0.0001
acid I
75-2 5%. traces 01 formic acid and acetal- 220
dehyde tstrlpplng column)
lurlural condensate. acetlc acid 1 75-2 5% ktrlp- Chemical F 208. 132 0 0001 0.0001 0 0001 0.0001 0.0001
pmg column bottom)
(continued)
508 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
TABLE 4.13: VARIOUS STAINLESS STEELS AND HIGH NICKEL ALLOYS-CLIMAX MOLYBDENUM (cont’d)
Test
Corrosion mediums conditions Average corrosion rates (ipy)
coke-oven gas, leavmg sulfate saturator, moisture, Coal By- F 140. I33 x xx 0 0005’cd 0 0002
some sulfwc acid tar trace product 158 0.0008cd
mixed gases, air 86 5% hydrochlonc acid 10%. Chemical F 150. 42 xx xx 0.092cd 0.03bd
sullur dloride 2% water lb. sulfuric acid 0 5% 550
dlgester gas lrom dlgestlon of rnllk waste oa1ry F 100. 79 - - O.OOOlcd <0.0001
II0
drier exhaust air. wdtef 3 19%. hydrochloric acid Chemlcdl F 100 26 xx xx 0.015 0014a
0 06”vz sodturn Iluosllxate with 0 369; hydrochloric 0 013.a
acid a!r remamder
gases contatnlng caibon dloxlde, water, fluorine Chemical F 175 52 xx xx <0 16 0.057r 0.0037
volatlles and spray rondensate contammg “2%
acid as fluorine compounds
GAS. FLUE
llue gas. sullur 25 grams 1000 cu II of lOOO~BTlJ Research 1 ao- 250 oooo2 0.ooo1
luel gas 400
llue gas. nitrogen. oxygen. carbon monorlde and Chemical f 335 60 I x 0.0097 0.0009a o.oao7 0.0022a O.W21a
dloxlde. sullur lrmxlde lheat exchanger1
flue gas and condensate. sulfur dloxlde 0.1 ~1%. Power F 340 240 xx xx <o.Giw <O.oool <0.0001 <0.ooo1 <0.ooo1
sullur~c acid 50-75 lb/ hour. sobd fme ash 20 lb/ hour
Mler)
flue gas. carbon dmxlde 14%. oxygen 2%, sulfuric Chemical F 100 138 xx xx 0.013c 0.01 Ic 0.004c 0.004c
acid trace. remamder nitrogen. some moisture. soot
flue gas. carbon dmnde 14%. oxygen 2%. sullur~c Chemical F 90. 140 xx <oOOolc <0.ooo1 <0.0001 <O.OOOl
actid trace. nttrlc acid trace, remamder nitrogen. I30
some moisture. soot
Bunker C luel-011 combustmn condensate, sullur~c. Power F 91 xx xx 0 027cd 0.03lcd 0.006 0.015c
sulfurous acads and anhydrldes, other combustion 0.027’cd
products, no adddIve used
flue gases from kiln burnmg Bunker C ml. water Power F 360 158 xx 0.043 0.0246 0 0027
water, some vanadates lbollerl 0.051 0.0333 0.0029
flue gas lram boder bred gas contaming sulfur Power 330 158 xx <00001 <0.0001 <C.oOOl
dloxlde and trwde. water and some vanadates
llue gases from kiln burnmg Bunker C 011, water Sugar f 60. 31 xx 0.0002c <0.0001 <00001 <0.0001
vapor lrom wet dlatomaceous earth Impregnated 130
wth lmpurltles lrom raw sugar Ilquor. pH 5-6 (dust
chamber)
flue gas. nitrogen 78%. carbon dloxlde 18%. oxy- Pulp and F 500 535 x xx 0.0042cd 0 0019cd 0 0031bd 0 0026bd
nen 2%. sulfur dloxlde 1%. sulfur trmxlde trace Paper 0.003acd 0 0024cd
hydrogen sulbde trace, chlorides 0 05% some 0.0027cd 0 0016cd
magneswm-oxide ash suspended. and solution con. 0 0036cd 0 0049cd
tammg sullur trmxlde 1%. sullur dwde com- CO 0012cd
bmed wth magneswm oxide 0 5%. pH 5-5 5. but
3.3 5 durmg 60 days
(continued)
Ferrous Alto ys 509
TABLE 4.13: VARIOUS STAINLESS STEELS AND HIGH NICKEL ALLOYS-CLIMAX MOLYBDENUM (cont’d)
Test
Corrosion mediums conditions Average corrosion rates (ipy)
s
c‘
0’ 0‘
2 ALLOY
g 2
IL ;
TIM TIPS T”Pl
combustmn gases from natural gas and sulfur- Chemical F 460 240 ,_,o 0002a c OOOOla . OOOOla ~.0000la <00001a
bearing 011. water vapor 50% approximately karbon-
black bag collector)
rombustlon gases from natural gas and sulfur- Chemtcal F 410 224 _- <o 0001 <O.OOOld <o 0001 (0 0001 <0.0001
bearmg 011. water vapor 50% approximately karbon-
black bag collector)
combustion gases from natural gas and sulfur- Chemical F 340 271 <o OOOla <o.o001a ‘,O 0001 <0.0001 <0.0001
bearmg 011. water vapor 50% approximately tcarbon-
black bag collector)
tlue gases, products ot combustion of sultwc-acid- Chemical F 400. 73 * xx 0.007bd 0 0078cd 0 0068cd 0 009cd 0 0075cd
dlgested corn cobs, sulfur trloxlde. sulfuric acid. 450
carbon monoxtde, carbon dloxlde. ndrogen, oxygen,
water (heat exchanger1
llue gases, products ot combustion of sulfwc-acid- Chemical f 250. 71 x xx 0.0072a 0 0063cd 0 0054bd 0 0071cd 0 0051cd
dlgested co,” cobs. sultur trloxlde, sulturlc acid, 215
carbon monoxide, carbon dloxlde. nitrogen. oxygen,
water (heat exchanger1
flue gases, products of combustion of sulfurlc-acid- Chemical F 300 71 x xx 0 0008 <0.0001 ~0.0001 <0.0001 <0.0001
dlgested corn cobs, sulfur trIoride, sullur~c acid,
carbon monoxide, carbon dtoxlde, mttogen. oxygen,
water iheat exchanger1
flue gases. products of combustion ot sulfuruacld- Chemical F 300. 71 x xx 0 0004 <o 0001 <o 0001 <o 0001 <o 0001
dlgested corn cobs, sulfur trloxlde. sulfuric acid, 400
carbon monoxide, carbon dloxlde, ndrogen. oxygen,
water (heat exchanger1
llue gas from combustion ot Ohlo strip-mme coal. Power F 240 197 xx xx 0 0022 0 0021 0 0003
BTU’fb 12800,ash 129b.sulfur 2 5-4 5% (au heater1
flue gas from combustion of Ohlo strip-mme coal, Power F 195 270 x xx 0.001 0 0014 0 0003 0.0005
BfLl lb 12800, ash 12% sulfur 2 5.4.5%, sulfur
dloxlde 0 18-O 25 voloO. flyash 1% m the gas IN
heater1
flue gas contammg sulfur dloxlde. combustion Chemical F 500 50 xx xx 0.003 0 003 0 003 0 002
products of destructwe dlstlllatlon of furlural rest- 0 020 0 017 0 018bd 0013
due. llquld runnmg down the mst ellmmatur has
ptt 2 torganlc waste mcmeratorl
tuel-od combustion products, sulfur dloxlde. sodturn Chemical F 200. 20 xx xx 0.0002bd <O.OOOlad
carbonate. calcmed alumina m suspension tgas 425
scrubber1
kdn gas saturated wth water vapor irotatmg disc Fertduer F 131 58 xx xx 0 0001 0 0001 0.0001 00001
type scrubber1 c0.0001
hot gases saturated wlh water vapor. sulfur dloxlde Mmmg F 170 180 x x 0 0001 0 OWI 0.0001 0 0001
2.4%
wet flue gases, carbon dloxlde 14%. oxygen 2%. Gas F 90. 65 xx 0.022c 0.003c 0.0001c 0 OOlc
sulturous acid trace, nltrlc acid trace, soot trace, purlflca. 130
nttrogen remamder t1on
alummum Soderberg-pot gases and water scrubbing Chemical F 120 57 x xx 0 003’ 0.001
sprays. some tfuorme and sulfur dloxlde. pH 3 0 0014a’ 0.0008
(continued)
510 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
TABLE 4.13: VARIOUS STAINLESS STEELS AND HIGH NICKEL ALLOYS-CLIMAX MOLYBDENUM bnt’d)
Test
Corrosion mediums conditions Average corrosron rates (ipy)
hydrocarbon mixture. hydrofluorlc acid 2.6% Petroleum f 100 487 0 0004cd 0 0003ad
0 0004bd
95 Iso feed lo alkylation reactor contammg traces Petroleum F 100 400 I 0000l s-0 0001 <co 0001
of condensate
86% lsobutane r,-butane 9%. propane 2%. hydro Petroleum 100 250 0 001 0 0007
0001
fluorlc acld 2.3%
011 contalmng hydrofluorlc acid, sodwm hydroxide Petroleum F 270 28 0 085~ 007lc 0 0023a
solution 3%
alkylate. butane and Ilghter. sulfur dmrlde and tri- Petroleum F 128 384 L<O 0001 <O.OOOla co0001 <o 0001
oxode. water, pressure 200 PSI bpors, hquld) to 0001
cracked gasolme distdlate, from both gas od and Petroleum F 300. 123 0 0005 c.0 0001
reduced crude cracklog, pressure 100 PSI (depro- 350
pawer teboderl
process stream through fluId catalytic cracking Petroleum F 270 330 <0 OOOld (0 0001
umt. hydrogen sulfide 1 mol% m vapors llractmna-
t1on1
hydrocarbon. some organx acid and hydrogen sul- Petroleum F ~720 53 0001 0 002
Ilde. pressure (150 PSI (evaporator tower. va.
pars. Ilquld)
stabdlzed slralght-run gasolme. pressure 105 psi Petroleum F 325 318 0 OOlcd 0 0002cd
(crude stabdlzer)
gas condensate lor reflux. pressure 100 PSI (crude Petroleum F 150 318 0 0002cd <o OOOlc
stabtllzerl
hydrocarbon. water. hydrochloric acid, chlorides Petroleum F 105 441 WLO 0016c 0.0075c
WO.0203~
hydrocarbon gases C, to C.. catalytic cracked gaso- Petroleum F 110 317 <0.0001 <o 0001 <o 0001 co 0001
lme and water 50 gpm, carbon dloxlde ~01%. car- I
ban monoxlde I ~0196,
hydrogen sulfide 0 2 vol%
oxygen \ 0 05 vol%
hydrocarbons. water. hydrogen <l 5%. hydrogen Petroleum F 270 640 <o OOOlc <0.0001c
sulfide mtrogen, carbon monoxide and dnxlde. to- ilractlona-
gether <:I% Ivapors) tlon)
100% crackedod vapor, sulfur 05% (tower top Petroleum F 760 252 0 0027’ 0 0006
tray1 (fractIona-
IIon)
restdue from cracked gas 011 and vapor. speclflc Petroleum F 780 74 0 001 0.0009
grawty 9 API. sullur 1% Ievaporator tower bottom1
hot lopped crude 011. sullur 05% approximately Petroleum F 725 100 0 0013 0 0008
lbottom of hot.od separator)
gasolme. speck gravity 82 API, sulfur 0.021%, Petroleum F 225. 359 0.0012cd 0.0005cd
hydrogen sulfide 00029 Ibibbl. waler trace. pos- 250
stbly some ammoma
(continued)
Ferrous Alloys 511
TABLE 4.13: VARIOUS STAINLESS STEELS AND HIGH NICKEL ALLOYS-CLIMAX MOLYBDENUM Icont’d)
Test
Corrosion mediums conditions Average corrosion rates (ipy)
vapors from prunary drstrllalron of crude od. hydra Petroleum F 300 0 0004cd O.OOOZbd
ge” sulfide. hydrochlorrc acrd and amrnmonr”m
chloride
mrd contment crude 011, chlorrdes and sulfides. Petroleum f 245 258 - xx 0 0032bd 0 0016bd
ammonrum compounds concentratron 0 05N. pH 7-9
Hop of tower1
gas 011. specrfrc gravrty 40.45 API, some hydrogen Petroleum F 60 305 x x 0 0004cd < 00001 c.00001
sulfide. carbon droxrde trace
sour naphtha, water. hydrogen sulftde and chlorrdes Petroleum f 390 167 - x 0 oolxc <0.0001c
gasohne vapors treated wtth ammoma 46 c” Petroleum F 240 355 -- xx 0 0064~ 0 0056~
It/hour ltop of tower1 245
hydrocarbon stream, chlorrdes 130 ppm. phenols Petroleum F 285 430 ~ x ~ OOOOfd -10 OOOld <o 0001
45 ppm. sulhdes trace lprrmary column. reflux dts-
trrbutor above top tray1
high end pomt strarght-run gasolme. water, am Petroleum f 334 411 x- 0.0002 tO.OOO1
mow hydrogen sulhde and hydrochlorrc acrd ttop
01 tower1
hydrocarbon vapors, water, hydrogen sulfide <20 Petroleum F 180 137 - O.OOOSbd 0.0002ad
pprn hydrochlorrc acrd <I 3 ppm (between two
stages rn overhead condenser from crude frac-
tlonatorl
reduced redwater crude oil. superheated steam, Petroleum F 690 175 xx <0.0001 <0.0001 <O.OOOl
sulfur compounds, some naphthenic acrds
hydrocarbon hqurd and vapors m atmospherrc drs- Petroleum F 300 329 - 0.004a 0.003a
trllatron of crude od. chlorides 10 gibbl, hydrogen fdistrllation)
sulfide 5-10 glbbl (top tray)
strarght-run gasohne drstdlate hop of tower, vapors, Petroleum F 195. 156 - xx 0 0056b 0.005c
lrqurd reflux) 219 0 Ollc 0.0093c
hydrocarbon, short charn, hydrogen chloride rn low Chemrcal F 85 II3 - x O.OOla 0.0009a 0.0007a
concentratron (tower. condensate receiver) lfractrona- 0 OOla 0.0006a 0.0004a
tlonl
hydrocarbon, short chant. hydrogen chlorrde rn low Chemical F 355 113 - xx <o 0001 <0.0001 <0.0001
concentration (tower. reboder sectron) lfractiona-
bon)
hydrocarbon, short charn. hydrogen chlorrde rn low Chemrcal F 470 I13 - xx <o 0001 <0.0001 <0.0001
cancentratron (lower, reborler sectronl tfractrona-
tlonf
drstrllates. water, hydrogen sulfide and hydrochlorrc Petroleum F 250 412 - xx 0 0002a 0 OOOla 0.0002a
acrd traces, pfi 6 5-7
drstrllates. water, hydrogen sulfide and hydrochlorrc Petroleum F 175 412 ~ - 0 OOOla 0 0001 0 OOOla
acid traces, pH 6 5-7
overhead from crude-on fractronahon, hydrogen sul- Petroleum F 190 I28 - xx 0.0004ad 00002ad 0 0003a
fade, hydrochlorrc acrd
(continued)
512 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
TABLE 4.13: VARIOUS STAINLESS STEELS AND HIGH NICKEL ALLOYS-CLIMAX MOLYBDENUM (amt’d)
Test
Corrosion mediums conditions Average corrosion rates (ipy)
strarghtrun gasohne liqurd and vapor, gravity 61 Petroleum F 260 165 - xx 0.0004b 0.0003
API. water, hydrogen sulfide. some ammonium chlor-
rde. pH of condensmg water 8 (heat exchanger1
Stralght-run gasolme, malsture, gravdy 35.5 API Petroleum F 240. 76 - xx O.OlZcd 0.006gcd
average 375
strarght-run gasolme, some hydrochlarrc acrd and Petroleum F 250. 116 - xx 0.0034a 0.0012a
hydrogen sulfide 260
crackmg of Wyommg sour crude or1 containing Petroleum F 342. 132 -. xx 0 007ad O.OOOlad
hydrogen sulhde 0 106%. mercaptan sulfur 0 066%. 352
total sulfur 0.27% (top of tower)
condensmg vapors contarnmg waler, hydrogen sul. Petroleum F 268. 189 - x 0.003lc 0.0022c
fide. mercaptan sulfur and fixed gases 378
mrd-contment crude, gravdy 36 API average,. pH 7-9 Petroleum F 245 315 - xx 0.0009cd 0 0003cd
(top of tower)
crude or1 from varrous sources, hydrogen sulfide and Petroleum F 150. 330 0 002 0002
hydrochforrc acrd rn various concentratrons, not de- 270
salled:mhrbdors added flop tray of fractionator)
butane, propane, ethane, hydrogen sulkde. water, Petroleum F 130 160 - xx <0.0001 <0.0001
ammoma. cyanrde (overhead condenser)
gasohne. wdh normal hydrocarbon fractmns (vapors. Petroleum F 106 xx xx 0.0002ad <O.OOOlad
top of tower)
hydrocarbons, water, hydrogen < 1.5%. hydrogen Petroleum F 115 640 - xx <0.0001c <0.0001 .
sulfide, nrtrogen. carbon monoxide and droxide
together ~1% loutlet from main fractionator con-
densers)
lrght strarght-run gasohne. mercaptans (tower bot- Petroleum F 370 165 - x 0.0005cd <0.0001c
tom)
C,-poly gasolme, C, 5%, water ~1%. pH 55, Petroleum F 200 68 0.0028 co.0014
pressure 225 psrg fdepropanrzer reboiled
crude resrdue fvacuum lower bottom, slrlpping sec- Petroleum F 700 750 - 0.0003 0.0002 0.0061
tlonl
hqurd hydrocarbons and hydrogen recycle gas, sul- Petroleum F 600. 221 - xx 0.0004 0.0005
fur 1.2.1.7% m liqurd. hydrogen sulfide 3% and 650
ammonia 1% in gas
hqurd hydrocarbons and hydrogen recycle gas, sul- Petroleum F 730. 221 - xx 0.002 0002
fur 1.2.1.7% in Irqurd. hydrogen sulfide 3% and 775
.^I
ammorua 1% rn gas
(continued)
Ferrous Alloys 513
TABLE 4.13: VARIOUS STAINLESS STEELS AND HIGH NICKEL ALLOYS-CLIMAX MOLYBDENUM bnt’d)
Test
Corrosion mediums conditions Average corrosion rates (ipy)
steam d~stdlat~on of petroleum lubrlcatmg 011 after Petroleum F 600 10 - xx : 00011 00014
treatment wth 66’BC sulfuric acid ldlstlllation re-
cewer too)
steam dlstlllatlon of petroleum lubrlcatmg 011 after Petroleum F 600 30 - xx 0 0004 00005
treatment wdh 66”ElO sulfwc acid (dlstlllatlon re-
cewer top1
hght flashed dlstdlates and sour water wth some Petroleum F 170 98 - x 0.0002bd 0 00015ad
hydrochloric acid (vacuum flasher)
West Texas crude. being desalted, sulfur 0.1% ap- Petroleum F 150. 158 - - <O.OOOl <0.0001
prorlmately, pH l-8 (condenser, vapors) I60
mmed Louwana crude. sulfur 0.26%. salt 3-5 Petroleum F 750 238 - xx 0.0025cd <0.0001cd
lb/ 1000 bbl (vacuum flasher) 0.0048’cd
tar. grawty 13 API (bottom of Vitbreaker column1 Petroleum F 750 357 - x <O.OOOl <o.o001 <O.orml <O.OOOl
gasoline and salt water. total acid ~1% calculated Petroleum F 90 93 x x 0.031c O.Olc co.0012
as sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid trace (bottom
of Rock tower)
salt water under sour 011. chlorides 5850 ppm. so. Petroleum F 80 360 <O.OQOl <0.0001 <O.cnMl
dlum 4225 ppm. sulfates 2500 ppm. bicarbonate
2072 ppm. hydrogen sulfide 1714 ppm. calcium
835 ppm. magnewm 310 ppm. pti 7.8
sour water contammg some hght flashed distdlate Petroleum F 130 309 - x O.OOOlcd 0.0001c
and hydrogen sullide (vacuum flasher)
10% phenohc water vapor contammg chlorides 50. Petroleum F 220 71 - XX 0.004r 0.004r 0.004r
1320 ppm (phenol recovery tower) 0.03c 0.007 0.0009
0 02’c
24” API gas 011. hydrogen sulhde. naphthenm acids Petroleum F 725 35 - x 0.0003cd <0.0001 <O.OOOl <OOOill
Msbreaker bubble tower)
condensed reactor etfluent 01 hydrocarbons. pres. Petroleum F 100 258 - x 0001 0.0007 0.0011
sure 460 pug
relormet etfluent. hydrocarbons. hydrogen sulhde Petroleum F 875. 258 - x <o 0001 <0.0001 <o 0001 <o 0001
0.02.0 03%. hydrogen, pressure 500 psig 975
reactor eflluent flash gas, hydrocarbons. hydrogen Petroleum F 100 258 - x 0.0009 0.0006 0.0012 0 0006
sulhde 0 02-O 03%. pressure 460 pstg
naphtha leed, sulfur 0 01-O 02%. pressure 520 pslg Petroleum F 600. 258 - x 0.0002 0.0002 0.0006 0.0003
750
testdue from cracked gas oil and vapor. total sulfur F 770. 112 - xx 0.0006 0.0005
0 6-0.7% (evaporator tower bottom) 790
hydrocarbon vapors. hydrogen. sulfur 0 053% Petroleum F 625 102 xx 0.0004a 0 0003a
(continued)
514 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
TABLE 4.13: VARIOUS STAINLESS STEELS AND HIGH NICKEL ALLOYS-CLIMAX MOLYBDENUM hnt’d)
Test
Corrosion mediums conditions Average corrosion rates (ipy)
3
f TYPE ,“PE T”PE ALLOY
9’ 304 316 317 “20” 825
. . .
gas atmosphere. hydrogen 60%. methane 38%. hy- Petroleum f 900 9 0.025 0 027
drogen sulhde 2% k~ors)
gas atmosphere. hydrogen 60%, methane 38%. hy- Petroleum f II00 9 0 086 0.108
drogen sulfide 2% (vapors)
hydrogen 65-55 mol%. hydrocarbons 35.45 mol%. Petroleum F 640 130 0 0008 0 0007
hydrogen sulfide 12.20 grams/ 100 SCF (vapors)
hydrogen 65-55 mol%, hydrocarbons 35-45 mol%, Petroleum f 800 130 0 0013 00012
hydrogen sulfide 12-20 grams/ 100 SCF ivapors)
hydrocarbons 70.60 mol%. hydrogen 60-40 mol%, Petroleum f 650 130 0 0003 0 0004
hydrogen solfade 0 03-0.04 mol% (vapors)
hydrocarbons 70-60 mot%, hydrogen 30-40 mol%, Petroleum f 650 291 \o 0001 <0.0001
hydrogen sulfide 0 07-0.09 mol%. pressure 400 ps+g
(vapors)
hydrocarbons 70.60 mol%. hydrogen 30-40 mol%, Petroleum f 555 130 00001 00001
hydrogen sulfide 0 07-O 09 mol%, pressure 400 ps~g
ivaporsl
regeneralmn gas and overflow waler. carbon dl Petruleum f IOO- 57 0.0197c 0012lr
oxide. oxygen. sulfur dloxlde tract?, chlorme trace 500 00651 0.0178r
ammoma trace, pressure 300 PSI 0 028r
0 067r
regeneratwn gas and overflow water, carbon di- Petroleum f IOO- 47 100114c 0.0065~ 0 0012a
oxide, oxygen, sulfur dioxide trace, chlorme trace, 900 WLO Ol9c WO 0067~
ammonia trace. pressure 300 psi
wgm naphtha feed, hydrogen solflde 5 grams; 100 Petroleum f 910 90 0 0024 0.0025
co 11 average, recycle gas IS 35% of charge and
contams 79 mol% hydrogen, pressure 310 PSI
CLLATlNC
evaporated gelatme solutmn contammg 20.30% Food f II0 100 0 0004d <0 OOOld <0 OOOld
gelatme, salts 0 75%. actdlhed wth hydrochloric
aud to pH 3
gelatme Ilquor. acldlfled wth hydrochloric aud to Food f 130. 55 00001 00001
pH 3 8-4 8 150
50% approximately. pH 2 (evaporator, llqwd level) Chemical f 140. ..o 0001 \0.0001
150
(continued)
Ferrous Alloys 515
TABLE 4.13: VARIOUS STAINLESS STEELS AND HIGH NICKEL ALLOYS-CLIMAX MOLYBDENUM bm’d)
Test
Corrosion mediums conditions Average corrosion rates (ipy)
crude glutamrc acrd. ptf 5.6 Mash chamber above Food F 158 36 - xx 000013ad <O.OOOl
Ilquorl Ievaporation) 0.00024ad
glutamrc acrd crude, hydrogen peroxIde. pff 3.2 Food F 176 3 xx 0.0092cd 0.0012ad
GLYCERlNE
concenlrated glycerme saturaled wrlh salt. some soap F BP. 27 xx : 0 0027 0.0020
Iall 1” suspe”*lon Idrstdlat~onl
coocentraled glycerme saturated wcth salt. salt Soap F 300 89 - xx 0.00042ad 0.00029ad
crystals Ivapors) fdrstrllationl
concenlraled glycerme saturaled wrth salt. salt Soap F <320 124 x xx 0.0079ad 0.007Bbd _.
crystals fdrstdlatron)
110.15% glycerme saturated wrth salt Ilooster- Soap F 140. 91 -- 0.0003cd O.OOOlad ._. <O.OOOld <O.OOOld
Sanger evaporator) 220
30% half-crude glycerme. sodrum chlnrrde 20%. Soap L 210 I2 x x O.CfJl3cd 0.0036ad 0.003ad
lree bufyrrc acrd trace. water remarnder. pH 4 levaporafront
IO%, purrhed cellulose sausage casting strip. acehc Food F I30 61 x x 0.0004cd <O.OOOld
acrd. pH 6
GRAPEFRUIT JUICE
GREASE
wool grease bemg rehned. dtlute sulfurrc and hydro- Chemical F <210 105 xx x 0 09014 0.0001 0.00013
chlorrc acrds. alcoholrc caustic solution. hydrogen- 0.0001’ CO.BQOl
peroxide bleach, strong sodium-hypochlorite bleach,
2-6 batch cycle
wool grease being rehned. drlute sulfurrc and hy- Chemical F <210 123 x x’ 0 0024 0.0035 00006
drochlortc acrds, alcoholic caustic solutron. hydro- 0.0014’ c0.0007
gen-peroxrde bleach, strong sodrum.hypochlorrte
bleach, 2.6 batch cycle ltank bottom)
76% anrmal grease, sullurrc acid 22.1%. water re- Leather F 100 3.3 x xx : 0.0004 o.OOG9
mamder 0.0004’
halmum hydroxide suspensron m ammomum-sulfate Metal F 115 58 x-1 <o 0001 <O.OOOl <0.0001
and ammonurm.hydrorrde solution. pH 758.5 IftIter
press, hall Immersed) (continued)
516 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
TABLE 4.13: VARIOUS STAINLESS STEELS AND HIGH NICKEL ALLOYS-CLIMAX MOLYBDENUM hmt’d)
Test
Corrosion mediums conditions Average corrosion rates (ipy)
90% horrmme slurry, ammonia 0.1%. lormaldehyde Chemical : F I40 32 II II <o.ooo1 <0.0801 ... ...
0.01%
43% heramme mother hquor, lormaldehyde 0.2%. Chemical !F 125 28 I XI <O.OOOl <0.0001 ... ...
ammonia 0. I %
25%. lormaldehyde 40%. methanot 17%. am. Chemical f 150 32 I ss <0.0001 <09001
monia 0.3%
hrrane vapor. lowboiliq vapor horn lall oil, sullur Chemical f 257 250 <0.0001ad <09001 <0.0001
dioxide 0.3%. waler5%
NVWINE
nvDnoBnoYIC ACID
hydrobromic acid. variws concentrations, decom- Chemical f 200. 37 - I O.OlRcd 0.0035cd ......
position products 01 ethylene dibromide idistillation) 212
hydrobromic acid, hydrochloric acid, crude ethylene : Chemical F 168 55 0.0274bd o.ctos8w ......
dibromide tdistdlation)
nYDRocHLoaIc ACID
s** .I‘0 HYDROOEN CnLORloE
hydrochloric-acid lumes lrom tank contaming hydra. Metat F 166 41 xx x 0.00&Z o.C@71c 0.0966a 0.0059C
chloric acid 19% approximately (pickling) 180
5% ; Research i L 95 6 xc I 54.1
TABLE 4.13: VARIOUS STAINLESS STEELS AND HIGH NICKEL ALLOYS-CLIMAX MOLYBDENUM hnt’d)
Test
Corrosion mediums conditions Average corrosion rates (ipy)
water conlaming small amounts or traces of hydro- Metal F 160. 41 x x 0.0016 0.0007 0.0022 0.001
chloric acid (pickling) 180
moist au containing hydrogen chloride : R.T. 137 0.003cd O.Ml4cd
20%. sulfuric acid 5%. nitric acid 5% Chemical F 120 12 L5.23 3.28
(pickling1
1X%, non-ronrc detergent 0.188%. amine-type in- Soap F 72 90 -- 0.003c 0.0033 0.003 0.0029
hibitor 0.125%. water remainder 0.003’c
6% approximately. “Polyrad” I1 1Oa aminetype in. Petroleum F 100 4 x x 0.437c 0.656 0.485~ 0.414c
hrbitor 0.5%. some ferric chloride and cupric chlo- 0.437.c
ride
1%. bow acid 0 1%. chlorme <IO0 ppm. water Chemrcal f 77 87 xx xx O.OWd O.D003d
waler, mmeral acids approxlmateiy 70.80 ppm. Heatmg F 140 68 x xx <O.wol <O.OOOl <0.0001 <O.ooOl
ptf 2.8.3.5. pressure 5 psig (heat exchanger) Water
wash water. usually low but varying concentration Rubber F 45. 210 xx xx 0.0001c 0.0001 b
of hydrogen chloride Ihydrogenxhloride fume scrub. 70
berl
hydrochlorrc acrd. lactic acrd. pfi 4.5 Dairy F 170 60 xx I <0.0001 <0.0001
prolem hydrolysate mixture. hydrochlortc acid, food 1 110 84 x x 0.0015cd 0.0001 0.0001 O.cKlOl 0.0001
some sulfur dioxide, pH 1.5 O.OO~S’cd
HlDROC”lNlC ACID
WIDROFLUORK A,tlD
12 vol%, waler vapor 17 ~01%. sulfuric acid 10 Chemical ’ F 350 14 - xx corr 0.24 co.43
~019~. lluos~hc~c acid I ~01%
(vapors and con- >0.38
densate)
(continued)
518 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
TABLE 4.13: VARIOUS STAINLESS STEELS AND HIGH NICKEL ALLOYS-CLIMAX MOLYBDENUM bnt’d)
Test
Corrosion mediums conditions Average corrosion rates (ipy)
50%. au 30% waler 12%. sullur~c acid 7%. SI~I- Chemical F 350 0 133 0.163 co 081
‘on tetrafluorlde 1% (vapors) 0.139 0 113
29%. glass-etchmg solution. ammonia 14% as am- Glass F 140 lO3- x 0 140’ 0.1
mon~um blfluorlde water durmg 72 hours, and 40%
hydrofluorlc. ammonia 15% as ammonium blttuo.
ride. ammonw~ fluosillcate 4% water durmg I76
hours
8%. some fluosdlclc acid letchmg of tubes) Televwon F RT 120 xx x 0017 0013 co 0066
Tube 0 0064
Manulacture
8%. sorne fluosllwc acid tetchmg of tubes1 Televwon F RT 120 xx xx 0 008 0 0034 co001
lube 0 025 0.0086 0001
Manufacture co 002
0 002
6%. organic fluorides 71%. benzene 19% Petroleum F 215 226 - - 0012c 0012b 00041
5%. lerrous sulfate IO%, sulfuric acid 5% taller- Metal L 120 I 8 xx xx 0.393 0.191
nately Immersed1 (pickling)
3%. fluorme Ilquor, sulfwc acid 0 5% Fertihrer L R.T. I41 0.023 0.008C 0.003
1%. regenerated hydroftuow acid. lsobutane 07%. Petroleum F I28 226 - - 00008 0.0004 O.CHlO6
n-butane 9 6%. propane 2 4% tdepropanlzer. above
top tray beslde feed Inlet)
regenerated hydrofluorlc acid. propane ldepropan- Petroleum F 250 226 - - 0.0013ad 0.0014 0.001
~zer accumulator bottom)
20%. phosphoric acid l5%, sulfunc aci!I i% Chemical F I75 I6 xx xx : LO.021 0.003 0.0007 0.005
0.015 0.001
16%, water 83%. s~hca 05%. phosphoric acid Chemical F 120 62 - - 0.02c 0.016~ 0.0025
0 3% 0.013
(continued)
Ferrous Alloys 519
TABLE 4.13: VARIOUS STAINLESS STEELS AND HIGH NICKEL ALLOYS-CLIMAX MOLYBDENUM (cont’d)
Test
Corrosion mediums conditions Average corrosion rates (ipy)
10%. some hydrofluoric and phosphoric acids Chemical : f 140 19 xx X’ 0.24 0.13 0.025 0.116
96%, sodrum-Ruosilicate crystals with 1012% Chemical ;F 100 163 xx xx: 0.0017bd
crystal water
8.5%, electrolytic-lead solution, lead ftuosilicate, Metal ‘F 176 60 . 0.023 0.001 .. . nil
msoluble anode slimes, lead 80 g/l, total acid (lead
149 111 refiningl
hydrofluosihcic acid, water, fluorine 0.2% approxi- Chemical :F 85 22 --: 0.003 0.0018 0.0014
mately as hydrofluosilicic acid (gas scrubbing tower
base)
spray water and gas containmg low concentrations Chemical F 122 22 x xx 0.085 0 052 00086
of hydrofluorrc acid, sulfur dioxide, and sillcon
tetrafluorrde (gas scrubbing tower)
moist gas having a low content of hydrofluoric acid, Chemical F 122 22 I xx 0 018’ 0.0012 0.0013 0 0008
sullur dioxide and silicon tetrafluoride (gas scrub- 0.018
bing)
““OROGEN CHLORIDE
see a110 ““DROCHLORIC ACID
95%. dry, acetyl chlorrde 3%. acetrc acrd 2% Chemical F 52 14 - xx 0.196 0.139 0.042
hydrogen chlorrde. dry dry chlorine, orgamc mate- Chemical F 302. 26 - I: 0.0012
rral 527
hydrogen chlorrde, dry caustrc soda (autoclave, Rubber F 573 60 - - L<O.OOOla O.OOOla
vapors) <O OOOla
hydrogen chlorrde, dry, caustrc soda lautoclave, Rubber F 573 60 - - LO.OOOla 0.0002a
vapors) 0.0004a
hydrogen-chlorrde vapors from vent system and ab- Ravon f RT 3.3 - - 0.015r
sorber
hydrogen chloride, hydrogen, “Zucex” process, hot Atomrc 1112 LO.025 0.0077
cycle only Energy LOO21 0.0°6*(continued)
520 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
TABLE 4.13: VARIOUS STAINLESS STEELS AND HIGH NICKEL ALLOYS-CLIMAX MOLYBDENUM kamt’d)
Test
Corrosion mediums conditions Average corrosion rates (ipy)
hydrogen chlorrde. dry, hrghboiling ether Research 1 R.1 0.0064 0.0017 ... ...
hydrogen chlorrde, wet. high-borhng ether Research L R.T. 0 0068 0.0035 ... ...
hydrogen chlorrde. purge. high.borlmg ether 212 0.005 0.0046 ... ...
hydrogen chloride made by volatthzmg hydrochloric- Textrle F 220 0 0065ad 0.0036ad
acrd solution 31.5% (shaft leadmg to woolrag
carbonize0
hydrogenchlorrde fumes from tank contarnmg hydra- Metal F 160. 41 xx x 0.0086c 0.0071c 0.0086a 0.0059c
chlorrc acid 19% approxrmately iplcklmg) 180
HVORWEN lLROIUOE
IOX, acetrc acid, cationic resin, acetylrted castor Chemical f 212 1 XI xx 0.027d 0.008d
oil during 8 hours; and athaline wash, water wash, so.059d
sodium sulfate during 6 hours tepoxydation reactor)
““MWEN SULFIDE
hydrogensulhde gas saturated with water vapor Chemical F 100. 64 - OMtO1 <0.0001
170
8566 oaf%. ammonia 3-17 mall. carbon dioxide Petroleum F 260 288 - xx ; <0.mo1 <09001
7.12%. small amounts of chlorrdes. cyanides and <0.ooo1’
hydrocarbons fvaporst
hydrogen sullide. traces of ammoma. carbon diox- Petroleum F 215 396 - x ; <O.oOol nit 00001 <o.ooo1
ide and hydrocarbon, diethanolamine. water tvaporsl <0.0001’
hydrogen sulfide, mercaptans. acidrc moisture, pres F 725 242 - - : 10.0003 10.0003
sure 25 psr (Cotter bubble tower, bottom head)
hydrogen sulhde. carbon monoxrde and droxide. Carbon F 220. 93 - xx <o.O001c <0.cQO1c < O.owI
ndrogen. oxygen trace, some carbon-black dust Black 230 <0.0001’c
ILyagfdter plenum chamber floor)
(continued)
Ferrous Alloys 521
TABLE 4.13: VARIOUS STAINLESS STEELS AND HIGH NICKEL ALLOYS-CLIMAX MOLYBDENUM (amt’d)
Test
Corrosion mediums conditions Average corrosion rates (ipy)
hydrogen sulhde, hydrochloric acid from breakdown Petroleum f 180 O.WO8cd 0.0003cd
of chlorides and sulfur compounds in crude oil (top tfractiona- 220
tray of fractronator) troll)
1.5 vat% hydrogen, hydrogen partial pressure 485 Petroleum 750 25 _. 0.0122 0.0112
psC WO.0083 co.01 13
CO.0084 10.0119
LO.0104 LCO.0052
1w0.0078
LCO.0057
1.5 valX hydrogen, hydrogen partial pressure 405 Petroleum 975 41 0.0239 0.0208
psig wO.0171 CO.0220
co.0154 10.0240
10.0250 LCO.0117
LW.0212
LCO.0123
hydrogan sulfide, sour water, light hydrocarbons Petroleum F 100 568 -- <0.0001 <0.0001 <0.0001
water contaminatad with hydrogen sulfide, mow Petrochemi- F 72 106 - xx O.WOlad 0.0001ad O.ooOlad <O.OOflId
ethanolamine trace (vertical condenser) Cal
Idrstillationl
NVDRDQUINDNE
NVD”DXVACETIC ACID
IODINE
10%. non-romc datergent 90%. some hydrochloric ! Soap F 72 80 -- 0.002 0.9003 0.0002 O.Ooal
acid 0.002’
8.3%. isopropyl alcohol 11%. hydrochloric acid : Soap F 72 w - xx 0.0071 0.0023 0.0073 0.0039
2%, nonronrc detergent remainder 0.0071’
KLROSLNL
TABLE 4.13: VARIOUS STAINLESS STEELS AND HIGH NICKEL ALLOYS-CLIMAX MOLYBDENUM bnt’d)
Test
Corrosion mediums conditions Average corrosion rates (ipy)
94%. butane 5%. acetrc acrd 0.7%. organrc acids Chemrcal F 122 276 x x
trace
roohng felt stock from rags, small amount of kero- Construction F 60 100 xx x <o 0001 <O.OOOl
sene, paper, sawdust. consrstency 0.5%. pH 7 ap-
proximately lcylmder machine)
KETENES
25%. carbon droxrde II%, carbon monoxrde 12%. Rayon f 68 200 - xx c ---. 0.0001
acetrc acrd ll%, butadwne 10%. allene IO%, ethy- LC
lene 1%. acetrc anhydrrde 1%
94% methyl-rsopropyl ketone, ethyl-wnyl ketone Chemical f 175 x <o 0001 <0.0001 <o 0001
3%. methylethyl ketone 0.1%. alcohols 0.1%.
hydroquinone 25 ppm. water remainder
60% methyl+sopropyl ketone, ethyl-vmyl ketone Chemrcal F 190 60 - x : <o 0001 <0.0001 <0.0001
15% ,
VI~YI-ISOD~~~VI .,
ketone 0.5%. dimer 4%.
methylethyl ketone 0 1%. alcohols 0.1%. water
remamder
44% methyl-Isopropyl ketone, water 50%, drmer Chemrcal F 230 60 - x 0.0025a 0.0021 00013 0.0006
3%. phosphorrc acrd l%, vmyl-rsopropyl ketone
I%. alcohols 1%
36% 4.hydroxy 3-methyl 2-butanone. water 50%, Chemical F 225 125 - x : <0.0001 <0.0001
methyl-Isopropyl ketone 10%. formaldehyde 2%
1% methyl.rsopropyl ketone, water 60%. drmer Chemrcal F 225 60 - x 0 00013 0.00016 <o 0001
10%. formaldehyde 1%. vmyl-rsopropyl ketone 1%.
alcohols l”i 0
2 8% methyl-Isopropyl ketone, 4.hydroxy 3-methyl Chemrcal F 220 17 - x 0.0001 0.0001 0.0001 0.0002
2-butanone 3% ethylwnyl ketone 0 6%, phos-
phortc acrd O-6%, formaldehyde 04%. water te-
mamder
LACTK ACID
65% BP 6 xx 0.036
>BO%. reduced pressure tstlll pot, Irqurd) Chemrcal F 330. 6.5 - 0.0005 0 0006
tdrstdlationl 355
60%. sofutron saturated wrth calcium sulfate. won Dairy F 110 15 - x 0.0039cd 0.0005cd
100 ppm 0.0027’cd
60.30% lactrc-acrd vapor. vacuum 26 in. of mercury Corn F 115 42 - xx 0.0026’cd <O.OOOlad <O.OOOld
lcontmuous evaporator) Products 0.003cd 0.0003ad
W0.002d
TABLE 4.13: VARIOUS STAINLESS STEELS AND HIGH NICKEL ALLOYS-CLIMAX MOLYBDENUM (cont’d)
Test
Corrosion mediums conditions Average corrosion rates (ipy)
I & 0’
g f f T”Pl T”PE T”Pl ALLOY
P
9’ 2
- 304 316 317 “20” 625
. . . -----
1%. methylene blue 0 01%. possibly cupric loos Pulp and F 70 90 xx - <o 0001’ <0.0001 <0.0001 <0.0001 <0.0001
ftank bottom1 Paper <0.0001 s<0.0001 s<0.0001
S<O.OOOlad L<O.OOOla
L<0.0001
LACTOSE
LEAD FWOSlLlCATE
lead-fluosdlcate electrolyte, total hydrofluosdicic Metal F 117 25 x x’ 0.0072 0.0063 0.0062 0 0065
acld 13 32%. free hydrofluosllw acid 6 49%. lead (lead
6 9% as lead lluosdlcate. pH <O (pump tank) refmmg)
LEAD OXlDE
oxldes. carbonates and chlorides of lead. tm and Chemical F BP I23 xx 0 0007 0 0001 0 0001
antImany. aqueous slurry tdlrect-ttred evaporation
pan1
LEAD-PLATING SOLUTION
lead, tm and antimony platmg solution. mainly fluo- Metal -F 70 59 -- 0.0003 0.0003 0.0009
berates (plating)
crude levulmtc acid (vapor head of acid still) corn I F 225 29 x 0.0133cd 0.0038bd
Products ; 0.0124’cd
(distillation1 :
levuluwacld vapors. hydrochloric acid 3.5%. for- Corn F 140 10 x 0.2cd 0.061cd
rmc acid 2.5% (evaporator. vacuum) Products 0.19’cd
con
corr
ldhlum bromide (vapors durmg 4M) hours, llquld Metal f 205 67 0.0007cd 0.0006bd 0 003bd
durmg 600 hours above 212 F. then hquld during 217
600 hours below 212 f) (continued)
524 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
TABLE 4.13: VARIOUS STAINLESS STEELS AND HIGH NICKEL ALLOYS-CLIMAX MOLYBDENUM (cont’d)
Test
Corrosion mediums conditions Average corrosion rates (ipy)
Illhum bromide lhqud durmg 1000 hours above Metal f 205 <O.OOOla <O.OOOld <O.OOOld
212 F. then 600 hours below 212 Fl 217
30% during 26 days. calcium chloride 25% during Chemical F 20. 172 - x. <0.0001’ <0.0001
146 days, vacuum (bottom of columnt (dehydration) 68
vapors from a bodmg lithium-chloride 30% solution Al, F 240 40 - x car,., 0.0069cr
(evaporator) Conditioning
36.353, sodium chloride 0.8%. calcwm chloride Metal F 160 31 - x 0 0002ad O.OOOZad
0.4%. traces of won, copper, mckel. manganese and
sulfates. pH 5-6 (heating cod)
7%. magnewm chlorate 3%. chlorme 3%. mag- F 131 20 >0.28 >0.29 C0.445cd
nesum hydroxide 0.25-l%, pfi 6.2-6.4 itop of ab- corr corr
sorption tower)
magneswm oxide. carbon dloxlde, motsture. some Chemical F 160 235 xx xx 0.0001 0.0001
sulfur d!oxlde (type N Rota-Clone hydrostatic pre- OOOOlb 0.0001
clpltatorl 0 OOOlc O.OOOla
0.001 lc 0.0002c
0 0014c 0.0001c
2.7.2.1%. concentrated apple julce. soluble sohds Food F 135 42 - xx <o.ow1 <O.OoOl
72% (mostly sugars). pH 3.3-3.45 (Maloonier vacuum
pan)
0X1-0.33%. apple sauce. soluble solids 21% Food F RT. 57 - - <0.0001 <0.0001
(mostly sugars). rodwm chloride trace, pH 3.4-3.7,
temperature 216 F initially
0.45.0.35%. fresh apple puce. soluble solids 12. Food F 50. 42 xx x <o 0001
14% lmostly sugars). pli 3 55-3 65 (tank bottom) 05
(continued)
Ferrous Alloys 525
TABLE 4.13: VARIOUS STAINLESS STEELS AND HIGH NICKEL ALLOYS-CLIMAX MOLYBDENUM bmt’d)
3 :
$ I TWX TWX TIE ALLOY
u‘
2
. 304 316 317 “20” 825
. . .
morslure and sullur lumes lrom kiln drying of green ’ Srawing f 65 223 - xx <o.Ooot <o.o001
malt lexhausl venlrlator slacW
YANGANLSE CHLORIDE
manganese sullale, traces of calcrum. rron. srlrcon. Chemrcal L 212 24 0 008~ 0.0009
copper levaporatron)
manganese sulfate, sulfurrc acrd, sulfurous acrd of Mrning F 60. 23 x x 0.0001 0.0002
varyrng concentrahons 145 c<o 0001
manganese-sullate solutron oblamed wrth manga- Chemical F 180 245 xx xx 0.0006 0.0005 o.oOC5 0 0005 o.clwJ5
nese droxrde and oxrde ore and sullurrc acrd 5%
approxrmately
MERCIPSOL
MERCURIC CHLORIDE
(continued)
526 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
TABLE 4.13: VARIOUS STAINLESS STEELS AND HIGH NICKEL ALLOYS-CLIMAX MOLYBDENUM (amt’dl
lest
Corrosion mediums conditions Average corrosion rates (ipy)
melhacryhc acid. methyl methacrylate during 330 Chemrcal F 77 <0.0001 <O.OOOl <O.OOOl
days, and au during 110 days lcrackmg unlt)
95.15%. ammonra. hydrogen sulfide, various mer- Paper F 180 762 x xx <O.OOOld <O.OOOl
captans, water and au together l-10 g/I (vapors) tdrstdlation)
60%. acetone 23%. methyl acetate 15%. water Chemical 165 355 <0.0001 nil nil
2%. acetlc acid 0 03%. pressure 16 psig
50%. acetone 35%, 2. Pdlmethoxy propane 8%. Rayon f 158 473 - xx <0.0001 <0.0001
methyl acetate 3%, ethanol 2%. methylethyl ke- nil
tone I%, water 1%
36%. methyl acetate 38%. methylethyl ketone Chenwal F 149 150 xx <o 0001 <0.0001
33% water 3%
36%. methyl acetate 38%. methylethyl ketone Chemical F 104 417 x <0.0001 <0.0001
33%. water 3%
35%, acetone 25%. methyl acetate 20%. acetalde- Rayon F 144 707 - 1x <0.0001 <0.0001
hyde 12%. water 5Y 0
22%. water 55%. acetone 20%. methylethyl ke- Rayon F 180 435 - xx <0.0001 0.0001
tone 1%. ethanol 19.. traces of esters and ammo.
Norm hydroxide
19%. water 60%. acetone 16%. ethanol 1%. Rayon F 223 294 - xx (0 0001 <o 0001
methylethyl ketone 0 5% ethyl acetate trace, so-
dun hydrorlde mjecled. pti 12
10.5% methanol and methylal. traces of formic acid Chemical F 200 52 - xx 0.0001 <O.OOOl
and carbon droxrde, water remamder
g%, caustic 1.15%. amme salt 12%. sodrum chlor- Chemrcal F 85 20 x xx 0 0001 LO.0002
rde 1%
5.3% methanol and melhylal. water 95.98% Chemrcal F 210. 52 - xx <0.0001 <0.0001
220
0.5%. water 98.99%, xcbutanol 0.5%, methyl- Chemrcal F 225 37.4 - x 0.00027 0.00018
ethyl ketone trace, formaldehyde trace
YE,““LAt.DEH”DE
TABLE 4.13: VARIOUS STAINLESS STEELS AND HIGH NICKEL ALLOYS-CLIMAX MOLYBDENUM (cont’d)
Test
Corrosion medrums conditions Average corrosion rates (ipy)
0’ $
f I NPI TIM WPE ALLOY
2 u‘
- 304 316 317 “20” 625
. . . -----
methyl-chloride atmosphere, latty amme 75% solu- Chemtcal F 190 55 xx 0.0002ad 0.0002ad 0 0002 0.0001
tmn m ~sopropanol, amme hydrochloride, qualer- SO 0004ad S0.0002ad
nary ammomum chlorides. some free hvdtochlorlc
acid, pH 3-8
methylene chloride, tormaldehyde, traces of 011s Rayon F 140 628 x <0.0001 <00001 .,
and water
“ethylene chlortde, formaldehyde, traces of 011s Rayon F 185 628 x <0.0001 <0.0001
and water
“ethylene chloride wet, traces of hydrochlonc Plastlc .F 70 59 -- <o 0001 <0.0001 <0.0001
acid and other ~O~JSI~~S (solvent
recovery)
methylene-chloride vapors. water vapor, possibly Plastic :F 100 59 - x <0.0001 <0.0001 <o 0001
traces of hydrochloric acid and other couos~ves kolvent
(top of column) recovery,
dlstdlationl
methylene chloride. pyrldme. water. acetone, hydro : F 100. 56 x <0.0001 <0.0001 <0.0001 <0.0001
chlorlc acid trace (vapors1 tdtstdlation) 248
90%. methanol 10%. acetone 0 5.1%. water 0.2. Chemical jF 65. 400 x x <o 0001 <0.0001 nil
0 3%. acldlty as hydrochlouc acid 1 ppm after car- 85
bon dloxlde removal
40%. acetone 50%. water 10%. traces of hydra- Plastlc F 175 60 - x O.OOOlad O.OOOlad O.OOOld O.OOOld
chlorlc acid and phenollc-type products freboder) tdtstdlatmn)
22.5%. water 75%. methanol 2.5% thquid outlet Textile F IOO- 53 xx x. nil nil
from adsorber condenser) Mvent 140
recovery)
22.5%. water 75%. methanol 2 5% (vapor inlet to Textile F 100. 51 x xx 0 0008r 0.000lr
adsorber cook0 (solvent 250
recovery)
2.5%. water 95%. methanol 2.5%. acetone 0 2%. Chemical F 75. 396 x x 0.0001 0.0001
acldlty as hydrochloric acid O-IO ppm 85
0.5X, water 98.5%. methanol I%, acldlty as hydro- TextlIe F 75. 560 IllI nil
chlorlc acid 0.007%. copper mn 12 ppm, chlorme fsolvent 85
IO” 6 ppm. MO” IO” 2.5 ppm recovery)
(continued)
528 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
TABLE 4.13: VARIOUS STAINLESS STEELS AND HIGH NICKEL ALLOYS-CLIMAX MOLYBDENUM kont’d)
Test
Corrosion mediums conditions Average corrosion rates (ipy)
hexamethylene tettamme, an alkyl chloride durmg Chemical F 303 100 - x <O.OOOl’a <O.OOOl <o 0001
90 days. and ammoma. aryl.alkyl chlonde during 10
days lautoclavel
90%. ethyl acetate 5%. water 5% Chemical F I67 390 x 0.0002 0.00017 0.00012
90%. water vapor 10%. hydrochloric acid trace Sugar Ety- f 190 9 x xx O.llOc 0 007d
Ievaporator. VaporsI product
82%, water 14%. methanol trace, ret-butanol trace Chemical F 180 38- x 0 00028 0.00013
73%. water 15%. methyl isopropyl ketone 4%. Chemical F 160 125 - x . 0 0001 <:o0001
formaldehyde Z-3%, alcohols 2%
50%. ethyl acetate 40%. water 10% Chemical F 176 25 xx <O.OOOl 0.0002
44%. ethyl acetate 37%, other esters and ketones Chemical 162 29 xx O.OOOla 0.0001
14%. water 7%
25%, water 75%. ethyl acetate, other esters and Chemical 167 29 xx 0.0001 0.0002
ketones
20%. methyl acetate 20%. ethyl acetate 15%, Rayon 140 535 - xx 0.012a 0 0007
acetone 15%. acetaldehyde 10%. waler 7%, alco-
hols 5%. methyl formate 4%
18%. water 80%. alcohols 1%. trlethanolamine Chemical F 200 3.8 - x 0.00021 0.00019
1%. formaldehyde trace
15%. water 70%, ethyl acetate 15% Chemical f 176 39 x 0.0003 0.0002 <0.0001
13%, ethanol 35%. water 18%. other esters and Chemical F 181 29 XI 0.0005 O.O@M
ketones 22%, butanol 12%
8.7%. ethyl acetate 84%, light ends and htgh Chemical 135 - xx 0.0001 0.0001
boders 2 45%. water remamder
turnethyl phosphate, hght ends, audlty as acetic 255 241 - xx llll nil
aud 0.31 g/l, pti 4 8
MILK
(continued)
Ferrous Alloys 529
TABLE 4.13: VARIOUS STAINLESS STEELS AND HIGH NICKEL ALLOYS-CLIMAX MOLYBDENUM bnt’d)
oxtdued sludge effluent lram the dIgestIon of milk Dairy F 80 c.0 0001 <:00001
waste, total sohds 1000-1500 ppm, pH 7 5 tclarlfler)
oxldlzed sludge and mwed liquor trom the dIgestIon D.alry F 82 <00001 < 0 0001
of mdk waste. total sohds 0 8.1.2%. oti 5-7 7
taeratmn tank1
sludge and hqwds from dtgestlon 01 mdk waste, Dairy F 104 79 - - ,00001 <o 0001
total sollds 0 pH 7.2
I 5’7,
dlgester sludge lexcess oxldlzed sludge and whey), Dairy F 105 79 --. cOOOD1 .,. <D.OOOl
total solads 1.7%. pH 4 5-7 5
dIgestIon supernalant liquor lram the dlgestmn of Dairy F 98 79 - - <:o 0001 <O.ODDl
mdk waste, total soltds 3000 ppm. pti 7.5
dlgester gas from dlgestmn of mdk waste Dairy F 95 79 - - <O.OOlcd <0 0001
dIgester gas lrom dIgestIon of mdk waste Davy F 105 79 - - 0 OOOlcd <D.OOOl
dlgester gas from dlgestmn 01 mdk waste, steam Dairy F 110 79 - - <O.OOOlbd ~0 0001
from heater
60% Sulfuric acid. mtrlc acid 20%, water 20% Explosives F 212. 12.5 - - 0.0006 0.0003
lnltrocellulose bodmg tub) 215
59% Sulfuric acod. nitric acid 22%, water 19% Chemical L 150 7.2 DO013 0 0005
59% sullur~c acid, mtrlc acid 22%. water 19% Chemul L 181 2.4 0.0065 0.0043
40% rullur~c acid. ntitrlc acid 20%, water remamder Research L 150 - 0.004 0.0046 0.0012
23% approximately sullwc acid. nltrlc ac!d 26% Metal F 150 31 - x D.ODO13’ 0.00011 c0.00014
appronmately, water remainder (plcklmg)
MOLASSES
molasses acldllled wth sulfwc acid contammg Sugar F 195. I x 00019 0.0015
small amounts of phasphonc acid. pti 6.6 5 Icooker) 210
fumes lrom molasses mwng tank. sulfur dloxlde. Food F RT: 33 IX x ;DDODlbd <OOOOlad
acetlc acid. calcium chlortde lbluwerl 150
NlP”T”l
naphtha 400 API, some hydrogen sulhde and all- Petroleum F 100 400 - - <:o0001 <0.0001 <O.DOOl <O.ODOl
phatic acids alter vapor.phase clay treatment tdlstdlatwd
naphtha. IBP 257 F. EP 400 F, speclflc grawty 47 3, Petroleum F 320 538 x <O.OOOlb <o.Ocma
sulfur 00089,. small amounts of dissolved am. Idlstdlatton)
monla. traces 01 water and hydrogen sulfide (sump
of top tray 01 column1
heavy naphtha lrom West Texas crude sulfur 04. Petroleum F 85 156 x - .,O OOOld <O.OOOld <o 0001
0 5% hydrogen sulhde. traces ol hydrochlarlc acid, Idlstdlatmn)
carbon dloxlde and water
(continued)
530 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
TABLE 4.13: VARIOUS STAINLESS STEELS AND HIGH NICKEL ALLOYS-CLIMAX MOLYBDENUM (cmt’d)
lqht naphtha (top ot tower. vapors1 Petroleum F 200. 750 ., O.OOOlbd 0.0004ad <O.OOOla
300
tqht naphtha. ammoma. hydrogen suthde. water. Petroleum f 100 369 - xx 1 ml L nil
chlorides trace. pressure 45 pug
96% solvent naphtha, some mtrogen oxides pos- F 170 35 0 0003 <0.0001 00001 <:o 0001
slbly evolved Ml column, vapors) s<o 0001 so 0002
vlrgm naphtha stock, hydrogen 24 ~01%. hydrogen Petroleum F 576 150 xx 0.0014
sulhde 0 21 ~01%. hydrocarbons remamder. small
amounts of amrnonla and hydrochloric acid
polymerlred naphtha, resin distillate. boron tri- Coal By F 123. 66 - xx 0.04 0.015 0012 0 0075
fluoride etherate 5% product (tar 195
distillation)
NAPHT”Al_ENE
crude naphthalene, associated neutral coal tar oils Coal By F 440 65 - xx <0.0001 nit
K.P. 200-300 C) Icolumn) product (tar
fracliona-
lion)
naphthalene, naphthalene sulfonic acid, sulfuric Coal By- F 190 45 XI xx corr corr
acid 66”BC and 50”& (conical washer bottom) product corr*
naphthalene, sulfuric acid 6O”B& caustic wash lo%, Chemical F 199 12 - xx corr corr 0 56 0 34
water wash, cychc operation (washer bottom1
washmg naphthalene. sulfuric acid 66’BC 1.1-1.3 Coal By- F ZOO- 20 xx xx 0.0672 0.141
~01%. water washmg and neutralizing wth 10% product 210
caustic soda 8.16 ~01%
65% naphthalene, tar acids 19%, ammonium chlo- Coal By- F 380 60 xx <0 OOOlcd Illl
ride 0.7 lb/ 1000 gal. pti 5 5 (column) product (tar <O.OOOl’d
fractlona-
lion)
naphthalene, chloronaphthalene, calcrum chlortde. Chemical F 300. 63 -- 0 0005 0 0004 0 0003 0 0002
calcium owde, hydrochloric acid trace 360 0.0002 WO 0006
0.0002
NAPHTHANATES
naphthanates and thallates of lead. cobalt and man- Paint and F R T: 382 x <o 0001 <o OOO! <0.0001
ganese Varnish 350
naphthenlc acid I” dlstdlates from South American Petroleum F 500 174 - x <0.0001 <0.0001
petroleum. sulfur 2.4%
naphthemc acid m heavy dlstlllate from South Petroleum F 554 59 x 0.0236 0.0002
Amer~canpetroleum,sullurcontentolgasolme 1.7%
(continued)
Ferrous Alloys 531
TABLE 4.13: VARIOUS STAINLESS STEELS AND HIGH NICKEL ALLOYS-CLIMAX MOLYBDENUM (cont’d)
Test
Corrosion mediums conditions Average corrosion rates (ipy)
heavy dIstIllate from Lagumllas luel contammg Petroleum F 107 0 0365 0.0011
naphthenlc acids, neutralization value potassum lgasollne LO 0187
hydroxide 2 5 mgig thigh vacuum tower) condensing)
naphthenlc acid tllquld I~ne) Chemical F 450 15 0 057 0 0003 0 0002 00003
0.057’
24.3% approximately. tree ammoma 30 g!l. oxy- Mming F 300 11 s0.0004 so0009
gen partGil pressure <300 ps,g
21.7% approximately, free ammoma 30 g/l, hydro- Mining F 300 1 so.02 so.003
gen partial pressure 375.400 ps,g. total pressure so 007 so 004
500 psrg Ivapors, Ilquld)
NICKEL.PLITING SOLUTION
punbed nickel-plating electrolyte, mckel 42 8%. Metal F 116. 121 <O.OOOld <0.0001
sodwm sulfate 31 6%. boric acid 21 5%. calcium Iplating) 120
sulfate 121%. chlorme lo” 0053%. copper IO”
0 001%. IlO” lo” 0001%. pH 5.2
mckel-platmg bath, nlckef chloride 27 ozigal. nickel Metal F 135 42 0.0007 0.0005
phosphate 12 ozigal. borx acid 5.5 ozigal, pH iplatIng)
3.3 5
NICHEL .s”LfITE
39 1.23%. copper 0.0015-0.02 g/I (evaporator) Mining f 191 232 <0.0001 <0.0001
1 O-0.751. hydrachlonc acid, pti 3.3.5 Metal F 160 176 0005lcd 0.0005cd <0 OOOld <O.OOOld
IplatIng)
NlCOTlNE
NlCOTlNlC A.cILl
mcotmlc acid. n~acene amme. dtammonlum phos- Chemical L 535 0.31 0.45
phate, ammonta
NITRIC AClD
(continued)
532 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
TABLE 4.13: VARIOUS STAINLESS STEELS AND HIGH NICKEL ALLOYS-CLIMAX MOLYBDENUM bmt’d)
Test
Corrosion mediums conditions Average corrosion rates (ipy)
95.&S4.5% white fuming nitric acid, water 3.5 Aircraft and i L A.T. 10 --: 0.0008 0.0008
3.9%. nitrogen dmxlde 0.94.1.67% Missile
95.694.5X white fuming nitric acid, water 3.5. Aircraft and !1 122 10 --: 0.045 0.05
3.9%. nitrogen dioxide 0.94-1.6796 Missile
95.M4.5% white fuming nitric acid, water 3.5. Aircraft and L 160 10 __1 0.16 0.2 co.05
3.9%, nitrogen dioxide 0.94.1.67% Missile
white fuming mtrlc acid, inhibited Aircraft and : R.T. 30 I LO.OQO2 o.OOil2
Missile :
white turning nitric acid, inhibited Aircraft and 160 7 LO.001 0.0067
Missile :
92.8.92.3% red fummg nitric acid, mtrogen dmxlde Alrctaft L R.T. 10 __j 0 0006 0.0008
4 9% water 2 3-2 9% and Mtsslle
92.8-92.3X red fuming nitric acid. nitrogen dmxide Arcraft L 122 10 --I 0.065 0.075
4 9% water 2 3-2 9% and Mssile
92.8.92.3% red fummg nltrlc acid, nitrogen dioxide Alwalt L 160 10 --: 0.17 0.26 co.05
4.9% water 2 3-2 9% and hksile
red fummg mtrlc acid. speclflc gravity 1551.59, Chemical L R.T. 2 _ -. 0.0004
nitrogen dloxtde 13.18%, water 2.5%
red lummg nltrlc acid. nitrogen dloxlde 6.5%. Research L 250. 0.3 - - i 12 2.5
water 2-396 300
red tummg &tic acid, nitrogen dloxlde 6.5%, Research L 50. 2 -- 0.0006’ 0.0007
water 2.3% 80 0 0004
TABLE 4.13: VARIOUS STAINLESS STEELS AND HIGH NICKEL ALLOYS-CLIMAX MOLYBDENUM hmt’d)
5% Research L 98 6 xx - <0.0001
5% Metal L 86 14 xx xx <0.0001
L,0.0001
TABLE 4.13: VARIOUS STAINLESS STEELS AND HIGH NICKEL ALLOYS-CLIMAX MOLYBDENUM bm’d)
Test
Corrosion mediums conditions Average corrosion rates (iPY)
65.46%, z~rconyl nltrate 11.13%. chloride ion 5 258 10 0 063~ 0.16 0 049 0 026
ppm.
water LO.12
X1-20%. raffmate solutlo”. chlorides 500-1000 Ml”l”g F <175 200 - x 0 0004 0.0005 0 0004a 00005
ppm. fluorides 50 ppm (vapors, Ilqud, concentra. banurn 0.0007 0 0004
tar column) reflnlng)
30% approximately. rafhnate solution, chlorides Ml”l”g F 1175 320 - x 0 OOlad 0 0009 0001
885 ppm average (vapors. hquld. concentrator (uranwm 0 002d 0.0003 0 0004
column) teflnlng)
1%. hydrochloric acld 10% lplcklmg tank) Metal R 1: 2 - - >2 74cd 1.64d
160
50.25%. plckllng solutton for alummum. water Metal 75 3 -- 0 038 0.06 CO.172
36 75% hydrofluorlc acid 13 7% fplcklmg) 0.058’
20.15%. hydrofluorlc aud 3% Metal 130 1.8 - x >5.9 LO 193 0218 0.161 0 203
(pIcklingI
12-b%, sulfuw acid 5.8% hydrofluorlc acid 1.1. Metal 100 101 xx 0.002 0.0001 0.0004 0.0001 0.0005
12% phosphoric aud <I%. “Virgo” salt deter. fplckfmg) 0.0014 s<0.0001
gent
ll.lO%, sulfuric acid ll-15%. hydrofluorlc acid Metal 70 3.3 - xx 1.29c 1.65
09-l 1% (pickling)
concentrated nttrtc acid. organic acids as glucomc, Chemical 165 I - x 0 002 0.0023 0 0033
saccharlc acids, mtrogen dlowe and oxide, water, OK
corn starch
(continued)
Ferrous Alloys 535
TABLE 4.13: VARIOUS STAINLESS STEELS AND HIGH NICKEL ALLOYS-CLIMAX MOLYBDENUM hont’d)
Test
Corrosion mediums conditions Average corrosion rates (ipy)
6 $
59.5X, water 39%, chromic acid 1% Rubber F 68. 42 x xx : 0.0061 0.0076 0.0116
62 0.0061’ 10.0113
56.5%, phosphonc acid 44%. nitrogen dioxide Research 1 112 15 - x 0.012 0.013
1.5%
56X, metal mtrates 11.13%. chloride ion 5 ppm Chemical :F 258 10.3 - xx : 0.063~ 0.16~ 0.049c 0.026
based on nrcorwm LO.lZc
45.40%. zirconyl mtrate 0.8M, sulfate ion O.OV.4, Chemical F 190 44.7 x xx 0.0016 0.0022 0.0008
van loo 0.003M (concentrator column. vapors above Ifractiona-
reboller pot) tion)
4135%, saturated solutmn of 10.35% nrconyl- Chemical F 245 29 xx xx : 0.027 0.047 0.026
Mate crystals (evaporator. vapors, hquid) 0.026 0.042 0.021
mtrlc acid. mtrogen oxldes ..36%, methyl ethyl Pharma- F <415 79 - xx 0.0044 0.021
pyrldme, macm. pressure (Ilqwd. vapors) ceutlcal S0.0069a 0.017
0.0088
LO 0052b
0 0091
s>o 073
L 0017
30%. mcotlmc acid, methyl ethyl pyrldme Chemical F 617 13 - xx 0 0062 0.43
0 39 12
LO 39
Ll 4
29.26%. free acid 20% approximately, remamder Atomic F 160. 52 xx XI 00013 00012 0 0009
mtrates of iron, magnewm, lead and alummum, Energy 190 so.04c so 03c
fluoride ion 3%. sulfate ton 2% (rattmate evapo-
rator)
(continued)
536 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
TABLE 4.13: VARIOUS STAINLESS STEELS AND HIGH NICKEL ALLOYS-CLIMAX MOLYBDENUM bnt’d)
21.2%. metal nltrates 02.25%. sullate trace, Chemical F 222. 0.0052 0.012 0 0074 0 0046
chloride lo” 3-13 ppm based on zirconium 265 LO 0098
18%. terephthallc aud 6%. former acld 0 2% Chemical L 303 1 0 025 0019
0041
18% approximately untreated nltrlc acid. rallmate Mmmg L 195 IO 0 0005 0 0002 0.00015 0.0004
contammg lree nltrlc acld 3N. combmed rutrates
of won. copper. calcwm, cobalt 2 7N. some phas-
phates and arsenates of these metals, calcwm sol.
fate 20 g/l, chloride mn 50 ppm
nltnc-acid Ilquor, high co,wentratmns of lfon and Mmmg F 212 60 0.0045 0 004
other morgantcs Ievaporator. vapors)
14% apprwmately raffmate. lree nltnc acid 4N. Metal L 210 57 001 0.003
sullates 01 van. copper, cobalt, caluum 16N. phas-
phates and arsenates 01 these metals, chloride ion
50 ppm approximately
ralfmate treated wth sulfuric acid. lree nltrtc acid Metal L 250 84 0 0175ad 0 02 0013 0 026
4 6N. free sullur~c aud 0 4N. sulfates 01 capper,
iron. cobalt and calctum, phosphates and arsenates
of these metals, chlonde non 50 ppm
(continued)
Ferrous Alloys 537
TABLE 4.13: VARIOUS STAINLESS STEELS AND HIGH NICKEL ALLOYS-CLIMAX MOLYBDENUM bm’d)
Test
Corrosion mediums conditions Average corrosion rates (ipy)
90%. carbon dmxlde 6%. carbon monoxide 1%. Rayon F 86. ii78 - x~ <.0000l 0 0001
traces of butanes, penlanes, water and atdehydes 131
OIL. CRUDE
crude o11, sodwm chloride 67 lb/l000 bbl. sulfur Petroleum F 230 43 xx 0.01 I 'cd 0 005cd
0.342% as sulfides (top of crude flash tower1 (dlstillatmnl 0 008Cd
lllmo~s crude ml, API gravity 37, salt 100 lb11000 Petroleum F 250. 463 x <0.0001 <O.ooOl
bbl, sulfur 0 4% (vacuum pipe stdll 350
sweet crude, small amount of hydrogen sulfide (flash Petroleum F R25 73 x 0 0006 0 0008 0 0006 00015 0 0008
towert
OIL. FUEL
light fuel 011, some water, ethylene dichloride and Petroleum F 225 45 xx 0 02’cd 0045c
hydrochloric acid
hghl fuel ml, some water, ethylene dlchlonde and Petroleum F 150 45 xx 0 004’ad 000%
hydrochlwc acid
IueM washmg. aud wash wth 66”86 sulfwc acid Petroleum F ao- 56 xx xx 0 018’b ooiaa 0017.3
4 lbibbl durmg 4 hriday. and caustic wash wth 105
Io’ak sodurn hydroxide 1~1%
combuslmn products of gases horn 011burners, sul- Chemical F 1100 42 xx x 0 007b 0.007a 0 008 0.006
lur dmxlde, sulfur trwxlde. selentum dioxide (uptake
from shmes roastmgl
lube OIIL, azeotraplc salutmn of water and phenol Petroleum F 210. 230 xx 0 0002 00002
10% Ialternately Immersed) 230
sour lube 011. hydrocarbons 58%. water 40%. WI. Petroleum F 100 IS - - 0 ooaad 0006a
lur~c acid 2% (heavy 011agitator bottom) 0 019ad
lubrlcatlng 011s.sulfurvz acid. total acldlty 25% Petroleum F 220 10 - - 0 566 056
lube-ml frachan of heavy crude prmr to neutralua- Petroleum F 620 I83 x xx 0 0016cd 00001 co 0001
tlon. naphthenlc acads. orgamc sulltdes. some strip- Mstdlahon) 00016'cd
pmg steam (vacuum tower, vapors)
(continued)
538 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
TABLE 4.13: VARIOUS STAINLESS STEELS AND HIGH NICKEL ALLOYS-CLIMAX MOLYBDENUM kont’d
Test
Corrosion mediums conditions Average corrosion rates (ipy)
98% mmeral ml, water 2%, caustic added at reflux Rayon F 392. 1168 <0.0001 0.0002
200 lb/day 401
80% absorptmn od. butane and pentane 18%. car- Rayon F 131. 1168 <OOoOl <0.ooo1
bon monorlde and dmwde 2%. water trace 158
hght 011 washmg wth sullur!c actd concentrated and coat By- F 52. 189 0.002d O.OO3d O.Wl4
sodlum hydroxide 20%. carbon disulhde. hydrogen product 140 CO.OW6
sulhde. water 5% tliqwd level1
light 011 Ibenzene. toluene. aylene) warhmg wth Coal By- f 115 30 0.02cd 0.017 co.025
sulfuric acid 92.98% and wth caustic soda 16 product 0.051c 0.048 co.033
VOI % 0 OOSa 0 005a co.004
crude benzol washed wth sultur~c acid 93%. dduted Coal By- F 110 41 0 073c 0.09c 0017
to 50% actd m cycle, lotlowed by neutralizatmn product 0.02 0.087 0.012
wlh mdk 01 hme 0 077c 0.015 0.002
non-conderwble gases and condensate of hght gas Petroleum F 90. 50 0.00067ad <O.OOOl
ml. condensed steam Ivacuum-stdl condensate Imel 120
hydrocarbon 011. small amount of sulfuric acid, new Chemical f 110 57 <0.0001 <OolNl
trahzed wth caustic solutmn 10% (vapotsl
hydrocarbon od. small amount ot sutfwc actd. new Chemical f 120 57 <O.OOOlb <O.ooolc
tralwed wth caustic solution IO%
hght 011. steam dlstdled wth creosote wash 011 Chemtcal f 284. nil
Itop. bottom ol stdlt Icoal) 320 0.0002
cracked petroleum gas od. combmed rullu~ Petroleum f 760 175 xx 0.0042 0.0037
< t 27°C.. mercaptans. orgaw sulbdes (second
stage tar separator)
gas 011 lram crude charge. sullur 0 5% (bottom tray Petroleum F 715 116 II 0 0005 0.0005
of tower) Ifractmna-
tlon)
strlpper 011. Jlmonene 95%. lighter alcohol, esters Beverage F -30 246 xx xx <0.0001 <0.0001
and other components durmg 7 days. and alcohol
65.60%. water during 239 days (freezer)
vapors and droplets of peroxldes. aldehydes, acro- Chemical F 30. 253 xx xx <o 0001 <0.0001
lem. fatty acids. 011 traces. all suspended m air 200
(fume box at base of venturi scrubber)
50.20%. sulfuric acid 1.5.3%, suspended crystals, Chemical F 125 25 xx 0.0003d 0 0004 c0.00044
sollds
oxaltc acid, “Oakde” solution, sodium bisullate, un- Metal L 180 4 -- 0.0002 <o 0001
known wettmg agent 2% approximately (pIcklIngI 0 068
(continued)
Ferrous Alloys 539
TABLE 4.13: VARIOUS STAINLESS STEELS AND HIGH NICKEL ALLOYS-CLIMAX MOLYBDENUM bmt’dl
Test
Corrosion mediums conditions Average corrosion rates (ipy)
0.23% ozone III air, nitrogen pentoxlde 0.1 mg/l Chemlcat F R.T. 60 0 0004
approximately
ester gum. drymg 011s fvapors, hquid) Pant and F 550. 20 0 0001
Varnrsh 600 0 0001
neutralized varmsh, acetlc acid 63 7%, water 16%. Plastic F 122 73 <o 0001 <o 0001
methyl acetate 2 5%. ammonium sulfate 2 2%. lor-
maldehyde I
7%. ammonwn acetate 0.3%
PALM OIL
sulfite-dlgester hquor, free sullur dloxfde 7.02%. Pulp and F 131 55 <0.0001 <0.0001
combmed sullur dloxlde 1 21% ImU composltlon Paper
average). cookmg acid has sulfur dloxlde 7.42%
total. pH 1.32, pressure 65.70 psig
sulhte Ilquor, lree sulfur dloxlde 6 3%, combmed Pulp and F 172 51 0 0005bd 0 0001 0 0001
sullur droxade I 2% Paper
sulllte cookmg acid, total sullur dloxlde 6%. com- Pulp and F 260 96 co 0002 0 0004 0 0007
bmed sulfur dloxlde 1% tat start of cookmgl Paper 0 0025~ 0 0005
c0.0002
calcium-blsulhte cookmg tlquor, free sulfur dloxlde Pulp and F 79 172 to 0001 0 0001 0 0001 0 0001
4 4%. combmed sulfur dloxrde I 1% Paper
sulbte pulpmg vapors. large amount of wet sulfur Pulp and F 180 17 0 0002b 00001
dloxlde Paper
paper stock, weakly acid to pH 5 (flow box) Pulp and F 65 109 0.00014cd <0 OOOlad
Paper
paper stock. corwstency 3% approxamately, sul- Pulp and F 84 76 <o 0001 10 0001
lurrc acid 4 mgil Paper
water suspension of sulhte fiber 0 4%. sulhte waste Pulp and F 35 48 n1l nil n1l
I
liquor trace. pH 6 Illat screen header) Paper
.NI~OIWI sulllteblsulflte solutlon, sullur dioxide Pulp and F 103 1 0 0002 0 Ml03
3x, pti 6.2 (top at packmg m absorption tower) Paper
(continued)
540 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
TABLE 4.13: VARIOUS STAINLESS STEELS AND HIGH NICKEL ALLOYS-CLIMAX MOLYBDENUM (cont’d)
Test
Corrosion mediums conditions Average corrosion rates (ipy)
ammonium sulf~le~btsulf~te solutlan. sulfur dioxide Pulp and F 107 2.2 II: xx 0 0003 0 0004 0 0004 0.0004
3%. pti 6 2 (top of packmg I” absorption tower) Paper
dlgester hquor, sulfur dloxlde 4 7.5%. calcium bl- Pulp and F 70 faa I 0 0001 0 0001 0.0001
sulfite 3 4% Paper
sulfite pulp suspension. consistency O.SZ%, dtis. Pulp and f 45 97 - - (0.0001 <0.0001
solved sollds 1500-2000 ppm IsulfIte screen head Paper
box1
sulfite pulp consistency 0 25-O 6%. pH 4 5-6 (Johns. Pulp and F 51 106 xx I): 0.0001 0.0001
so” screen head box) Paper
wash water from sulfite stock. pH 5 75 fsulflte seal Pulp and F 60 140 - ..o 0001 <o 0001 c<o 0001
Dll) Paper
wash water from sulfite stock. pH 5 twhlte-water Pulp and F a4 140 xx ‘ 00001 x.0 0001 c~ooool
seal box) Paper
sulfde waste liquor Pulp and F 190 180 II IX 0 0001 0 0001 00001 00001
Paper
water vapor wth orgamc sulfide, remainder sodwm- Pulp and F 228 64 - - 0 0001 0 0001 0.0001
base sulfite hquor recovery. pH 4 5 (evaporator, Paper
VaporsJ
sodwm hydronde II 5% expressed as sodtium ox- Pulp and F <350 31 0 0002’ 0 0006 0001
Ide. sodwm carbonate and sulfide etc 5%. cook- I Paper
mg Western red cedar tblow end cone of rotatmg
dlgesterl
sodium hydronde II 5% expressed as sodwm ox- Pulp and F ~350 31 0 0002’ 0.0006 0 0006
Ide. sodwm carbonate and sulfide etc 1 5%. cook- Paper
mg hemlocks 90% and spruce 10% (blow end cone
of rotatmg dlgesterl
ktaft pulp stock, alum wed, pH 6 5-7 (paper ma- Pulp and F 90 43 <0.0001 <0 OOOld
chme, flow boxI Paper
flue gas from kraft black.hquor recovery furnace. Pulp and F 160. 66 0 012cd 0.0002cd O.OOOlbd O.OOOlbd
sodium sulfate, sodium carbonate. sulfur dioxide. Paper 200
sulfur trloxlde. hydrogen sulfide. methyl mercap-
tan, water, orgamc oxtdatlon products. sodium com-
pounds as sodturn sulfate 1.7 lblmin (venturi
scrubber1
flue gas from kraft black-hquor recovery furnace, Pulp and F 400. 66 0 OOOlad <O.OOOlad <O.OOOlad <O.OOOlad
sodwm sulfate, sodium carbonate, sulfur dioxide. Paper 435
sulfur trloxlde, hydrogen sutflde, methyl mercaptan.
water. organic oxldatlon compounds, sodium com-
pounds as sodium sulfate 10 Ib/min (venturi
scrubber)
sodlum carbonate. sodwm sulflde. calcium car- Pulp and F iao 204 <OOOOl <O.OOOl
bonate (mud thlckenerf Paper
TABLE 4.13: VARIOUS STAINLESS STEELS AND HIGH NICKEL ALLOYS-CLIMAX MOLYBDENUM (cont’d)
Test
Corrosion mediums conditions Average corrosion rates (ipy)
c
0‘ s
2
s” y2 Q TYPE
304
,“PE
316
,“PL
317 “20”
ALLOY
825
. . . -p--p
41.43% black lrquar Pulp and 450 60 -- 0 028 0 049
Paper
Caustic IllIrate. pH 9 5 Pulp and F 140 45 xx x L. OOOOld L<O 0001 0 OOOld <00001 <o 0001
Paper
bleached sulhte whrte water after last washrng Pulp and f 70. a7 x x <OOOOld <o 0001 <0.0001
stage of calcrum hypochlorrte fwhrte-water flume Paper 85
from deck&
zmc-hydrosulhte bleach, pH 4.2 (Oliver washer vat) Pulp and F 139 209 x x 0 0001 0.0001
Paper
bleached sulfate pulp contammg some resrdual chlo- Pulp and F 68. 31 x xx 0 002cd O.OOlcd 0 0007d 0 0004ad 0.0003ad
rme ffuststage bleach washer) Paper 78
waste water from chlormatron washer, chlarrne Pulp and F 60. 83 x <O.OOOld <0 OOCIld
0.0350 07 gi I Paper 90
chlorme-droxrde water, chtorme-droxrde gas, hydra. Pulp and F 160 45 xx x LO 0008 0 0002b 0.0002 0.0003
chlorrc acrd 0 2 gl I, pH 3.5 thltratron box) Paper 0.0006
bleachmg solutron. sodrum hypochlorrte 150 g/l Pulp and f 85 17 -- 0.0014 0.0003c <o 0001
Paper
bleachrng solutron. calcrum hypochlorrte 40 g/l Pulp and F 95 17 -- 0 0062~ 0.0428~ 0.0003
Paper
hypochlorde solutron, calcrum chloride 1.5 g/l. Cal- Pulp and F 120 68 xx xx L0.0004bd 10.0002a 0.0093a 0.0003a O.tXKfla
crum hypochlorrte 0.1 g/l. pH 7.2 (washer) Paper
Pratt pulp stock wrth resrdual chlorrne-droxide Pulp and F 155 14 x xx 0.0003a O.OOOla co.0002 0.0001
bleach, pH 6 5 (head box) Paper
paper-mrll head-box stock, groundwood and sulfite Pulp and F 97 169 xx xx 0 0001’ 0 0001
pulp 0 5-O 6%, chlorme I
ppm, pH 5 2-6 Paper
groundwood pulp to deckers, alum 300 ppm, shmr- Pulp and F 120. 161 x x < 0.0001 <o 0001
crdes, pH 5 Paper 127
groundwood stock au dry alum 6-8 lb/tan, pH Pulp and F 130 152 x xx i 0 0001 <00001
4 4-4 1 ientrdnce to bull screenL Paper
groundwood teed. alum 300 ppm, consfstency Pulp and F 125 161 x xx <0.0001 <00001
0 469,, slrmrcrdes. pH 5 Paper
groundwood pulp stock. sulfurrc acid and sulfur Pulp and F 87 210 x xx 00001 0 0001 0 0001
droxrde pH 4 2-4 4 Wourdrrnrer) Paper
groundwood pulp, consistency 3.4% (washer flume Pulp and F 140 163 x x <O OOOld (0 0001
bottom) Paper
vapors from groundwood pulp grmders (exhaust fan) Pulp and F 91. 189 x <o 0001’ <0.0001
Paper 130
sultur droxrde. being absorbed m sodrum-carbonate Pulp and F 160 45 x x 0001 0 0007 0.0007
solutron. sulturrc and sulfurous acrd, carbon drox!de. Paper
tree sulfur I” the gas Itan rnletl
(continued)
542 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
TABLE 4.13: VARIOUS STAINLESS STEELS AND HIGH NICKEL ALLOYS-CLIMAX MOLYBDENUM (amt’d)
Test
Corrosion mediums conditions Average corrosion rates (ipy)
neutral sulhte. semr-chemrcal pulp lvacuum stock Pulp and F 176 125 xi xx 0.0001 0.0001
washer vat) Paper
spent neutral sulhle semi-chemrcal hquor levapo. Pulp and f 131. 56 x I 0 0001 00001 0 0001 0 0001
ratorl Paper 216
spent neutral sulhte semrxhemrcal lrquar tevapo- Pulp and F 131. 6 x x 0 0002’ 0.0004 c0.0002 0 0001
rator. vapors) Paper 216
spent neutral sulhle semi-chemical hquor levapo- Pulp and F 131. 6 x x 0 0001’ 0 0006 co 0003
rator) Paper 233
water, steam, carbon dmxrde. sadrum carbonate and Pulp and F 212 95 xx 0 038~ 0 0089 0.0062
sulfate, sulfur droxrde and trmxrde (exhaust gas Paper
from tower, bemg absorbed m soda-ash salutronl
sodrum-sulfite Irquor. sodrum sulhde, sadturn sul- Pulp and F 212 6.4 - x 0 0001 0 0001 0.0001
Me, thtosulfate and polysulhde. pH 10 (vacuum Paper
evaporator)
sodwm-sulhte hquor, sodwm sulhde, fodwm sut- Pulp and F 212 9 -- 0 0022 00001 0.0002
Me. thmsulfate and polysulhde, pti 10 tevaporatorl Paper
bller stock contammg waste paper 75%. top lmer Pulp and F 75 140 - xx <o 0001 <0.0001
stock 25% tmlxture of sulhte. soda and kraft pulps Paper 110
wth envelope cuttings). alum treated to ptt 4.3
waste paper pulp 0.25%. sodium chlortde 1% Pulp and F 115 180 xx xx <0.0001 <0.0001
tcyhnder mold1 Paper
waste paper pulp 025%, sodrum chloride 1% Pulp and F 115 180 xx xx 0.0012cd <0.0001
tcylmder mold1 Paper
parchmentlzmg solution. sulfuric acrd 65 5-68 5% Pulp and F 60 88 <0.0001 <o 0001 :o 0001 <o 0001
nrtrrc acid Paper
parchmentlzmg solutmn, sulfuric acid 54%. cal- Pulpand F 65 53 x x 0 0001 0 0001 0 0001 0 0001
cwm sultate Paper
parchmentwng salutron, sulfuric acrd 5.8% Pulp and F 70 53 x x 0.0001 0.0001 0 0001 0 0001
Paper
(continued)
Ferrous A l/o ys 543
TABLE 4.13: VARIOUS STAINLESS STEELS AND HIGH NICKEL ALLOYS-CLIMAX MOLYBDENUM bmt’d)
Test
Corrosion mediums conditions Average corrosion rates (ipy)
glue alum paper we. ptt 5-6 durmg 7.7 days, and Pulp and F 140 9 x x 0.0001’a 0.0001a
starch alum we. small amount of zmc sulfate dur- Paper
mg 1 3 days
white water from bleach sulhte drssalvmg pulp, Pulp and F 60 250 xx xx 0 0001 0.0001
pH 3 7-4 durmg 167 days, and 55.5 during 83 days Paper
whrte water. consrstency 0.25%. sulfites 38 ppm, Pulp and F 118 100 x x <~0.0001 <0.0001 <0.0001 <0.0001
thmsulhtes 22 ppm. ptt 3.8-5 (paper machme wire Paper
prtl
paper-machme whrte water. hber 0.07%, alum. sui- Pulp and F 83 35 xx xx <o OCOl <0.0001
hte waste hquor. phenyl rnercuw acetate trace, Paper
pti 4.3 (canal from suctron box)
sulhte whtte waler, alum. we. trtanrum droxlde. Pulp and F 70 79 xx xx <o 0001~ <o 0001 <o 0001
some pulp lpump box) Paper
groundwood white water (groundwood screen shower Pulp and f 88. 231 xx xx ‘ 0.0001’ <0.0001
pond) Paper 118
groundwood wtute water. consistency 0.06% Pulp and F 108 295 xx xx <o 0001’ <o 0001
lgroundwood screen shower pond) Paper
groundwood white water. total acrdrty as calcwm Pulp and F 123. 134 xx x \0.0001 <0.0001 <0.0001a
carbonate 534 ppm. pH 42 average (groundwood Paper 136
screen shower pond1
groundwood whrte water. consrstency 006%. pH Pulp and F 108 141 xx x <0.0001 <o 0001
5 3 average Paper
senwchemrcal neutral sulhte hquor, pH 7.2 Pulp and F 110 82 x - to 0001 0 0001 0.0001 0 0001
Paper
papevmachme whrte water krffler) Pulp and F 80. 231 xx xx <00001’ <0.0001
Paper 106
paper-machme whrte water. groundwood 78.82%. Pulp and F 66 150 - xx <00001’ <o 0001
sulhte 18.22%, consrstency 0.3% approximately. Paper <0.0001
pH 4.4 approximately
newsprmt whrte water, groundwood and sulfite fur- Pulp and F 95 186 xx xx < 0.0001’ <o 0001
rush. small amounts residual wood acrd. sulfurous Paper
acrd. calcium bwlhte. bleach hquor (paper machmel
paper-machme white water, total acvAty as calcium Pulp and F 87. 140 xx xx . 00001 ~.00001 00001
carbonate 37.3 ppm average. pH 4.3 average Paper 107
paper-machme white water, aluminum sulfate and Pulp and f 60. 185 0.0001’ 0.0001
hydroxrde. pH 5.2 average Ifourdrinierl Paper 85
(continued)
544 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
TABLE 4.13: VARIOUS STAINLESS STEELS AND HIGH NICKEL ALLOYS-CLIMAX MOLYBDENUM (cont’d)
Test
Corrosion mediums conditions Average corrosion rates (ipy)
E r’
t; P
r i-5 3
oc UyI 8 s I
-9s f s
c
g 1VPE 1VPE T”PE ALLOY
INDUSlIV et2 s’
IPIIOCESSI L t 4 304 316 317 “20” 625
-. . . . . -----
PAPER. WnlTE WATER. PAPER BOARD.
WASTE
rrch whrte water from hardboard manufacture, ptl Pulp and F 110 275 <O.OOOl <O.OOOl
4.346 Paper
PAPER. WHITE
WATER. SVLFATE
kraft and semrxhemrcal whrte water, pH 6-g flog Pulp and F 45. 222 <0.0001 <0.ooo1
shucmg) Paper a5
kraft whrte water. sulfate 0.045 g/l. sulfide 0.025 Pulp and F 45. 98 0.0001 0.0001
g/l. chlorrde 102 ppm, pH 7.3-g 2 (fog sluicing) Paper a5
PARKERIZING SOLUTION
PECTlll
thin pectm hquor. lactic acid 0.26%. malic acid Food F 3.8 xx XI <0.0001 <0.0001
0 05%. carbon 0.03%. pH 3.8 1E <0.0001’
thin pectm liquor, malic acrd 0.2%. sulfur dioxide Food F 120 30 xx x <O.OOOld <o.ooo1
0.065%. pH 2.7
2% pectin extract from apple pomace. saturated Food F 70. 39 x - <O.OOOld <O.OOOl
with sulfur dioxide 190
2% pectm extract from apple pomace. saturated Food F 120 39 x - <O.OGOld <O.OOol
wrth sulfur dioxide Ivapors)
PENTANE
PESTICIDES
pestrcide solulron for spraymg vegetable crops. Agriculture F 40. 346 - xx <0.OGO1 <0.ooo1
“Orthane” emulsron “New Green.” “Malathion.” 100
“20-20-20” soluble fertilizer, ziw, copper. “Aldrin.”
sulfur fspray tank bottom)
(continued)
Ferrous Alloys 545
TABLE 4.13: VARIOUS STAINLESS STEELS AND HIGH NICKEL ALLOYS-CLIMAX MOLYBDENUM hmt’d)
Test
Corrosion mediums Average corrosion rates (ipy)
“f
fs $.
TYPE IYPf 1VPL ALLOY
varrely of pestrcrdes. “Ovatran,” “ON” dry mix, sul- AgrlCultUre F 60. 230 x xx nil <O.OoOl
fur, copper sulfate, zinc copper 011. zmc copper 120
sulfur mrxture. or1 emulsron
hydrated hme, copper sullate. lead arsenate, “Para. Agrrculture F 90 277 xx <O.OOOl <0.0001
thron.” “Mrcrohne,” “Raped Grow” soluble fertitrrer
“DOT” powder, wettable sulfur, “Malathion” emut. Agrrculture F 90 277 xx <0.0001 <0.0001
SIO”
heptachlor emulsron. copper sulfate, magnesmm Agrmulture F 70. 258 xx <o 0001 <0.0001
sulfate, “Zrram” wettable powder, “Zrreb” wettable 85 <0.0001'
powder. “Parathron” emulsron. “Parathron” wet.
table powder, “DOT” emulsron. “TOE” emulsron,
“Toxaphen” emulsron. “1020-10” lrqurd fertrlrzer
“Drathane” 2 qt/lDO gal, “New Green” 1 ptl100 Agrrculture F 40. 151 - xx <O.OOol <o.OOo1
pal. “Malathron” I
lb1100 aal. water-soluble olant 100
rood “20-20.20” 5 lb/ 100 &.‘zinc 0.5 lb/ 106 gal,
cobalt, water
pesticide solutfons for spraying tomatoes, “Mar- Agriculture F 60. 420 - xx 0.0001 0.0001
late” wettable powder, “Panate” wettable powder, 100
trrbasrc copper sulfate, “Zerlate” wettable powder
2.4.dichlorophenoxyacetrc acrd ester of butyl alco- Chemical F 140. 13 x xx 0.197 0.138 0085
hol (top of still, vapors) 203
“Bordeaux” mrxture. wettable sulfur, copper salts, Agrfcutture F 60. 3.2 xx xx 0.0002 <O.ocGl
nicotine sulfate. summer.oil emulsions, separately 75
and in combmations (spray tank bottom)
“Bordeaux” mixture, wettable sulfur and Irmesulfur, Agrrculture F 76 1.3 xx xx ODD06 0.0003
separately and in combmations (spray tank bottom) 0.0074’
pesticide solution for spraying crtrus fruit, sullur. Agrrculture F 40. 266 - xx <0.0001 nil
time sulfur, zinc. copper, iron, manganese, borax, 100
molybdate, 011, magnesmm. “0.N ,” “Ovatron.” “Sis-
tax,” “Parathion,” “Malathion,” “2-4-D”
mrxture of acetone, phenol, water, lrver compounds. Pharma- F 70. 42 - x (0 0001 <0.0001 <o.Ooo1
ptf 5.8.8Icondenser) ceutrcal 150
salrcylrc. acetrc and acetylsaticylrc acrds. acetic Pharma- F 140 33 0.0008ad 0.0006
anhydrrde ceutical
(continued)
546 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
TABLE 4.13: VARIOUS STAINLESS STEELS AND HIGH NICKEL ALLOYS-CLIMAX MOLYBDENUM bmt’d)
Test
Corrosion mediums conditions Average corrosion rate: (ipy)
15% sulfuric acrd and sugar lrom the digestion of Pharma- F 249 O.lcr 0.051
tuber Barbasco. neutrahzation wrth lime at end of ceut1cal co 051
run lautoclavel
intravenous solutmn. dextrose IO-50%. water, so- Pharma- f 70 62 - x (0.0001 <o 0001
drum chlorrde 09%. calcwm chloride, potassum ceutrcal
chlorrde. ddute crtric acid, sodrum crtrate, sodrum
lactate, extremely drlute vrtamm solutions, pH 4-7
PHENOL
95%. acetophenone 5% (bottom of column) Chemrcal F 311 276 - x <0.0001 <O.OOOl <o COOI
ldrstillationl
used plant phenol, some sulfur compounds Chemtcat L 590 I -- - IllI 0001
80.70%. ,,-methyl styrene. acetophenone and me- Petro- F 435 3.5 - 0.1 0.002
sttyl oxide 5%. water 1.3%. pH 4-5 (top of head of chemical
vertical reborler of cracking still) tdistdlation)
phenol, hydrocarbon alkylation. phosphorus trr- Chemical F 175 12 - x 0.0008 0.0007 0.0009
chloride 1%. boron trifluoride 0.796, hydrochloric lalkylatronl so.0015
acid, possibly hydrofluoric acid liberated
pure phenol, sulfur 0.5% as butyt disullide Chemical L 590 l-- 0.002 0.001
phenol, amyl phenol, some sulfuric acid, amylene Chemical f 113 25 - xx 0.0288 0.0055
(vapors, liquid) 0.0004a <0.0001
phenol, amyl phenol, some sulfuric acid, amylene. Chemical F 230 17 - - 0.0191r 0.0124ar
sulfurous acid (digester, vapors. liqwdl 0.153 0.0506
10% phenolic water, chlorides 1320 ppm ltower, Petroleum F 220 43 0.0029 0.0025
vapors, liqurdl 0.0117’ 0.0168
O.OQ184
10% phenolic water, chlorides lo-1320 ppm ltower. Petroleum F 220 71 - xx 0.004’r 0.004r 0.004r
vapors) 0.004r
phenol, acetone, cumene. sulfur dioxide 100 ppm Chemical F 150 217 - xx o.Om <0.0001 <o.OOm <0.0001
ldecomposer drum bottom)
phenol, acetone, curnene, sulfur dioxide 100 ppm Chemical F 150 16 xx 0.0003 0.00015 0.00014
(decomoorer drum1
phenol. curnene, ,t.methyt styrene. water, neutral or Chemical F 304 109 - x <0.0001 <o.cQO1 <O.OOOI
very mildly acid (bottom of column) (distillation)
phenol, cumene. +melhyl styrene. water, neutral or Chemical F 304 52 - x <0.0001 <O.OOQl 0.00014
very mildly acid (bottom of column1 ldistillationl
(continued)
Ferrous Alto ys 547
TABLE 4.13: VARIOUS STAINLESS STEELS AND HIGH NICKEL ALLOYS-CLIMAX MOLYBDENUM bnt’d)
Test
Corrosion mediums conditions Average corrosion rates (ipy)
E r‘
0’
a
05
TVCE
304
TV?E
316
TIPE
311 “20”
ALLOY
626
. --p-p
phenol, ,B-methyl rtyrene. acetophenone. cumene Chemical F 304 54 <o 0001 <0.0001 <OOoOl
trace, neutral or very mildly acid lbottom of column1 ffractiona-
tionf
phenol, ,,-methyl styrene. acetophenone. cumene Chemical F 304 40 <0.0001 0.0001 <O.OoOl
trace, neutral or very mildly acid (bottom of column) ffractiona-
tionl
phthahc anhydride. phenol, zmc chloride, small Pharma- f 214 28 0.11 0.027 co.017
amount sulfurrc acrd Ivapors. liquid1 ceutical 0.0047 0.0057 0.0048
P”EN”l.ACETlC ACID
molten mixture of drphenylamme 3 parts, sulfur 1 Coal By- F 212. 14 _ xx 0 064 0 0004
part, rodme 05% approxrmately. to form phena- product 221
thiazme and hydrogen-sulhde gas
PHEWLARSINE
TABLE 4.13: VARIOUS STAINLESS STEELS AND HIGH NICKEL ALLOYS-CLIMAX MOLYBDENUM bnt’d)
Test
Corrosion mediums conditions Average corrosion rates (ipy)
‘f
5 5
2
TYPE TYPE rwt ALLOY
304 316 317 “20” 625
Pliosphor,s a.z,d
. . --p-p
90% Dlanl phosphoric acld Research L 260 >6 xx xx 0.015 0 01
3142.2%. tmpwtles. lower uwdes of phosphorus Chemical f 190. 5 xx xx 0579 0.021 0 005
215
Research 1 MB - 0.004
15% plant phosphoric acid
0.005 (continued)
Ferrous A l/o ys 549
TABLE 4.13: VARIOUS STAINLESS STEELS AND HIGH NICKEL ALLOYS-CLIMAX MOLYBDENUM hcmt’d)
Test
Corrosion mediums conditions Average corrosion rates (ipy)
S r’
8 f
z
s 5 TYPE Twf rrrr. ALLOY
:: :: 304 316 317 “20” 825
. . . --- --
85% plant phosphonc acid Research 1 235 xx 0 004
0.008
85% plant phosphoric acid Research L 255 - 0.051 ... ... ...
0.11
85%. chlorides. sullates. mtnter. tracer of lead. Petroleum F 430 167 0.0181 0.007
lron and arsenu
66%. chlor&s. sulfates. mtrates. traces of lead. Petroleum F 430 121 0.0187 0.0028d
iron and arsenic 0.0007 0.0006
0.0029d 0.0014
0.0015
85%. chlorides. sullates. ndnles. traces of lead, Perdcum F 430 117 O.WO8 0.0005
MO” and arsemc 0.0065 0.0034
0.0033b 0.0013a
85%. chlorldts. sulfates, Mates. traces of lead, Petroleum F 430 46 0.0261a 0.0074a
iron and arsemc
TABLE 4.13: VARIOUS STAINLESS STEELS AND HIGH NICKEL ALLOYS-CLIMAX MOLYBDENUM bnt’d)
Test
Corrosion mediums Average corrosion rates (ipy)
0’ 0’
s ak
2
304
1VPE WPE
316
TWE
317 “20”
ALLOY
625
. . . . . -P-P-
PhDLPhcmC acK!
75% (top of absorber) Chemical F 153 328 xx x 00001 0.0001 00001 c0.0001
75% commercial phosphoric aud Chemical F 172 <O.ool <O.OOi <OOOl <OOOl
w<o.o01
75% commercial phosphoric acid Chemical F 194 0 0015 0.001 <o 001 <O.OOl
wo.0015 WOOOl
(continued)
Ferrous Alloys 551
TABLE 4.13: VARIOUS STAINLESS STEELS AND HIGH NICKEL ALLOYS-CLIMAX MOLYBDENUM (cont’d)
Pholphorl‘ aLd
15% commercial phosphonc acid Chemwal F 208 <O.OOl < 0001 ~0001 <o 001
w>o 001 wo001 I
(continued)
552 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
TABLE 4.13: VARIOUS STAINLESS STEELS AND HIGH NICKEL ALLOYS-CLIMAX MOLYBDENUM bnt’d)
Test
Corrosion mediums conditions Average corrosion rates (ipy)
&
5
“f
r*DUs7”” i $
lWE TWE TWE ALLOY
(PROCESS1
* I 2
304 316 317 “20” 825
Phorphc.rlc 8Cld - . . . . . --- --
40% plant phosphorrc acid Research 1 200 - 0.002
PWOSPHcJRICACrD YlX1UlE.s
81%. water 16%. nitrrc acid 3% . Metal F 190 89 x - 0.0041 0.003 O.W24 O.Wll 0.0032
S>O.O63 s>o.o99 90.027
LO.W41
(continued)
Ferrous Alloys 553
TABLE 4.13: VARIOUS STAINLESS STEELS AND HIGH NICKEL ALLOYS-CLIMAX MOLYBDENUM kmt’d)
Test
Corrosion mediums conditions Average corrosion rates (ipy)
58.2%. nowomc detergent 10%. amine-type in- Soap f 72 90 - xx <0.0001 <O.OOOl 0.0002 <O.OLKll
hrbilor 230. water. pH 0 2
6045%. lluos~l~c~c acid 2.4%. some suspended Chemical F 176 xx 0.0001 0.0004 0.0002
gypsum holatmg lilter drum)
43%. “Phoscalmd.” vegetable material 8.lO”b Water L 130 2.8 - xx 0.291 0.001
Treatment
IO%, sulfuric aud 5%. “Ac~trol” mhlbltor 0 05%. Metal F 120 82 - x .,o 0001 <O.OOOl <:o0001 <0.0001
“Lntomerse” wettmg agent 0.25% Mop 01 Permubl Icleanmg)
“P” regeneratmg column)
40%. sulfuric acid 5%. “Acitrol” inhibitor 0.05%. Metal f 200 62 - xx . 00001 0.0001 0.0002 0.0004
“Lntomerse” wetlmg agent 0 25% lcleanmgl
33.5-33X. Ruosrltc~c acid 3-3 5% (thIckenerI Chemical F 170 33 - xx 0 006gcd 0.0016 0.0009
31.41%. calcium sollate hydrate and silica Jo%. Chemical F 127 8.4 - <O.OoOl <O.Llool . .
sullurr acid 1.84%. fluosilicic acid 1.48%. hydra- O.Mml LO.mol
fluoric acrd 0.12% Ifilterl SO.0388 1X1.0325
30.75%. water 25%. iodine 3.85%, non-ionic de- SW F 72 90 - xx <O.oOOl <O.oiMl <O.OtMl <0.0001
tergent remainder
22%. and Luck wash and regeneration with sulfuric : Metal f 190. 83 xx ._ <O.owl <O.OOOl <O.oool 0.0001 .. .
acid 30% (Permutit unit) : ~cleaningl 210 m).lnXll
18.10X, 4hydroxy 3.methyl 2Manone 15%. poly i Chemical i F 230 81 - x O.OOLl4 0.0001 o.ooo12 0.0225
mer 5%. methyl.isopropyl ketone 3%. formalde- I
hyde 1%. water remainder
15.2%. water 85%. organics remainder Chemrcal 200 - 0.001 0.0005 o.OOa9 0.0012
14.5%. nrlrlc acid 0.381%. pH 0.62 Agriculture F 158 32 x xx 0.0001 0.0001 0.0001 o.olw 0.mO1
Uertilizerl c0.0001
10%. water. mesltyl oxide, diacetone alcohol Rayon F 221 149 - - 0.012d
10%. water, mesrtyl oxide, dracelone alcohol Rayon F 218 181 - xx 0.00022 o.lm43
10%. water. mes~lyl oxrde. dracetone alcohol Rayon F 216 149 - - 0.003 o.ooo7
(continued)
554 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
TABLE 4.13: VARIOUS STAINLESS STEELS AND HIGH NICKEL ALLOYS-CLIMAX MOLYBDENUM (cmt’d)
Test
Corrosion mediums conditions Average corrosion rates (ipy)
0’
f TVPE TVPE ,VPE ALLOY
0’ 304 316 317 “20” 825
.
4.2%. sollds 15%. gypsum slurry, sulfuric acid 1%. Chemical F 90 90 <0.0001 c<0.0001
soluble fluorme compounds 0 2%. pH 1.9 (pump box)
3.86%. fluosdw acid 0 15%. fluorine 0.38%, Chemical F 123. 65 0.003’cd 0.002cd
water, ptl I2 168
1%. sugar 5%. pressure 160 PSI Research L 363 0 0009 0.0003
<I%. acrd from weak acrd sump. pH 1 approxr- Research L 80. >6 0 00015 nil
mately 100
II 5%. phosphorlc.acrd.type catalyst, organics Chemrcal F RT- 14 0017 0.02 0 032 0.046
600 0.018
vapors contammg phosphorus pentwde 0 07% ap- Research L 129. 0.19 0.0037 0.006
proxrmatety. oxygen 7.15%. fluorine 264 ppm ap 237
proxlmatety
PHOSPHORUS
buffered “phossy” water or tap water, small par- Chemical F 140 185 <O.ooal <O.oool
trcles of phosphorus. adjusted with soda ash to pH 9
gas stream of phosphorus condenser. carbon mon- Chemical F 150. 56 0.021 0.0023
oxide 90%, nitrogen 8%. carbon dioxide 2%. small 175
amounts phosphoric acid. phasphine. hydrogen
sulfide and fluosilicrc acid
PHOSPHOTUNCSTIC ACID
phosphotungstrc acrd and hydrochloric acid, pH 1.5 Pharmb F 54 4.6 O.OOOSad 0.0003d
ceutical
(continued)
Ferrous Alloys 555
TABLE 4.13: VARIOUS STAINLESS STEELS AND HIGH NICKEL ALLOYS-CLIMAX MOLYBDENUM (cont’d)
phosphotungstrc acrd. slurrred wrth water, and ad- Pharma. F 77 8 - x 0.0002 <o 0001
lusted wrth hot barrum hydroxrde to pH 8-12 ceutrcal
PHOTOGRAPHK sOL”TtONS
fdm sensrtwng solutron, organic and inorganic Chemical f 85 16 - - 0.162a 0.0021d 0.034cd
acrds. solvents, salts and dye components together
10%. pH I
phthalrc acid. xylene. phthalrde. tolurc acid <O.Z%. Rayon F 200 44 - xx 0.0005 0.0009
water 98%
99%, benzorc and malerc acrds impurities Ivaporsl Chemical F 536 25 x xx 0.0001 <o 0001 0.0001 0.0002 0.0001
9695%. benzorc and malerc acids Impurities Chemrcal F 536 25 x xx 0.0002 0.0002 0.0002 0 0002 0.0002
crude phthalrc anhydrrde. small amounts of malerc Chemrcal F 410 45 - xx 0.0393’ 0.0007 0 0001
acrd and water ftop of column, vapors) tdrstillatronj
crude phthalic anhydrrde (vapors) Coal By- F 320 59 xx 0.0002 0.0002 0 0001 0 0001
product 545
phthalrc anhydrrde, methyl “Cellosolve.” drmethoxy Chemrcal F 284 221 x x 0.0085 0.0054 0.0032 0.0028 00014
ethyl phthalate
lrqurd phthalrc anyhdrrde, phthalrc acrd. water, small Chemrcal f 329 70 - - >0.25 0 25 0 002d 0.008a
amounts of materc acrd. malerc anhydrrde, benroic fdistrllationl 518
acid. naphtha qumones
75%. potassrum bromate 25%. potassrum hydroxrde Chemrcal F 65 3.4 x xx 0.0078b 0.0057a
1 5%. bromme, uon trace
saturated potassrum.bromrde solutron, dissolved Chemical F 185 20 x x <0.0001 <O.OOOl <0.0001 <0.0001
ammonra. pH 8-9 5 ffrlterl
17%. potassium brcarbonate 13%. chromate ion Petroleum F 240 74 - xx <O.OOol <0.0001
2000 ppm. pressure 270 psrg (top of carbon-dioxrde
absorber) (continued)
556 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
TABLE 4.13: VARIOUS STAINLESS STEELS AND HIGH NICKEL ALLOYS-CLIMAX MOLYBDENUM km’4
Test
Corrosion mediums conditions Average corrosion rates (ipy)
0’ 0‘ $
5 f t‘ WPE TYPE WPE ALLOY
IHDUSTRV
s’ 2 z 304 316 311 “20” 825
-
(PROCESS) b
.
-,-
. . . . ----
Polasswm carbonate
16%. potaswm blcarbanate 14%. chromate ion Petroleum f 240 74 - xx <0.0001 <O.ODDl
2000 ppm, pressure 8 pug (bottom 01 carbon-dioxide
strIpper)
10%. potassium bicarbonate 14%. chromate 10 Chemical F 230 120 - xx <O.OOOl <o 0001
ppm(storage vessel leedmg potassum hydroxide
to absorber1
5%. potaswm bkwbonate 21%. stripped carbon- Chemical 221 120 xx <0.0001 <O.ODDl
dloxlde gas. water remamder tventmg ott stripper)
4%. potasswm bicarbonate 28%. chromate ion Petroleum F 240 74 - xx 0.0001 0.0001
2000 ppm, pressure 6 ps!g (top of carbon-dioxide
stripper)
~30%. potaswm-chlorate slurry. sodwm chlorate Chemical F 122 132 X O.OOOla 0 0001 0.0001
400-600 g’l. potawum chlor@e 20.500 g/l. sodurn
chloride 30-250 g/l. sodwm bichromate Z-14 g/l.
OH 5 3-8 7
POTASS,“M CHLORIDE
31.5%, sodwm sulfate 0.5%. sodum chloride Chemical f 180 65 x x 0.0002c 0.0002
0 05%. lead, copper, starch trace, pH 9-10 IDorr
clardlocculator. overllow weir)
20%. saturated solution, potassium hydroxide 2-l Chemncal F 150 215 x x <O.OOOlad <O.OOOla C<O.OOOl
g/l. potassium sulfate 2-3 g/l. potassium carbonate
1 g/l. calcium 3 5 ppm, specific grawty 1.18,
pti 135
25% approximately, potaswm ion 13.95%. chlo- Chemical F 122 29 xx xx 0.0003d <O.OOOld
ride ion 13.49%, sodium ion 0.59X, sulfate ion
0.5%. ferric oxide 0.29%, calcwm ion 0.07%. cop-
per powder trace, amine acetate 210 ppm
45% potasuum-chrome-alum solution. free sulfwc Chemical F 50. 46 -- 0.057c <O.ODOl C<O.DOOl
acid 5% approximately 122
POTASSWY ““OROXIDE
TABLE 4.13: VARIOUS STAINLESS STEELS AND HIGH NICKEL ALLOYS-CLIMAX MOLYBDENUM (cont’d)
Test
Corrosion mediums conditions Average corrosion rates (ipy)
g
L‘
s
g c TYPE TlPE TWE ALLOY
2 B 304 316 317 “20” 625
. . ----
po,ar,wm hydrorlde
50%. sodum hydroxide 50% Chemical F < 200 30 -- <o 0001 <0.0001
32.4%, sodwm hydroxide ‘21 6%. ammonwm hy Chemical F 248 60 xx 0 0228 0.0295
droxlde 3% approumately levaporator) 0.0222 0.0292
11.2%. alkyl phenolate 28X. potasswm lsobutyrate k troleum F 360. 276 x xx 0 0023ad 0.004lad
19%, sulfide 08%. mercaptans 04% (bottom of 380 0 0024’ad
“solut~zer” regenerator tower)
POTASSIUY PERCHLORATE
<30%. potasstum-perchlorate slurry. sodium per- Chemical F 122 132 xx xx 0.0001 0.0001 0 0001
chlorate 600-900 g/l. potasswm chloride O-500
g/t, sodum chtorlde O-250 g/l, sodurn chlorate
6-24 g!I. sodium dtchromate 2-8 g/l, pfi 8 7 5 3
POTASSWkl PERSULFATE
4.8%, pH 3 Synthetic .f 90 13 -- WI
Rubber ml*
PROPANE
propane. free sulfur dionde, sulfurous acid (vapors) Petroleum F 110 262 - xx 0.0001 0.0001 o.ooo1
(continued)
558 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
TABLE 4.13: VARIOUS STAINLESS STEELS AND HIGH NICKEL ALLOYS-CLIMAX MOLYBDENUM kont’d)
3 8
z
f g? T”PL WPL TIPS ALLOY
2 P 304 316 317 “20” a25
. . . ----
PROPlOLACTONE
85% fl.propmlactone, acetic anhydrlde 13%, dloxy- Rayon F 95 200 x L.0002 0.0001
methylene dlacetate 2 3%. aluminum chloride and L0.0002
zmc chloride together 0 2%. formaldehyde trace
99.5%, butyrlc acld 0.3%. acetlc acid 0.2% dur- Chemical - F 120 250 - - 0.0005 <0.0001 <0.0001
mg 219 days; and proplow acid 0.5%. butyrtc acid
99 5% durmg 31 days
QQ%, sulfuric acid 1%. butyric acid 0.5%, decom- Chemical F 302 625 x 0.0078c 0.0013 0.0004
posdion products 0.5%. durmg 12 days; and diver-
stfled operation durmg 613 days
96.2%. acetlc acid 3.4%, water O.l%, iron ion 35. Chemical F 291 50 0.0034 0.0016
2500 ppm. copper eon 5-30 ppm
96.2%. water 0.1%. manganous acetate 10 lb124 Chemical F 291 34 x 0.001 lar O.OOiX
hours, iron ton 35-2500 ppm. copper ion 5-30 ppm
95%. acetlc actd 5% during 200 days; 100% pro- Rayon F 292 246 - xx 0.0014 00003 co.003
p~onnc acld durmg 46 days
95%. butyrlc acid 2%. remamder unknown Chemleal F 284. 125 xx 0.047 0.0024 0.0012
329
94%. sullurlc acid 5%. butyric acid 0.5%. decom- Chemical F 302 12 x 0.0007 0.00027 0.00019
posItIon products 0.5%
93%, acetlc acid 5%. esters 2% during 155 days, Chemical F 233. 193 xx 0.006 0.0007 <0.0001
and acetlc acid 97%. water 2%. formic acid 1% 284
durmg 38 days
89-86.5. acetlc acid 11.14%, water, traces of copper Chemlcat F 288 47 xx 0.01 0.006
and won loos 0.003 0.0001 IllI
86%. domestlc water lo%, butyrvz acid 3%. higher Chemlcat F 212. 425 x 0 0086b 0.0013 O.OM)8
esters 1% durmg 213 days; proplow acid 75%, 340
butyrlc acid 15%. acetlc acid 5%. higher esters
5% durmg 127 days, and propnow aud 85%.
acetlc actd 6%. hlgher esters 6% dung 85 days
63%. butyvc acid 12%, sulfwc acid 5% Chemical F 280 x x 0.045 0.003 0.0035
63%, butyrlc acid 12%. sulfuric acid 5% during 7.4 Chemical F 252. x 0.16 0.011 0.0047
days, butyrlc acid 63%. proplonic acid 12%, sul- 286
furlc acid 5% durmg 7.4 days; proplonic acid BO%,
acetlc acid 10%. nitric acid 10% during 3.2 days
60%. butyric acid 10%. sulfuric acid 10% during Chemical : F 228. x 0.16 0.021 0.0045
7.4 davs. butwc aud 80%. oromomc acid 10%. 275
sulluriE acid iO% durmg 7.4’da;s; and proplonic
actd 70%. acetlc acid lo%, nltnc acid 10%. on-
known 10% dung 3.2 days
(continued)
Ferrous Alloys 559
TABLE 4.13: VARIOUS STAINLESS STEELS AND HIGH NICKEL ALLOYS-CLIMAX MOLYBDENUM (amt’d)
Test
Corrosion mediums Average corrosion rates (ipy)
.?z.
;
TIPE TIP6 TYPE ALLOY
;
304 316 317 “20” 625
. . . -----
80%. sulfurrc acrd 10%. decomposrtmn products Chemrcal F 310. ia x 0.12 0.012 0.005
10% durmg 7 4 days; butyrrc acrd 80%, sulfurrc 320
acrd 10%. decomposrtron products 10% durrng 7.4
days, and propronrc acrd 80%. sulfurrc acrd 10%.
nitric acrd 5%, unknown 5% durmg 3 2 days
15%. proprow anhydrrde 13%. acetrc acrd 12%. Chemrcal F 275. 36 0.025r 0 005r 0.004
and propronrc anhydrtde 98%. acetrc anhydrrde and 338
rmpurrtres together 2%
70%. glycol esters 16 5%. butyrrc acid 12%. acetrc Chemical F 314 566 - x 0.017 0.0046a 0 003
acrd 1.5%
66%. rsobutyrrc acrd 17%. n.butyrrc acrd 17%, Chemical F 300 21 - xx 0.012 0007 0.005 0.0035
small amounts of acetrc acrd. norvvolatrle 300.
400 mgi I
65.60%. butyrrc acrd 10-1296, acetrc acrd 4.7%. Chemrcal 311 466 xx 0 027~ 0 0061b 0 0039
unknown remamder
50%. acetrc acrd 50%. propronrc acrd 54%. acetrc Chemrcal F 212. 125 xx 0018a 0.0025 0 0009
acrd 2596, water 20%. unknown 1%. and proprow 284
acrd 97% acetic acrd 3%
50%. butyrrc acrd 45%. heavy esters 5% dung Chemrcal F 251 193 xx 0 002 0 0007 0 0004
155 days, and acetrc acid 96%. non-volatrles 2%.
proplonrc acrd I%, water 1% durmg 38 days
48%, butyrrc acrd l3%, acetrc acrd 8%. nitric acid Chemrcal f 176. 250 xx 0.006 0.001
2%. other hrgher acrds remainder 284
9%, ethyl acetate 63%. benzene 21%, water 6%. Chemical F 199 25 xx 0.15 0.01 0 003
acetrc acrd ~1%
PROPlONlC lN”YDR,DE
25% rsopropanol. water 57%, sodrum chloride la%, Research L 140 42 nil nil
rsopropyl chlorrde bubbled through solution, sodium
hydroxrde adlurted pH 10
spent rsopropanol. sugar solids 3%. small amounts Food F 100 37 x _ 0.0001 0 0001
of sulfur droxide. hydrochloric acid, sodrum tetra-
phosphate, pH 3.45
50% rsopropyl chlorrde. water 50% (vapors) Research L 97 4.2 nil “II
(continued)
560 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
TABLE 4.13: VARIOUS STAINLESS STEELS AND HIGH NICKEL ALLOYS-CLIMAX MOLYBDENUM kont’d)
SO%, drpropylene glycol 8%. water l%, sodwm Rayon F 385 461 - xx 0 0001 0.0001
hydroxrde 0 04%
6560%, drpropylene glycol 15%, salts as sodrum Chemrcal F 360 123 - xx <0.0001 <0.0001
hydroxrde and sodum lormate 0.1%
66%. water 15%. unidentihed orgamcs remamder Chemical f 194. 48 - xx 0 0002 0.0001
196
30.20%. water 60.70%. methanol and methyl aide- Chemical F 300 51 - xx <o 0001 <0.0001
hyde 3%. formrc acrd O-I%. pH 3-3 5
15%, drpropylene glycol 80%, sohds as sodium for- Chemrcal F 360 51 - xx <o 0001 <0.0001
mate. resms 5%
propylene glycol. formic acid, formrc esters of pro- Chemical F 275 3.5 - xx 0.023 0.02
pylene glycol, traces of acetals and water
90.65%. sodrum hydroxide 3.6%. methanol and Chemical F llc- 51 - - <0.0001 <0.0001
methyl aldehyde together 3.5% 140
20-15%. water 75.80%. propylene glycol O.lO%, Chemrcal F 360 51 - xx <0.0001 <0.0001
traces of lormrc acrd and carbon droxrde
0.1%. formtc acid 1%. propylene glycol 0.2%. Rayon F 218 462 - x 0.0001 <0.0001
water remamder. sodrum hydroxrde added
PlRlDlNE
56%. Water 50%. traces of hydrochloric acid, Plastrc F 200 61 - xx <o 0001 <o 0001 <0.0001 <0.0001
methylene chlorrde and acetone (vapors) (distdlatmn)
6%. sodum chlorrdc 4.5%. methyfene chloride 2%, Plastlc F 100 52 - xx <0.0001 <0.0001 <0.0001
water remamder (top of column) ldrstillatron)
pyrrdme. water, acetone, methylene chloride Lbot- Plastic F 230 56 - xx 0.0001 0.0001 <0.0001 <0.0001
tom of reboder) (distillation)
pyrrdme bases from tar and carbohc 011 (VaporS. Coal By 1 176. 0.025 0.008
liquid1 product 212 0 079 0.05
tdistdlationl 10.024
10.072
pyrrdme sullate. unrectified pyridine sulfate. con- Coal By F 123 197 x II 0.037
densate hquor. sulfuric acid, water product
rectrfred pyrrdme sulfate. unrectified pyridine sol- Coal By F 215 197 xx xx 0.017c 0.014cd
fate product
unwashed pyrrdme sulfate. carbohc oil and Sulfuric Coal By F 123 197 I xx 0.0007cd 0.0003 0.0003
acrd 15% Icondensate) product
(continued)
Ferrous Alloys 561
TABLE 4.13: VARIOUS STAINLESS STEELS AND HIGH NICKEL ALLOYS-CLIMAX MOLYBDENUM
bnt’d)
Test
Corrosion mediums conditions Average corrosion rates (ipy)
pyrohgneous hquor. sulfwc acid 10% approxi- Chemical f <335 8 - xx 0.0098 0 00558
mately, pressure 100 PSI
pyrohgneous hquor, sulfuric acid 10% approxi- Chemical F <335 18 - xx 0.045 0.0304
mately, pressure 100 psi
orgamc vaternary ammomum compound in metha- Chemical F 195 42 - xx 0.012 0.005 0.0015
nol solutlon. possibly product of lsonicotmate and
carboxyhc acid. pH 2.3
QUEBRACHO EXTRICT
condensate formed when mwng or bisulflting que- Tannmg F JO- 50 - x <0.0001 <0.0001
bracho extract wth so&urn blsulflte 3%; reaction 206
frees sulfur dloxlde and forms sulfurous acid with
water vapors
coal tar base of qumolme type, carbon and dmcra- Chemxat F 110 185 0.0001 0.0001
dme impurltles, pH 8-9
RARE-EARTH CHLORIOE
rare-earth sulfate soluhon, sulfuric acid, phosphoric Chemical F A.T. 69 - xx <O.OOOld <O.OOOld c<0.0001
acid. acldlty 0 9-l 1N. speclflc grawty 1.14-1.15
rare-earth sulfate crystals, sulfwc acid 25%, phos- Chemlcat F 50. 4 - xx 0.0002’ 0.0004 0.0004
phorlc acid 17%. conslderable copper m solution 70 0.0004
rare earths CIIIC. cerlum, and sulfuric acids 05 Chemical F 159 2.5 - xx 0.29.d 0.31d C0.2d
0 8N. slurry conlammg sand and barium sulfate 0.19cd
rare earths, cer~c, cewm and sulfuric actds 0 5 Chenucal F 159 65 - xx 0.012’ 0012 CO.008
0 EN. slurry contammg sand and bawm sulfate 0.008
rare karth sulfate slurry. sulfuric acid 18.2096, Chemical F 55 23 x xx <o 0001 0.0001 coooo3
phosphoric acid 16-1796
rare earth double.sulfate salts, sodwm sulfate, Chemical F 113 75 - xx IllI* 0 0002 co.0003
phosphoric and sulfuric acids, acldlty 1 4.2N 0.0004
(continued)
562 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
TABLE 4.13: VARIOUS STAINLESS STEELS AND HIGH NICKEL ALLOYS-CLIMAX MOLYBDENUM hnt’d)
Test
Corrosion mediums conditions Average corrosion rates (ipy)
sulfurs acld 15 5% coagulatmg bath, sodwm sol- RayOIl F 112. 30 0 056~ 0 016cd
late 15 259,. other ,norga”lc salts l-5% 130 0 037’c
sullut~c acid 13%. rayon nwed acid. sodlum sol- F 112 149 0 0122’c 0 0106 00111
fate 249, zinc sulfate 1536,small amount of
hydrogen sulfide, water remamder
sulfuric aud 0 001 IO”,. dilute coagulating bath, Rapll F 30 0.027 0.0001
carbon dlsulflde and hydrogen sulfide O-500 porn 0.004’ 0 009
0.041 <O.OOOld
0 02’
0017
r00001’
sullur~ acid 0.002 0 005% staple hber dramage Rayon F 132. 60 xx I ~0 OOOlad <O 0001 <O.OOOl
lwors sodium sullate 0 006-O 015% 138
sullunc-acid vapors. water 93%. carbon dwlbde Rayon F 200 39 - xx 0 0012cd 0 00014 <0.0001 .
5”.. a#r 2% hydrogen sulbde 0 2%
acid vapors lrom hardemng bath evaporator Rayon F 120 425 - x 0 0029c 0 004c
0 0033’c
rayon swng bath, gelatme. vegetable oil, softeners, Rayon F 155. 68 x <,0.0001*ad <O.OOOl
penetrants, glycerme 160 <O.OOOlcd
rayon swng bath, gelatme, vegetable 011. softeners, Rayon f 160 208 - x <O.OOOl’d <0.0001
penetrants. glycerine <O.OOOlad
wscose rayon spm bath (evaporator) RaytIll f 170 78 xx xx 0.084 0.027 0.03
sulfurs acid IO-12%. rayon spin bath, sodwm sul- f 38 III xx xx o.oOO2c 0.0011c
fate 10.12% 0.0001’
sulfurs aud 10.12%. rayon spin bath, sodium soI. Rayon F <I20 30 x x 0.0107cd 0.0061ad 0.0061ad
fate 20.22%. some zmc sulfate. *orne organics 0 059’cd
sulfuric acid I I%, rayon spm bath, sodium sulfate Rapll F 119 60 0 013lc 0 0001 co 0002c
20 5% zinc sulfate 0.8%. hydrogen sulfide 20 ppm 0.0001 0.02 c0.0002
approximately
sulfuric ac!d 8 1%. rayon spm bath Rayon L 78 26 - 0.00035a <o 0001
sulfuric acid 8%. rayon spw bath, water 71%, Rayon F 105 35 xx x OOIlcd 0 009d
sodwm sulfate 14%. glucose 6X, zmc sulfate l%,
traces 01 hydrogen sulbde and carbon dwlflde
sulfuric acid 7-896. rayon spm bath, sodwm sulfate Rayon F <II2 30 x x 0 0062’cd 0.0035ad 0.0035d
13.15%. some zmc sullate and orgamcs 0 0062cd
sullur~c acid 7 25%. backchannel hquor, sodwm Rayon F 104. 60 x - 0 0076’cd 0.0005
sulfate 18.19%. nnc sulfate 0 75%, spec~bc gravity II3
1 22 at 30 C
sulfuric acid 1.3% apprwmately. stretch water Rayon F 167. 20 _ - 0.05cd <0.0001
from rayon spmnmg machine 194
(continued)
Ferrous Alloys 563
TABLE 4.13: VARIOUS STAINLESS STEELS AND HIGH NICKEL ALLOYS-CLIMAX MOLYBDENUM (cont’d)
Test
Corrosion mediums conditions Average corrosion rates (ipy)
sullwc actd 0 25%, spent rayon spin bath, sodium Rayon F 180 102 xx xx . ..d <O.OOOld
sulfate 0 25%
sullur~c acld 0 25%. spent rayon spin bath, sodium Rayon f 200 111 xx xx 0.0001 0.0001
sulfate 0.0001’
spmbath atmosphere, hydrogen sulfide. and spm- Rayon F 117 40 xx 0.03636 0 0136a
bath dnppmgs
lumes from rayon spm bath, sulfuric acid, carbon Rayon F R.T. 30 O.OOla 0.001 co0001
dlsulbde. hydrogen sulfide O.OOS’c 0 0014 c0.0003
0.005’b
acid bath fumes. carbon dwlbde and hydrogen sol- Rayon F R.T. 30 xx 0.005 0.0006
fide 0.005’
rayon spm bath fumes Rayon F 160 111 xx. xx 0.0001c 0.0001
0.0001’
aud lumes and water vapor from rayon spin bath Raven F 176. 20 x.x xx <0.0001 <0.0001
195
exhaust gases above spmnmg hquors, free chlorme Rayon F a4 60 I) xx 0 035c O.Ollb 0.01
and other gases from sodium-hypochlorde bleach- 0 042~
mg, sulfur, other vapors
atmosphere, on roof m wc~n~ty of rayon bath fume Rayon F 57 30 xx - <0.0001 <o 0001
stack
RESIN
“Dowex 50” resm saturated wth mtrlc acid 6M Atomic 1 85 130 - - <o 0001 <0.0001
Energy
“Dowex 50” resw, saturated wth oxalic actd 5% Atomic L 85 125 - - <o 0001 <o 0001
fnergy
“Oowex 50” resm m dtstdled water, slurry Atomic L 85 125 ~ - <o 0001 <o 0001
Energy
65% approximately urea formaldehyde rests. free Plastic F 212 58 I: xx <O.OOOld <0.0001 0 00012
formic acid, pti 4 5-5 2 (vapors) 0 OOOl’d
31% synthetic resm acetlc aud 41 5%. formal- Synthetic F 158. 179 - x 0.0001l’d 0 00016d
dehyde 7 5% sulfuric acid 296, water remamder Resin 180 wo 00011
23 5% wnyl-resin sollds suspended by agltatlon m Plastic F 185 23 x I 0 0003cd <0 0001 <0.0001
calcium chloride 0 33”, sodum Ih~osullateO 052%
sodurn hydroxide 0 026% solution
(continued)
564 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
TABLE 4.13: VARIOUS STAINLESS STEELS AND HIGH NICKEL ALLOYS-CLIMAX MOLYBDENUM (cont’d)
Test
Corrosion mediums conditions Average corrosion rates (ipy)
synthetlc.rerm varmsh base. phthahc anhydrldc and Palot and f loo. 40 0.0002 O.WOl
glycerme. vegetable 011s and sodium hydronde 10% Varmsh 500
cleanmg solutlon
fumes from synthetwesm varntsh manufacture. Pamt and F 1 oo- 40 <0.0001 <0.0001
phthahc anhydnde. glycerine. vegetable 011s and Varntsh 500
sodurn hydrorlde 10% cleanmg solutton
formaldehyde resm. water 98%. methyl alcohol 2% Chemical f 220 130 0.0013 0.0005 0.0006
ohenola-resm slurry, Mate 0 19%. chlottne Plastic 1 40. 45 <o 0001 <O.OoOl c<0.0001 <o 0001
001%. nltrate and nltnte 12 5 ppm. mtrates 3 160
ppm. no sulllte. pH 3 5.7
rosm. orgamc aclds. phenols. aldehydes, various Chemical F 525 610 <o.c301 1<0.0001 <0.0001 c<0.0001
non.aqueous resm media (autoclave) 0.0003 L 0.0002 0 0002 co.0002
60% row acids. olewlmolelc acids 20%. tall-oil Research L 509 54 0.185 O.OOOla ml c ml
pdch 20% (bottom of tower\ ifractlona-
tion)
tall 011. prmclpally tall-oil rosm labove reboder F 527 69 0.0002 0.0001 0 0002 0.0002
outlet) (fractlona-
tion)
robber reclalmmg. alkalme, neutral and slightly acid Rubber F 387 IO 0.0003 0.0004
condltlons (digester, vapors. Ilqwdl 0.0002 0.0002
rubber rec!almmg. alkalme, neutral and slightly acid Robber F 387 13 ml rlll
condltlons IdIgester, vapors, hquld) 0.0003 0.0001
latex COagU~atlOn, calcium chloride 1%. pH 9 dur. synthetic F 200 107 0 OOOld nil d
I%?18 days, and acetlc acid. pH 3 durmg 89 days Rubber
latex, calwm chloride 2%. pH 9 durmg 34 days; Synthetic F 200 53 <O.OOOld nil d
and acetlc acid 1%. pH 3 durmg 19 days Rubber
treated water for making up synthetic-rubber emul- Synthetic F 135 26 <O.wol <O.ooal
woo. hardness 0. turbidity 3, pti 6-8 (tank bottom) Rubber
Ferrous A l/o ys 565
TABLE 4.13: VARIOUS STAINLESS STEELS AND HIGH NICKEL ALLOYS-CLIMAX MOLYBDENUM bnt’d)
Test
Corrosron mediums conditions Average corrosion rates (ipy)
a g
L‘
$ t’ TIPE TIPE TWE ALLOY
:: :: 364 316 317 “20” 625
. . -----
Rubber
synthetrc-rubber crumb, water 30%, salt 0.5%, Synthetic F 180 15 xx x* <0.0001 <0.0001 <00001
traces of coagulatron hquor chemrcals. combined Rubber
sodrum sulhde. blended trrphenyl phosphite ldrrerf
“actrvator” solutron used m cold rubber production, Rubber F 80. xl x I: <0.0001 <0.0001 nil
glucose 18.4%. sodwm pyrophosphate 4.4%, fer 212
rous sulfate 0 7%
ddute acid solutron lor coagulatmg serum make-up. Synthetic F 100 41 II xx 0.0168cd 0.0004d
sodwm chlorrde 4%. sulfuric acid 0.35% Rubber 0.01115cd
recycle coagulatmg serum, sodium chloride 4%. di- Synthetrc F 100 64 - I 0.00012ad <O.OOOl
lute sulfurrc acrd, water, pH 4 Rubber <O.OOOlad
drlute mother lrquor used to coagulate synthetrc Synthetrc F 120 21 I( - nil a nil
rubber, sodium chloride 4% approxnnately, sodium Rubber
sulfate 0.3% approxunately, pH 3.5 (tank bottom)
ddute creamrng and coagulating solution for “GR Synthetic L 120 5 I I nil nil
S” synthetrc rubber latex, sodmm chloride 3 9%. Rubber
sodrum sulfate 0.27%. pH 3 55 Ialternately im.
mersed)
sodium chlorrde 3 3%. sulfuric acid 0.01% solution Synthetic F 90 30 0.0007d <0.0001
iOorr dewatermg skrmmer) Rubber
sodmm chlorrde 3.06%. sodium sulfate 0.33% solu Rubber 1 86 12 0 0002c <0.0001
bon. ddute sulfurtic acrd. pH 4 3 nil nil
sodwm chlorrde 3 06%. sodium sulfate 0.33% solw Rubber L 120 9 0.0011c <0.0001
bon. drlute sulfurrc acrd. pH 4.3
sodwm chlorrde 3.06%. sodrum sulfate 0.33% solw Rubber 1 120 12 <0.0001 <0.0001
bon, ddute sulfuric acid, pH 4.3
sodrum chlorrde 2.68%. sodium sulfate 03% solu- Rubber F 86 7 0.0001 0.0072
bon. dilute sulfuric acid, pH 1.5
sodmm chlorrde 2.68%. sodtum sulfate 0 3% sohr Rubber f 120 12 0.0427~ 0 008
bon. drlute suffurrc acid, pH 1.5 0.096 0.0005
(contmued)
566 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
TABLE 4.13: VARIOUS STAINLESS STEELS AND HIGH NICKEL ALLOYS-CLIMAX MOLYBDENUM (amt’d)
Test
Corrosion mediums conditions Average corrosion rates (ipy)
selentous aud, sulfwc and nltrlc acids (gas Precious F 200 0 28 0.135c 0.058c 0 083c 0.17c
scrubber) Metal
fumes of selemous acid. sulfuric and nitric acids Precious F 130 004llc 0.061 lc 0 0564~ 0 12llc 0 0506~
Metal 0.1189c
fumes of selemous acid. sulfurtc and rutnc acids Prectous f 650 0.029c 0.027~ 0 022c 0 024~ 0 029c
(box scrubber) Metal
moisture-laden sewage gas from anaerobIc dlges- Food F 90 90 - x <o 0001 <o 0001 <o 0001 <0.0001
bon of packlng house waste, carbon dioxide 63%. (meal1 0 0003 0.0002 00001 0 0001
methane 36%. hydrogen sulfide l%, pH 7.4 ap
proxtmately (Nash vacuum pump)
settled sewage, hydrogen sulfide 14.20 ppm. pH 6-7 sewage F 75 34 - xx <o 0001 <0.0001
Itreatment) 80
flftrate from dewatered elutrlated sewage sludge, Sewage F 70 110 xx xx CO OOOld <0.0001
contams ferric chloride. pH 6 (vacuum flltratlon) fdlsposal)
flltrate from dewatered elutrlated sewage sludge, Sewage F 70 139 xx xx 0 0002cd <0 OOOld
contains lerr~c chloride, pH 5 5 6 (vacuum fdtratlon) fdlsposal)
s~I~ceous ore pulp. soltds 50%. sulfuric acid and Chemical F RT. 3 xx 0 001 0 0006
ferric sulfate added, ferrtc loo 2 g/l, mltlal ptf 0 5 0001’
s~hcon tetramdide, free lodme 2% (hall Immersed1 Research 1 293 7 0.0032 0.0031a 0.0035 0.0029
>40% potash soap, derived lrom edible coconut Soap :f 72 <O.OOOl <0.0001
011. hand washmg soap, fatty acids ~0 5%. pH
9 59.8
35% soap made up lrom coconut fatty acids 50% Soap F 72 <o 0001 <0.0001
and soya fatty acids 50%. glycol 5%. hand-washing
soap, fatty acids (0 4%, pH 9.2-9.5
15% soap, made up from soya fatty acids 50%. tall Soap f 72 <0.0001 <0.0001
011 50%. wth sodlum sullate 1% and pine oil 1 5%.
floor cleaner, pH 10.6
12.5% soap made up from soya fatty acids 50% Soap F 72 <0.0001 <O.OOol
and tall 011 50%. wth free trisodium phosphate
1%. floor cleaner. pH 11-11 5
TABLE 4.13: VARIOUS STAINLESS STEELS AND HIGH NICKEL ALLOYS-CLIMAX MOLYBDENUM
(amt’d)
Test
Corrosion mediums conditions Average corrosion rates (iPY)
soap and wash-hquor mixture, sodturn hydroxide Soap F 200 <o 0001 <0.0001
15%. sodturn chlonde 10%
soap lye. sodium chloride ll%, sodlum hydroxide Soap F 200 102 x x <o 0001 <o 0001
2%
fats, fatty acids, caustic soda (bottom of kettle1 Soap F 90 35 x x <0.0001 <0.0001
217
soap, salts of alummum. calcwm. magnewm and Soap F 100 35 x x <o 0001 co 0001
z,nc. pH 4-l I 190
tallow, acldulated cottonseed and soybean 011 soap Chemical F 138 11 - xx <0.0001 <0.0001 <o 0001
stocks (tank bottom)
aclduiated cottowseed oil soap stock and mlxed Chemtcal . F 147 62 xx - <0.0001 <0.0001 0.0004
vegetable 011 soap stock
ddute soap solutlon of sodwm salt of sulfonated 011 Rayon F 86 56 - x <0.0001 <0.0001
of mdefmlte composition, sodurn oleates. paraffm
011s
lo%, organws. bulyl alcohols 5.10%. formalde- Chemical F 230 38 - xx <0.0001 <o 0001
hyde 1%. water remamder, pH 4.5
5.2%. water 93%. sodwm formate 0.5.1%, butane Chemical F 300 61 xx xx <0.0001
0.1%. pH85-95
20%, soda-ash draw liquor. ammonwm chloride Chemical F 85 280 xx xx 0.0001 0.0001 0 0001
15%. sodwm chlor,de 5%, dissolved carbon dloxlde
2%. free ammoma 1.2%. solld ammonwm blear-
bonate I%. sodum sulfide trace (carbonating tower1
condensate from sodlum-bicarbonate mother liquor Chemical F 135 14. L nil 0.00037
28
sodium-bicarbonate slurry m solution of ammonium Chemical F 84 3102 - xx 0 0001 0.0001
chlortde. sodwm chloride, and free ammonia 35
tder lcarbonatmg tower)
slurry saturated wth sodum chloride, sodium bi- Chemical F 81 90 xx xx 0.0003ad 0.0004d
carbonate. ammonium chloride, ammonium bicar-
bonate. free ammoma and free carbon dioxide fbi-
carbonatmg tower)
(continued)
568 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
TABLE 4.13: VARIOUS STAINLESS STEELS AND HIGH NICKEL ALLOYS-CLIMAX MOLYBDENUM bm’d)
Test
Corrosion mediums conditions Average corrosion rates (ipy)
wet gas containmg carbon dioxide and ammonia, Chemical F 185 70 - x. O.OOOlb 0.0001
water 0.32 g/I ammonia 0.23 g/l;carbon dioxide
0.135 g/l III vapors; ammonium carbonate IM, am- soda)
monwm hydrorlde 1.3M III condensate. some hydro-
gen sulhde III vapors (heat exchanger)
feeder Ilquor. sodwn chloride 230 g/l. flxed am- Chemical F 185 105 x xx 0.0016~ 0.0001c 0.0001c
moma 65 g/l, free ammonia 15 g/l, sulfide 0.04 g/l. 0.0003’c so.ooo2c SO.OOOla
won 0 006 gi I (coke-packed section of strippar still) s0.0014c
LSO.OO28c
soool’c
blcarbonale lower slurry saturated wdh sodwm br- Chemical F 75. 77 x xx O.OOZlad 0.0015a
carbonate. ammomum bicarbonate. sodium chloride, 160 0.0015’ad
ammomum chloride, free ammoma, free carbon
dloxlde, some crystals of sodium bicarbonate
SOOI”M CNtBONATE
25.4%. sodwm chloride 8%, sodium borate 8%, Chemical F 150 60 xx xx 0.016~
so&urn sulfate 2 5%
SOOWM
CHLORATE
55%. sodium chlorfde 7%. rohd salt m suspension Chemical F 230 174 - xx 00001 00001 c0.0001
5%. pH 9-10 [vacuum evaporator)
saturated solution of sodium chlorate and sodium Chemical F 100 62 - x O.OOOlbd O.OOOlbd
chloride from which the chlorate is crystallized, no
hypochlordes, pH 6-7
sochum chlorate, sulfuric acid, chlorine dioxide, Research 1 127- 10.0045 10.0063 0.002
water 131 10.009 LO.0086
10.0156
soot”u CHLORlOE
purlhed sodwm-chloride slurry from vacuum pans, Chemical F 90. 90 xx x <O.OOOlad <0.0001
brine 75% approximately, salt crystals 25% ap- 100
proximately
saturated to 15.3% sodium-chloride solution lalter- Metal F 60. 160 x x O.OOOld <O.OOOl
nate Immerslonl 80
vapors from bodmg saturated sodlumxhlorlde solu- Chewal F 210 210 xx 0 OOOl’cd <O.OOOlbd
t10n Ievaporator)
(continued)
Ferrous Alloys 569
TABLE 4.13: VARIOUS STAINLESS STEELS AND HIGH NICKEL ALLOYS-CLIMAX MOLYBDENUM bnt’d)
Test
Corrosion mediums conditions Average corrosion rates (ipy)
saturated salt brme. hydrogen sulLde0.15gll. pH 6.7 Chemical F 100 393 0.0001c
50% sodwm chloride. sodium hydroxide 8%. SD Chemical F 400 27 0.004 0.0023
dum chlorate I%, ammonia 1%. water remainder
lammanla still1
ICI%, restdual soap, total sodwm oxide 0.03% ap- SOi3P F 165 65 0.0002d
proximately, free sodurn oxide 00003% approxl.
mately
(continued)
570 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
TABLE 4.13: VARIOUS STAINLESS STEELS AND HIGH NICKEL ALLOYS-CLIMAX MOLYBDENUM bm’d)
Test
Corrosion mediums conditions Average corrosion rates (ipy)
c jj
e’
I s
c
s
$ 5 c‘ TYPE TlPE TlPE ALLOY
0” 2 4 304 316 317 “20” 825
. . . .
18%. restdual soap. total sodium oxide 0.03% ap- Soap 140 65 xx xx 0.0004d 0.0002
pro:imately. lree sodium oxide 0.0003% approxi-
mately
10%. alummum chloride hydrate 0.25% approxi- Soap 165 65 XI xx <0.0001 <0.0001
mately. pressure 110 psi
18%. aluminum chloride hydrate 0.25% approxi- Soap 160 65 xx xx 0.00064~ 0.00036cd
mately
18%. total sodwm oxide 0 03% approximately. free soap 160 46 xx xx 0.0004ad 0.00014
sodwm oxide 0 003% approximately. pressure 110
PSI
18%. total sodium oxide 0 03% approximately. free Soap 140 46 xx xx 0.00084d 0.00038
sodium oxide 0 003% approximately. pressure 110
Psi
15.3% approximately, ammomum perchlorate 240 Chemical 155. 98 I x 0.0002cd 0.0001a 0OOOla
g/l, sodturn perchlorate 78 g/l. sodwm chlorate 2 170
g/l, ammonium chlonde trace, pH 4 8
14% approximately sodium-chloride bittern, chlO- Chemical 170 90 xx 0.0036r 0.006~ 0 0038cd
r&de 10” 5N. sulfate ion 55 g/l. magnesium ion 41
g/l, sodlum and potaswm ions balance of catloos.
pH 2-5 (heat exchanger)
12X, acldlfled with sulfwc acid, petroleum solvent Tannmg 180 x 0 0001 0.0001
added, pH 2 5 kheepskm degreasmg drum1
12% approximately waste brine, calcmm chloride Mmmg 112 17 xx xx 0.156cd 0.047cd
1 g/l. hydrogen sulbde 250 ppm (line) kulfur)
sodwm chloride and sodwm sulfate 13.16%. glyc- Soap a5 I05 xx x WO OOlcd WO.OOlcd
enne 10.12%. spent soap lye treated wth ferric
chloride and sulfuric acid to pH 4 5. mud and water
sodwm chloride and sodturn sulfate 13.16%. acid Soap a5 105 x x WO 006cd W0.003cd
lye treated wth alkali to pH 9. glycerine lo-12%, wo 004c wo.003
mud and water WO.OOOlbd W<O.OOOld
10.5%. acldlc salt strlppmg solution. chloride 70 Mmmg 86 21 -- 0.018a 0.016cd 0 005lad 0 0074ad 0 006cd
g/l, sulfate 50 g/l. nitrate 20-25 g/l, thorwm 4.5
g/l. ferric ton 1 g/l. sulfuric acid 0 IN; pH 0.5 ap_
proximately
7% approximately. pickle hquor, sulfuric actd 0 25. Tanning 60. 180 0.0022 0 0012
05% 70
1% approximately, pickle Ilquor, sulfuric acid 0 25. Tanning 60. 180 <0.0001 <o 0001
0 5% (above hquor level1 70
5-4%, sodlum hydroxide 1% (bottom 01 column1 Chemical 220 58 - xx <O.OOOld <O.OOOld <O.OOOld <O.OOOld
2%. plantwaste elfluent. sohds 4-5%, chlorides, Chemical F 60 105 x - <0.0001 <0.0001
carbonates, sullates. sulfides and organic salts,
water remamder, pH 10
(continued)
Ferrous Alloys 571
TABLE 4.13: VARIOUS STAINLESS STEELS AND HIGH NICKEL ALLOYS-CLIMAX MOLYBDENUM (mnt’d)
Test
Corrosion mediums conditions Average corrosion rates (ipy)
1.6% approximately, spent brme mme water from Mming F 120 67 xx x 0.0001c 0.0001c
Frasch process, calcwm carbonate 500-1000 ppm,
hydrogen sulllde 150.200 ppm, polysulfldes 75.100
ppm. thlosulfates as hydrogen sulfide 4-10 ppm.
ptl 6-6 8
0.15%. o+field brme, calwm and magnewm Chemical F 149 144 xx xx 0.016~ 0.012c
chlorides lo%, bromme 04%, pH 6
purllled sodium-chloride brme. acldlfled wth hydra. Salt F 228 ia - XX 0.263 0.189
chlorlc acid to pH 3 54.5
sodium chloride, water 3%. ferrous chloride 0 7% Chemtcal 147 0 0002ad 0 OOOlad
sodwm-chloride blttern (heatexchanger head) Chemtcal F 169 168 xx 0 0006cr 0 0006~ 0 0002c
sodium chloride. sodium sulfate, glycerme. pH 6-10 Soap F 140 1235 x xx <O.OOOlcd <O.OOOl <0.0001
(vertical tube evaporator1 150
saturated salt solution of glycerine and water. glyc- Soap F 140 91 - - 0 0003cd <O.OOOlad <O.OOOld <OOOOld
erine 15.80% (Wooster-Sanger evaporator. vaporsl 220
salt and crude glycerme. soltds 7.25%, water vapor. Soap F 190 24 llll nil
pH 79
salt and crude gtycerme, solids 725%. water vapor, Soap F 190 26 0.00012 <0.0001
pn 5.5-9
air. saturated wth sodhum chloride Mmmg F 77 84 xx xx 0.0003ad <O 0001 <0.0001 <0.0001
SODWM CHLORITE
0.5%. during 34 hours, aeratmn durmg 138 hours, Pulp and F 95 31 .x xx 0.0002cd 0 OOOlad
calcium hypochlorlte direct chlorination wth Paper
added sulfuric acid to pH 4.5 durmg 572 hours
(honzantal Bellmer bleach beater)
0.2.0.1%. “Textone” cotton dyemg and bleach- Textile F 160. 194 x xx 0.0006’~ 0.0003c 0 OOOlc O.OOOla
mg, oxahc acid l-2 g/l 170
0.1%. “CF” rayon bleach, 53% acetic acid 0 18%. Chemical L 210 05 x xx 0 003 0.003
synthetic detergent 0.1%. 0.035% hydrogen per-
oxide 100 vol, sodium carbonate 0.03%
0 04%. “CF” textde bleach, synthetic detergent Chemical L 130 0.5 x xx 0.001 0 002
0.2%, sodium bicarbonate 0.15%, free chlorine
as sodium hypochlorlte 0.15%. soda ash 0.07%
0.02%. “Textone,” caustic soda 1% lbleachmg klerl TextlIe F ‘ 215 23 - x 0 0001 <o 0001
TABLE 4.13: VARIOUS STAINLESS STEELS AND HIGH NICKEL ALLOYS-CLIMAX MOLYBDENUM bnt’d)
Test
Corrosion mediums conditions Average corrosion rateS (ipy)
SDD,“M FL”OR,DE
sodum lluorlde, alummum lluwde, sodium sul- Metal F a7 63 ‘ 00001 <o 0001 0 00011
fate. sodturn carbonate, sodwm bicarbonate. aw. 0 00017
water. alummum oxide. DH 9
6.1% approrlmately saturated sodturn acid flua- Chemtcal F 175 30 0 OSIC 0 043 CO 032
ride solul~on. crystals 30 g/l. hydrogen lluorlde 0 Olc
30 g’l
SODlUU FL”OSIL1CATE
SODIUM HYDROSULFlDE
12-5X. sodwm sulhde and polysullldes as impuri- Chemical F 230 50 <0.0001 <O.OOOl <O.OOOl <o 0001
ties <O.OOOl’
L<0.0001
SOOIUU HVDROSULFITE
40%. some sullur dmxlde, zmc suspension in water Textile F 85. 42 <o 0001 <0.0001
125
TABLE 4.13: VARIOUS STAINLESS STEELS AND HIGH NICKEL ALLOYS-CLIMAX MOLYBDENUM (amt’d)
Test
Corrosion mediums conditions Average corrosion rates (ipy)
r‘- 2
2 :: a’
SODlUH HYDROXlDE
Scm,“M-HYDROXIDEYlXTURES
23% caustic soda lye, sodium chlonde IO-15%. Soap F 190 64 xx <O.OOOlcd <OOOOla
tallow, coconut 011. glycerme removed wth sodwm ;OOOOl’cd 0 0003
chloride. sodium hydrosulllte 0.050.15% added m O.OOOlb
alkatme solution 00001*a
20%, potasswm hydroxide 2.7%. (stilt pot in crack- Plastic F 305 60 - xx <O.OOOl <0.0001
mg column) tdistdlalion)
TABLE 4.13: VARIOUS STAINLESS STEELS AND HIGH NICKEL ALLOYS-CLIMAX MOLYBDENUM hm’d)
Test
Corrosion mediums conditions Average corrosion rates (ipy)
E $
IS%, naphthenrc acrd, cresols, phenols fresultrng Petroleum f 225 660 - x 0.0001 0.0002
gravrty 22.28”&), mercaptan sulfur 0 04% (tower)
18%. naphthenrc acid, cresols. phenols Iresulting Petroleum F 225 564 - x 0.0001 0 0001
gravrty 22~28”Bel, mercaptan sulfur 0 04% (tower)
17.2%, organrc salt 12%. methanol 8%. sodrum Chemical F 85 37 x xx <o 0001 <0.0001 <0.0001 <0.0001
chlarrde 7% lliqurd Imet s0.0001 so 0001
17.2%, organrc salt 12%. methanol 8%. sodrum Chemrcal F 85 37 _ xx <o 0001 <0.0001 <0.0001 <0.0001
chlorrde 7% so 0001 s0.0002
15%. monochlorotoluene saturated wrth chlorine Chemrcal f 212 33 - x 0.023cd 0 022cd 0 018cd
2% and hydrochlarrc acid 2% approxrmately [batch fdrstrllation)
strll)
15.1.5%. amme salt 12%. methanol 8%. sodrum Chemrcal F 85 20 x xx 0 0001 to 0002
chloride 7%
10% caustrc cell Imuor. salt 12% Chemrcal F 190 279 x x 0 0002 <0.0001
10.3%. occasronalty some sulfurrc scud Research L 190 300 xx 0.03a 0.0083 CO 0006 0.0001
6%, sodrum hypochlorrte ~1% (gas scrubber) Petro- F 80. 138 _ - 0 024’cd 0 022cd
cherlncal 90
2%. sulfurrc acrd 10%. sulfur droxrde 0 1%. pH 4 3 Chemrcal F 125 104 x io 0001 <o 0001
sodrum hydroxrde. sulfur dioxide, normally acid Chemical F 130. 99 x xx <o 0001 <0.0001
solutron 140
0.5%. water 99 5%. traces of butane and kerosene Chemrcal F 320 275 x x “II nil
dilute caustic soda, sodrum formate. methanol, Chemical F 86. 75 x xx <0.0001 <o 0001 <o 0001 <0.0001
“rtrogen compounds 248 0.0003 0 0003
6.3%. sulluric acrd 45%, sulfate turpentrne oil Chemical F 100 103 - xx 0.0003d 0.0002d 0 0002d 0.0003d
0.52X-O%, free sodrum hydroxide 4-35 g/l. sodium Petroleum F R.T. 37 0.000la
chlorrde 2-25 g/l. sodium rrlicate Ig/l. acid oils
O-2 ml/l
(continued)
Ferrous Alloys 575
TABLE 4.13: VARIOUS STAINLESS STEELS AND HIGH NICKEL ALLOYS-CLIMAX MOLYBDENUM (cont’d)
Test
Corrosion mediums conditions Average corrosion rates (ipy)
0.042%-O%. sodrum chloride 3.21 g/l, free sodium Petroleum F R.T. 55 O.OOl& nil
hydroxide 6-13 g/l. acid ads 02 ml/t during 13
days; and sodium chloride 7-15 g/t. free sodium
hydroxide 5.8 g/l during 42 days
sodrum hypochlorite traces, sodium chloride <l%. i Cellophane :F 212 69 I xx <0.OOOlad <O.OOOlad . .. . <O.ODOlad
sulfur base dye
6&12X approximately, crude sodium-nitrate sohr- Chemical F 232 30 - xx o.ooa7c 0.0006 o.ow6
Iron fevaporalor)
0.4-0.3X. s&urn chloride 0.9%. diazoting bath Textile 1 180 0.2 - xx 0.0056 0.0044
10.0058
SODIUY PHENOLATE
sodium phenolate, tar acids 20 WI% approximately. Coal By- F 248 329 - . <O.OOOlcd <o.o001
total alkalinity 20% as sodium hydroxide (tower) product
SODIUM PHOSPHATE
50% sodium trrpolyphosphate and sodium tetra- Chemical F 165 2.5 xx xx 0.0001 0.0004
polyphosphate solution (hydrator)
so&urn phosphate, salts 54.55%. hydrochloric-acid Chemical F 185 16.5 II xx nil nil nil
trace. ptl 6 9-7 (gas scrubbing, vapors, liquid)
10% dlsodium phosphate and sodium carbonate, Chemical F 150 123 xx xx 0.0001 0.0001
sodwm.phosphate solution. pH 9 (bottom of tower) 0.0001’
rhsodurm pyrophosphate during 38.6 days, disodium Food :F 60 59 xx xx 0.0001 0.0001 0.0001
phosphate durmg 7.3 days, monosodium phosphate
durmg 5.7 days, potassium phosphate during 4.3
days, potassrum pyrophosphate during 1.8 days,
monopotassium phosphate during 1 day (rotary drier)
disodium pyrophosphate during 38.6 days, disodium Food ‘F 70 59 - xx O.OOOla 0.0001 0.0001
phosphate during 7.3 days, monosodium phosphate
durmg 5.7 days, potassium phosphate during 4.3
days, potassium pyrophosphate during 1.8 days,
monopotasswm phosphate during 1 day (rotary drier1
SODIUM PROPIONATE
~0.2% sodium and calcium propronates and ace- Chemical F <160 45 xx xx <0.0001
tales, so&urn salts, pH8 approximately
(continued)
576 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
TABLE 4.13: VARIOUS STAINLESS STEELS AND HIGH NICKEL ALLOYS-CLIMAX MOLYBDENUM bmt’dl
Test
Corrosion mediums conditions Average corrosion rates (ipy)
sodrum.sulfrte saturated slurry. tmc sulfate l%, Chemical F 230 193 - xx 0.0001 0.0001 0.0001
sodrum hydroxrde. pti 8 5-9 fevaporator) w0.0001
25.20%. top waters from organrc yellow prgment. Paper F 158. 7 5 xx xx 0 0006ad 0.0003d
sodrum acetate 3%, sodrum chlorrde 16% 176
14.8%. chlorrde ran 456, ferrrc ran 4%. phosphate Pharma- F 125 20 x xx 0.0028cd O.OOlcd
ran 1%. pH l-2 5 ceutrcal
6.547% approximately, sodrum fluorrde 5.20 g/l, Metal F 68. 55 xx xx 0.0004c <0.0001
sodrum carbonate 2.10 g/l, traces of sulfur dioxide 104 . ..0.0001
and hydrofluorrc acrd, water remarnder (Soderberg
gas scrubber)
5-0.5X. sulfurrc acid 053%. wash water from Chemical F 150 28 x xx <O.OOOld <0.0001
washmg of sdrca gel
1.5% sodrum sulfate hydrate, sulfuric acid 0.5% Textile 1 150 4.1 - x flll nil
sodium sulfate. sodrum carbonate, sodrum sulfide. Pulp and F 190 179 I xx <O.OOOl <0.0001
water, solrds 55% Paper
SODIUM WLFlDE
40% mrtrally. sodrum hydrosulfrde 45% finally Chemrcal F 194 160 - x 0.0026 0.0039 0.0015 0.0005
sodium-sulhde solution, pH 6.5 (bottom of tanti Pulpand F 65. 163 - - <O.OOOl <O.OOOl
Paper 100 <0.0001’
(continued)
Ferrous A l/o ys 577
TABLE 4.13: VARIOUS STAINLESS STEELS AND HIGH NICKEL ALLOYS-CLIMAX MOLYBDENUM hnt’d)
Test
Corrosion mediums conditions Average corrosion rates (ipy)
s -‘f
,YOUSl””
i pz $
0”
ll?E
304
1WE
316
1WE
317 “20”
ALLOY
525
IPROCESS
i
L
. . . . . P--P-
sodnrm sulfide, sulfonicacrd derivatrves. pH >8 Pulp and f 140 84 x xx O.WOl 0.0001
11 any hqurd entrained in vapors and noncondens- Paper
able gases Ievaporator. vapors)
2% sodrum trwlfide. sodium chloride 2%. sodium Chemical F 105 70 xx x 0.0001 <0.0001
hydroxrde 0.5%. traces of ethyl amine, thiosulfates
andsodmmmercapto-benzothlarole. water remainder
3%. orgamc actds, sulfurous acrd. tannins (under Tanning F 180 xx 0.0001’ 0.0901
false bottom 01 quebracho bisulhting tank)
sodrum sulhte calculated as sodrum hydroxrde Rayon F 108 56 x <0.0001 <o 0001
0 12%. alkalme “Antrchlor” solution <0.0001’
0.063%. sulfates as sulfur trroxide 232 ppm, chlo- 150. 55 0 2038 nil c rlll
rrdes as chlorme 210 ppm. rron 28 ppm, nitrates as 200
mtrogen droxlde 15 ppm. free sulfur 2 ppm
20%. yandlm. treated under vacuum with sulfuric Pulp and F 180 116 - x 0.0002’ CO.0008
acrd to drove off sulfur droxrde. solution decomposed Paper
to sodrum sullate
6%. organcc acrds. sulfurous acid, tannins Tanning F 180 xx 0.0001 0.0001
16.4% approximately. hydrochloric acid 5%. so- Metal F 125 30 xx corr 0.069cd 0.065cd
drum chlorrde 3% 0.188cd
SOYBEAN
au. steam, vapors from hot, moist soybean meal Agriculture F 165 33 xx xx <O.OOOld <O.OOOld
Iexpeller)
au steam, vapors horn hot. morst, raw extracted Agriculture F 156 28 xx xx <0.0091 <O.OoOl
soybean meal
au steam. vapors from morst. toasted extracted Agriculture F 175 28 xx xx <O.OOOld <O OOOlad
soybean meal
steam. n-hexane vapors, some orgamc distillates Chemical F 80. 55 x x 0.0002 0.0004
from soybean extracted meal, no chlorrdes (half em- 250
bedded m carbon, vapors mlet of absorption tower)
vapors and condensate from soybean and flaxseed Food F 100. 145 x iO.OOOlcd <0.0001
flmseed) cookmg (vapors mlet of condenser) 400 <O.OOOl’
fumes from soybean and flaxseed (Imseed) cooking Food F 450. 145 - x <0.0001 <0.0001
Ipressure cooker) 500 (continued)
578 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
TABLE 4.13: VARIOUS STAINLESS STEELS AND HIGH NICKEL ALLOYS-CLIMAX MOLYBDENUM bnt’d)
Test
Corrosion mediums conditions Average corrosion rates Lipy)
g oz
e
g - ,“PL ,WL 7”PE ALLOY
= $ 304 316 317 “20” a25
. . . . .
fumes frotn the heatmg 01 crushed soybeans and food F 230. 39 x ,.o 0001 <0.0001
llaxseed (expeller condltloner ventdator) 240
SiARCH
wheat starch, water, sulfur dioxide and “Dowicide.” Food F 32@ 68 x x 0.0002c <0.0001
pH 2 Z-3.8 (drum drier, vapors during 35 days) 340 0.0002’c
STEAM
steam wrtually devold of all solutes fdeaerating Power F 220 244 -- <o 0001 <0.0001
heater) s<0.0001
w<o 0001
92.2% approximately, hydrogen sulhde 7.63%, Research L ZOO- 291 IllI c IllI IllI
mercaptans 0.17% (overhead hne from sour-waler 230
stripper)
geothermal steam and water, carbon dioxide, hy Power F 180 60 - x <0.0001 <0.0001
drogen sulftde. ammoma, pH 6.5 (steam and water
separator)
steam from Dallas city water, after zeollte solten- Chemical F 225 30 xx xx 0.0004c <0.0001
mg. sodturn chloride 292 ppm average. hydroxides
0.42 ppm, carbonates 10-36 ppm, bicarbonates O-6
ppm
steam, fumes lrom feedstufts and molasses (tap of Agrkxlture F 190 112 c.0 0001 <0.0001
cooler1
steam and water and other reagents plcked up dur- Textde F <,212 268 xx - O.OOOllad <O.OOOl
mg vat agmg of printed goods tprmtingl
33%. small amounts of sodium chromate. pH 3-6 Chemical F 160 3.7 - x 0.219ad 0.07bd
during 44 hours. pH I1 approximately durmg 35 P.217’bd
hours. pti l-2 durmg 9 hours
“Steffen” Mate, total dry substance 70%, tsucrose Sugar F 178 127 - x <O.OOOla <D.DDDl
IO%, aminoacids IO%, potassium salts remainder), <0.0001’
pH 6.5 (evaporator)
“Steffan” Wale, total dry substance 40%, (sucrose Food F 176 127 - x 0.0001 o.lxM2
lo%, aminoacids 10%. potassium salts remainder).
pH 8.5 (evaporator)
“Steffen” filtrate. total dry substance 4%. (sucrose Sugar F 214 111 - xx OOOOl’a D.DDOl
10%. aminoacids 10%. potassium salts remainder),
pH 8.5 (evaporator)
carbonated “Steffcn” filtrate sludge. total solids Food F 125 59 x xx O.OOOla O.DDDl
23%. (calcium carboMts 87%. sucrose 4%. amino-
acids 4%. mostly potassium salts remainder). pH
8.5 (Dorr thickener)
(continued)
Ferrous A llo ys 579
TABLE 4.13: VARIOUS STAINLESS STEELS AND HIGH NICKEL ALLOYS-CLIMAX MOLYBDENUM bnt’d)
carbonated “Steffen” filtrate, total solids 3%, fsu- Food F 125 0.0001 0.0001
close 10%. aminoacids 10%. calcmm carbonate
6%. mostly potasswm salts remainder). pH 8.5
tOorr thickener)
SUOAR. CANE
sugv. hydtochlorlc acid, ammomum sulfate. am- Chemical F 260 5 - xx 0.037c 0.0059 0.0015 00013
momurn chloride. pH 0.5, pressure
91.90% sucrose. sugar syrups and liquors, dls- Sugar F 160 133 xx xx <0.0001c <0.0001c
solved solids 60X, pH 3.5-S
60% sugar syrup. caustic soda 3%, muriatlc acid Sugar F 180 7 - XX’ 0014 0.006 0 0006
3%
concentrated “Steffen” bltrate. sohds m solution SUgal F 176 105 x x IllI nil
60%. solids lmostly potassium salts) in suspen-
slon 5% fcalandrla evaporator)
Invert sucrose syrup. acidified wth hydrochloric Sugar F 140 116 - - 0 OQo3 0.0001
acid to pH 2.5-3. and neutrahzed with lime to
pH 5-6
cane-sugar hquors (bone char filtratlon) Sugar F 170 56 x x <0.0001 <0.0001 <O.OOOl <O.OOOl
14.0.5% sugar, sweetwater from washmg bone Sogal F 160 61 - xx <0.0001 <0.0001
char after use as a blter ald for refmed sugar
hquor (evaporator charge tank)
11%. lowpurlty (75%) sweet water, fmal pH 7.6 Sugal F 160 228 - - <0.0001 <o 0001
5%. sulfuric acid 0.5%. pressure 160 psi Research L 363 - 0.018 0.0033
sugar fdter media, superheated steam, pH 6 fgrav- Sugar F ZOO- 0.2 - xx 0.001’ 0.002 0.003
ity fdter vessel) 1100
“Steffen” fdtrate. solids in solution 2.5%, Cal- Sugar F 185 105 x x <0.0001 <0.0001
cium carbonate precipitated IX, sohds in SW
pewon (Kelly falter)
waste water from bonexhat biters. orgamc and Sugar F 170 74 x- <O.OfJOl <0.0001 <o 0001 <O.OOOl
inorgamc lmpuritles, pH 6.7-7.3
steam, destructively dtstdled otganics at 800 F, Sugar F ZOO- 50 - xx <0.0001 <O.OOOl <0.0001
pH 6-7 ILIter) Irefmingl 700
vapors lrom lowgrade sugar masseculte. vacuum Sugar F 160 59 xx xx <0.0001 <0.0001
27 in. of mercury (condenser)
vapors from hot sugar liquor lchar filter trough) Sugar F 145 56 - - <0.0001 <O.OOOl c.0 0001 <0.0001
dextrose solution formed by washing dextrose dust Food F 78. 16 xx xx <0.0001 <0.0001
with recirculated water. pH initially 7. fmally 3.7 88
each day (sugar scrubber)
corn syrup being concentrated from 51% solids to Corn :F 90. 108 - xx ! <O.OOOld <0.OOOld <O.OOOl
80% solids (vacuum evaporator) Products : 190 c<0.Oc41
(continued)
580 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
TABLE 4.13: VARIOUS STAINLESS STEELS AND HIGH NICKEL ALLOYS-CLIMAX MOLYBDENUM hont’d)
lest
Corrosion mediums conditions Average corrosion rates (ipy)
95.50% rpprortmately. second sugar liquor, sodium Sugar F I35 33 -xxx: O.OOW 0.0003
chlorrde 4.2%. pll 4.2 Miial evaporator) 0.0005’
50% approstmalely, second sugar liquor, sodium Sugar F 135 30 x- <0.0001 <0.0001
chiorrde 2.7%. hydrochlorrc acid to ptt 4.4.4.6
45% approximately. glucose liquor from corn, pH Food F 170 100 x xx 0.0003cd <O.OOOl
4.45 tfilter~
22% approximately. refined dextrose solution, acti- Corn F 145 52 x x <0.000I <O.cml
vated carbon suspension. sulfuric acid, pH 4 Products w<0.0001 w<0.0001
99.9% starch. hydrochloric acid tO*Be remainder Chemical F 425 15 - I, 0.0015’a 0.0005a
93.9% starch, lO*Be hydrochloric acid 3.11%. Chemical F 140 15 - X’ 0.0003’a 0.0002
glacnl acetic acid 3.05%
starch slurry, hydrochloric acid to 0.02N. specific Corn F 275 134. xx 0.0002 <O.MUtld
gravity 1.075. pH 1.8 ldextrose converter, vapors. Products 217 0.0004d 0.0006d
hqurdl (relining)
starch slurry, sulfuric acid to O.O4N, chlorides Corn F 120 57 xx xx 0.0001 w<o.O001
0.0022%. pH 1.62 Products w<0.0001
starch wash filtrates, sullur dioxide. pH 3.5 Corn 11 125 44 xx xx O.OOld <0.0001 <0.0001
Preducts
i beliiing~
ltashed steam, hydrochloric acid, sulfur dioxide, Food jF 60. 79 1 xx : <O.OOOlcd <O.OOOl <0.0001 <0.0001
various volatile decomposilton products from acid : 212
hydrolysis of corn march, pH of liquor 1.5 (vapor :
line)
SULFONATCO COYfOUNOS
81.3% benzene sullonic acid, sulfurs acid 3.8% : F 204 0 -- 0.66 0.07 0.12
: Chemical
99% benzene sullonic acid, sulfuric acid 4% i Chemical jf 329 15 - x: 0.095 0.046 0.036
filly; sulfuric acid 66*Bi. benzene initially
86.1%benzene sulfonic acid. sulluric acid Xl%, Chemical :F 264 11 - - 0.53 0.7
some water
9949% benzene sullonic acid, sulluric acid JO- : Chemical i F 98. 31 xx xx 0.0017d 0.0011
50%. benzene m~disullonic acid 0.15%. sullur : 275
dioxide m vapors
50% od-soluble sulionic acid, solvent naphtha Chemical F 60. 3.8 - x 1.451 0.93 0.346 0.316
45%. water 5%. sulluric acid lrace (bottom of still) Idistillation) 250
59% oilsoluble sullonic acid, solvent naphtha Chemical F 60. 3.0 - x 0.061 0.06 0.063 0.059
45%. water 5%, sulfuric acid trace (vapors1 : (distillation) : 250
(continued)
Ferrous Alloys 581
TABLE 4.13: VARIOUS STAINLESS STEELS AND HIGH NICKEL ALLOYS-CLIMAX MOLYBDENUM bmt’d)
Test
Corrosion mediums conditions Average corrosion rates (ipy)
$f 7WE ALLOY
s 5 lwE 1WE
:’ Y 304 316 317 “20” 825
. . p---p
liquor saturated wth organic sutlonic acids, sodmm Chemical f 98 x x corr 0.0002a 0.002
sullate and sulfur dmxide. hydrochloric acid 2%.
some sulfuric acid. acetic acid trace, pH 1.5-2
(vacuum biter. alternately Immersed)
Ilquor saturated with orgamc sullonic acids, sodturn Chemccal f 78. 80 - x corr 0.0001 0.0001
sullate and sulfur dioxide, hydrochloric acid 2%. 98
some sutlur~c acad. acetic acid trace, pH 15-2
(vacuum filter)
66% ap~rextmataly dodecylbenzen sulfonic acid, :F 155 22 X xx I 0.0714 D.055d O&W 0.0102 0.M
spent sulluric acid 33% approximately, sulfur di-
oxide and trioxide (bottom of sulfonator)
66% qprnxtwlety dodecylbenzene sullonic acid. -F 155 22 X xx I 0.0436 0.04d 0.03d 0.0036 0.007
spent sulfuric acid 33% approximately, sulfur di-
oxide and trioxide kullonator, vapors1
33% appuiaalely dodacylbenzene sulfonic acid, IF 80 22 X x : 0.0003 0.0009 0.0011 O.OOOE 0.0018
hexane 64%. spent sulfuric acid 2.3% tbottom of
teotd
33% a##rox*ataly dodecylbenzene sullonic acid, Petroleum F 80 22 X x : <O.OOOl <0.0001 <O.OWl <o.OOD1 <D.DDOl
hexane 64%, spent sulluric acid 2.3% (vapors)
dodecylknzeoe sullonic acid, from reaction of 20% Detergent 1 125 16 - xx D.Old D.DD23d 0.0009
oleum I.32 parts and dodecylbenzene I part D.WJd
dodecylbenzene sulfonic acid, from reactiowol 20% Detergent ;1 125 16 - xx j O.WlSd O.OD21d O.Wll
oleum 1.32 parts and dodecylbenzene 1 part, water
0.139 parts
sullonated kerosene. settling out of sulfuric acid Detergent F 135 111 xx - O.OD5’d 0.004
05%
sutionated kerosene. in Jullurii acid 85% which Detergent F 60 111 xx xx 0.W2ad O.WJad
during aashmg ranges from 85% to neutral 150
naphthatern sullonic acid, solids 50%. pH 1 Chemical F 122 3.3 - xx 0.0395 0.0107
naphthalene sullonic acid, phenol condensates, pH F 104. 100 x xx >O.D56c >o.O61c 0.039c 0.013
1-7 ibottom of tank1 284 0.073c
30% phenol sutldnic acid, from reaction of phenol Chemical F 158 40 - 0.142 0.136 CD.0084
and 98% sulfuric acid I248 F during 12 hours).
formaldehyde and water added, borax and ammonia
to pH 3
22% p-chlorobenzene sulfonic acid, sulluric acid Chemical f 65 11 -- 0.0003 0.001 0.002
74%. “DOT” 4%
chlorosullooic acid, alkyl aryl organic. hydrochloric Chemical f 140 4.2 X XX 0.0087 O.DO8 0.0068 0.0068
acid. sullur dioxide
20X, pyriime sulfonic acid, sulfuric acid I-S%. Chemical F 75 37 xx x <D.ODOl <D.DODl
calcium srllate, mercury sullate suspension trace
talternataty immersed)
1510% calcium pyridine sutlonate. pyridine I% Chemical f R.T. 4.7 xx x 0.0012’ 0.0014
approximately, calcium hydroxide 0.1%. pH 8 ap-
proximately Ialternately immerse@
calcium pyridme sullonate slurry, sulfuric acid Chemical f 100. 16 xx x <O.OOOl’ <0.0001
I?I%, small amount of mercury sullate probably in 150
mercurnc form (vacuum lilterl
(continued)
582 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
TABLE 4.13: VARIOUS STAINLESS STEELS AND HIGH NICKEL ALLOYS-CLIMAX MOLYBDENUM bnt’d)
Test
Corrosion mediums conditions Average corrosion rates (ipy)
aconrlrc acrd. sodrum hydroxrde. solforrc acid, so- Chemrcal F 188. 0.113ad 0.121
dium m-brsulfrte (half Immersed) 195
sulfonated turpentme. from reactron of sulfurrc Chemical F 32. 1 0.001 0.001 0.001 0005
actd 60% and turpentine in molar ratro 211 42
sulfonated alkylaled aromatrcs. sulfuric acid 96% Chemical F 145. 14 xx 0.21 0.122 0.048
at 145.170 F, and 63% at 195.222 f 222
sullonated alkylated aromatrcs. sulfurrc acrd 98% Chemrcal f 145. 14 xx 0.0017 0.0013 0.0013 0.001
at 145-170 f, and 63% at 195.222 F (vapors) 222
sullonated waxes. sodrum chloride, water solutton, Rayon F 132 162 xx O.OOOlcd 0.0001 .
pH 5-a O.OOOl’ad
unspecrfred green sulfan~ acrds. unspecrhed car. Petroleum f 150. 60 x x 0.045c 0.027~ 0.0027
boxylrc acrds, medwm vrscosrty lube or1 stock, in iao
sulfuric acrd 3% solutron, neutralrzed wrth sodium
hydroxrde to sodum hydroxtde <6% concentratron
lb&w steam cart, bottom of tank)
lrqurd sulfur. rron and alumrnrum chlorides 600 ppm Chemical F 275 a3 - XI 0 0037’cd 0.0024 0.0033 co.004
approxrmately. hydrochforrc acrd trace possible 0.0035cd
lfrlterl
ltqurd sulfur. small amounts of sulfurrc acrd and Mlnlng F 280 13 xx xx 0.015 0.018 0.017 0.015
won sulfate fair-sulfur interface1 0015’
lrquid sulfur. traces of morsture and hydrochloric Chemical F 302 105 - - 0.0048Cd 0.0033cd
acid
liqurd sulfur. arr. small amounts of water, pH Mrnrng F 305 11 xx xx 0.037 0.02la
1.5-3.5 Isulfur) 0.035’ 0.019bd
lrqurd sulfur. water saturated. pressure 25 psig Chemical F 248 a.5 - - o.oaac 0.05ac
lrqurd sulfur. morsture during 10 days, and water Mming F 330 61 xx xx 0.005’cd 0.0015bd
durmg 51 days fsulfur)
lrqurd sulfur, nitrogen 55%. water vapor 27%, car- Chemical F 290 135 - xx 0.0003cd 0.0001
bon droxide 9%, hydrogen sulfide 4%. sulfur di.
oxide 2% of gas (bottom of tower packmg support.
scrubbing of sulfur vapors)
sulfur. sulfurrc acrd. hydrogen sulhde, sulfur dr- Chemrcal F 73. ai XX 0.004a’cd O.OOlgbd
oxrde, sutfurous acrd trace, water vapor 284
TABLE 4.13: VARIOUS STAINLESS STEELS AND HIGH NICKEL ALLOYS-CLIMAX MOLYBDENUM kont’d)
Test
Corrosion mediums conditions Average corrosion rates (iPY)
sulfur, traces of moisture and hydrochloric acid Chemical 305 105 - - 0.004cd 0.0023cd
Ivapors)
6% sulfur, m acrd gates. nitrogen 55%. water Chemical 500. 163 0.0002 0.0901
vapor 16%, carbon dioxide 15%, hydrogen sulfide 600
6%. sulfur dioxide 3%
3% sullur vapors, in acid gases, mtrogen 55%. Chemical F a00 135 - xx 0.002 0.002
water vapor 27%. carbon droxide 9%, hydrogen
sulfide 4%. sulfur dioxide 2% [bottom of catalyst
support grad in converter)
2.5% sulfur vapors. in acid gases, nitrogen 59%. Chemical F 500 276 <0.0001 0.0001
water vapor 22%, carbon dioxide 15%. hydrogen
sulfide 1%. sulfur dioxide 0.5%
sulfur vapors m steam fvulcanization autoclave, Rubber 290 4.5 <O.OOOl <0.0001
half Immersed in water) <O.OOOl’
sulfur compounds leached horn rubber, hot water Rubber 212 69 -- 1<0.0001 <0.0601
and steam or steam alone
sulfur compounds in reduced crude vapors. pressure Petroleum 750 369 - xx 0.0002 LO.0601
75.mm mercury (tar pocket, vacuum tower)
96.3%. carbon tetrachlorrde 0.13%, iron as ferrrc Chemical 280 133 xx 0.00078 0.0004
chlorrde 0 01% lreboder for bubble cap column) frecbfica-
IlOrd
96% approrinately (below bottom plate of bubble Chemical 257 133 - xx 0.00035 0.00035
cap column, vapors) frr;;ifica.
SULFUR DlOXlOL
17.13%. morsture. small amount of sulfur trioxide Pulp and 100 37 <O.OOOla <0.0901 <O.OOOl
bower) Paper 0.0003’a
10% approrimrtaly, saturated with water, recycle Sulfuric 85. 20 xx xx 0.0001’ 0.0001 0.0001 0.0001 <o 0901
hquor contains sulfurrc acid 0.3.0.75% (Peabody Acid 95
scrubber)
10% approxknately, saturated wth water, recycle Sulfuric 125. 20 xx XI 0.002a 0.052 0.006 0.003 0.002
hquor contains sulfuric acid 0.725% Acid 135 0.254a
167X, water 3090%. sulfur trioxide 57% Chemical 180. 4.5 xx 0.02 0.021 0.02
200 0.037 LO 041
TABLE 4.13: VARIOUS STAINLESS STEELSAND HIGH NICKEL ALLOYS-CLIMAX MOLYBDENUM (=nt’dI
Test
Corrosion mediums conditions Average corrosion rates (ipy)
5% rpproximatcl~.
air, moisture 6%. sulfur tri- 425 68 _. 0.002 0.002
oxide 1%
<5%. oxygen 15%. nitrogen remamder. dew pomt Mining f 200. 79 xx xx 0.0042b 0.0007
125f 500 0.0015’cd
42%. water-vapor s&waled gases Mining F 170. 160 x x <O.OOOl <0.0001 <O.OOOl <0.0001
550
2.1.5X. oxygen and nitrogen remJinder Ymiq F 300 103 xx II <O.OOOla <O.OOUcd
500 o.axl2r
sullur dioxide, sulfuric-Jcid mist. seknious acid, Wrl f 90 15 XI o.OfJscd 0.035cd 0.032bd
nitrgan oxides from decompositkm of sodium ni- 100
we, wetrr vepor. ~Jses of wryin composition
fCottnll exit pxsl
sulfur dioxide. sulfuric.rcid mist. selanious rid. Chemical f 90 a.8 II 0.15bd O.W?bd 0.009bd O.Olbd
nitrogen oxides from decomposition of sodium ni. 100
We. water vepor, 2lras of verging composition
(Coftnll exit gases.1
sulfur dffxide. moisture. urban diixide. lwtic acid. Corn F 200 271 - - 0.02lc 0.0002c
or#Jnic-acid vapors Products 400 10.0001c
frefiningl
sulfur diosidr. sulfur mist smell mounts of orygen. Mining F no- 2 x xx 0.094 0.051 0.047
ukr vepor Jnd sulfuric rid Kottrefl prrcipitalor) 450 0.035’
suffur dioside. sulfur flowers added to burnin coke, Brewing F M)- 277 xx xx O.WMd 0.0001
suffur trioside. urbo~ monoxide Jnd dioxide. uncer- (beer1 140 0.0003’d
lrfn concentrations. possibly sulfuric and sulfurous
ecids
~e,diixide. trioside. cJrbon dioxide (locomotive RJilroed F R.T. 365. xx xx o.mlJ O.ooolJ
620
O”l.mRlC AClD
(continued)
Ferrous Alloys 585
TABLE 4.13: VARIOUS STAINLESS STEELS AND HIGH NICKEL ALLOYS-CLIMAX MOLYBDENUM hmt’d)
Test
Corrosion mediums conditions Average corrosion rates (ipy)
l”,E rm ALLOY
304 316 3”;; “20” 125
S”l‘“rlF Xld
- . . . . .
00% Research 1 100 0.08 x - I 0.736 0.282 0.579
(continued)
586 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
TABLE 4.13: VARIOUS STAINLESS STEELS AND HIGH NICKEL ALLOYS-CLIMAX MOLYBDENUM (cont’d)
(continued)
Ferrous Alloys 587
TABLE 4.13: VARIOUS STAINLESS STEELS AND HIGH NICKEL ALLOYS-CLIMAX MOLYBDENUM (cont’d)
Test
Corrosion mediums conditions Average corrosion rates (ipy)
1% 176 nil
1% 8.P. 0 14
TABLE 4.13: VARIOUS STAINLESS STEELS AND HIGH NICKEL ALLOYS-CLIMAX MOLWDENUM bnt’d)
83.9% oleum 118%1. pyrrdrne 16 1% Chemrcal F 125. 6 - x 0.0013 0.0016 0.0014 c<0.0001
152
66% ohm (65%l, pyrrdme 33% (bottom 01 sul- Chemical F 329. 2 - x 0.123 0.07 co.053
lonatron kettle) 347 0.111’
oleum 140%). nrtrrc acrd 4% Chemical F 110 II0 - x 0.00018 O.OOCl 0ooo12
vapors over oleum (20%) and pyridine Chemical F 125. 6 x I 0.0001 O.Owl 0.wo1 C nil
152
9999%. ferrrc sulfate, ferric chloride, hydrochloric- Chemical F 75. 167 x xx O.ooO27 0.ooo15 omJ15
acid saturated (pipe) a2
99%. rodrum naphthanate Z-3.86 Petre F 2:; 90 - xx 0.0185d 0.0136 0.9959d O.WWd
chemical 0.017’cd
99.90% sulfuric-acid sludge, pressure 15-18 psi Petroleum F 160 25 - I corr* corr
Isettling drum)
930%. aluminium sulfate 3090%. hydrated alu- Chemical F 4 165 - 0.0909 0.0002 <0.9901 <0.0001
minum oxide (underside 01 tank cover, vapors and 270
splash)
99% acetic anhydride 9.1%. water remainder Petroleum F 65 42 - x <0.9001 <O.OWl c0.09011
105
99% acetic anhydride 9.1%. water remainder (va- Petroleum F 65. 42 - XI <0.0001 c<0.wo1
pars) 105
9920%. tallow fat Soap and F 150. 110 _. xx corr 0.072 0.012
Fatty Acid 2M)
78% hydrogen peroxrde 3.5%, VariOUs iron, man- 5oaP F 100. 8 xx xx 0.0947 0.0082 0.014 0.0022 0.005
ganese, chromium and nickel salts 130
69%. reclaimed sulfuric acid, sodium sulfate 49 Metal F 100 33 - 0.14 o.ooo5 O.WB
50 g/l, nickel 3-S (II. arsenic l-l.5 g/l. copper
trace
97X, propane, propylene partially combined with Chemical F 104 113 IX xx 0.075c 0.08c 0.0121 0.0059
the acid 167
61%. mmor hydrocarbon contaminants F 77. 113 II xx 0.015 0.0015 O.Wlb O.Wl4
122
63.41%, propylene F 2: 63 xx xx 0.01 0.099 0.099 0.033
99% sulfurrc-acrd emulsion, manganese dioxide pre- .Pharma. F 145 12 x xx 0.0094 0.0094
cioitated 40% ceutrcal
6920%. copper 45 g/l. nickel 20 g/l, arsenic Metal F B.P. 101 x xx 0.0002 0.0002 0.0002 O.oorll
11.7 111 lelectro-
rcliningt
(continued)
Ferrous Alloys 589
TABLE 4.13: VARIOUS STAINLESS STEELS AND HIGH NICKEL ALLOYS-CLIMAX MOLYBDENUM hxmt’d)
Test
Corrosion mediums conditions Average corrosion rates (ipy)
56% sulfurrc~actd sludge from light-oil washing, Coal By f 285 07 0.005 0.002 0.0903
coal tar, saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbons, product
sulfur trroxrde fumes. steam
56% sulfuric-acid sludge from light-oil washrng. Coal By f 255 2 0.2 0.06 0.011
coal tar. saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbons, product
sulfur trroxrde fumes, steam
56% sulfurrcacrd sludge from light-or1 washrng, Coal By- F 256. 77 0 006~ 0.003c 0.0013c
coal tar. saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbons, product 285
sulfur trroxide fumes, steam
56% sulfuric-acid sludge from Irght-oil washing, Coal By- F 256. 3 0.15 0.08 0.033
coal tar. saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbons, product 285
sulfur trroxide fumes, steam
505%. fats and orIs flop of tank) Soap and F 160. 40 0.0056 0.0047 0.0028 0.0027
Fatty Acid 200
35.6%. phosphorrc acrd 13.3%. aluminum and fer- Chemical F RT 7 0.0012 0.001 0.0034
rrc oxrdes 3.4%. hydrofluorrc acid 1.396, copper 0.0004
0.3%. rare-earth oxide 0.02%. thorrum oxide
0 01% (transport truck)
35.15% sulfurrc-acid sludge, tar, oil Petroleum F 120. 19 0.121 0.059c 0 045 co.017
200
35-15X sulfurrc.acrd sludge, large volumes of tar Petroleum F 120. 29 0.482 co.157 ,.
and or1 200
3920%. copper sulfate 0.5.3.5%. abrasrve anode Metal F 170. 0.131 0.096 0.072
mud from electrolytic copper-refmmg process 180
25%. phosphorrc acrd 15%. sodium sulfate 3%, Chemical F RT. corr corr coo1
hydrofluorrc acrd 0.3%. rare-earth fluorrdes 212
25.22%, sodrum drchromate 56% Arrcraft F 150. 0 021cr 0.01 I 0.013 0.005 0.009
160
24%. tdanrum droxrde as trtanrum sulfate 12%. Metal F 66. 0.03’ 0.0024
ferrous sulfate 9.6%. ldanrum 13) 2 g/l, specific 70
gravtty 1.485
22.16%, copper sulfate 3545 g/l. nickel sulfate 130. <0.0001 <0.0001 <O.OOOl <0.0001
20-30 g/l, chlorrdes as sodrum chloride 0.5 g/I 150 L<O.OCOl
20%. sodnon drchromate 4% (stripping tank) Metal F 150. 0.014 0.023 0.011 0.0064 0.019
(continued)
590 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
TABLE 4.13: VARIOUS STAINLESS STEELS AND HIGH NICKEL ALLOYS-CLIMAX MOLYBDENUM (amt’d)
Test
Corrosion mediums conditions Average corrosion rates (ipy)
2O%.lerrous and ferric won 2% tcontmuous plckler, Metal F 170. 8 xx x <0.0001 <O.OOOl
bottom of sump tank) Ipickling) 180
18.5%. chromic acid 3% (bottom of tank1 Metal F 180 86 - x 0.0091 0.016 0.02la 0.0081 0.0038
S0.03la so.04 SO.072
10.012 10.027a
18%. tron 1% approximately, “Rodme 67” mhlbltor Metal F 190. 19 - xx 0.0004 0.0003 0.0004 0.0006
added lcontmuous picklerl (pickling) 210 c0.0003
15.6.8.5X, selemous acid 40-100 g/l. some sele- Research 1 70. 0 0324~ 0.0004d C0.0003d nil d
mum suspens!on. small amounts of sulfurous actd 80
15%. anneal and spray pickle cycle (conveyor racks) Metal F R.1: 8 xx xx 0.012 0.007 0 005
1300 10.014
15.10% sulfuric-acid sludge. large amounts of Petroleum F 150. 22 - xx 0.095 0.072 0.077 CO.046
sludge 011 200 0 077’
13% manganese sullate, mangamc oude. water Chemical F 80. 30 x xx 0 034 0.031 0 03
210
10%. manganese dloxlde 9-10 g/l. some perman- Metal F 131. 76 - - 0.0045 0 0047 0.0053 0.005 0.004
ganic acid (plating) 208
10%. manganous actd 8%. slurry Chemical F 65. 3.8 - x <0.0001 <o 0001
(filtration1 70
lo%, manganese-dioxide sludge (electrolytic zinc Metal F 95. 60 - x 0.0078 0.0083 0.0087 0.0069 0.0051
cell) (plating) 122
10%. copper sulfate 2% (spray pickling machmel Metal F 90 7.3 xx xx <0.0001 <0.0001
(pIckhog) <O OOOl’a
10.5%. copper sulfate 0.25% Metal F IOO- 162 x xx <0.0001 <o 0001 0.0001
200 SNC SNG SNG
10.5%. sodum sulfate 25%, hydrogen sulbde trace Petroleum F IOO- 42 - x 0 053cd 0 025cd 0 004cd
140
10.5%. sodwm sullate 25%. hydrogen sulfide trace Petroleum F 100. 23 - x 0.062cd 0.018cd 0.0033cd
140
9%. water 85 5%. sodium sulfate 3%. hydrofluonc Chemical 62 - - 0.015 0 007 0.001
acid 1%. orthosdwc acid 1%. sodwm fluosdicate
05%
(continued)
Ferrous Alloys 591
TABLE 4.13: VARIOUS STAINLESS STEELS AND HIGH NICKEL ALLOYS-CLIMAX MOLYBDENUM (amt’d)
8-7.5%. alummum sulfate 3%. few sulfate IX, Chemrcal f 200 15 xx xx 0 025 0 006a
small amounts ot calcrum and magnewm sulfates 210
8.7%. sodrum nrlrate 0 8-O 3 oz.‘gal Metal f 155. 13 - xx 0.036d 0 0001 ‘111
lplcklmgl 165 0 053d 00031 0 0022
5.5%. roasterxrubber solutron, selenium as setew Chemrcat f 150. 30 x 0 08cd 0 025cd 0 02cd 0 002cd
ous acrd 83.7 g/l. tellurum as telluroos acid 160
0.8 g/l
5%. rodrum drchromate 1.11 lb/gal Metal F 70. 30 - - 0.0003d <O.OOOld c<o 0001
Ipickling) 85
5.4% sulfurrc-acrd solutron settled from the acid Chemical f 180. 6 xx - 0 00016a <O.OOOl
warhmg of oleic acid, during settling periods only 212
(bottom of lank1
4.1%. arnmonwrn sulfate 20.25%. sodium sulfate Chemical f 95. 970 x x 0.0001 0.0001 0.0001 0.0001
1015% 104 c0.0001
2.5%. copper sulfate O.l%, alcohols (tower) Chemrcal f 200. 11 0.0725. 0 02 00188
250
1.61.0.027%. chlorrdes as chlorme ion 0.001. Chemrcal f 120. 259 x xx <o.o001 <0.0001 <0.0001 <0.0001
0.015%. pH 1.1-8.1 180 0.0001 0.0002 0.0001 0.0001
<I%, ferrous and lerrrc sulfates. pH 1.8-4.5 Paint and f 430. 5 - x 0.0163 0.0427 0.0301 0.026
ipressure vessel, hquid interface) Varnish 470
tcrystalliza.
tion)
0.36%, some chlorides from acid brine mother Synthetic f 70. II x - 0.0088d <O.OOOld
liquor used to dilute concentrated sulfuric acid Robber 110 0.0040d
tbottom of tank)
(continued)
592 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
TABLE 4.13: VARIOUS STAINLESS STEELS AND HIGH NICKEL ALLOYS-CLIMAX MOLyBDENuM bnt’d)
Test
Corrosion mediums conditions Average corrosion rates (ipy)
0.20.02%. “Retrol” clay, amylene. phenol, traces Chemical F 125 52 - xx O.Olcdr 0.0055c 0.005c
of diamylene. amyl chloride, ferrrc and ferrous 305
chlorides (vapors1
0.1%. sulfur droxide 0.04X, varying amounts of Chemical f 164. 58 xx XX 0.0023~ <O.OOOld <O.OOOl <09001d
carbon, pff 2 iPeabody scrubber, bottom tray strip 177
per section)
0.050.01%. glycol 15%. water remainder (bottom Petro- F 210 57 - x <O.OOOlad <0.OOOlad <0.0001 0.0001 <O.OOOl
side of hydrator tankl chemical
0.050.03%. glycol 15%. water remainder ftop Petro- F 130. 57 - X <O.O001d <O.OOOld <O.oool 0.0003 <O.oool
dome of hydrator tank) chemical 150
sulfurrc acrd concentrated to very drlute. hydro- Sewage F 60. 35 x xx <0.0001 <O.OOOl O.CJxll
chlorrc acrd, caushc soda, morganic chlorides, mis- Itreatment) 1OC 0.0006 0.0003
cellaneous anthraquinone derivatives, various sot-
vents, pH l-12
sulfurrc acrd, phosphorrc acrd. hydrofluorrc acrd and Chemrcal F 225 30 xx XX 0.0016cd O.OOlad 0.0005d <O.OOOl 0.0001
fluosrlrcrc acrd mrrbrre, concentration 20% in water O.OOlcd
(scrubber)
sulfurrc acid, ammomum sulfate Chemrcal F 125. 77 - - <0.0001 0.0003 <O.OQOl c<0.0001
145 0.093 w<o.o061
sulfurrc acrd. ferrous sulfate, some sulfide ion, pH Metal F 162. 8 x X <O.OOOld <O.OQOld 0.0001 O.OOZad
1.5 (alternately immersed) IrefuungJ 178 c<0.0001
sulfuric and sulfurous acids, pH 2.5 approximately F 660. 8.2 xx xx 0.24 0.0012
lclay dust washer) 690 so 43 SO.OO25a
SO.001 la
sulfurrc acrd. sulfurous acrd. sulfur droxrde. hydro- Petroleum F 230 281 x <O.OOOlb <0.0001 <O.OOOl
carbon alkylate. pH of water 3 approxrmately (rerun
overhead column)
ddute sulfurrc acrd m plant process water, acetic Chemrcal F 60. 80 x <O.M)Ola <O.OOOl
acrd. sodrum hydroxrde. pH 3-14 fcollector sewer 150
sump)
dilute sulfurrc acrd. neglrgrble amounts of sulfomc Petroleum F 265 247 X <0.0001 <0.0001
and orgamc acrds (top of clay contact flash tower,
vapors)
drlute sulfurrc and acetic acrds mixture neutralized Plastrc F 60. 216 x <0.0001 <0.0001
wrth sodium hydroxide 50% (sump) 160
dilute sulfuric acid, waste acid sewer from steel Metal F 60 164 X <0.0001 <0.0001 <o 0001 <0.0001
prckling fpicklmg) 0.0001 0.0002
c<o 0001
drlute sulfurrc acid, sodium sulfate water solutron Chemrcal F SO- 6.8 - - 0.0001 0.0001 0 0001
lsulfonatorl 105 wo 002 WO.0025
drlute sulfurrc acrd. pH 2.3 (vapors from fat split- Soap F 70. 60 xx O.OOZ’ad O.OOla O.OOla
tmg tank1 220
(continued)
Ferrous Alloys 593
TABLE 4.13: VARIOUS STAINLESS STEELS AND HIGH NICKEL ALLOYS-CLIMAX MOLYBDENUM (co&d)
Test
Corrosion mediums conditions Average corrosion rates (ipy)
SULFUROUS ACID
sulfurous and sulfuric acrds. pH 2.5 approximately F 660. 8.3 x xx >l.O 0.0054
May dust washer) 690 S>l.O so.0059
sulfurous and sullur~c acids, ptl 2.5 approximately F 660. 8.1 x xx 0.27d 0.012d
(clay dust washer) 690 S0.43d so.011
2.05% approximately. sea water, sodium chloride Chemical F 55 30 xx xx O.OOlSad 0.00013d <O.OOOld C<O.O001d
1.7%
sullurous acrd and caustrc soda rn varymg concen- Power F 150 2.4 x xx 0.0001 <0.0001 0.0002 <0.0001
tratrons. water effluent 01 arc heater washmg, pH
1.1-12.6
tall-otl latty acrds lrom southern kralt-paper mdls Soap f 500. 195 - x co,, 0.014
Ihigh-vacuum lractronating still, bottMn of tower) 550
taILorI latty acrds lrom southern kralt-paper mills Soap F 470. 195 - x corr <O.OOOl
fhrgh-vacuum lractronating still. top 01 tower, vapors1 510
crude tall-or1 fatty acids from kralt-pulp manulac- Soap L 560. 3 - xx 0.048~ 0.001
tore. olerc. lmolerc and abretrc acids fhigh.vacuum 590
lractionatmg still)
talLoil fatty acrds Ireboiler) Chemrcal F 455. 50 - xx 0.0018 0.0001 0.0006 0 0007
lfractiona-. 473
tion)
tall 011 and Its glyceryl esters, tall-or1 amides, WI- Chemrcal F 300. 17.5 - xx 0.009 0.0014 CO.0006
furrzed tall 011 lbottorn of tank) 550
tall 011 and Its glyceryl esters, taILorI amrdes. sul- Chemrcal F 300. 17.5 - <O.OOOlad <O 0001 C<O.OOOl
furred tall oil ltop of tank, vapors) 550
successrve tall-orl esterrfrcatrons. amrdrzations. sol- Research L 300. 18 _. 0.009 0.0014 CO.0006
furuatrons 550
successwe taILorI esterrhcatrons. amidizations. sol- Research L 300. 18 0.0001 0.0001 c0.0001
luruatrons [vapors) 550
(continued)
594 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
TABLE 4.13: VARIOUS STAINLESS STEELS AND HIGH NICKEL ALLOYS-CLIMAX MOLYBDENUM hm’d)
Test
Corrosion mediums conditions Average corrosion rates (ipy)
tall-or1 methyl esters, rosr” acrds 46%. methyl OrIs and L 378 La - - <o 0001 <o 0001
oleate and lrnoleate 44%. sterols 10% Fats
fatty acrd, rodrne, rosrn tvaporsf Chemrcal F 250. 11 - xx 0.008 0 0034 00038
450 CO 0025
tanrung solutron. small amounts 01 lactrc. acetrc Leather F 80 II3 - xx 00001’ 0 0001
and organrc acrds. pH rnrtralfy 5.4, alter 8 days 4.2,
I
at end of l-day cycle 3 1
chrome-tannrng sofutron, concentrated basrc chro Tanning F 200 30 - x 0.185 0.089 CO.032
mrum sulfate
55% basrc chrommum-sullate solutron (bottom 01 Chemrcal F 200 20 - x COll co,, 0.026
tank)
50% basrc chromrnum-sullate solutron (bottom 01 Chemrcal F 130 38 - x 0.0001’ 0.0008 0 0009
tank)
chrome-tannrng solutrons sulfurrc acrd 16% at Leather F 70. 48 x k <0.0001 <0.0001 <0.0001 <0.0001
150F durmg 16 hours, sulfonated naphthalene, pH 212
18, at 212F durrng 25 hours; chromic sulfate, pH
2 8. at 7OF during 50 hours. sodrum brcarbonate
5%, at IOOF durrng 25 hours
vegetable tan Irquor, organrc acrds, tannrns Tannrng F 140. 180 xx <0.0001 co 0001
160
run-off lrquor on leather wrmger, tannrng lrquor Tannrng F 114. 21 xx x <0.0001 <o 0001
I 5%.sulfurrc acrd 0.013%. traces of sodrum car- 126
bonate and anrmal grease
vegetable tan Irquor. chestnut extract 40%. que- Leather F 110 53 x xx <o 0001 <o 0001
bracho extract 30%. brsulhted prevrously wdh so-
drum brsulfrte 3% and hemlock-bark lrquor 30%
coal tar, some chlorrdes Icolumnl Coal By F 350. 60 - x 0.065 0.023 0.012 oooa
product 420 SO.025
(distillation) LO.021
coal tar, some chlorrdes Icolumnl Coal Ey- F 350. 60 - x 0.056 0.016 0.0085 0.0063
product 420 so.022
fdrstillationl LO 0145
coal tar. some chlorrdes (column) Coal By F 350. 60 - x 0.025 0.009 0.0033 0.002
product 420 SO.008
tdrstrllationl LO.007
coal tar, some chlorrdes lcolumnl Coal By- F 350. 60 - x 0.023 0.012 0.006 0.002
product 420 so.01
fdrstillation) LO.01 (continued)
Ferrous Alloys 595
Icont’d)
TABLE 4.13: VARIOUS STAINLESS STEELS AND HIGH NICKEL ALLOYS-CLIMAX MOLYBDENUM
Test
Corrosion mediums conditions Average corrosion rates (ipy)
coal tar. waler washed la remove chlorrdes (top of Coal Byprod- F 390 66 - xx O.Olcd 0.0002bd
column) uct Itar frac-
tlonatlon)
coal tar, water washed to remove chlorrdes (top of Coal Byprod- F 390 59 - xx 0.002bd <OOOOtd
column1 uct Oar frac- 0.005cd
tlonatlon~
coal tar. water washed to remove chlorrdes kolumn) Coal Byprod- F 515 66 - xx nrl nil
uct (tar frac-
tlonatmn)
coal tar, water washed to remove chlorides Icolumn) Coal Byprod- F 515 59 - x 0 013c <0.0001
uct (tar frac-
tronatron)
coal tar, water washed to remove chforrdes (column) Coal Byprod- f 500. 59 ~ x <o 0001 <0.0001
uct itar frac- 600
tlonatlon~
coal tar. waler washed to remove chlorrdes (bottom Coal Byprod- F 640 59 - x <0.0001 <0.0001
of column) uct (tar frac.
tlonatlonl
coal tar kontmuous stdl, flash box, above hqurd Coal By F <650 360 - xx <O.OOOl’ <0.0001
level) product (tar w<0.0001
distdlation)
coal tar, chlorides 0 08% (top of still) Coal By F 390 81 - xx 0.035 0.012
product (tar WO.008
drstdlatmn)
coal tar. chlorides 0 08% (bottom of column) Coal By- F 640 81 - xx 0 00016 <0.0001
product ttar w<0.0001
drstillatmn)
coke-oven tar Ivapors. lrqurdl Coal By F 180. 305 - xx <o 0001 <o 0001
product (tar 700 0.0003 00003
drstdlatron)
coal-tar hydrocarbon mrxture wrth steam (column, Coal Byprod- F IOO- 48 0.0001 <o 0001 <o 0001 c<0.0001
vapors. Irquid) uct (tar frac- 145
tronation)
coal-tar 011. “Carbohc orI.“ tar acrds, tar bases, Coal Byprod- F 510 53 - xx 0.0002c 0.0002
naphthalene 40.50%. water l-3%, neutral 011s. uct (tar frac-
chlorrdes as ammonwn chlorrde 4.17 lb/ 1000 gal. tlonahon)
pfi of feed 6 (bottom of columnl
tar acids. tar bases, neutral coal-tar 011 constrtu- Chemrcal F 430. 13.3 - - 0.099c 0.052 0.02c
ents, ammonwn chloride, pH 5 approxrmately Idrstilfatiord 460 0.0095c
(vapors)
tar acrds. tar bases, neutral coal-tar orI constrtu- Coal By- F 430. 97 x xx 0.0089c 0 0024 0 0015 0001
ents, ammonium chlorrde, pH 6 approxrmately (top product 460 LO 007lc
of column, vapors) (distillation)
hrgh borlmg tar acid (top of heating bundle in still) Chemical F 356 188 - xx COU 0.0066 0 0002 0.0001
(distillation)
(continued)
596 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
TABLE 4.13: VARIOUS STAINLESS STEELS AND HIGH NICKEL ALLOYS-CLIMAX MOLYBDENUM (cont’d)
tar acrds, phenols, cresolr, xylenol. sullur corn Coal By- F 175. 547 - xx 0.0002 0.0002
pounds (vacuumstill. vapors outlet, liquid) product 375
(distillation)
tar acrds. sodium sulfate, sodium carbonate impuri- Chemical F 212. 38 x xx <0.0001 <0.0001 <0.0001
tres. ptl 6.8 (column) (drstillation) 392
tar acrds. benzorc sod. phosphoric acrd, sodium Chemical f 212. 11.5 x xx <o 0001 <0.0001
sulfate. pli 4.5 (top of still pot) (distillation) 392
tar acrds. benzoic acid, phosphoric acid, sodium Chemical F 212. 11.5 - xx 0.0002 <0.0001 0.0001
sullate impurities (bottom of still) tdistrllatronl 392
tar acrds. phenols, cresols, xylenols (vapors, some Coal Byprod- F 350. 140 - xx <0.0001 <0.0001
spray of hquid possible) uct tfrac- 380
tionatiord
tar acrds. phenol, cresol, xytenol (vapors1 Coal By F 320 21.4 - xx <o 0001 <o 0001
product
tdistdlatron)
coal tar, vacuum (top of fractionating column, Coal By F 175 25 - xx 0.0001 0.0001
vapors) product (tar
fractiona-
bon)
coal-tar vapors. phenol, naphlhalene, tar bases, cre- Coal By F 250. 128 - xx <0.0001 10 0001
sylrc acrds. some chlorrdes product 650
coal-tar vapors, phenol, naphthalene. tar bases, cre- Coal By F 190. 128 - xx <o 0001 <OOOOl
sylrc acrds. some chlorides ttop of column) product bar 375
distillatronl
coabtar vapors. light oil vapors. water Coal By F 230 24 - <0.0001 <o 0001
product
gases contarnrng constrtuents commonly found rn Metal F 100 196 xx xx <0.0001 <0.0001 <0.0001 <0.0001 <0.0001
coal-tar pitch, hydrofluorrc acrd, traces of sulfur (aluminum1
and carbon dioxide, air
gases containmg constituents commonly found in Metal F 100 196 xx xx O.OOOlcd <0.0001 <0.0001 <0.0001 <0.0001
coal-tar pitch, hydrofluorrc acid, traces of sulfur (aluminum) O.OOOJcd
and carbon droxide. air
commercrakgrade tartarrc acrd, decomposrtron prod- Chemical F 395 5 - xx 0.002 0.0045 00063
ucts, formrc and acetic acrds, etc
vapors over tartaric acid, decomposrtron products, Chemrcal F 395 5 - xx 0.003 0.0006 0.001
acetrc and lormrc acrds. etc
T”clRI”M
thorrum traces, solvent extractron lrom ionexchange Metal F 68. 21 - xx <0.0001 <O.OOOl <0.0001 <O.OOOl <0.0001
“barren” solutron: lerrous ion 2-20 g/l. sulfuric 86
acrd 2-3 g/I, ferric ran 1 g/l. nitrate ion 0.5 g/I,
chlorrde ion 0.2 g/l. ptl 1.7; solvent. amine 5%
rn kerosene. chlorine 2 g/l (extractor) (continued)
Ferrous Alloys 597
TABLE 4.13: VARIOUS STAINLESS STEELS AND HIGH NICKEL ALLOYS-CLIMAX MOLYBDENUM (-nt’d)
Test
Corrosion mediums conditions Average corrosion rates (ipy)
S .$
TIN CHLORIDE
Im chlorrde. sodrum chlorrde. zmc chlorrde. so? Chemrcal F 80. 16 0 067 0.013
pended sohds. petroleum solvent conlammg small 370
amounts of water lautoclave)
18% approrimately stannous tluoborate. free fluo- Metal F 125 365 0 0056 0.0009 0.0003d 0.0003
bow acid 200 g/l, gelatme 3 g/l. catechol 0.5 g/l. tplatmgl
a_naphtholO.5 g/l
11.7% stannous sulfate. sulfuric acrd 9.4%, cresol Metal L 140 2 0.0149 0.0002
sulfon~c acrd 3 9%
TOLWC ACID
72.5% mtolurc acrd, p-tolurc acrd 22.3%. o-tolurc Petrochemi. F RT- 77 <o 0001 <o 0001 <o 0001 <o 0001
acrd 2.6%. benzorc acid 2.6% cal 250
55%. phthalrde 12%. esters 12%. water lo%, Rayon F 330. 22 5 0 0002 0.0003
rylene 5%. phthalrc acrd and anhydrrde 5% 380
50%. phthalrde 15%. esters 15%. phthalrc acid f 350. 22 5 0 0003 0.0005
and anhydrrde 10%. xylene 10% 370
40%. xylene 20%. phthalrde 15%, esters 10X, F 290. 22 5 0.0005 0.0006
phthahc acid 4%, water remamder 320
40%. xylene 20%. phthalide 15%. esters lo%, F 340. 44 0.001 0.0006
phthalrc acid 4%. cobalt acetate 1%. water re- 350
mainder
30%. xylene 50%. phthahde 8%, water 5%. F 220 44 0.0005 0.0007
phthahc acrd 3%. phthalic anhydride 3%
tolurc acrd. benzarc acrd. acetaphenone, tolualde- Petrochemr- F 350. 34 0 029 0 0002 0 0013 0001
hyde. undetermmed orgamc materlals treborlq) cal 525 0 033’
Idlstrilalmnl
TURPEIITIRE
turpentme from kraft pulpmg. small amounts of Pulp and F 150. 97 0.0001 0.0001
hydrogen sulhde. methyl mercaptan. dimethyl sul- Paper 200
bde (decanter)
URANIUM CHLORlOE
12% approximately, water solution (half Immersed) BP. 6.8 10.58 0.43 0.97
(continued)
598 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
TABLE 4.13: VARIOUS STAINLESS STEELS AND HIGH NICKEL ALLOYS-CLIMAX MOLYBDENUM (=m’d)
Test
Corrosion mediums conditions Average corrosion rates (ipy)
0’ s
f f l”Pl ,“Pl TIPS ALLOY
2 i! 304 316 317 “20” 625
. . P-P--
uranwm ore, sollds 70%. free sulfuric acid 50.60 Mmng F 113. 60 xx xx 0.0019cd 0.0009d 0.0013d <0 OOOld
g/l. iron ton 5-6 g/l. uranwm oxide 1 g/l. chlo- 118 L0.002d
rate 0 3 g/I
pulped “ranwn ore. sollds 60%. sulfuric acid 28. Mmlg F 118 41 - x 0 0002’d 0.0001 0.0002d 0 0002 0.0001
55 g/l, ferric ton 5-10 g/l, some lerrous MI. sodwm
chlorate 0 I% approximately
pulped uranwm ore kdlcatel. sulfuric acid 5%. Mlnlng F 104. 42 xx xx 0.109c 0.066c 0 028 0.07
ferrous bon 6 g/l. ferric ton 0 5 g/l IOorr agItatorI II6
uranwm-ore pulp, sulfuric acid 4% M1nmg L 103. 23 x x 00001 <o 0001 co 0001
106 <00001’
uranum-ore pulp, sulfwc acid 2% Mmng L 103. 23 x x 0 0003 <o 0001 <:0.0001
106 <o 0001*
uranium-ore pulp. sullur~c acid 1% approximately L 103 12 x x ;0.0001 <o.ooot c.0 0001
106 < 00001~
uranwm-ore pulp, sulfuric acid 0.5% Mmg L 103. 23 x x (0 0001 <oOLlOt <o 0001
106 <0.0001’
uranwmore leach pulp. sohds 68% approximately, Mmlg F 75. 38 O.OOOl’d <0.0001 O.OOOld <0 OOOld
sulfur as sullate 10” 13.2 g/l. ferrous ion 6.6 g/l. 90
ferric IO” 2.7 g/l. fluoride ion 2.7 g/l. chloride ion
1.2 g/l, free sulfuric acid 0.1 g/I
uramum ore tgranlte rock), sodurn-carbonate pulp, Mming F 200. 44 xx xx 0.002’ <O.OLlOl
sohds 50%. sodwm sulfate 6%, sodium carbonate 215 O.OOlcd
5%, sodwm bicarbonate 1.596, pressure 85 psig
(half Immersed)
wanurn and other metal salts III suIturic-actd solu- Mming F 100. 100 xx xx 0.037 co 0005 0 0002
tlon. from leachmg of uramum ores. pH 0.4-I 160 0.067
uramum and other metal salts m sulluric-acid solu- Mmmg F R I: 100 x x <O.OOOl c<0.0001 <O.OOOl
tlon, from leaching of uranium ores, pH 0.9-1.4 100
80%, water solution. free nitric sod trace (bottom Mming F 160. 36 - x 0.0004ad o.wo5 0.0009 0.001
of tank) 215 o.cOo3 0.0004 0.0002
uranylmtrate ratlmate solutlon, nitric acid 30.40%. Mining f 175 92 - x 0.0011 0.0011 0.00095a 0.001 I
variable chlorides ~2000 ppm (concentrator col- 0 0016 0.0007 0.0006 0 0007
umn. vapors. Ilqudl
UREA
44%. ammoma 31%. water 17%. carbon dooxide Chemical F 90 42 x xx 0.0001 0.0002 <0.0001
8% 0.0002 0 0001 0.0002
43%. ammoma 32%. carbon dloxtde 7%. water Chemical F 90. 100 _ x <0.0001 <0.0001
remamder (heat-exchanger head) 250
(continued)
Ferrous Alloys 599
TABLE 4.13: VARIOUS STAINLESS STEELS AND HIGH NICKEL ALLOYS-CLIMAX MOLYBDENUM bnt’d)
Test
Corrosion mediums conditions Average corrosion rates (ipy)
3 $
2 rIPI T”Pl T”PI ALLOY
f2 ;
304 316 317 “20” 825
. . -----
Urea
28%. ammonia 32 2%. water 20.5%. carbon dl- Petrochemc f 355. 150 x <0.0001 <0.0001 <0.0001 <o.o001
oxide 19%. merts 0.3% cal 360 SC0 0001 s<o 0001
urea. ammonia carbamate. ammonia. carbon dwde Chemlcal F 300 300 - xx CDll CO,,
urea. ammon,a. carbon dloxlde. 011 (urea stwper Chemical F 250. 56 _ xx 0.028 0.027
reboderl 310
urea, llquld ammonia. carbon dloxlde. ammon~“m Chemical F 365. 125 x xx 0.0015 00011 0.0013 00011 0.001 I
carbonate 375 S>O.O68 0.0089
LO0016 so.0041
LO.0013
to 003
WNYL CHLORIDE
vmyl chloride, vmyt acetate, acetlc acid, hydrogen Chemical F RI. 3 xx 0.0004 0.0004 0.0006 0.0002 0.0001
peroxIde. hydrochlortc acid, pH 3 5.4 5 tpolymerizerl 150 0.0008 0.0009
so 0007
vmyl chloride, vmyl acetate, methyl acetate, dl- Chemical F 60. 226 x <0.0001 <0.0001 <0.0001
methyl acetal, au and moisture (vapors and resm 110
a!ternatelyl
wnyl chlortde. probably contammg unsettled drop- Chemical F 60. 135 _ - O.OOllcd <O.OOOld <O.OOO! <O.OOOl <0.0001
lets of a sodurn-metablsulhte solutlon c 15% and 80
4-85 average
vmyl chloride, probably contammg unsettled drop. Chemical F 60. 135 <o 0001 <0.0001 <o 0001 co 0001 <O.OOOl
lets of a sod~um~metab~sull~te solutlon < 15% and 80
4.8”, average
vmy:.chloride vapors and polyvmyl chloride en. Resin F 110. 67 <0.0001’ <0.0001
tramed m water vapor, pawbly traces of peroxIdes 150
and phosphates, vacuum
20% polyvmylxhlorlde solutlon, peroxldes. phos- Resm F 80. 117 xx xx <o 0001 ml
phates 0 05%. pH 4.6 150
bodet-feed water, oxygen 0.01 ml/l. pH 8.1 lecono- Pulp and F 188. 56 x xx <0.0001 <0.0001
mlzerl Paper 190
boder.feed water, sprayed mto deaerating heater. Power F 100. 244 x xx <0.0001’ <0.0001
carbon dloude 70 ppm, sulfuric acid 30 ppm. oxygen 220 <0 OOOldr S<O.OOOl
‘10 ppm w<o 0001
vented gases from steam deaeratmg heater. carbon Power F 210. 244 x xx <O.OOOld <o 0001
dloxlde ~400 ppm. oxygen (80 ppm, zeolite- 220 w<0.0001
softened water vapor. pH 4
brackish sea water, total sohds 1.8%. sulfur dioude Chemical F 60. 158 xx xx corr 0.0003cd O.OOOlad 0 0002d
l-2 5% lspeclmen removed and allowed to dry in 95
au durmg 10 seconds1
brackish water, salt 200-15000 ppm. pH 6-8 Icon- Petroleum F 90. 181 - <0.0001 <0.0001
denser box) ldistdlatlonl 115
brackish water. chlorides O-5000 ppm. sullur~c acid Power F 32. 400 x xx <:o 0001 <0.0001 <0.0001
icondenser water box1 85
(continued)
600 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
TABLE 4.13: VARIOUS STAINLESS STEELS AND HIGH NICKEL ALLOYS-CLIMAX MOLYBDENUM hmt’d)
Test
Corrosion mediums conditions Average corrosion rates (ipy)
r‘- 2‘
c; I 3
WATER. CmiDENSA*E
water condensed trom gas stream inItrogen 88%, Petroleum F 70 36 ‘c 0 0001 (0 0001 <,o 0001 <0.0001
carbon dwde 12% approxrmately), rron 40 ppm, 90
sulfuric and sulfurous actds IO ppm, nttrlc and
mtrous acids 3 ppm, pfi 6 approxrmately [alternately
Immersed1
New York Crty water sprayed Into atmosphere and Food f 45 16 xx xx <O.OOOl <o.Lloo1
then drawn through arr washer; wdter replaced 50
every 33 hours, pH inrtially 7. fmally 4.5-4.8 during
each replacement perrod frmmersed and in spray)
well water, chlorrdes 40 ppm. carbon droxrde 30 Petroleum F 71 63 - xx <o 0001 <o.ooo1
ppm. won 5 ppm. sulfur droxrde 2 ppm, total hard-
ness 200 ppm, pH 7 48 (pump discharge)
fresh+vater supply to pulp grmderr. pH 7.6 Pulp and F 95. 140 x <0.0001 <0.0001 c0.0001
Paper 99
well water, hydrogen sulfide 58 ppm approximately Synthetrc F 126 61 _ xx 0 0003ad <O.OOOlad
Resm
untreated water, salts as chlorides 300-4000 ppm. Petroleum F 212 164 xx <0.0001 <00001
pH 6 5-7.5
degassed drstrlted water, pH 6.5, presrure 1235 psi Research 1 572 30 - <O.OOOl <0.0001
(continued)
Ferrous Alloys 601
TABLE 4.13: VARIOUS STAINLESS STEELS AND HIGH NICKEL ALLOYS-CLIMAX MOLYBDENUM (amt’d)
Test
Corrosion mediums conditions Average corrosion rates (iPY)
dewwed water and steam, pH 9 fdeaeratrng teed. Power F 450 655 - xx LC.0 0001 L<O 0001
water heater)
Frood rnme water, pH 3 4, (water changed 3 trmes Mmmg L I lo- 14 xx - . 00001 nrl
durmg test) 120
mane water, total sohds 27.3 g/I total drssolved Mmmg L 86 9 - xx ~OOOOl <0.0001
solrds 26 6 g/l, chlorrdes 14 8 g/l. pti 6.8, specrftc L‘. 0.0001
gravity I
017
rnme water from sulfide ore, ferrous sulfate 2.567 Mmmg F 47 56 - - < 00001 <_0.0001
g/l. total sulfate ran 1.621 g/l. sulfurrc acrd 0 265
g/l. free sulfate ran 0 259 g/I
coal-mme water, sulfate Ion 513 ppm, ferric ran F 61 87 - - 00001 00001
0 4 ppm, pH 7 85 ‘. 0 0001’
mme water from sulfide ore, calcrum sulfate 1710 Mmmg f 47 61 - - 0.0171d <0.0001
ppm, magnesrum sulfate 663 ppm. ferrous sulfate 0 0108’d
603 ppm, acrdrty 150 ppm
rnme water from sulfide ore, ferrous sulfate 2835 Mmmg f 47 61 - xx 0.0095bd <O.OOOl
ppm. magnesrum sulfate 2410 ppm. calcium sulfate 0.0014d
1408 ppm. acidrty 82 ppm
mine water from sulfide ore. ferrous sulfate 1060 Mmmg F 47 60 - xx <0.0001 <0.0001
ppm, rnagneswn sulfate 1000 ppm. calcium sulfate
923 ppm. acidrty 7: ppm
mrne water from sulfide ore. calcium sulfate 1361. Mming F 47 60 - xx <O.OOOld <O.OOOl
ferrous sulfate 1310 ppm. magnesium sulfate 054 0 0006’d
ppm. acrdrty 52 ppm
rmne water from sulfide ore, calcium sulfate 923 Mining F 47 60 - xx 0 0003d <0.0001
ppm. calcium chloride 638 ppm, magnesium chloride 0 0002’d
239 ppm, ferrous sulfate 61 ppm. acrdtty 23.5 ppm
mme water, copper as sulfate 0.102%. available Mmmg F 60- 58 xx xx <o 0001 <0.0001
sulfurrc acrd as won sulfate 0 67% (water flows fcopper) 61
from launder mto sump. spools exposed to air dur-
mg 5.15 mmutes, m water dung 26.5 minutes1
mmeral sprmg water, sodrum chlorrde 11190 5 ppm, Sanrtary F 80. 47 - x <O.OOOla <o 0001
potassium chloride 2614.9 ppm sodwm sulfate 212 <O.OOOlb
2584 4 ppm. talcrum sulfate 1263.8 ppm, hydrogen
sulfide 2743 ppm. calcrum carbonate 273.2 ppm.
calctum brcarbonate 221 3 ppm, magneswm sulfate
113 2 ppm. alumma 101 pprn. ferrrc oxide 93 ppm,
carbon aSoxIde 41 8 ppm, acrd, speclfrc gravrty
10169
hot sulfur-spring water, total solrds 269 pprn. cal- Samtarv F 120 120 - xx <0.0001 <0.0001 nil
crum carbonate 124 ppm, sulfates 23 8 ppm. chlo-
rrdes 14 ppm, sulfides 12 ppm, pH 9.4 (Olymprc Na.
lional Park, Wash)
(continued)
602 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
TABLE 4.13: VARIOUS STAINLESS STEELS AND HIGH NICKEL ALLOYS-CLIMAX MOLYBDENUM bnt’d)
Arbuckle water, N. A. Hoffman “8” No. 6. Trapp Petroleum F 50. 90 <o OOOlc <0.0001
Freld Barton Countv. Kansas. total drssolved solids 70 0.0042~
33640 ppm. chlor& ion 20165 ppm, sodium ran
10930 ppm, talcrum ran 2091 ppm. bicarbonate ion
476 ppm. total alkalrnrty 390 ppm, sulfate ion 24.19
ppm. large amount of hydrogen sulfide, pH 695,
specrfrc grawty 1 0267
salt water from crude 011. pti 7 5 approxrmately (salt Petroleum F 170. 216 <O OOOla <o 0001
settler vessel1 200
orl-field brme. chloride ran 16950 ppm, chlorine Petroleum f 95 83 0 OOOld <o 0001
2 ppm
Ncches River water, chlorine 0.2%. chlorrdes 3030 Power F 8b 74 O.OC&d O.@lO2d 0.0002d O.LlOO2d
ppm. hardness 340 ppm. methyl-orange alkalinity 92 0.0003d <O.OOOld <O.OOOld <O.WOld
312 ppm. srlrca 50 ppm. pH 8.1 lcoolrng tower)
Neches River water, chlorme 0 2%. chlorides 3030 Power F 82. 74 OOOOld <O.OOOld <O.OOQl <O.OOOld
ppm. hardness 340 ppm. methyt.orange alkalinity 97
312 ppm. srtrca 50 ppm. pH 8.1 (cooling tower)
cooling water from Passau Rrver, chloride ion 834 Power F 65. 30 <O.OOOla <0.OaO1
ppm, calcium carbonate 328 ppm. sulfate ion 160 71
ppm. brcarbonate ran 46 ppm. sulfate/chtorrde ratio
0.19, drssolved oxygen trace, pH 8.5
rover water, chtorrdcs 1300 ppm. sulfates as sulfur Pulp and F 45. 148 0.0001 0.0001
75 ppm. sutfrdes as sulfur 20 ppm. pH 6.3 (travel. Paper 85
hng bark screen)
rwer water from let condenser IPotomac Pulp and F R.T. 224 ~O.Oooi’ <O.OOOl
Paper
Hudson Rwer water contammated with organic Gas f 100 60 <O.oOOl <O.OOOl
waste from Poughkeepsie Crty Manulacture
(continued)
Ferrous Alloys 603
TABLE 4.13: VARIOUS STAINLESS STEELS AND HIGH NICKEL ALLOYS-CLIMAX MOLYBDENUM (amt’d)
Test
Corrosion mediums conditions Average corrosion rates (ipy)
sea waler al Curacao, Netherlands West Indies. Petroleum f 79. 122 xx xx 00001 <o 0001
chlortdes 20000 ppm, pH 6 6 tpressure end of pump 88
casmgi
sea water al Curacao. Netherlands West IndIes, Petroleum F 79. 44 xx xx 0 OOOlad 0 OOOlad
chlorides 20000 ppm ptf 6 6 lsuctlon end of pump 88
casmgi
sea water at Curacao. Netherlands West IndIes. Petroleum F 79. I2 xx xx 0 0005ad 0 0004ad
chlorides 20000 ppm. ptf 6 6 ipressure end of Pump 88
CaslllgJ
sea water at Kure Beach, N C [half-tide) Research F RT. 359 xx xx <o 0001’ <o 0001
sea water at Kure Beach, N. C. (half-tide in basin) Research F RT. 193 xx xx <o 0001 IllI
sea water at Duxbury, Mass. Research F R.T. I60 0.0001 0 0001 0.0001
0.0001*
6.5 86 concentrated seawater brme, pH 28. spe- Food F 68 I05 x xx 0 003c 0 0009c 0 0004cd 0 0006cd
clflc gravity I 0469 (evaporation pond)
Los Angeles Harbor West Basm sea water, total Petroleum F 120. 350 - x 0 0005cr 0 OOOla
sohds m suspension 2.5%. organic matter m solo- 140
tmn 2 0%. chloride ton 18800 ppm. sodturn loo
10478 ppm. sulfbte loo 2724 ppm. magnewm 40”
1245 ppm. calcwm aon 451 ppm, potassium non 374
ppm. bicarbonate ton 165 ppm. bromme loo 12 ppm,
SIIICP 6 ppm, phosphate ton 5 ppm. borate loo 0 3
ppm. won loo 0 2 ppm, pH 7.5 (18 m. below water
level1
heated sea water, oxygen I5 ppm. pH 6.2 Chemical L 290 XI xx 00124 00131
heated sea water, oxygen trace, pH 6.7 Chemical L 180 x xx 0.0091 0.0007
sea water, salt 6.07%, pH 8.1 lflrst.stage evapora- L 187 6.2 x 0.00013 0.0001 I 0.0001
tor)
sea water, salt 6 07%, pH 8.1 (second-stage evapo- L 174 6.2 x 0.00018 0.00031 <0.0001
rator) <0.0001 0 0001
sea water, salt 6 07%. pH 8.1 lthird.stage evapo- L 174 6.2 x _. <o 0001 0.00021 <0.0001
rator)
(continued)
604 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
TABLE 4.13: VARIOUS STAINLESS STEELS AND HIGH NICKEL ALLOYS-CLIMAX MOLYBDENUM hont’d)
sea water, salt 5 95.6 13%. magneswm hydroxide, 1 250 66.5 <O.OOOla <O.OOOlar <o 0001
pH 8 8 levaporator)
sea water. salt 5 95.6 13%, magnewm hydroxide. L 250 66.5 0.0005c 0.0003at <o 0001
pH 8 8 (evaporator, vapors1
sea-water brme. salt 13.1 4%, carbon dmxide Marme F 267. 42 - xx 00003 0 0002
I ppm. pti 8 1
(first effect, bottom of unit) Idlstdtatlon) 270
sea water brme, salt 1.8.2.0%, pH 8 2 (second Marme F 253. 42 - xx 0.0002 0 0001
effect, bottom of unit) tdlstdlatlon) 256
sea-water bIttern. “Pachuca” slurry, sodwm chloride Chemical F 127 107 xx xx 0.0001’ 0.0001
100 g/l, magneswm chlonde 75 g/l. calcium sulfate
50 g/l, talcum chloride 25 g/l. pH 6.7.5 lspeclmens
covered wth crystals)
sea-water blttern, sodum chloride 100 g/I. mag- Chemical F 95. 84 xx - 0.0004’bd 0.0003ad
neswm chloride 73 g/l, talcum chloride 25 g/l. I26
calcium sulfate 2 5 g/l lheatmg tank)
hot sea water, carbon dloxlde I ppm. pH 6 2 lvapors Marme F 267. 42 - xx 0.0004a 0.0002
mIxtureI 270
hot sea water, carbon dioxide I ppm, pH 6.3-6.7 Marme F 253. 4.2 - xx 0 0004 <0.0001
(vapors mIxtureI 256
decatmrwed water ltop of catlon exchanger, above Water F 65 210 - xx <00001’ <00001
mmeral bedl Treatment
demmeralued water. effluent from amon and catwn Water F 65 210 - xx <0.0001’ <0.0001
exchangers Treatment
zeohte softenmg of well water at SIOUX Falls, S. 0, Water F 50. 365 xx <0.0001’ <0.0001
total hardness 23 2 g/gal, calcium hardness 16 3 Treatment 60
g/gal. methyl-orange alkalmlty II 6 g/gal. ma&
newm hardness 6.9 einal. “I.
chlorides 1.6 n/eal. __.
sulfates I.1 g/gal tall these expressed as calcwm
carbonatel. sdIca 20 ppm. iron 0 4 ppm. pH 8.1
zeollte softenmg of wer water at Casper. Wyo, Water F 50. 365 xx <0.0001’ <0.0001
sulfates 40 g/gal. compensated hardness 29.1 g/gal, Treatment 60
total hardness 264 g/gal, calcwm hardness 21 E
gigal, methyl.orange alkalmlty 96 g/gal, mag-
newm hardness 4 g g/gal, chlorides 2 8 g/gal lall
these expressed as talcum carbonate), silica 15
ppm, won 0 I ppm, pH 7.6
WATER. STEEP
10-4” Be steep water, pH 4 (evaporator) Corn F 150. 242 - xx 0 0005 <0.0001 . .O.OOOl
Products 190 <. 0.0001
corn steep actid. acldlty at end of steeping cycle as corn F 127 44 xx xx <O.GQOld <o.ooLN <0.0001
hvdtochlow acid 0.56%. sulfur dioxide initiallv Products wo.OQa3 WO.0006
OTl4%. fmally 0.018%. pti 4 average fin liquor jui
above corn level)
(continued)
Ferrous Alloys 605
TABLE 4.13: VARIOUS STAINLESS STEELS AND HIGH NICKEL ALLOYS-CLIMAX MOLYBDENUM (amt’d)
Test
Corrosion mediums conditions Average corrosion rates (ipy)
corn steep acid. acldlty at end of steepmg cycle as Corn F 130 31 <o 0001 <0.0001 <o 0001
hydrochlonc acid 0 56%, sulfur dioxide ntially Products wo 0013c wo.0012
0 12%. imally 0 012%. pH 4 1 average (below corn
level)
corn steep acid, acldlty at end of steepmg cycle as corn f 130 39 <o 0001 <0.0001 <0.0001
hydrochtorlc actd 0 5296. sulfur dioxide mltially Products wo.ooo7c wo.001
0.1 I%, fmally 0.011%. pti 3 8 average (below corn wo 0022c w0.0014
level)
steep water from corn starch (evaporator) Corn F 126. 80 <O.OOOld <0.0001
Products 130 0011 0.0019
steep water. lack acid 051%. sullur dloxlde Food F 150 40 <0.0001 <0.0001
0.05%. PM 3.54 5 (alternately vapors. lIquidI
vapors above steep water, lactic acid 0.5.1%. sulfur food F 130 24 <0.0001 <0.0001
dlonde 0.05%. pH 3.5-4.5 (evaporator1 190
WATER. TAP
tap water saturated wth carbon dloxlde contammg Power F 4w- 32 0 006 0.0016 0 0018 0 0042
sullur dloude 0 008% average and traces of dis- 425 0.0055’
solved a~. pressure
water saturated wth synthesis gas. hydrogen 38%. Chemical F 150 30 0.0001 0 0002
carbon monoxide 32%. carbon dionde 8%. oxygen 0.0003
0 2%. nitrogen remamder, sulfur as hydrogen sul-
hde and organic sulfurs 300-500 grains/w 11
chlorinated lresh water, ptl 1, raw water composl- Food F 70. 32 c.0 0001 <o 0001 <o 0001 <0.0001
tlon methyl orange alkalmlty as caluum carbonate (fruItI 90
212 ppm, total hardness as calcium carbonate 200
ppm, sulfate IO” 32 ppm. chloride loo 24 ppm
chlorinated fresh water buffered wth sodwm hy food f 70. 31 <o 0001 <o 0001 <o 0001 <o 0001
droxlde to pH 8. raw water cornposItIon, methyl- tfrult) 90
orange alkahmty as talcum carbonate 212 ppm,
total hardness as calcium carbonate 200 ppm. sul-
fate bon 32 ppm. chloride ion 24 ppm Iwasher. m
spray1
chlormated lresh water acldlbed wth hydrochloric Food F 70. 32 <0.0001 <0.0001 <0.0001 <O.OOOl
acid to ptt 6 9, raw water composltlon methyl- tfrult) 90
orange alkalmtty as calcwm carbonate 212 ppm,
total hardness as calcium carbonate 200 ppm. sol-
late ton 32 ppm, chloride loo 24 ppm (washer, in
spray)
water. small amounts of hydrochtorlc acid and chlo- Chemical F 195 61 0.0005’bd O.OOOZbd
we, pH 2 lbottom 01 condenser)
tower water from Syracuse water supply, treated Pharmaceu f 45. 227 <0.0001 <o 0001
wth alglclde. “Oaklte Samtlzer No 1,” pH 8-8 5 tlcal 88 <0.0001’
(tower slwe-way1
quench water, total sohds 0 64%. msoluble sollds Coal f 11.2 0 002lc 0.0003 0 0004 0.0002
0 25%. ammonium chloride 0.1%. volatdes 0 09e%. 0.004c 0.0002 0.0003
calck chloride 0 066%. calcwm sulfate 0.062%. 0.0005
pH 6 5 (coke quenchmg tower, below spray header)
(continued)
606 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
TABLE 4.13: VARIOUS STAINLESS STEELS AND HIGH NICKEL ALLOYS-CLIMAX MOLYBDENUM (mnt’d)
Test
Co rosion mediums conditions Average corrosion rates (ipy)
quench waler. total solids 0 64%. msoluble sollds Coal F 11.2 0 0013c 0.0002 0.0002 0 0001
0 25%. ammonium chloride 0.1%. volatdes 0.098%, 0.0093c 0.0003 0 0004 0.0003
calcwm chloride 0 066%. calcium sullate 0 062%, 0 02lc 0 0002
“Nalco No 161” mhlbltor added to coke sump feed- 0 0084~
mg at rate 01 50 ppmlgal water returned to sump
(coke quenchmg tower, below spray header1
waste-water effluent. hydrochloric acid, sulfuric Chemical F R.T. 68 <0.0001 c<0.0001 <o 0001
acid. soda ash, caustic soda, chlormated solvents,
organics, zmc sulfate. pH 2.10, generally acid (sump
pipe Imel
waste water from fme-chemicals manufacture, hy- Chemical F 80. 30 <0.0001 <o 0001
drochforlc aud. sulfuric acid, or~an~cs. pH 6 5 100
waste water from fme.chemlcals manufacture. Chemical f 55. 42 <o 0001 <o 0001
acetlc acid. halogen suds, sullur~c acid, salts of 70
these acids, traces of organic solvents and greases,
pH Z-7.5, 6 5 average
waste-process water. sodium sulfate, sodium chlo- Chemical F 90. 63 <0.0001 <o 0001 <o 0001 <o 0001
ride, sodium phosphate, ammonium sulfate, calcium 118
sulfate. magnesvxn sulfate, pH 3.5-5 (vacuum evapo-
rator. vapors)
water. various orgamc esters and aclds, hydro- Chemical F 86. 147 0 0116 0.0111
chlorlc acid trace, pH 2 Icooler) 99
ammonwstdl waste water, for spray quenchmg of Coal F RT- I80 0 003c 0 0004c
coke flower, just above spray pIpIngI 212
wash water. dissolved acid gases and oxygen, re- Petroleum F IOO- 278 LO 0003a LO.OOOZa 0.0002a
generatmn gas, carbon dloxlde, sullur dioxide, 500 WLO 0003a WL0.0003a
chlorides
wash water, dissolved acid gases and oxygen, car- Petroleum f 125 211
bon dwnde. sulfur dwxlde trace, chtorldes trace.
pressure 300 psb (bottom of tower1
WAX
wax, sulfuric acid 5% approximately. pressure 15. Petroleum F 160. 25 0.02’ 0.014
I8 psi 190
castor wax, sodium hydroxide SO%, sulfuric acid Chemical F 180. 0.0008 <0.0001
25% 212 <0.0001
castor wax. sodwm hydroxide 50%. sulfuric acid Chemical F 180. o.ooo9
25% 212
thm stillage. sohds 4.5%. acetic acid, lactic acid, Brewing F 140. <o.o001
succimc aud. pH 3 8 fwhiskyl 185
TABLE 4.13: VARIOUS STAINLESS STEELS AND HIGH NICKEL ALLOYS-CLIMAX MOLYBDENUM (amt’d)
Test
Corrosion mediums conditions Average corrosion rates lipy)
lactic acid, water, gram. Impurltles. total sohds Brewing f 60. 146 - xx <0.0001 <0.0001
14%. pti 3 1 average 160
mixture 01 dlstdlers drmd grams and evaporator Brewing f 175 146 - - <0.0001 <0.0001
syrup, sohds 40% 130% I” syrup) 212
vapors ol alcohol, orgamc acids. water, pli 5 Brewmg f 208 87 xx -- <o 0001 <0.0001
td~stdlat~on)
vapors from drymg solld syrup 30%. moisture. a~. Brewmg f 140. 151 x - O.OOOkd <O.OOOlcd
traces of lack acetic, formic, prop~omc acids Ide. 180 <0.0001
hydrator)
vapors from evaporators to condensers. moisture. BleWlog f 120. 146 - - <o 0001 <0.0001
traces of lactic, formtc. prop~orw acids (vapor Ime, 200
evaporator]
XILENE
lwd xylene. small amounts of water, acetlc acid. Lumber f loo- 150 x xx <o 0001
ph 3 appraxlmately 212
mixed condensate of xylene and water, small amount Lumber f 70. 150 x IX <0.0001 <O.OOOl
of acetlc acid. pH of aqueous phase 3 approximately MO
15%. acetlc acid 2%. formic acid 2%, water and RayOn f 60 22.5 <0.0001 0.001
tolulc acid remamder
75%. acetlc acad, toluic acid, formic acad. formal- Rayllll F 350. 22.5 0.0016 0.0014
dehyde together 25% 370
50%. water 22%. tolulc acid 15%. phthallde 5%. Rayon f ZOO- 225. 0.0004 0 0002
ester 5%. phthahc acid 4% 220
xylene. malelc acid I% as matelc anhydrtde, ben- Chemical F 194. 14 x - 0 104c 00031 0.0008 0 0074 0.0043
zene, water trace Icotumnl tdistdlation) 302
xylene toppmg of reactor ettluent (effluent IS row Chemical f 325. a.7 0.148 0.00024 0.00043 00003
lure 01 wter. acetic acid. benzolc acid. tolulc acad. td~stdlatmn) 350
tolualdehyde. acetophenone. hydrocarbons). vacuum
25 m. (column, vapors)
33%. ammomum chlorwk 33%. water remainder Chemical i1 140 33 - - 0.0013cd <O.OOOlcd
TABLE 4.13: VARIOUS STAINLESS STEELS AND HIGH NICKEL ALLOYS-CLIMAX MOLYBDENUM (cont’db
Test
Corrosion mediums conditions Average corrosion rates (ipy)
zinc and leadchloride fumes. oil combustion gases Pamt and F 210 4.5 *I 0.027a 0.013a
(dust collector1 Varnish 0.027.a
7JNC FL”OSILICA,E
zinc fluosrlrcate concentrated solution, free Ruo- F lW- 22.4 x xx 0.009c co.012c
sdwc acrd l%, hydrochloric acid 0.5-l% 116 0.01 lc
zinc fluosdicate, varying concentration, hydrochloric Chemrcal F 106 33 - xx 0.0011 0.001 0.0915
acrdO050.1%
zinc formaldehyde sulfoxylate, zinc dust, sulfuric Textrle F 115 25 - xx 0.002 0.0904
acid l-15%
44% approximately, saturated zmc-sulfate solutron. Chemrcal F 212. 35 - xx corr* 0.026a 0.006
CryStalS. sulfurrc acrd trace 225
36.5%. sullurrc acrd 66’ Be Ievaporator) Chemical F 220 0.01 0 0045 0.0046
36%. iron, sodrum. cadmium, and copper impurrties. Chemical F 0.0097’c <O.OOOl <0.@301 C<O.OOCl
pH 5.2 (flash evaporator)
25% acrd zinc-sulfate solution, sulfuric acid 2-3 Mining F 90. 85 - - <0.0001’ <0.0001 <0.0601
g/l. copper 2 g/l. ferrous ion 0.8 g/l 102 c<0.0001
25% neutral zmcsullate solution. copper 0.4 g/l Mining F 90. 72 - - <06001’d <0.0001 <O.OoOl
103 c<0.0001
20%. zmc chlorrde 8.8%. ferrous sulfate 1%. water Chemical F 61: 8.3 - - 0.008lcd 0.0047cd
232 0.008l’cd
20% approsnnatcly. zmc chtorrde 9% approxi- Chemical F 219. 7.5 - *I 0.0026’cd 0.0015bd
mately. water 232 0.0026cd
slrghtly acrd zuwsutfate solutron, copper Metal F 90- 317 <O.OOOl <O.OOOl
102
rmc sulfate, zmc chlorrde. ferrous sulfate, ferric Chemical F R.T.- 83 xx xx 0.014cd 0.0033cd
sulfate, ferrrc chlorrde. chtorrde. water, in varying 230
concentratrons (chlorinator)
zmc-sulfate solution, copper 10 mglt. iron hydrox- Mming F 113 48 xx x O.ooOl 0.0001
rde. zmc ferrrte. lead sulfate, solids grab samples
showed pti 4 8 (Kelly filter)
Z,RCON,“U TETRACHLORtDE
atmospherrc fumes of ruconurm tetrachlorrde. hy- Chemical f 60. 60 xx - 0.0011 O.OOla 0.002
drogen chlorrde. and chlorme gas 110
Nonferrous Metals and Alloys
609
610 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
ALLYL ISOTHIOCYANATE. CH,:CHCH,NCS. per industry. Alloy 356.0 valves have been used for dicated that alloy 3003 was resistant to 1%. 5% and
Aluminum alloy columns and condensers have been handling aluminum sulfate solutions. See also Ref: 50% aqueous solutions of ammonium carbonate.
used lo the production of all)1 isothiocyanate. See (1) p. 125, (2) p. 42. (3) p. 77, (7) p. Il. Aluminum alloy storage tanks and piping have been
also Ref: (3) p. 138. used for handling ammonium carbonate. See also
ALUMINUM TABTRATE. AIJ(CIHIO,),. Labo- Ref: (I) p. 125, (3) p. 67. (7) p. 15.
ALUMINA. AI?O,. Alumina has been stored in ratory tests indicated that alloys 3003 and 5154 were
aluminum alloy containers and shipped in alumi- resistant to solid aluminum tartrate under condi- AMMONIUM CHLORIDE. NH,CI. In laboratory
num alloy railroad cars. See also Ref: (3) p, 77. (4) tions of 100% relative humidity at ambient temper- tests at ambient temperature, aqueous solutions (up
p. 5. ature. to 20%) of ammonium chloride caused mild attack
( - 3 mpy) on 1100 alloy with localized pitting occur-
ALUMINUM ACETATE. AI,C~H,OzlI. In limited 2-AMINOETHANOL. NHzCHICHzOH. See mo- ring at all concentrations. Solid ammonium chlo-
laboratory tests. aqueous solutions of aluminum ac- noethanolamine. See also Ref: (3) p. 145. ride resulted in moderate attack ( - 6 mpy) on alloy
etate (0.2Svn to 25%) cauwd mild attack ( - 3 mpy) 3003 in other laboratory tests under conditions of
of alloy 3003 at ambient temperature. ,Aluminum AMINOETIIYLETHANOLAMINE. 100% relative humidity at ambient temperature.
alloy equipment has been used in the manufacture NH,CH,CH~NHCH,CH,OH. In laboratory tests, Concentrated solutions of ammonium chloride at
of aluminum acetate. See also Ref: (I) p, 124, (3) p. 3003 alloy was resistant to aminoethylethanolamine the boiling point are very corrosive. See also Ref: (I)
78. 15) p. IO. (‘) p. 9. at temperatures from ambient to 204OC (40f~“F). In p. 125. (2) p. 50. (3) p. 62. (7) p. 15.
other laboratory tests under refluxing conditions,
ALUMINUM AMMONIUM SULFATE. aminoethylethanolamine was very corrosive to alloy AMMONIUM DICHROMATE. (NH,)&r?O-. Al-
AINH,,SO,):. I2 H!O. Laboratory tests \howed that 3003. Aluminum alloy tanks have been used to store loy 3003 was resistanr to solid ammonium dichro-
dlloys 3003 md 5154 were re*i(tdnt to solId alumi- aminoethylethanolamine. See also Ref: (7) pp. 12, mate in laboratory tests under conditions of 100%
num an?nwnlum \ulfare under conditions of 100% 13. relative humidity at ambient temperature. Similar
relat~w humidity at amtvent temperature. results were obtained in other laboratory tests in-
AMMONIA. NH,. (See also ammonium hydrox- volving aqueous solutions (up to IO%) of ammo-
ALUMINUM BORATE. 2 AI>O,.B,OJ.~ HKJ. ide) In laboratory tests. 1100, 3003 and other cop- nium dichromate at ambient :empcrature. See alto
Laboratory tests showed that alloys 3003 and 5154 per free aluminum alloys have been found to be re- Ref: (I) p. 125. (3) p. ‘0. (71 p. 17.
were resistant to solid aluminum borate under con- sistant to dry, gaseous ammonia even at elevated
ditions of 100% relative humidity at ambient tem- temperatures. Alloys 1100 and 3003 were also resist- AMMONIUM FLUORIDE. NH,F. In laboratory
perature. ant to pure anhydrous liquid ammonia but contami- tests, solid ammonium fluoride caused mild attack
nants can result in pitting of the metal. In dilute (-3 mpg) of alloy 3003 under conditions of 100%
ALUMINUM CHLORIDE. AICI,. Anhydrous alu- ammonia solutions (up to - 10%) the initial rate of relative humidity at ambient temperature. In other
minum chloride has been stored and transported in attack is controlled by diffusion of OH- ions to the laboratory tests. 50’5 solutions of ammonium fluo-
aluminum alloy containers. Moist aluminum chlo- aluminum surface and is a function of pH. Passiva-
ride and aluminum chloride solutions are vety COP ride uere very corrwi\e co alloy 3003 dt 93°C
tion of the aluminum surface occurs when a critical (ZOO’F), but at ambient temperature. II00 alloy
rosive to aluminum alloys. The severity of attack de- amount of corrosion product builds up at the alumi- was resistant to solutions of 10% to 25%. See also
pends upon the quantity of free hydrochloric acid num surface forming a protective film. If solution Ref: (I) p. 125. (3) p. 63. (7) p. 17.
produced by hydrolysis and on the temperature. See saturation of soluble corrosion product is relieved
also Ref: (I) p. 125. (2) p. 37. (3) p. 77. (7) p. 11. before passivation. film formation may not occur. A AMMONIUM HYDROXIDE. NH,OH. In labora-
careful analysis of exposure conditions is required in tory tests, ammonium hydroxide solutions have a
ALUMINUM FLUORIDE. AIF,. Laboratory tests using aluminum alloys in dilute ammonia. Alumi- rapid initial reaction on aluminum alloys which de-
showed that alloys 3003 and 5154 were reSiStant to
num alloys have been used in refrigeration systems creased dramatically as concentration and pH in-
solid aluminum fluoride under conditions of 100% handling liquid ammonia containing up to 5% wa- crease. The rate of attack of dilute ammonium hy
relative humidity at ambient temperature. Alumi- ter and in producing synthetic ammonia. Alumi- droxide solutions was moderate ( - 6 mpy) for 1100
num fluoride solutions are corrosive to aluminum. num alloy compressors. heat exchangers. evapora- alloy but decreased to less than 1 mpy when the con-
See also~Ref: (3) p. 77, (7) p. 1 I. tors. condensers. and piping have been used in centration reached 10 N. Similarly, the rate was
producing ammonia. Aluminum alloy pressure ves- mild (- 2 mpy) as the pH of the solutions reached
ALUMINUM FORMATE. AI(HC02),. Labora- sels have been used for storing and tranrponing am- 13. These decreases have been attributed to film for-
tory tests indicated that 1% and IO% solutions of monia. Carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide have mation on aluminum alloys which has been pro-
aluminum formate caused highly localized attack of been used to inhibit corrosion under condensing moted by pre-saturation of the solution with alumi-
alloy 1100 at ambient temperature. However, alu- conditions. See Ref: (1) p. 125. (2) p. 46, (3) pp. 43, num. It has also been retarded or prevented by the
minum equipment has been used successfully in the S8. 61. 223, (7) p. 14. presence of precipitation resulting from over satura-
production of aluminum formate. See also Ref: (I)
tion. Alumin~lm alloys have been used in processing
p. 125, (3) p. 78. AMMONIUM ACETATE. CH,COONH,. Solid equipment. including pressure vessels, piping. stor-
ammonium acetate caused mild attack ( - 3 mpy) of age tanks and tank cars. See also Ref: (I) p. 125. (3)
ALUMINUM NITRATE. AI(N0,),.9 H*O. Solid alloys 3003 and 5154 in laboratory tests conducted pp. 43, 58. 61. (4) pp. 34. 35. 36, 37. 69 (7) p. 17.
aluminum nitrate was corrosive (50 mpy) to 3003 under conditions of 100% relative hunvdiry at am-
and 5154 alloys in laboratory tests conducted under bient temperature. In other laboratory tests. I, 5 AMMONIUM IODIDE. NHJ. Solid ammonium
conditions of 100% relative humidity at ambient and 10% solutions of ammonium acetate at ambi- iodide caused mild attack (- 2 mpy) of 3003 alloy
temperature. Aluminum nitrate has been stored ent temperature caused mild attack of 3003 alloy and mild attack (-4 mpy) with blistering of alloy
and shipped in aluminum alloy containers. See also while the alloy was resistant to concentrated solu- 5154 in laboratory tests conducted under conditions
Ref: (I) p. 125, (3) p. 78. (7) p. 11. tions. Dry ammonium acetate has been stored and of 100% relative hun idity at ambient temperature.
transported in aluminum alloy containers. See also See also. Ref: (3) p. 63.
ALUMINUM OXALATE. AIJ(C?OJ),.H~O. Labo- Ref: (1) p. 125, (3) p. 71. (5) p. 11. (7) p. 1.5.
ratory tests indicated that alloys 3003 and 5154 were
AMMONIUM LACTATE. NH,C,HjO,. In labora-
resistant to solid aluminum oxalate under condi- AMMONIUM BICARBONATE. NH,HCO,. Alu- tory tests at amb;ent temperature. 30% and 30%
tions of 100% relative humidity at ambient temper- minum alloy equipment has been used in the pro- aqueous solutiors of ammonium lactate caused
ature. duction of ammonium bicarbonate. See also Ref: mild attack ( - 5 mpy) on alloy 3003. while at boiling
(1) p. 125. (3) p. 67. (5) p. 11. (7) p. 15. temperature. 30% solutions were very corrosive. See
ALUMINUM STEARATE. AI(C,,HJ5.02),. Labo-
also Ref: (3) p. 71.
ratory tests indicated that alloys 3003 and 5154 wre
AMMONIUM CARBAMATE. NHz’COO.NH,.
resistant to solid aluminum rtearate under condi-
Ammonium carbamate has been produced and AMMONIUM MOLYBDATE. (NHJzMoO,. Al-
tions of 100% relative humidity at ambient temper-
handled in aluminum alloy equipment, including loy 3003 was resistant to solid ammonium molyb-
ature.
tanks, piping and subliming equipment. See also date in laboratory tests conducted under conditions
Ref: (1) p. 125, (3) p. 68. of 100% relative humidity at ambient temperature.
ALUMINUM SULFATE. Al?(SO,),. 18 H>O. Lab-
See also Ref: (7) pp. 16, 17.
oratory tests showed that alloys 3003 and 5154 were
rewtant to solid aluminum sulfate under conditions AMMONIUM CARBONATE. (NH,)&O,. Solid
ammonium carbonate caused mild attack (-2 AMMONIUM NITRATE. NH,NO,. See also AM-
of 100% te!ative humidity at ambient temperature.
mpy) on 5154 alloy Hhile 3003 alloy was resistant to MONIUM NITRATE (AMMONIATED). In labo-
Laboratory tests made in aqueous solutions indi.
solid ammonium carbonate in laboratory tests con- ratory tests. alloy 3003 was found to be resistant to
cated mild action on alloy 1100 by solutions of .Ol’%
to 25% aluminum sulfate. Aluminum piping has ducted under conditions of 100% relative humidity
been used fur aluminum sulfate solutions in the pa- at ambient temperature. Other laboratory tests in- (continued)
612 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
dry ammonium nitrate at ambient temperature and Aluminum alloys have been used For piping, coolers sol. (chlorophenoxy) acetic acid, copper oxychloride
to aqueous solutions of ammonium nitrate at ambi- and tanks with ammonium sulfide. See also Ref: (I) (0.5% Max.) and calcium polysulfides. In labora-
znt and elevated temperatures (up to 18O’F). Am- p. 125. (3) p. 63. (7) p. 19. tory tests most insecticides were corrosive to alumi-
monium nitrate solutions used mainly for fertilizers, num alloys. See also Ref: (IO) p. 101.
have been produced. piped and stored in aluminum AMMONIUM TH~OCYANATE. NH,SCN. AIIO~S
alloy tank cars in concentrations up to 83% by 3003 and 5154 were resistant to solid ammonium APPLE BRINE. Limited laboratory tests indicated
weight and at rempcratures up to 12 I ‘C (250°F). In thiocyanate in laboratory tests conducted under that 5052 alloy was resistant to apple brine at 100°C
the hot 83% solution. corrosion can be stimulated conditions of 100% relative humidity at ambient (212°F).
particularly at welds by the presence of Free nitric temperature. In other laboratory tests, alloys 3003,
acid. To avoid this, the pH of the hot solution 5052 and 6061 were resistant to 1. 25 and 50% solu- AQUA REGlA. A mixture of nitric and hydro-
should be maintained above 6 and rhe solutigln agi- tions of ammonium thiocyanate at ambient temper- chloric acid. In laboratory tests, aqua regia was very
tated to maintain d uniform pH. Welded 3003 alloy ature. Aluminum alloy tanks and piping have been corrosive to all aluminum alloys. See aiso Ref: (2) p.
is more tolerant of these acidic conditions and has used to handle ammonium thiocyanate. See also 80, (3) p. 38.
been used For tank bottoms and piping. Mercury Ref: (I) p. 126, (2) p. 66. (3) p. 69, (7) p. 19.
contamination can also be a serious problem in am- ARGON. A. Aluminum alloys have been used For
monium nitrate service and must be avoided. Roof- AMMONIUM THIOGLYCOLATE. pressure vessels and containers handling argon. See
ing, siding, and prilling towers have been used in HSCH&OONHI. Ammonium thioglycolate has also Ref: (3) p. 35.
ammonium nitrate plants. See also Ref: (1) p. 125. been handled and shipped in aluminum alloy con-
(2) p. 55. (3) p. 66. (7) p. 17. tainers. See also Ref: (3) p. 71. ARSENIC ACID. H,AsO,. In limited laboratory
tests, concentrated arsenic acid *as very corrosive to
AMMONIUM NITRATE (AMMONIATED). 6061 alloy at ambient temperature. See also Ref: (3)
Ammoniated solutions of ammonium nitrate have AMMONIUM THIOSULFATE.
(NH,),S,O,. Laboratory tests showed that alloy p. 49, (7) p. 25.
been shipped, stored, and handled in aluminum al-
3003 was resistant to aqueous solutions of ammo-
loyequipment. See also Ref: (1) p. 125. (2) p. 55. (3) ARSENIC TRIOXIDE. As,O,. Alloys 3003 and
nium thiosulfate at ambient temperature. Aqueous
p. 66. 5154 were resistant to solid arsenic trioxide in labo-
ammonium thiosulfate solutions have been shipped
in aluminum drums. See also Ref: (3) p. 65. (7) p. ratorv tests conducted under conditions of 100%
AMMONIUM OXALATE. (NH&C20,.Hz0. So- relative humidity at ambient temperature. See also
19.
lid ammonium oxalate caused mild attack ( - 2 Ref: (3) p. 49. (7) p. 25.
mpy) of 3003 alloy in laboratory tests conducted un- AMYL ACETATE. CHJ(CH1)lOOCCH,. In labo-
der conditions of 100% relative humidity at ambient ratory tests, alloys 3003 and 5052 were resistant to ASBESTOS. Laboratory tests have shown that wet
temperature. In other laboratory tests, 1% solution amyl acetate at temperatures up to 204’C (4OOOF). asbestos will cause corrosion when in intimate con-
of ammonium oxalate at ambient temperature In other laboratory tests, condensing amyl acetate tact with all aluminum alloys. This has been con-
caused mild attack ( -3 mpy) and 4% solution was caused mild attack ( - 3 mpy) of alloy 3003. Pure firmed by service experience. Dry asbestos does not
corrosive to alloy 3003; while at the boiling tempera- amyl acetate has been stored in aluminum alloy cause corrosion of aluminum alloys. See also Ref:
ture. 1% solution was very corrosive. See also Ref: tanks. See also Ref: (1) p. 126, (2) p. 68. (3) p. 136. (I) p. 126. (5) p. 12.
(I) p. 125. (3) p. 71. (7) p. 17. (7) p. 19.
ASPARTIC ACID. HOOC.CH2CH(NHI).CDDH.
AMMONIUM PERCHLORATE. NH,CIO,. Alu- In limited laboratory tests, alloy 3003 was resistant
minum alloy equipment has been used For produc- AJMYL ALCOHOL. CH,(CH,),OH. Limited labo-
ratory tests indicated that alloy 3003 war resistant to to aspanic acid at 204°C (4M)“F). See also Ref: (I)
ing and handling ammonium perchlorate. See also p. 126. (3) p. 146, (7) p. 25.
amyl alcohol at 100°C (212°F). Amyl alcohol war
Ref: (3) p. 63, (7) p. 17.
very corrosive to 204°C (JO03F) and at the boiling
point. Aluminum alloys have been used to handle ASPHALT. Bituminous substances From petro-
A,MMONlUM PERSULFATE. (NH,),StOn. Al- leum or purified tar. Aluminum alloy piping and
amyl alcohol. See also Ref: (2) p. 71, (3) p. 113, (7)
loys 3003 and 5154 were resistant to solid ammo- tankers have been used For handling asphalt. See
nium persulfate in laboratory tests conducted under p. 21.
also Ref: (1) p. 126. (3) p. 221.
conditions of 100% relative humidity at ambient AMYL .MERCAPTAN. CH,(CH2),SH. Amyl mer-
temperature. See also Ref: (I) p. 125. (2) p. 58, (3) captan has been stored in aluminum alloy tanks. ASPIRIN. CH,COOC,H,COOH. Aluminum al-
p. b5. (7) p. 17. See alu, Ref: (3) p. 133. (7) p. 21. loys have been used in reaction and crystallization
equipment for the preparation of aspirin. See also
AMMONlUM PHOSPHATE. AMYL VALERATE. (CH,),CHCH2COOCsH,,. Ref: (2) p. 26. (3) pp. 130. 239.
Monobasic NH,H,PO,. Dibasic (NH&HPO+ The Laboratory tests indicated that 1100 alloy was resist-
action of ammonium phosphates on aluminum is a ant to concentrated amyl valerate at ambient tem- ATMOSPHERES. Most aluminum alloys have re-
Function of both the concentration and the tempera- perature. Amy1 valerate is handled in aluminum sisted atmospheric weathering in laboratory con-
ture. Solutions of the monobasic salt are less corro- containers. See also Ref: (7) pp. 20. 21. trolled tests and have been widely used For architec-
sive than are solutions of the dibasic salt and the tural and structural purposes. The earliest known
rate of attack decreases with time. Laboratory tests ANILINE. C,HsNH,. Laboratory tests indicated example of aluminum exposed to the weather is the
showed that solutions of the monobasic salt up to that 1 LOOalloy was resistant to aniline vapors at am- cap piece on the well-known Washington Monu-
28% caused moderate attack (- 10 mpy) on alloy bient and 75°C (167’F) temperatures. However, ment erected in 1884. That 100 ounce casting was
3003. Solutions of the diammonium talt are corro- concentrated solutions of aniline were corrosive to examined in 1934 and again in 1964. Both examina-
sive to aluminum alloys and should not be used with 1100 alloy at the boiling Point 184°C (364OF). Alu- tions confirmed the resistance to weathering of the
aluminum equipment unless inhibitors are em- minum alloy equipment has been used in procesru cap, as evidenced by the legibility of the original en-
ployed. See also Ref: (I) p. 125. (2) p. 60. involving aniline. See also Rcf: (1) p. 126. (2) p. 73, graved inscriptions. The earliest known use of alu-
(3) p. 144, (7) p. 21. minum sheet For a roof is Found on the St. Cioac-
AMMONIUM SULFAMATE. NH,SO,NHz. Lab- chino church in Rome. Italy. Installed in 1897.
oratory tests indicated that II00 alloy was resistant ANISE OIL. Aluminum alloy tanks have been used examination after 70 years disclosed a measured
to aqueous solutions of ammonium sulfamate at for storing anise oil. See also Ref: (8) p. 12.5. corrosion depth of 0.06 mm (2.5 mils) average. A
ambient temperature. See also Ref: (7) pp. 17. 18. number of applications of aluminum For electrical
ANTIFREEZE SOLUTIONS. Water Solutions of power cables began early in the present century and
AM,MONlUM SGLFATE. (NH&SO,. In labora- Methyl Alcohol, Glycerin or Glycol. Laboratory continue in use today. An early stranded aluminum
tory tests, alloy 3003 was resistant to solid ammo- tests have shown that alloys I100 and 3003 were re- power cable in service near Hartford, CT, For 51
nium sulfate under conditions of 100% relative hu- sistant to many commercial antifreeze solutions. In years. exhibited an average measured corrosion
midity at ambient temperature. Other laboratory automotive applications, the antifreeze solution depth of 0.109 mm (4.3 mils). Aluminum castings
tests showed that 1100alloy was resistant to 1% to must be maintained at the proper concentration in have been used For thousands of spandrel panels on
45% solutions of ammonium sulfate at ambient order that sufficient inhibitor is present to prevent many buildings such as those in the Radio City com-
temperature. Aluminum alloys have been used for deposition corrosion by heavy metal ions picked up plex completed during 1432 in New York and the
handling ammonium sulfate. See also Ref: FF) p. From dissimilar metals in the system. Aluminum al- Koppers Building completed during 1929 m Pitts-
125. (2) p. 62, (3) p. 64, (7) p. 19. loys have been used for automotive radiators and burgh. PA. The Empire State Building also com-
heat exchangers. See also Ref: (I) p. 126. (3) pp. 23. pleted during 1929 in New York City had about
AMMONIUM SULFIDE. (NH,)*S. In laboratory 114, 115. 136.240. gZS.OW pounds of aluminum applied to its exterior.
tests. 1100 alloy was resistant to 15% to 40% SOlU-
tions of ammonium sulfide at ambient temperature. ANTIPESTICIDES, INSECTICIDES. Dinitrocre- (continued)
Nonferrous Metals and Alloys 613
The A. 0. Smith Bulldmg completed during 1930 m num alloys have been used for fermenters, yeast tubs. contamers have been used for storing and transpon-
Milwulkee. Wisconsin. may hdve been the forerun- culture tanks, carbonating tanks, coolers, storage ing beryllium chloride. See also Ref: (2) p. 102. (3)
ner of aluminum curtain wall corwruction. Exami- tanks. beer kegs and other containers. Aluminum al- p. 73. (7) p. 35.
niltmn iu 1962 of a cast panel from the Smith Butld- loys have also been used for wart receiving and set-
mg disclosed average measured depth of attack to tling vessels and filtering apparatus. Aluminum alloy BISMUTH NITRATE. Bi(NO,),‘S H,O. Alloys
be 0.053 mm (2.1 mils) in the 6.35 mm (250 mils) beer cans are coated internally. See also Ref: (I) p. 3003 and 5154 were resistant to solid bismuth nitrate
thick metal. Aluminum residential roof shingles 127. (3) p. 202. (4) pp. 94, 95, %. 97, 128, (6) p. 10. in laboratov tests conducted under conditions of
were marketed beginning in 1928 and examination 100% relative humidity at ambient temperature. See
of such a roof after 30 years in an industrial atmo- BEESWAX. Conrainr about 8@‘G myricin. Beesuax also Ref: (8) p. 106.
sphere revealed an average depth of corrosion pme- ha> been used as a prorecti\e coating for alummum
tration of 0.076 mm (3.0 mils) in the 0.508 mm (20 allo! strw corrouon cracking test fixtures. See also BITUMINOUS PAINT. Laboratory tests have
mils) thick 3003 alloy sheet. Since 1930. many appli- Ref: (I) p. 127. (3) p. 225. shown that bituminous paint is protective to alumi-
cations of aluminum roofing and siding have been num alloys. See also Ref: (I) p. 127, (3) pp. 218.221.
made throughout the world. Alclad aluminum in- BENZALDEHYDE. C,,H;CHO. In laborator) (4) p. 141.
dustrial roofing and siding have been used for many tests. alloys 3003. 5052 and 51.54 uere resistant to
years in a wide variety of highly industrial atmo- benzaldeh\de at 5O’C (122°F) and 2W’C (400 F). BLACKBERRY NICE. In laboratory tests. black-
spheres. Corrosion depth is arrested at the cladding- Under boiling and condensing conditions, benzalde- berry pomace and juice mixture was corrosive to 3003
core interface under the effect of cathodic protection hyde caused moderate attack u-lth localized pnting alloy at 100°C (212°F). See also Ref: (4) pp. 88. 89.
by the 1% zinc-bearing aluminum alloy cladding. (- 8 mpy). In other laboratory tests. the addition of
Port facilities throughout the nation have used large water to brnzaldehyde caused moderate corrosion BORDEAUX MIXTURE. A mixture of cupric sul-
quantities of those alclad aluminum sheet products with the maximum attack (- I2 mpy) of 1100 allo! fate, calcium oxide. and water. Aluminum alloy
for transit sheds, storage buildings and the like. Lit- developing at about a IO?& mixture of benzaldehyde equipment has been used to handle Bordeaux mix-
erally hundreds of studies have been made on alumi- in water. Aluminum alloy drums and tanks, dinilla- ture. See also Ref: (1) p. 127.
num alloys after service for many years in industrial tion columns. condensers and dephlegmators have
and seacoast localities. been used to handle pure henzaldehyde. See also Ref: BORIC ACID. H.,BO,. Alloys 3003 and 5154 were
(1) p. 127. (2) p. 87. (3) p. 120. (7) p. 27. resistant to solid boric acid in laboratory tests con-
ducted under conditions of 100% relative humidity
used to handle butter. Aiuminum foil has been used used for butyric anhydride. See Ref: (3) p. 128, (7) CALCIUM NITRATE. CalNO,)?. In laboratory
for packaging butter. See also Ref: (1) p. 128. (3) p. 41. tests. alloy 3003 was resistant to aqueous solutions
p. 205. (4) pp. 84. 100. 102. 103. 114. (6) p. 11. (l-50%) of calcium nitrate at ambient temperature.
C
See also Ref: (1) p. 128, (3) p. 75. (7) p. 47.
BUTYL ACETATE CH,COO(CH,LCH,. In lab-
orator! tesw allo! 3003 was resistant to hutyl acetate CALCIUM OXIDE. GO. Alloy 3003 was resistant
at ambwnt temperature and at the boiling pomr. to solid calcium oxide in laboratory tests conducted
Under refluxmg conditmns. butyl acetate caused CADMIUM CHLORIDE. CdCI*.2 % HsO. Solid under conditions of 100% relative humidity at am-
mild attack ( - 3 mp!) of 3003 allo?. Aluminum allo? cadmium chloride was very corrosive to 3003 and bient temperature. In the presence of liquid water.
storage tanks have been used for butyl acetate. See 5154 alloys in laboratory tests conducted under con. calcium hydroxide is formed. leading to the forma-
also Ref: (1) p. 128. (2) p. 118. (3) p. 136. (7) p. 39. ditions of 100% relative humidity at ambient temper. tion of protective films on the aluminum surface
attire. See also Ref: (3) p. 80, (7) p. 45. (see CALCIUM HYDROXIDE). See also Ref: (1)
BUTYL ALCOHOLS. CH,.CH2.CH2.CH:.0H. p. 128. (31 p. 72, (7) p. 49.
CH,.CH(OH).CH,.CH,. (CH,),C.OH. In labora- CADMTUM SULFATE. CdSO,. Alloys 3GU3 and
tar) tests. allo) 3003 water cooled tube was resistant 5154 were resistant to solid cadmium sulfate in labo- CALCIUM PROPIONATE. Ca(CH,. CHz. COO)>.
to condensing vapors from n-butyl alcohol. In other rator tests conducted under conditions of 100% Calcium propionate has been stored in aluminum
laboratory tests at 204°C (400°F). n-but!1 alcohol relatwe humidity at ambient temperature. In other alloy tanks. See also Ref: (3) p, 77.
containing as much as i 3% eaterwasverycorrosive labonto?_ tests, aqueous solution (l-IS%) caused
to 3003 alloy. but with 5% water. 3003 alloy was mild attack of 3003 alloy at ambient temperature. CALCIUM SILICATE. Ca,SiO,(OR 3 CaO. SiO,).
resistant. At the same temperature. alloy 3003 was Aluminum alloy piping. filter press plates, and tanks Aluminum alloy driers have been used with calcium
resistant to secondaq and tertiary butyl alcohols have been used to handle cadmium sulfate. See also silicate. See also Ref: (3) p. 76. (7) p. 49.
with 0.3% water. Aluminum alloy decanters, heat Ref: (3) p. 80. (7) p. 45.
exchangersand tanks have been used with pure butyl
CAMPHOR. C,,H,,O. Aluminum alloy equipment
alcohol or butyl alcohol-water mixtures. See also CALCIUM CARBIDE. Cd,. Solid calcium car-
has been used to handle camphor. See also Ref: (1) p.
Ref: (1) p. 128. (2) p. 120. (3) p. 113. (7) p. 39. bide caused mild attack of alloy 5154. while alloy
129. (3) pp. 104, 121. 226(7) p. 51.
3003 was resistant in laboratory tests conducted
BU’I?‘L”CELU)SOLVE.“CH,OH .CH,.O .C,I&. In under conditions of 100% relative humidity at am-
limited laborator) tests, commercial pure bury1 “Cel- bient temperature. See also Ref: (I) p. 128, (3) p. 76. CANE SUGAR LIQUORS. Aluminum alloy equip-
losolve” caused very severe corrosion of 3003 al101 (7) p. 4s. ment has been used in the processing and handling of
under refluxing condltlons. This corrosion was elimi- cane sugar liquors. See also Ref: (4) pp. 74. 90.
nated in those tests by the addition of a small amount CALCIUM CARBONATE. CaCO,. In laboratory
of nitrobenzene. tests, saturated solutions of calcium carbonate caused n-CAPROIC ACID. CH,.(CH!)q.COOH. In labo-
mild attack (-2 mpy) on alloy 1100 at ambient ratory tests, alloys 3003. 5154. and 6061 were resistant
BUTYL “CELLOSOLVE” ACETYL RECINO. temperature. The rate decreared with time. Drv cal- to n-caproic acid at 50°C (122°F) and at the boiling
LEATE. CI,H,O,. This product has been manufac- cium carbonate had no effect. See also Ref: (1) p. 128, point. Under refluxing conditions, n-caproic acid
tured and handled in aluminum alloy equipment. (3) p. 76, (7) p. 45. was corrosive to aluminum alloys. This acid has been
stored in aluminum alloy containers. See also Ref: (2)
BIJTYL LACTATE. CHJH(OH)COOC,H, I,, CALCIUM CHLORIDE. CaCl?.6H,O. In labora- p. 2’4. (3) p. 127.
laboratory tests, alloys 3003. 5052 and 5154 were re. tory tests, solid calcium chloride caused moderate at-
tack (- 6 mpy) of alloys 3003. 5154, and 6061 under
sistant to butyl lactate at temperatures from ambient CAF’ROLACTAM. CHz(CH:),NHCO. Laboratory
to 188°C (370°F). As condensing vapors, butyl lat. conditions of 100% relative humidity at ambient
tests indicate that caprolactam is discolored by con-
tate caused mild attack ( - 2 mpy) of 3003 alloy. temperature. Other laboratory tests show that
tact with nluminum alloys.
Bury1 lactaw has been handled in drums. tank trucks aqueous solutions (up to 455%) caused mild attack at
and tank can made from aluminum alloys. See also ambient temperature with pitting in evidence. The
n-CAPRYLJC ACID. CH,(CHJ), COOH. In lim-
Ref: (‘1 pp. 40. 41. action of calcium chloride can be inhibited by the ad- ited laboratory tats. alloys 3003 and 5052 \\\ttre resis-
dition of sodium dichromate. Inhibited calcium
tant to caprylic acid at ambient temperaure. This
o-BUTYRALDEHYDE. C2H,.CH,.CH0. In lab- chloride refrigeration brines have been commonly aad has been shipped in aluminum alloy containers.
OratoIy tests, 1 IO0 alloy was resistant to solutions of handled in aluminum alloy equipment. Alloy 356.0 See also Ref: (2) p. 2’4. (3) p. l2i.
butyraldehyde (l-100%) at ambient temperature. valves have been used for handline calcium chloride
Corrosion increased at elevated temperatures, par- solutions. See also Ref: (I) p. 128.72) p. 129. (3) pp.
CARBOLIC ACID. C,H,OH. See PHENOL. See
ticularly at lower concentrations in the same tests. 23, 73, 240, (7) p. 47.
also Ref: (2) p. 537. (3) p. 116.
Aluminum allo) still and condenser tubes, shipping
drums and tank cars have been used with n-butyral- CALCIUM CHROMATE. CaCrO,. Calcium chro- CARBON. C. In laboratory tests, various aluminum
dehyde. See also Ref: (3) p. 120. (7) p. 41. mate has been used as an inhibitive pigment in alloys were resistant to carbon when dry. When wet.
organic coatings on aluminum alloys. See also Ref: carbon acts as a cathode tocontacting aluminum and
BUTYRIC ACID. CHd(CHJ> COOH. The effect (7) p. 47. causes corrosion as a result of galvanic action. Car-
of butyric acid on aluminum is similar to that of ace- bon black has been handled in aluminum alloy con-
tic acid and propionic acid. CALCIUM GLUCONATE. tainers and hopper can. See also Ref: (1) p. 129, (2)
The corrosion rates pass through a minimum at 5% Ca(HO.CH, (CH.OH),COOlx~HIO. Aluminum p. 50.
acid and then increase again at approximately alloy tanks have been used in the production of cal-
70-80%. Above this concentration, the corrosion cium gluconate. See also Ref: (3) p. 77. (7) p. 47
CARBON DIOXIDE. CO2 Carbon dioxide in liq-
rates drop to low values for commercial strength uid. solid orgaseous form has been handled in alumi-
butyric acid containing about 0.2% water. Dehy- CALCIUM HYDROXIDE. Ca(OH),. In labora- num alloy equipment including pipe lines. See also
drated acid. containing about 0.05% water corrodes tory tests, calcium hydroxide solutions have rapid Ref: (1) p. 129, (2) p. 141. (3) pp. SO, 214, (4) pp. 43,
aluminum. Aluminum alloy storage tanks and ship- etching action on aluminum alloys Hhich quickly 47, 48. 93.
ping drums have been used. Heat exchangers made subsides as the result of the formation of protective
of aluminum-manganese alloys have proved to be films on the aluminum surface. See also Ref: (1)p.
128. (2) p. 133. (3) p. 72. (4) p. 47. CARBON DISULFlDE. CS,. Alloy 1100 was resis-
satisfactov. Alloy 356.0 valves are used for handling
tant to carbon disulfide in laboratory tests conducted
buryric acid. See also Ref: (1) p.
at ambient temperature and at the boiling point.
128. (2)~. 123,(3)p. i27, (4)pp. 24,29,30,31,(7)p. CALCIUM HYPOCHLORITE. Ca(CIO),.Z H:O.
Aluminum absorbers, distillation columns, con-
41. Solid calcium hypochlorite was corrosive (- 27
densers, and piping have been used in carbon di-
mpy) to alloy 3003 and caused moderate attack
sulfide recovery systems. Alloy 356.0 valves have
BUTYRIC ANHYDRIDE. [CH, (CH,),COlzO. In H- IO mpy) of alloy 5154 in laboratory tests under been used for handling carbon disulfide. See also
laboratov tests, but@ anhydride and mixtures of coryditions of 100% relative humidity at ambient
Ref: (1) p. 129, (2) p. 146. (3) p. 51 (7) p. 51.
butyric anhydride and butyric acid at tempemtuEs temperature. !n other laboratory tests, aqueous
from ambient to boiling caused moderate attack (- 7 solutions. except those at very low concentrations,
mpy) of 1100 alloy. In the same tests. a mixture of wem corrosive to 3003 alloy at ambient temper- CARBONIC ACID. HJO,. Carbonated beverages
dehydrated butyric acid and commercial strength ature. Aluminum baskets and rotary driers have have been handled in aluminum alloy equipment.
anhydride was corrosive to 1100 alloy. Aluminum been used with calcium hypochlorite. See also Ref: SeealsoRef:(l)p. 129. (2)~. 141,(3)p. 22, (7)~. 51.
alloy storage tanks and shipping drums have been (1) p. 128. (2) p. 104, (3) pp. 73. 247, (7) p. 47. (contmued)
Nonferrous Metals and Alloys 615
CARBON TETRACHLORCDE. CCIJ. In labora- ture. Similar results were obtained with 2% and 20% CHROMIUM OXIDE. Cr,O,. Chromium oxide in
tory tests. alloys 3003. 5052 and 5154 were resistant solutions of chlordane in kerosene. However. the ad- the dry state has been handled in aluminum alloy
to carbon tetrachloride at ambient temperature. dition of as little as 0.2% distilled water to these colu- equipment. See also Ref: (1) p. 130. (3) p. 82.
whereas. boiling carbon tetrachloride was corrosive tions increased their corrotivity greatly. Aluminum
to these alloys as well as to many others. Two prod- alloy containers have been used for the bulk rhip- CHROMlUM POTASSIUM SULFATE.
ucts of this reaction are aluminum chloride and hexa- ment of chlordane. CACiTl0.V. See “Halogenated CrK(S0,)~~12H10. Alloys 3003 and 5154 were
chlomethane. The reaction apparently is electro- Hydrocarbons.” See also Ref: (3) p. 110. (7) p. 55. resistant to solid chromium potassium sulfate in
chemical in nature and accelerated by anhydrous laboratory tests conducted under conditions of
aluminum chloride. The reaction decreases rapidly CHLORINE. C12. In laboratory tests, aqueous soIu+ 100% relative humidity at ambient temperature.
as the temperature is dropped from boiling 177°C tions containing 25.50. and 100 ppm chlorine caused See also Ref: (7) pp. 62, 63.
(170”F)I to 50°C (122°F). The rate increases moderate attack of I IO0 and 6061 alloys at ambient
markedly on superheating. The presence of water. temperature. Dry chlorine gas does not attack alumi- CHROMIUM SULFATE. Cr,(SO,), I5 H20.
carbon disulfide or oxygen increases the action at num alloys. but in the presence of water is corrosive. Solid chromium sulfate was corrosive to 3003 alloy
lower temperatures and decreases it at higher tem- Aluminum alloy bus bar has been used in caustic- in laboratory tests conducted under conditions of
peratures. The action can also be minimized by add- chlorine plants. Hot chlorine gar has been cooled in lOO% relative humidity at ambient temperature.
~ng stabilizers. Aluminum powder in contact with aluminum alloy heat exchangen. See also Ref: (1) p. See also Ref: (1) p. 130. (3) p. 82, (7) p. 63.
carbon tetrachloride should not be used as a milling 129, (2) p. 167, (3) pp. 36, 247, (7) p. 57.
medium for comminuting aluminum. CAUTION: CHROMIUM TRIOXIDE. CrO,. Solid chromium
See “Halogenated Hydrocarbons.” See also Ref: (I) CHMROACETIC ACID. CHICI’ COOH. Labora-
trioxide caused moderate attack ( - 17 mpy) of 3003
p. 129. (2) p 153. (3) pp. 23. 106. tory tests indicated that pure chloroacetic acid is very
alloy in laboratory tests conducted under conditions
corrosive to 3003 alloy at 204°C (400°F). CAUTION:
of 100% relative humidity at ambient temperature.
CELLULOSE. (ChH,,,Or),. Aluminum alloy equip- See “Halogenated Hydrocarbons.” See also Ref: (7)
Alloy 356.0 valves have been used for handling
ment has been wed to handle cellulose. See also Ref: pp. 56, 57.
chromic acid solutions. See also Ref: (2) p. 194, (3)
(I) p. 129. (31 pp. 124. 231. p. 82. (7) p. 63.
CHLOROBENZENE. C,H&I. Laboratory tests in-
dicated that alloy 3003 was resistant to chloroben-
CELLULOSE ACETATE BUTYRATE. Alumi- CIDER. In laboratory tests, 5052 alloy was resis-
zene at 100°C (212°F) and refluxing temperatures.
num alloy 5110s. piping. Jnd conveyors have been tant to apple cider at 38°C (IOO’F). See also Rrf:
Chlorobenzene has been shipped in aluminum alloy
used for handling cellulose acetate butyrate. See also tank trucks. CAUTION: See “Halogenated Hydm- (1) p. 130. (3) p. 202. (4) pp. 78. 97. (6) p. IO.
Ref: (3) p. 130. (7) p. 53. carbons.” See also Ref: (2) p. 173. (3) p. 111. (7) p,
57. CITRIC ACID. (HOOC)CH,C.(OH)(COOH)
CELLULOSE ACETATES. Aluminum alloys have .CH:COOH. In laboratory tests. II00 alloy uas
been used in the preparation and storage of cellulose l-CHLOROBUTANE. C,H,CI. Laboratory tests resistant to aqueous solutions of citric acid at am-
acetates. See also Ref: (I) p. 129. (3) pp. 136.232. (7) showed that 3003 alloy was resistant to I-chloro- blent remperarure. While increased concentration
p. 53. butane at ambient temperature and 50°C (IZZ’F). had little effect, increasing temperature cawed the
At the reflux temperature I-chlorobutane was corro- corrosivity of the solutions to increase subsrantlally.
CEMENT, PORTLAND. While in the fluid state, sive to alloy 3003 and high purity aluminum. CAU- The presence of chlorides or heavy metals mcreaws
Ponland cement causes etching of aluminum alloys TION: See “Halogenated Hydrocarbons.” the corroshity of these solutions. Aluminum has no
as indicated in laboratory tests and in service applica- harmful action on the organisms used in rhe manu-
tions. After the cement has set, no further corrosion 2XHLOROBUTANE. CH,&HICHCICHJ. In labo- facture of citric acid and is suitable for cc:uipment
occurs as a result of a protective film forming on the ratory tests. alloy 3003 was resistant to 2.chloro- ruch as fermenting vats. crystallizers, solution
aluminum. Galvanic corrosion will develop if alumi- butane at ambient temperature. At higher tempera- storage \ats. and piping. Alloy 356.0 vahes have
num is coupled todissimilar metals in cement or con- tures, 2.chlorobutane was corrosive to 3003 alloy. been used for handling citric acid solutions. See also
crete to which chlorides have been added for high CAUTION: See “Halogenated Hydrocarbons.” Ref: (I) p. 130. (2) p. 199. (3) pp. 131, 209. (4) pp.
early strength. Aluminum alloys have been used for 22, 25. 26, 27, 28, 29, 30. 31, 109. 110. 113. (7)
freight can. hopper can, and tote bins handling ce- 2XHLOROETHANOL. CHzCICHIOH. In labora- p. 6.5.
ment. Aluminum has also been used successfully for tory tests, 3003 alloy was resistant to 2.chloroethanol
racks and pallets in the concrete block industry, at ambient temperature. Corrosion increased rignifi- CITRUS FRUlT IUICES. Laboratory tests indi-
molds and forms. and terrazzo divider strips. See also cantly as temperature increased with 2.chloroethanol cated that alloys 3003. 5052. and 5086 were resistant
Ref: (I) p. 129. (2) p. 161. (3) p. 228. being very corrosive at the boiling point. C4UTION: to citrus fruit juices at ambient and refrigerated tem-
See “Halogenated Hydrocarbons.” See also Ref: (3) peratures. See also Ref: (-I) p. 90. (6) p. IO. 13.
CEREALS. Aluminum alloy equipment has been p. 133. (7) p. 87.
used for handling and preparation of cereals. CLAY. Variable substance with a base of hydrous
CHLOROFORM. CHCI,. In laboratory tests, Ill!0 aluminum silicate. Dry clay and clay slurries have
CHEESE. Cheeses vary in their action on aluminum alloy was resistant to chloroform with a trace of water been handled in aluminum alloy piping, fittings, and
alloys. In laboratory tests, aluminum alloys were at temperatures up to the boiling point 6l’C (142°F). valves. See also Ref: (I) p. 130. (3) p, 228.
resistant to some cheeses, while other cheeses were In the same test. anbydrouc chloroform uas cop~o-
corrosive. When necessary. aluminum alloys can be sive. CAUTION: See “Halogenated Hydrocarbons.” COAL.. Mainly carbon. containing also many or-
protected readily. Aluminum vats and molds have See also Ref: (1) p. 130. (2) p. 179. (3) p. 106. t’) p. game compounds. A controlled field test indicated
been used for processing cheese. Aluminum wrap- 59. that aluminum alloys performed uell when contact-
pings and containers have been used for cheese. ing various types of coal for 30 years. Aluminum
Those have usually been protected. See also Ref: (I) CHLORONITROBENZE,NE. NO:C,H,CI. In lim- alloys have been used for trucks, hopper cars. chutes,
p. 129, (3) pp. 199. 205, (4) pp. 84, 102, 103. 114, ited laboratory tests, 3003 alloy was resistant to chlo- skips, cages, trolleys. pit props, and hand tools in the
115. (6) pp. 9. II, 14, 15. ronitrobenzene at ambient temperature. CrlU- handling of coal. Aluminum liners have given satis-
TIO,V: See “Halogenated hydrocarbons.” See also factory service in coal bunkers to assist in the flow of
CHERRIES. In laboratory tests, cherries in brine Ref: (2) p. 185. the coal. See also Ref: (1) p. 130, (3) pp. SO, 221.
caused moderate attack of 3003. %2. and Alclad
3003 alloys at amblent temperature. Alclad 3003 CHOCOLATE. Aluminum alloy equipment has COAL GAS. Containing hydrogen, methane, car-
when exposed at ambient temperature was resistant been used in the preparation and manufacture of bon monoxide, ethane, carbon dioxide, oxygen, ni-
to Maraschino cherries in another laboratory test. chocolate candy. Aluminum foil has been used to trogen and volatile organic compounds. Limited lab-
Fresh chemies in water have been carried by alumi- package chocolate products. See also Ref: (3) pp. oratory tests showed that 443.0 casting alloy was
num alloy irrigation pipe to processing tanks. 200.203. (4) p. 115, (6) p. 12. resistant to coal gas at ambient temperature. See also
Ref: (3) p. 221, (7) p. 65.
CHERRY MCE. In laboratory tests, sweet red CHROMIC ACID. H2Cr004. In laboratory tests,
cherry juice caused mild attack ( - 4 mpy) of 3003 1100 alloy was resistant to aqueous chromic acid COAL TAR. Containing benzene, toluene. naph-
alloy at lOO”C (212’F) while black cherry juice caused solutions in concentrations up to 0.1 N at ambient thalene. anthracene. xylene. other aromatics;
moderate attack ( - 8 mpy). See also Ref: (4) pp. 88, temperature. See also Ref: (1) p. 130, (2) p. 194. (3) phenol, cresol, other phenolics; ammonia. pyridene.
89, (6) p. IO. pp. 82, 236, (4) pp. 21, 121, (7) p. 63. other organic bases. thiophene. Aluminum alloy
equipment including distillation columns, conden-
CHLORDANE. C,,H,CI,. In laboratory tests. 3003 CHROMIUM. Cr. Chromium plated aluminum al- sers and piping have been used in the production of
alloy was resistant to technical chlordane with ot loy products have been used. See also Ref: (3) p. 82, coal tar. See also Ref: (3) pp. 223, 224.
without 0.2% water additions at ambient tempera- (4) pp. 83. 134. (continued)
616 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
COBALT COMPOUNDS. Solid cobaltous chloride tive films. Calcium chloride is often added to mor- tar. In laboratory tests. 1100 alloy was resistant to
was very corrosive to alloys 3003 and 5154 in lab- tar and concrete to accelerate curing and to develop l%, 3%. and 100% solutions of cresylic acid at am-
oratory tests conducted under conditions of 100% high early strength. Sodium chloride may also be bient temperature. See also Ref: (2) p. 221, (7) p. 67.
relative humidity at ambient temperature. Solid cw present. as a contaminant of the water and sand. In
baltous nitrate caused mild attack ( - 3 mpy) of 3003 laboratory tests, the addition of appreciable amounts CBYOIJTE. (SODIUM ALUMINUM FLUO-
alloy in the same tests. See also Ref: (3) p. 84, (5) p. of either calcium chloride or sodium chloride to con- RIDE). Alloy 3003 was resistant to solid cryolite in
13. crete had little effect on the corrosivity of the con- laboratory tests conducted under conditions of 100%
crete to aluminum alloys. However. these rests and relative humidity at ambient temperature. See also
COCA COLA* SYRUP. In laboratory tests, Coca service experience show that small amounts of Ref: (7) pp. 160. 161.
Cola syrup is corrosive to aluminum alloys. Unpro chlorides will aggravate corrosion of alloys and even
cause deterioration of the concrete when the co_ CUMENE. C,Hs CH(CH,),. In limited laboratory
tected aluminum is not ordinarily used with this pro
sion is of a galvanic nature. especially when the con- tests. 3003 alloy was resistant to cumene under
duct.
l&mcml tndrm.rt crete is either intermittently or continuously wet refluxing conditions. Cumene has been stored in
after curing. While aluminum alloys perform well in aluminum alloy containers. See also Ref: (7) p. 69.
COCONUT OIL. Contains Irimyristin. trilaurin. many applications involving mortar and concrete.
CURRANTS(BLACK AND RED). in limited lab-
tripalmitin. tristearin. other glycerides. Coconut oil definite benefits may be obtained by using protec.
tive coatings to prevent staining, eliminate crevice oratory tests, red currants were corrosive to 3003
has been stored in aluminum alloy tanks. See also
corrosion, minimize galvanic corrosion, and im- alloy at 100°C (212’F). Aluminum equipment has
Ref: (7) p. 93.
prove adhesion by decreasing gas evolution at the been used in processing and preparing currants. See
metal interface. See also Ref: (IO) p. 29. also Ref: (6) p. IO.
COD LIVER OIL. A fixed oil containing vitamins
A and D. glycerides of palmitic. stearic. etc., acids, COPAL. Contains trachylolic acid, isotrachylolic CYCLOHEXANE. CJ& In laboratory tests, 3003
cholesterol, butyl alcohol esters. Cod liver oil has acid, resene and volatile oil or contains dammaric alloy was resistant to cyclohexane under &axing
been processed and stored in aluminum alloy equip- conditions. Aluminum alloy tank trucks have been
acid. dammaran and a resin. Aluminum alloy
ment. See also Ref: (I) p. 130, (2) p. 294. (3) p. 239. used to ship cyclohexane. See also Ref: (3) p. 104,
equipment has been used for the production of var.
nishes made from copal resins. See also Ref: (1) p. (7) p. 71.
COFFEE. Coffee has been prepared in aluminum
131, (2) p. 210, (3) p. 226, (7) p. 65.
alloy cooking equipment and utensils. See also Ref: CYMENE. C&I,. In laboratory tests. 3003 alloy
(1) p. 130. (3) p. 211. (4) pp. 80. 84.97, (6) p. 12. COPPER COMPOUNDS. In laboratory was resistant to cymene under boiling and condens-
tests,
aqueous solutions of copper compounds were cot‘- ing conditions and under refluxing conditions. See
COKE. (From destructive distillation of coal and rosive to aluminum alloys causing localized pitting. also Ref: (3) p. 104.
other carbonaceous materials.) The resistance of alu-
See also Ref: (1) p. 131. (3) p. 238.
minum to coke has been reflected by its use for coke
D
conveyor buckets and as sprayed coatings to protect
CORK. The light, porous outer bark of the cork
steel can used for coke quenching. Aluminum alloy oak. In laboratory tests, cork was corrosive to con-
equipment has been used in many applications tacting 3003 alloy under conditions of 100% relative
handling coke oven gas. Deacidifien. pipes. heat ex- humidity at 52°C (125’F) which caused wetting of
changers, heating coils, regenerators, and absorbers 2, 4-D. Cl,. C,H, ‘0. CH2. COOH. Limited labo-
the cork. See also Ref: (10) p. 29.
made of aluminum allovs have been in service om. ratory tests indicate that dilute aqueous solutions of
cessingcoke oven gas. S& also Ref: (1) p. 130, ($&. 2. 4-D caused mild attack of 3003 alloy at ambient
CORN OIL. A refined oil expressed from grain of
210, 221, 223. temperature. 2, 4-D has been handled in aluminum
Zea mays L. Corn oil has been stored in aluminum
alloy sprayers and piping. CAUTION: See “Halo.
alloy containers. See also Ref: (6) p. II.
COKE OVEN GAS. Contains hydrogen, methane, genated Hydrocarbons.” See also Ref: (3) p. 127.
carbon dioxide and volatile organic compounds. Alu- DAJRY PRODUCTS. Aluminum alloys have been
minum alloy deacidifiers. heat exchangers, and heat- CORN PRODUCTS. In laboratory tests, alloys
used for milk pails, milk cans, storage tanks, truck
ing coils have been used in the Collins process for the 1100 and 3003 were resistant to many corn prod-
tankers. pasteurizers. coolers. butter chums and
desulfurization of coke oven gas. Condensation of ucts tested. Aluminum alloy equipment has been
tubs. foil hoods, and powdered milk driers. See also
moisture on surfaces contacting coke oven gas CM used in the production of corn products. Aluminum
Ref: (3) p. 204. (6) p. 11.
accelerate cormsion on aluminum alloys as the result alloy hoods. ducts. piping, and conveyors have been
DDT. (CIC,H&CHCCII. Laboratory tests showed
of the formation of sulfurous acid. See also Ref: (1)p. used.
that 3003 alloy was resistant to dry DDT and dilute
130. (2) p. 859.
aqueous solutions of DDT at ambient temperature.
CORN SYRUP. A mixture of dextrose and dextrins
Aluminum alloy cans have been used for aerosol w
COLLODION. Pymxylin dissolved in alcohol and in water. Laboratory tests indicated that 6061 alloy
lotions of DDT. CAUTION: See “Halogenated Hy
ether. Laboratory tests showed that alloy 6053 was was resistant to corn syrup at ambient temperature.
drocarbons.” See also Ref: (2) p. 226. (3) pp. I Il.
Rsistant to collodion at ambient temperature. Col- Corn syrup has been stored in aluminum alloy con-
241. (7) p. 75.
lodion has been stored in aluminum alloy containers. tainers. See also Ref: (2) p. 229. (6) p. IO.
See also Ref: (3) p. 124. DETERGENTS. Aluminum alloys perform in dif-
ferent ways in different detergents. When in solu-
COSMETICS. In laboratory tests. many cosmetics
CONCRETE. Aluminum alloys embedded in fresh tion. some detergents stain andFor corrode alumi-
have been tested with variable results. Aluminum
mortar or concrete have been used in many applica- num. Since general conclusions cannot be drawn,
alloy containers have been used for a variety of detergents rhould be tested individually before use
tions. As shown by laboratory tests, 5ome surface creams, powders. lotions, and soaps. See also Ref:
attack occurs during the first few hours while the with aluminum alloys. Aluminum bins, silos. piping,
(3) pp. 117. 239.
concrete is still fluid. However, further attack is and packages have been used for detergents. See alu,
substantially retarded because of the formation of Ref: (I) p. 131. (3) p. 243, (4) pp. 34, 72, 75. 76, 85,
COTTONSEED OIL. A refined oil expressed from 86, 87, 96, 103.
highly protective films on the aluminum. Measured the seeds of Gossypium herboceun and other species
depths of the attack that take place during the set- of Gossypium. In laboratory tests, 6061 alloy was DMCETONE ALCOHOL.
ting period of concrete are generally less than 1 mil resistant to cottonseed oil at ambient temperature. (CHJ,C(OH)CH,COCH,. In limited laboratory
while after 6 months or after 8 or 27 years in service Aluminum alloy storage tanks have been used for tests. 3003. 5052. and 5454 alloys were resistant to
measured depths of attack have been found no cottonseed oil. See also Ref: (2) p. 872. diacetone alcohol at ambient temperature and at
greater than S mils. Laboratory tests have dem- 54°C (13O’F). See also Ref: (3) p. 121.
onstrated that the volume of concrete in contact CREAM. Aluminum allovs have been used for
with aluminum as well as availability of external ream separators. See also kefz (3) p. 204. (4) pp. 26. DICHLOROACETIC ACID. CHC&COOH. In lim-
moisture have no more than a minor effect on the ICn, (6) p. 11. ited laboratory tests, dichloroacetic acid was co-
performance of aluminum alloys embedded in con- rive to 3003 alloy at 2OVC (400°F). CAUTION: Set
crete. In many applications, aluminum alloys em- XESOL C,H,(OH)(CH,). In laboratory tests, “Halogenated Hydrocarbons.” See also Ret (3)
bedded in concrete are coupled directly or indirectly 1100 alloy was resistant to 1%. 3%. and 100% solu- p. 127.
to reinforcing or structural steel. Laboratory tests tions of cresol at ambient temperature. In other
have shown that aluminum is anodic to steel in con- aboratory tests. ctesol was very corrosive to I I00
DICHMROBENZENE. C&Cl,. In laboratory
crete. Nonetheless. when coupled electrically in the alloy at the boiling point. See also Refz (1) p. 131. (2)
tests, alloys 3003 and 5154 were resistant to dichloro-
laboratory to steel in concrete, aluminum alloys ). 221. (3) p. 116, (7) p. 67.
benzene at 50°C (122°F). Dichkxobenzene has been
have been found less affected than when not cou-
pled as the result of more rapid formation of protec- XESYLIC ACID. A mixture of phenols from coal (continued)
Nonferrous Metals and Alloys 617
handled in aluminum alloy tanks, filters, and heat ESSENTIAL OILS Volatile oils derived from plants ETHYLENE DICHLORIDE. CH2CI CHICI.
exchangers. CAUTION: See “Halogenoted Hydra- and usually taming the esxnt~al odor or flavor of Limited laboratory tests indicate that 3003 alloy was
carbons.” See also Ref: (2) p. 173, (3) p. Ill, (7) p. the plant used. Aluminum alloy equipment has been resistant to dry ethylene dichloride vapor at the boil-
75. used m the preparation. storage. ond trxtsport of er- ing point. The presence of water causes increased
sential oils. See also Ref: (I) p. 131. (2) p. 2%. (3) p, corrosion because of hydrochloric acid formed by hy-
DICYCLOPENTENYL ALCOHOL. In laboratory 239. drolysis. CAUTION: See “Halogenated Hydrocar-
tests, 3003 alloy was resistant to dicyclopentenyl al- bons.” See also Ref: (1) p. 132, (2) p. 268.
cohol at boiling temperature. ESTER GUMS. The glyce~l. methyl and eth!I es-
ten of resin acids. Alummum alk>ys have been used ETHYLENE GLYCOL. HO.CH,.CH,.OH.
DIETHANOLAMINE. HN(CHz CH*OH)*. Lab- for piping ester gums. Laboratory tests have indicated that 3003 alloy was
oratory tests showed that alloy 3003 was resistant to
resistant to ethylene glycol at ambient temperature
diethanolamine at ambient temperature. However, ETHANOLAMINE. H,N.CHl’CH,.OH. Limited and under refluxing and boiling and condensing con-
at the boiling temperaturn and under refluxing con- laboralor) tests under reflusing conditions indicate
ditions. Aluminum alloyequipment has been used in
ditions diethanolamine caused moderare attack. that ethanolamine caused mild attack (-4 mp!) of
the processing of ethylene glycol and for storage
While aluminum alloy heat exchangers have been 3003 alloy. Aluminum alloy heat exchangers have tanks and pressure vessels. Inhibited ethylene glycol-
used to handle diethanolamine solutions, tests under been used for handling a ethanolamine-dieth~lene
water solutions have been used in automotive radia-
the anticipated conditions should be made prior to glycol mixture to remow CO:. H2S. and water from
tors and heat exchangers. Aluminum alloys should
use in service. See also Ref: (3) p. 145. natural gas. Aluminum allo! tanks have been used not be used in applications with stagnant ethylene
to transport ethanolamine. See also Ref: (I) p, 131.
DIETHYL4MlNE. (CJH&NH. Alloy 3003 was re- glycol where very high temperatures are involved
sistant to diethylamine in laboratory tests conducted ETHER. C?H,. 0 C:H,. Laboratory tests indi- [2OPC (392°F) and above]. Violent reactions are
at elevated temperatures of ICPC (212°F) and cated that alloy 3003 uas resistant to ether at both possible under these condirions. See also Ref: (1) p.
204°C (400°F). Aluminum alloy stills and condenser ambient and elevated temperatures. Aluminum pro- 132. (3) pp. 25. 114. (7) p. 89.
tubes have been used in processing and handling di- cessing. handling and degreasing equipment have
ethylamine. See also Ref: (7) pp. 76. 77. been in use. Allo! 356.0 valves have been used for ETHYLENE OXIDE. (CH,j20. Aluminum alloys
handling ether. See also Ref: (2) p, 258, (3) p. 135, have beeh used to produce and handle ethylene ox-
DIETHYLENE GLYCOL. ide. Violent reactions are possible if aluminum chlo-
HO. CH>. CH, .O-CIiZ CH:OH. In laboratory (7) p; 77.
ride and aluminum oxide are present. See also Ref:
tests. 3003 alloy was resistant to diethylene glycol (1) p. 132, (3) p. 135, (7) p. 89.
ETHYL ACETATE. CH, .COO.C,H,. In labora-
under refluxing conditions. See also Ref: (3) pp. 25.
tot tests. alloy 3003 was resistant to ethyl acetate
135. (7) pp. 76, 77. ETHYL FORMATE. HCOO.C,H,. In laboratory
and its condensing vapors. Aluminum alloy heat ex-
n-DIMETHYL FORMAMIDE. HCON(CH,)x. In changers. tank cars, etc.. have been used for handl- tests, alloy 3003 was resistant to erhyl formate at am-
laboratory tests, 3003 alloy was resistant to dimerhyl ing ethyl acetate. See also Ref: (I) p. 132. (2) p. 2bO. bient temperature and at the boiling temperature. In
formamide at ambient temperature and at the boil- (31 p. 136. (7) p. 85. other laboratory tests. 3003 alloy was resistant to
ing point. Dimethyl formamide has been handled in ethyl formate ascondensingvapors. See also, Ref: (1)
aluminum alloy tanks. piping, heat exchangers. and p. 132. (2) p. 136, (7) p. 91.
ETHYL ALCOHOL. CIHIOH. In laboratop tests.
distillation towers. See also Ref: (3) p. 147, (7) p. 81. alloy 3003 was resistant to commercial (95%) ethyl
alcohol and its aqueous solutions. In other labora- ETHYL LACTATE. CH,CH(OH)COOC,Hs. In
UNS-DIMETHYlBYDRAZlNE (CH,),NNHz. In ton tests, anhydrous ethyl alcohol was corrosive to laboratory tests at ambient temperature. alloy 6053
laboratory tests, alloys I 100, 3003 and SO52 were re- aluminum alloys. Aluminum alloys have been used was resistant to ethyl lactate. See also Ref: (I) p. 132,
sistant to uns-dimethylhydrazine when exposed at commercially for stills, hear exchangers, drums. (3) p. 137.
30°C (86°F) and 63°C (145°F). Dimethylhydrazine tanks, and piping in the processing of ethyl alcohol
has been stored in aluminum alby containers. See and products employing ethyl alcohol in their manu- ETHYL PROPIONATE. CH,CH, COOGH,. In
also Ref: (7) pp. 80. 81. facture See also Ref: (1) p. 132. (2) p. 28, (3) pp. 23, limited laboratory tests, alloy 3003 was resistant to
112. (4) pp. 93. 97, 142. (7) p. ES. ethyl pmpionate under boiling and condensing con-
DIMETHYL SULFATE. (CH,),SO,. Dimethyl sul- ditions. Aluminum alloy stills and condenser tubes
fate has been stored in aluminum alloy containers. have been used in the production of ethyl propionate.
See also Ref: (2) p. 233. a-ETHYL4NUINE C:H,NHC,H,. In laboratory See also Ref: (7) pp. 90, 91.
tens. alloy 3003 was resistant to n-ethylaniline at the
boiling temperature and under reflilsing conditions. EUCALYPTUS OIL. A volatile oil containing eu-
DIMETHYL TEREPHTHALATE.
Erhylaniline has been stored in aluminum alloy calyptol: vale& butyric. etc., aldehydcs: d-pinene.
C,H,(COOCH,,)I. Aluminum alloy containen have
containers. Aluminum alloys have been used for handling euca-
been used for handling dimethyl terephthalate.
lyptus oil. See also Ref: (1) p. 132.
DIOCTYL PHTHALATE. ETHYLBENZENE. C,Hs. CIH,. In laboratory
C&I,(COOCHzCH(C~Hs)C,H&. Aluminum alloy tests, alloy 3003 was resistant to ethylbenzene af the EUGENOL. C,,H,IOz. Aluminum alloy drums
tanks have been used to store dioctyl phthalate. See boiling temperature and at 204°C (4CPF). Ethyl- have been used to store and transport eugend.
also Ref: (7) p. 81. benzene has been handled in aluminum alloy heat
exchangers. See also Ref: (2) p. 263, (3) p. 104, (7)
DIPHENn C,Hs.C,Hs. Aluminum alloy equip p. 87.
ment has been used to handle diphenyl. See also Rel: F
(2) p. 247. (3) p. 104. (7) p. 81. ETHYLBUTYL ACETYLBICMOLEATE. Alu-
minum alloy equipment has been used to produce FATS. Aluminum alloy equipment has been used to
DYES. Aluminum alloy equipment has been used in and handle ethylbutyl acetyhicinoleate. handle fats. See also Ref: (1) p. 132. (2) p. 271. (3) p.
some manufactuting processes for dyes in some dye- 198, (4) pp. 72, 78, (u, 84, 99. 100, 109. (7) p. 93.
ing processes for dye kettles. dye sticks and drying ETHYL BUTYBATE. CH,.CHz.CH>.COOC,H,.
pans. See also Ref: (I) p. 131. (2) p. 212, (3) pp. 10% In laboratory tests, ethyl butyrate caused mild attack FATTY ACIDS. RCOOH. Laboratory tests have
119, 121. 132, 144. 145, 146. 23.5. (4)~. 73. shown that fatty acids cause mild attack of 1 IGil alloy
(- 2 mpy) of 3003 alloy under boiling and condens- at ambient temperature. Anhydrous fatty acids were
ing conditions and under refluxing conditions. Alu-
DYNAMITE. An explosive mixture containing nit- found to be very corrosive to aluminum alloys at the
minum alloy equipment has been used in the produc-
roglycerin with other substances both inert and ac- boiling point in other laboratory tests. Aluminum al-
tion and handling of ethyl butyrate. See also Ref: (I)
tive. Aluminum alloys have been used for parts in loy storage tanks. separators. settling and receiving
p. 132, (3) p. 137, (7) p. 87.
dynamite packing machines and for dynamite driers tanks, condensers, vapor lines, and steam trace lines
and mixers. See also Ref: (I) p. 131. (3) p. I IS. have been used to process and handle fatty acids and
ETHYLENE. CH,:CHI. Ethylene has been handled fatty acid derivatives. See also Ref: (1) p. 132, (2) p.
in aluminum alloy heat exchangers and tanks. See 274, (3) pp. 125, 127, (4) pp. 25. 100, (7) p. 93.
also Ref: (3) p. 103, (7) p. 87.
E FERRIC CHLORIDE. FeCIJ.6HI0. Solid ferric
chloride was very corrosive (244 mpy) to 3003 alloy in
EGGS. Aluminum alloy equipment has been tised ETHYLENEDIAMINE. NHz.CHI.CH,.NHz. In
laboratory tests conducted under conditions of loO’%
for the preparation and dessicarion of egg powder. limited laboratory tests, 3003 alloy was resistant to
relative humidity at ambient temperatom. Also in
Aluminum alloy trays have been used for drying egg ethylenediamine al 100°C (212°F) and 204’C laboratory tests, aqueous solutions of ferric chloride
whites. Seealso Ref: (1)~. 131. (3, p. 198. (4)~. IIS. (400°F). See also Ref: (1) p. 132. (3) p. 145, (5) p. 9.
(6)pp. 8. II. (7) p. 89. (continued)
618 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
were very corrosive to aluminum alloys. See also Ref: FLY ASH. Laboratory tests have shown that alloy FUDGE. In laboratory tests, alloy 3003 was resistant
(I) p. 132. (2) p. 288, (3) p. 84, (7) p. 93. 3003 is resistant to dry fly ash at ambient tempera- to fudge at ambient temperature and 62’C (143OF).
ture. The results of similar tests showed that wet fly Milk chocolate fudge has been processed in
FERRIC OXIDE. FQO,. Alloys 3003 and 5154 ash caused variable results depending upon the com- aluminum alloy equipment. See also Ref: (6) p. 12.
were resistant to solid ferric oxide in laboratory tests position of the fly ash. particularly the pH. chloride
conducted under conditions of 100% relative humid- content and heavy metal content. Tests should be FUEL OIL. Fuel oil has been stored and trans-
ity at ambient temperature. See also Ref: (1) p. 132. conducted prior to using aluminum alloys in applica- ported in aluminum alloy equipment. See also Ref:
tions involving contact with fly ash. (I) p. 133. (3) p. 220.
FERROUS SULFATE. FeS0,.7Hz0. Alloy 3003
was resistant to solid ferrous sulfate while 5154 alloy FOOD. (SEE SPECIFIC FOODS). The use of FUELS, MISSILE. United States Defense Research
suffered mild attack ( - 4 mpy) in laboratory tests aluminum alloy cooking utensils has been universal reports that aluminum is resistant to many oxidizers
under conditions of 100% relative humidity at am- for the preparation and cooking of foods. See also and fuels used as missile propellants. Aluminum
bient temperature. In other laboratory tests at ambi- Ref: (3) p. 197. alloys are used with chlorine trifluoride. ethylene ox-
ent temperature. aqueous solutions (O.COOl-10%) ide, fluorine. hydrazine. unsymmetrical dimethyl
caused mild attack ( - 3 mpy) of 1100 alloy. Alumi- FORMALDEHYDE GAS. HCHO. Aluminum alloy hydrarine. hydrogen peroxide. liquid oxygen. nitro-
num spray tanks and alloy A356.0 valves have been equipment has been used for distillation. storage, gen tetroxide tO.l% or IeCs moisture). fuming nitric
used with ferrous sulfate solutions. At elevated tem- and shipment of formaldehyde. Alloy 356.0 valves acid, n-propyl nitrate, liquid nitrogen. alkyl bor-
perature. ferrous sulfate oxidizes to ferric sulfate have been used for handling formaldehyde. See also anes. perchloryl fluoride (anhydrous) and liquid hy-
which is aggressive to aluminum alloys. See also Ref: Ref: (1) p. 133. (2) p. 307. (3) p. 119. (4) pp. 73, 86, drogen. Ref: Titan 11 Storable Propellant Hand-
(I) p. 133, (2) p. 291, (3) p. 84. (7) p. 93. 97, (7) p. 95. book-Bell Aerospace Company. New York. Report
No. 81 II-933003
FERTILIZERS. In laboratory tests. the corrosive ef- FORh¶ALIN. A solution of formaldehyde gas in
fects of fertilizers on aluminum alloys vary greatly water usually with methanol added. Laboratory tests FURFURAL.. C,H,O?. In laboratory tests. alloy
with some being compatible and others very corm- at ambient temperature and at 38°C (100°F) indi- 3003 was resistant to solutions of furfural at ambient
swe. Generally the solid and liquid nitrogen fertiliz- cated that 1100. 3003 and 5052 alloys were resistant temperature and 200°C t392’F). Aluminum storage
em have been the least corrosive while the complete to 19% solution of formalin. At boiling conditions. tanks, evaporators. condensers. valves and pumps
mix neutral fertilizers have been the most corrosive. formalin (37% solution) caused substantial pitting have been used to handle gasoline-furfural mixtures.
Aluminum alloy equipment has been used in the corrosion. Chlorides and copper salts increase pit- Aluminum bubble caps. trays and heat exchangers
manufacture and handling of the nitrogen fertilizers. ting in formalin solutions. Aluminum alloy piping. have been used uhere furfural is used as the selective
See also Ref: (3) p. 64. storage tanks, drums and tank trucks have been used wlvent. Pure furfural for pharmaceuticals has been
for handling formalin solutions. See also Ref: (1)P. stored in aluminum. ,Alloy 3jb.O valves have been
FLSB. Laboratory tests have shown that alloys 1100 133, (3) p. 119, (7) p. 95. used for handling furfural. See also Ref: (I) p. 133.
and 3003 are resistant to most fish products at am- I?) p. 325. (3) p. 148. (-1 p. 95.
bient temperature. Aluminum alloys have been MRMAMIDE. H. CO. NH,. Alloy 1100 was resis-
G
widely used in the construction of fish holds and lin- tant to aqueous solutions of formamide (LO-100%)
ings of fishing vessels, fish boxes, trays, smoke racks, at ambient temperature and at 50°C (122°F) in lab-
and tables. Many fsh products can be preserved in oratory tests. Similar solutions (greater than 10%) at
either protected or unprotected aluminum alloy con- the boiling temperatures were very corrosive. See also
tainers. See also Ref: (1) p. 133. (3) pp. 198, 207. Ref: (3) pp. 143. 147. (7) p. 95. GASOLINE. A minure of C, to C,! hydrocarbons:
208, (4) pp. 72. 78. (6) p. 12. also paraffins, olefins. naphthenes. and aromatics:
FORMIC ACID. HCOOH. Solutions of formic traces of tetraethyl lead. ethylene dibromide or
FLOUR. Aluminum equipment has been used in acid caused mild attack of 1100 alloy in laboratory dichlonde and proprietary additives. Laboratory
milling and handling flour. See also Ref: (3) p. 203, tests at ambient temperature. In laboratory tests at tests have shown that aluminum alloys including
(6) p. IO. 50°C (122°F). the formic acid was corrosive, and at 3003 were resistant to gasoline at room temperature.
the boiling tempertore. formic acid was very CORO- Thev tests also showed that the sump water in gam
FLUE GASES. The corrosivity of flue gases to alu- sive. Aluminum is not recommended for use with for- line tanks can be corrosive because of the accumula-
minum alloys depends on the sulfur content of the mic acid except in special cases. See tion of halogen and lead compounds. Gasoline has
fuel being burned and if condensation is present. also Ref: (1) p. 133. (2) p. 315. (3) pp. 22. 124, 125. been handled in aluminum alloy drums and tanks.
The sulfur content of fuels increases in the following 227. (7) p. 95. Aircraft fuel tanks have been fabricated from alumi-
order: processed natural gas. fuel oil. hard coal. soft num alloys. Alloys 3003, Alclad 3003, 5052, 6061,
coal. Aluminum alloys have been widely used for flue and A356.0 have been used with gasoline. See also
FREON*. Agroupof halogenated hydwarbons used
linings and vent pipes serving domestic gas-fired ap- Ref: (1) p. 133.
as refrigerants, propellants. blowing agents, fire ex-
pliances and has been specified by many gas compan-
tinguishing agents, and solvents. Laboratory tests
ies and public utilities. Aluminum alloy flue liners GELATIN. Gelatins are handled extensively in alu-
have shown that 1100 alloy is resistant to most dry
have been widely used for house chimneys. Gener- minum alloy equipment. Aluminum vats are used to
Freons at elevated temperature 200°C (392°F). In
ally, aluminum alloys will suffer some corrosion if digest pork skins. calf skins, and animal bones at
similar laboratory tests, the presence of moisture
condensation is present in the flue. See also Ref: (1) 66OC (150°F) using dilute solutions of H&V,. HCI,
permitted hydrolysis of the Freons and subsequent
p. 133. HNO,, H,SO,. or SOS depending on the final pH re-
corrosion of the aluminum. Aluminum alloy refriger-
quirementsof thegelatin (pH range 3-7). Aluminum
ation and air conditioning equipment has been used
FLUOPHOSPHORK ACIDS. alloys have also been used in evaporators, piping.
with Freons. See also Ref: (1) p. 133. (2) p. 239. (3) p.
H,PO,F(or (HOhF’OF); HPOlF, (or HOPOF>); HPF,. tubing. tanks, pumps, drying tunnels. and convey
Aluminum alloy reactors and tanks have been used 107, (7) pp. 58, 60. 74.
lR.sllleRd TradeMlrk. ors. Aluminun is one of the few metals in which edi-
in the manufacture and handling of fluophosphoric ble gelatin can be produced to meet requirements of
acids. See alw, Ref: (3) p. 37. the Pure Food and Drug Law. It is not recommended
FRUIT. Some of the acids in fruits have been found as containers for finished gelatin solutions unless
FLUORINATED HYDROCARBONS. Fluorinated to be corrosive to aluminum alloys in laboratop tests. protected because of the presence of salt. See also
hydrocarbons are the most stable halogenated hydro- Because of the presence of denrose. proteins and Ref: (1) p. 133. (2) p. 328. (3) p. 210. (4) pp. 48. 73.
carbons and the most compatible with aluminum pectin in fruit. the corrosive action is inhibited in 84. 100. (6) pp. 10. (7) p. 97.
alloys. They have been used as propellants and re- many cases. Protected aluminum alloys have been
frigerants in contact with aluminum alloys in many used for canning fruit and foil has been used for GLASS WOOL. Fine filamentsof glass intermingled
applications. See “Freon” and “Ha&mated Hydra- wrapping and containers. See also Ref: (1) p. 133, (3) like wool. In laboratory tests, 3003 alloy was resistant
carbons.” p. 208, (4) pp. 72. 79. 80, 81. (6) p. 10. to all dry glass wools, but when wet in 100% relative
humidity environments. soft glass wools were corm-
FLUORINE. F. In laboratory tests, II00 alloy was FRUIT JUICES. (See also Citrus Fruit Juices). sive whereas, 3003 alloy was resistant to hard glass
resistant to fluorine at temperatures up to 4SO”C Fruit juices are processed and handled in aluminum (borosilicate type) wools. The binders used in glass
(842°F). In the presence of moisture. hydmfluoric equipment. Orange squeezers have been made of wools may be corrosive to aluminum alloys in some
acid is formed which corrodes aluminum alloys. Dry aluminum alloys. Fmzen juice cans have aluminum cases. Glass wool has been used to insulate many alu-
fluorine gas has been handled in aluminum alloy alloy ends. Fruit juices are generally less corrosive to minum alloy products. See also Ref: (10) pp. 29, 108.
equipment. A durable protective coating is formed aluminum alloys than are the corresponding fruit
on the aluminum surfaces contacting the gas. See acids. See also Ref: (1) p. 133, (2) p. 321. (3) pp. 131. GLUCONIC ACID. CIIHIzO,. Laboratory tests indi-
also Ref: (I) p. 133. (2) p. 297, (3) p. 35, (7) p. 95. 201. (4) pp. 88. 89. 90. (6) p. 10, (7) p. 95. (continued)
Nonferrous Metals and Alloys 619
H
cated that 1100 alloy was resistant to 10% solutions for covering on lighter than air ships. See also Ref: (1)
of gluconic acid at ambient temperature. Increase in p. 134. (3) p. 35.
temperature resulted in substantially increased cor-
rosion Aluminum alloy equipment has HEPTYL ALDEHYDE. CH,(CHI)S’CHO. Alumi-
been used to produce gluconic acid from sugars by HALOGENATED HYDROCARBONS. Aluminum num alloy separators. rectifier tanks. and storage
the fermentation process. Neutralization of gluconic alloys are usually resistant to pure halogenated hy- tanks have been used with both crude and refined
acid to produce calcium gluconate is carried out in drocarbons and other organic chemicals containing heptyl aldehyde. See also Ref: (3) p. 120. (7) p. 99.
aluminum alloy equipment. See also Ref: (1) p. 133. halogens under most conditions particularly at room
(2) p. 332. (3) p. 129. (7) p. 97. temperature or lower. Under certain conditions some n-HEX&NE. CH,.(CH2),CHI. Aluminum alloy heat
of these hydrocarbons may produce a rapid rate of exchangers have been used with n-hexane. See also
corrosion of aluminum or a violent reaction. Hence, Ref: (7) pp. 98, 99.
GLUCOSE. C,H,>Oe H20. Glucose solutions have
the service conditions to insure safety should be rec-
been stored in alloy 6061 tanks. Alloy 356.0 valves
ognized or established before aluminum alloys are HONEY. Contains mainly levulose and dextrose;
habe been used for handling glucose solutions. See
used with any halogenated hydrocarbon. some sucrose. wax. pollen. and other organic matter.
also Ref: (I) p. 133. (3) p. 12.3.
Halogenated hydrocarbons may decompose by hy Aluminum alloy equipment has been used for pas-
dmlysis if water is present or by other processes to teurizing honey. Honey has been packed in alumi-
GLUE. Originally an impure form of gelatin. In yield mineral acids such as hydrochloric acid. These num containers. See also Ref: (I) p. 134, (3) p. 203,
more modem times, glue is one of many types of ad- acids corrode aluminum alloys because they destroy (6) p. 10.
hesives uxd for bonding. In laboratory tests, most the protective surface oxide fdm naturally present
adhesives were found to be either innocuous or pm- that provides inherent resistance to corrosion. Cor- HYDRAZINE. H2NNHI. In laboratory tests, hydra-
rectne to aluminum alloys. Houever. exceptions msion of aluminum alloys by these acids may also zinc caused mild attack of 3oQ3 and 5154 alloys at
\rere found and included the alkaline water base promote reactions of the hydrocarbons themselves ambient temperature. The action of hydrazine on
latex adhesives, acetic anhydride adhesives, and hecause aluminum halides formed bv corrosion are aluminum alloys is increased by the presence of mois-
adhesives that have been made electrically conduc- catalysts for some of these reactions (e.g. AICI, for a turn resulting in hydrolysis. See also Ref: (1) p. 134,
tive by the addition of copper, silver. or carbon. Such Fried&Crafts reaction). In some instances. alumi- (2) p. 353. (3) p. 44, (7) p. 101.
adhesives ihould be used with caution and with the num alkyls may be produced. Because of the rapid
knowledge that corrosion could develop. Adhesives rate of evolution of heat, corrosion of aluminum and HYDROARIETYL ALCOHOL. C,&CH,OH.
are used with aluminum alloys in many applications. reaction of a halogenated hydrocarbon. once initi- Aluminum alloys have been used for piping, full flow
See also Ref: (1) p. 133, (3) pp. 124. 199.231.2.33. (4) ated, may tend to become autocatalytic. filters, final condensers, and steam heated storage
pp. 107. 11.5. R. L. Patrick, Editor. “Treatise of The reactivity of aluminum alloys with halogen- tanks in the production of hydmabietyl alcohol. See
Adhesion and Adhesives,” Vol. 111. Marcel Dekker. ated hydrocarbons decreases generally in the order of also Ref: (3) p. 115. (7) p. 101.
New York, 1973. increasing chemical stability of these hydrocarbons,
which may be established precisely by themwdy
HYDROCARBONS. Organic compounds contain-
namic data whenever these data are available, or
GLYCERIN. CH,OH.CHOH.CH,OH. Labora- ing hydrogen and carbon. In laboratory tests. alloy
qualitatively by the structural formulas of the hydra-
tory tests indicate that alloy 3003 is resistant to gly 1 I00 and 3003 were resistant to most hydrocarbons.
carbons and by the halogens they contain. Thus. alu-
cerin solutions at ambient and boiling temperatures. Aluminum alloys have been used to piping, pumps,
minum is most resistant to hydrocarbons halogen-
Aluminum alloys have been used for still,. condens- valves, impellers. condensers, *eat exchangers,
atsd with fluorine followed in order of decreasing
ers. heat exchangers, storage tanks, and tank cars for ducts, fan and blowers. storage tanks, and shipping
resistance to those with chlorine. bromine and io-
handling glycerin. Alloy 356.0 valves have also been containers for handling hydrocarbons. See also Ref:
dine. It is also resistant to highly polymerized halo-
used. See also Ref: (1) p. 133. (2) p. 337. (3) pp. 115. (3) p. 101.
genated hydrocarbons. reflecting the high degree of
240. (7) p. 97. chemical stability of these materials.
The behavior of aluminum alloys in a mixture of HYDROCHLORIC ACID. HCI. Aluminum is car-
GLYCEROPHOSPHATE. H,O,I’OCH~~CHOH~ halogenated hydrocarbons. or mixtunzs of these hy- roded by hydrochloric acid. The rate of attack in-
CH@H. Glycerophosphate has been shipped in ah- drocarbons with other organic compounds cannot be creases with acid concentration and temperature.
predicted fmm its behavior with each of the compo. Metal purity plays a significant role in the degree of
minum alloy containers. See also Ref: (3) p. 137.
nents. Some mixtures (e.g. of methyl alcohol and car- attack by hydrochloric acid. In-
bon tetrachloride) produce rapid corrosion of some creasing purity of the aluminum decreases the rate of
GLYCOLIC ACLD. HOCH&OOH (Hydmxyacetic attack by hydrochloric acid significantly. Inhibitors
aluminum alloys at ambient temperature even
Acid). In laboratoty tests, glycolic acid was corrosive can be effective in reducing the corrosive effects of
though the components alone do not.
to 3003 and SlS4 alloys at IO0”C (212’). Glycolic hydrochloric acid, particularly in dilute (< 10%) so-
The resistance of aluminum alloys to halogenated
acid solutions have been stored and shipped in alu- lutions. Such inhibited acid has been used to clean
hydrocarbons tends to decrease as the temperature is
minum alloy containers. See also Ref: (1) p. 133. (3) aluminum equipment and containers. See alw, Ref:
raised and the rate of corrosion in many liquid halw
p. 129, (7) p. 105. (1) p. 134, (2) p. 359. (3) pp. 22.37. 244, (4) pp. 15,
genated hydrocarbons remains low until the boiling
point is reached; in some, it is low or non-existent 16, 17. 27, 29. 30. 31. 34. 73. 74, 97, 127, (7) p. 101.
GRAPEFRUIT JUICE. Laboratory tests indicated even at this temperature. Other factors that affect R-
that 1100 alloy was resistant to grapefruit juice at am- sistance include the presence of an inhibitor and the HYDROCYANIC ACID. HCN. In laboratory’ tests,
bient and refrigerated temperatures (see Fruit and purity of a halogenated hydrocarbon; amines or vari- alloys 3003. 5052. and 6053 were resinant to a 77%
Fruit Juices). See also Ref: (4) p. 90, (6) p. 10. ous heterocyclic compounds have been effectively solution of hydmcyanic acid at ambient temperature.
used as inhibitors in certain cases. Hydrocyanic acid has been processed in aluminum
GRAPE JUICE. In laboratory tests. unfermented Aluminum in a finely divided form, as in a powder, distillation towers. reflux condensers, final condens-
grape juice caused mild attack (2 mpy) of llC0,3003. should not be exposed to a halogen&d hydrocarbon. ers. adsorption towen. heat exchangers. tankage,
and 3004 alloys at room temperature. Aluminum al- The likelihood of creating a violent reaction that may shipping drums, and piping. See also Ref: (1) p. 134.
loy equipment has been used for harvesting grapes lead to an explosion is increased when aluminum (2) p. 368, (3) p. 51. (7) p. 101.
and grape juice has been transported in aluminum with a large surface area is exposed to a small volume
alloy tank cars (see Fruit and Fruit Juices). See also of a halogenated hydrocarbon, and even more so HYDROFLUORIC ACID. HF. Aluminum alloys
Ref: (4) pp. 88, 91. (6) p. IO. when this operation is carried out under pressure. are corroded by hydrofluoric acid. With most alloys,
Specific entries in this book for fluorinated hydrocar- the action is uniform and imparts a bright silvery ap-
bons such as Freons and inhibited halogenated hy- pearance. This acid has been used as an etchant on
GRAPHlTE. Alloys 3003. SIM and 6061 were resis- drocarbons such as solvents for degreasing illustrate aluminum in preparing decorative patterns. See also
tant to solid graphite in laboratory tests under condi-
applications with halogenated hydrocarbons. Rrf: (I) p. 134. (2) p. 372. (3) p. 36, (4) p. 86. (7) pp.
tions of 100% relative humidity at ambient tempera-
In summary, the service conditions to insure safety 101, 103.
ture and 54°C (130“F). Other laboratory tests have
should be recognized or established before alumi-
shown that “graphite smears” on aluminum are car- HYDROGEN. Hz. Aluminum alloy equipment has
num alloys are used with any halogenated hydrocar-
msive because of galvanic corrosion of the aluminum. been used to produce and to store hydrogen. See also
bon. With respect to aluminum and a specific halo-
See also Ref: (3) p. 50, (5) p. 13. Ref: (2) p. 379. (3) p. 35. (7) p. 103.
genated hydrocarbon under specific conditions.
aluminum producers may be able to submit useful
GUM ARABIC. A dried gummy exudation from the data. HYDROGEN CHLORJDE GAS. HCI (SEE HY-
stems and branches of Acacia. Aluminum alloy con- DROCHLORIC ACID). Aluminum alloys are COT-
tainers have been used for storing gum arabic solu- HELIUM. He. Aluminum alloys have been used for
tions. See also Ref: (1) p. 134, (3) p. 226. heat exchangers in the manufacture of helium and (continued)
620 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
mded by hydrogen chloride gas. The reaction be- [RON SULFIDE, FeS. Dly iron sulfide has been 80%) caused mild attack ( - 3 mpy) of 3003 alloy. At
comes more rapid as temperature is increased. Alu- shipped in aluminum alloy containers. In laboratory 100°C (212’F). aqueous solution of lactic acid was
minum equipment has been used with dry hydrogen tests, iron sulfide accelerated corrosion of contacting vety corrosive with the maximum attack occurring at
chloride gas at 288’C (SW’F). See also Ref: (2) p. aluminum alloys as the result of galvanic action. See about 5% concentration. See also Ref: (1) p. 135, (2)
383. (3) p. 36, (7) p. 103. also Ref: (3) p. 84. p. 417, (3) pp. 22, 129. (4) pp. 25. 26. 28. 29.30.31.
62. 92. 97. 102. (7) p. 111.
HYDROGEN CYANIDE GAS. HCN (SEE ALSO ISOAMYL ACETATE.
HYDROCYANIC ACID. In laboratory tests, alloy LARD OIL. Lard oil has been handled in aluminum
(CH,‘COO .CH,. CH*CH(CH,),. Laboratory tests
3003 was resistant to hydrogen cyanide gas at am- alloy equipment. See also Ref: (6) p. 12.
showed that 3003 and 5052 alloys were resistant to
bient temperature. Aluminum alloy heat exchang- isoamyl acetate at temperatures up to and including
ers. reactor towers, tanks. and piping have been used the boiling temperature. See also Ref: (3) p. 136. (7) LATEX. Principally isoprene polymers. In labora-
in the manufacture of hydrogen cyanide gas. See also tory tests, latex with pH 10 caused mild attack of
p. 107.
ReI: (2) p. 368, (3) p. 51. 3003 alloy at ambient temperature. Aluminum alloy
ISOAMYL ALCOHOL. (CH,)lCHCHICHzOH. tanks and steam-jacketed kettles have been used in
HYDROGEN PEROXIDE. H,Oz. In laboratory Laboratory tests indicated that alloy 5154 was resis- storing and processing latex. Aluminum alloy cups
tests, alloys lC60. 5OS2 and 6063 were resistant to tant to 85% isoamyl alcohol at 93’C (2OOOF). See have been used for collecting latex from rubber trees.
chloride free hydrogen peroxide at ambient tempera- also Ref: (3) p. 113. See also Ref: (3) pp. 103. 125, 227.
ture. Aluminum alloy distillation towers, heat ex-
changers, storage tanks. piping. tank cars and ship- ISOBUTYL ACETATE. LEAD ACETATE. Pb(C2H,0&.3Hz0. Solid lead
ping drums have been used with hydrogen peroxide. CH, COO. CHz. CH(CH&. Aluminum alloy tank acetate caused mild attack ( -4 mpy) of alloys 3003.
Alloy 1060 has been preferred for long term storage, cars have been used to transport isobutyl acetate. See 5154 and 6061 at ambient temperature. but was car-
whereas, the SXXX series alloys often have been used also Ref: (7) p. 107. rosive to the same alloys at WY (130°F) in labora-
for short term storage. Alloy 6063 has been used for tory tests conducted under conditions of 100% rela-
piping. See also Ref: (I) p. 134. (2) p. 391. (3) pp. 39, ISOBUTYL ALCOHOL. (CH,)$H.CH,.OH. tive humidity. In other laboratory tests. alloy 3003
234. (4) p. 55. (7) p. 103. Limited laboratory tests indicated that 3003 alloy was resistant to 0.1% aqueous solution of lead ace-
was resistant to isobutyl alcohol at ambient tempera- tate, while 1.0% and 10% solutions were corrosive at
HYDROGEN SULFIDE. H,S. In laboratory tests, ture, but is corrosive ( - 18 mpy) at elevated tempera- ambient temperature. See also Ref: (1) p. 135. (3) p.
aqueous solutions of hydrogen sulfide and hydrogen ture 204’C (4OO’F). See also Ref: (3) p. 113. 81, (7) p. 111.
sulfide gas caused mild attack ( - 2 mpy) of alloys
II00 and 3003 at ambient temperature. Aluminum ISOBUTYRIC ACID. (CH,), CH.COOH. Isobu- LEAD AZIDE. Pb(N,)> Aluminum alloy trays have
alloy storage tank roofs for sour crude oils, bubble tyric acid has been stored in aluminum alloy tanks been used for drying lead azide at temperatures not
caps. dnd heat exchangers have been used in refinery and handled in aluminum alloy piping. See also Ref: exceeding WC (140°F). See also Ref: (3) p. 81; H.
service handling hydrocarbon liquids and vapors The Corrosion of Light Metals (p. 14) Goddard, Jep- Kast and H. Heid. Z. Angew. Chem. 38; pp. 43-52
containing hydrogen sulfide. See also Ref: (1) p. 134. son, Bothwell and Kane. (1925).
(2) p. 3%. (3) pp. 40. 214. 223. 234, (7) p. 103.
ISOEUGENOL. C,,,H,,02. Isoeugenol has been LEAD MONOXIDE. PbO. Alloys 3003 and 5154
stored and shipped in aluminum alloy containers. were resistant to solid lead monoxide in laboratory
I
See also Ref: (3) p. 118. tests conducted under conditions of 100% relative
humidity at ambient temperature. See also Ref: (1)
ISOOCTMOIC ACID. (CH,)zCH(CH1),COOH. p. 135.
Aluminum alloy containers have been used for stor-
ICE. Aluminum alloy equipment has been used in age and handling of isooctanoic acid. LEAD NITRATE. Pb(NO,)z. Solid lead nitrate was
the manufacture of w and for refrigeration units. very corrosive (more than 50 mpy) to 3003. 5lS4 and
See also Ref: (3) p. 28. (4) p, 49. ISOPROPYL ALCOHOL. CH,CHOHCH,. Labora- 6C61 alloys in laboratory tests under conditions of
tory tests showed that alloy 3003 was resistant to iso- 100~0 relative humidity at ambient remperature. See
ICE CREAM. Aluminum alloy trays. molds, pans propyl alcohol at IWC (212°F) and 204’C (4W’F). also Rrf: (31 p. 81. (7) p. 113.
.md freezer components hake been used to handle ice See also Ref: (1) p. 135. (3) p. 113. (7) p. 109.
cream. See also Ref: (4) pp. 102. I IS. (6) p, I I. LEAD OXIDE. Pb,O,. Alloys 3003.5154 and 6061
ITACONIC ACID. CH,C(COOH)CH&OOH. were resistant to solid lead oxide in laboratory tests
INK. Laboratory tests have indicated that inks vary Aluminum alloy pans have been used in the pmcess- under conditions of 100% relative humidity at am-
widely in their corrosivity to aluminum alloys. Gener- ing of itaconic acid. bient temperature and at 54’C (13OOF). Priming
ally. writing inks have been found to be corrosive, paints containing lead should not be used on alumi-
while marking inks are not. However, in view of the num alloys because of the possibility of accelerated
K
wide variability. it is desirable to conduct prelimi- corrosion. See also Ref: (3) p. 238.
nary tests to establish the suitability of aluminum
alloys Hith a particular ink. Aluminum alloy tanks LEAD TETRAJ?THYL. Pb(CzHs),. Laboratory
have been used for transporting printing ink. See tests showed that 3003 alloy was resistant to gasoline
also Ref: (I) p. 134, (3) p. 199. 238. KEROSENE. Kerosene has been processed and containing lead tetraethyl at ambient temperature.
handled in aluminum alloy equipment. Aluminum Aluminum alloy tank trucks and aircraft gasoline
(NVERT SUGAR. A mixture of about 50% dex- alloys have also been used for vapor degreasing tanks have been used to handle leaded gasoline. In
trose and 50% levulose obtained by hydrolysis of su- equipment. See also Ref: (1) p. 135. (3) pp. 218, 219. the presence of a separated water phase. some by
crose. Aluminum alloy piping and tanks have been products of the lead tetraethyl, such as lead bromide.
used to handle invert sugar. KIPPERS. Kippers have been packed in aluminum accumulate in the water and cause corrosion. See
alloy cans. See also Ref: (4) pp. 106, 108. (6) p. 12. also Ref: (1) p. 135. (3) p. 218.
IODINE. I> In laboratory tests, alcohol solutions of
LEATHER. Aluminum alloy equipment has been
L
iodine were comxive to aluminum alloys. See also
Ref: (1) p. 134, (2) p. 406. (3) p. 36. (7) p. 107. used in handling leather. See also Ref: (9) pp. 42.43.
LIME JUICE. Laboratory tests showed that alloys MAGNESIUM NITRATE. Mg(NO& .6 H>O. MERCURY. Hg. The actwn of metallic mercury on
3003. 5052 and 5086 were resistant to lime juice at Alloys 3003. 515-I and 6061 were resistant to solid aluminum is unique. It rends I” amalgamate with
ambient and refrigerated temperatures. See also magnesium nitrate at ambient temperature but suf. aluminum to produce 3 surface that corrodes at an
Ref: (6) p. IO. fered mild attack ( - 2 mpy) at 54°C (130°F) in labo- extraordinarv rate in the presence of moisture uith
ratory tests conducted under conditions of 100% the production of voluminous columnar corrosion
LIME MORTAR. Contains hydrated lime, sand. relative humidity. In other laboratory tests, 3003 products. When that reaction is rtarted. the rxe of
Portland cement. coloring. During the period when alloy was resistant to I%, 5% and 10% solutions at corrosion is dependent upon reletne humidity. When
mortar is liquid. aluminum alloys show etching ambient temperature. See also Ref: (I) p. 136. (3) p. dry. metallic mercury reacts onl! nlth difficulty be-
which ceases when the mortar dries because of the 75, (7) p. 117. cause of the oxide film on the aluminum surface.
formation of a protective film. It is good engineering Traces of acidity or halides on the surfax dive rire 10
practice to protect aluminum alloys contacting mor- MAGNESIUM OXIDE. MgO. Alloys 3003. 5154 raped attack. Solutions containing mercu~ ions tend
tar in a faying surface to minimize crevice corrosion. and 6061 were resistant to solid magnesium oxide in to cause rapid pitting of aluminum alloys because of
See also Ref: (1) p. 129. (2) p. 161. (3) p. 72. laboratory tests conducted under conditions of 100% plating out of mercury in localized areas. Mercury
relative humidity at ambient temperature and at can be removed from aluminum wrf~es by treat-
LIMESTONE. CaCO,. .Aluminum alloy equipment 54’C (130°F). See also Ref: (3) pp. 72. 230. ment uith -0% nitric acid. Mercury can be distilled
has been used in handling limestone. Aluminum away from 3” aluminum curf~e by trentmenr uirh
alloy building products have been used in contact steam or hot a,r. See also Rrf: (I) p. 136. 12) p. 440.
MAGNESIUM SILICATE. MgSiO,. Alloys 3003.
with limestone. See also Ref: (3) p. 76. (3) p. 80.
5154 and 6061 were resistant to solid magnesium sili-
cate in laboratory tests conducted under conditions MERCURY SALTS. In laboratory tests. aqueous
LINSEED OIL.. Contains glycerides of linoleic, of 100% relative humidity at ambient temperature solurions of mercury salts uere \ery corrosive to alu-
oleic. stearic. palmitlc and myrinic acids. In labora- and at 54°C (130°F). See also Ref: (3) p. 76. minum alloys. See also Ref: (1) p. 136. (2) p. 444. (3)
tory tests, alloy 3003 was resistant to linseed oil at
pp. <SO.132. 238.
300. 350 and 380°C (572, 662. and 716OF). In the
same tests, linseed oil vapors at these temperatures MAGNESIUM SULFATE. MgSO,. 7H,O. In lim-
were corrosive to 3003 alloy. Aluminum alloy vessels ired laboratory tests, 1100 alloy was resistant to aque- METHANE. CH+ Aluminum alloys have been used
“us solutions of magnesium sulfate (O.ooOl% to for pressure vessels in the storage and transport of
have been used to heat linseed oil to 25O’C (482°F).
10%) at ambient temperature. See also Rrf: (1) p. compressed methane gas. Aluminum alloy tanks and
See also Ref: (1) p. 135. (2) p. 427, (3) p. 238, (7) p.
136. (2) p. 440. (3) p. i5, (7) p. 117. pipe lines have been used extensively for handling
113.
liquid methane at temperatures as low as -1bO”C
(-256’F). See also Ref: (I) p. 136, (3) pp. 103, 214,
LITHIUM CHLORIDE. LiCI. Alloys 3003, 5154 MALEIC ACID. HOOCCH: CHCOOH. Alloys 3003 (7) p. 121.
and 6061 were resistant to solid lithium chloride in and 5154 were resistant to solid maleic acid in labora-
laboratory tests conducted under conditions of 100% tory tests conducted under conditions of 100% rela- METHYL ALCOHOL. CH,OH. Laboratory tests
relative humidity and at ambient temperature. In the tive humidity and ambient temperature. In other showed that 1100 alloy was resistant to commercial
same tests conducted at 41°C (130°F). solid lithium laboratory tests, 30% aqueous solutions of maleic absolute methanol at ambient and boiling tempera-
chloride caused mild attack of the same alloys. In I % acid caused mild attack ( -5 mpy) of I IO0 alloy It tures. In the same tests, aqueous solutions of me-
to 40% aqueous solutions. lithtum chloride caused 52°C (126°F). Other laboratory tests conducted at thanol varied in their corrosivity with concentration.
mild attack (- 3 mpy) of 3003, 252 and 6061 alloys IOO’C (212°F) showed that maleic acid uas c”rwsi\e Anhydrous methanol at the boiling point was corm-
at ambient temperature and at jo°C (122°F). Local to 1100 alloy See also Ref: CI) p. 136. six. Alummum alloys have been used for drums.
pitting was encountered in the solution tests. See also (3) p. 131. (7) p. 117. tanks and piping for processing and handling methyl
Ref: (I) p. 135, (2) p. 429, (7) p. 113. alcohol. See also Ref: (1) p. 137. (2) p. 449, (3) p.
MALEIC ANHYDRIDE. (CHCO)>O. Alloys JO03 112. (7) p. 121.
and 5154 were resistant to solid m&ctc anhydride in
LITHOPONE. A mixture of zinc sulfide. barium METHYLAMINE. CHINHZ. Aluminum alloyequip-
laboratory tests conducted under conditions of 100%
sulfate and some zinc oxide. Solid lithopone caused ment has been used in refrigeration systems “perat-
relative humidity at ambient tempemrure. .M”lren
mild attack ( - 1 mpy) of 3003 and 5154 alloys in lab- ing uith methylamine. See also Ref: (1) p. 137. (2) p,
maleic anhydride has been stored in 3lumi”um alloy
oratory tests conducted under conditions of 100% 452. (3) p. 143. (7) p. 123.
tanks. See also Ref: (I) p. 136. (3) p. 131. I-) p. I Ii).
relative humidity at ambient temperature. Alumi-
num alloys have been used for pipe lines and driers in
I-MALIC ACID. HOOCCH(OH) CH:COOH. In METHYL CHLORIDE. CH,CI. Methyl chloride.
the manufacture of lithopone. See alw, Ref: (1) p.
under certain conditions, reacts with aluminum al-
135. (2) p. 433. (3) p. 238. (7) p. 115. laboratory tests, aqueous solutions (up to 55%) of
malic acid caused mild attack ( - 2 mpy) of 1100 3110~ loys to form metallo-organic compounds which are
at ambient temperature. In the same tests. these * spontaneously explosive up”” exposure to air. Alu-
LUBRICATING OILS. Laboratoty tests indicate lotions were corrosive to 1100 alloy at 100°C (212°F). minum is not recommended for use with methyl
that alloy 3003 was resistant to most lubricating oils See also Ref: (1) p. 136. (3) pp. 131. 209. (4) pp. 25, chloride. CAUTION: See “Hnlogenated Hydrocar-
at ambient temperature and at 66°C (150°F). 26, 29, 30, (7) p. 119. bons.” See also Ref: (I) p. 137. (2) p. 454. (3) p. 105.
Aluminum alloys generally do not accelerate oxida- (7) p. 123.
tion of lubricating oils. Aluminum alloy tank trucks MALONIC ACID. HOOC CH1. COOH. Limited
and cans have been used for lubricating oils. Alloy laboratory tests indicated that 3003 alloy was resis- METHYLENE CHLORIDE. CH#:. Limited lab-
356.0 valves have been used for handling lubricating tant to malonic acid at ambient temperature. See oratory tests indicated that alloy 3003 *as resistant to
oils. See also Ref: (1) p. 135. (3) p. 220. also Ref: (1) p. 136, (3) p. 130. (7) p. 119. methylene chloride at ambient temperature and at
the boiling point. Inhibited methylene chloride has
MAPLE SYRUP. In laboratory tests, alloy 1100 been shipped in aluminum alloy containers. CA.!/-
TION: See “Halogenated
M
was resistant to maple syrup at ambient Hydrocarbons.” See also
temperature. Aluminum alloys have been used for Ref: (1) p. 137. (2) p. 437. (3) p. 106, (7) p. 12.5.
evaporators and other equipment in processing
maple syrup. See also Ref: (I) p. 136, (6) p. 10. METHYL ETHYL KETONE. CH,XO.CH>XH.,.
In lnboratoly tests, alloy 3003 was resistant to con-
MAGNESIUM CHLORIDE. MgCIz. Alloy 3003
MARGARINE. A mixture of natural or hydrogen- densing vapors of methyl ethyl ketone. Methyl ethyl
was resistant to solid magnesium chloride in labora-
ated animal or vegetable fats plus colonng and fla- ketone has been distilled and condensed in aluminum
tory tests conducted under conditions of 100% rela-
voring. In laboratory tests, alloy 3003 was resistant to alloy equipment. See also Ref: (1) p. 137. (3) p. 121,
tive humidity at ambient temperature. In other lab-
margarine at ambient and refrigerated tempera- (7) p. 125.
oratory tests. alloy 1100 was resistant to aqueous
solutions (up to 10%) of magnesium chloride at am- tures. Aluminum alloys have been used for storing
and packaging margarine. See also Ref: (3) p. 206. METHYL FORMATE. HCOOCH,. In limited
bient temperature. Localized pitting was encoun-
(4) pp. loo. 103. laboratory tests, 3003 alloy was resistant to methyl
tered in the aqueous solution tests. See also Ref: (1)
formate at ambient temperature. See also Ref: (I) p.
p. 136. (2) p. 435. (3) pp. 73. 230. (7) p. 117.
MEAT. Aluminum alloy equipment has been used in 137. (3) p. 136. (5) p. IO. (7) p. 125.
MAGNESIUM HYDROXIDE. Mg(OH)I. Lim- the meat industry for steam jacketed pans. cookers.
METHYL. GLYCEROL.
ited laboratory tests showed that magnesium hydro- wagons. rods. racks, boilen and Taste barrels. Alu-
CH,(OH)CH(OH)COOCH,. Aluminum alloy pipe
xide is corrosive to 1100 alloy at ambient temperature minum alloy foil has been used to wrap meat to be
and containers have been used for handling methyl
and that the corrosion rate increases as the pH of the frozen. See also Ref: (1) p. 136. (J) pp. 198, 206. (4)
glycerol.
solution increases. See also Ref: (1) p. 136. (7) p. 117. pp. 72, 78. 80. 99. 106, 109. (6) p. 12.
(continued)
622 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
METHYL ISOBUTYL KETONE. sion where contacting the mortar. See also Ref: (1)p. temperature and was corrosive at 54°C (13O’F). See
(CHJzCHCHICOCH,. In laboratory tests, alloy 137. (2) p. 161, (3) p. 72. also Ref: (1) p. 137, (3) p. 84.
3003 was resistant to methyl iwbutyl ketone under
boiling and condensing conditions. Methyl isobutyl MUSTARD. Prepared mustard has been packaged NICOTINE SULFATE. (C,oH,,N?j2. HISO+
ketone has been handled in aluminum alloy tanks in protected aluminum alloys. See also Ref: (1) p. In laboratory tests. alloy 3003 was resistant to a 40%
and piping. See also Ref: (7) pp. 124. 125. 137. (3) p. 211. (6) p. 12. solution of nicotine sulfate at 204°C (400°F). See
also Ref: (I) p. 137. (3) p. 149.
METHYL METHACRYLATE. MUSTARD OIL. (Constituents: alkyl isothiocy-
CH2. C. CH, COO CH, Methyl methacrylate has anafe; carbon disulfide: alkyl cyanide). Mustard oil NITRIC ACID. HNO,. In laboratory tests. the ac-
been processed in aluminum alloy equipment and has been handled in aluminum alloy columns and tion of nitric acid on aluminum alloys varies with
handled in aluminum alloy containers. See alw, Ref: condensers. concentration and temperature and is in-
(3) p. 137. creased by agitation or the presence of nitrogen ox-
N
ide. At ambient temperature. the rate of attack of
METHYZ SALICYLATE. C,H,OHCOOCH,. I100 alloy shows a maximum at 20%
Limited laboratory tests indicated that alloy 6061 concentration. Above 82%. the attack is between 0
was resistant to methyl salicylate at ambient temper- and 5 mpy. Aluminum alloys have been widely ued
ature. Methyl salicylaw has been shipped in alumi- for storing and shipping fuming nitric acids. Red
num alloy containers. See also Ref: (3) p. 137. NAPHTHA. Limited laboratory tests indicated that fuming nitric acid Inhibited with hydrofluoric acid is
alloys 1100, 3003, 5052 and 6061 were resistant to compatibile with all aluminum alloys to at least 71°C
MILK. In laboratory tests. alloys 1100 and 3003 naphtha at ambient temperature. Naphtha has been (160°F). Solutions of the lower oxldes of nitrogen and
were resistant to sweet milk at ambient and boiling handled in aluminum alloy stills, fractionators. de- the gases themselves have mild corrosion effects on
temperatures. Aluminum alloys have not affected phlegmators, heat exchangers, condensers, and aluminum alloys. As a rerulf. aluminum alloys have
the taste of milk. Aluminum alloy equipment has tanks. See also Ref: (7) pp. 128, 129. been used for the catal}tlc oxidation of ammonia in
been used for handling whole milk and sweetened or the production of nitric acid. Aluminum alloy equip-
unsueetcned condensed milk. Powdered milk has NAPHTHAIJZNE. C,,,&. Aluminum alloy stills, mrnt used in this prwe\s has included piping for
been dried in aluminum alloy towers. Foil hoods have dephlegmators, fractionators, heat exchangers, and wpplying ammonia dnd {oxygen to the oxidizing re-
been used to protect and seal bottles. Fresh milk has condenseen have been used at temperatures above actor. shwlumd yas mirrerc. refrigeration tanks for
been transported in aluminum alloy equipment. See 15o’C (302°F) in the production of naphthalene. Na- srorirq raw matuuls. principal parts of the auto-
also Ref: (I) p. 137. (2) p. 463. (3) p. 204. (4) pp. 78. phthalene has been stored in aluminum alloy tanks. CIZW. refining columns, intermediate reservoin,
84. 98. 100. 101. 102. 106. 109. (6) p. II. (7) p. 127. See also Ref: (3) p. 105, (7) p. 129. heat exchangers for cooling the nitric acid before
storage, tanks and drums for storage and transporta-
MLVERAL OILS. A mixture of liquid hydrocarbons NAPHTHEMC ACID. C;H,zOz. [n laboratory tests, tionof rheconcentrated acid. Seealso Ref: (1) p. 138.
from petroleum. Laboratory tests indicate that man? alloy 3003 was resistant to commercial naphthenic (2) p. 480, (3) pp. 22, 45. 244, (4) pp. 19, 20, 21. 29,
mineral oils are protective fo aluminum alloys. Min- acid at ambient temperature and 82°C (18O’F). Boil- 30. 31. 34. 74. %, (7) p. 130.
eral oils have been stored and transported in alumi- ing naphthenic acid was very corrosive to 3003 alloy
num alloy equipment. Alloy A356.0 valves have been in the same test. Naphthenic acid has been trans-
ported in aluminum alloy tank cars. Aluminum alloy NITRIC SULFURIC ACIDS. (MIXED ACID:
used for handbng mineral oils. See also Ref: (I) p.
fractionating columns, condensers, receivers and NITRATING ACID). In laboratory tests. mixed
137. (3) p. 102.
piping have been used in the production and handl- acids had varying corrosive effects on aluminum
ing of naphthenic acid. See also Ref: (1) p. 137. (7) p. alloys which were dependent upon the composition
MOLASSES. Alloys 3003, 5052, 5086 and 6061 were
129. of the mired acids. Mixed acid containing 85%
rerisfant to molasses in laboratory tens at ambient
HNO,. 12% H2S0,. and 3% water caused mild at-
and 46°C (I 14°F) temperatures. Copper from earlier
NATURAL GAS. About 855 methane, 9% ethane. tack ( - 2 mpy) of I IO0 alloy while an 80. IS. 5 mix-
processing equipment can make molasses corrosive
3% propane, 2% nitrogen, 1% butane, occasionally ture caused moderate attack (- 10 mpy) of alloy
to aluminum alloys. It is dewable to resf a source of
helium or more nitrogen plus other contaminanfs. IloO. Mixtures containing 60% HNO,. 38% H+O,.
mulasses prior to handling in aluminum equipment.
Natural gas has been handled in aluminum alloy and 2% H:O were corrosive while those containing
Aluminum alloys hale been used for fermenting vats.
equipment including processing equipment, disrilla- 45% or less HNO, were very corrosive. Hydrofluoric
piping. containerc dnd tanks with molasses. See also
lion apparatus and pipe lines. Alloy .A3_%,.0valves acid has been used as an inhibitor for the less corm-
Ref: (1) p. 137. (2) p. 474. (6) p. 10. (7) p. 127.
have been used for handling natural gas. Large tanks sive mixed acids. Aluminum alloy tanks have been
on ships have also been used to transport liquid nat- used to handle mixed acids. See also Ref: (2) p. 466,
MOLYBDENUM DISULFIDE. MO&. In labora-
ural gas. See also Ref: (I) p. 137. (3) p. 214, (7) p. 127.
tory tests. molybdenum diwlfide accelerated corx-
rlon of aluminum alloys in the presence of a conduc- NITROBENZENE. C,Hs NO>. In laboratory tests,
tive electrol~?e. See also Ref: (3) p. 82. NAVAL STORES. These include turpentine. rosin,
copal. pentene. dipentene and pinene. In laboratory alloys 3003, SO52 and 6061 were resistant to nitroben-
tests, alloy 3003 was resistant to products such as zene at temperatures ranging from ambient to the
these. Naval stores have been processed and handled boiling point. See also Ref: (I) p. 138, (2) p. 488, (3)
NH>CH>CH,OH (2 AMINOETHANOL). In labow p. 141, (7) p. 131.
in aluminum alloy equipment including rosin ket-
rory tests. solutions of monoethanolamine have rc tles, evaporators, condensers. storage tanks, transfer
acted with aluminum alloys in much the same man- 2 NlTRO-I-BUTANOL. CH,CH2CHNOlCH,OH.
lines, distillation equipment, piping and shipping
ner as ammonium hydroxide solutions. Solutions Aluminum alloy equipment has been used to handle
containers. See also Ref: (3) p. 226.
containing up to 50% monoethanolamine have an 2.nitro-I-butanol.
initial rapid reaction, but the aluminum develops a NEOPRENE. (CH,CCI:CHCH,).. In laboratory
protective film that inhibits funher action. Medium NITROCELLULOSE. C,2H,eN,O,&EE ALSO
tests. various aluminum alloys were resistant to pure CELLULOSE NITRATES). Nitrocellulose has been
strength solutions (- 15%) cause more corrosion neoprene. However, the amount and type of filler
while a film is forming than do either more dilute or produced and washed in aluminum alloy equipment.
materials were found to affect corrosion. See also Nitrocellulose lacquers and enamels have been used
more concentrated solutions. In greater than SO% Ref: (3) pp. 104. 110. 228.
solutions, initial cormsion is slight. The effects can on aluminum alloys. See also Ref: (1) p. 138. (2) p.
be accelerated by elevated temperature. The pres- 490, (3) pp. 124. U2. (4) pp. 95. 140. 141.
NICKEL COMPOUNDS. In laboratory tests, aque-
ence of carbon dioxide or hydrogen sulfide in mono- ous solutions of nickel salts at ambient temperature
ethanolamine solutions retards corrosion of alumi-
NITROETHANE. CH, CH]. NO*. In laboratory
caused varying degrees (from less than I mpy to more tests, alloy 3003 was resistant to nitmethane at 114°C
num alloys. Hence, aluminum alloy equipment has than 60 mpy) of attack of 1100 alloy depending upon (237’F) and 204’C (400’F). Nitmethane has been
been used in natural gas processing plants employing the concentration and the specific compound. Most stored in aluminum alloy tanks. See also Ref: (3) p.
monoethanolamine as an acid gas removal agent. See solutions of nickel compounds are inherently corro- 141.
also Ref: (3) p. 145. (7) p. 127. sive to aluminum alloys. In laboratory tests con-
ducted under conditions of 100% relative humidity at 2-NITRO-2 ETHYL-I, 3 PROPANEDIOL.
MORTAR. In laboratory tests. conventional mor- ambient and 54°C (130°F) temperatures, solid nickel CH,~OHC(C,H:,)NOJH,OH. Aluminum alloy
tars react with aluminum alloys in the same manner chloride was very corrosive to alloys 3003, 5154 and equipment has been used to handle 2-nitro-2 ethyl-l.
as cement and concrete. While the mortar is liquid, 6061 at both temperatures, solid nickelous acetate 3 propanediol.
etching of aluminum alloys occurs; but the reaction caused mild attack of these alloys at ambient temper-
stops after the mortar sets. It is good engineering ature and was corrosive (- 40 mpy) at 54’C (130°F). NITROGEN. N’. Liquid nitrogen has been pro-
practice to protect the aluminum from crevice corro- Solid nickelous nitrate caused mild attack at ambient
(Continued)
Nonferrous Metals and Alloys 623
cessed and handled m aluminum alloy eqwpment. was resistant to orange juice at ambient and refriger- PARAFFIN. A wax consisting of a mixture of louer
See also Ref: (II p. 138. (3) pp. 43. 214. ated temperatures. Aluminum alloy equipment has hydrocarbons with a softening point about SO°C
been used for handling orange juice. Alummum alloy (122°F) and having the general formula C.H,,,,.
NITROGEN TETROXLDE. YIO,. Nitrogen tetro- squeezers for oranges have been used a.s have foil Paraffin has been processed and stored in aluminum
ride is handled in aluminum .~lluy missile fuel tanks closures for bottles of homogenized orange juice (see alloy equipment. Block paraffin has been produced
under stringent moisture controlled conditions. See Fruit and Fruit Juices). See also Ref: (I) p. 138, (6) in aluminum alloy molds. See also Ref: (1) p. 139. (3)
also Ref: (7) pp. 132. 133: Titan I1 Storable Propel- p. 10. pp. 102.218,220.
lant Handbook-Bell Aerospace Company. Buffalo,
New York. Repon No. 811 l-933003. ORES. Many ores have been handled in aluminum PARAFORMALDEHYDE. (CH,O),. Aluminum
alloy equipment. e.g.. bauxite. Compocition and allo! equipment has hew uwd ro handle paraformal-
physical characteristics of the ore generally govern its dehbde. Seealso Ref: (1)~. 139. (2)~. 52’. 13Jp. 119.
MTROGLYCERN. CIH;(ONOz),. Nitroglycerin
suitability for use with aluminum alloys. (71 p. 139.
hJs been handled ,n aluminum alloy containerr. pipe
lines. Jnd tanks. See aiw Ref. (I 1 p. 138. (2) p. 497.
ORLON’. Acrylic fiber. a polymer containing at PARAL.DEHYDE. C&O,. Paraldehhde has been
(3) pp. 115. 112. (7) p. 133.
leti 85% acrylonitrile units (-CHzCH(CN)-). procersed in aluminum allo! equipment and handled
in aluminum alloy drums. See also Ref: (1) p. 139. (3)
NITRO~ETH.&~uYE. CH,NO!. Nitromethane has Aluminum alloys have been used in the manufacture,
p. 120. (7) p. 139.
bwn stored in ,&mmum ~110) tanks. See r1l$o Ref: handling. storage. and shipment of orlon.
.ReymrrrdTradeMlrr
(‘) pp. 132. 133. PEANUT OIL. Aluminum alloy equipment has
OxALlC ACID. HOOC.COOH.2 H>O. Solid oxa been used to handle peanut oil. See also Ref: (2)
MTROPm&FFLYS. Organic compounds derived lit arId ~a3 cormwe t - 20 mpy) to 3003 allo! in lab p. 872.
from paraffin h!drwarbons by replacement of one or oratoq tests conducted under conditions of 100%
more h!droyen atoms b) rl nitro (NO?) group. Con- relative humidit) at ambient temperature. In other PEMCtLLL”I. CH(COOH).C(CH,),S.CH:
trolled field renice reqts bhoued that nitroparsffins laborator? tests. aqueous solutions (0.1 to 12oi) were N.CO.CH.NHCOR. Where R i, a side chain of
cduwd mdd atrack (If V03 a1lo.y. ,Nirroparalfins have corrosive ( - 15 mpy) to 1100 alloy at ambient ten?- varying identity. Penicillin has been produced in
been rtured I” dlumlnum .dlo? tanks. perature. At 50cC (122°F) and boiling temperatures. aluminum alloy equipment and packaged in vials
those solutions were corrowe IO 1100 allot. Oxalic with aluminum caps. See also Ref: (2) p. 529, (3)
MTROPHENOL. NO&H,OH. Alloy 3003 was r-e- acid has been handled in aluminum allot filter5 and p. 146.
sistant to solid p-nitmphenol in laboratory tests con- cnstallizers. because aluminum salt) do not discolor
ducted under condirions of 100% relative humidity the product. See also Ref: (1) p. 138. (2) p. 520. (3) PENTACHLOROETHANE. CCli.CHC12. Limited
at ambient temperature. See also Ref: (1) p. 138. (2) p. 130. (4)pp. 22. 28, 29,30. 120. 121, 122. 123, 124. laboratory tests indtcated that alloys 3003. 5052 and
p. 499, (3) p. 141. (7) p. 133. 12.5. 126. 127. 128. (7) p. 137. 6061 were resistant to pentachlorwthane at ambient
temperature and at 50°C (122°F). At the boiling
NITRO PROPANES (I- AND 2-j. OXOGLUCOMC ACID. C,H,OO.. Aluminum al- temperature. pentachloroethane was vet corrosive
CH,CHJHJN02. (CH3),CHNOl. In laboratory loys have been uwd in the fermentation process 01 to all alloys. CAUTION: See “Halogenated Hydra-
tests, alloy 3003 was resistant to nitm propanes
oxoglucomc acid. carbons.” See also Ref: (2) p. 530. (3) p. 109. (7)
under refluxing conditions and suffered mild attack
p. 139.
under boiling and condensing conditions. Nitm pm- OXYGEN. O*. Aluminum allo! equipment ha\
panes have been handled in aluminum alloy equip PENTACHLOROPHENOL. Q&OH.
been used in the manufacture and transportation of
mew. See alw Ref: (7) pp. 132, 133. Wood treated with pentachlorophenol or its sodium
liquid oxygen. Aluminum alloys are panicularly suit-
salt has been used in contact with aluminum alloy
able for these apphcations since they retain mechan-
NITRO TOLUENES (0, m, p). NO&H,CH,. In products. CAUTION: See “Halogen&d Hydmcar-
ical properties at low temperatures. Alloy A356.0
laboratory tests, alloy 3003 was resistant to +nitm bon” See also Ref: (3) pp. 133, 242. (7) p. 139.
valves have been used for handling liquid oxygen. See
toluene at boiling and refluning conditions. Alumi- also Ref: (I) p. 138. (3) p. 38. (4) pp. 2. 117; Corro-
num alloy equipment has been used to handle nitm sion Effects of Liquid Fluorine and Liquid Oxygen PENTAERYTHRITOL. CrH,20+ Aluminum alloy
toluenes. See also Ref: (2) p. 505, (3) p. 141. (7) p. on Materials of Construction, CORROSION, 17. filters have been used in the production of penta-
133. No. 2. 80-82 (1961 February). erythritol. See also Ref: (3) p. 115. (7) p. 139.
NITROUS OXIDE. NzO. Aluminum alloy retorts
have been used in the manufacturing of nitrous ox- OZONE. O1. Aluminum alloys have been used tn the PENTAERYTHRITYL TETRANITRATE.
ide. See also Ref: (1) p. 138, (3) p. 47, (7) p. 135. construction of oronizers. See also Ref: (I) p. 139, (2) C5H eN40 1.’ Aluminum alloy containers have been
p. 524. (3) p. 38, (7) p. 137. used forpentaery?hrityl tetranitrate. See also Ref: (3)
NYLON. [CO(CH3,CONH(CHJ~NH].. Aluminum pp. 115. 138. 142.
P
alloys have been used for tanks. piping, bins. rail-
road cam and tank cars for handling nylon. See also PENTANE. CH,.(CH&.CH,. In laboratory tests,
Ref: (3) p. 127. 3003 alloy was resistant to pentane under reflurjng
PAINTS. In laboratory tests, most paints were conditions. See also Ref: (3) pp. 103, 214, (7) p. 139.
0
found to be protective to all aluminum alloys. Excep-
tions were those containing mercury, lead or copper PEPPERMINT OIL. Aluminum alloy equipment
compound pigments. These were corrosive. Alumi- has been used for stills. piping. drums, tanks. and
num alloy equipment has been used for process and condensers for handling peppermint oil.
OINTMENTS. Aluminum alloys have been used for storage tanks, pipe. heat exchanger tube. condens-
the packaging of ointments. See also Ref: (10) p. 100. ers. and reaction vessels in the paint industry. See PERACETIC ACID. CHJO~O~OH. Peracetic acid
also Ref: (1) p. 139, (3) p. 237, (4) pp. 95. 117, 119. has been shipped in aluminum alloy drums. See also
OLEIC ACID. CH,KH,)CH:CH(CH1)~.COOH. 134. 137, 140. Ref: (3) p. 126.
In laboratory tests, alloys 1100, 3003 and 6061 were
resistant to oleic acid at ambient temperature. Oleic PALMlTIC ACID. CH,.(CH,),,.COOH. Palmitic PERCHLORK ACID. HCIO,. In laboratory tests.
acid has been shipped in aluminum alloy tank cars. acid has been shipped in aluminum alloy containers. perchloric acid was very corrosive to aluminum al-
See also Ref: (1) p. 138. (2) p. 510. (3) p. 129, (4) See also Ref: (1) p. 139. (2) p. 274, (3) p. 127, (7) loys. See also Ref. (11 p. 139. (2) p. 533. (3) p. 37. (7)
p. 25. (7) p. 137. p. 139. p. 139.
OLIVE OIL. Mixed glycerides of oleic. palmitic, PALM OIL. Containing palmitin, stearin. linolein. PERCHLOROETHYLENE. See TETRACHLORO-
linoleic. stearic and arachidic acids; squalene phyto- Palm oil has been handled in aluminum alloy equip- ETHYLENE. See also Ref: (7) p. 139.
steml. tocopherols. Olive oil has been processed and ment. See also Ref: (2) p. 872.
handled in aluminum alloy equipment. See also Ref: PETROLEUM OR CRUDE OIL. A mixture of hy-
(I) p. 138. (2) p. 872. (3) pp. 129. 206. (6) p. Il. PAPER. Mainly cellulose; clay, starch. fillers. drocarbons obtained from an oil well. Usually an oil
Laboratory tests indicated that the corrosive effects well also produces salt water brine. In general, these
OMON JUICE. In limited laboratory tests. alloys of paper on aluminum alloys vary with composition of brines are corrosive to merals. Some brines are corro-
1100. 3003 and 5052 were resistant to onion juice at the papers. Paper when wet can cause corrosion of sive to aluminum alloys while others can be handled
ambient temperature. See also Ref: (1) p. 138. aluminum alloys by poultice action. Papers with con- in aluminum alloy equipment. Tests are necessary
trolled composition have been used to interleave alu-
ORANGE JUICE. In laboratory tests, alloy 3003 minum alloy products. See also Ref: (10) p. 106.
(continued)
624 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
with the product of a specific oil field before using ture of phosphorus sesquisulfide. See also Ref: (3) POLYVIXYL ALCOHOL. (-CH,CHOH-).. A
aluminum alloy equipment to handle oil field brines. p. 48. colorless plastic made bb the acidic or basic hydroly-
The crude oil may also contain appreciable amounts sis of a polyvinyl ester. usually the acetates. Polyvinyl
of sulfur compounds in which case it is designated as PHTHALIC ANHYDRIDE. C,HI(CO):O. Alumi. alcohol ha2, been handled in aluminum alloy contain-
“sour.” Sour crudes are more corrosive to metal than num alloy condensers have been used in the produc. ers.
are sweet crudes. Aluminum alloys have found in- tion of phthalic anhydride. Molten phthalic anhy-
creased use in the petroleum industry as a result of dride has been stored in the aluminum alloy tanks. POLYVIXYL BUTYRAL RESINS. Synthetic res-
their superior corrosion resistance compared to steel. See also Ref: (1) p. 139, (2) p. 573, (3) p. 132. (7) ins. Aluminum alloy containers have been used in
They have been used for pipe lines, distillation col- p. 143. handling polyvinyl butyral resins. See also Ref: (8)
umns, heat exchangers, storage tanks, piping and pp. 19. 199.
valves. A corrosion hazard to aluminum allovs is iron PICKLES. In laboratory tests. pickles were COT-
sulfide scale that may be deposited on ah&nun al- POTASH ORE. Aluminum alloy equipment has
rosive to aluminum alloys. Sodium chloride and vine-
loy equipment from sour products previously in con- been used in handling and transporting potash ore. It
gar contribute to this cunosion. See also Ref: (1) p.
tact with steel equipment. See also Ref: (I) p. 139, (3) 139, (4) pp. 78.92, (6) p. 11. has also been used in many mine and mill building
pp. 102, 214. 216. applications. See also Ref: (9) p. 34.
PICOLINES. CsHINCH,. In limited laboratory
PETROLEUM JELLY. Purified mixture of semi- tests, mixed picolines (alpha, beta. gamma) were car- POTASSIUM BITARTRATE. KHC,&Ob. In lim-
solid hydrocarbons. chiefly alkanes. Laboratory tests rosive to 3003 alloy at 66’C (150°F). Picolines have ited laboratory tests, dilute aqueous solutions of po.
showed that many petroleum jellies are protective to been handled in aluminum alloy containers. See also tassium bitartrate caused varied degrees of comxion
aluminum alloys. Ref: (3) p. 149. of 3003 alloy at ambient temperature. 0.25% solu-
tions caused moderate attack (- 7 mpy) while 1.8%
PHENETHYL ALCOHOL. C,H&H,CH,OH. In PINEAPPLE NICE. In laboratory tests, 1100 allo) solutions were corrosive. See also Ref: (3) p. 71.
limited laboratory tests, 1100 alloy was resistant to was resIstant to pineapple juice at ambient tempera-
phenethyl alcohol at the boiling point - 204°C ture. In another laboratory test. pineapple juice was POTASSIUM BROMIDE. KBr. Limited labora-
(399°F). See also Ref: (3) p. 114. corrosive to 3003 alloy at 1oO’C (212°F). See also tory tests indicated that potassium bromide solutions
Ref: (6) p. IO. at ambient temperature have action on aluminum al-
PHENOL. C,H,.OH. In laboratory tests, alloy loys similar to that of sodium chloride. See also Ref:
3003 was resistant to anhydrous phenol at tempera- PINENE. C,,,H,,. Aluminum alloy equipment in- (1) p. 140. (2) p. 585. (3) p. 63, (7) p. 147.
tures up to 50°C (122°F). Above that temperature, cluding stills, condensers, filters and tanks has been
phenol was very corrosive to aluminum alloys. used with pinene. See also Ref: (3) pp. 104. 226. POTASSIUM CHLORATE. KCIOj. Aluminum al-
Aqueous solutions of phenol caused mild attack ( - 5 loy dtying pans have been used in the commercial
mpy) of 1100 alloy at temperatures from ambient to PIPERAZINE. NHCH*CH>NHCH,CH,. Pipera- production of potassium chlorate. See also Ref: (1)
50°C (122°F). Aluminum alloy tubes and A3.56.0 zinc has been handled in aluminum alloy piping and p. 140, (2) p. 592. (7) p. 14i.
valves have been used to handle phenol. Solid phenol stored in aluminum alloy tanks.
has been handled in aluminum alloy drums. See also POTASSIUM CHWRIDE. KCI. Alloys 3003 and
Ref: (1) p. 139. (2) p. 537, (3) p. 116, (7) p. 141. PLASTER. (CaSO& H*O. In laboratov tests, 5154 were resistant to solid potassium chloride in lab-
plaster caused an initial reaction of contacting alumi- oratory tests conducted under conditions of 100%
PHENYL ETHER. CbHrOCIH%. In laboratory tests, num alloys while the plaster was liquid after which relative humidity at ambient temperature. Granular
alloy 3003 was resistant to phenyl ether at refluxing comosion did not continue. Aluminum alloys have potassium chloride has been handled in aluminum
conditions and at 204’C (400°F). Phenyl ether has been used for nails. corner strips. and expanded me- alloy hopper cars. See also Ref: (1) p. 140, (3) pp. 62,
been handled in aluminum alloy heat exchangers and tal lath with plaster. See also Ref: (1) p. 139, (2) p. 63,214. (7) p. 147.
stored and shipped in aluminum alloy containers. 161. (3) p. 228.
See also Ref: (2) p. 263, (3) p. 135. POTASSIUM CHROMATE. K@3,. In labora-
PLASTICIZERS. (Non-volatile organic liquids or tory tests, 3003 alloy was resistant to aqueous solu-
PHOSPHATE ROCK. Aluminum allo! equipment low melting solids, now especially phthalate, adi- tions (l-36%) of potassium chromate at ambient
and hopper cars have been used for handling phos- pate, and sebacate esters and aryl phosphate esters). temperature. Potassium chromate has been used as
phate rock. Plasticizers have been shipped in aluminum alloy an inhibitor in natural waters and chloride contain-
containers. ing solutions carried in aluminum alloy piping and
PHOSPHORIC ACID. H;PO+ In laborator?_ tests, equipment. See also Ref: (1) p. 140, (3) p. 70, (7)
aqueous solutions of phosphoric acid (S-85%) were PLUMS. In limited laboratory tests, blue plum p. 147.
corrosive to 1100 allo! and the corrosion increased pomace was corrosive to alloy 3003 at 38°C (lOOoF)
while red plum pomace caused mild attack (- 5 mpy). POTASSIUhI CYANATE. KCNO. Potassium cya-
with concentration at ambient temperature. The rate
Coated aluminum alloys have been used for canning nate has been prepared in aluminum alloy reactors.
of attack was - 100 mpy at 570 and - 1200 mpy at
plums. See also Ref: (6) p. 10. See also Ref: (3) p. 68, (7) p. 149.
85% concentration. The action of phosphoric acid
can be reduced by the addition of inhibitors. Aque- POTASSIUM DICHROMATE. K,Cr,O-. Potas-
ous solutions containing phosphoric acid and chrom- POLYETHYLENE. (CH,CH,).. Polyethylene has
sium dichromate has been a u&accepted inhibitor
ium trioxide have been used as cleaning solutions and been handled in aluminum allo: equipment in-
for use with aluminum alloys in natural and salt wa-
as surface preparation for painting of aluminum cluding weighing bins, blending bms. storage bins.
ten. It has been used to inhibit the corrosion of alu-
alloys. See also Ref: (1) p. 139, (2) p. 566, (3) p. 132. and conveyor systems. Polyethylene has also been
minum alloy piping and equipment exposed to such
(4) pp. 21. 29, 30. 74. 86. 138, 139, (7) p. 143. used as a covering on aluminum electrical conductor
waters. See also Ref: (1) p. 140. (2) p. 598, (3) p. 70.
and in laminations with aluminum foil. See also Ref: (7) p. 149.
(3) p. 237, (7) p. 145.
PHOSPHOR SUSPENSIONS. Suspension of sub-
stances which will fluoresce under ultraviolet light. POTASSIUhI HYDROXIDE. KOH. In laboratory
POLYPROPYLENE. (C,H,).. Aluminum allo) tests, potassium hydroxide was very corrosive to all
Phosphor suspensions used in manufacturing fluo-
silos. driers. and conveyor systems have been used to aluminum alloys. See also Ref: (1) p. 140, (2) p. 606,
rescent lights are handled in aluminum alloy con-
handle polypropylene. See also Ref: (3) p. 237. (7)
tainers. (3) p. 61. (4) pp. 34, 35, 36, (7) p. 149.
p. 145.
POTASSIUM IODIDE. KI. Limited laboratory
PHOSPHORUS. P. In limited laboratory tests, al- POLYSTYRENE. (C,H,CHCH,),. In limited labo-
tests indicated that potassium iodide solutions at am-
loy 1100 was resistant to solid and liquid white phos- ratory tests, alloys 3003 and 5154 were resistant to
bient temperature have action on aluminum alloys
phorus at ambient temperature. Water cooled alumi- solid polystryrene under conditions of 100% relative
similar to that of sodium chloride. See also Ref: (1)
num alloy pans have been used to handle molten humidity at ambient temperature. Aluminum alloy
p. 140, (3) p. 63. (7) p. 149.
phosphorus. See also Ref: (1) p. 139, (3) p. 48. bins, hopper trucks, tanks, pipe lines and conveyors
have been used in handling polystyrene. See also Ref:
POTASSIUM NITRATE. KNO,. AIloys 3003 and
(3) p. 104. (7) p. 147.
PHOSPHORUS PENTASULFIDE. P+s. Dry phos-, 5154 were resistant to solid potassium nitrate in Iabo-
phones pentasulfide has been handled in aluminim ratory tests conducted at 100% relative humidity at
POLYVINYL ACETATE. (CH+ZOCOCH,).. In ambient temperature. In similar tests conducted at
alloy tote bins.
limited laboratory tests, 3003 alloy was resistant to 54°C (130’F). solid potassium nitrate was very con
polyvinyl acetate emulsions. Pol.yvinyl acetate has sive to alloys 3003 and 5154. Aluminum alloy equip-
PHOSPHORUS SESQUISULFIDE. P,S,. Alumi- been prepared in aluminum alloy equipment includ-
num alloy equipment has been used in the manufac- ing condensers and piping. (continued)
Nonferrous Metals and Alloys 625
ment has been used for producing and handling po- acetate caused mild attack of 3003 alloy in the same num alloy pipe and $hipped in aluminum alloy tank
tassium nitrate. See also Ref: (1) p. 140, (2) p. 613. tests. See also Ref: (7) p. 153. cars. Aluminum allo! equipment has been used in
(3) p. 66. (7) p. 151. the manufacture of paints and varnishes containing
rosin. See also Ref: (1) p. 141, (2) p. 866, (7) p. 159.
n-PROPYL ALCOHOL. CH,. CH2. CH? OH. In
POTASSIUM PERMANGANATR. KMnO,. Solid laboratory tests, n-propyl alcohol caused mild attack
potassium permanganate was corrosive to 3003 alloy RUBBER. Mostly obtained from the coagulated
( - 3 mpy) of 3003 alloy under boiling and condensing
in laboratory tests under conditions of 100% relative milky juice of Hevea 6rusiIknsti. Aluminum alloys
conditions. See also Ref: (1) p. 141, (3) p. 113, (7)
humidity at ambient temperature. See also Ref: (I) have been used on rubber plantations for cups, la-
p. 153.
p. 141, (2) p. 617. (3) p. 70, (4) pp. 74, 75,17) p. 151. tex vats, pans, buckets. coagulating tanks, and
drums. Aluminum alloy molds have been used for
PROPYLENE GLYCOL. CH,C HOH CH*OH.
POTASSIUM PERSULFATE. K2S106. Aluminum the production of rubber articles and for vulcaniz-
propylene glycol has been handled in aluminum alloy
alloy equipment has been used for processing and ing. See also Ref: (1) p. 141, (3) pp. 103, 227.
stills, evaporators, and heat exchangers. See also
shipping potassium persulfate. See also Ref: (2) p. Ref: (31 p. 114.
622, (3) p. 65, (7) p. 151. RUM. In laboratory tests, rum was corrosive to
aluminum alloys usually in the form of localized pit-
PYRIDINB. N: CHCH: CHCH: CH. In laboratory
ting. See also Ref: (1) p. 141.
POTASSIUM PYROSULFATE. K1S201. Potas- tests, 1100 and 3003 alloys were resistant to pyridine
sium pyrosulfate has been cast in aluminum alloy
S
at ambient temperature. Aqueous solutions (1% and
molds and shipped in aluminum alloy containers to 5%) caused mild attack ( -5 mpy) of 3003 alloy at
avoid contamination. See also Ref: (3) p. 65. ambient temperature. Aluminum alloy condensers
and dephlegmators have been used with pyridine.
POTASSIUM SULFATE. KZS04. Alloys 3003 and See also Ref: (1) p. 141, (2) p. 633, (3) p. 149, (4)
5154 were n&ant to solid potassium sulfate in labo- p. 73, (7) p. 155. SALICYLALDEHYDE. HOC&CHO. In labora-
ratory tests conducted under conditions of 100% rel- tory tests, aluminum alloys caused discoloration of
Q
ative humidity at ambient temperature. In similar salicylaldehyde. Alloy 5052 caused less discoloration
tests at 54OC (130°F), potassium sulfate caused mild than other alloys. See also Ref: (3) p. 121.
attack ( - 3 mpy) of these alloys. See also Ref: (1)
p. 141, (2) p. 625, (3) p. 64, (7) p. 151. SALICYLIC ACID. HOC,H,COOH. Alloys 3003
and 5154 were resistant to solid salicylic acid in
QUEBRACHO EXTRACT. Contains quebracho laboratoq tests conducted under conditions of
POTASSIUM TARTRATE. C,H,O,K, ‘h H,O. alkaloids and tannen. In limited laboratory tests, 100% relative humidity at ambient temperature.
Solid potassium tartrate caused moderate corrosion
quebracho extract caused mild attack (- 4 mpy) of Salicyclic acid has been handled in aluminum alloy
of 3003 alloy (14 mpy) and was corrosive to 5154 alloy
3003 alloy at 204°C (400°F). distillation columns. condensen, pumps and pip-
in laboratory tests conducted under conditions of
ing. The sublimed acid has been condensed in
100% relative humidity at,ambient temperature. See
QUINOLINE. C9H:N. Quinoline has been handled aluminum-lined chambers. In the preparation of
also. Ref: (1) p. 141.
in aluminum alloy containers. See also Ref: (1) p. aspirin. salicylic acid has been reacted with acetic
141. (2) p. 640, (3) p. 149, (7) p. 157. anhydride in aluminum alloy kettles. See also Ref:
POTASSIUM THIOCYANATE. KSCN. Alloy
(1) p. 142, (2) p. 644, (3) p. 130. (7) p. 161.
3003 was resistant to solid potassium thiocyanate in
R
laboratory tests conducted under conditions of 100%
SARDINES. Coated aluminum alloy cans have
relative humidity at ambient temperature. In other
been used to package sardines. See also Ref: (3) p.
laboratory tests, 3003 alloy was resistant to aqueous
208, (4) pp. 106, 108, 109, (6) p. 12.
solutions (including saturated solutions) of potas-
sium thiocyanate at ambient temperature. See also RASPBERRY JUICE. In laboratory tests, alloys
SAUERKRAUT. In limited laboratory tests, sauer-
Ref: (I) p. 141, (3) p. 69, (7) p. 153. 1100, 3003, and alclad 6053 were resistant to black
kraut caused localized pitting of 3003 alloy. See also
raspberry juice at refrigerated temperatures. In
Ref: (1) p. 142. (3) p. 209, (4) pp. 78, 80, 92, (6)
PROPANE. CH,CH&H,. propane has been han- other laboratory tests, black and red raspberry
p. 11.
dled in aluminum alloy tube. See also Ref: (I) p. 111, juices caused moderate attack of 3003 alloy at
(3) pp. 103. 214. (i) p. 153. 100°C (212’F). See also Ref: (I) p. 141, (4) pp. 88,
SEAWATER. Many aluminum alloys have been
89 (6) p. IO.
PROPIONIC ACID. CH, CHI. COOH. In labora- shown to resist seawater in both laboratory con-
tory tests, alloy 1100 was resistant to aqueous solu- trolled field tests and in service. These include
RAYON INDUSTRY. Aluminum alloys have been
(ions (0.5% to 100%) of propicnic acid at ambient used in the rayon industry for spinning buckets and aluminum-magnesium alloys 5052, 5154, 5083,
temperature. As the temperature increases, solutions 5086, and 5456 and aluminum-magnesium-silicon
bobbins, piping for viscose and wash water, filter
of propionic acid become aggressive. Completely presses and guide holders, desulfurization ma- alloys 6061 and 6063. The high strength aluminum
anhydrous propionic acid was very corrosive, but the chines, ventilating and heater ducts, and blower alloys 2219, 2024, and 7075 require protective
addition of a small amount of water reduced the at- equipment. See also Ref: (1) p. 141. (3) pp. 124, measures when used in seawater.
tack significantly. Propionic acid has been handled. 232. In Januac. 1936, an aluminum hull section of a
stored and shipped in aluminum alloy tanks, drums high speed boat was placed in the James Ri\er Estuary
and tank cars. See also Ref: (1) RESORCNOL FORMALDEHYDE. C-H,O,. Re- of the Chesepeake Bay. The hull was fabricated of
p. 141, (2) p. 628, (3) p. 127. (4) p. 24. sorcinol formaldehyde has been handled in alumi- 5052.H32 plate. the framing of 6053 extrusions and
num alloy bulk containers. the assembly rivets of 6053.T4l. The outside of the
PROPIONIC ALDEHYDE. CH,CH,CHO. In laho- hull below the water line was painted except for a
ratory tests, 1100 alloy was resistant to aqueous solo- RHUBARB. In laboratory tests. rhubarb pomace small area that was left bare to ohsewe the effect of
tions of propionic aldeh)de at ambient temperature. and rhubarb juice were corrosive to alloy 3003 at the seawater on the hull plate. When inspected 42
At SO”C (122’F) and ICO’C (ZIZOF), these solutions 100°C (212°F). See also Ref: (4) p. 80, (6) p. 11. years later, even the unpainted area had resisted
caused moderate attack. F’ropionic aldrhyde has been corrosion. The Alcoa Seaprobe was 244 feet long with
produced in aluminum alloy equipment and has been hull of 5456 aluminum painted with a coal tar epoxy.
RICE. Aluminum alloy equipment has been used When the vessel was decommissioned after 10 years
stored and shipped in aluminum alloy containers.
to ptocess various rice products. See also Ref: (I) of service, examination disclosed the hull plates to
See also Rel: (3) p. 120. (7) p. 153.
p. 141.
have resisted the effects of seawater. Aluminum
PROPIONIC ANHYDRIDE. (CH,CHICO)zO. In alloys have been used forrowboats, canoes, and other
laboratory tests, 1100 alloy was resistant to propi- RICNOLEIC ACID. pleasure craft; outboard motors; as well as naval and
onic anhydride at ambient temperature and at 50°C CH~.(CH>)s.CHOH.CHICH:CH.(CHz),.COOH. commercial vessels. When immersed in seawater,
(122°F). At the boiling point, propionic anhydride In limited laboratory tests, 3003 alloy was resistant aluminum alloys, as most other metals, are protected
was very corrosive. Propionic anhydride has been to ricinoleic acid at ambient temperature. Ricino- from marine fouling by organic coatings. These anti-
handled in aluminum alloy storage tanks, drums and leic acid has been processed in aluminum alloy dis- fouling coatings should not contain mercury or cop
tank cars. See also Ref: (3) p. 128. tillation equipment, condensers and piping. It has per compounds. See also Ref: (3) pp. 32, 62, (4) pp.
been stored in aluminum alloy tanks. See also Ref: 42.55356, 57.50, 59.
(2) p. 274, (3) p. 129.
PROPYL ACETATE. CH3COOC,H7. In laboratory SEWAGE. Aluminum alloys have generally per-
tests. 3003 alloy was resistant to propyl acetate at the
boilinn temoerature. Condensing vapors of propyl ROSIN. Molten rosin has been carried in alumi- (continued)
626 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
formed well when used with domestic and industrial hoods, and duct work have been used in the SODIUM DICHROMATE. Na,Cr,O-.ZH,O. SC,-
sewage and the decomposition products of the manufacture of sodium benzenesulfonate. dium dichromate has been wed as an mhibitur to re-
sludges. including hydrogen sulfide. methane, car- tard corrosion of alummum alloys in chloride solu-
bon dioxide, and nitrogen. Aluminum alloys have SODIUM BENZOATE. CJ+. COONa. Alloys 3003 tions and ethylene glycol. See also Rrf: (1) p. 143. (3,
been used for filters. gratings. thickeners, valves. and 5154 were resistant to solid sodium benzoate in p. 70.
pipes, and sludge handling equipment in sewage dis- laboratory tests conducted under conditions of 100%
posal plants. See alw, Ref: (1) p. 142, (3) p. 243. relativ: !tumidity at ambient temperature. See also SODIUM DISILICATE. Na.Sis05. Sodium disiil-
Ref: (3) p. 71. (7) p. 163. cate has been used as an inhibiror of corrosion of ah-
SHAVING CREAM. Many shaving creams have minum alloys in alkaline solutions. See aJso Ref. (7,
been packaged in mllapsible aluminum alloy tubes. SODIUM BISULFITE. NaHSO?. Solid sodium p. 165.
See also Ref: (I) p. 142. bisulfite was corrosive to alloys 3003 and 5153 with
evidence of localized pitting in lahorato~ test, con- SODIUM FLUORXDE. NaF. Solid sodium fluoride
SHELLAC. A resinous excretion of the insect Lnc- ducted under conditions of loOr” relative humidit! was corrosive to alloy 3003 in laboratory tests con-
C+ &co. In laboratory tests. 3003 alloy was resis- at ambient temperature. In other laborator) tests. ducted under conditions of 100% relative humidit!
tam to shellac at ambient temperature. Aluminum aqueous solutions of sodium hisulfite t lob to 25”b 1 at at ambient temperature. In other laboratory tests.
alloy storage tanks have been used for shellac. See ambient temperature caused attack of alloy 3003 aqueous solutions of sodium fluoride (0.1% to 4%)
also Ref: (3) p. 226. which increased with concentration Solutions Of caused moderate attack ( - 10 mpy) of 1100 allo!
10% or less caused mild attack ( - 2 mp) Hhile 25%~ which varied ulth concentration. See also Ref: (I) p
SHOE POLISH. Typically a mixture of hard waxes solutions were slightly more corrosive t - 4 mpy). See 143. (3) p. 63, (7) p. 167.
(camauba. etc.), paraffin, ceresin of ozokerite, also Ref: (2) p. 657. (3) p. 64, (7) p. 163.
solvents (naphtha and turpentine. etc.) and dye. SODIUM FLUOSILICATE. Na,(SiF,). Alloys 3003
Aluminum alloy containers have been used for shoe SODEM CARBONATE. Na:CO,. Solid sodwm and 5154 were rwstant to solid sodium fluosilicate in
polish. See also Ref: (9) p. 62. carbonate was vety corrosive to alloy 3003 in laboratory tests conducted under conditions of 100%
laborator?, tests conducted under condllions of 100% relative humidlry at ambient temperature. See also
SILVER COMPOUNDS. In laboratoq tests, solu- relative humidity at ambient temperarure. In other Ref: (2) p. 688. (3) p. 69.
tions of silver compounds were corrosive to all laborarov tests, aqueous solutions of sodium car-
aluminum alloys causing localized pitting atiack. See bonate (1% to 10%) were very corrosi\e to 1100 allo> SODIUM HYDROGEN SULFATE. NaHSO,. Solid
also Ref: (1) p. 142, (3) p. 73. at ambient temperature. In the same tests. the action sodium hydrogen sulfate was very corrosiw fo alloys
of these aqueous solutions was eftectively inhibited 3003 and 5154 in laborator? tests conducted under
SOAP. Salt of fatty acids. In laboratory tests, the ac- by the addition of silicates. Aluminum alloy hopper conditions of 100% relative humidity at ambient
tion of soaps on aluminum alloys is variable. Many cars have been used to transport sodium carbonate. temperature. In other laboratory tests. aqueous sob-
soaps cause less than 1 mpy attack while others, See also Ref: (1) p. 142. (2) p. 660. (3) pp. 23. 67. (4) tions of sodium hydrogen sulfate (l-25%) caused at-
usually those more alkaline, are corrosive. Alu- pp. 34.37.50, 76,86,%, 103. tack of 3003 alloy at ambient temperature which in-
minum allo? screw conveyon. compactors. packag- creased with concentration. Alloy 3003 ~a5 reslstanr
ing equipment. and tote bins have been used in the SODIUM CHMRATE. NaCIO,. Alloy 3003 was to a I% solution. while a 2S% solution caused mild
production of soap. Bar soap has been wrapped in resistant to solid sodium chlorate in laboratory tests attack (- 4 mpy). See also Ref: (1) p. 142. (2) p. 65.3.
aluminum foil laminates. See also Ref: (1) p. 142. conducted under conditions of 100% relative humid- (3) p. 64.
(2) p 647. (3) pp. 117. 2.39. 245 (71 p. 160. ityat ambient temperature. Sodiumchlorate has been
dried in aluminum alloy equipment and shipped in SODIUM HYDROXIDE. NaOH. In laboratop
SODA ASH. See SODIUM CARBONATE. aluminum alloy tanks cars. See also Ref: (7) pp. 164. tests, aqueous solutions of sodium hydroxide were
165. very corrosive to all aluminum alloys at all concentra-
SODA WATER. In limited laboratory tests. 3003 tions and temperatures. Dilute solutions of sodium
alloy was resistant to soda water at ambient tem- SODIUM CHLORIDE. N&I. Alioy 3003 was resis- hydroxide have been inhibited by the addition of in-
perature. When tap u ater is used. the amount of car- tant to solid sodium chloride in laboratoq tests con- hibitors, including potassium dichromate. ammo-
roslon is dependent upon the composition of the ducted under conditions of 100% relative humidity nium metavanadate. or ammonium persulfate. See
water used. See also Ref: (9) p. 65. (10) pp. 46, 93. at ambient temperature. In other laboratory tests. also Ref: (1) p. 143, (2) p. 693, (3) pp. 25. 60. (4) pp.
aqueous solutions of sodium chloride (0.1 [POto 25%) 34.35. 36, 37, 49, 103. (7) p. 169.
SODIUM. Na. Sodium has been heated on alu- caused mild attack (- 2 mpy) of llo(l alloy at am-
minum allo) trays in the production of sodium p’~- bient temperature with some localized pitting. The SODIUM HYPOCHLORITE. N&IO. In lab-
ducts. See also Ref: (1) p. 142. (3) p. 58. presence of heavy metals in these solutions ac- oratory tests. aqueous solutions of sodium
celerated attack. Sodium chloride has been the basic hypochlorite cause corrosion which varies with con-
SODIUM ACETATE. CH,COONa.3H,O. Alloy ingredient in many standard accelerated corrosion centration. Alloy 1100 was resistant to dilute solu-
3003 w’as resistant to solid sodium acetate in lab- tests used in evaluating the resistance to corrosion tions of sodium hypochlorite at ambient temper.
oratory tests conducted under conditions of 100% and stress corrosion cracking of aluminum alloys. atore. whereas. more concentrated solutions HYIY
relative humidity at ambient temperature. In other Aluminum alloy equipment has been used for hop- very corrosive. Silicates have been used as inhibitors
laboratory tests, 1100 alloy was resistant to aqueous pers. elevator buckets. drying towers and bins for for corrosion of aluminum alloys by sodium
solutions of sodium acetate (0.1% to 36%) at am- handling sodium chloride. Solid sodium chloride has hypochlorite. See also Ref: (1) p. 143, (2) p. 703. (3)
bient temperature. See also Ref: (I) p. 142, (2) p. been shipped in aluminum alloy railnay cars. pp. 63. 247. (7) p. lb9.
650. (3) pp. 25, 71 (7) p. 161. Sodium chloride brines have been carried in
aluminum alloy refrigeration systems. somm LACTATE. CH, CHOHC. 00~~. in
SODIUM ALUMINATE. NaAIOI. Solid sodium See also Ref: (1) p. 143, (2) p. 665. (3) pp. 25261,
laboratov tests, 30% solution of sodium lactate was
aluminate was very corrosive to alloys 3003 and 5154 213, (7) p. 16.5. coormsive to 1100 alloy at ambient temperature and at
in laboratory tests conducted under conditions of 1OO’C (212°F). In the same tests. 1100 alloy was re-
100% relative humidity at ambient temperature. See SODIUM CHROMATE. Na,Cr0,.4 HIO. Alloys sistant to an 80% solution of sodium lactate at ambi-
also Ref: (3) p. 70. (7) p. 161. 3003 and Sl_S4 were resistant to solid sodium ent temperature. See also Ref: (3) p. 71.
chromate in laboratory tests conducted under condi-
SODIUM ARSENATE. Na>HAsO,. Solid sodium tions of 100% relative humidity at ambient tem- SODIUM LAURYI. SULFATE.
arsenate caused moderate attack (- 10 mpy) of 3003 perature. In other laboratory tests, 1100 alloy was CH,‘(CH,),,COONa SOz. In controlled field tests.
and 5154 alloys in laboratory tests conducted under resistant to aqueous solutions of sodium chromate aqueous solutions of sodium lauryl sulfate were COT-
conditions of 100% relative humidity at ambient (up to SO%) at ambient temperature. Sodium chro- msive to alloy 3003.
temperature. See also Ref: (1) p. 142, (7) p. 162. mate has been used extensively as an inhibitor to
retard corrosion of aluminum alloys in many aqueous SODIUM MERCAPTOBENZQTHIAU)LE.
SODIUM ARSENITE. NaAsO,. Solid sodium environments. See also Ref: (1) p. 143, (2) p. 678, (3) C,H,N:C(S). SNa. Sodium mercaptobenzothiazole
arsenite caused mild attack ( - 5 mpy) of alloy 3003 pp. 61, 62, 70, 73 (7) p. l&S. has been used as an inhibitor to retard corrosion of
while 5154 alloy was resistant to solid sodium arsenite aluminum alloys in ethylene glycol sohnions. See also
in laboratory tests conducted under conditions of SODIUM CYANIDE. N&N. In laboratory tests, Ref: (10) p. 30.
100% relative humidity at ambient temperature. aqueous solutions of sodium cyanide at ambient
Aluminum alloy tanks have been used to handle SD- temperature caused attack of 3003 alloy which in- SODIUM NITRATE. NaNO,. Alloy 3003 was resis-
dium arsenite. See also Ref: (7) pp. 162, 163. creased with concentration. At 0.1%. the sodium tant to solid sodium nitrate in laboratory tests con-
cyanide solution caused mild attack (- 4 mpy) while ducted under conditions of 100% Hlative humidity
SODIUM BENZENESULFONATE. at 20%. it wasve~ corrosive. See also Ref: (1) p, 143,
C6H5S020Na. Aluminum alloy rotary driers, fume (2) p. 682. (3) p. 68. (7) p. 165. (continued)
Nonferrous Metals and Alloys 627
at ambiel;t temperature. In orher laboratow tests, caused mild attack ( - 2 mpy) of 1100 alloy at am perature. In other laboratory tests. dilute solutions of
1100 allO\ was resistant to aqueous solutionsof bient temperature. Aluminum alloy tote bins have stannous chloride (O.ooOl% to 10%) caused mild ar-
sodium nitrate (0.1% to 43%) at ambienr tem- been used for handling sodium sulfate. See also Ref: tack (-4 rnpy) of 1100 allo) at ambient temperature.
perature Sodium nitrate has been used in combi- (l)p. 144,(2)p. 744(3)p.64,(7)p. 173. See also Ref: (1) p. 144. (3) p. 81. (7) p. 175.
nation uith sodium nitrite as an inhibitor to retard
the corrosion of aluminum alloys. See also Ref: (1) SODIUM SULFIDE. NalS.9 H20. Solid sodium STARCH. Solid starch caused mild attack (-2
p. 143. (2) p. 712. (3) p. 66, (7) p. 169. sulfide was very corrosive to 3003 and 5154 alloys in mpy) of alloy 3003, while 5154 alloy was resistant to
laboratory tests conducted under conditions of 100% solid starch in laboratory tests conducted under con-
SODIUM NITRITE. NaNO,. Alloys 3003 and 5154 relatix humtdity at ambient temperature. See also ditions of 100% relative humidity at ambient tem-
uere resistant to solid sodium nitrite in laborator) Ref: (1) p. 144. (2) p. 748, (3) p. 63. (7) p. 173. perature. Aluminum alloy conveyors and piping have
tests under conditions of ICVb relative humidity at been used in starch plants. See also Ref: (1) p. 144.
ambient temperarure. See also Ref: (1) p, 143. (3) p, SODIUM SULFITE. Na2S0,. 7 H>O. In laborato~ (2) pp. 123, 124, 231. (4) p. 73.
66. (7) p 169. tests, 1100 alloy was resistant to aqueous solutions of
sodium sulfite (0.1 to 15%) at ambient temperature.
STEAM. HZO. In laboratory tests under static con-
SODIUM OXALATE. Na,CzO,. Alloys 3003 and Alloys 3003 and 5154 were resistant to solid sodium
sulfhe in laboratory tests conducted under conditions ditions, alloy 3003 u’as found to be resistant to pure
5154 UCK resistant to solid sodium onalate in lab. steam wer distilled water at temperatures up to
oratov tests conducted under conditions of 100% of 100% relative humidity at ambient temperature.
268°C (514°F). In fact, aluminum alloys exposed to
relative humidit! al ambient temperature. In other See also Ref: (I) p. 144. (2) p. 754, (3) p. 64, (7) p.
steam at these temperatures had improved resistance
laborator) tests. 300.3 alloy was resistant to saturated 173.
to corrosion by other environments because of the in-
solutions of sodium oxalate at ambient remperature. creased thickness of the oxide film on the surface. In
while dilute solurions of sodium oxalate (3.1%) SODIUM THIOCYANATE. NaSCN. In laboratory
tests, 1100 alloy was resistant to aqueous solutions the same tests, steam at 268°C (514°F) was cormwe.
caused moderate attack ( - 7 mp)-) of 3003 alloy at High prw.sure steam can erode aluminum alloys by
(0.1 to 40%) of sodium thiocyanate at ambient
100°C (212°F). See also Ref: (I) p. 143. impingement corrosion erosion, particularly when
temperarure. Aluminum alloy troughs. tanks. rolls,
the jet of steam is perpendicular to the surface.
piping and towers have been used to handle sodium
SODIUM PERBORATE. NaBO,. 4H,O. Alloys Aluminum alloy equipment including heat ex-
thiocyanate solutions. See also Ref: (1) p. 144, (2) p.
3003 and 5154 were resistant to solid sodium per- changers, dryers. steam jacketed kettles, piping have
760. (3) p. 69, (7) p. 173.
borate in laboratory tests conducred under condi- been used to handle steam in the petroleum. chem-
tions of 100% relative humidity at ambient tem- ical and food processing industries. See also Ref: (1)
SODIUM THIOSULFATE. Na,S201.5 HzO.
perature. In other laboram? tests, 3003 alloy was p. 144, (2) p. 778, (4) p. 49, (7) p. 175.
Alloys 3003 and 5154 were resistant to solid sodium
resistant in moist sodium perborate at ambient tem-
thiosulfate in laboratory tests conducted under con-
perature. See also Ref: (2) p, 718. (7) p. 169. STEABIC ACID. CH,.(CH,),,.COOH. Alumi-
ditions of 100% relative humidity ar ambient tem-
num alloy equipment has been used for steam dis-
SODlUM PERCARBONATE. perature. In other laboratoty tests, 1100 alloy was
tillation, filtering and storing stearic acid. Alloys
2 Na,CO,.3 H>O. Na:CO,.H?OI.l/> H?O or resistant to aqueous solutions of sodium thiosulfate
3003 and 5154 were resistant to solid stearic acid
Na,C,O,. Sodium percarbonate has been prepared (0.5% to 40%) at ambient temperature. Sodium
under conditions of 100% relative humidity at am-
in aluminum allo! reactors. See also Ref: (2) p. 720. thiosulfate has been used as a deicing salt on alu-
bient temperature. See also Ref: (1) p. 144, (2) p,
(3) p. 68. (7) p. 169. minum alloy equipment. See also Ref: (1) p. 144. (2)
782, (3) p. 127, (4) p. 25. (7) p. 175.
p. 763, (3) p. 65, (7) p. 173.
SODIUM PEROXIDE. NalOl. Solid sodium per- STRAWBERRIES. In limited laboratory tests,
oxide was very corrosive to alloys 3003 and 51-54 in SOILS. Soils vary widely in their corrosivity towards
fresh strawberries caused localized pitting of 5052
laboratoq tests under conditions of 100% relative aluminum alloys. Soil composition, the nature of
alloy. See also Ref: (4) pp. 106. 109.
humidity at ambient temperature. See also Rcf: (1) chemicals in the ground water, and the degree of wet-
p. 144. (2) p. 725. (3) p. 60. (7) p. 171. ness and aeration are factors in the cormsivity of soil; STREPTOMYCIN. C:,H,cNQl. Aluminum allo)
but the corrosion of aluminum alloys in soil is so com- media tanks. pre-seed ranks. absorption tanks,
SODILJM PHOSPHATE, DIBASIC. Na,HPO+ plex that even that information is not sufficient for slurry tanks, pipe and fittings have been used in the
Alloys 3003 and 5154 were resistant to solid sodium accurate prediction of performance in a given soil. It production of streptomycin. See also Ref. (3) pp.
phosphate, dibasic. in laboratory tests conducted is recommended that soil corneivity be evaluated for 146. 239.
under conditions of 100% relative humidity at am- each application while still in the design stage.
bient temperature. See also Ref: (1) p. 144. Aluminum alloys buried in soi. are usually protected STROBANE*. (Consrituents: Terpene polkchlo-
by claddings, coatings, or wrappings. Cathodic pro- rinates such as camphene, pinene and r&red com-
SODIUM PHOSPHATE, TIUBASIC. Na,PO,. In tection is also used, sometimes in conjunction with pounds). In controlled field tests, 3003, 5052, and
laboratory tests, aqueous solutions of sodium phos- other protective measures. Alloys containing copper, 5154 alloys were resiaant to Strobane at ambient
phate, tribasic, were very corrosive 10 1100 alloy at such as 2024, should not be used in soil. Aluminum temperature.
alloys have been used for oil pipe lines and culvert I‘ndcmrrl;
ambient temperature. Sodium silicate was found to
be an effective inhibitor for this compound. Cleaning pipe in soil. See also Ref: (1) p. 144.
products containing this compound should be used STYRENE. C,HsCH.CHz. Aluminum alloy heat
only with great caution on aluminum alloy products. SOBBITOL. C6Hl,0a. Sorbitol has been filtered in exchangers. bubble caps, tank trucks, conveyors.
See also Ref: (1) p. 146, (2) p. 734, (3) p. 67. (4) pp. aluminum alloy filter presses and transported in alu- piping, polymerization vessels and storage tanks have
34. 37, SO. 69, 75. 76. 86. 103. (7)~. 171. minum alloy tank cars and shipping drums. See also been used in the styrene industry. See also Ref: (3)
Ref: (2) p. 766, (3) p. 115, (7) p. 173. pp. 104, 105. (7) p. 175.
SODIUM PROPIONATE. CH,CH$OONa. So-
dium propionate solutions have been handled in alu- SORBOSE. C&i,*O,. Aluminum alloy equipment, SUCCINKACID. HOOC.CH2.CH2 .COOH.
minum alloy tanks. See also Ref: (3) p. 71. including r&dry fermenters and sterilizers, has been Alloys 3003 and 5154 were resistant to solid succinic
used in the production of Sorbose. See also Ref: (2) p. acid in laboratory tests conducted under conditions
768. (3) p. 123, (7) p. 173. of 100% relative humidity at ambient temperature.
SODlUM SILICATES. SiO,(Na,O). The resis- In other laboratory tests, aqueous solutions of suc-
tance to corrosion of aluminum alloys by sodium SOYA OIL. Consists of glycerides of oleic. linoleic, cinic acid (0.25% to 50%) caused attack of 1100 alloy
silicates depends on the weight ratio of SiO,/Na,O. palmitic. stearic and linolenic acids. Aluminum alloy that increased with concentration and temperature.
Commercial sodium silicates with a weight ratio of 2 weight tanks and kettles have been used in the pro. At O.ZS% the attack was moderate ( - 6 mpy) while at
have been used as inhibitors of corrosion of alu- duction of soya oil. 50% it was corrosive at 100°C (212’F).
minum alloys in alkaline solutions. In laboratory See also Ref: (1) p. 145. (3) p. 130. (7) p. 175.
tests. sodium metasilicate with a weight ratioof 1 was STWC CHLORIDE. SKI, Solid stannic chlo-
very corrosive to 1100 alloy at ambient temperature. ride was very corrosive to alloys 3003 and 5154 in lab- SUCROSE. CIZHnO,,. Alloy 3003 was resistant to
See also Ref: (1) p. 144. (2) p. 740, (3) p. 69, (4) pp. oratory tests conducted under conditions of 100% solid sucrose, while alloy 5154 showed mild attack
37, 47, 76, 86, %. 103. 119. 12.3, 138, (7)~. 171. relative humidity at ambient temperature. See also (- 2 mpy) in laboratory tests conducted under condi-
Ref: (1) p. 144, (2) p. 774, (3) p. 81. (7) p. 175. tions of 100% relative humidity at ambient tempera-
SODIUM SULFATE. Na,SO,. 10 HIO. In labora- ture. Aluminum alloy piping, crystallizers and storage
tory tests, alloy 3003 was resistant to solid sodium STANNOIJS CHLORIDE. SKI,.2 H,O. Solid tank heaters have been used with sucrose. Dry sucrose
sulfate under conditions of 100% relative humidity at stannous chloride was very corrosive to alloys 3003 has been handled in aluminum alloy piping. See also
ambient temperature. In other laboratory tests, and 5154 in laboratory tests conducted under condi- Ref: (1) p. 145, (2) p. 790. (3) p. 124. (6) p. 10.
aqueous solutions of sodium sulfate (0.1 to 14%) tions of lOLl% relative humidity at ambient tem- (continued)
628 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
SUGAR. C,zH,,O,,. Aluminum alloy equipment alloy tanks, pipe lies, and heat exchangers. See also containers have been used for handling and trans.
for piping. tankage and transportation has been used Ref: (7) pp. 180, 181. porting pure. dry titanium sponge.
in the sugar industry. See also Ref: (1) p. 145 (2) p,
790. (3) pp. 123. 198,203,209, (4) pp. 73, 74,88,90, TANNlC ACID. CT~H~~O~. Solid tannic acid caused TITANIUM DIOXIDE. Ti02. Titanium dioxide
91, 93,98, (7) p. 175. mild attack (- 2 mpy) of alloys 3003 and 5154 in lab. pigment has been dried in large aluminum-lined
oratory tests conducted under conditions of 100% steam tube driers. Aluminum alloy heat exchangers
SULXAMIC ACID. H,N .S02.0H. In laboratory relative humidity at ambient temperature. In other have been used to condense titanium dioxide vapors.
tests, aqueous solutions of sulfamic acid (0.1% to laboratnn tests, 0.01% to 20%~ aqueous solutions See also Ref: (3) p. 78.
20%) caused attack of 1100 alloy which increased caused mild attack ( - 2 mpy) of 1100 alloy at am-
with temperature. At ambient temperature, the at- bient temperature and moderate attack (- 9 mpy) at TITANIUM TETRACHLORJDE. TiCI,. In lim-
tack was moderate (- 10 mpy). while at 50°C 50°C (12ZcF). These solunons were corrosive at IOO’C ited laboratory tests, titanium tetrachloride caused
(122°F) and IOO’C (212°F). sulfamic acid solutions (212’F). Aluminum allo! processing equipment has mild attack ( - 5 mpy) of alloys .X)52 and 6061 under
were very corrosive. See also Ref: (I) p. 145. (3) pp. been used in tanning plants. See also Ref: (1) p. 145. refluxing conditions. See also Ref: (7) pp. 182. 183.
42, 244, (4) p. 124. (4) pp. 29. 30. (7) p. 181.
SULFITE WASTE LIQUOR. Aluminum alloy TAR. Aluminum coils and heat exchangers have TOBACCO. In limited laboratory tests. moist to-
tank trucks have been used for handling dilute, un- been used in tar distillation plants to condense hot bacco caused localized pittmg of 3003 and SOS2
neutralized waste liquors. See also Ref: (2) p. 7%. creosote vapors. Tar and tar products have been alloys at ambient temperature. Aluminum alloys
handled in aluminum allo! tanks. See also Ref: (1) p. have been used for packaging tobacco products. See
SULFUR. S. In laboratory tests, 1100 and 3003 145. (3) p. 223. also Ref: (I) p. 146.
alloys were resistant to liquid sulfur al l35-154’C
(275-310°F). Aluminum alloy equipment has been TARTARIC ACID. HOO.C(CHOH)>COOH. TOLUENE. C,H,.CH.,. In laboratory tests, 3003
used for the recovers and ourification of sulfur. in
I .
Alloys 3003 and 5154 were resistant to solid tartaric alloy was resistant to toluene at ambient temperature
sulfur mining equipment. buildings, freight cars, acid in laboratory tests conducted under conditions and the boiling temperature. Toluene has been
hoooer cars and convevors. See also Ref: f 1) o. 145. of 100% relative humidlty at ambient temperature. handled in aluminum allo) equipment. See also Ref:
(2;;. 800. (3) pp. 40. i27; James R. West,.“S\lphu; In other laboratory tests. 1100 alloy was resistant to (1) p. 146. (2) p. 855. (3) pp. 104. 223, (7) p. 183.
and Sulphides vs. Materials of Chemical Plant Con. aqueoussolutions(O.l% to55%) at ambient temper-
struction.” Chemical Engineering, 1946 October. ature, but these solutions were corrosive at SO’C TOLUIDINES(m-,o-.andp-_).CH,‘C,I&.NH,.
(122’F) and very corrosive at 100°C(2120F). Tartaric Toluidines have been handled in aluminum alloy
SULFUR CHLORIDE. SCI or S&I,. Sulfur chlo- acid has been processed in aluminum alloy filters and steam heated stills. See also Ref: (1) p. 146. (3)
ride ha\ been shou n to be very corrosive to aluminum crystallizers and has been stored in aluminum alloy p. 144.
alloys in laboratop tests. See also Ref: (7) pp. 176. tanks. See also Ref: (1) p. 145. (2)
177. p. 848, (3) pp. I3 I, 209. (4) pp. 22, 25,26,27,28.29,
TOMATOES AND TOMATO JUICE. In labora-
30. 88, (7) p. 181.
SULFUR DIOXIDE. SO2 In laboratory tests. sulfur tory tests, 3003 and 5154 alloys were resistant to
dioxide sarurated with water was corrosive to all TEA. Aluminum alloys have been used for packag- tomato paste at ambient temperature. In other lab-
aluminum alloys at ambient temperature. Aluminum ing, storing, and brewing tea. See also Ref: (I) p. oratory tests. 3C03 alloy was resistant to tomato juice
alloy equipment has been used for refrigeration 145, (3) p. 211, (4) pp. 79,843 97.98. (6) p. 12. at 1OO’C (212’F). Cooking and storage of tomatoes
systems containing sulfur dioxide, for vulcanizing in aluminum al(oT vessels has caused pitting on the
chambers, and petroleum refiiing stills involving TERPENES. Cl&,. (Polymers of lsoprene CrH& metal. TomatoJuIce has been processed in aluminum
sulfur dioxide, for heat exchangers in cooling sulfur Aluminum alloy tanks have been used for storing ter- alloy equipment. See also Ref: (I) p. 146. (3) p. 209.
dioxide, and for reactors converting sulfur dioxide to penes. See also Ref: (3) p. 104. (7) p. 181. (4) pp. 88. 91. 92. (6) p. Il.
sulfur trioxide. See also Ref: (1) p. 145, (2) p. 806, (4)
p. 97 (7) p. 177. TETRACHLOROETHANE. CI,HC.CHCl2. TOOTHPASTE. In lahoratoy tests, the corrosion
Limited laborat”? tests indicated that 3003 alloy effects of toothpastes are variable. with most causing
was resistant to tetrachloroethane at ambient tem- little corrosion. Those contaming fluorides are corro-
SULFURIC ACID. HISO,. In laboratory tests, the perature but at boiling temperature tetrachloro- sive IO aluminum alloys. Toothpastes hate been
corrosion of aluminum alloys in sulfuric acid varies ethane was corrosive. CAUTION: See “Halogenated packaged in collapsible aluminum tubes. See also
with concentration of sulfuric acid. Hydrocarbons.” See also Ref: (3) p. 109. Ref: (I) p. 146. (3) p. 239.
The corrosion reaches a maximum at about 80% acid
concentration. Above that concentration. attack de- TETRACHLOROETHYLENE. Cl&. Ccl,. In lim- TOXAPHENE. C,&,,Clh. In limired laborato?
creases rapidly until at 98% it becomes mild, less ited laboratory tests, high purity aluminum was resis- tests at ambient temperature and 52°C (126°F). tox-
than 5 mpy. In other laboratory tests, fuming acids tant to tetrachloroethylene at SO’C (122°F) and un- aphenc solutions caused localized pitting of 3003 al-
containing 101. 103. 107 and 115% sulfuric acid der refluxing conditions. In other laboratory tests. loy. Aluminum allo! tanks have been used to store
caused moderate attack of 3003 alloy at ambient tem- tetrachloroethylene caused mild attack ( - 5 mpy) of and transpon toxaphene. CAUTIOS: See “Halogen-
perature. Aluminum alloy heat exchangers, piping 3003 alloy under refluxing conditions. Aluminum al- ated Hydrocarbons.” See also Ref: (‘) pp. 182, 183.
and tanks have been used to handle sulfuric acid in loy degreasing installations including stills and stor-
98% concentrations and at temperatures as high as age tanks have been used with tetrachloroethylene. TRLXETIN. (CHICOO)JCIHi. Limited labora-
200°C (392°F). See also Ref: (1) p. 145, (2) p. 811, (3) See also Ref: (1) p. 145. (3) p. 108. tory tests indicated that 6053 alloy was resistant to
pp. 22. 41. (4) pp. 18, 19, 29, 30, 31, 34, 74, %, 97, triacetin at ambient temperature. Aluminum alloy
(7) p. 177. THIOCARBANILLDE. CS(NHC,H&. In labora- kettles and stills have been used in the production of
tory tests, thiocarbanilide caused mild attack (-4 triacetin. See also Rrf: (IO) p. 81.
SULFUROUS -40. HzSO1. In laboratory tests, mpy) of alloy 3003 at 204°C (400°F). Aluminum
dilute aqueous solutions of sulfurous acid caused cor- alloy drying trays have been used for handling thio- TRICHLOROBENZENE. C,H,CI,. In laboratory
rosion of 1100 alloy which increased with concentra- carbanilide at temperatures up to 88’C (190°F). tests, 3003 alloy was resistant to trichlorobenzene at
tion. At 0.1% sulfurous acid, the attack was mild ambient, SO’C (122°F). 100°C (212°F). and 204°C
(-4 mpy). while at 8%. the attack was moderate THIOGLYCOLIC ACID. HS CH1. COOH. In lab- (400°F) temperatures and under refluxing condi-
(- 12 mpy). Sulfurous acid condensed from gases oratory tests. alloys 1 IO@. 3003 and 5052 were resis- tions. Aluminum alloy tank cars have been used to
containing sulfur dioxide and moisture will cause tant to 7.2% aqueous solutions of thioglvcolic acid at ship trichlorobenzene. CAUTION: See “Halogenated
corrosion of aluminum alloys. See also Ref: (1) p. ambient temperature. Aqueous solutibns of 45% Hydrocarbons.” See also Ref: (3) p. 111. (7) p. 185.
145. (2) p. 841, (3) p. 22, (4) pp. 19,29,30, (7) p. 179. concenlr.xion were corrosive. Aluminum alloy tanks
and recehers have been used for thioglycolic acid. I,I,I-TRICHLOROETHANE. CCI,CH,. In lim-
See also Ref: (3) p. 133. ited laborator? tests. 3003 alloy was resistant to tri-
SULFUR TRIOXIDE. SO,. Aluminum alloy reac- chloroethane at ambient temperature and under re-
tors have been used for converting SO1 to SO, (sulfur THIOPHENE. SCH:CHCH:CH. Limited labora- fluxing conditions. CAUTION: See “Halogenated
trioxide). See also Ref: (3) p. 40. tory tests indicated that 3003 alloy was resistant to Hydrocarbons.” See also Ref: (3) p. 109. (7) p. 18.5.
thiophene at 204°C (400°F). See also Ref: (3) p. 148.
TRJCHLOROETHYLENE. CICH:CCI,. In limited
TITANIUM. Ti. In laboratory tests, titanium was laboratory tests. 3003 alloy was resistant to trichloro-
ethylene in the dry condition at ambient temperature,
found to cause corrosion of contacting aluminum
50°C (122°F) and under refluxing conditions. The
alloys in high chloride-containing environments by
TALL OIL. Tall oil has been handled in aluminum galvamc action. Hermetically sealed aluminum alloy (continued)
Nonferrous Metals and Alloys 629
V
presence of water accelerates the corrosive effects of Aluminum alloys are well suited for handling
trichloroethylene. Aluminum alloy tank cars have steam condensate. They are not adversely affected by
been used for transporting dry trichlonethylene. In- carbon dioxide and oxygen or by chemical agents
hibited trichloroethylene has been used for degreas- such as ammonia. hydrazine. morpholine. filming
ing of aluminum alloy products. CAUTION: See amines and sodium sulfite added to condensate in
VALERIC ACID. CH,(CHJ3COOH. In labora-
“Halogenated Hydrocarbons.” See also Ref: (1) p. the relatively small concentrations needed to protect
tory tests, 3003 alloy was resistant to valeric acid at
146, (3) pp. 25. 108. 244. (7) p. 185. steel. Large aluminum tanks have been in use at
IOO’C (212°F). See also Ref: (1) p. 146 (3) p. 127.
power plants for storage of alkaline condensate
TRIETHANOLAMlNE. N(CHI. CH*. OH),. In lab- (pH 9-9.5).
VANILLIN. CH,O(OH)C,H,CHO. Aluminum equip-
oratory tests, alloy 2017 was resistant to triethanola- Laboratory tests indicate that the cwrosivity of
ment has been used to handle synthetic vanillin. See
mine at ambient temperature while triethanolamine natural fresh waters is difficult to predict. When they
also Ref: (8) p. 124.
was comosive to 3003 alloy at 204OC (400°F) and do cause corrosion. the attack is generally of the pit-
under refluxing conditions. Aqueous solutions were ting type. The tendency of fresh natural water to pro-
vey corrosive to aluminum alloys at ambient temper- VARNISH. A resinous solution or drying oil. Alumi-
mote pitting of aluminum depends upon the nature
ature. Triethanolamine has been stored and tram num alloys have been used for varnish kettles. Lead
and concentration of salts dissolved in them. Small
ported in aluminum allo! tanks. See also Ref: (1) p. drying agents have caused pitting and failure in some
quantities of soluble chloride and heavv metal salts in
146. (2) p. bb2.13) pp. 25. 145, (5) p. 14. aluminum alloy varnish kettles. See also Ref: (1) p.
some natural water will promote pitting of alumi-
146. (2) p. 770, (3) pp. 131, 237.
num. especially if the water pH is 6 or below, Alclad
TRIETHYLAMINE. (C?H,),N. Laboratory tests alloys such as alclad 3003 and alclad 6061 are highly
indicated that 3003 allo!_ war resistant to triethyla- VEGETABLES. Vegetables have been prepared in
resistant to the development of deep pits.
aluminum alloy kitchenware. The cooking periods
mine at 1OO’C (212’F) and 204’C (400°F). Waters that are handled in recirculating systems
are relatively short, and even acidic vegetables have
are generally corrosive to aluminum unless a suitable
negligible effect. Aluminum alloys have been used
TRIETHYLENEDIAMINE. NH>(C,H&C>H,NH:. water treatment is used. Even if a water that in its
for certain canned vegetables. See also Ref: (1) p.
Alummum allov steam tube has been used to handle natural state has little action on aluminum is used.
triethylenediamine. 146, (3) pp. 198.208, (4) pp. 78, 79, .%I.88, 106. 109,
the concentration of dissolved solids builds up as
115. (6) p. 11.
evaporation losses are made up or as contaminants
I. 2,4 TR[METHYLBENZENE (PSEUDOCUMENEI. are picked up from the system or the air and the cor-
VINEGAR. In laboratory tests, 1100 alloy was resis-
C,H,(CH,),. Aluminum allo} stills have been used rosivity of the water could increase. Expert advise on
tant to various types of vinegar at ambient tempera- suitable water treatments is available from a number
for the distillation of trimethylbenzene. See also Ref:
ture. At SO’C (122”F), the corrosion was increased of water treating concerns. See also Ref: (7) pp. 251.
(7) p. 187.
and the attack was moderate (- 7 mpy). Aluminum 252.253. L54.
2, 4, 6.TRINITROTOLUENE. (NO&. CoH>. CH,. alloy distillation columns, tube, pipe and tanks have
Aluminum allo! kettles and heat exchangers have been used in producing vinegar. Vinegar contami- WAX. In laborator! tests. man) waxes were protec-
been used in the manufacture of trinitrotoluene. nated with chloride or heavy metal ions promotes pit- tive to aluminum alloys. Steam traced aluminum al-
Aluminum alloy vessels have been used for melting ting of aluminum alloys. See also Ref: (1) p. 146, (3) loy piping has been used to handle liquid and molten
trinitrotoluene. pp. 126. 198, 210, (4) pp. 22, 24. 31, 84, 92. waxes. Molten waxes have been solidified in alumi-
num alloy pans. Aluminum allo! dip tanks have been
TRI-o-CRESYL PHOSPHATE. (CH,.C,H,),PO,. VINYL ACETATE. CHI. COO. CH CH?. Alumi- used to treat crude robber with molten wax. See also
In laboratoq tests, 3003 alloy was resistant to tri-o- num alloy equipment has been used for polymeriza- Ref: (1) p. 147. (3) pp. 220, 225.
cresjl phosphate at 204°C (400°F). Under refluxing tion kettles, driers, containers and tank trucks in the
conditions tri-o-cresyl phosphate was corrosive to production and handling of vinyl acetate. See also WETTING AGENTS. (Alkyl and alkylaryl sulfo-
3003 alloy. Aluminum alloy tank trucks have been Ref: (3) p. 136. (7) p. 193. nates in the form of their sodium salts). Aluminum
used to transport tri-o-cresyl phosphate. See also alloy containers have been used to handle these corn-
Ref: (1) p. 146. (3) p. 138. (7) p. 18.5. VINYL CHLORIDE MONOhER. CH,:CHCI. pounds. See also Ref: (IO) p. 100.
Aluminum alloy aerosol containers have been used to
TUNA FISH. In laboratory tests, 3003 alloy was re- handle vinyl chloride. Vinyl chloride slurries have WHISKEY. In laboratory tests. alloys 1100 and 3003
sistant to tuna fish at ambient temperature. See also been handled in aluminum alloy pipe. CAUTION: were resistant to uhiske! at ambient temperature but
Ref: (6) p. 12. See “Halogenated Hydrocarbons.” See also Ref: (2) pronounced localized pttting occurred. The color of
p. 875, (3) p. 108. (7) p. lc13. the whiskey was also affected. See also Ref: (1) p.
TUNG OIL. In limited laboratory tests, alloy 6061 147, (3) p. 203, (6) p. 10.
was resistant to tong oil at ambient temperature. VINYL CHLORIDE POLYMER. See POLYVINYL
CHLORIDE. WHITING. CaCO,. (Naturally occurring calcium
TURPENTINE. (Usually contains mainly n and 4 carbonate about 98% pure). Aluminum allo) bins
pinene; also camphene, dipentene. other monocyclic VINYL RESINS. Vinyl resins have been shipped in and drums have been used for inter-plant and in-
terpenes. p-cymene). In laboratory tests, 3003 alloy aluminum alloy tanks and drums. Alumincnl alloy plant handling of whiting. See also Ref: (3) p. 76.
was resistant to turpentine at ambient temperature tanks, comeyors. and bins hake been used for in-
and at the boiling temperature. Production of tur- plant storage and handling of vinyl resins. See also WINES. In laborator) tests, the corrosion eftects of
pentine has been carried out with aluminum alloy Ref: (3) p. 233. wines on aluminum alloys vary widely. Discoloration
distillation equipment, heat exchangers, and tanks. of some wines contacting aluminum alloys wa$ also
Alloy A356.0 valves have been used for handling tur- \lTAMINS. Aluminum alloy equipment has been encountered. Aluminum alloy equipment such as pip-
pentine. See also Ref: (2) p. 866, (3) pp. 104, 226, used to process and handle vitamins. See also Ref: (2) ing, fittings, containers for transferring grape juice,
238. (7) p. 189. p. 82. (3) pp. 104. 115. 124. 138. 198. 205. unfermented wine. fermented wine. and fortified
wine as well as grape pulp or must har been used in
U W
the wine industry. Coated pure aluminum tanks have
been used for storage and shipment of u ines. Wine
has been packaged in coated aluminum alloy cans.
SeealsoRef:(l)p. 147, (3)~. 202.(4)pp. 93.94, 142.
UNDECYLENlC ACID. CH,:CH .(CH&,.COOH. WATER. HIO. Aluminum alloys have been used for
Aluminum allo) receivers and storage tanks have WOOD. Wet wood has caused varying degrees of
handling a wide variety of waters. In high purity
been used for handling undecylenic acid. corrosion of contacting aluminum alloys in labora-
water, laboratory tests show that a slight reaction oc-
tov tests. The degree of corrosion varied uith the
curs originally between the aluminum alloys and dis-
type of wood tested. It is good engineering practice to
tilled, deionized. and uncontaminated rain water,
UREA. H2N. CO. NH>. Alloy 3003 was resistant to apply protection where aluminum alloys will contact
but after a few days it ceases and aluminum pick-up
solid urea while 5154 alloy suffered mild attack in wood which may become wet. Aluminum alloy nails,
by the water becomes negligible. Aluminum alloy
laboratory tests conducted under conditions of 100% screws. and bolts have been used in wood. See also
tanks and piping have been used for storage and dis-
relative humidity at ambient temperature. In other Ref: (1) p. 147. (3) p. 231.
tribution &fdistilled and deionized water. At elevated
laboratory tests, 3003 alloy was resistant to solutions temperature, - 200°C (392°F) and above, both dis-
of urea at ambient temperature. Aluminum alloy tilled and deionized water cause very severe corrosion WOOD CREOSOTE. (A mixture of phenols, chiefly
equipment. including distillation columns, driers, Of most aluminum alloys. Special aluminum alloys guaiacol and cresol.) In laboratory tests, wet wood
heat exchangers, storage tanks. and piping, has been containing iron and nickel as alloying elements have treated with creosote did not accelerate corrosion of
used for handling urea. See also Ref: (I) p. 146, (3) p. been developed for use in high purity water up to
147. (7) p. 191. temperatures of 360°C (680°F). (continued)
630 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
contacting 3003 alloy under conditions of 100% rela- to 10%) solutions of zinc acetate at ambient temper- ZLNC STEARATE. A mixture of the zinc salts of
tive humidi at SZOC (125°F). Aluminum alloy equip ature. See also Ref: (3) p. 80. stearic and palmitic acids and usually uith some ex-
ment including coils, heat exchangers. and tanks has cess of zinc oxide. Allov 3003 and 5154 were resistant
been used to handle creosote. SeealsoRef:(l) p.131, ZINC BORATE. 3 ZnO ‘2 B*O,. Alloys 3003 and to solid zinc stearare in laboratory tests conducted
(3) pp. 117, 223. 5154 were resistant to solid zinc borate in laboratory under conditions of l&We relative humidity at am-
tests under conditions of 100% relative humidity at bient temperature
WOOD PRESERVATIVES. In laboratory tests, ambient temperature. In other laboratory tests, 1100
wood preservatives were found to vav greatly in their alloy was resistant to dilute (up to 10%) solutions of
ZINC SULFATE. ZnSO,. 7 H20. Alloys 3003 and
corrosivity to aluminum alloys. Some caused less zinc borate at ambient temperature. See also Ref: (3)
5154 were resistant to solid zinc sulfate in laboratory
than 1 mpy attack while others, particularly those p. 80.
tests conducted under conditions of 1CWo relative
containing copper or mercury salts or zinc chloride, humidity at ambient temperature. In other labora-
were very corrosive. Creosote. zinc napthanate and
toy tests. 1100 alloy was resistant to aqueous solu-
pentachlorophenol were found to be most compati- ZINC CHLORIDE. ZnC12. Solid zinc chloride was tions (up to 10%) of zinc sulfate at ambient tempera-
ble with aluminum alloys. None of the wood presep corrosive to 3003 alloy in laboratory tests conducted ture. See also Ref: (1) p. 147, (2) p. 8%. (3) p. 79, (7)
vatives was inhibitive. under conditions of 100% relative humidity at am- p. 195.
bient temperature. In other laborator) tests. dilute
X
(up to 10%) solutions of zinc chloride caused mild at-
tack of 1100 alloy ( - 2 tnp! ) with evidence of localized
References
pitting at ambient temperature. See also Ref: (1) p.
147. (2) p. 892. (3) p. 79, (7) p. 195.
1. Mondolfo. L. F.. “Aluminum Alloys-Struc-
XYLENE. C,H4(CH,)]. In limited laboratory tests, ture and Properties.” Boston: Butteworth &
3003 alloy was resistant to xylene at the boiling tem- ZINC CHROMATE. Zn,CrO&OH)2.H~0. Alloys Co., 1976 (reprinted in 1979).
perature. Xylene has been handled in aluminum alloy 3003 and 5154 were resistant to solid zinc chromate 2. Rabald. E., “Corrosion Guide.” New York:
piping. condensers. and pressure vessels. See also in laborator) tests conducted under conditions of Else&r Publishing Co.. 1968.
Ref: (1) p. 147, (3) pp. 104. 223, (7) p. 193. 100% relative humidity at ambient temperature. 3. Joni&, P. and M. Sigxalt. “Aluminum-Its
Zinc chromate has been used as an inhibitive pig- Applicatton in the Chemical and Food lo-
ment in organic coatings used on aluminum alloys. dustties,” New York: Chemical Pubhshing Co.,
Y
See also Ref: (3) p. 80, (4) pp. 95. 139, 141. 1964.
4. Br+n. 1. M.. “Alummium and Aluminium
Alloss in the Food Industn.” (Fw/ :,Iws~~~,I.
liorr. Spcid Repurr. No. So). London. His Ma-
ZINC NAPHTHANATE. Zn(C-H,,O,JJ. In labora-
jesty’s Stationery Office, 1948
YEAST. Limited laboratory tests indicated that 11OC tory tests. zinc naphthanate preservative treatment
5. Witt. C. A., A. Labenski and G. Gerken.
alloy was resistant to yeast at ambient temperatuw did not accelerate attack of aluminum alloys by con-
“Resistance of Aluminlum to Various Chemi-
and 32°C (90°F). Production of yeast has been carried tacting wet wood.
cals.“Alumi~~r~n~, 1979. 55. (8). 526-532.
out in aluminum alloy vessels. Aluminum alloy equip- 6. Kunz. E.. “Corrosivity of Different Food
ment for brewing and distillation of yeast has been Groups in Aluminum Packaging Materials.”
used. Yeast has been packaged in aluminum foil. See ZINC NITRATE. Zn(NO,),.6H,O. Alloys 3003 Edited version. Institute for Food Technoloa
also Ref. (I) p. 147. (2) p. 889, (3) p. 210, (7) p. 193. and 5154 were resistant to solid zinc nitrate in labora- and Packaging, 1974.
tory tests conducted under conditions of 100% rela- 7. Hamner. N. E.. “Corrosion Data Suwev-
tive humidity at ambient temperature. In other labor- Metals Section.” Houston: National Assoclaiion
Z
atory tests, 1100 alloy was resistant to dilute aqueous of Corrosion Engineers. 1974.
solutions of zinc nitrate at ambient temperature. See 8. “Das Chemische Verhalten van Aluminium.”
also Ref: (1) p. 147. (3) p. 80. Dusseldorf. Aluminium-Verlag. 1955.
9. Bohner. H. and H. Buschlinger, “Survey of the
ZINC ACETATE. Zn(CHICOO):.2H20. Alloys Behavior of Aluminium Toward Chemicals and
3003 and 5154 uere resistant to solid zinc acetate in ZINC OXIDE. ZnO. Alloys 3003 and 5154 were re- FoodProducts.” Housrrirschrifr (1931) 9 (II),
laboratory tests conducted under conditions of 100% sistant to solid zinc oxide in laboratory tests con- 301.
relative humidity at ambient temperature. In other ducted under conditions of 100% relative humidity 10. “Aluminium in the Chemical and Food Indus-
laborator) tests, 1 IO0 alloy uas resistant to dilute (up at ambient temperature. See also Ref: (3) p. 79. tries.” London: British Aluminium Co.. 1959.
Designations for Wrought Alloy Groups Designations for Casting Alloy Groups
(continued)
Nonferrous Metals and Alloys 631
The AMPCO alloys recommended for process applications are essentially aluminum bronzes and nickel-aluminum
bronzes. They can be produced in a wide range of forms-sand, centrifugal and shell mold castings; forgings; rolled
sheat and plate; extruded and continuous cast rod, tube and shapes.
These ratings
may usually be
interpreted as follows:
R - Generally suitable. Corrosion rates less than 2 mpy.
RX-Generally suitable however conditions such as aeration or temperature could restrict their use. Corrosion rates IeSS than 20 mPy.
NR - Generally not suitable. Corrosion rates over 20 mpy.
In evaluatmg this data, it should be understood that these are results of specific tests and are indicative of those conditions
under which the tests were run, thus are a basis for recommendation, but not for guarantee.
!/ ALUMINUM
MONEL 400 BRONZE
ALLOY (10% AL) 0.0019
0.0034 0.0002
0.0024 0.0012
0.0075 0.0079
0.65 1
NICKEL 200 ALLOY 0.034 0.12 0.11 3.4
CHEMICAL LEAD 0.016 0.015 0.042 1.2
Nonferrous Metals and Alloys 633
PANBLTYPB 1 2 3 4
BASE METAL 1 1 1 1
PREPARATION l
Base metal not attacked. Base metal not attacked. Bue metal not attacked. Base metal ax attacked.
Sprayed metal on front Sprayed metal intact. Sprayed metal and vinyl Sprayed mm1 on front
of panels shows many The vinyl seal coat se-al coat unaffeaed on and back of panels
coLuh4zBus. OHIO URBAN pinpoint aodw and a show L chin dark gray both front and back of shows many piapoinc
general dark gray deposit deposit sain on both pan&. noder and L general
stain. Back of the front and back dark gray deposit stain
show a ,enerr:: of pnel.s.
gny sum.
Base metal not attacked. Base meal nor~rmcked. Base men1 not attacked.
Sprayed metal on from Sprayed metal on both
of panels shows many %~%*$z%mt from and back of panels
EAS~TC&~GO, INDUSTRIAL pinpoint nodes and a of pan& shows a Same a Type 2. shows many pinpoint
general dark ay deposit general dark depceit nodes and a thick dark
rain. Back o Y paneb stain. Back shows a deposit stain.
show a dark gtn, thin deposit stain.
deposit win.
Base meal not attacked. Base metal not attacked. Base metal not attacked.
KURE BEACH, s rayed metal on front Sprayed metal intact. Sprayed metal on from
NORTH CAROLINA SALT-AIR o P panels intact. Sprayed Vinyl seal ccat shows Same Y Type 2. and back of panels
(800~fc lot) metal on back shows dull grr, blotch- 0~1 intact.
small to medium red front side. Seal ccat on
rust snias. back unaffected.
Base mm1 not attacked. Base metal not attacked. Base metal not attacked. Base metal not amcked
Sprayed metal on front Sprayed metal inuct. Sprayed metal intact. Sprayed metal on fronr
INDUSTRIAL of panels shows many Vinyl seal coat on front wn~lsea~~coaf of panels shows many
pinpoior nodes and a of panels is spotted pinpoint nodes and
general gray deposit with medium sized gray general gray deposit
stain. Sprayed mm1 on deposit stains. Seal cou stain. Sprayed meal on
back intact. on back unaffected. back of panels shows
gray deposit stains.
Base metal nor attacked. Base metal not xacked Base mm1 not amcked.
s rayed metal 00 front Sprayed metal infact. Sprayed metal inact.
POINT R?zYES. o P panels shows P Vinyl seal coat 00 front Vinyl real ccut
CALIPOR?JIA SALT-AIR general very light of panels shows light unaffected. Same as Type 1.
stain over lo-25 ?z% gray blotches. Seal coat
the surface, mostly near 00. back unaffected.
the edges.
PANEL lYPB 5 6 7 8
BASE hfl?TAL 1 1 1 1
PREPARATION l
sameOS
Type 1.
KUKB BEACH,
NORTH CAROLINA SALT-AIR Same as Type 2.
(800h II_?%)
PANELTYPE 9 10 11 12 13
BASH METAL. 1 2 2 2 2
PREPARATION l
sameu
Tlpc 2. zd
KUlU BEACH.
NORTH CAROLINA SALT-AIR sameu Same aa
( 800~fI lot) Type 4. Type 2.
SALT-AIR
l * Trpa of 14 cod
WP - Wash primer
AV - Aluminum vinyl
-1 -One cat of specified al cat
-2 -Two coat, of specified al am
(continued)
636 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
PANEL TYPE 1 2 3 4
BASH METAL 2 2 2 2
PREPARATION l
Base cat.41 shows red Base metal mt atacked. Base meal not amcked.
rw CID3-5 % of the Sp? cd mm1 00 f1ont Sprayed metal intact on
front md back of pm&. & ck of panels both sides. Vinyl seal
PREEPORT. T’EXAS TOTAL Sprayed meml and vinyl Panela missin& shows P for Mall coat una5med 00 both
IMMERSION seal cca dissipaccd in sawed blisters and rides. Edges have been
rbere - area% Edges red rust rmins. Edea damaged mcchMiolly.
have been damaged
mechanically.
PANEL TYPE 5 6 7 8
BASE MrrAL 2 2 2 2
PREPARATION l
WIUGHTSVILLE BEACH,
^rn%@ SameuTypel.
Base meal no( wackcd.
Sprayed metal shows P
few unbroken blinns.
Fkasc meal not ncmcked.
Sprayed metal shows P
few. unbroken blisrcrr.
NORtTTf_f$lNA Al-d&N? Vinyl ad Coal diuipated.
m
SEA WATER
PANBL ‘ZYPE 9 10 11 12 13
BASB METAL 2 2 2 2 2
PREPARATION l
TESTSITE ENVlRONMBNT
sameu
Type 1.
GALVALUME is the trade name for a patented sheet steel product having a coating of corrosion-resistant aluminum-
zinc alloy applied by a continuous hot dipping process. The alloy coating of aluminum and zinc combines the best
properties of both metals. It has the corrosion resistance, high-temperature oxidation resistance, and heat reflectivity
characteristic of aluminum coatings, with the formability and galvanic protection of cut edges characteristic of zinc
coatings. GALVALUME sheet, both bare and painted, is intended for applications where superior corrosion resis-
tance is required, as in roofing, siding, pre-engineered buildings, appliances, air conditioner housings, and other uses.
GALVALUME sheet is also used for applications where resistance to oxidation at elevated temperatures is impor-
tant, such as fireplaces, toasters and automotive exhaust systems.
Atmospheric Corrosion Resistance: Based on 13-year atmospheric test results (see Figure I), it is estimated that
GALVALUME sheet will outlast galvanized by two to four times in marine, industrial and rural atmospheres. When
compared to aluminum coated sheet steel, GALVALUME sheet has superior corrosion resistance at sheared edges.
Salt Spray Corrosion Resistance: With cut edges protected, the coating on GALVALUME sheet steel lasts five to
ten times longer than the coating on galvanized (see Figure 2). In salt spray tests conducted with bare cut edges
exposed, the corrosion resistance is typically three to four times that of galvanized (see Figure 2).
HOURS OF EXPOSURE TO
FIRST SIGNIFICANT RUST
ASTM B117 Salt Fog Test
CORROSION
P
GALVANIZED
LOSS (Mils) O 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5_ 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9
GALVALUME
KURE BEACH
(Sev;F_eTMalaye) !OOO
KURE BEACH
(Marine)
800 FT LOT
BETHLEHEM
(Industrial)
SAYLORSBURG
(Rural)
Figure 1
GNPR~TECTED PROTECTEI
EDGES EDGES
Figure 2
TABLE 5.6: BERYLLIUM COPPER ALLOY-BRUSH WELLMAN
Beryllium copper is the material of choice in an array of designs demanding Corrosion Rorirtanco of Soryllium Copper in Soa Water
corrosion resistance. From instrument springs and bellows exposed to hostile
atmospheres, to bushings and tubular products used in harsh oil field environ- = zzz? =
ments, beryllium copper alloys are selected to solve corrosion problems. In com- CORROFON
bination with corrosion resistance, beryllium copper alloys are considered non- TEST
E
t n Ccmdltlon and - -
x
2.0 O.CiUX
Acceptable Not Recommended
2.5
2.2 0.0034
O.WO4
Atmosphere Industrial 3.5 2.2
O.OtW4
2.3
Marine
Rural -_ -- -I- 0.0035
113 S:“;9,l.~39 3 weeks 0 Annealed % hr. at 1020 F 3.3
1.5 A (quenched from 1510 F)
Water Fresh 2.36 in. AT (quenched from 1510 ;:: ::EE%
F and ared 3 hr. at 660 F)
Brine 2.0 A (quenched from 1510 F)
Softened AT (quenched from 1510 ::: ::EZ
Sewage F and aged 3 hr. at 660 F)
2.6 o.ooo5
2.5 A (quenched from 1510 F)
Soil AT (quenched from 1510 2.8 O.GlXX
F and aged 3 hr. at 660 F)
3.5 AT (quenched from 1510 2.8 0.0005
Gas (dry) Chlorine Acetylene F and aged 3 hr. at 660 F)
Oxygen/Ozone _- --_ -I-
3% NaCl Room yyg.39 3 weeks 0 Annealed H hr. at 1020 F 112.1 0.0180
Carbon Dioxide solution 1.5 A (quenched from 1510 F) ;;U&
Sulfur Dioxide saturated 2.36 in. AT (quenched from 1510 %E:
with CuCl
Ammonia F and awl 3 hr. at 660 F)
A (quenched from 1510 F) 100.2
2.0
Fuel Gases AT (wenched from 1510 78.4 I::;::
F and aged 3 hr. at 660 F)
2.5 A (quenched from 1510 F) 150.7
Organic Alcohols Pyridine AT (quenched from 1510 154.9 ::k%
Compounds Chlorinated Solvents F and aged 3 hr. at 660 F)
A (quenched from 1510 F) 42.9
Fuels 3.5
AT (quenched from 1510 51.5 ::E%
Lubricating/Hydraulic oils
Artiticial
-- -- F and aged 3 hr. at 660 F)
_- --
/0.0052
68 c,““;as3;3~4 15 days As cast _,__. __. _. ._. F
Inorganic Non-Oxidizinq Acids Ammonium Hydroxide sea water Y:% As cast.. /
Chemicals acetic acid Oxidizino acids/salts
0.394 in. As cast.. /K%!
::3 As cast.. .. 2 ,
hydrochloric acid chromic acid ,X:EE
dilute sulfuric acid nitric acid
.- -- -- 9.96
_-Ascast,...........,.... --
4
_-
phosphoric acid
Artificial Strip I168 hours Electrolytic copper. . 16.9 t
ferric chloride sea water 2.P, H (cold rolled). .. 15.7 IE2”7”
Alkalies Mercury A quenched from 1480 F) I3.0035
A 4 (quenched from 14‘UJ fQ:Z IKQ28
F and aged 3 hr. at 570 F)
(continued)
TABLE 5.6: BERYLLIUM COPPER ALLOY-BRUSH WELLMAN (continued)
Effect of Immorslon in Bulfurir Acid on 2% Beryllium Copper Effect of Immersion in Hydrochloric on 2% Beryllium Copper
=- =
Tem- coRp;l,“,‘t”N Tem- COR&$l,ON
” pera- m
TYPE OF YE: Condltlon and __ ture. Gmdltlon and --
TEST
__ F.
_---
Spedmen 1Durntlon lieat Treatment mdd
-_1 bY T:::T°F
__ F Spedmen Duratiot Heat Treatment mdd
-.
IPY
Alternatr 146 S:‘~ip&Ox~ 0 Phosphorus deoxidized Alternate 70.75 sp&o;u 0 Phosphorus deoxidized 453 0.073
immerr;ion copper. mm 0.609 immersion
.5 i 1J
copper
in 10% R in. 2.0 AT (quenched from 14iO 0.X92 1% min. 8 in. 2.0 AT (quenched from 1470 332 0.058
solution. F and aged 3 hr. at 570 F) in solution F and aged 3 hr. at 570 F)
1% min. in IIT (quenchrd from 14iO 4840 0.852 and I% HT fquenched from 14iO 332 0.058
solution F. cold rolled and aged min. in F. cold rolled. and aged
and 1% 2 hr. at 525 F) air in 2 hr. at 525 F)
min.inair 10% HCI
-- _. _. I ____ ~_~ --__ _______~ _~
Interrupted 140 strip 96 hours 0 1240 0.199 Interrupted 140 96 hours 0 147 0.024
alternate
immersion
1.89 h’otaaed............... 1148 0.19x alternate
immersion
1.89 Not aged.. 182 0.03 I
in IO% $O%
solution
____ _~ _~ --- ____ ~-___- ____ -___
C”ntinU”Us 68 C~;;~;43;4 24 hours 2.05 As cast.. IO0 O.Oli4 C”ntin”“us Rwm yipi Ip;O3I 7 days 9 Annealed.. 1079 0.174
immersion immersion 2.0 Annealed.. 588 0.099
in 10% 3.94 in. i; F3l% 2.36 in. ___ ~-~~ -__
solution 2 days 2.0 A fquenched from 1470 F)
~-- _.-. _.___-. -_
AT fwenched from 1470 z:
0.110
0.123
Continuous
immersion
in 5% WI.
Room Strip 24 hours 0
2.12
Electrolytic
H (cold rolled).
A (quenched
copper..
from 1480 F)
.
ir:
24
0.0952
o.wl4
0.0642 2.5
F and aged at 660 F)
~______~_
A (quenched from 1470 F)
iuric acid AT (quenched from 1480F 27 0.0047 AT (quenched from 1470 2
and aged 3 hr. at 570 F) F and aged at 660 F)
---- _. _.--- .- ---~ -_-_ -____ -_ ~- ~__ ____--
COntiiW”US Strip 6 hours 2.1 Apparentiv rolled. an- negli- Continuous Room Strip. 0.039 7 days 2.0 A (quenched from 1476 F) 402 0.070
immcrciun nealed and nged giljie immersion x 1.18 x AT (wenched from 1470 656 0.115
in 10% 24 hours 2.1 Same.................. 31 0.0054 i; &% 2.36 in. F and aged at 660 F)
solution --
-- _. _. -- 2.5 A fquenched from 1470 F) 36U
5% sulfuric Room Strip 6 hours 2.1 Same.. _. ._. . .. 192340 3.46 AT (quenched from 1470 585 Z:Z
acid + 3% 24 hours 2.1 Same., _. 18.600 3.24 F and aged at 660 F)
potassium __-
dtchromatf c Continuous 6s ht. 0.394 24 hours 2.05 As cast. 50 0.009
immersion x 0.394 x
- = = = a.94 in.
‘mdd = mg/dmz/day; iPY = in/Vr ;;,‘I%
.- --~
Continuous 68 3art. 0.394 24 hours 2.05 As cnst.. _. 90 0.016
immersion x 0.394 x
‘;;&O% 3.94 in.
Continuous immersion for 24 hours et 68 F 0.49 F- 139 Infiue~nce of Beryllium Content In Varying Concentrations of Acetic Acid
on cast specimens (not age hardened) 1.00 z “. 130 R
I21 s (Lossin mdd)
5.05
2.05 +? :; ::: ::
I i
9.96 g 118
____--‘E ‘Z 30
CONCEhTRATlON
Continuous immersion
room temperature
for 24 hours at
on strip specimens
TEST CONDITIONS
?zcY
Percent ’ ~lz.s46I5.ow(~/~
a, iollows:
Electrolytictopper.. . ...... 9.4 .
Beryllium copper:
H (cold rolled). _. . ...... 10.6 . .
A (quenched from 1480 F). _. ...... 7.7
AT fguenched from 1480 F)
andaged3hr.at570F) ..,__.__., ...... 11.6 . .
I I I I I
(continued)
TABLE 5.6: BERYLLIUM COPPER ALLOY-BRUSH WELLMAN (continued)
hfluenca of Beryllium Content in Varying Concentrarionr of Nitric Acid
(Loss in mdd)
=
I -. CONCENTRATION
.-
1%
-_--2.5% I
TEST CONDITIONS 3% 10%
_- __5%
InRuonca of Bwylllum Content In VaryIns Concontrotlonr of Continuous immersion for 18 days 312 ... ...
at ro0m temperature on strip 269 ... ...
Ammonium Hydroxide specimens. 0.039 x 1.18 x 2.36 in.. w5 ... ... .
(Less in mdd) in annealed condition 2.53 ... ...
Ii7 ... ...
_- -~ 251
_. ... ...
( I+rylllum / CONCENTRATION
-__ __- 1070 S” 215 .. .
TEST CONDITIONS* I “pzz::v lI%l2.5%1 5.5% 5% 7.5% I 10% 12 Sn . . 2.53 . . . ..
._ -- 14 0 n Sn ... I89
_. -~ __- _- -- __
Continuous
on cast
immrrsion
specimens
for 24 hours at 68 F
(not age hardened) . E . .. lR4 ... ..,
_. . . . ..,
226
.. ii
_. -.
. ..
-- Continuous immersion for 24 hours
at 68 F on cast specimens
hardened)
(not age
120
‘Jo . . .
..,
Ii0
1.50
r
210
110
Continuous
r~)m temperatwe
immersion for 24 hours
“n strip specimens
at
as
3
*E&l :::
4o:oca
2&L
120
31.5w
follows:J~ 94:500 94x+
Electrolytic
Beryllium
copper..
copper:
0 88 ... ...
Continuous immersion for 24 hours 100% cu
_-
170
-. __-
270
__
1070 750
.. ... ... at 68 F on drawn specimens, 0.32 370
A
H (cold rolled).
(Quenched
AT (quenched
from 1480 F).
from 1480 F and
i:t;
2.!2
”
.., “’ %
62
::: ...
...
...
...
in. diam. x 0.60 in. long (not age
hardened)
2.3% Be
10% Al 3:g 8530 3%
1210
11.580
1%
11.050
Corrosion Rates in Phosphoric Acid and Vapor C Itaining Phc phoric Acld
=
D-80 HsPO 5-95s HaPO
(DrqbpPW (~PPka)
ytt&y
5-95s HaPO ‘1 uanmy of
>uantlties of
FlUOlill~
con~t&h;;g a1 RMist
3PoI 88 P
and
Corn unds Amount of Elemental Traces of
in a c ist of FlUO~lll~ Phoephorue Fluorine
HsPOd Compounds in Store&z Compounds
MATERIAL TESTED Units At 212-239F At 165-185F At 149-158F At 185-212F
_-
Silicon Bronze ........ mdd 29.7 41.6 416 32.1 32.7 7.1
(3.19, Si. 1.1% Mn) iPY 0.0070 O.OioO 0.0054 o.?zo 0.0055 0.0012 O.K?!O
Monel, .............. mdd “i?? 369 86.1 4.9 274
(2.9% Cu). ........ iPY 0.0600 yg$ O.%O 0.0140 O&45
Mild Steel ........... mdd “.?O= Excessive .-2 45.500 “i?? 197
(0.24% C). ........ ipY 0.0310 Excessive ... 3.422 8.3100 0.0040 0.0360
--
(continued)
642 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
CHEMICAL COMPOSITION
Nonferrous Metals and Alloys 643
Co-0-W-C Type
Co-Cr-WiMo-NilFe-C Type
HAYNES alloy No. 25 is a cobalt-base alloy which combines good formability, wear and corrosion resistance with
excellent high-temperature properties to 1900°F (1038’C).
CORROSION RESISTANCE OF HAYNES ALLOY NO. 25
All results are expressed in mils (mm) penetration per year. Acid strengths are given in percent by
weight. In some instances, no measurable penetration could be observed. These instances are noted by
the word. “Nil.” All data are steadv-state as calculated from a minimum of five 24 hr test oeriods.
TYPICAL PENETRATION RATES IN CORROSIVE MEDIA, Mlla (mm) Per Year’
I ACETIC
ACID 1 CHROMIC ACID 1 FORMIC ACID
I 10% I 50% I w% 12% Ilo% I 20% Iml !a% IwYaI 40% I 0% I 80%
15Odeg F 0.1
NII NII NII Ntl ” N,I NII
(66 deg. Cl N8’ ,o”P,, (0%) (cool) - (cool)
Bolllng Nil
,<?& (<%l, (0% (0’59,
I Nil l - I - I,AodTo,I
I - I NilI - I - I N”
150 dep. F
166decl Cl
I - I Nil ( Nil I - I NII I - I NII ( NII 1 -
0.1 0.5 - -
Boiling Nil
- ,<O.Ol) (COO2) - - -
16Odeg F
(71 deg Cl (0%)
19Odeg F
Wdeg ‘3
NITRIC ACID
PHOSPHORIC HVDROFLUORIC
I SULFURIC ACID
Nonferrous Metals and Alloys 645
The name “Wallex” designates a line of cobalt-base Wallex No. 1 and Wallex No. 6, containing chromium
hard-surfacing alloys. All of them resist corrosion and tungsten, are virtually unaffected by the most
well, but they vary in their ability to resist abrasion commonly used corrosive chemicals, and by atmos-
and impact, and in the way they can be applied. pheric corrosion. Wallex Nos. 40 and 50, containing
Wallex alloys would seldom be recommended for chromium and tungsten, but also nickel and boron,
protection against corrosion alone. In most cases, are slightly less corrosion-resistant, but have the
they are chosen for their ability to fight the twin advantage that they can be produced in powder form
hazards of corrosion and abrasion. The specific alloy for ease and efficiency of application, using the
choice depends on a careful analysis of the extent of Colmonoy Spraywelder gun (or Fusewelder torch).
the problem presented by each hazard.
Organic Acid
Acetic Acid 5-99 7 boiling n1i
Cttric Acrd 10 boiling 0 025 (1 0)
Formaldehyde 37 b&ng 00025(01)
Formic Actd 10 bolllng nil
Lactic Acid 1 O-65 b&ng 0 025 (1 0)
Oxalic Acid 10 balling 1.25 (50)
Tarlarlc Acid 20 RT-bolllng nil
Tnchloroacetkc 50 bollfng I-III
Tnchloroethylene 99 bolll!lQ nil
Alkaline
NaOH l-40 RT 0 125 (5.0)
NaOH l-10 96 Embrlttle
KOH 5-40 RT Embrlttle
KOH 1-5 Embrlttle
NH.OH kz nil
Salts
AICI, 25 boiling 0.005 (0.2)
AMSO.), 25 botlmg nil
AIKW.), 10 bolltng 011
C&I, 70 boiltng IllI
WNO,), 40 boiilng nil
F&I, 10 RT-boiling nil
HgCl, saturated boiling 0.0025 (0.1)
KG’& l-10 RT 0.025 (1 .O)
K&O, 1 O-20 96 EmbrIttle
K,PO. 10 RT 0.025 (1 .O)
MQCI, 47 bolllIlQ 0 025 (1 .O)
N&l, saturated and pH = 1 boiling 0.025 (1 .O)
Na,CO, 10 RT 0 025 (1 0)
Na,CO, 10 boiling 0 5 (20)
Na,HSO, 40 boiltng 0 125 (5 0)
NaOCl 6 50 1.25 (50)
Na,PO. 5-10 RT 0.025 (1 .O)
Na,PO. 2.5 96 Embmtle
NH,SO,H 10 boiling 0 025 (1 .O)
Nti, 30 boiling nil
ZnCI, 40-70 bollrIg nil
Mlscellanaous
Bromme liauid 20 nil
Bromine vapor 20 0 025 (1 .O)
Chrome Plating 25% 00,. 12% H,SO. 92 0.125 (5.0)
Solution H,O
Chrome Plating 17% 00,. 2% Na,.QF.. trace H&O, 92 0 125 (5.0)
Solution Hz0
H,O, 30 RT 0.025 (1 .O)
Hz01 30 bolllng 0.5 (20)
648 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
‘;r: A A A A A B-C’
!%a B B 6 : : A 6 C’ : 2
lrwrgMlc ultr
NeutralBelts A-B A-B A-B A-B A-B A-B A-B A-B
Acid Salts B-C B-C B-C ;: BAC B-C
B-C B-C B-C
Abatine 6&s A-B A-B A-B A-B A-B :I: A-B C’
DxktiringSalts C-D CED CAD
MercurySsns ?lD cDD coD D coD cDD c;D :: D
wide
Mineral D
Drgenic A.-B BFC B:C BDC ADB E : *CDD A-DB 6-DC
w&tynyd#
carboik P stem A A A A A A A A A A
lllfw compound*
w
Moist i? :: 2 c i?i ! : t I! t
lmmon*
Moist
AmmomumSalts
A=Albys givenan “A rating hew a provenhrstoryof excellentperforma~* m these environments. C=The alby hm fair resistanceto the specMcsnvkonmenl.
6=Albys whbh how a provenhistoryof goodconosbn resistancein the specific snviroomant D=Tho alby is not w~able for use in thisenvimnment.
‘Tends to dezmnc~ty.
use other alloys.
Srlver SearingA
I Cl0200 I sheet
I 1tube
1Cl1400 1sheet
99.95 0
9995 0
99.900
I
lo-15 oz. srlver per ton
I I 0.323
0 322
fOd 99~0
Red Brass. 85% C23000 sheet 650 150 0316
tube 650 150
Cartndge Brass. 70% C26ooo sheet 70.0 300 0306
rod 700 30.0
tube 70.0 I 300 I
Muntz Metal.1 C26000 sheet 60.0 1 40.0 1 I I I I 0303
Admiralty Metal (Arsenical) c44309 tuba 71.0 1 28.0 I As0.05 I I 1.0 I I 033.2
Naval Brass C46-400 sheet M).O 3925 0.75 0304
rod 60.0 3925 0.75
Free Cutting Naval Brass c46500 rod 60.0 37.5 1.75 0 75 0305
Revalon’ (Aluminum Brass) c66700 IUtxs 76.0 220 As005 Al 20 0301
Copper-Nickel, 10% C70600 sheet
Copper-Nickel. 10% 1c70600 1tube
Copper-Nrckel. 30% 1C71WO 1 sheet
Es;:::
COPPER, ARSENICAL ADMIRALTY
SALT MANUFACTURE
COPPER, ARSENICAL ADMIRALTY,
CUPRO NICKEL, 30% 715;
20% no; 10% 706
(continued)
650 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
TABLE 5.13: COPPER AND COPPER ALLOYS-ARC0 METALS, AMERICAN BRASS (continued)
COPtEK-
LOW-ZINC HIGH-ZINC WOSPHOR ALUMINUM SILICON CUPRO NICKEL
COWER BRASS BRASS SPECIAL BRASS BRONZE BRONZE ALLOYS NICKEL SILVER
CO*MIRCIAt CAPTPIOGf TOBIll ‘CVIRDUR .tUPRO I
IROll2f 220 BRASS 160 wloll2t ,6,, 655 “ICIfL. SItVtR
I 109, 706 II% 152
CRCnlTECTURAL
/ lRSENlCAL
BRONZl
385 ADMIRALI”
(13
1
cuno
IIICKtt.
I
RED lRASS MUllI AIMBRALO”- ;~wlo” AMBRALO” f”fROUR 30% 716
230 1 1 .,‘i’ 266 1! l1 ‘i 630 651
10) 624
I
! 1 1 I
Acetic Acid 6BBBDDDDCC;e ‘e e e e e e
Acetic Anhydride B B B B D D D D C C B B B B B B 6 B
Acetone A A A A A A’A A A A A A A A A A A A
Acetylene* D D D D D A A A D D D D D D D D D D
Alcohols A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A
Alum B B II B D D D D B B B B B B B B A B
Alumina A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A
Aluminum Chloride B B B B D D D D C C B B 6 B B B B B
Aluminum Hydroxide A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A
Aluminum Sulfate B B B B D D D D B B B B B B B B A B
Ammonia, absolutely dry A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A
Ammonia, moist D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D c” D
Ammonium Hydroxide D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D C D
Ammonium Chloride D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D C D
Ammonium Nitrate D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D C D
Ammonium Sulfate C C C C D D D D D D C e C c c c B c
Amy1 Acetate A A A A B B B ll A A A A A A A A A A
Amy1 Alcohol A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A
Aniline c c c c c” c” c c c c C c c c c :
Aniline Dyes c c c c : c :ccccc C c c c c c
Asphalt A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A
Atmosphere. Industrial A A A A B B B B A A A A A A A A A A
Atmosphere, Marine A A A A B B B B A A A A A A A A A A
Atmosphere, Rural A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A
Barium Carbonate A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A
Barium Chloride B B B B D D D- D C : B B B B B B B B
Barium Hydroxide A A A A 0 B B B A A A A A A A A A A
Barium Sulfate A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A
Barium Sulfide C :CCBBBBBI c” c C C C C 8 B
Beer’. A A A A B B B B A A A A A A A A A A
Beet Supar Syrups A A A A 0 B B B A A A A A A A A A A
(continued)
Nonferrous Metals and Alloys 651
TABLE 5.13: COPPER AND COPPER ALLOYS-ARC0 METALS, AMERICAN BRASS bntinued
COPPER-
LOW-ZINC HlClLZlNC PHOS?HOR ALUMINUM SILICON CUPRO NICKEL
BRASS IRASS SPECIAL BRASS IRONZE DRONZE ALLOYS NICKEL SILVER
I- -
CARTRIOOE ” CUIRO
rznI
COMMEWlAl TOIIN NICKEL
BRASS 260 KICKEL. SILVER.
10% 106 10% 752
AKtUTECTURAL
BR0ll2E 3*5 ADIiRALTV 443 cum0
KICK&
30% 115
I
1 1 1
Benrine A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A
Benzoic Acid AAAABBBBAAAA A A A A A A
Ben1ol A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A
block Liquor. Sulfate ProcessC C C C D D D D D C C C C c c c B c
Bleaching Powder. Wet B B B B 0 D D D 0 B B 0 B B B B B 8
BCWtJX A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A
Bordeaux Mixture A A A A 0 B B B A A A A A A A A A A
Boric Acid A A A A B B B B A A A A A A A A A A
Brines B B B 8 D D D C B S B A 0 B B A A A
Bromine, Dry A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A
Bromine, Moist B B B B D D D D C C B B B B B B B B
BlMolle A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A
Butyl Alcohol A A A A A
Butyric Acid : A” :ACCc*C:::: A : : r” A^ A”
Calcium Bisultite B B B I) D D D 0-B B B 6 B B B B B B
Calcium Chloride B B B B D D D C B B B A B B B A A A
Calcium Hydroxide A A A A B B 8 B A A A A A A A A A A
Calcium Hypochlorite B B B B D D D D B B B B B B B B B B
Cone Sugar Syrups AAAABBBBAAAA A A A A A A
Carbolic Acid B B B B 8 B B B B I) B B B B B B B B
Carbon Dioxide, Dry A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A
Carbon Dioxide, Moist B B B B c c c c B B B B B B B B 8 B
Carbonated Water B 8 B B C C C C B B B B B B B B B B
Carbonated Beverages** B B B B C C C C B B B B B B B a B
carbon Dirulfide BBBBAAAAAAB: B B B B B 8
carbon Tetrachloride, Dry * A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A
Carbon Tetrochlorida, MoisttB B B B D D D D B B B B B B B B A B
Castor Oil A A A A A A A A A A A A A A ._
A A A A
Chlorine, Dry A A A A A A * A A
Chlorine, Moist c” c : c” o* D D D c” c t: c B c
_Chloracetic Acid B B B B D D D D B B II B B B
Chloroform, Dry A A A A A A A A A A A A- A A AA A A
<hromic Acid D D D D D D D D D D D 0 0 0 D D D D
Cider** L. 1 1 _ _ _ 1 1 1 A A A A A
A A A
Citric Acid** A A - A A A A A A
c_off.o**
copper Chloride
‘COPP erNitrate C C C
:
C
A
D
D
A
D
D
A
D
D
A
D
D C
:
C
A
c
C
A
c
C C
A
C
c c c
:
c
A
c
C
coppu Sulfot. B B B B D D D D B 8 B B B B 8 B B B_
Corn Oil** A A A A 0 8 8 B A A A A A A A A A A
Cottonseed Oil** AAAABBBBAAAA A A A A A A
Czr0tO A A A A B B A A A A A A A A A A
Crude Oil B B B B C : c : B B B B B B B 8 A B
E!hars A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A
Ethyl Acetate A A A A D B B B A A A A A A A A A A
Ethyl Alcohol A A A A A A A A A A A A A
Ethyl Chloride a B B : a n B B B B B B B B
Etitylone Glycol AAAABBBBAAAA A A A A A A
F&c
_.. Chloride D D D D D D D D 0 D D 0 D D D D D D
Ferric
-___ Sulfate D D D D D 0 D D D D D D D D D D D D
Ferrous Chloride B B B B D D D D B Et 6 B 8 B B B B B
F~rJOUI Sulfat. B B B 6 D D D b B B 6 6 B B B B B B
Formaldehyde A A A A A A A A A
Formic Acid A A A A A A A A A
Fre0fl A A A A A A A A A A A 4 A A A _A.
Fruit Juicer** B a a B : D D D : C B B B B B B I>
--7
F_u.l 011 A A A A B A A A A A A A A A A
hrf&Ol A A A : c : A A A A A A A A A A
G~s_olin* A A A ~AAAAAAAA A A A A A A
G*lotin*** A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A AA
Glucor.*’ A A A A A A A A
EIU. A *
A A A A
B A
B A
B “Pi
B : A A A A_A.L_A A 4
(continued)
652 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
TABLE 5.13: COPPER AND COPPER ALLOYS-ARC0 METALS, AMERICAN BRASS (continued)
cottfu-
low-zIwc HICKZlWC tHOStHOI ALUMlNUM SlLlCOW CUtRO NICKEL
COttfR BRASS BRASS WECIAL BRASS NICREL SILVER
&Ii.-i. D : :~ 2 YYYY_
A-~~ A
-.-.A A_-----ZA
A AAAA-A
A A : *A c^ :-:-:-A A A A A A A A A A.
_A A A A C C C C A A A A A A A A
A A A A A i A A A A-A7 -A+ A A.-:-A
jy~~~hn~&C> 0 _@.-B_.LB.C C C C B B B B B B 8 B _B_-_I)
Poralfin A AA-A A A A __- A _____~_ A A A A A___A
Phosphoric Acid B B B> D : D D c” : B : B._____ B B B B B
%t&&~arbk.not~ A A A B B 6 A A A A
%i&Chl&id~ B B B LDDCBB e” A B B B A A
P_o~&s~~m_~h_~~mote
~_____ A A A A A__~ A A A A A A A A A A A
PoJorrium Cyonid_e D* 0” D D D .D d D D D D D D DD D D_.D
Potosrium Dichromate, Acid D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D ..D
Potassium Hydroxide B B B B C C C C B B B B 0 6B A A_-;
Potassium Sulfate AAAABBBBAAAA A A A A A
Propane A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A__!
Ken ~~ A- A A A A A A AA A A A 4_..AA.A
Sea Water B B B B A B ~__ B A A _A
SeW3ge A A A A ~--- A A A A___-. A
Silver Salts _D D D D D D D D___ D D D D D D D D__~_ D
Soap Solutions AAAABBBBAAAA A A A A A A
Sodium Bkarbonate
~__~____ B_ _B B B c c c- B 6 B B B-_____ B B A-- A A
Sodium Bisulfote B B B B D D D ; B B 6 6 B B B A A A
Sodium Bisulftto --B-B-B B__ D__ D D C B B B_B B B B AA__A
Sodium Corbonote A A A A B-- B B-__ A ___~__
A A A.~ A A A--- A ___ A A
fodwm
__~ Chloride B B B B D D D : B- B B A B B B A A A
Sodium Chromate A A A A A A A A
.-___ A A A A A A A_~_____
A A A
SodiUmCyanibe D D D D-. D D D D D D D__p D D
--i-
Sodwm Di&omote, Acid D D : :: : : D D D D D B D D-- D D
---
Sodium Hydroxade c c : 9 a B B D B A A A
%&urn Hypochlorite : :, : : D D D D : c : c C c c c B B
SXiuGiNhate B B B B c c c c B a B 0 B B S__A A A
(continued)
Nonferrous Metals and Alloys 653
TABLE 5.13: COPPER AND COPPER ALLOYS-ARC0 METALS, AMERICAN BRASS (continued)
corrfu-
LOW-ZINC HIGH-ZINC rHosrHOu ALUMINUM SIllCOn CUPRO NlCKfl
COwfR BRASS BRASS SILCIALBRASS BROHZf KRONZE ALLOYS NlCKfl SllVfR
--
cLEcTnoLvlIc COYYLRClAl CARlIDlx
Sodium Peroxide C C C C D D D D C C C C C C C I) B B
Sodium Phosphate A A A A B B B B A A A A A A A A A A
Sodium Silicate
-- AAAABBBBAAAA A A A A A A
Sodium Sulfate
_ - AAAABBBBAA A A A A
Sodium SultIde C C C C B B B B B B c^ c
Sodium Sulfite B D D D D it B B B B 6 B B 8-B
Sodium
_.- Thiosulfote 9 c ::BBBBBBCC __~ C c c c B_.B
Steam A A A A C C A __~ A A A A.~ B B A A_e
%:&Acid B B B B C C c” B ____-B B B B B B B B B
Supor Solutions AbiAABBBBAAAA A A A A A A
SGtfu;7bry B B 6 B A A i A A B B B B B B B A kt
+lfur, Moltfn D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D
S&fur Chlortde,__Dry A A A A A A A A~- A A A A A A A A A A
Sulfur Dioxide, Dry AA A A A A A A A A A A A A A A AA
Sulfvr Dioxide, Moist B B B B D D D D B B B B B B B C C C
Sulfur Trioxide, Dry A A A A A A A A A A A__ A A A A A A A
Sulfuric Acidft B B 8 B D D D D_ t k i f El II B B B B
Sulfurous Acid 8 0 0 B D D D D B B _B C C--C
~annic Acid A A A A 0 B B B A A A A A A A A A A
Tar A A A A B B B B A A A A A A A A A _A
lartoric Acid** AAAACCCCAAAA A A A A A _A
r_o!ce2e A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A
~i<hJoroca(icAcid B B B ____.B D d D D C C B B B B-7 B B
lrichlorethylene. Dry A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A-&-
~__~~ -. A
lrichlorethylene. Moist B B B B C C C C B B B B B 4 B B-_-A B
--- ..-
Turpentme A A A A A
Varnish - A-. A A ._ P A
OiGgkor** ____-. B - fl-.-- B B _~...D
-A D
c~~~_.cD~- D
C..-A C ~-a--A-~.-A--
C B B ~~--I__ E_ a~__8 ___B B
w2GG--FGw
I A~_.~______~~~~
A A ~.. .__~ ~~ ~ A A A A A A
Zinc Chloride C_
___~ C C C D D ___D -___D C C__ (I_ C ..c __ c c c _~_C c
Zinc Sulfate B B-. B B_____D D D ._ D _____~_
B B B B .__ ~~B _B -_B___ B___ B B
*Copper and copper alloys are not attacked by dry gases at room temperature or lower. Acetylene forms an explosive compound
with copper when moist and alloys containing more than 65% copper should not be used with the wet gas under pressure. Moist
carbon dioxide is corrosive to brasses high in zinc but may be handled by other copper alloys. Tin coatings are highly resistant
to moist carbon dioxide. Moist chlorine gas is corrosive to all copper alloys. Sulfur dioxide and sulfur trioxide in the presence of
moisture form sulfurous and sulfuric acid, respectively. Copper, Red Brass, Everdur, Phosphor Bronze and Cupro Nickel, 30%
715 should be considered for handling these gases when moist.
**Copper and its alloys are resistant to corrosion by most foods and beverages. However, consideration must be given to the possi-
bility that such products handled in equipment made of copper or its alloys may dissolve traces of copper in amounts sufficient
to discolor the product or alter its taste. In such cases it is recommended that the metal be tin-coated.
TCopper alloys are resistant to most organic solvents such as the acetates, alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, petroleum solvents and
ether. Organic acids in aqueous solution may be handled by copper and most copper alloys but corrosion will be accelerated if
air is present. Binary copper-zinc alloys containing more than 15% zinc may be attacked by dezincification corrosion. Copper
alloys may be definitely corroded by chloride hydrocarbons, such as carbon tetrachloride and trichloroethylene, at the boiling
point in the presence of moisture unless the hydrocarbons are stabilized by a neutralizer. Of the copper alloys, Cupro Nickel,
30% 715 and tin-coated metal offer the best resistance to moist chloride hydrocarbons.
ttCopper and copper alloys are rapidly corroded by oxidizing acids such as nitric and chromic. Corrosion by other acids is generally
dependent on the presence of oxygen or some other oxidizing agent in the solution. Brasses containing not more than 15% zinc,
and special brasses, can be used with many acids, but, in general, high-zinc brasses should not be used with acids due to the dan-
ger of rapid corrosion by dezincification. Copper, Red Brass, Phosphor Bronze, Everdur, Aluminum Bronze and Cupro Nickel
offer good resistance to corrosion by hot and cold dilute sulfuric acid and to corrosion by cold concentrated sulfuric acid. Inter-
mediate concentrations of sulfuric acid sometimes are less corrosive to copper alloys than either concentrated acid or dilute
acid. Concentrated sulfuric acid may be corrosive at elevated temperatures due to breakdown of the acid with the formation of
metallic sulfides and sulfur dioxide gas causing localized pitting attack. Tests indicate that the copper alloys may be corroded by
pitting attack by 90 to 95% sulfuric acid at about 122OF (5O’C). by 80% acid at about 16O’F (71’C) and by 60% acid at about
212’F (1OO’C).
(continued)
654 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
TABLE 5.13: COPPER AND COPPER ALLOYS-ARC0 METALS, AMERICAN BRASS (continued)
Corrosion of Lead
Corrosion of Chemical Lead Corrosion of Lead in Hydrochloric Acid at
in Phosphoric Acid at 70°F (21°C) in Nitric Acid 75°F (24°C)
Solution
I Corrosion rate-mpy (a)
Solution !T Solution
Chmniul
May (a)
lead 6% antimonial
mPY (8)
lead
Hydrochloric Acid-Ferric
Chloride Mixtures at
75°F (24°C) Effect of Sulfuric Acid on the Corrosion
of Lead by Fluosilicic Acid at 113°F (45°C)
-r
Chemical lead 6% antimonial lead
5% Ha
lO%HCJ
SOlUtiOll
+ 5% Fe Cl,
w
26
(a)
-4 mpy (0
37
I Solution
5% H,SiF.
5% H,SiF, + 5% H,SO,
Chemvxl
mPY
53
9
lead
I
6% antimonial
mPY
77
14
lead
+ 5% Fe Cl, 41 76
10% H,SIF, 64 115
15% HCI
10% H.SiF. + 1% H.SO. 66 76
+ 5% Fe Cl, ea 160
20% tia 1% H,SiF, + 10% H,SO, 4 9
+ 5% Fe Cl, 150 190 I
1
1 122°F (WC)
2
I Solution
Chsm#cal lead
mpy I
G%anlimonal
mPY
lead
1% HCI + 9% H,SO, 5 9 5 12
3% HCI + 7% H,SO, 14 32 21 41
5% HCI + 5% H.SO, 14 42 21 65
7% HCI + 3% H.SO, 16 45 22 74
9% HCI + 1% H.SO, 16 47 30 64
castor 3
Tallow 12
Olive 3
Cod liver 6
Neatsfoot 11
Fish 11
I Vegetable
peanut
23
16 I
Sulfonatlon with 93% sulfurk scld (66’ 6.0)
I Naphthalene
Phenol
I Bauxite
Bauxite
+ sulfuric acod-boiling
+ sulfunc acid-boiling
3
I
Evaporator
I Benzol (crude)-treatment
neutralized with lime
with3%s”lf”ricacid washed with water,
140 60 6 I
Polym~rlz~tlon
(continued)
658 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
ifz$?ff ~
-
Corrosion Rate of Lead in Chemical Environments (Continued)
CO"CS"- Corrosion
) trstion %
I ClssI Temp T
Co”os”-
rsll0” %
carroslor
CISSS
D 65 - A
I=
- B 75 10 D
Alkyl naphthalen S”lfO”iC Lltid - C 75-212 - I3
- B Aniline sulfite 75-212 - B
- C I Anthrscsne 75-212 - B
Ally1 sulfide 1 75 - D Anthrsqutnone 75-212 - El
Aluminum fluosilicste - B
Aluminum format0 10 e-
Alummum formste - B
AIU”WW~ hydroxide - e
Aluminum nitrate - D
Aluminum potsssium sulfate 75-212 10-20 A Azobenrene 75-212 - B
Ammoszobenzene 75 IO-70 D
Amuwbenrens sulfonlc scld 75-212 10 D
Aminobenzoic scid 75-200 IO-30 Et
Aminophenol 10 cl
Aminosslicylic acid - 0
Ammonia - B
-
I
Benzldine 212 B
Benzidine dlsulfonic acid 2.2 75-212 - B
Benridine 3 sulfonlc acid 75-212 - B
I
Ammonium formate Benzllic scid 75-212 10-100 B
Ammonium hydroxide Ben~obenzolc acid 75-212 - B
Ammonium hydroxylsmine 65-212 34 B Benzocathscol I 75-212 - B
-
Ammonium
Ammonium
Ammonium
metaphosphste
nitrate
~~stst~
I Banzolc
Bs”ZOl
Benzonltrlle
acid
I
75
75
75-;12
loo
-
0
A
A
Be”ZOPhe”O”S 75-212 -
I
Ammonium persulfate 75-212 10-30 A
I--+
Ammonium phosphate 150 - Benzotrtchloride 75-212 - B
Ammonium picrste 75-212 10 Benzotrifluorlde 75-212 - B
-
I
Ammonium polysulfide 75-212 10 Bsnzoyl chloride 212 C
Ammonlum sulfsmste 75-212 10 Benroyl peroxlde 75-212 - B
Ammonium sulfate 75 - Benzvt acetate 75-212 - B
-
Ammonium
Ammonium
Ammonium
sulfide
sulfite
thlocysnsts + NH,OH
75-212
75-212
75
C
B
A
I Banzyl alcohol
Etenzylbutyl
EIe”zyl cetlulws
phithslste
75-212
75-212
75-212
-
-
B
B
El
-
I
Ammonium tungststs 75 Benzyl chlortde 75-212 B
Amy1 scntste 75 Benzyt ethyl anlllm) 75-212 - B
Amvl chloride 75 Benwtphenol 75-212 - B
(continued)
Nonferrous Metals and Alloys 659
Carbon fluorides
Carbonic acid
Butyl butyrate
Butyfic aldehydes
Calcium benr
Calcium blurbonate
Calcium bromide
Calcium chloride
(continued)
660 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
I
Chloroxylols
Cholesterol Diphenylamine
Chromic acid
Chromic chloride
Eplchlorohydrin
Ethyl auttate
0 - creBsoI + 1wowater
Crolonaldehyde
Ferric ferrocyamde
Dmthylsmme 75 - D
Dwthylanlline 75-212 - e
Dlethylene glycol 75-125 - B
Odluoroethane 75-212 - 0
Daglycollc acld 75 - 0
Olhydroxydiphenylsultone 75-212 - e
Dllsobutyl 75-212 - B
Oxalic ecld
Perchloroethylene
OllllllZFl~l~ 75-212 - B
OUl!lOllW 75-212 - 0
OWlOIl 75-212 10 B
(Continued)
662 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
stannlc
Chemlcel
tetrachl0rla.3 (dry)
I Temp “F
75
I Concen-
tratlon %
100
Corrosion
class
B
Stannous blsulfate 75-212 10 B
stannous chlorlae I 75 10-50 cl
sulfur trlorlae 75 90 B
Sulfurtic .3c+a (Sea figure)
sulfurous ac8a I 140 I - A
SUlfUfyl chlorlae 75 - B
Tannma matures I 70 I - B
Tsnrw .3cla 75 zo-loo D
Thlophosphoryl chlorlae 75 - B
Tetrachlorethene 145 - A
Teamum sulfate 75-212 10-30 B
Tewwm tetrachlonae 75 - B
Toluene 75-212 - A
Toluene-sultochlorlae 75 + - A
Thnchloroethylene
Trlchloronltromethane
Trlathanolamme 140 0.4
Triphenyl phosphlte 80 -
S&urn percarbonate 75 - D Turpentme 75 -
sodium peroxIde 75 10 D Vmyl chlonaa 75 10
In the table the concentration of the chemical is shown in percent. Values of 100% refer to the pure substance in
dry or liquid form. Concentrations less than 100% refer to water solutions of the chemical. The other column in the
table indicates whether or not a test under actual operating conditions is warranted. A “Yes” in this column means
that magnesium is basically resistant to the chemical or that laboratory tests have shown enough promise to warrant
testing under actual service conditions.
Suitability of Testing Magnesium in Various Substances
NCONEL
;y;y
NCONEL
IllOY
125
la 3.6
nickel-
NCONEL A hi h-chromium modification of
chromiun IllDY INCbEL alloy 600. Good resistance to
890 oxidizing chemicals and sulfur-con-
taining gases. High mechanical
properties.
LI(INfNEL Age-hardenable
rosion and oxidation
alloy with good cor-
resistance.
f-750 Excellent relaxation resistance. 73.0 7.0 15.5 Ti 2.5
(continued)
Nonferrous Metals and Alloys 665
INCOLOY
alloy G-E
G-E G-E
eooH 12.5 46.0
nickel-
G-E G-E G-E G-E G-E G-E
iron- 21.5 G-E G-E
chromiu
- -
- - -
HUNTINGTOI
alloy
45.0 G-E G-E G-E A G-E G-E G-E G-E
6041 25.5
_ _ _
A mckel-won chromium alloy with good
high-temperature strength and corro- G-E G-E G-E
sion resistance. Provides good resist-
ance to oxidation and carburization.
ALLOY CHARACTERISTICS
HASTELLOYe alloy B-2-An improved wrought anhydride. sea water and brine solutions. It isone cf HAS’TELLOY alloy G-A columbium-stabilrzed,
“ersro” of HASTELLOY allov B Allov B-2 has the the few matenals that resists the corrosive effects of mckel-base alloy with excellent resistance to hot
fame excellent corrosion resistance as alloy S. but wet chlorme gas, hypochlorite and chlorine dioxide SulfurlCandphosphoricacrds AlloyG will wlthstand
with Improved resistance to kmfe-lme and heat- solutrons Alloy C-276 resists the formation of grarn- the Corrosive affects of both oxldizrng and reducing
atfected.zone attack This alloy resists the formation boundary precipitates in the weld heat-affected agents and can handle both acid and alkaline
of grain-boundarv carbide preciprtates in the weld zone thus makina it applicable for most chemical solutions It resists pltttng and has exceptional re-
he&-affected zonk, thus making ‘it suitable for most process uses in tiie as-welded condition. It has ex- sistance to stress-corrosron crackrng
chemical process appl!cabons m the as-welded con- cellent resistance to pittmg and stress-corrosion
drtion. Alloy B-2 also has excellent resistance to pn- cracking HASTELLOY alloy X-A heat-resistant, nickel-base
tmg and stress-corrosion cracking It is particularly alloy rdeally suited for chemical plant equipment It
well suited for equipment handlmg hydrogen HASTELLOY alloy C-4-A new nickel-chromlum- has good high-temperature strength and excep-
chlonde gas, and hydrochloric, sulfuric, acetic, and molydenum alloy with improved high-temperature tional resistance to oxidrzing atmospheres.
phosphoric acids. stability as evidenced by high ductility and cor-
rosion resistance even after long-time aging in the CABOT6 alloy No. 625 has hrgh strength and
HASTELLOY alloy C-27B-An improved wrought 1200 to 1900 deg. F (649 to 1038 deg C) range. This toughness from cryogenic temperatures to 2000
version of HASTELLOY alloy C with vastly improved alloy resists the formation of gram-boundary deg F (1093 deg C). Its fatigue strength is excep-
fabncabilrty. It has outstanding resistance to a wide precipitates in the weld heat-affected zone. thus bona1 This alloy derives its strength from the stiffen-
variety of chemical process envtronments including making It suitable for most chemical process ap- ing effect of molybdenum and columbium on Its
strong oxidizers. i.e., ferric andcupricchlorides. hot plications in the as-welded condition. Alloy C-4also nickel-chromium matrix. In addnion to good ox-
contaminated mineral acids, solvents. chlorine and has excellent resistance to stress-corrosion crack- idation resistance, the alloy also reststscorrosiveat-
chloride-contammated media (organic and mor- ing and to oxidizing atmospheres up to 1900 deg. F tack by many other media; it is virtually immune to
ganic). dry chlorine, formic and acetic acids, acetic (1036 deg. C). chloride-ton, stress-corrosion cracking.
ed 1 hr 8, lKrOF1871Cl
-- a at 17oOF19270
FnmllCAcid 40 Bolllng 73 0 19 Averagecl four 24hr perrods
88 BOlllng 93 0 24 Avera9.zof lour 24.hr pet~Js
25 N,l NII tOcMr lest
25 0.5 <o 02 1Whr test
25 472 12 tW_hr.test
34 0 86 A”er.?9eOf four 24-M tests
NnncAd 10 0.7 coo2 24hr te’
65 20 0.61 Avera9eof f+ve48-h, ,
PhOIPhWlC
Acid 55 Bolbng 63
70 240!116, 12
70 300,,491 11
_. .~
50 199 (93) 0.4 001 96-h, test
85 BWll”Q 67
.~
50 Bo,,m0 24 006 96hr test
681201 NII
sueunc
Acid 10 Borlrng 37 094 Average cf lo”, 24-h, per,&
95,351 Nd
30 Bodmg 231 59 Averageof f01lr24-h, perrods
122,501 01
50 Bodmg 960 24 Average of four 24.hr ~er,ods
1491651 0 1
Room 01 <o 003 4Bhr lest
176 1801 NII
122,501 a1 21 48-h, ter,,
194 190, Nd
15800) 196 47 48-h, test
KEY
E EXCellent Lass than 2 mllr (O.OSmm) penetratlon per year
No Data
(continued)
Nonferrous Metals and Alloys 667
Trpr
316
HASTELLOY~ alloy Shin-
_ less
Corrosive Medic G/G-2 1 C/C-276 1 G Stnl Conditions
Acetaldehyde 98 135 57 - E -- plus 2 percent low bml~ng material. 129 day test in top of tower
Acebc Acid 2.5M 1 212 1 100 1 - I - 1 -E 1 E 1 immersed: aeratw lab test 41 6 days
Acebc Acid 4.5 347 175 - E -- plus 56 percent butane, 2 percent water. 10 percent mtrogen, 1 percent
carbon dmxlde, 27 percent other organ~cs Alloy C ~0 I mpy
Acebc Acid 10 214 101 G - E Immersed, comparison of heat transfer CoAdltlons with slmple ~mmetwn
test. Corrodent renewed every 48 hrs.. total time 95 hrs
Acetlc Acid 10 300 149 E --- plus prop!o”~ and higher acids. 2to 3 percent
hardwood tar creosote 011s
Acetic Acid I 20 I 210 I 99 I - I E l-/-i 30 percent H,O. balance acetaldehyde Allay C = 0 7 mpy
Acetlc Acid 20.8 aolllng B01lmg _ E - plus 0 02 percent sallcylates 192.hr test under reflux
Acehc Ac!d 21 239 115 - G -- plus 1 percent formic acid. 78 percent water Alloy C = a mpy (wolent
agltatlon of solution)
Acetlc Acid 24 1 230 1 110 I-1 E I- - some chlwde contammabon Alloy C = 0 6 mpy
Acebc Actd 25 220 104 - E -- plus 1.5 percent formic acid. 99.129.day test
Acebc Aud 30 275 135 - -- plus a percent formic aad. Alloy C = 12 mpy
Acebc Acid 30-40 230 110 - -- plus 5 2 percent formic acid Alloy C = 0 5 mpy
Acebc Aud 30-50 220 104 - -- plus Z-10 percent Iormlc aud and total 5 percent methyl formate.
acetaldehyde, methyl acetate. ethyl acetate. acetone. methyl alcohol
Allay C = 7 mpy
Acetlc Acid 40 347 175 - E -- plus 20 percent butane. 5 percent pentane. a percent ethyl acetate. 5
percent methyl ethyl ketone. 6 percent propu~mc acid. esters. and
ketones Alloy C = 0 7 mpy
Acebc Actd 44 212 100 U E -- plus 34 percent amyl alcohol, trace 01 chlorides 792.hr test. Alloy C = 1 0
mPY
(continued)
668 Corrosion Resistant Materials Handbook
Acebc Aad I 51 1 275 1 135 1 - 1 E 1 - 1 - / plus30 percent propb~n~c acld. I1 5 percent acebc anhydrlde. 7.5
percent proplow anhydrlde. Alloy C = 0.2 mpv
Acetlc Aad 55.5 219 104 - E -- plus 0.016 percent sal~cyl~c acad. 1380.hr test an vapors
Acehc Acld 57 1 100 ( 38 1 - 1 E 1-1-I plus 30.3 percent H?SO,. 12.3 percent H,O. lhqud and vapor phase
Acebc Ac!d I 60 I B.P. I B.P. I - 1 G I - I - I PIUS 10 percent stbcvlates. 1 percent naphtha. Allov C = 46 mpv
Acebc Acid 60 221 105 - E -- plus 2 percent format acid. 38 percent water. Alloy C = 1.2 mpy
Acebc Acid 60 356 180 - E -- plus 18 percent hydrocarbons. 9 percent esters, 8 percentC0.5 percent
water Alloy C = 2 mpy
Acetlc Actd I 67 I 273 I 134 I - I E I - / - / plus33percent prop~omc acid. Alloy C = 0.2 mpv
Acetkc Acld 72 267 131 G G -- tests for selecbon of materul for an acebc acid recovery column lor an
acetaldehyde wt. 91 hrs.
Acebc Acld 75 258 126 - E -- DIM 20 oercent or~amcs and 5 oercent water Allov C = 0.3 mov
Acehc Acid I 80 / 195 IgllGIGI--I--I~ PIUS 2 3 percent formic actd. 3-5 percent prop~on~c acld. ethvlacetate
small amount water (ethylacetateacetlc acid azeotrope dlstlllabon
process) Alloy C = 4 0 mpy. 1126.hr test.
Acebc Acid 85 167-257 75.125 - E -- plus ‘h percent acetaldehyde. 5 percent water Extenswe aerabon.
Alloy C = 1.4 mpy
Acebc Acid 85 237.273 / 114-134 1 - / E 1 - / - / macebc anhydrlde pwbcabon. Plus 10 percent acetic anhydnde. 5
I percent water. acetone. acetondnde. ammes. etc. Alloy C = 0 1 mpy
Acebc Aud 89 251 plus I1 percent man~anousacetate. 0 15 MnO,. 58 ppm Cl.. a trace 01
I j lz5 1 ” 1 ’ 1 - 1 - / formic ac,d
Acebc Aad I 90 I 225 I 107 ) - I E i-1-1 plus 10 percent manganese acetate. Alloy C = 3 mpv
Acebc Acld I 90 I 275 I 135 I - 1 E I - I - I olus 10 percent proo,onu aad. Allov C = 1 mov
percent
sa Icy IC XI
Acebc Acid 99.6 244 118 E --E Immersed. comparison 01 heat transfer condlbons wth slmple mm~err~on
test. Carrodent renewed every 48 hrs. total time 96 hrs
Acebc Acid 99 6.99 9 216 102 - E -- 0 7 mpv, plus 60 ppm sodaurn dlchromate
(anhydrous)
Acebc Acid. Glacml - 675 m vapors and catalyst during manufacture of .%et~c anhydrbde by
1 357 1 E 1 E 1 - / - 1 pyrolysis Alloy C = 0 1 mpy
Acetlc Acid. Glacial 1247 675 E E -- vapor velocdy, 175 It/w, 1776.hr test Spool exposed m Inlet leg of
reactor cml I” acetic anhydrade (99 percent acebc acid plus catalyst),
Alloy C = 0 1 mpy
Acebc AnhydrIde 50 297 plus 40 percent ethylene dlamme tetra-acetlc acid and 10 percent
1 lb7 1 - / E 1 - 1 - j acetlc acld
A;eilc Anhvdrlde I 60 I 284 I 140 / E 1 E 1 - I - / olus40 percent acebc anhydrlde. Alloy C = m SPY
Acebc Anhydnde 99 310 154 - E -- plus 1 percent acetlc acid and violent agltabon
Acetone - - E -- activated carbon used lor absorbmg plus traces 01 methylene chloride
Allov C = 0 1 mpy
Acetone 60 176 80 G --- plus 30 percent methyl acetate, 10 percent acetaldehyde pH 5.6
Acetylene Tetrachkwde - 108.120 42-49 - E -- excess Cl, = IO-21 grams/lder Dissolved Fe=0 15-l 65 grams/liter. HCI
1Crudel = 0.7-6.6 Rrams/bter
Acetylene Tetrachlartde at top and bottom 01 dlstlllabon Column. m vapor and llquld
Acombc Aad 185.194 85.90 - E -- plus NaOH, H&O,. and sodturn metablsulllde Alloy C gamed wetght
sbghtly
AI,, Exhaust - 110 43 G E G G aerabon. saturated wth water and contammg chlormated solvents and
other organu compounds
Alkylate, Butane - 128 53 E E -- during petroleum rellnmg m depropanlzer tower. vapor and lhquld
and LlRhter Allov C = 0 I mm
Alkylbenzene Sulfonate 71 140 60 G --u 24 hrs lab test (wgorous stlrrmg)
Alkyl Benzene. - 100-130 38-54 E E -- m settlmg tank and sullonabon tank durmg detergent manulacture Alloy
Sulfomc Acid C=06mpy
TYpr
316
Stain-
stwl Conditions
-
plus phosphated alumma hydrate (60” Bk H,SOJ 65 percent alumna
hydrate, 75 percent H,POa
-
_ LIF, N&I, NaF, specimens VW! alternately exposed to wand molten flux
over lO.day pernod
-
- as m ethyl benzene productmn. !somerlzatlon. Fwdel Crafts synthesis
-
- plus HCI at 250 pr,
-
_ AICI, 85%. NaCl 12%. Al20] 3%. Fe& 700 ppm lnlbally AICI, 35.60%
NaCl 8.9%. Al,01 30.55%. &Cl, 0.5.1 5% flnal
_ no aeratton
_
- AI>FJOd to pH = 2.3 Alloy C = 0 4 SPY
- Alloy C = 24 mpy
-
-
_
-
-
_ *paper makers alum
_
-
-
-
-
I” cm descallng Plus 0.01 percent ferric and 0 03 percent lerrous 10”s as
Fe,O,. trace Cr,Oj. Occasional exposure to NaOH cleanmg solution
E 3 25% NaOCI. 2% NaOH. 10% NACL. 69% H,O, Balance inuts pH 14.
producbon of 3.Ammopyridme. Agdaban - none. Air Iree. 74 days
E 6% CO,. 66% w&r vapor (all by WI I, 131 days. test m heat exchanger.
vapor zone Aerabon - shght. Aga:atlon - shght
E carbon dwde 68. water vapor 66% air 0 5.l”0. all by volume
(continued)
Nonferrous Metals and Alloys 671
WP
316
Stain.
Iem
Conotiw Media 6 Stnl
Ammow Ltquld
I
75
ti loo-BP - -
- -
;: lOO:;.P. - -
75
:“o loo-BP
50 to 8.P - -
to E.P. - -
1;: to 600 - -
Ammomum Blfluorlde 25 - E
_- - Alloy C = 1.1 mpy
Ammonwm Bromide 10 ! 75 24 - s - -
Ammomum Chloride 6 22 266 130 _ 8 - U 0.07% mckel chloride. 2 95% ammo”m. 5 55% ammonium carbonate. pH
= 10 8. recove,y of ammonw 24 hrs.
Ammomum Chloride 11-14 194 90 E - plus H,S, mercapans Ind non-abraswe solfds I” agdator
Ammomum Chloride E E 8% N&I:. 4 2% CO,. 131 days, agdatlon and aerabon - skght
+i-+l-+
14.1 86.176
Ammomum
Ammomum
Ammonium
Ammomum
Chloride
Chloride
Chloride
Chloride
I-26.31
28-40
35-50
35 1
180
77-216
221-230
to 225
75.102
105-110
to 107
-
-
E
E
-
-
c
-
G flwng stsmless steel strip pnor to salderlng. Ourabon of test -
aerabon - moderate. agdatmn - 2-3 ft Isec
Ammomum Chlotlde to 40 to BP to BP S S - -
All to B.P to BP - s - -
Ammomum Chloride 147 g/l 167 75 _ E E E sodaurn chloride 78 g/I, carbon dmxlde 42 g/l (combmed as NH,HCO,.
(NH,), COI, NaHCO,), ammoma 22 g/l (combmed as NH,HCOI. (NH& CO,
+ f NH, OH Sulfide trace. organa posrlble trace
Ammomum Chloride - - sole leather dye vat NH&I and enzymes dlsperseo I” water
Ammontum Chloride - - sodium sulfde mother IIOUOIS. Allov C = 0.003 mov m 336.hr , test
Ammomum Chloride - _ plus sodwm rulflte mother Iutuor. Alloy C = 0.02 mpy
Ammomum Chloride 79.103 E E - - plus HCI and hydrocarbons I” refmery c&r bubble tower Alloy C = 0.1
I 1 w
Ammomum Chloride - - 400 grams/bter NH,CI plus 3-5 grams/kter NH3
Ammomum Fluos~l~cate I 18.5 I 90-110 I 32.43 I - I E* I - I - I plus1 percent free H,SIFG lSlqht weight gam
Ammomum Hydroxade I - I 248 I 120 I - 1 G I - I - I 210 hours, 8% NH]. 2% HrS, 2% CO, and 0 3% HCN
Ammomum Hydroxide Cone 572 300 U’ s -- contamed 2 grams cupnc chlonde and sodbum sulfate/gal, 159 hrs.. lab
test. no agrtatmn *Cracked
Ammomum Hydroxide 21 122.194 50.90 - E -- carbon dloxlde 6%. water vapor 66%. au 0.5-l%. all by volume, shght
Mrxtures. Ammoma aerabon
Ammomum Ndrate 10 75 24 - E --
Ammonium Nttrate 12 32-212 0.100 6 E -- plus ammomum hydroxylamme dwlfonate SO?. ammomum sulfates and
nitrates Alloy C = 0.3 mpy
Ammomum Notrate 13.38 100 38 E E. - E potaswm chloride 11.6to 301, cslclum phosphates, mono- and dl.. 1%
Ferbbzers to 14%; water 20%. lnerts 12%. pH 4 5 to 7 0. moderate aerabon
Ammontum Oxylate 10 l5 24 - E --
Ammomum Persulfate 10 75 24 - E --
Ammomum Phosphate 5 75 24 - E --
Ammomum Sulfate 212.213 100 U E -- m ddute and saturated NHSO, plus 1 5 percent free H,SO, Alloy C = 0 7
mpy
Ammomum Sulfate - 156 69 - E -- plus SO? and other sulfur compounds Alloy C = 0 06 mpy
Ammomum Sulfde - 103 39 - E -- plus ammomum blsulflte, 3 percent total SO,, pH = 6 2 Alloy C = 0 1 mpy
Amyl Acetate 275 135 - s -- durmg produchon ol amyl acetate from amyl alcohol. glacial acetlc acid.
HSO,
Amy1 Alcohol 104 40 - s -- plus 44 percent acebc acid, 34 percent amyl alcohol. 2 percent rulfunc
acad. balance water
Amy1 Chlonde 75 24 E E -- plus traces 01 NaCI. NaOH, Fe& and water Alloy C less than 0 1 mpy
Amyl Chlonde 84 86 30 E E -- plus 16 percent dry HCI Alloy C less than 0 3 mpy
Amyl Mercaptan - 230 110 E -__ plustracesof ethanol, brme. amyl chloride. dlamyl sulllde and H,S 1656.
hr test
Amyl Mercaptan to 320 to 160 E E -- m lkqutd and vapors ol dlsbllabon column plus some other amyl com-
pounds, water and a trace 01 H,S
Amyl Phenol - 176 80 - E - E varws orgamc syntheses. lerbary amyl phenol. amylene. ddertwy amyl
phenol, trace BF3.ether: t.nonyl mercaptan. sulfur. hydrogen sulfide
dlterhary nonyl.polysulflde. magnesm. dlphenylamme. monene.
nonyldlphenylamme. styrene. trace 98% H,SO,. clay, vapor phase
Amyl Phenol 1 - 1 392 , 200 , E / E / - , E , various organic synthesis tertiary amyl phenol. amylene. dltertlary amyl
phenol, trace BF,-ether. t.nonyl mercaptan. sulfur. hydrogen sulhde.
dlterbary nonyl.polysulflde, magnesia. dlphenylamme. nonene.
nonyld~phenylamme. styrene. trace 988 H,SOI
AlUklle 392-518 200-270 E E -- plus CS,, H,S. mercaptobenzol. thwole and others Alloy C = I 0 mpy
Amkne Sulfite 1:: ;: 16 E* ‘SO, blown mto 10 percent sn~lme 011 I” water
24 - 7 1 z
~~~~~~
Amsole (Methyl Phenyl 1 - 1 302 [ 150 1 - ] E j - j E 1anhydrous. 32 days
Ether), Boron irdluorlde
Anodizmg Soluhon. - 180 82 U E -- 18 5 percent HPO, plus 3 percent H,CrO, m lead+ned tank
Alummum
TYpr
316
COMSW Temprntun HASTELLOV~ lky Stain-
tntion. Ins
Conosiv~ Ydia ptrcmlt dw.f d-C G/G-2 WC-276 G SW Conditions
Anbbmbc
Fermentation Media
Anhmqny Salts - -58.212 .50-100 - u - u vapor over mlred anbmony fluorochlor,des [SbFxCl(S-xi]. refluxmg
condensate of ahphstlc halocarbons. anhydrous hydrogen fluoride and
hydrogen chlortde
Anhmony Salts - 212 100 - u - G mixed anbmony fluorochlorldes [SbFxCI@x)] and [ SbFyCI(%y)]. to
which IS alternately added anhydrous hydrogen fluoride and altphatlc
organic chlorides
Aromabc Tar I - 1 482 1 250 1 E I - I E I - I d,st,llabon process, 167 hrs, welded samples
AromatIc Tar - 482 250 - - E - d,st,llaban process. 264 hrs, welded samples
I 20
25
Beeswax Bleach - 220 104 - E -- 160 lb H,PO,. 50 lb K,MnOa and 300 lb H,O per 1250 lb of crude
Sol”tlo” beeswax Alloy C = 0 19 mpy
Benzene I 50 1 a0 127iBIB I - I - / plus 40 percent chlorinated benzene. 5 percent HCI. 5 percent H!O
Benzene 90 a0 plus 5 percent HCI. 5 percent H,O and chlormated benzene Alloy B = 44
I 1 27 1 ’ 1 E 1- 1- /mpy,A11oyC=O2mpy
Benzene. Monochlor - 60-80 16-27 S E -- I” DDT producho” plus SO,, Alloy C = 0 3 mpy
Benzene Sulfonx Acid 90 329 I65 S B -- process starts wdh 66” Bi H,SO, and benzene Ftnal product IS 90
percent benzene suI1on1c ac,d and 4 percent H~SO,
Benzene Sullon~c Ac,d 913 284 140 S s -- PIUS 3 8 perCent HISol Alloy C = la mpy
Benzene Sulfamc Acld 92 392 200 E E -- plus 5 percent suIfur,c acid and 3 percent water
Benzene Tetrachlor - 269-554 I” still at three wlnts Alloy C = 0 2 ,“py I” lhquld 0 5 mpy I” Ihquld-vapal
1 ‘32-2ag) - 1 E / - I - I Interface. 0 7 rnpy ,” vapor
Benzo~c Ac,d 10 75 24 - E --
BlsmuthLead Alloy Eutechc to 464 to 240 S s -- both Alloys B and C considered good for long hme use
Black Liquor 43.47 450 232 - B _ m produchon of d,methyl rulflde from black lhquor
TYpr
316
HWTELLOV~ alloy Stain-
less
Conoriw Media B/B-Z IX-276 6 Stnf Conditions
Bleach Solubon - E -- 0.044 percent tree Cl,. 0 07 percent available Cl,, 0.025 petcentClO> 48.
hr. test. Alloy C = 1 1 mpy
Boric Acid
Boron Trlfluorlde
Bracktsh water
BrarIng Flux - 1090-1140 588-615 G G -- alkali fluorides m commercial dip brazmg furnace Alloy C = 5 6 mpy
Brtflo 2-9 115-125 46.52 - E -- plus glue and carbon black, H,SO, added to release fatty acid from soap
addlbon. ptl = 2.0-Z 9, Alloy C = 0 065 mpy
Brme Solubon. 107 42 G E E E contammg 23 g/l total dlsolved sollds conststlng of 10 g/l chloride and
Waste Stream 4 4 g/l sulfate p&l. 90 days
Brme Slurry - 195 91 - E E E contammg MgSO4,. H,SO,, KCI, N&I. MgCI,, trace of S, pH 7 7. moderate
to extenwe aerabon
Brme Slurry - 196 92 - E E E also NaTSO,. KCI. N&I. MgCI,, trace of S. pti 7 7. moderate to extenswe
contammg MgSO, aeration
8 I
Calcwm Bromide
Calwm Carbonate - 117 47 - E E E calcium carbonate, talcum sulfate. calcium sulfde. all suspended as 6.
11% (by wt) slurry.
pH not spec!fled, aerabon
C&urn Carbonate _ 80 27 _ E E E calcwm carbonate. calcium sulfate. calcium sulflte and Ily ash all
suspended as about 20% (by wt
) slurry. pH not speclfled. aerabon
I QPJ I
316
Concm- Tmwratun HA6lELLOV~ Jlloy *in-
tntion. ’ IUS
Conoriw Media wcrnt dw F d-C WC2 WC-276 G stwl Conditions
Calcwm Chloride 12 75.85 24.29 G --- PIUS a percent methyl ethyl ketone. 1 percent HCI. 0.5 percent acombc
acid
I I I I I I I I-
Calwm Chlortde 20 220 104 - E E E 10% KCI; concentrated brme I” potash ertracban pllot plant.
Calcium Chlwde 29 167.194 75-90 E E -- plus 8 7 percent M&I,, 1 percent N.&l hall I” vapor. hall lhquld phase,
Bdtern Process Alloy C = 0 08 mpy
Calcium Chloride All to B.P. to E.P. E -- *shght gam m weight. Specimens m pdot plant evaporator
40-60 350 177 E* _ -
Calcium Chloride 40 ia0 a2 - E - E zmc sulfate 40%. pH 2.8. 35% of ttme. alummum sulfate 3.30%. pH 3.
15% of bme: magnewm sulfate 40%, PH 3. 10% of hme. zinc chlorkde
40%. pH 1.8. 5% 01 bme, moderate aerahon
Calctum Chloride 40 70.200 21.93 - E - E 5 solutions. each smgly calcium chloride. PH 2. 35% 01 time. zinc sulfate
40%. pH 1 8. 35% 01 bme, alummum sulfate. 3.30%. pH 3. 15% of bme.
magnesm sulfate 40%. pH 3. 10% of time. zmc chloride 40%. pH i 8.5%
of bme Moderate aerahon
Calwm Chloride 58 329 165 - G -- plus 1.0-1.3 percent N&I, 0.10 percent CatOH),. Alloy C = 2 1 mpy
I I I I I
Calcium Chloride - 175 79 E ___ 140 g/l C&I,, 80 g/l NaCI. 2 g/l Ca(OH),
Calcwm Chloride - 248.266 120.138 G -__ plus Na,S. Na,CO,. elemental sullur. m sulfur separator
Calcwm Hypochlorde - 60.100 free Cl = 40 gramslhter. CaCI,. CaCIO,. CsCD, and lree lhme in small
(Lime Sludge) I 16-3a 1 - I E I - I - I amounts
Calcwm-Magnewm Cone 212.220 100-104 S G -- plus free 0 63 percent HCI m Londensate Alloy C = 6 7 mpy
Chloride Solubons
Calcium Pyrldme - 100.150 38.66 - E -- plus 1-5 percent H,SD, and a t:ace of HgSO, Alloy C = D 1 mpy
Sulfanate
Calcium Sulk - 115 46 - E E E Calcium sulfate. ctklum Carbonate, fly ash. all suspended as 30.50% (by
wt 1 slurry. pH not spec~bed
Calcwm Wide - 117 47 - E E E cakwm sulfate. ctlclum carbonate. fly ash. all suspended as 10.15% (by
wt.) slurry, pH not speclfti. aerabon
Clurdeblla Wax - 96.221 36-105 - E -- plus N&IO,. H,SO, and HNO, laud content about 25 percent of total).
100.hr. test
Carbon Olchlotlde 65 250 plus 25 percent CU. 10 percent heavy organu chlorides saturated wtth
I I 12’ I - I E I - I - I HCI and CIT. about 20-30 ppm H,O. Alloy C = 0.05 mpy
Carbon Dmxtdc 10 150 m humtdlflcabon process plus 0.2 percent SO,, 2 percent CO and some
I & 1 - 1 E 1 - 1 - 10, AlloyC=O.O2mpy
Carbon Tetrachlorlde 75 24 i
100 to 300 to 149 S ---
Carbon Tetrachlorlde 85-87 85.167 30.75 B G -- plus 13-15 percent chlormated high polymer. 0 08 percent chlorine. 0 1.
0.2 percent HCI Normally anhydrous Alloy C = 2.2 mpy
Carbon Tetrachlorlde a7 5 185 85 u G -- plus 12 percent H,O. 0.4 percent Cl,, 0.1 percent HCI Alloy C = 2 3 mpy
Carboac Acid
I 1 1 I I
Causbc (mdd) 0.6 40.212 4.100 - E -- plus tetra sodmm phosphate, ddute NaOCI. some lree Cl,. dilute HIS04
11.5 oercent acldl
Caushc 6 80.90 27-32 B --- absnrpbon of Cl1 and acldlc matenat from reactor off.gases Solubon con.
tams 1 percent NaOCl maximum
Causbc 2.17 60.110 16.43 E E -- plus 7 percent NaCI, 8 percent CHICOOH. 12 percent orgamc salt and
water III neutrabratmn pvxess Alloy C = 0 1 mpy
Chestnut Wood Extract - 150.200 66-93 - E -- plus orgamc and sulfurous acids and tannm
Chloracebc Acid. - 68 20 E E -- plus 15 percent dlchloracetlc acid and 15 percent acetyl chloride Alloy C
Mono ~0 1 mpy
Chloracebc bud. ii 77 Ill 25 (11 E -- plus 30 percent acetu acid. 1 5 acetyl chloride. 0 5 percent H,S m
Mono 77 (21 25 (2) T s -- mother lhquor (1) no agdabon (2) slow agdatlon (3) fast agltatmn
77 (31 25 (3)
140 111 60 (1) s ; 11
Chloracebc Ackd. - 86 30 S E -- process IS to dissolve 945 grams/liter sobd MCA m water Solupon
Mono (Tech. Grade) agdated wdh ao Alloy C = 0 2 mpy
Chlorethylene. Trl 100 to BP to B.P E --_ vapor and lbqud - somebmes steam and ammoma present
Chlorlc Acid 3 75 24 u E -- 4 percent HISO,. 3 percent H,O, carotbng solution Alloy C = 0 1 mpy 47.
day test
Chlarme 97 50-180 10.82 - E -- plus 3 percent Inert gas (CO? H,. etc Iwater saturated Alloy C = 0 07 mpy
(50 deg F). 09 mpy (180 deg f)
Chlorme - 76.86 24.30 Lt* s* - B* feed Cl, to dlchloropropene at 5 ps,g, 672 hrs ‘vapor phase I” Ihquld.
Alloy B = 30 mpy. Alloy C.276 = 13 mpy, Type 316 Stamless Steel = 32
mpy
Chlorme - 120.135 49.57 - E - above sodum cell I” fumes contammg sodaurn oxychlorlde. sodurn
chlotlde. sodum oxide smoke and motst air Alloy C = 0 1 mpy. 0.001 I”
max pdbng
Chlorme - 302 150 - E -- 1000 ppm Cl, I” vapor phase durmg dechlormabon Alloy C = 0 3 mpy
1776.hr test
Chlorme (Wet) - 122 50 - E -- plus hydrochloric and hydrochlorous acld. chlormabon of polyethylene.
72 hrs
Chlorme (Wet) 170 77 - E -- orgamc sokds. condensed water. shght attack under spacer. Duratmn of
test - 67 days
Chlorme (Wet) - 185 85 - s -- I” vapor space 01 sulfur separator Plus H,O. S. and oqamc thlo and
chloride
Chlorme (Wet1 - 190 88 - G -- condensed water and orga”!c sokds. durabon of test - 203 days. per-
lorated
Chlorme (Wet) 190 88 - u -- durabon 01 test - 28 days, perforated. salt brme spray
Chlorme (Wet) 190 88 - G -- durabon of test - 74 days. severe pdbng. salt brme spray
Chlorme (Wet) - I 190.1 88 1 - 1 G 1-1-I durabon 01 test - 18 days, moderate attack under spacer
I I I I 1 I 1 I
Chlorme (Wet)
I - I lgoI ” I - I ’ I- I- I condensed
moderate
water and orgamc sohds/spacer.
attack under soacer
durabon of test - 18days
Chlorme (Wet1 I - I 20; I 96 I - I u l-l-l durabon 01 test - 40 days. moderate pdtmg. salt brme spray
Chlorme (Wet) I - I 205 I 96 I - I B l-l-l durabon 01 test - 203 days. salt brme spray
Chlorme Dioxide - SD 10 - E -- O-l 5 grams/W CID, plus trace SD?, O-9 grams/Mer N&ID,, 18-38
percent H,SO, I” spent bquor tank. Alloy C = 0.5 mpy
Chlorme Dmxlde - 135 57 - s -- 78 percent GO.. 32 percent sodwm chlorate and methanol aerabon.
flo. rate of 6b g.p.m :351-h,. test
Chtorme Dioxide 150-170 Cl0 water and gas. plus 0.2 grams/lder HCI m water ptl=3 5 Alloy C =
I - I I 60-77 I - I E I - I - I O.lZmpy
Chlorine Dloxlde - 155 68 - E -- spent gas m vent lhne of bleach tower. 338.hr test
Chlorme Dioxide - 155 68 - s -- plus 45 percent t&SO,, 0.020 grams/liter sodium chlorate m pulp
bleachmg.
Chlorme Dlornde - 155 68 - E -- pH q 6.5 spool exposed I” headbox I” No. 6 pulp washer Kraft pulpstock
plus residual CIO;
Chlorme Dloxlde - 175-185 79-85 - E -- at top of bleach retenbon tower Alloy C = 0.7 mpy
Chlorme (Matures) - 1 59.86 1 15.30 - 1 E I-llJl cyanogen chloride. chlorme. water (all gas)
Chlorme (Mwtures) 1 - 1 68-85 1 20.29 1 - 1 E I - I 6 I cyanogen chloride (CNCI). chlorme. water vapor (about 1000 ppm)
Chlorme (Mixtures) - 169.212 1 76-100 j - / E 1 - 1 E 1 cyanogen chloride (CNCI) chlorme. carbon tetrachlorlde. water (trace)
Chlorobenzene 60 40.100
I 4c48
I - I E I - I EI chloral 40% (tnchloro acetaldehyde). water not over 0 5% hydrogen
chlortde trace. IpH of water extract 2 01
Chlorobentene
I - I 250I lzl I - I E I - I - I commerul
aerabon
trlchlorobenzene vapor. amrnon~a and chlortdes. ertensw
Chlorotenzene.
Mono 1 - 1 77.338 ,i 25.170 j S 1 E 1 - / - 11114.lb 3.chlorod~phenylamme, 311.lb sulfur. 1 l-lb lodme. 475gal
monochlorobenzene Alloy C = 15 mpy
Chloro Ethyl Ether, - 302 150 E E - G stdl system for crackmg DI (Zxhloroethyl) acetal to vmyl 2.chloroethyl
Ethylene Chlorohydnn ethers and ethylene chlorohydrm Samples m kettle bquld. 300 hrs.
Chloronaphthalenes 100 300.360 149.182 ‘vapor and lhquad m neutrakzabon of free HCI wdh lame
1W 300 149 I’ ;*. I I l*vaoar and bawd oh&es
Chlorophenol 122-140 SO-60 S E -- m lkqwd and vapor phase dung chlormabon of phenol Contammabon
from HCI. H,S. F&I,
Chlorophenol. - 250 121 - E -- hydrogen chloride trace. water vapor trace. moderate aersbon
Dlchlorophenol
Chlaro-Trlfluoro - 70.120 21.49 E E -- parMy lhquefled plus 1 percent or less HCI and water m trace amounts
Ethylene
Cltrlc Acid 10 60.180 16-82 S E -- manufacture by aerobic fetmentabon -a” spargmg Alloy C = 0 I mpy
Cltnc Acid 10 80-170 27.77 B G -- manufacture by acid by fermentabon with sucr”se. made acld wth HCI
Allov C = 4 mov
Cltrlc Acid to 58 130 54 U G -- concentrabon by bodmg sob&on from 15” to 30” Bk. 120.hr test, Alloy C
=45mpy
Cdr!c And - 105 41 _ E E E mIxed fermentabon tank effluent, s”me cltrlc acid salt. 5 to 65% sokds.
0.08 to 1.2% chloride, pH 5
Clarlfw Llquld - 180 82 - E E E clarlfw llqwd m mumclpal refuse mcmerator Water treated wth calverts
coagulant II and ammoma to nommtl pH of 6. moderate aeratmn
Coagulation Soluban. - 90 32 * --- plus 0 01 percent H,SO,. 3.3 percent NaCI. pH q 3 3. m discharge wetr of
Synthebc Rubber