endocrine system

The endocrine system, also called internal secretion gland system, is the set of organs and tissues
of the body, which secrete a type of substances called hormones, which are released into the
bloodstream and regulate some of the functions of the body.1 It is a signal system that bears some
similarities with the nervous system, but instead of using electrical impulses at a distance, it works
exclusively by means of substances (chemical signals) that are released into the blood. The
hormones regulate many functions in the organisms, including between others the speed of
growth, the function of the fabrics, the metabolism, the development and functioning of the
sexual organs and some aspects of the conduct. The endocrine system acts as a network of
cellular communication that answers to the stimuli liberating hormones.

Parts(Reports) of the system endocrine

The principal glands that shape the system endocrine humanly are the hypothalamus, the
hypophysis, the thyroid gland, the glands paratiroideas, the adrenal glands, the pineal gland
and the breeding(reproductive) glands, which include the ovaries and the testicles.

Functions of the endocrine system

Between(Among) the principal functions we find:

To control the intensity of the chemical functions in the cells.

To govern the transport of substances across the membranes of the cells.

To regulate the balance (homeostasis) of the organism(organization).

Make appear the sexual secondary characters.

Other aspects of the metabolism of the cells, as the growth and the secretion.

The endocrine, nervous and reproductive system together with the kidneys, the intestines, the
liver and the fat they help to support and control:

The levels of energy of the body

The reproduction

The growth and development

The internal balance (homeostasis)

The reactions to the environmental conditions

Goiter

It is the enlargement of the thyroid gland. It is externally translated by a tumor in the antero-
inferior part of the neck just below the larynx. A very high percentage of goiters present without
alterations in thyroid hormones. Many times they are due to the formation of cysts or an increase
in the formation of a fluid called colloid that is found among the thyroid cells that are grouped
forming follicles

Hyperthyroidism is a situation in which there is an excessive amount of circulating thyroid

hormones, usually due to a thyroid that works more than it should. Frequent symptoms are
nervousness, tremors, weight loss despite an increased appetite, sweating, palpitations, heat
intolerance, and tendency to diarrhea.

The treatment consists of:

• Antithyroid drugs, which block the action of the thyroid gland and prevent it from synthesizing
thyroid hormones;

• Administration of radioactive iodine, which destroys the cells of the thyroid gland; Y

• Total or partial removal of the thyroid gland.