CENTRAL

DOGMA
The dogma is a framework for understanding the
flow of genetic information between DNA, RNA &
protein, in living organism

DNA REPLICATION
The process by which a DNA molecule is
copied/ DNA synthesis

TRANSCRIPTION
Transcription describes the process by
which the genetic information
contained within DNA is re-written into
messenger RNA (mRNA) by RNA
polymerase

TRANSLATION
Translation is a process by which the
genetic code contained within a
messenger RNA (mRNA) molecule is
decoded to produce a specific
sequence of amino acids in a
polypeptide chain
 DNA REPLICATION

DNA PRIMASE
RNA Primase catalyzed the synthesis of a short
RNA primer and used as the primer fot DNA
synthesis

DNA HELICASE AND DNA GYRASE

DNA helicase unwind parental double
helix at replication fork while DNA gyrase
release the tension

DNA POLYMERASE I
AND DNA LIGASE
DNA polymerase I remove the RNA
primer & fills the gap with DNA
nucleotide, DNA Ligase form a
phosphodiester bond to join the Okazaki
fragments

DNA POLYMERASE III

DNA Polymerase III bind and catalyse the
synthesis of a new DNA strand by adding DNA
nucleotide to the DNA primer
 PROTEIN SYNTHESIS
TRANSCRIPTION AND TRANSLATION
TRANSCRIPTION The synthesis of mRNA using the DNA as a template

INITIATION

RNA polymerase binds to a

region of a gene called the
promoter before starting
transcription

ELONGATION

RNA polymerase move along

the DNA template strand
from 3' to 5' and produce RNA
transcript by adding
nucleotide to 3' end of
growing RNA

TERMINATION

when the RNA polymerase reached

the terminator it signals the RNA
Polymerase to stop and release
from the DNA.

once separated the two DNA

strands come back together and
reform the double helix. The newly
formed pre-mRNA molecule is
released

YOUR FAVORITE FACE MASK

Put on a favorite sheet mask or better

yet, do it yourself! Mash some
bananas and add a teaspoon of honey.
Leave on for 10 minutes or as long as
you want.

FAVORITE MUSIC PLAYLIST

Play all of your favorite songs and sing

along! If you want, you can even
dance around your house with a
sibling or a pet.

www.reallygreatsite.com
translation the synthesis of polypeptide using the genetic information encoded in mRNA

INITIATION The ribosome assembles around the target mRNA. The first
tRNA is attached at the start codon AUG at mRNA

ELONGATION

codon recognition:

an incoming tRNA with an

anticodon that is complementary
to the codon exposed in the A site
binds to the mRNA

peptide bond formation:

ribosome continues to translate each

codon in turn and produce a
corresponding amino acid is added
to the growing chain and linked via a
bondcalled a peptide bond

FAVORITE MUSIC PLAYLIST

Play all of your favorite songs and sing

along! If you want, you can even
dance around your house with a
sibling or a pet.

www.reallygreatsite.com