MATHEMATICAL TOOLS

FOR MODELING
Christyfani Sindhuwati, ST., MT
 Laplace Transformation
◦ The original main use for Laplace
transforms was (and is) to solve initial value
problems for linear ordinary
and partial differential equations.
◦ Definition: Let f(t) be defined for t ≥ 0. The
Laplace transform of f(t), denoted by F(s)
or ℒ{f(t)}, is an integral transform given by
the Laplace integral:
Example: Let f(t) = 1, then 𝐹 𝑠 =
1
𝑠
1
Example: Let f(t) = t, then 𝐹 𝑠 = 𝑠2
1
Example: Let f(t) =𝑒 𝑎𝑡 , then 𝐹 𝑠 =
𝑠−𝑎
The Laplace transform is an operation that transforms a
function of t (i.e., a function of time domain), defined
on [0, ∞), to a function of s (i.e., of frequency domain)
* . F(s) is the Laplace transform, or simply transform,
of f(t). Together the two functions f(t) and F(s) are
called a Laplace transform pair.
Exponential function Step Function
0 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑡 < 0
𝑓 𝑡 =
𝑓 𝑡 = 𝑒 −𝑎𝑡 𝐴 𝑓𝑜𝑡 𝑡 > 0
∞ ∞
−𝑠𝑡 −𝑎𝑡 −𝑠𝑡
𝐿 𝑒 −𝑎𝑡 = න 𝑓 𝑡 𝑒 𝑑𝑡 = න 𝑒 𝑒 𝑑𝑡 Jika t>0, maka f(t) = A
0 0 ∞
∞ 𝐴 −𝑠𝑡 ∞ 𝐴 𝐴
1 𝐿 𝐴 = න 𝐴𝑒 −𝑠𝑡 𝑑𝑡 = − 𝑒 = 0−1 =
𝐿 𝑒 −𝑎𝑡 = න 𝑒 − 𝑠+𝑎 𝑡
𝑑𝑡 = − [𝑒 − 𝑠+𝑎 𝑡 ]∞
0 𝑠 0 𝑠 𝑠
𝑠+𝑎 0
0 𝐴
1 1 𝐿𝐴 =
𝐿 𝑒 −𝑎𝑡 =− 0−1 = 𝑠
𝑠+𝑎 𝑠+𝑎 𝐴
𝐿−1 =𝐴
𝑠
1
𝐿 𝑒 −𝑎𝑡 =
𝑠+𝑎
1
𝐿−1 = 𝑒 −𝑎𝑡
𝑠+𝑎