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GENETICS 101
This is written as a guide to help parents better understand the specific mutation mentioned on their
child’s genetic report. When you do not have knowledge about genes and chromosomes, it can be
overwhelming and frustrating trying to interpret the results. This is written to try to help explain
chromosomes, genetic mutations and specifically details about the SETBP1 gene.
CHROMOSOME BASICS
Humans typically have 23 pairs of chromosomes totaling 46 chromosomes – 23 coming from the
mother and 23 coming from the father. Chromosomes 1 through 22 are the same between males and
females. The 23rd pair of chromosomes are the “sex chromosomes” which determine whether a
person will be a male or a female. Females have two X chromosomes and males have one X and one
Y chromosome.
Hundreds and sometimes thousands of genes can be found on one chromosome. SETBP1 is a gene
located on the long arm (q arm) of chromosome 18. The exact location is 18q12.3.
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There are many chromosomes found in the nucleus, a protective compartment, of every cell. The
chromosomes are structures that help organize the DNA. The DNA is the language or code that
provides the instructions that tell the body how to grow, function and respond to the environment.
The genes are specific segments of DNA which have a specific job to do.
The SETBP1 gene’s job is to create a specific protein called SETBP1 protein. Since individuals inherit 2
copies of every chromosome, they have 2 copies of every gene including SETBP1. SETBP1 disorder is
caused by a SETBP1 mutation affecting one copy of the SETBP1 gene which reduces the amount of
SETBP1 protein produced by the body.
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WHAT IS SETBP1?
SETBP1 disorder is a very rare disorder that is the result of a loss-of-function of one copy of the
SETBP1 gene and causes a spectrum of symptoms ranging from absent speech to expressive
language delays, mild-severe intellectual disability, autistic-traits or autism, developmental delays
and ADHD.
GIVING
Please consider making a gift to SETBP1 Society with the PayPal button below to fund research
into SETBP1 disorder.
Also, you can select SETBP1 Society to receive a percentage of the proceeds from your purchases
by going to
(https://smile.amazon.com/ch/82-0891558)
LEARN MORE
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