ABSTRACT

The researchers conducted this study to find solutions in today’s problem about power

generating that cope with the weather here in the Philippines. The researchers conducted the

study through the various review of related literature. And after all the research, the

researchers came up an ideal concept of a hybrid power generator using a solar energy and

wind energy as the source. This study is very helpful especially during calamity where

power is unreliable. The purpose of this study is to generate electricity using renewable

energy which is easily accessible. In this study, the group conducted series of tests both in

Solar and Wind generator to determine the efficiency of both. The data gathered in this

study is essential to define the efficiency of the prototype and how the natural resources is

effective in this study. The group had a hard time in assembling the canopy, so as a group

we recommend the future researchers to improve the materials that are used in the structure

of the prototype.

1
 INTRODUCTION

Background of the Study

The Philippines is a well know tropical country, a warm and humid country. It is also a

country of rainfalls, storms, floods, and a typhoon road. These makes the Philippines a

two-season country: Rainy season and Dry season. Rainy season usually occurs from June

to October. While the dry season usually comes with two parts: the cool and dry season

which usually occurs during the months of November to February, the hot and dry season

which usually occurs during the months of March to May.

In the field of Electrical Engineering, the Philippines is considered an abundant source

of solar energy due to its dry season. Some people in rural and urban areas invest with the

use of solar energy as a backup power source. But solar energy is only abundant during the

presence of the sun. Rainy season (especially if there is a storm) could make it worse by the

disappearance of the sun during this season. But Wind energy is present in these two

seasons, usually wind energy is abundant near the oceans or in places with high altitude.

With these observations, the group has come up with an idea to find a solution with

these disadvantages that is a canopy type generator that can be used as a power station after

the typhoon strikes. Through research and collection of data, simple innovation can be a best

solution to the problem. A two-way power generation using solar energy and wind energy.

With the absence of the sun and the presence of wind, it is still possible to have a power

generation by collecting energy in the wind. The wind will be the prime mover to a motor

that will generate electricity. The wind energy that is collected and stored in a battery can be

used as a backup, supplemental, and emergency power source.

2
Statement of the Problem

The main objective of the study is to design, construct and test a mobile sustainable

power station for disaster response.

Specifically, this study aims to answer the following questions:

1. What is the design for the mobile power station for disaster response?

2. What are the procedures needed in fabricating a mobile power station for disaster

response?

3. What are the features for the mobile power station for disaster response?

3
Conceptual Framework

Figure 1 shows the conceptual framework of our study which represents the input,

process and the output that are demand to attain the objectives of this study. Particularly,

the input is the first step wherein the researchers have to read several studies to have a

better understanding in creating the prototype with applicable specifications. Human

resources are very important in this study as the input since the creation of the prototype

needs labor, accompanied with required knowledge and skills. Finding the right materials,

certain people with knowledge and skills, and related studies essential input in order for the

researchers to create the said prototype, which is a mobile power station for disaster

response.

INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT

 Solar Components -Designing Mobile Power

1. Solar Panel Station for

-Fabricating the Mobile Power
2. Solar Charge Disaster
Station for Disaster Response
Controller Response

-Testing
 Wind Components

1. DC Generator -Adjustments/Troubleshooting
2. Booster

3. Pipe and GI Sheet

 Body Components

1. Angle Bars, GI

4
 2. Battery

3. Voltmeter Reader

4. Storage Box

 Human Resources

Figure 1. Conceptual Framework

Significance of the Study

The result of this study may be significant to the following:

1. Casualty. This study will help the victims of the calamity to still have a charging

station because if there is calamity the government automatically shuts down the

power. In that study it can help by providing them a source of electricity.

2. Rescuer. This proposed study will help the rescuer to have a mobile power station that

they will use in response purposes.

3. Environment. The use of solar and wind as a source to generate electrical energy

without the consumption of our limited natural resources such as fossil fuels. Burning

of fuels contributes to the rapid deterioration of our planet.

4. Future Researchers. This design may help the future researchers with the essential

information in designing and constructing the mobile power station for disaster rescue. If

there are some interested in this proposed study they can innovate them by adding some

things that are not included in our todays study.

Scope and Limitations of the Problem

5
 This study involves the use of solar energy, wind energy, location for testing,

and other electronic devices. In this study, the range of the power generated is up to

120watts. The primary loads that this prototype can carry are cellphones, chargeable

flashlights, and laptops. This prototype can be placed at any area as long as there is a wind

that can sustain the wind turbine and enough light from the sun to supply the solar panels.

The minimum voltage generated by this prototype is 12volts. This prototype is much

applicable to the areas such as evacuation center where power is needed after disaster.

Definition of Terms

 Charge Controller. It is also called charge regulatory which is basically a voltage

and/or a current regulator to keep batteries from overcharging. Its job is to regulate the

voltage and current that comes from the solar panels to the battery. In this study, the

charge controller plays the important role to keep our battery from overcharging and

overheating as it regulates the voltage and current.

 Hybrid. It is a form of energy that is powered by more than one source of power. In

this study, the group merged a Solar Generator and a Wind Generator which is called

“Mobile Power Station for Disaster Response”.

 Inverter. It is an electrical device that converts DC voltage into AC voltage so that it is

able to use for devices that works in alternating current. In this study, inverter function

it is therefore indispensable to use it to power DC, electrical devices that work in AC.

 Solar Energy System. A solar power system is made up of multiple photovoltaic (PV)

panels, a Dc to AC power converter (called inverter) and a rack system that holds the

PV panels in place.

6
  Wind Energy System. Convert the kinetic energy in wind into clean electricity. When

the wind spins the wind turbine's blades, a rotor captures the kinetic energy of

the wind and converts it into rotary motion to drive the generator.

Review of Related Literature

Design

Figure 2. Disclosed (Hybrid wind and Solar energy device)

According to Thomas Patrick Bryson, Disclosed is a hybrid wind-solar energy device

comprising: a) a wind-capture assembly comprising: i) one or more wind sails evenly

distributed circumferentially around a central axis thereof; and ii) a solar-energy capture

means on an outer surface of the wind-capture assembly; and c) a turbine assembly

comprising an anchoring base, an electrical generator and an output shaft; the wind-capture

assembly rotatably mounted on the output shaft and coupled thereto; the hybrid wind-

solar energy device configured to convert energy harnessed by the wind capture assembly

7
to electrical energy, wherein: interaction of the one or more wind sails with wind induces

rotation of the wind-capture assembly and turbine assembly around the central axis; and the

outer surface of the wind capture assembly is directly exposed to sunlight throughout

daylight hours.

Figure 3. Powerbrella

According to Darren Quick (May 25,2009), the canopy of the Powerbrella – designed for

alfresco venues, such as cafes, restaurants and hotel swimming pools – uses Konarka's

Power Plastic, a lightweight, flexible film that captures the sun's energy. Power is stored in

batteries inside the stem of the Powerbrella, which also has outlets to plug electronic

equipment into. It certainly beats running extension cords all over the place, threatening to

trip you up. The Powerbrella was proven viable after testing throughout 2008 at Lake

8
Highland Preparatory School in Orlando, Florida, where physics students measured how

effective the Powerbrella was withstanding the natural elements, how capable the Power

Plastic panels were in generating green energy and how much power the batteries could

store. A year later, Skyshades has received its first shipment of Konarka Power Plastic,

which will be used to begin mass-producing the umbrellas. Skyshades doesn’t intend on

limiting the use of Power Plastic to the Powerbrella, with plans to incorporate the

technology into a prototype parking structure. Eventually Skyshades believes the

technology will be used in a range of its tension-membrane structures in car washes,

stadiums, amphitheaters, car parking areas and retro-fitted roofs, either as a direct source of

power or stored power that can be resold into a power grid.

Figure 4. Folding Canopy

According to Collin Hamilton, A structure capable of folding into a compact form for

transporting, and for simple unfolding for attachment to a base, the structure including: two

9
or more hingably interconnected solar panel arrays each having a two or more of solar

panels, a solar panel support channel, and a support beam; wherein the two or more solar

panels are attached to top portions of the solar panel support channel, and a bottom portion

of the solar panel support channel is attached to a top portion of the support beam, the

support beam having a hinged joint for cooperating in folding into mutual, near coplanar

juxtaposition; and where the structure, when unfolded includes a solar canopy and is L-

shaped viewed on end.

Figure 5. Portable solar canopy

According to Mark Nair, a portable solar cell canopy or tent with supports to elevate

the canopy or tent and expose solar cells affixed thereon to the sun to collect energy for use

within the tent. Flexible components, including spray-on solar cells, permit dismantling

and reassembly of the entire apparatus into a portable kit for remote usages. The present

invention provides energy in remote areas, such as drawing water from a deep well and

providing emergency phone service, as well as providing energy in urban or other areas.

10
 According to the study of Joen According to the study of Gregory D. Trimarche and

Curt Crandall (2010), they briefly stated that the pool to be assembled and emplaced in a

slightly concaved location is available in a container. Similarly, they said that an integrated

beach cart and a cooler system can accommodate the self-assembly pool they added that

there are many parents enabling to travel from and to the beach nowadays. The process of

making this outdoor umbrella system with integrated solar power supply is, the products

and electronic commerce are likely to disclose, allowing the consumers to make choices

that are to review and buy the instant teachings conveniently. The integrated beach cart and

cooler system may compromise an outdoor umbrella with a plurality of Photovoltaic Cells

disposed on the upper surface of the umbrella.

Wind turbine

Figure 6. Types of Wind Turbines

According to Dr. Hassan Darhmaoui Dr. Naeem Sheikh (May 2014), wind is an

inexhaustible energy source available all around the world. In fact, on shore energy is

11
extremely large and reported to be from 20,000*109 kWh to 50,000*109kWh [1]. In 2014,

the International Energy Agency (IEA) reported that the global electricity generation

reached 23903*109kWh [2]. The potential onshore wind energy is of course not entirely

usable, as the wind might be too slow or too fast for practical applications. Some of the

locations are also very remote and very far from consumption hubs, making the energy

transportation not economically viable. Wind turbine sizes vary drastically and have known

massive developments in the last decades. The average size in the 1980s was less than

100kW [1]; nowadays the size can reach up to 8 MW like the Vestas V164, a horizontal

axis offshore wind turbine [3]. There are two types of Wind turbines: the widely spread the

most deployed Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine (HAWT), and the less popular Vertical Axis

Wind Turbine (VAWT) as shown in Figure 2 [4]. We will explore these types in details in

the coming sections. Figure 2 Types of wind turbines [4] 8

The principle behind wind turbines is simple, and humanity has been making good use of it

for centuries. The kinetic energy from the flow of a mass of air is transformed to rotational

kinetic energy. This rotational energy is then used as mechanical energy to run machine

parts to pump water out of a well, mill grains, or generate electricity.

12
 Figure 7. Cantilever type vertical axis wind turbine

According to Tadashi Yokoi, the invention seeks to provide a cantilever type vertical

axis wind turbine capable of reducing repeated load caused on a rotary shaft and having

advanced vibration stability and low-noise property.

It comprises an outer race side rotor 17 of the vertical axis wind turbine 10 producing a rotational

torque with wind, a cantilevered inner race side stationary column 10 for supporting the outer

race side rotor 17 of the vertical axis wind turbine 10 through bearings 30 a , 30 b and 30 c for

supporting a force in a radial direction, and the bearings 30 a , 30 b and 30 c arranged at

positions astride the wind pressure center position on which the windpressure acts on the outer

race side rotor 17 of the vertical axis wind turbine 10 for supporting the outer race side

rotor 17 and the inner race side stationary column 14.

13
 Figure 8. Wind Turbine Generator Design.

The vertical-axis wind turbine is attractive and efficient. It is not like the conventional

turbine as its exclusive air foils lets create power at stumpy wind speeds. A low rpm

electrical generator is used for converting the mechanical rotational power produced by the

winds energy into usable electricity to supply our homes and is at the heart of any wind

power system. (https://energymeet.wordpress.com/2013/08/12/innovative-wind-turbine-

design/)

Power Calculation

According to Javier Castillo (December 2011), The power available from wind for a

vertical axis wind turbine can be found from the following formula:

14
 1
Pw = ρS V 3o
2

where Vo is the velocity of the wind [m/s] and ρ is the air density [kg/m3], the reference

density used its standard sea level value (1.225 kg/m^3 at 15ºC), for other values the source

(Aerospaceweb.org, 2005) can be consulted. Note that available power is dependent on the

cube of the airspeed. The power the turbine takes from wind is calculated using the power

coefficient:

Captured Mechanical power by blades

C p=
Available power∈wind

Cp value represents the part of the total available power that is actually taken from wind,

which can be understood as its efficiency. 16 There is a theoretical limit in the efficiency of

a wind turbine determined by the deceleration the wind suffers when going across the

turbine. For HAWT, the limit is 19/27 (59.3%) and is called Lanchester-Betz limit (Tong,

2010, p. 22). For VAWT, the limit is 16/25 (64%) (Paraschivoiu I., 2002, p. 148).

These limits come from the actuator disk momentum theory which assumes steady, inviscid

and without swirl flow. Making an analysis of data from market small VAWT, the value of

maximum power coefficient has been found to be usually ranging between 0.15 and 0.22.

This power coefficient only considers the mechanical energy converted directly from wind

energy; it does not consider the mechanical-into-electrical energy conversion, which

involves other parameters like the generator efficiency.

Solar Panel

15
 Figure 9. Photovoltaic Solar Panel

According to Vishal Mehta (2016). Developing a clean and renewable energy helps

energy independence in Turkey. Solar energy with the types of polycrystalline and

monocrystalline panels is most commonly used with different characteristic and efficiency.

In this study, it has been shown that the efficiency of photovoltaic panels is influenced by

climate conditions, type of used solar cells, and so forth. The daily average photovoltaic

panel efficiency was 6.65% and 5.38% for the monocrystalline and polycrystalline,

respectively. More researches must be done in order to determine which specific conditions

cause each kind of panel to perform better. This paper would be useful for the photovoltaic

panel manufactures, researchers, and generating members to decide for Bursa, Turkey.

16
 Figure 10. monocrystalline photovoltaic solar panel

According to the study of SOLARIC (2018), monocrystalline solar panel are referred

to as premium solar, because they look better and provide better aesthetic to a house, and

they have higher efficiency. In monocrystalline panels, the silicon is formed into bars and

cut into wafers. The cell consists of a single crystal, thus, the electrons that generate a flow

of electricity generally have more room to move. This is what causes the monocrystalline

panels to be more efficient. Yes, monocrystalline panels are more efficient than their

polycrystalline counterparts.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

17
 This section contains all the steps, procedures, and results from designing, fabricating,

and testing. This describes the application of the study through step by step explanation.

The section also defines the basic components of the Mobile Power Station for Disaster

Response.

Research Design

This section discusses the design, fabrication, and testing of the prototype.

Circuit Block Diagram

Figure 11. Circuit Block Diagram

SUN WIND

DC
SOLAR PANEL
GENERATOR

CHARGE VOLTAGE
BATTERY BOOSTER
CONTROLLER

INVERTER LOAD

Schematic Diagram

18
 DC GEN.
SOLAR

- +
+ -

- - -
CHARGE
BOOSTER
CONTROLLER
+ + +
+ -

+ -
+ - + -
INVERTER
MONITOR BATTERY

+ - + -

+ -
AC LOAD
DC LOAD

FABRICATION

19
 Materials

 Solar panels

 Battery

 Charge Controller

 Inverter

 Wind blades

 DC Generator

 Pulley

 Belt

 GI pipe

 Metal sheet

 Booster

 Aluminum Tube

Fabrication of the Power Station

The purpose of making this kind of power station is to make the prototype easily

carried or moved. It can be disassembled from the wind turbine down to the base.

20
Figure 12. Power Station

In Fabricating the Power Station, first cut the four bases of the power station with a height of

75 cm and 8 cm in diameter by using a grinder. Then we cut also four braces for the bases

with 90cm long. As an additional support for the solar panel to carry, cut an angle bar to

create a triangular holder with a dimension of 52cm for the longer leg, 16 cm for the shorter

leg, and 72cm for the hypoteneous. After cutting, welding it to connect the metals.

21
 Fig.13 Base Fig.14 Holder of the solar panel Fig.15 Braces of the

base

Fabrication of the Wind Turbine

In preparing the design of our wind blades its diameter and height were calculated based on

this formula: (Castillo J.,2018)

1
 P= ρA V 3 C P
2

Where:

Power Coefficient, C p= 0.25 to 0.45

m m
Wind Speed, Velocity of the wind= 2.22 to 5
s s

kg
Air Density, ρ= 1.23
m3

Height, h = 17 cm = 0.17m

Diameter= 8cm; radius= 4 cm= 0.4m

Using the equation of area of the cylinder: A=2πrh+2πr 2

22
 A=2π (0.4) (0.17) +2π(0.4)2

A= 1.43m 2

Therefore;

1
 P= ρA V 3 C P
2

1 kg
 P= (1.23 3 ) ¿5 m ¿(0.25)
2 m s

 P= 1.1 watts

Using the power that the researchers obtained, the height of the blades and the

diameter of the base that are 0.17m and 0.4m, respectively.

In fabricating the wind turbine with vertical axis, first we find a PVC pipe having a

diameter of 8cm then we cut it in a half horizontally with 17cm height. Then cut a PVC

sheets with 19cm in length and 17cm width.

Figure 16. Wind Blades

23
 Create a hole for each blade and insert it to the PVC pipe with a 3/4in diameter and

10in length. Connecting all blades using cable ties for tightening and applying epoxy to

make it sturdy.

Figure 17. Wind Turbine

Build a gearbox using a GI plane sheet with a dimensions of 18 x 18 cm to be a protection

case for the dc generator and pulleys. The pulley has a ratio of 1:6 to create greater rotation to

the DC generator.

Fig.18. Gearbox Fig. 19. pulley

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Fig. 20. DC generator

The DC generator used has a 3-24 output Voltage and a maximum output current that

exceeds 1500mA with maximum loads of 20 watts. Also has 720rpm-5760rpm.

Fig.21 inverter
A power inverter, or inverter, is a power electronic device or circuitry that changes

direct current (DC) to alternating current (AC).

The input voltage, output voltage and frequency, and overall power handling depend on the

design of the specific device or circuitry.

25
Fig. 22 charge controller

A charge controller, charge regulator or battery regulator limits the rate at which electric

current is added to or drawn from electric batteries. It prevents overcharging and may

protect against overvoltage, which can reduce battery performance or lifespan, and may

pose a safety risk. It may also prevent completely draining ("deep discharging") a battery,

or perform controlled discharges, depending on the battery technology, to protect battery

life.

26
Fig.23 solar panel

Photovoltaic (PV) solar panels are made up of many solar cells. Solar cells are

made of silicon, like semiconductors. They are constructed with a positive layer and a

negative layer, which together create an electric field, just like in a battery.

Fig.24 Voltage booster

27
A boost converter (step-up converter) is a DC-to-DC power converter that steps up voltage

(while stepping down current) from its input (supply) to its output (load)

Results and Discussion

What are the tests needed for the prototype?

The important tests needed for this prototype is to check its reliability if it can supply

enough energy by taking record of its charging capability, the switching time, and to provide

light.

The following tables below will be a basis in gathering the data needed to get the result

of this research.

Prototype parameters in testing:

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 Table 1. Solar Output with No Load

TIME WEATHER VOLTAGE CURRENT POWER

10:00AM SUNNY 20V 0A 0W

11:00AM SUNNY 20V 0A 0W

12:00PM SUNNY 20V 0A 0W

1:00PM SUNNY 13.6V 0A 0W

2:00PM SUNNY 12.5V 0A 0W

3:00PM SUNNY 12.3V 0A 0W

4:00PM SUNNY 12.2 0A 0W

TABLE 1 PROCEDURES:

1. Set up the solar panels.

2. Connect the wirings:

a) Connect the two Solar Panels in parallel connection.

b) Connect the positive wires of the solar panel in the positive of the solar charge

controller.

c) Connect the negative wires of the solar panel in the negative of the solar charge

controller.

3. Gather the data of the solar panel.

a) In measuring the voltage of the solar panel connect the positive of the voltmeter in the

positive connection of the solar charge controller. Connect the negative of the voltmeter

in the negative connection of the solar charge controller. Then record the voltage.

29
b) In measuring the current of the solar panel, as we all know if there is no load connected

in the solar panel then there will be no current flowing. Also the power will become

zero.

While the researchers are testing the output voltage and current of the solar panel every

hour in the same location. The researchers noticed that the location that we chose in testing

is at covered with tall buildings. So in the time 1:00PM to 4:00PM the solar panels are

shaded by the shadow of the building. The researchers noticed that when the panels are

shaded by the shadow its voltage decreases.

Table 2. Solar Output with Flashlight as a Load

LOAD Flashlight 1 Flashlight 2 Flashlight 3

(750mAh) (2200mAh) (1000mAh)

TIME 8:35am 9:48am 12:05pm
WEATHER Sunny Sunny Sunny
VOLTAGE 16.7V 17.9V 20.01V
CURRENT 0.5A 1.2A 0.65A
POWER 8.35W 21.48W 13W
CHARGING 1.37hrs 1.83hrs 1.55hrs

TIME

Table 2 Procedures:

1. Set up the solar panels

2. Connect the wirings:

a. Connect the two Solar Panels in parallel connection.

b. Connect the positive wires of the solar panel in the positive of the solar

charge controller.

30
 c. Connect the negative wires of the solar panel in the negative of the solar

charge controller.

d. Connect the positive wire of the battery to the positive connection of the

solar charge controller.

e. Connect the negative wire of the battery to the negative connection of the

solar charge controller.

f. Connect the inverter parallel to the battery. Then plug the extension cord

to the inverter.

g. Plug the loads (flashlight) to the extension cord.

3. Gather the data.

a. Measure the voltage and current in the load of the solar panel.

b. In measuring the voltage, connect the positive wire of the voltmeter to the

positive of the load. Connect the negative wire of the voltmeter to the

negative of the load. Then record the measured data.

c. In measuring the current, connect it in series. Connect the positive wire

of the ammeter to the negative of the charge controller then the negative

wire of the ammeter connects it to the positive of the load. Then record

the measured data.

4. In getting the value of the power, the researchers compute it by using the

measured current and voltage.

Table 3. Wind Output with No Load (Industrial Fan)

TIME WEATHE VOLTAG VOLTAGE CURREN POWE RPM

R E (BOOSTER T R

31
 (INPUT) )
10:00A SUNNY 4.2V 15.5V 0A 0W 330RPM

M SUNNY 5.5V 20.7V 0A 0W 403.8RP

11:00A SUNNY 3.7V 12.7V 0A 0W M

M SUNNY 4.6V 17.3V 0A 0W 269.8RP

12:00PM SUNNY 4.1V 14.7V 0A 0W M

1:00PM SUNNY 4.4V 15V 0A 0W 336.7RP

2:00PM SUNNY 3.5V 13.6V 0A 0W M

3:00PM 277.8RP

4:00PM M

286.5RP

247RPM

TABLE 3 Procedures:

1. Set up the wind turbine.

2. Connect the wirings:

a. Connect the shaft of the turbine to the DC generator using a belt.

b. Connect the positive of the DC generator to the positive of the Booster.

c. Connect the negative of the DC generator to the negative of the Booster.

3. Gathering the data:

a. The Voltage Booster is digital. So the Input Voltage and output voltage is

seen in the monitor

32
 b. As we all know if there is no load then there is no current flowing. Then the

power will be also zero.

Table 4. Wind Output with Battery as a Load (at Different Areas)

AREA CONCEPCION TALISAY, OVAL CICM, BEACH

TIME 4:00pm 3:00PM 8:30am
RPM 963rpm 741rpm 850rpm
VELOCITY 19kph 17kph 18kph
VOLTAGE 4.1V 3.3V 3.8V

(INPUT)
VOLTAGE 15.3V 13.8V 14.7V

(BOOSTER

OUTPUT)
CURRENT 0.3A 0.21A 0.28A
POWER 4.59W 2.9W 4.2W
WEATHER Windy Normal Windy

TABLE 4 Procedures:

1. Set up the wind turbine.

2. Connect the wirings:

a. Connect the shaft of the turbine to the DC generator using a belt.

b. Connect the positive of the DC generator to the positive of the Booster.

c. Connect the negative of the DC generator to the negative of the Booster.

d. Connect the booster parallel to the battery.

3. Gathering the data:

a. The Voltage Booster is digital. So the Input Voltage and output voltage is

seen in the monitor

33
 b. In measuring the current, connect the positive wire of the ammeter to the

positive of the wind connection. Connect the negative wire of the ammeter to

the positive of the battery.

c. The researcher computes the value of the power by using the output voltage

from the booster and the measured current.

Table 5. Solar and Wind input single output with drained battery as load.

TIME WEATHER Dc Gen RPM VOLTAGE CURRENT POWER

booster, V (BOTH) (BOTH) (BOTH)

10:00AM SUNNY 14V 338 12V 3.8A 45.6W

11:00AM SUNNY 14V 344.3 12V 4.3A 51.6W

11:30AM SUNNY 14V 344 12V 4.8A 57.6W

Table 6 shows the measured parameters in charging the drained battery. The initial

voltage of the battery before the researchers charged it is 6V. The charging time of the

battery is 1hr and 30 minutes. It only shows that the solar energy that we get from the sun

and the wind energy in that hour is huge. The specifications of the battery is 12V, 6.2Ah.

Table 5 procedures:

1. Set up the wind turbine and solar panels.

2. Connect the wirings:

a. Connect the Solar panel to the solar charge controller.

b. Connect the wind turbine wirings to the voltage booster.

34
 c. Connect the voltage booster to the battery.

d. Connect the solar charge controller to the battery.

3. Gather the measured data:

a. The Voltage Booster is digital. So the Input Voltage and output voltage is

seen in the monitor.

b. In measuring the current, connect the positive wire of the ammeter to the

positive of the solar and wind connection. Connect the negative wire of the

ammeter to the positive of the battery.

c. In measuring the power output, the researchers computes the power value

by using the Current and the output voltage from the booster.

Table 6 Solar and Wind input single output with loads. (continuation of table 5 but with

3 cellphones charged at the same time and the same battery used in table 5)

(ENGINEERING PLAZA)

TIME WEATHER Dc Gen RPM VOLTAGE CURRENT POWER

(output,V) (BOTH)
12:00PM SUNNY 14.1V 344 14V 1.6A 22.4W

35
1:00PM SUNNY 17.2V 365.7 14V 1.6A 22.4W

2:00PM SUNNY 12.5V 326.7 13.1V 1.9A 24.89W

3:00PM SUNNY 12.6V 253.5 11.9V 0.97A 11.61W

4:00PM SUNNY 12.8V 277 12.2V 0.85A 10.37W

TABLE 6. shows the measured parameters while it is charging a three cellphones at the

same time. The charging time of the cellphones depends on the life percentage of its

battery. Cellphone 1 has an initial battery life of 36%, cellphone 2 has an initial battery life

of 26%, and cellphone 3 has an initial life battery of 20%. With these measure parameters

the charging of the cellphones are: cellphone 1 is 2 hrs and 24 mins, cellphone 2 is 3 hrs

and 4 minutes, and cellphone 3 is 3 hrs and 36 minutes. In this hours 12:00PM to 4:00PM

the solar panel is shaded by the shadow of the building. So the solar energy gathered in that

sun is not that high and the wind turbine is continuously rotating.

TABLE 6 procedures:

1. Set up the wind turbine and solar panels.

2. Connect the wirings:

a. Connect the Solar panel to the solar charge controller.

b. Connect the wind turbine wirings to the voltage booster.

c. Connect the voltage booster to the battery.

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 d. Connect the solar charge controller to the battery.

3. Gather the measured data:

a. The Voltage Booster is digital. So the Input Voltage and output voltage is

seen in the monitor.

b. In measuring the current, connect the positive wire of the ammeter to the

positive of the solar and wind connection. Connect the negative wire of the

ammeter to the positive of the battery.

c. In measuring the power output, the researchers compute the power value by

using the Current and the output voltage from the booster.

Table 7. solar and wind input single output with 5W load. (ENGINEERING PLAZA)

TIME WEATHE Dc gen RPM VOLTAGE CURRENT POWER

R (output V) (BOTH)
10:00AM SUNNY 15.3V 330 16.3V 4.3A 70.09W

11:00AM SUNNY 20.7V 403.8 17.4V 2.6A 45.24W

12:00PM SUNNY 12.7V 269.8 16.77V 4.1A 68.76W

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1:00PM SUNNY 17.3V 336.7 16.36V 2A 32.72W

2:00PM SUNNY 14.7V 247.8 13.7V 1.2 16.4W

3:00PM SUNNY 15V 286.7 17V 2.4 40.8W

4:00PM SUNNY 13.6V 247 13.2V 1.04A 13.73W

Table 8 shows the measured parameter while having a 5W bulb as a load. As the researchers

conducting a test, the researchers observed that in the hours of 12:00PM to 4:00PM the solar

panel is shaded by the shadow of the building. So the solar energy gathered in that sun is not

that high and the wind turbine is continuously rotating.

TABLE 7 Procedures:

1. Set up the wind turbine and solar panels.

2. Connect the wirings:

a. Connect the Solar panel to the solar charge controller.

b. Connect the wind turbine wirings to the voltage booster.

c. Connect the voltage booster to the battery.

d. Connect the solar charge controller to the battery.

3. Gather the measured data:

a. The Voltage Booster is digital. So the Input Voltage and output voltage is

seen in the monitor.

b. In measuring the current, connect the positive wire of the ammeter to the

positive of the solar and wind connection. Connect the negative wire of the

ammeter to the positive of the battery.

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 c. In measuring the power output, the researchers compute the power value by

using the Current and the output voltage from the booster.

Table 8. Solar and Wind input single ouput with 7W load. (ENGINEERING PLAZA)

TIME WEATHER DC GEN RPM VOLTAGE CURRENT POWER

(output,V) (BOTH)
10:00AM SUNNY 3.7V 345 16.1V 4.1A 66W

11:00AM SUNNY 3.6V 348 16.9V 4.5A 76W

12:00PM SUNNY 3.2V 315 17.3V 4.9A 84.8W

1:00PM SUNNY 3.9V 370 16.4V 2.3A 37.7W

2:00PM SUNNY 3.3V 320 14.1V 1.7A 23.97W

3:00PM SUNNY 4.1V 380 14V 1.6A 22.4W

4:00PM SUNNY 4.5V 396 13.7 1.3A 17.8W

Table 8 shows the measured parameters, while having a 7W bulb as a load. As the

researchers conducting a test, the researchers observed that in the hours of 12:00PM to

4:00PM the solar panel is shaded by the shadow of the building. So the solar energy gathered

in that sun is not that high and the wind turbine is continuously rotating.

TABLE 9 Procedures:

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 1. Set up the wind turbine and solar panels.

2. Connect the wirings:

a. Connect the Solar panel to the solar charge controller.

b. Connect the wind turbine wirings to the voltage booster.

c. Connect the voltage booster to the battery.

d. Connect the solar charge controller to the battery.

3. Gather the measured data:

a. The Voltage Booster is digital. So the Input Voltage and output voltage is

seen in the monitor.

b. In measuring the current, connect the positive wire of the ammeter to the

positive of the solar and wind connection. Connect the negative wire of the

ammeter to the positive of the battery.

c. In measuring the power output, the researchers compute the power value by

using the Current and the output voltage from the booster.

CONCLUSION

The lack of power after a disaster strikes in a certain area can be coped through the

prototype of this study. The design for the mobile power station for disaster response are

solar panel and wind turbine sources. The prototype of this study meets the voltage and

current required in order to charge the battery. The timing data gathered in three days are

approximately equal so the researchers can say that it is reliable. The procedure and

40
processes to design and fabricate of the prototype can be found in the methodology. The

parameters needed to test the functionality of the power station are the voltages, currents,

calculation of power, and the rpm of the generator.

The prototype of the study is it can remove parts and easily transfer into another place.

The prototype advantage is where you can place the mobile power station in the free space

or outdoor where there's a large wind that can strike the wind turbine that can help the solar

to generate more power and in this case you have two electrical power sources, and the

disadvantage of this prototype is where you place the mobile power station in the indoor

where the air strike can't turn the wind turbine. In this case we can use only solar energy for

our source of electricity and remove parts of the prototype for the wind in order to reduce

the weight of mobile power station. The prototype of the study can charge of your

cellphones, flashlights, and light bulbs at the same time in all day the prototype gives more

power at the 11:00am to 1:00pm. 1:00pm start to reduce the current around 1 ampere at

4:00pm

RECOMMENDATION

The researchers recommend to find other DC motor with a low starting rpm to

generate voltage or try to adjust the gear ratio. Also strengthen the blades foundation so

that it will not easily taken away by strong winds. Materials should be in good quality to be

more efficient and strong. In terms of the height of the power station, the higher the better

so that it can gather more wind as it increases and the solar panel can gather more light

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 energy. The researchers also recommend that the design of the wind blade must be more

efficient. Lastly, the researchers recommended to find or create a different design for it to

be easily assembled and convenient to the users.

APPENDICES

Appendix A: Design of Prototype

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Appendix B: Bill of Materials

Bill of Materials (Pesos) Costs

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Fabrication (Labor and Materials) Php8,000

Solar Panel (2) Php5,000

Inverter Php1,100

Charge Controller Php700

DC Generator with Voltage Booster Php1,164

Battery Php700

Paint Php250

Epoxy Php200

Vulca Seal Php50

Paint Brush Php50

Bolts, Drill Bit, Angle Bar Php475

Total Php17,689

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