asean

01
ASEAN
INTRODUCTION
The Association of Southeast Asian Nations, or
ASEAN, was established on 8 August 1967 in Bangkok, 50 YEARS
Thailand, with the signing of the ASEAN Declaration
of ASEAN in Figures
(Bangkok Declaration) by the five Founding Members
of ASEAN, namely Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines,
1967 2016
Singapore and Thailand, or ASEAN-5.
Brunei Darussalam joined ASEAN on 7 January 1984, 634
followed by Viet Nam on 28 July 1995, Lao PDR and
Myanmar on 23 July 1997, and Cambodia on 30 April Population
185
1999, making up today’s ten Member States of ASEAN, (in million)

or ASEAN-10.
4,021
1967 1984 1995 1997 1999

ASEAN-5 ASEAN-10 GDP per capita 122

Indonesia, Brunei Viet Nam Lao PDR Cambodia (in US$)
Malaysia, Darussalam joined and Myanmar joined
Philippines, joined joined
Singapore and
2,219
Thailand

THE ASEAN COMMUNITY Trade

(in US$ billion) 10
Formally established on 31 December 2015.
71
APSC AEC ASCC 56
ASEAN Political- ASEAN Economic ASEAN Socio-Cultural
Security Community Community Community
Life expectancy
(in years)

02

ASEAN TOTAL MERCHANDISE TRADE AND TOTAL TRADE IN SERVICES

Evolution of ASEAN total merchandise trade (US$ billion)

Lao PDR and
Exports of merchandise Imports of merchandise
Myanmar joined

2,219
ASEAN-5 Brunei Viet Nam
ASEAN-10
Darussalam joined
Indonesia, Cambodia joined
joined
Malaysia,
Philippines,
Singapore and
Thailand

719
626 648

149
10

1967 1984 1995 1997 1999 2008 2016

Asian Global
Financial Crisis Financial Crisis
Evolution of ASEAN total trade in services
(US$ billion) ASEAN has become a global trade
Exports of services 681 powerhouse, with total merchandise
Imports of services trade amounting to US$2.2 trillion in
444 2016 from less than US$10 billion in
1967. The trend is echoed for trade in
254 services reflecting the growing
140
importance of the sector, albeit from a
lower base, with the total value more
than quadrupled between 1999 and
1999 2005 2010 2016 2016 to reach US$681 billion.

03 INTRA-ASEAN TRADE: MERCHANDISE EXPORTS AND IMPORTS

Evolution of intra-ASEAN merchandise exports (in US$ billion)

1,142
Total ASEAN exports of merchandise
282
Intra-ASEAN exports of merchandise
% Share of intra-ASEAN exports of merchandise

208
24.7%
44

21.0%
1993 1995 1997 1999 2005 2010 2016

Evolution of intra-ASEAN merchandise imports (in US$ billion)

1,077
Total ASEAN imports of merchandise
Intra-ASEAN imports of merchandise 238

% Share of intra ASEAN imports of merchandise

223 22.2%
39

17.4%

1993 1995 1997 1999 2005 2010 2016

The shares of intra-ASEAN in ASEAN total exports and imports have increased between
1993 and 2016, from 21.0% to 24.7% and from 17.4% to 22.2% respectively. In terms of
value, intra-ASEAN exports and imports have quadrapled between 1995 and 2016 to
reach US$282 billion and US$239 billion, respectively.

04
ASEAN INTEGRATION INTO THE GLOBAL ECONOMY

ASEAN openness to trade is ASEAN trade by partners in 2016 (%)

evident in the expanding size of
trade, with the ratio of total Intra-ASEAN Others

merchandise trade to GDP growing 23.5% 30.5%

from 43.1% in 1967 to 87.0% in 2016. China USA

Likewise, ASEAN shares in the world 16.1% 9.7%

exports and imports of merchandise EU-28 Japan

have almost tripled to reach 7.2% 10.4% 10.1%

and 6.6% respectively in 2016 from

the shares in 1967.

Shares of ASEAN in world exports and imports (%)

Share of ASEAN exports in the world exports of merchandise

Share of ASEAN imports in the world imports of merchandise

2.0% 6.2% 7.2%

10%

2.3% 5.0% 6.6%

10%

1967 1984 1995 1997 1999 2005 2010 2016

05 ASEAN FDI INFLOWS

ASEAN has emerged as a preferred investment destination,

attracting US$96 billion of FDI net inflows in 2016, a
significant increase from US$22 billion in 2000. Within this,
intra-ASEAN investment has accounted for a growing share
from only 5.6% in 2000 to 24.7% in 2016.

Evolution of extra-ASEAN and intra-ASEAN FDI inflows

96
ASEAN total FDI inflows 24
Intra-ASEAN FDI inflows
24.7%
% Share of intra-ASEAN FDI inflows

22
1

5.6%

2000 2005 2010 2016

06 ASEAN FDI INFLOWS BY SECTORS

1.7%
3.0%

6.4% 6.2%
18.6% 8.3%

24.2%
Agriculture,
forestry, and
Mining and
quarrying
Others
1999 2016
fishing

50.8%
80.8%

Manufacturing Services

Services sector continued to account for the largest share of FDI net inflows to ASEAN, growing
from 50.8% in 1999 to 80.8% in 2016.

THE RISE OF CLMV*

19.6%
% Share of CLMV in ASEAN
FDI inflows 18.4%
ASEAN economic
% Share of CLMV in ASEAN performance has been
total merchandise trade
enjoyed across all member
states. CLMV countries have
7.6%
accounted for growing shares
4.3%
of ASEAN total merchandise
trade and FDI net flows, from
4.3% to 18.4% between, and
from 7.6% to 19.6% between
1999 2005 2010 2016 1999 and 2016, respectively.

*Cambodia, Lao PDR, Myanmar and Viet Nam Source: ASEAN Secretariat.

The Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) was

established on 8 August 1967. The Member States are
Brunei Darussalam, Cambodia, Indonesia, Lao PDR,
Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand and
Viet Nam.
The ASEAN Secretariat is based in Jakarta, Indonesia.

For inquiries, contact:

The ASEAN Secretariat
Community Relations Division (CRD)
or Statistics Division (ASEANstats)
70A Jalan Sisingamangaraja
Jakarta 12110
Indonesia
The ASEAN Secretariat Phone: (62 21) 724-3372, 726-2991
70A Jalan Sisingamangaraja Fax: (62 21) 739-8234, 724-3504
E-mail: public@asean.org or stats@asean.org
Jakarta 12110
(+6221)7262991, 7243372 ASEAN: A Community of Opportunities

(+6221)7398234, 7243504
Catalogue-in-Publication Data
public@asean.org
www.asean.org ASEAN Trade and Investment
Jakarta, ASEAN Secretariat, July 2017

315.95
1. ASEAN – Statistics
2. Economics – Social – Narrowing the Development Gap

The text of this publication may be freely quoted or

reprinted, provided proper acknowledgement is given and
a copy containing the reprinted material is sent to the
Community Relations Division (CRD) of the ASEAN
Secretariat, Jakarta.

General information on ASEAN appears online at the

asean ASEAN Website: www.asean.org

This leaflet is supported by European Copyright Association of Southeast Asian Nations

Union through the EU-ASEAN COMPASS (ASEAN) 2017.
Project All rights reserved.