The table shows that average inefficiency in paddy is 13%.

The paddy farmers

of the state are harness the farm potential fully in paddy crop. The average
technical efficiency of paddy is merely 87%. Godavari zone and Krishna zone
are found to be technically more efficient than the agro climatic zones in the
state. These two agro climatic zones are better off in terms of farm resource use
efficiency than state average and have managed to reduce inefficiency by 10%.

Data envelopment analysis (DEA) is a linear programming model which attempts to

maximize service unit’s efficiency within the performance of similar service units that
delivering the same service. In the original paper, Charnes et al. (1978) introduced the term
decision making units (DMU) to describe the collection of firms, departments or divisions
which have multiple inputs and outputs and which are being assessed for efficiency. DEA
was used for estimation of technical efficiency of different rice farming systems in the
present study. The DEA models employed in this study were Charnes, Cooper and Rhodes
(CCR), Banker, Charnes and Cooper (BCC) which were used for calculation of technical
efficiency, pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency of the energy use by using energy
inputs.

Technical Efficiency: Technical Efficiency was calculated by Charnes-CooperRhodes

(CCR) DEA model (Charnes et al., 1978) which is a Linear-Programming model.

u1 y 1 j +u 2 y 2 j + ¿ y nj ∑ ur y rj
r =1
TE= = m
v 1 x 1 j + v2 x 2 j +¿ x mj
∑ v s x sj
r =1
Where, ur = weight (energy coefficient) of output n

vs = weight (energy) coefficient given to input s

r = number of outputs

yr = amount of output n

xs = amount of input n

s = number of inputs

The technical efficiency equation was solved by using CCR model as follows

n
Maximum q=∑ u r y ri
r=1

n m
subjected to ∑ u r y rj - ∑ v s x sj ≤ 0
r=1 s=1

∑ v s x sj =1
s=1

ur ≥ 0, vs ≥ 0

where, q denotes technical efficiency and represents ith DMU (Decision making unit)

Potential yield is obtained by dividing existing yield with technical efficiency and yield gap is
obtained by subtracting existing yield and potential yield.

RESULTS:

The yield gap between the potential and the actual yield is shown in Table 1. The
result indicated that existing yield is highest in Godavari zone with 6683.73 kg/ha followed
by Krishna zone, Southern zone, Scarce rainfall zone and North coastal zone with 5553.09,
4951.82, 4553.15 and 2504.71 kg/ha respectively. Technical efficiency is highest in Godavari
zone with 0.883 followed by Krishna zone, Southern zone, North coastal zone and Scarce
rainfall zone with 0.874, 0.842, 0.825 and 0.818 respectively. Potential yield is highest in
Godavari zone with 7569.34 kg/ha followed by Krishna zone, Southern zone, Scarce rainfall
zone and North coastal zone with 6353.65, 5881.02, 5566.20 and 3036.012 respectively.
Yield gap is highest in Scarce rainfall zone with 1013.09 kg/ha followed by Southern zone,
Godavari zone, Krishna zone and North coastal zone with 929.20, 885.61, 800.56 and 531.30
respectively.

TABLE 1: Yield gap due to technical efficiency in rice of Andhra Pradesh

North Scarce
Godavar Krishna Southern
S. No ZONE coastal Rainfall
i Zone Zone Zone
Zone Zone
1 Existing Yield 2504.71 6683.73 5553.09 4951.82 4553.15
Technical
2 0.825 0.883 0.874 0.842 0.818
Efficiency
Potential
3 Yield 3036.01 7569.34 6353.65 5881.02 5566.20
(1/2)
Yield Gap
4 531.302 885.61 800.56 929.20 1013.05
(3-1)

CONCLUSION:

There is a maximum yield gap of 1013.09 kg/ha in scarce rainfall zone and a minimum yield
gap of 531.30 kg/ha in north coastal zone. Yield gap could be significantly decreased only by
improving farmers practices with the current amount of resource they are using

Farmers particularly in developing countries fail to exploit the full potential of technology or
inputs. The identification of those factors, which influence the technical efficiency of
farming, is undoubtedly very significant for policy makers. In this background, the present
paper investigates the technical efficiency along with the technical inefficiency effects in
paddy cultivation in Andhra Pradesh