GE8071-DI

SASTERMANAGEMENT

ASSI
GNMENT

RAKESHM 4thYear
CSEB( )
310617104078
 Gaj
aCy
clone

Ver y Severe Cy clonic Stor

m Gaj a was t he sixth named cy clone of
the 2018 Nor th Indi
an Ocean cy cl
oneseason, af t
er
Cyclones Sagar ,
 
Mekunu,  
Day e,
 
Luban,and  Ti
tl
i.Formi ngonNov ember5
asal owpr essuresy stem overthe 
Gul fofThailand,thesy st
em cr ossed
through Southern Thai l
and and the Mal ay Peni nsula and ev entuall
y
crossed i nt
ot he Andaman Sea.Theweaksy stem i ntensifi
ed intoa
depr essi
on ov er t he Bay of Bengal  on Nov ember 10 and f urt
her
i
ntensi fi
edtoacy cloni
cst or
m onNov ember11, beingcl assif
ied'Gaja'.

Ef
fect
s:
After tr
acking west-sout
hwest ward f or a number of day s
i
n SouthIndi
a,
shift
edthr
ough Vedarany am, 
Voi medu, Thir
uthur
aipoondi,
 
Muthupet ,
 
Pudukkottai
,
 Adi
rampattinam,  
Pattukkottai 
and Per
avurani.
The storm sur v
ived it
s crossi
ng i ntot he Arabi
an Sea;howev er
,it
di
ssipatedinhost i
lecondi
tionsonl yaf ew day slat er
.45peopl ewer e
ki
ll
edbyt hestormi nthatThanjav urdistr
ictpat t
ukkotaialone8wer e
kil
led.Gaj
ahadsev erei
mpact sin 
SouthIndi
a,par
ti
cul
arl
yin 
TamilNadu.
AfterCycloneGaja,TamilNadusoughtRs15, 000cror
ef r
om Centr
eto
rebuil
d.coconutt
reesofPattukkot
taiandPeravur
ani
.

Mi
ti
gat
ion:
Sinceiti
sacy cl
onethegoverment
sofindi
a,Bengaland
sri
lankahasalr
eadypreparedf
orthiscycl
oneandmadeshelt
ersand
foodandothernecessarymeasures.

Theaft
ermathwasnotthatdevastat
ingsi
ncemanyngo’
sandthe
governmentwasantici
pati
ngt
hedisasterbutt
henal
sothehomes,
off
icesandotherst
ructur
esweredamaged.

Concl
usi
on:
Nowadaysall
countr
iesst
artedtoi
nvestinsatel
li
tesandot
her
devi
cesthatcaninf
ormthepeopleaboutthecy cl
ones.Sothe
dest
ructi
onofthecycl
onescanbegr eat
lyreduces.
 Aust
ral
i
anBushf
ir
e
Bushf ires in Aust r
alia 
are a wi despread and r egular
occurrencet hathav econt
ri
but edsi gnif
icant
lytoshapi ngthenatureof
thecont i
nentov ermi ll
i
onsofy ear s.EasternAustral
iaisoneofthemost
fi
re-pr
oner egi onsoft heworld,andi t
spr edominanteucalypt
usf orests
haveev olvedt ot hriveonthephenomenonofbushf i
re.Howeverthef i
res
cancausesi gnificantpropertydamageandl ossofbot hhumanand
animallife.Bushf i
reshav eki
lledappr oximat
ely800peopl einAust rali
a
since1851,  andbi ll
ionsofani
mal s.

I
tisest
imatedthatt
he2019-
2020bushf
ir
esl
eadt
othedeat
hsofat
l
east33peopleandover3bi
l
li
onanimal
s.
Causes:
Austral
i
ahasal waysexperi
encedbushf
ir
es-i
thasa"
fi
reseason"
.
Butt
hisyeartheyar
eal otworsethannor
mal.
Fi
resareusual
l
ycausedbyli
ght
ningstr
ikesoracci
dent
all
ybyaspar
k-
but 
somefi
resareal
sost
art
eddel
iber
ately.
Thisy ear  
anat uralweat herphenomenonknownast heI ndianOcean
Dipole hasmeantahot ,dr yspellacr
ossthecount ry.
Butt heov er
whel mingsci ent
ifi
cconsensusi st hatrisi
ngl ev el
sofCO2
arewar mi ngt hepl anet.AndAust ral
iahasbeenget ti
nghot terover
recentdecadesandi sexpect edt ocont
inuedoingso.
Thisy ear ,Aust r
ali
at wicesetanew t emper aturer ecord:anav erage
maxi mum of41. 9Cwasr ecordedon18December .Thatcomesont op
ofal ongper iodofdr ought .
Scienti
st shav elongwar nedt hatthi
shotter,
 dr
ierclimat ewi l
lcontri
bute
tofir
es  becomi ngmor efr equentandmor eintense.
Themor eext r
emeweat herpat t
ernsandhi ghert emper aturesincrease
theriskofbushf i
resandal lowthem tospreadfast erandwi der

Ef
fect
s:
Whil
epeoplecanfleethefi
resandarebei
ngevacuat
edi
fneed
be,
 
thef
lamesaredevast
ati
ngwil
dli
fe 
i
ntheaf
fect
edar
eas.
One studyest
imat
ed t
hathal
fa bill
i
on animals hav
e di
ed i
n NSW
al
one. 
Readmoreonhowtheyr
eachedthatconcl
usi
onhere.
 Whichanimalsfarebestandwor sti
nfires?
 Zookeepert
akesani mal shomet osavet hem fr
om fi
re
Butthefi
resdon'tonlyki l
lanimalsdi
rectly,
theyal
sodestr
oythehabi
tat
,
l
eavingthesurvivorsv ul
nerableevenoncet hefi
reshavegone.Sothe
tr
uescaleoflossisn'tyetclear.
Expert
ssay moret han100,000cowsandsheepmayal sohavebeenl
ost
,
whichisdevast
atingf orfar
mer s.

Mitigati
on:
Eachst aterunsit
sownemer gencyoperat
ion,butPrimeMi ni
sterScott
Mor ri
sonhaspr omisedbett
erfundi
ngf orfi
refi
ght
ingandpay outsf or
volunteerfi
refi
ght
ers,andanadditi
onalA$2bn( $1.4bn;£1bn)forthe
recovery.

Butthenat i
onalgov
ernmenthascomeunderst rongcri
ti
cism fr
om it
s
opponentsthati
t'
snotbeendoingenoughagainstcli
mat
echange.
Thecount r
yi soneofthewor ld'
sbiggestpercapitagreenhousegas
emitter
sbutunderinter
nati
onalagreements 
ithascommi ttedit
sel
fto
reducti
ontarget
s.

Concl
usi
on:

Cl
imat
estudi
esshowt hatcondi
ti
onsinAustrali
aforextr
emebushfi
res
wi
llonl
y getworse as more greenhouse gases ar
e added t
ot he
at
mospher
e.

It
’sworryi
ngthatwearetal
kingaboutthi
sasanewnormal,
becausewe
areactual
lyonanupwar dtr
aject
ory.Curr
ent
lyt
hepl
edgesinthePari
s
agreementarenotenoughtoli
mitusto1.5C–wearelooki
ngmor el
i
ke
3C