The National Authority for Egyptian Railways

Also known as (ERA) it’s a company owned by the government and operate the

Egyptian railway system, it’s the second in the world after the British railway

this company started from 1843 so The rails of the railways actually extended its

time in the Suez-Alexandria line. The construction of the first railway line in

Egypt began on July 12, 1851, and its operation began in 1854, and it is

mentioned that the supervisor of the Egyptian railway construction project at

that time was the English engineer Robert Stephenson.

The length of the iron network reached about 9,000 km . The number of stations

on the network is more than 705, of which twenty are major stations in the

capitals of the governorates. Thus, the railway network connects the valley from

end to end, along more than 1000 km, and railways connect most of the urban

and economic centers in the country.

Infrastructure
Any rail way system includes railway lines and other structures, buildings and

equipment, together with the corresponding land, located on railway premises,

designed for the management, passenger or freight transport, and for the

maintenance  this part of research considers the Signal system, Bridges and

tunnels and Tractor fleet Used by the National Authority for Egyptian Railways

Signal systems: is a system used to direct railway traffic and keep trains always

clear of each other. The National Authority for Egyptian Railways use

1- 15% electrical signal system lines

2- 85% mechanical signaling system

Bridges and tunnels Railroad bridges and tunnels are generally used for

railroad crossing of waterways, In areas obstructed by waterways , rugged

mountainous areas Reducing transportation congestion in major cities and

Reducing environmental pollution. In Egypt railways system includes:

1-885 bridges and tunnels Railroad bridges on the Nile and waterways

2-511 bridges Bridge over the railway cars

3-58 Bridge Tunnels for cars and pedestrians

4-137 tunnels Overhead pedestrian bridges

Tractor fleet:

1- 342 German locomotive, 2,475 hp

2- 45 Canadian locomotive, capacity 2,475 hp

3- 30 American locomotives, 1850 hp

4- 253 Canadian locomotive, 1650 hp

5- 30 Spanish maneuver locomotives, 1,200 HP

6- 80 new American GE locomotive, 4000 hp

7- 40 new EMD American locomotive, capacity of 3245 hp

HP is horse power : the common unit of power

Transportation service:
the authority provides both of transportation for customers passengers and

freight. Regarding the freight transportation the authority provides two type of

services.

1- Urgent cargo transportation service on the same passenger trains for

some types of goods (luggage, parcels, light transport, food ... etc.)
2-Non-urgent transportation service on freight transport trains equipped with

modern tractors and their heavy-duty carriages

Goods transported by these trains:

1-coal

2- Sugar cane and its products

3- Petroleum products

4- Iron ore

5- Phosphate ore

6- Processed fertilizers

7- Salt and all kinds of stones

Egypt Railways employs 86,000 workers of all specialties organized in several

central technical departments, and the authority is administratively divided into

seven geographical regions extending north, south and west along the railway

network, and the authority includes a number of large production workshops to

meet the needs and requirements of operation such as maintenance The renewal

of mobile units, buildings, furniture as well as its own exchange with a capacity

of one thousand lines connecting all activity centers directly to it, and the

authority has its own printing press that supplies it with its needs of publications

and also sometimes works commercially for others

Network of ERA
the network of ERR includes two sections from Cairo to Alexandria

and Cairo to Aswan High Dam are the main trunk lines of ERA and

both have double tracks or more for the entire sections. Branch lines
 from Benha to Suez, from Tanta to El Mansoura and from Alexandria

to Abu Keer also have double tracks. All the other lines are single

tracked. On the double tracks, trains run on the left-hand side.

The total line length extends to 5,130 km, or 9,560 track

 Quadruple tracks: 20KM (0.4 percent of total).

 Double track: 1,460 KM (28.5 percent of total).

 Single track: 3,650 KM (71.2 percent of total).

Railway system Track and structure

Main standards used for track construction are as follows

Track gauge: 1,435 mm

Minimum radius of curve:

500m (V<100km/h)

600m (v=100km/h)

850m (V=120km/h

1350m (V=140km/h) (daily load of freight > 60,000 ton)

1150m (V=140km/h) (daily load of freight < 60,000 ton)

Maximum gradient 1.25 %

Maximum gradient at station 0.25 %

Railroad types of ERA

SINGLE-RAIL (monorail)

Electric rail
References

https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%83%D9%83_%D8%AD%D8%AF

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TRANSPORT PLANNING AUTHORITY MINISTRY OF TRANSPORT THE ARAB REPUBLIC

OF EGYPT