ADJECTIVES ENDING IN –ING & -ED

Present and past participles can be used like adjectives:

Examples: I love the noise of the falling rain. (the rain that falls)
John has become a very boring character lately.
She says she has got a broken heart.

Generally, when –ing forms are used as adjectives they have similar
meanings to active verbs.
Examples: The boss said, with a threatening voice, that the employee
was fired.
He was trapped inside the burning house
Many of his paintings depict the setting sun.
Racing cars can go as fast as 400kph.
Some more examples: mowing machine breath-taking news
interesting courses running water
washing machine stimulating tasks
selling skills the coming/remaining
hours
amazing success flourishing company
surprising attitude a walking encyclopedia
The past participles interested, bored, excited, etc are used to say how
people feel.

Example: Boring teachers make bored students.

A few intransitive verbs have past participles that can be used as

adjectives with active meanings.
Examples: I like to work with advanced students.
We have links with all the developed countries from Europe.
She is fascinated with the vanished civilizations.
Mr. Smith is a retired general.
They have to provide shelter for the recently arrived
immigrants.

There are some constructions in English that permit the transformation

of a noun into an adjective by adding the suffix –ed.
Examples: a black-haired young boy a long-sleeved shirt
a blue-eyed girl (one ‘e’ is dropped) a four- roomed
flat/house
a rosy-cheeked girl a kind-hearted man
 a four-storied block of flats
a long-legged man (the consonant is doubled)
Pay attention at the use of the adverbs ‘very’ and ‘(very) much’
in the following examples:
There was a very surprised look on his face when I announced
the news.
He was (very) much surprised to hear that Jim had been
promoted.
She was a very celebrated actor in the sixties.