PRINTED: SEPTEMBER 1989 NONFERROUS ALLOYS
AUTHOR: J. R. KATTUS
GENERAL
Incoloy Alloy 909 is a precipitation-hardening
nickel-iron-base alloy with attractive mechanical
properties at temperatures up to 1200 F. The
alloy is notably different from most conventional 1.053
superalloys in that it contains no chromium, as a
result of which its coefficient of thermal expansion
is only about half that of other alloys with compa¬ 1.054
rable strength. The low-expansion characteristics
allow closer control of clearances and tolerances in
elevated-temperature applications, which in aircraft
engines, for example, increases efficiency. For
these reasons, the alloy is used for gas- turbine
vanes, casings, shafts, and shrouds, its properties
are also attractive for rocket-engine thrust cham¬ 1.06
bers, ordnance hardware, springs, steam-turbine
bolts, gage blocks, instrumentation, and glass-
sealing applications. Optimum mechanical prop¬ 1.07
erties are obtained in wrought products by a 1.071
proper combination of hot-warm working fol¬
lowed by heat treatment. Since the hot-warm
work process is not applicable to castings, cast
products have inferior mechanical properties;
nevertheless, castings that are hot-isostatically
pressed (HIP) and heat treated are useful for some
applications. (1,3,4,17) 1.08
1.081
1.01 Commercial Designation
Incoloy Alloy 909.
1.02 Alternate Designations
Incoloy 909, UNS N19909.
i.03 Specifications 1.09
No AMS or ASTM specifications are available at 1.09 1
the time of preparation of this chapter, but AMS
specifications on bars/forgings/rings and sheet and
strip are being prepared for probable publication
in 1990- Several aerospace companies have pre¬
pared specifications, including two by Garrett
Engine Division, Allied-Signal Aerospace Co., and
one by Allison Gas Turbine Division, General
Motors Corp., which were made available for use
in preparing this chapter.
1.031 Company specifications, Table 1.031.
1.04 Composition
1.041 Nominal and company-specified compositions,
Table 1.041.
1.092
1.05 Heat Treatment
1.05! For optimum mechanical properties Incoloy 909
should be heat treated by a precipitation-
hardening process, which requires annealing at
a high temperature followed by aging at inter¬
mediate temperatures. The following heat-treat
procedure is widely used for this alloy (1,16,17,18):
Anneal at 1800 F, 1 hr minimum, AC or faster;
age at 1325 F, 8 hr, FC at 100 F per hour to
1150 F, hold 8 hr, AC.
Tables 3.0212, 3. 0313, and 4.0311 and Figures
3.0211 and 3.0312 show the mostly deleterious
effects on tensile properties of some deviations
from this heat-treat procedure. (6,15)
,.052 Company specifications allow the following toler¬
ances for the annealing and aging temperatures:
NiCo
Annealing temperature: 1775-1850 F (16-18)
First aging temperature: 1300-1350 F (16-18)
Ni
Second aging temperature: 1125-1175 (16,17) 42 Fe
or 1135-1165 F (18). 13 Co
For the annealing treatment at 1800 F, a protective 4.7 Cb
(non-oxjdizing) furnace atmosphere or vacuum
is desirable. (17,18) 1.5 Ti
For investment castings, Garrett specifies hot
isostatic pressing (HIP) at 2125 F for 3.5 hours at Incoloy 909
15,000 psi prior to the annealing and precipitation-
hardening cycles. (17) This treatment, undoubt¬
edly, benefits mechanical properties by minimizing
porosity and homogenizing the microstructure.
Hardness
Table 1.06.
Forms and Conditions Available
Incoloy 909 is available as sheet, plate, rod, bar,
wire rod, forging stock, forgings, and hot-
isostatically-pressed investment castings. The
various products can normally be supplied either
in the annealed or annealed-and-aged
condition. (1,16,17,18)
Melting and Casting Practice
Vacuum melting techniques are normally em¬
ployed for this alloy. For wrought products, for
example, ingot production by a combination of
vacuum-induction melting and vacuum-arc remelt-
ing has been proven to be effective. (11) Castings
should be poured as well as melted in vacuum. (17)
Special Considerations
The necessary absence of chromium in order to
obtain low-expansion characteristics in the alloy
results in reduced oxidation resistance (see Section
2.03 1) and in the possibility of a phenomenon
known as stress-assisted-grain-boundary-oxidation
embrittlement (SAGBO), which tends to induce
poor notch-bar rupture strength when certain
chromium-free superalloys are stressed at elevated
temperatures in air. In Incoloy 909 this type of
embrittlement is minimized while high strength
properties are maintained by proper control of
chemical composition (particularly silicon, alumi¬
num, and columbium contents), thermomechanical
processing, and heat treatment (see Sections 1.05,
1.092, 2.0122, and 4.012). (1,3,7)
Incoloy Alloy 909 is the third and latest develop¬
ment in a series of low-expansion superalloys, the
previous two versions having been designated
Incoloy Alloys 903 and 907. In the earliest ver¬
sion, Incoloy 903, which requires extensive thermo¬
mechanical processing, the threshold stress for
oxygen embrittlement is extremely low in the
transverse orientation. Improvement was achieved
in the second version, Incoloy Alloy 907, by
restricting aluminum content to a very low level
and by increasing titanium and columbium con¬
tents However, to increase the 100-hour notch-
rupture strength to an acceptable level, it was nec¬
essary to over-age the alloy with uneconomical,
long-time age-hardening cycles that result in a
substantial loss in tensile strength. In Incoloy 909,
the addition of 0.4 percent silicon combines
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NiCo NONFERROUS ALLOYS PRINTED: SEPTEMBER 1989

excellent resistance to stress-assisted-grain- Above that temperature, it becomes paramagnetic,

Ni boundary-oxidation embrittlement with good and its expansion coefficient becomes greater with
42 Fe mechanical properties obtained with much simpler increasing temperature (see Figure 2.0141). (1)
13 Co processing measures than those requiied for the 2.024 Emittance.
earlier alloys. A silicon content of about 0.4 per- 2.025 Damping capacity.
4.7 Cb cent, therefore, is critical to the attainment of
1.5 Ti optimum properties. (3,11) 2.03 Chemical Environment
1.093 Although Incoloy 909 castings, hot isostatically 2.03 1 Incoloy 909 is more susceptible than the
Incoloy 909 pressed and heat treated, can be used for some chromium-containing superalloys to oxidation
applications, their mechanical properties are at high temperatures. In some applications, it
limited by the lack of hot-warm work, which may require a protective coating to prevent exces¬
contributes significantly to the optimum proper¬ sive oxidation- (See Section 4.04.) (1,4)
ties obtained in wrought products. (See Table 2.03 11 Weight gain due to oxidation in air at 1200 F,
3.011.) (3,11,17) showing comparison of Incoloy 909 with a
chromium-containing superalloy, Inconel 718
PHYSICAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS (Code 4 103), Figure 2.03 11 .
2.032 Unlike many other alloys of comparable strength,
2.01 Thermal Properties Incoloy 909 is highly resistant to high-pressure
2.011 Melting range, 2540-2610 F (1). hydrogen embrittlement. (1,12)
2.012 Phase changes
2.0121 Time-temperature-transformation diagrams. 2.04 Nuclear Environment
2.01211 Time-temperature-transformation diagram show¬
ing effects of temperature on time to start of 3 MECHANICAL PROPERTIES
precipitation of various phases from the
austenitic matrix of Incoloy 909 after it has 3.01 Specified Mechanical Properties
been solution annealed at 1900 F, Figure 2.01211. 3.011 Company-specified tensile properties, Table 3.011.
2.0122 As shown in Figure 2.01211, elevated-temperature 3.012 Company-specified stress-rupture properties,
exposures after full solution annealing at 1900 F Table 3.012.
cause the following phases to precipitate from 3-013 The hardness ranges shown in Table 1.06 are
the austenitic matrix within various temperature company-specified ranges.
ranges: gamma prime [Ni3Ti,Cb], epsilon double
prime [(Ni,Fe,Co)3(Cb,Ti)] , epsilon (similar to 3.02 Mechanical Properties at Room Temperature
epsilon double prime but with silicon replacing 3.021 Tension - stress-strain diagrams - tension
some of the titanium), and Laves (nickel-rich properties.
phases). Gamma prime is the alloy's main 3.0211 Tensile stress-strain curves at room temperature for
strengthening phase. The presence of 0.4 per¬ bar after four different heat treatments, Figure
cent silicon in the alloy promotes the precipita¬ 3.0211.
tion of the beneficial intergranular epsilon and 3.0212 Effects of variations in heat treatment on tensile
Laves phases, which provide grain refinement and properties of bar at room temperature, Table
facilitate the achievement of an excellent combina¬ 3.0212.
tion of mechanical properties and resistance to 3.0213 Room-temperature tensile properties after 100-
stress-assisted-grain-boundary-oxidation embrittle¬ and 1000-hour exposures to temperatures of
ment with commercially attractive therm omechani- 1100 to 1400 F, Figure 3.0213.
cal processing and heat-tieating cycles (see Sections 3.022 - -
Compression stress-strain diagrams compres¬
1.05 and 4.012). (3,12) sion properties.
2.013 Thermal conductivity. 3.023 Impact.
2.0131 Thermal conductivity from 70 to 1400 F, Figure 3.024 Bending.
2.0131. 3.025 Torsion and shear.
2.014 Thermal expansion. 3.026 Bearing.
2.0141 Thermal expansion from -260 to 1200 F, Figure 3.027 Stress concentrations.
2.0141. 3.027 1 Notch properties (see Figure 3.052).
2.015 Specific heat. 3.0272 Fracture toughness.
2.0151 Specific heat from 70 to 2000 F, Figure 2.0151. 3.028 Combined properties.
2.016 Thermal diffusivity.
3.03 Mechanical Properties at Various Temperatures
2.02 Other Physical Properties 3.031 Tension - stress-strain diagrams - tension
2.021 Density, 0.296 lb/in.3 (8.19 g/cm3) at room tem¬ properties.
perature for the age-hardened alloy. (1) 3.0311 Tensile stress-strain curve at 1000 F for bar, Fig¬
2.022 Electrical properties. ure 3.0311.
2.0221 Electrical resistivity from 70 to 2000 F, Figure 3 0312 Tensile stress-strain curves at 1200 F for bar after
2.0221. four different heat treatments, Figure 3.03 12.
2.023 Magnetic properties. 3.0313 Effects of variations in heat treatment on tensile
2.0231 The alloy is ferromagnetic up to the Curie temper¬ properties of bar at 1200 F, Table 3.0313.
ature, which varies within the range 750 to 800 F, 3-0314 Effects of temperatures up to 1400 F on tensile
depending upon specific chemical composition. properties of plate, Figure 3 .03 14.

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3.03 IS Effects of low temperatures on tensile properties b. Intermediate working to 25 percent or more
of bar. Figure 3.0315. reduction after reheating to 1825-1925 F, Ni
3.032 Compression - stress-strain diagrams - compres¬ the last 15 percent reduction below 1750 F. 42 Fe
sion properties. c. Finish working to 20 percent or more reduc¬ 13 Co
3.033 Impact. tion after reheating to 1800-1875 F with
Bending. most of the finishing operation below
4.7 Cb
3.034
3.035 Torsion and shear. 1750 F. 1.5 Ti
3.036 Bearing. Air cooling rather than water quenching is recom¬
3.037 Stress concentration. mended after all hot-forming operations. Incoloy 909
3.0371 Notch properties (see Figures 3.041 and 3.043).
3.0372 Fracture toughness. The reheats in the intermediate and finishing ranges
3.038 Combined properties. followed by warm work produce beneficial grain
refinement. In addition, during subsequent heat
3.04 Creep and Creep Rupture Properties treatment at 1800 F, the retained strain energy in¬
3.041 Creep-rupture curves for plate at 1000, 1100, and duces grain-boundary Laves precipitation prior to
1200 F, Figure 3.041. recrystallization, which promotes grain refinement
3.042 Time to various amounts of creep strain and to and leaves a prior grain-boundary network. Insuf¬
rupture at 1100, 1200, and 1400 F, Figure 3.042. ficient warm work (strain energy) prior to heat
3.043 Creep-crack growth rate for plate tested in air at treatment may result in Laves precipitation in the
1000 F, Figure 3.043. final grain boundaries, with adverse effects on
ductility and possibly other properties. On the
3.05 Fatigue Properties other hand, epsilon-type phases precqfitate in the
3.051 Fatigue strength of plate at 10ÿ and 10ÿ cycles, final grain boundaries during age hardening with
Table 3.051. beneficial effects on mechanical properties and
3.052 Fatigue-crack growth rate for plate tested in air resistance to stress-assisted-grain-bou ndary
and in helium at room temperature, Figure 3.052. oxidation. (1,3,5)

3.06 Elastic Properties 4.02 Machining and Grinding

3.061 Poisson's ratio, 0.34. This value was calculated
from the relationship between Poisson's ratio,
elastic modulus, and shear modulus as given in
the "General Discussion of Handbook Contents"
near the front of Volume 1.
3.062 Modulus of elasticity.
3.0621 Modulus of elasticity from 70 to 2000 F, Figure
3.0621.
3.063 Modulus of rigidity.
3.063 1 Modulus of rigidity from 70 to 2000 F, Figure
3.0631.
3.064 Tangent modulus.
3.065 Secant modulus.
4 FABRICATION
4.01 Forming
4.01 1 Incoloy 909 can be formed by conventional pro¬
cedures for nickel alloys. In most operations,
its forming characteristics are similar to those of
Inconel 718 (Code 4 103). (3)
4.012 The procedures for elevated-temperature forming
should include a combination of hot and warm
working designed to provide a uniform fine-grain
structure and retained strain energy, both of which
are necessary for optimum response to subsequent
heat treatment. Specifically, the following steps
have been shown to be effective:
a. Initial hot forging to at least 40 percent re¬
duction in the range 1940 to 2050 F, above
the recrystalli2ation temperature. Since the
recrystalliaation temperature can range from
as low as 1750 I" for wrought fine-grain
material to over 1950 F for coarse-grain,
initial forging temperatures for coarse-grain
stock should approach 2050 F.
4.021 Incoloy 909 can be machined by conventional
practices used for other high-strength nickel alloys
(see Inconel Alloy 718, Code 4103, Section 4.021).
Rough machining should be done with the mate¬
rial in the annealed condition (1).
4.03 Joining
4.031 Incoloy 909 can be welded in either the annealed
or aged condition with the gas-tungsten-arc process
(GTAW) using Incoloy 909 filler metal, and with
the electron-beam (EBW) process. Full heat treat¬
ment after GTA welding provides weld-metal
strength approaching that of the base metal, but
equally effective results have not been achieved
with gas-metal-arc welding (GMAW). Whereas a
full postweld anneal and aging treatment provides
good properties in weldments, it is possible but not
yet proven that, as in the case of Inconel 718
(Code 4103, Section 4.031), in some weldments
of annealed material comparable properties could
be obtained with only the postweld aging
treatment.
Although the alloy is not unduly susceptible to
heat-affected tone microfissuring and weld-metal
hot cracking, the following precautions should
normally be observed to prevent such defects:
(1) use clean base metal; (2) make weld beads
slightly convex upward; (3) avoid excessive
heat input; and (4) avoid excessive
restraint. (6,7,12,13,14)
4.03 11 Effects of variations in heat treatment on tensile
properties of base metal and of all-weld-m etal
specimens from butt joints in 0.625-inch plate,
which was welded in the as-rolled condition and
postweld heat treated, Table 4.0311.

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 NiCo NONFERROUS ALLOYS
4.04 Surface Treatment
Ni 4.041 For applications requiring prolonged exposure to
42 Fe elevated temperatures, an oxidation-resistant
13 Co surface layer is recommended. A preferred pro¬
tective coating is a thin layer of a nickel-chromium-
4.7 Cb aluminum-yttrium alloy, designated Ni2 11. which
1.5 Ti can be applied by plasma spray. (8.9)
4.042 An established practice for increasing the tempera¬
Incoloy 909 ture limitations of gas-turbine engines is to protect
the surfaces of air-cooled metal components with
ceramic thermal-barrier coatings, which reduce
metal temperatures and provide oxidation re¬
sistance. (10) Because of its good heat resistance
and stability, low thermal conductivity, and
thermal-expansion characteristics very similar
to those of Incoloy 909. 8 percent yttria-
zirconia is an excellent thermal-barrier coating
for the alloy. In one investigation of its effective¬
ness, optimum results were obtained when the
alloy was first air plasma sprayed with NiCrAlY
alloy (Ni211; see Section 4.041) 0.004 inch
thick for oxidation protection and then finally
coated with 0 020 inch of 8 percent yttria-
zirconia by air plasma spray. As a result of that
investigation, the claim is made that '"with
adequate air cooling, thermal-barrier-coated
Incoloy Alloy 909 can be operated in air
environments at temperatures to 2000 F with¬
out the metal temperature exceeding
1000 F". (8,9)
REFERENCES
"incoloy Alloy 909", INCO Alloys International,
Publication No. IAl-18 (1987).
"Incoloy Alloy 909 Cryogenic Data", provided by
J. M. Martin, INCO Alloys International ("October,
1988).
Heck, K. A., Smith, D. F., Smith, J. S., Wells, D. A.,
and Holderby, M. A., "The Physical Metallurgy of
a Silicon-Containing Low Expansion Superalloy",
Paper presented at Conference on Superalloys,
Champion, PA, The Metallurgical Society AIME
(September, 1988).
Smith, D. F., "Low-Expansion Superalloys",
INCO Alloys international, TR-2 l.M
(October, 1985j.
"Incoloy Alloy 909, Hot-Working Guidelines",
provided by J. M. Martin, INCO Alloys Inter¬
national (July, 1989).
CODE 4219
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PRINTED: SEPTEMBER 1989
6 O'Donnell. D. B.. and Bishel. R. A.. "Summary of
Inconei Alloy 909 Welding Results". INCO Alloys
lnicrnaiional Laboratory Report C-DB09
(April 8. 1988).
7 Smith, D. F., and McGrath, "A Low-Expansion
Superalloy for Gas-Turbine Applications", pre¬
sented at the International Gas Turbine Sympo¬
sium. Beijing. Peoples Republic of China (1985).
8 Smith. G. D.. and Bell. J.A.E.. "Thermal Barrier
Coating of incoloy Alloy 909". INCO Alloys
International. Inc. (1988).
9 Smith. G. D.. "Thermal Barrier Characteristics of
Partially Stabilized Zirconia Coatings on Incoloy
Alloy 909", ASME TP 89-GT-146 (June, 1989).
10 Toriz, F. C. Thakker, A. B., and Gupta, S. K.,
"Thermal Barrier Coatings for Jet Engines", ASME
TP 88-GT-279 (June, 1988).
11 Smith, D. F., Smith, J. S., and Floreen, S., "A
Silicon-Containing, Low-Expansion Alloy With
Improved Properties", Proceedings of the Fifth
International Symposium on Superalloys, Metal¬
lurgical Society of AIME (1984).
12 Ernst, S. C., Baeslack, W. A., Ill, and Lippold, J. C.,
"Weldability of High-Strength Low-Expansion
Superalloys", Welding Journal, Vol 68, pp 4 18s—
430s (October, 1989).
13 "Joining Huntington Alloys", Huntington Alloys,
Inc. (1978).
14 ASM Metals Handbook, 9th Edition, Vol 6,
pp 442-443 (1983).
15 Private communication from D. H. Yates, INCO
Alloys International (October 19, 1989).
16 Specification No. EMS55464, "Bars and Forgings,
High-Temperature Low-Expansion Alloy (Incoloy
909)", Garrett Engine Division, Allied Signal Aero¬
space Company (October 22, 1984) (Rev. B,
September 26, 1985).
17 Specification No. EMS55470, "Alloy Castings,
Investment, Vacuum Melted, Low Expansion
(Incoloy 909), Hot Isostatically Pressed, Solution-
Heat-Treated and Aged", Garrett Engine Division,
Allied Signal Aerospace Company (June 14, 1988)
(Rev. A, January 27, 1989).
18 Specification No. EMS72757, "Alloy Bars and
Forgings, Low Expansion Alloy (Alloy 909)",
Allison Gas Turbine Division, General Motors Corp.
(September 2, 1 988).
PRINTED: SEPTEMBER 1989 NONFERROUS ALLOYS NiCo

Ni
Alloy Incoloy 909 42 Fe
Specification 13 Co
No. Source Form
Garrett Engine Div. Bars and forgings 4.7 Cb
EMS55464
EMS72757 Allison Gas Turbine Div. Bars and forgings 1.5 Ti
EMS55470 Garrett Engine Div. Investment castings
Incoloy 909
TABLE 1.031. COMPANY SPECIFICATIONS (16,17,18)

Alloy Inconel 909

Form Wrought Cast
Source (1) (16) (18) (17)
Nominal Specified Specified Specified
Percent Percent Percent Percent
Composition Min Max Min Max Min Max
Nickel 38 35.00 40.00 35.0 40.0 35.00 40.00
Cobalt 13 12-00 16.00 12.00 16.00 12.00 16.00
Iron 42 Balance Balance Bal:uice
Columbium 4.7 - - - - - —
Columbium + Tantalum - 4.3 5.2 4.3 5.2 4.30 5.20
1.90
Titanium 1.5 1.3 IB 1.3 1.8 1.20
Aluminum 0-03 - 0.15 - 0.15 - 0.20
Titanium + Aluminum - - - - - - 1.75
Silicon 0.04 0.25 0-50 0.25 0.50 0.25 0.50
Carbon 0.01 - 0.06 - 0.06 - 0.10
Manganese - - 1.00 - 1.0 - 1.00
Phosphorus - - 0.015 - 0.015 - 0.015
Sulfur - - 0.015 - 0.015 - 0.015
Copper - - 0.50 - 0B - 0B0
Boron - - 0.012 - 0.012 - 0.012
Chromium - - -- - 1.00 -
-
-
-
Molybdenum - - - 1.00
Lead - - - - 0.005 - -
Tin - - - - 0.005 - -
Antimony - - - -- 0.005 - -
Bismuth
Others, each
—- -
-
-
- -
0.001
0.10
—
-
-
-
Others, total - - - - 0B0 - -
TABLE 1.041. NOMINAL AND COMPANY SPECIFIED COMPOSITIONS (1,16,17,18)

Alloy Incoloy 909

Condition 1800 F, Ihr, AC+ 1325 F,8hr,
FC to 1150 F, Hold 8 hr, AC
Form Hardness, HRC
Wrought 34-40
Investment cast and hot 34-44
isostatically pressed

TABLE 1.06. HARDNESS (17,18)

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NiCo NONFERROUS ALLOYS PRINTED: SEPTEMBER 1989

Ni
----1-1-1-
1 1 1
Incoloy 909
—I----- 1 1 1 1 1-
Incoloy 909, 1800 F, 1 hr, AC + 1325 F,
1900 F, 1 hr, AC + Aged as Shown 8 hr, FC to 1150 F, Hold 8 hr. AC
42 Fe
2000
13 Co
4.7 Cb
G.B. Laves + Silicides
1.5 Ti
Epsilon
Incoloy 909 1 600
Epsilon Double Prime

G„B. Epsilon o
u
1 200
Gamma Prime

I.O
__
Note: G.B. - Grain Boundary
J I
10
L_L
I00 I000 200 400 600 800 IOOO 1200 I40O
Aging Time, hr Temperature, F

FIGURE 2.01211. TIME-TEMPERATURE- FIGURE 2.0131. THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY FROM

TRANSFORMATION DIAGRAM 70 TO 1400 F (1)
SHOWING EFFECTS OF TEMPERA¬
TURE ON TIME TO START OF
PRECIPITATION OF VARIOUS
PHASES FROM THE AUSTENITIC
MATRIX OF INCOLOY 909 AFTER
IT HAS BEEN SOLUTION ANNEALED
AT 1900 F (3)

Incoloy 909. 1800 F. 1hr, AC + 1325 F,

8 hr, FC to 1150 F, Hold 8 hr, AC

a
- 1
icoloy 909, 1800
I I ÿ
I I
F. 1hr, AC + 1325 F,
8 hr. FC to 1150 F. Hold 8 hr. AC
—
i

E
£ u-
ÿE -5
F- c

Between 73 F and Temperature Indicated —

°'l00 400 800 1 200 1 600 2000

Temperature, F Temperature, F

FIGURE 2.0141. THERMAL EXPANSION FROM -260 TO FIGURE 2.0151. SPECIFIC HEAT FROM 70 TO 2000 F (11
1200 F (1,2)

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PRINTED: SEPTEMBER 1989 NONFERROUS ALLOYS NiCo

-- F.
Incoloy 909. 1800 F, 1 hr, AC + 1325
r-
Inco oy 909, 1300 F, 1 h r. AC + 13 25 F, Ni
8 hr, FC to 1150 F, Hold 8 hr. C 8 hr, FC to 1150 F. Hold 8 hr. A C
42 Fe
50 13 Co
IN 4.7 Cb
E
1.5 Ti
Incc loy 909ÿ,
G 45
Incokiy 909

s
S 40 c
s

35 - — Inconel 718 —
100 200
I
300 400 500
30 Total Test Time, hr

FIGURE 2.0311. WEIGHT GAIN DUE TO OXIDATION IN

AIR AT 1200 F, SHOWING COMPARISON
25 OF INCOLOY 909 WITH A CHROMIUM-
0 400 800 1 200 1600 2000 CONTAINING SUPERALLOY,
Temperature, F INCONEL 718 ICODE 4103) (1)
Note: The test specimens were continuously cycled 15 min
FIGURE 2.0221. ELECTRICAL RESISTIVITY FROM at 1200 F and 5 min of cooling.
70 TO 2000 F (1)

Alloy Incoloy 909

Condition 1800 F, 1 hr, AC + 1325 F, 8 hr, FC to 1150 F, Hold 8 hr, AC
Minimum Properties
Form Source Temp, F Fty.ksi Ftu,ksi e (4D), percent RA, percent
Wrought (16) RT 140 175 8 -
(16) 1000 115 145 10 -
(18) RT 140 175 8 12
(18) 1200 105 135 10 15
Cast - HIP (17) RT 138 140 1 -
(17) 600 121 130 6 -

TABLE 3.011. COMPANY-SPECIFIED TENSILE PROPERTIES (16,17,18)

Alloy Incoloy 909

Form Bars and Forgings
Condition 1800 F, 1hr, AC + 1325 F, 8 hr, FC to 1150 F, Hold 8 hr, AC
Rupture Time, e (4D),
Temp, F Stress, ksi Specimen hr, Min percent, Min
1200 74 Smooth 23 4
Notched, Kt = 3.6 >23 -
Note: The specifications requite that the notched rupture time exceed the
smooth for any given sample.

TABLE 3.012. COMPANY-SPECIFIED STRESS RUPTURE PROPERTIES (16,18)

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 NiCo NONFERROUS ALLOYS PRINTED: SEPTEMBER 1989

Ni Incoloy 909, 4.875-inch-Diameter Bar

42 Fe
1800 F, 1 hr, AC + 1325 F, 8 hr, FC to
13 Co 1150 F, Hold 8hr.AC
1800 F, 1 hr. AC + 1325 F, 4 hr, FC to Alloy Incoloy 909
4.7 Cb 1150 F, Hold 4 hr, AC Form 4-87S-inch-Diameter Bar
1.5 Ti 1900 F, 1 hr, AC + 1425 F, 8 hr, FC to Heat Fty, Ftu, e (4D), RA,
1150 F, Hold 8 hr, AC
1900 F, 1 hr, AC + 1425 F, 8 hr, FC to Treatment ksi ksi percent percent
Incoloy 909 1150 F, Hold 4 hr, AC A 151.9 193.4 15 36
B 143.6 188.1 16 37
C 121.9 177.4 15 19
D 118.0 173.7 16 24
HT A: 1800 F, 1 hi, AC + 1325 F, 8 hr, FC to 1150 F,
hold 8 hr, AC
HT B: 1800 F,1 hr, AC + 1325 F, 4 hr, FC to 1150 F,
hold 4 hr, AC
HT C: 1900 F, 1 hi, AC + 1425 F, 8 hr, FC to 1150 F,
hold 8 hr, AC
HT D: 1900 F, 1 hi, AC + 1425 F, 8 hi, FC to 1150 F,
hold 4 hr, AC

TABLE 3.0212. EFFECTS OF VARIATIONS IN

HEAT TREATMENT ON TENSILE
PROPERTIES OF BAR AT ROOM
TEMPERATURE (15)

02 h'-
Stra in, percent

FIGURE 3.0211. TENSILE STRESS-STRAIN CURVES

AT ROOM TEMPERATURE FOR BAR
AFTER FOUR DIFFERENT HEAT
TREATMENTS (15) Incoloy 909 Plate, 1800 F, 1 hr, AC + 1325 F,
8 hr, FC to 1150 F, Hold 8 hr, AC

----
•
O
1000 hr
100 hr

e (4D)

200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400

Exposure Temperature, F

FIGURE 3.0213. ROOM-TEMPERATURE TENSILE PROP

ERTIES AFTER 100- AND 1000-HOUR
EXPOSURES TO TEMPERATURES OF
1100 TO 1400 F (15)
CODE 4219
Page 8
PRINTED: SEPTEMBER 1989 NONFERROUS ALLOYS NiCo

Incoloy 9C 9, 4.875 -inch-Di ameter E ar Incoloy 909, 4.875-inch-Diameter Bar Ni

18 00 F, 1 ir. AC + 1325 F, 8 hr, FC to 42 Fe
1150 F. Ho Id 8 hr, AC I 1800 F, 1 hr, AC + 1325 F, 8 hr, FC to
160 1150 F, Hold 8 hr, AC 13 Co
I 1800 F, 1 hr, AC + 1325 F, 4 hr, FC to
1150 F, Hold 4 hr, AC 4.7 Cb
140 : 1900 F, 1 hr, AC + 1425 F, 8 hr, FC to 1.5 Ti
1150 F, Hold 8 hr, AC

140 —
I 1900 F, 1 hr, AC + 1425 F, 8 hr, FC to
1150 F, Hold 4 hr, AC _ Incoloy 909
120

ÿ5 100

/
/
w 60

60

1
/
//
40
L
20

0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 I.O 1.2 0.2

Strain, percent Strain, percent

FIGURE 3.0311. TENSILE STRESS-STRAIN CURVE AT FIGURE 3.0312. TENSILE STRESS-STRAIN CURVES AT
1000 F FOR BAR (15) 1200 F FOR BAR AFTER FOUR DIF¬
FERENT HEAT TREATMENTS (151

Alloy Incoloy 909

Form 4.875-inch-Diametei Bar
Heat Fty> Ftu, e (4D), RA,
Treatment ksi ksi percent percent
A 119.3 149.1 19 38
B 112.9 143.6 18 37
C 86.1 126.3 23 44
D 88.0 132.9 19 30
HT A: 1800 F, 1 hr, AC + 1325 F, 8 hi, FC to 1150 F,
hold 8 hi, AC
HT B: 1800 F, 1 hi, AC + 1325 F, 4 hi, FC to 1150 F,
hold 4 hi, AC
HT C: 1900 F, 1 hi, AC + 1425 F, 8 hi, FC to 1150 F,
hold 8 hr, AC
HT D: 1900 F, 1 hi, AC + 1425 F, 8 hr, FC to 1150 F,
hold 4 hi, AC

TABLE 3.0313. EFFECTS OF VARIATIONS IN

HEAT TREATMENT ON TENSILE
PROPERTIES OF BAR AT
1200 F (15)

CODE 4219
Page 9
NiCo NONFERROUS ALLOYS PRINTED: SEPTEMBER 1989

Ni ---
Inco oy 909 Plate, 1800 F 1 hr, A C+ 13 25 F,
-
42 Fe "3 8 hr, FC to 1150 F, Hold 8 hr, AC

13 Co i200
4.7 Cb
|180 rtu"
1.5 Ti 43

Incoloy 909 2 1 60
Incoloy 909, 0.665-meh Bar
>
ÿn
Fty 1800 F, 1 hr, AC + 1325 F, 8 hr
1 40 t FC to 1150 F, Hold 8 hr, AC

I20

E
5 J
LT

= 200
8£
<a
c
o 50
c
° RA_,
I—"
ÿo
30 i
--- ---
43 uj
a.
e <4D)

10
0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 I400
Temperature, F

FIGURE 3.0314. EFFECTS OF TEMPERATURES UP TO

1400 F ON TENSILE PROPERTIES
OF PLATE (15)

—i- 1—rn- 1-1—rn— ÿS° 20

Incoloy
909 Plate, 1800 F, + 1325 F, 1 hr, AC 43 LU

8 hr, FC to 1150 F, Hold 8 hr, AC IT e (4D)

200
1000 F -400 -300 -200 -I00
Temperature, F
1100 F
FIGURE 3.0315. EFFECTS OF LOW TEMPERATURES ON
TENSILE PROPERTIES OF BAR (2)
1200 F

• Smooth Bar
O Notch Bar, Kt = 2
I III
r0.355'7~ 0.035" r
40

Oife'
20
_
J
30
L_U
10 1 00 I00Q
Rupture Time, hr

FIGURE 3.041. CREEP-RUPTURE CURVES FOR PLATE

AT 1000, 1100, AND 1200 F (15)

CODE 4219
Page 10
PRINTED: SEPTEM8ER 1989 NONFERROUS ALLOYS NiCo

T~n -1-—m--—m—1 1 1
Incoloy 909 Plate, 1800 F, 1 hr, AC + 1325 F, Ni
8 hr, FC to 1150 F, Hold 8 hr, AC Fe
42
13 Co
4.7 Cb
1.5 Ti
Incoloy 909
i/>

Creep Strain, percent

• 0.5
A 1.0
O 5.0
O Rupture

Incoloy 909, 1.0-inch Plate

1800 F, 1 hr, AC + 1325 F, 8 hr,
FC to 1150 F, Hold 8 hr, AC

10 100 1000 I0"3

Time, hr

FIGURE 3.042. TIME TO VARIOUS AMOUNTS OF CREEP Specimens

STRAIN AND TO RUPTURE AT 1100, C(T) (T-L)
1200, AND 1400 F (15)
0.36 in. Thick

1000 F
Air
Ftu = 190.5 ksi
Ftv ~ 148.0 ksi
x I0"4

I0~5

10 20 40 60 80 100
Stress Intensity Factor, K, ksi \/in.

FIGURE 3.043. CREEP-CRACK GROWTH RATE FOR

Incoloy 909
PLATE TESTED IN AIR AT 1000 F (11)
Alloy
Form 1.0 inch Plate
Condition 1800 F, 1 hr, AC + 1325 F,8 hr,
FC to 1150 F, Hold 8 hr, AC
Cycles to Fatigue
Failure Strength(a). ksi
106 79
10® 66
(a) Maximum cyclic stress in R. R. Moore
rotating-beam fatigue tests (R = -1) on
smooth specimens at room temperature
in air.

TABLE 3.051. FATIGUE STRENGTH OF

PLATE AT 106 AND
10® CYCLES (11)

CODE 4219
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 NiCo NONFERROUS ALLOYS PRINTED: SEPTEMBER 1989

-1-1-r— ÿ

Ni Incoloy 909, 1.0-inch Plate

Incoley 909. 1BOO F, 1 h r, AC + 13 25 F,
1800 F, 1 hr, AC + 1325 F, 8 hr,
42 Fe FC to 1150 F, Hold 8 hr, AC
8 hr, FC to 1150 F, Hold 8 hr, A C
13 Co io-" 24
4.7 Cb
1.5 Ti
a
22
Incoloy 909 (D
o

20
IO"5

3 18
ÿo
ÿ

16
E (Dy namic)

10" 14
0 400 800 1 200 1 600 2000
Specimens
C(T)IT-L) _ Temperature, F
0.36 in. Thick
ÿ
Axial FIGURE 3.0621. MODULUS OF ELASTICITY FROM
R = 0.1
70 TO 2000 F (1)
70 F, Ftu = 190.5 ksi
Fty = 148.0 ksi _
2 cpm, Helium

10-7
— 2 cpm. Air
—ÿ—20 cpm. Air

T
I0 20 40 60 80 I00
Stress- Intensity Factor Range, AK, ksi \fin.

FIGURE 3.052. FATIGUE-CRACK GROWTH RATE FOR

PLATE TESTED IN AIR AND IN HELIUM .
Inco oy 909. It100 F, 1 hi AC + 13:25
8 hr, FC to 1150 F, H >ld 8 hr. A C
F.
AT ROOM TEMPERATURE (11)

S
re

o
£

G (Dy namic)

400 800 1200 1600 2000

Temperature, F

FIGURE 3.0631. MODULUS OF RIGIDITY FROM

70 TO 2000 F (1)

CODE 4219
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PRINTED: SEPTEMBER 1989 NONFERROUS ALLOYS NiCo

AUoy Incoloy 909 Base and Fillei Metals

Ni
Foim Butt Welds in 0.625-inch Plate
Heat Fty, Ftu, e (4D), RA, 42 Fe
Process Treatment ksi ksi percent percent 13 Co
GTAW 1 175.1 146.0 11 20.2 4.7 Cb
2 177.2 128.0 11 17.0
3 171.2 128.0 11 17.0 1.5 Ti
GMAW 1 171.1 135.0 11 16.8
2 160J 126.0 4 0 Incoloy 909
3 156.3 118.0 10 10.1
Base metal 1 190.5 148.0 16 32.0
2 187.0 142.0 16 37.0
3 178.0 137.0 14 17.0
HT 1: 1800 F, 1 hr, AC + 1325 F, 8 hi, FC to 1150 F, hold 8 hi, AC
HT 2: 1800 F, 1 hi, AC + 1375 F, 4 hi, FC to 1150 F, hold 8 hi, AC
HT 3: 1900 F, 1 hi, AC + 1425 F, 4 hi, FC to 1150 F, hold 8 hi, AC

TABLE 4.031 1. EFFECTS OF VARIATIONS IN HEAT TREATMENT

ON TENSILE PROPERTIES OF BASE METAL AND
OF ALL-WELD-METAL SPECIMENS FROM BUTT
JOINTS IN 0.625-INCH PLATE, WHICH WAS WELDED
IN THE AS-ROLLED CONDITION AND POSTWELD
HEAT TREATED (6)

CODE 4219
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